INSTRUCTION stringlengths 1 8.43k | RESPONSE stringlengths 75 104k |
|---|---|
Request contexts disappear when the response is started on the server. This is done for efficiency reasons and to make it less likely to encounter memory leaks with badly written WSGI middlewares. The downside is that if you are using streamed responses the generator cannot access request bound information any more. | def stream_with_context(generator_or_function):
"""Request contexts disappear when the response is started on the server.
This is done for efficiency reasons and to make it less likely to encounter
memory leaks with badly written WSGI middlewares. The downside is that if
you are using streamed responses, the generator cannot access request bound
information any more.
This function however can help you keep the context around for longer::
from flask import stream_with_context, request, Response
@app.route('/stream')
def streamed_response():
@stream_with_context
def generate():
yield 'Hello '
yield request.args['name']
yield '!'
return Response(generate())
Alternatively it can also be used around a specific generator::
from flask import stream_with_context, request, Response
@app.route('/stream')
def streamed_response():
def generate():
yield 'Hello '
yield request.args['name']
yield '!'
return Response(stream_with_context(generate()))
.. versionadded:: 0.9
"""
try:
gen = iter(generator_or_function)
except TypeError:
def decorator(*args, **kwargs):
gen = generator_or_function()
return stream_with_context(gen)
return update_wrapper(decorator, generator_or_function)
def generator():
ctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
if ctx is None:
raise RuntimeError('Attempted to stream with context but '
'there was no context in the first place to keep around.')
with ctx:
# Dummy sentinel. Has to be inside the context block or we're
# not actually keeping the context around.
yield None
# The try/finally is here so that if someone passes a WSGI level
# iterator in we're still running the cleanup logic. Generators
# don't need that because they are closed on their destruction
# automatically.
try:
for item in gen:
yield item
finally:
if hasattr(gen, 'close'):
gen.close()
# The trick is to start the generator. Then the code execution runs until
# the first dummy None is yielded at which point the context was already
# pushed. This item is discarded. Then when the iteration continues the
# real generator is executed.
wrapped_g = generator()
next(wrapped_g)
return wrapped_g |
Sometimes it is necessary to set additional headers in a view. Because views do not have to return response objects but can return a value that is converted into a response object by Flask itself it becomes tricky to add headers to it. This function can be called instead of using a return and you will get a response object which you can use to attach headers. | def make_response(*args):
"""Sometimes it is necessary to set additional headers in a view. Because
views do not have to return response objects but can return a value that
is converted into a response object by Flask itself, it becomes tricky to
add headers to it. This function can be called instead of using a return
and you will get a response object which you can use to attach headers.
If view looked like this and you want to add a new header::
def index():
return render_template('index.html', foo=42)
You can now do something like this::
def index():
response = make_response(render_template('index.html', foo=42))
response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'
return response
This function accepts the very same arguments you can return from a
view function. This for example creates a response with a 404 error
code::
response = make_response(render_template('not_found.html'), 404)
The other use case of this function is to force the return value of a
view function into a response which is helpful with view
decorators::
response = make_response(view_function())
response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'
Internally this function does the following things:
- if no arguments are passed, it creates a new response argument
- if one argument is passed, :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response`
is invoked with it.
- if more than one argument is passed, the arguments are passed
to the :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response` function as tuple.
.. versionadded:: 0.6
"""
if not args:
return current_app.response_class()
if len(args) == 1:
args = args[0]
return current_app.make_response(args) |
Generates a URL to the given endpoint with the method provided. | def url_for(endpoint, **values):
"""Generates a URL to the given endpoint with the method provided.
Variable arguments that are unknown to the target endpoint are appended
to the generated URL as query arguments. If the value of a query argument
is `None`, the whole pair is skipped. In case blueprints are active
you can shortcut references to the same blueprint by prefixing the
local endpoint with a dot (``.``).
This will reference the index function local to the current blueprint::
url_for('.index')
For more information, head over to the :ref:`Quickstart <url-building>`.
To integrate applications, :class:`Flask` has a hook to intercept URL build
errors through :attr:`Flask.build_error_handler`. The `url_for` function
results in a :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` when the current app does
not have a URL for the given endpoint and values. When it does, the
:data:`~flask.current_app` calls its :attr:`~Flask.build_error_handler` if
it is not `None`, which can return a string to use as the result of
`url_for` (instead of `url_for`'s default to raise the
:exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` exception) or re-raise the exception.
An example::
def external_url_handler(error, endpoint, **values):
"Looks up an external URL when `url_for` cannot build a URL."
# This is an example of hooking the build_error_handler.
# Here, lookup_url is some utility function you've built
# which looks up the endpoint in some external URL registry.
url = lookup_url(endpoint, **values)
if url is None:
# External lookup did not have a URL.
# Re-raise the BuildError, in context of original traceback.
exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
if exc_value is error:
raise exc_type, exc_value, tb
else:
raise error
# url_for will use this result, instead of raising BuildError.
return url
app.build_error_handler = external_url_handler
Here, `error` is the instance of :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`, and
`endpoint` and `**values` are the arguments passed into `url_for`. Note
that this is for building URLs outside the current application, and not for
handling 404 NotFound errors.
.. versionadded:: 0.10
The `_scheme` parameter was added.
.. versionadded:: 0.9
The `_anchor` and `_method` parameters were added.
.. versionadded:: 0.9
Calls :meth:`Flask.handle_build_error` on
:exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`.
:param endpoint: the endpoint of the URL (name of the function)
:param values: the variable arguments of the URL rule
:param _external: if set to `True`, an absolute URL is generated. Server
address can be changed via `SERVER_NAME` configuration variable which
defaults to `localhost`.
:param _scheme: a string specifying the desired URL scheme. The `_external`
parameter must be set to `True` or a `ValueError` is raised.
:param _anchor: if provided this is added as anchor to the URL.
:param _method: if provided this explicitly specifies an HTTP method.
"""
appctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
if appctx is None:
raise RuntimeError('Attempted to generate a URL without the '
'application context being pushed. This has to be '
'executed when application context is available.')
# If request specific information is available we have some extra
# features that support "relative" urls.
if reqctx is not None:
url_adapter = reqctx.url_adapter
blueprint_name = request.blueprint
if not reqctx.request._is_old_module:
if endpoint[:1] == '.':
if blueprint_name is not None:
endpoint = blueprint_name + endpoint
else:
endpoint = endpoint[1:]
else:
# TODO: get rid of this deprecated functionality in 1.0
if '.' not in endpoint:
if blueprint_name is not None:
endpoint = blueprint_name + '.' + endpoint
elif endpoint.startswith('.'):
endpoint = endpoint[1:]
external = values.pop('_external', False)
# Otherwise go with the url adapter from the appctx and make
# the urls external by default.
else:
url_adapter = appctx.url_adapter
if url_adapter is None:
raise RuntimeError('Application was not able to create a URL '
'adapter for request independent URL generation. '
'You might be able to fix this by setting '
'the SERVER_NAME config variable.')
external = values.pop('_external', True)
anchor = values.pop('_anchor', None)
method = values.pop('_method', None)
scheme = values.pop('_scheme', None)
appctx.app.inject_url_defaults(endpoint, values)
if scheme is not None:
if not external:
raise ValueError('When specifying _scheme, _external must be True')
url_adapter.url_scheme = scheme
try:
rv = url_adapter.build(endpoint, values, method=method,
force_external=external)
except BuildError as error:
# We need to inject the values again so that the app callback can
# deal with that sort of stuff.
values['_external'] = external
values['_anchor'] = anchor
values['_method'] = method
return appctx.app.handle_url_build_error(error, endpoint, values)
if anchor is not None:
rv += '#' + url_quote(anchor)
return rv |
Loads a macro ( or variable ) a template exports. This can be used to invoke a macro from within Python code. If you for example have a template named _cider. html with the following contents: | def get_template_attribute(template_name, attribute):
"""Loads a macro (or variable) a template exports. This can be used to
invoke a macro from within Python code. If you for example have a
template named `_cider.html` with the following contents:
.. sourcecode:: html+jinja
{% macro hello(name) %}Hello {{ name }}!{% endmacro %}
You can access this from Python code like this::
hello = get_template_attribute('_cider.html', 'hello')
return hello('World')
.. versionadded:: 0.2
:param template_name: the name of the template
:param attribute: the name of the variable of macro to access
"""
return getattr(current_app.jinja_env.get_template(template_name).module,
attribute) |
Flashes a message to the next request. In order to remove the flashed message from the session and to display it to the user the template has to call: func: get_flashed_messages. | def flash(message, category='message'):
"""Flashes a message to the next request. In order to remove the
flashed message from the session and to display it to the user,
the template has to call :func:`get_flashed_messages`.
.. versionchanged:: 0.3
`category` parameter added.
:param message: the message to be flashed.
:param category: the category for the message. The following values
are recommended: ``'message'`` for any kind of message,
``'error'`` for errors, ``'info'`` for information
messages and ``'warning'`` for warnings. However any
kind of string can be used as category.
"""
# Original implementation:
#
# session.setdefault('_flashes', []).append((category, message))
#
# This assumed that changes made to mutable structures in the session are
# are always in sync with the sess on object, which is not true for session
# implementations that use external storage for keeping their keys/values.
flashes = session.get('_flashes', [])
flashes.append((category, message))
session['_flashes'] = flashes
message_flashed.send(current_app._get_current_object(),
message=message, category=category) |
Pulls all flashed messages from the session and returns them. Further calls in the same request to the function will return the same messages. By default just the messages are returned but when with_categories is set to True the return value will be a list of tuples in the form ( category message ) instead. | def get_flashed_messages(with_categories=False, category_filter=[]):
"""Pulls all flashed messages from the session and returns them.
Further calls in the same request to the function will return
the same messages. By default just the messages are returned,
but when `with_categories` is set to `True`, the return value will
be a list of tuples in the form ``(category, message)`` instead.
Filter the flashed messages to one or more categories by providing those
categories in `category_filter`. This allows rendering categories in
separate html blocks. The `with_categories` and `category_filter`
arguments are distinct:
* `with_categories` controls whether categories are returned with message
text (`True` gives a tuple, where `False` gives just the message text).
* `category_filter` filters the messages down to only those matching the
provided categories.
See :ref:`message-flashing-pattern` for examples.
.. versionchanged:: 0.3
`with_categories` parameter added.
.. versionchanged:: 0.9
`category_filter` parameter added.
:param with_categories: set to `True` to also receive categories.
:param category_filter: whitelist of categories to limit return values
"""
flashes = _request_ctx_stack.top.flashes
if flashes is None:
_request_ctx_stack.top.flashes = flashes = session.pop('_flashes') \
if '_flashes' in session else []
if category_filter:
flashes = list(filter(lambda f: f[0] in category_filter, flashes))
if not with_categories:
return [x[1] for x in flashes]
return flashes |
Sends the contents of a file to the client. This will use the most efficient method available and configured. By default it will try to use the WSGI server s file_wrapper support. Alternatively you can set the application s: attr: ~Flask. use_x_sendfile attribute to True to directly emit an X - Sendfile header. This however requires support of the underlying webserver for X - Sendfile. | def send_file(filename_or_fp, mimetype=None, as_attachment=False,
attachment_filename=None, add_etags=True,
cache_timeout=None, conditional=False):
"""Sends the contents of a file to the client. This will use the
most efficient method available and configured. By default it will
try to use the WSGI server's file_wrapper support. Alternatively
you can set the application's :attr:`~Flask.use_x_sendfile` attribute
to ``True`` to directly emit an `X-Sendfile` header. This however
requires support of the underlying webserver for `X-Sendfile`.
By default it will try to guess the mimetype for you, but you can
also explicitly provide one. For extra security you probably want
to send certain files as attachment (HTML for instance). The mimetype
guessing requires a `filename` or an `attachment_filename` to be
provided.
Please never pass filenames to this function from user sources without
checking them first. Something like this is usually sufficient to
avoid security problems::
if '..' in filename or filename.startswith('/'):
abort(404)
.. versionadded:: 0.2
.. versionadded:: 0.5
The `add_etags`, `cache_timeout` and `conditional` parameters were
added. The default behavior is now to attach etags.
.. versionchanged:: 0.7
mimetype guessing and etag support for file objects was
deprecated because it was unreliable. Pass a filename if you are
able to, otherwise attach an etag yourself. This functionality
will be removed in Flask 1.0
.. versionchanged:: 0.9
cache_timeout pulls its default from application config, when None.
:param filename_or_fp: the filename of the file to send. This is
relative to the :attr:`~Flask.root_path` if a
relative path is specified.
Alternatively a file object might be provided
in which case `X-Sendfile` might not work and
fall back to the traditional method. Make sure
that the file pointer is positioned at the start
of data to send before calling :func:`send_file`.
:param mimetype: the mimetype of the file if provided, otherwise
auto detection happens.
:param as_attachment: set to `True` if you want to send this file with
a ``Content-Disposition: attachment`` header.
:param attachment_filename: the filename for the attachment if it
differs from the file's filename.
:param add_etags: set to `False` to disable attaching of etags.
:param conditional: set to `True` to enable conditional responses.
:param cache_timeout: the timeout in seconds for the headers. When `None`
(default), this value is set by
:meth:`~Flask.get_send_file_max_age` of
:data:`~flask.current_app`.
"""
mtime = None
if isinstance(filename_or_fp, string_types):
filename = filename_or_fp
file = None
else:
from warnings import warn
file = filename_or_fp
filename = getattr(file, 'name', None)
# XXX: this behavior is now deprecated because it was unreliable.
# removed in Flask 1.0
if not attachment_filename and not mimetype \
and isinstance(filename, string_types):
warn(DeprecationWarning('The filename support for file objects '
'passed to send_file is now deprecated. Pass an '
'attach_filename if you want mimetypes to be guessed.'),
stacklevel=2)
if add_etags:
warn(DeprecationWarning('In future flask releases etags will no '
'longer be generated for file objects passed to the send_file '
'function because this behavior was unreliable. Pass '
'filenames instead if possible, otherwise attach an etag '
'yourself based on another value'), stacklevel=2)
if filename is not None:
if not os.path.isabs(filename):
filename = os.path.join(current_app.root_path, filename)
if mimetype is None and (filename or attachment_filename):
mimetype = mimetypes.guess_type(filename or attachment_filename)[0]
if mimetype is None:
mimetype = 'application/octet-stream'
headers = Headers()
if as_attachment:
if attachment_filename is None:
if filename is None:
raise TypeError('filename unavailable, required for '
'sending as attachment')
attachment_filename = os.path.basename(filename)
headers.add('Content-Disposition', 'attachment',
filename=attachment_filename)
if current_app.use_x_sendfile and filename:
if file is not None:
file.close()
headers['X-Sendfile'] = filename
headers['Content-Length'] = os.path.getsize(filename)
data = None
else:
if file is None:
file = open(filename, 'rb')
mtime = os.path.getmtime(filename)
headers['Content-Length'] = os.path.getsize(filename)
data = wrap_file(request.environ, file)
rv = current_app.response_class(data, mimetype=mimetype, headers=headers,
direct_passthrough=True)
# if we know the file modification date, we can store it as the
# the time of the last modification.
if mtime is not None:
rv.last_modified = int(mtime)
rv.cache_control.public = True
if cache_timeout is None:
cache_timeout = current_app.get_send_file_max_age(filename)
if cache_timeout is not None:
rv.cache_control.max_age = cache_timeout
rv.expires = int(time() + cache_timeout)
if add_etags and filename is not None:
rv.set_etag('flask-%s-%s-%s' % (
os.path.getmtime(filename),
os.path.getsize(filename),
adler32(
filename.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(filename, text_type)
else filename
) & 0xffffffff
))
if conditional:
rv = rv.make_conditional(request)
# make sure we don't send x-sendfile for servers that
# ignore the 304 status code for x-sendfile.
if rv.status_code == 304:
rv.headers.pop('x-sendfile', None)
return rv |
Safely join directory and filename. | def safe_join(directory, filename):
"""Safely join `directory` and `filename`.
Example usage::
@app.route('/wiki/<path:filename>')
def wiki_page(filename):
filename = safe_join(app.config['WIKI_FOLDER'], filename)
with open(filename, 'rb') as fd:
content = fd.read() # Read and process the file content...
:param directory: the base directory.
:param filename: the untrusted filename relative to that directory.
:raises: :class:`~werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound` if the resulting path
would fall out of `directory`.
"""
filename = posixpath.normpath(filename)
for sep in _os_alt_seps:
if sep in filename:
raise NotFound()
if os.path.isabs(filename) or \
filename == '..' or \
filename.startswith('../'):
raise NotFound()
return os.path.join(directory, filename) |
Send a file from a given directory with: func: send_file. This is a secure way to quickly expose static files from an upload folder or something similar. | def send_from_directory(directory, filename, **options):
"""Send a file from a given directory with :func:`send_file`. This
is a secure way to quickly expose static files from an upload folder
or something similar.
Example usage::
@app.route('/uploads/<path:filename>')
def download_file(filename):
return send_from_directory(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'],
filename, as_attachment=True)
.. admonition:: Sending files and Performance
It is strongly recommended to activate either `X-Sendfile` support in
your webserver or (if no authentication happens) to tell the webserver
to serve files for the given path on its own without calling into the
web application for improved performance.
.. versionadded:: 0.5
:param directory: the directory where all the files are stored.
:param filename: the filename relative to that directory to
download.
:param options: optional keyword arguments that are directly
forwarded to :func:`send_file`.
"""
filename = safe_join(directory, filename)
if not os.path.isfile(filename):
raise NotFound()
options.setdefault('conditional', True)
return send_file(filename, **options) |
Returns the path to a package or cwd if that cannot be found. This returns the path of a package or the folder that contains a module. | def get_root_path(import_name):
"""Returns the path to a package or cwd if that cannot be found. This
returns the path of a package or the folder that contains a module.
Not to be confused with the package path returned by :func:`find_package`.
"""
# Module already imported and has a file attribute. Use that first.
mod = sys.modules.get(import_name)
if mod is not None and hasattr(mod, '__file__'):
return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(mod.__file__))
# Next attempt: check the loader.
loader = pkgutil.get_loader(import_name)
# Loader does not exist or we're referring to an unloaded main module
# or a main module without path (interactive sessions), go with the
# current working directory.
if loader is None or import_name == '__main__':
return os.getcwd()
# For .egg, zipimporter does not have get_filename until Python 2.7.
# Some other loaders might exhibit the same behavior.
if hasattr(loader, 'get_filename'):
filepath = loader.get_filename(import_name)
else:
# Fall back to imports.
__import__(import_name)
filepath = sys.modules[import_name].__file__
# filepath is import_name.py for a module, or __init__.py for a package.
return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filepath)) |
Finds a package and returns the prefix ( or None if the package is not installed ) as well as the folder that contains the package or module as a tuple. The package path returned is the module that would have to be added to the pythonpath in order to make it possible to import the module. The prefix is the path below which a UNIX like folder structure exists ( lib share etc. ). | def find_package(import_name):
"""Finds a package and returns the prefix (or None if the package is
not installed) as well as the folder that contains the package or
module as a tuple. The package path returned is the module that would
have to be added to the pythonpath in order to make it possible to
import the module. The prefix is the path below which a UNIX like
folder structure exists (lib, share etc.).
"""
root_mod_name = import_name.split('.')[0]
loader = pkgutil.get_loader(root_mod_name)
if loader is None or import_name == '__main__':
# import name is not found, or interactive/main module
package_path = os.getcwd()
else:
# For .egg, zipimporter does not have get_filename until Python 2.7.
if hasattr(loader, 'get_filename'):
filename = loader.get_filename(root_mod_name)
elif hasattr(loader, 'archive'):
# zipimporter's loader.archive points to the .egg or .zip
# archive filename is dropped in call to dirname below.
filename = loader.archive
else:
# At least one loader is missing both get_filename and archive:
# Google App Engine's HardenedModulesHook
#
# Fall back to imports.
__import__(import_name)
filename = sys.modules[import_name].__file__
package_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(filename))
# package_path ends with __init__.py for a package
if loader.is_package(root_mod_name):
package_path = os.path.dirname(package_path)
site_parent, site_folder = os.path.split(package_path)
py_prefix = os.path.abspath(sys.prefix)
if package_path.startswith(py_prefix):
return py_prefix, package_path
elif site_folder.lower() == 'site-packages':
parent, folder = os.path.split(site_parent)
# Windows like installations
if folder.lower() == 'lib':
base_dir = parent
# UNIX like installations
elif os.path.basename(parent).lower() == 'lib':
base_dir = os.path.dirname(parent)
else:
base_dir = site_parent
return base_dir, package_path
return None, package_path |
The Jinja loader for this package bound object. | def jinja_loader(self):
"""The Jinja loader for this package bound object.
.. versionadded:: 0.5
"""
if self.template_folder is not None:
return FileSystemLoader(os.path.join(self.root_path,
self.template_folder)) |
Opens a resource from the application s resource folder. To see how this works consider the following folder structure:: | def open_resource(self, resource, mode='rb'):
"""Opens a resource from the application's resource folder. To see
how this works, consider the following folder structure::
/myapplication.py
/schema.sql
/static
/style.css
/templates
/layout.html
/index.html
If you want to open the `schema.sql` file you would do the
following::
with app.open_resource('schema.sql') as f:
contents = f.read()
do_something_with(contents)
:param resource: the name of the resource. To access resources within
subfolders use forward slashes as separator.
:param mode: resource file opening mode, default is 'rb'.
"""
if mode not in ('r', 'rb'):
raise ValueError('Resources can only be opened for reading')
return open(os.path.join(self.root_path, resource), mode) |
Prints the completion code of the given shell | def run(self, options, args):
"""Prints the completion code of the given shell"""
shells = COMPLETION_SCRIPTS.keys()
shell_options = ['--' + shell for shell in sorted(shells)]
if options.shell in shells:
script = COMPLETION_SCRIPTS.get(options.shell, '')
print(BASE_COMPLETION % {'script': script, 'shell': options.shell})
else:
sys.stderr.write(
'ERROR: You must pass %s\n' % ' or '.join(shell_options)
) |
Helpful helper method that returns the cookie domain that should be used for the session cookie if session cookies are used. | def get_cookie_domain(self, app):
"""Helpful helper method that returns the cookie domain that should
be used for the session cookie if session cookies are used.
"""
if app.config['SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN'] is not None:
return app.config['SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN']
if app.config['SERVER_NAME'] is not None:
# chop of the port which is usually not supported by browsers
rv = '.' + app.config['SERVER_NAME'].rsplit(':', 1)[0]
# Google chrome does not like cookies set to .localhost, so
# we just go with no domain then. Flask documents anyways that
# cross domain cookies need a fully qualified domain name
if rv == '.localhost':
rv = None
# If we infer the cookie domain from the server name we need
# to check if we are in a subpath. In that case we can't
# set a cross domain cookie.
if rv is not None:
path = self.get_cookie_path(app)
if path != '/':
rv = rv.lstrip('.')
return rv |
Return a directory to store cached wheels in for link. | def _cache_for_link(cache_dir, link):
"""
Return a directory to store cached wheels in for link.
Because there are M wheels for any one sdist, we provide a directory
to cache them in, and then consult that directory when looking up
cache hits.
We only insert things into the cache if they have plausible version
numbers, so that we don't contaminate the cache with things that were not
unique. E.g. ./package might have dozens of installs done for it and build
a version of 0.0...and if we built and cached a wheel, we'd end up using
the same wheel even if the source has been edited.
:param cache_dir: The cache_dir being used by pip.
:param link: The link of the sdist for which this will cache wheels.
"""
# We want to generate an url to use as our cache key, we don't want to just
# re-use the URL because it might have other items in the fragment and we
# don't care about those.
key_parts = [link.url_without_fragment]
if link.hash_name is not None and link.hash is not None:
key_parts.append("=".join([link.hash_name, link.hash]))
key_url = "#".join(key_parts)
# Encode our key url with sha224, we'll use this because it has similar
# security properties to sha256, but with a shorter total output (and thus
# less secure). However the differences don't make a lot of difference for
# our use case here.
hashed = hashlib.sha224(key_url.encode()).hexdigest()
# We want to nest the directories some to prevent having a ton of top level
# directories where we might run out of sub directories on some FS.
parts = [hashed[:2], hashed[2:4], hashed[4:6], hashed[6:]]
# Inside of the base location for cached wheels, expand our parts and join
# them all together.
return os.path.join(cache_dir, "wheels", *parts) |
Return ( hash length ) for path using hashlib. new ( algo ) | def rehash(path, algo='sha256', blocksize=1 << 20):
"""Return (hash, length) for path using hashlib.new(algo)"""
h = hashlib.new(algo)
length = 0
with open(path, 'rb') as f:
block = f.read(blocksize)
while block:
length += len(block)
h.update(block)
block = f.read(blocksize)
digest = 'sha256=' + urlsafe_b64encode(
h.digest()
).decode('latin1').rstrip('=')
return (digest, length) |
Replace #!python with #!/ path/ to/ python Return True if file was changed. | def fix_script(path):
"""Replace #!python with #!/path/to/python
Return True if file was changed."""
# XXX RECORD hashes will need to be updated
if os.path.isfile(path):
with open(path, 'rb') as script:
firstline = script.readline()
if not firstline.startswith(b'#!python'):
return False
exename = sys.executable.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
firstline = b'#!' + exename + os.linesep.encode("ascii")
rest = script.read()
with open(path, 'wb') as script:
script.write(firstline)
script.write(rest)
return True |
Return True if the extracted wheel in wheeldir should go into purelib. | def root_is_purelib(name, wheeldir):
"""
Return True if the extracted wheel in wheeldir should go into purelib.
"""
name_folded = name.replace("-", "_")
for item in os.listdir(wheeldir):
match = dist_info_re.match(item)
if match and match.group('name') == name_folded:
with open(os.path.join(wheeldir, item, 'WHEEL')) as wheel:
for line in wheel:
line = line.lower().rstrip()
if line == "root-is-purelib: true":
return True
return False |
Yield all the uninstallation paths for dist based on RECORD - without -. pyc | def uninstallation_paths(dist):
"""
Yield all the uninstallation paths for dist based on RECORD-without-.pyc
Yield paths to all the files in RECORD. For each .py file in RECORD, add
the .pyc in the same directory.
UninstallPathSet.add() takes care of the __pycache__ .pyc.
"""
from pip.utils import FakeFile # circular import
r = csv.reader(FakeFile(dist.get_metadata_lines('RECORD')))
for row in r:
path = os.path.join(dist.location, row[0])
yield path
if path.endswith('.py'):
dn, fn = os.path.split(path)
base = fn[:-3]
path = os.path.join(dn, base + '.pyc')
yield path |
Raises errors or warns if called with an incompatible Wheel - Version. | def check_compatibility(version, name):
"""
Raises errors or warns if called with an incompatible Wheel-Version.
Pip should refuse to install a Wheel-Version that's a major series
ahead of what it's compatible with (e.g 2.0 > 1.1); and warn when
installing a version only minor version ahead (e.g 1.2 > 1.1).
version: a 2-tuple representing a Wheel-Version (Major, Minor)
name: name of wheel or package to raise exception about
:raises UnsupportedWheel: when an incompatible Wheel-Version is given
"""
if not version:
raise UnsupportedWheel(
"%s is in an unsupported or invalid wheel" % name
)
if version[0] > VERSION_COMPATIBLE[0]:
raise UnsupportedWheel(
"%s's Wheel-Version (%s) is not compatible with this version "
"of pip" % (name, '.'.join(map(str, version)))
)
elif version > VERSION_COMPATIBLE:
logger.warning(
'Installing from a newer Wheel-Version (%s)',
'.'.join(map(str, version)),
) |
Build one wheel. | def _build_one(self, req, output_dir):
"""Build one wheel.
:return: The filename of the built wheel, or None if the build failed.
"""
tempd = tempfile.mkdtemp('pip-wheel-')
try:
if self.__build_one(req, tempd):
try:
wheel_name = os.listdir(tempd)[0]
wheel_path = os.path.join(output_dir, wheel_name)
shutil.move(os.path.join(tempd, wheel_name), wheel_path)
logger.info('Stored in directory: %s', output_dir)
return wheel_path
except:
return None
return None
finally:
rmtree(tempd) |
Build wheels. | def build(self, autobuilding=False):
"""Build wheels.
:param unpack: If True, replace the sdist we built from the with the
newly built wheel, in preparation for installation.
:return: True if all the wheels built correctly.
"""
assert self._wheel_dir or (autobuilding and self._cache_root)
# unpack sdists and constructs req set
self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
reqset = self.requirement_set.requirements.values()
buildset = []
for req in reqset:
if req.is_wheel:
if not autobuilding:
logger.info(
'Skipping %s, due to already being wheel.', req.name)
elif req.editable:
if not autobuilding:
logger.info(
'Skipping bdist_wheel for %s, due to being editable',
req.name)
elif autobuilding and req.link and not req.link.is_artifact:
pass
elif autobuilding and not req.source_dir:
pass
else:
if autobuilding:
link = req.link
base, ext = link.splitext()
if pip.index.egg_info_matches(base, None, link) is None:
# Doesn't look like a package - don't autobuild a wheel
# because we'll have no way to lookup the result sanely
continue
if "binary" not in pip.index.fmt_ctl_formats(
self.finder.format_control,
pkg_resources.safe_name(req.name).lower()):
logger.info(
"Skipping bdist_wheel for %s, due to binaries "
"being disabled for it.", req.name)
continue
buildset.append(req)
if not buildset:
return True
# Build the wheels.
logger.info(
'Building wheels for collected packages: %s',
', '.join([req.name for req in buildset]),
)
with indent_log():
build_success, build_failure = [], []
for req in buildset:
if autobuilding:
output_dir = _cache_for_link(self._cache_root, req.link)
ensure_dir(output_dir)
else:
output_dir = self._wheel_dir
wheel_file = self._build_one(req, output_dir)
if wheel_file:
build_success.append(req)
if autobuilding:
# XXX: This is mildly duplicative with prepare_files,
# but not close enough to pull out to a single common
# method.
# The code below assumes temporary source dirs -
# prevent it doing bad things.
if req.source_dir and not os.path.exists(os.path.join(
req.source_dir, PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME)):
raise AssertionError(
"bad source dir - missing marker")
# Delete the source we built the wheel from
req.remove_temporary_source()
# set the build directory again - name is known from
# the work prepare_files did.
req.source_dir = req.build_location(
self.requirement_set.build_dir)
# Update the link for this.
req.link = pip.index.Link(
path_to_url(wheel_file), trusted=True)
assert req.link.is_wheel
# extract the wheel into the dir
unpack_url(
req.link, req.source_dir, None, False,
session=self.requirement_set.session)
else:
build_failure.append(req)
# notify success/failure
if build_success:
logger.info(
'Successfully built %s',
' '.join([req.name for req in build_success]),
)
if build_failure:
logger.info(
'Failed to build %s',
' '.join([req.name for req in build_failure]),
)
# Return True if all builds were successful
return len(build_failure) == 0 |
Yield names and strings used by code and its nested code objects | def iter_symbols(code):
"""Yield names and strings used by `code` and its nested code objects"""
for name in code.co_names:
yield name
for const in code.co_consts:
if isinstance(const, basestring):
yield const
elif isinstance(const, CodeType):
for name in iter_symbols(const):
yield name |
Decorator for Backend that ensures rates are fresh within last 5 mins | def ensure_fresh_rates(func):
"""Decorator for Backend that ensures rates are fresh within last 5 mins"""
def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
if self.last_updated + timedelta(minutes=5) < zulu.now():
self.refresh()
return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
return wrapper |
Return quotation between two currencies ( origin target ) | def quotation(self, origin, target):
"""Return quotation between two currencies (origin, target)"""
a = self.rate(origin)
b = self.rate(target)
if a and b:
return Decimal(b) / Decimal(a)
return None |
Add paths for egg - info files for an external egg - base. | def _add_egg_info(self, cmd):
"""
Add paths for egg-info files for an external egg-base.
The egg-info files are written to egg-base. If egg-base is
outside the current working directory, this method
searchs the egg-base directory for files to include
in the manifest. Uses distutils.filelist.findall (which is
really the version monkeypatched in by setuptools/__init__.py)
to perform the search.
Since findall records relative paths, prefix the returned
paths with cmd.egg_base, so add_default's include_pattern call
(which is looking for the absolute cmd.egg_info) will match
them.
"""
if cmd.egg_base == os.curdir:
# egg-info files were already added by something else
return
discovered = distutils.filelist.findall(cmd.egg_base)
resolved = (os.path.join(cmd.egg_base, path) for path in discovered)
self.filelist.allfiles.extend(resolved) |
Write the pip delete marker file into this directory. | def write_delete_marker_file(directory):
"""
Write the pip delete marker file into this directory.
"""
filepath = os.path.join(directory, PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME)
with open(filepath, 'w') as marker_fp:
marker_fp.write(DELETE_MARKER_MESSAGE) |
Return True if we re running inside a virtualenv False otherwise. | def running_under_virtualenv():
"""
Return True if we're running inside a virtualenv, False otherwise.
"""
if hasattr(sys, 'real_prefix'):
return True
elif sys.prefix != getattr(sys, "base_prefix", sys.prefix):
return True
return False |
Returns the effective username of the current process. | def __get_username():
""" Returns the effective username of the current process. """
if WINDOWS:
return getpass.getuser()
import pwd
return pwd.getpwuid(os.geteuid()).pw_name |
Return a distutils install scheme | def distutils_scheme(dist_name, user=False, home=None, root=None,
isolated=False):
"""
Return a distutils install scheme
"""
from distutils.dist import Distribution
scheme = {}
if isolated:
extra_dist_args = {"script_args": ["--no-user-cfg"]}
else:
extra_dist_args = {}
dist_args = {'name': dist_name}
dist_args.update(extra_dist_args)
d = Distribution(dist_args)
d.parse_config_files()
i = d.get_command_obj('install', create=True)
# NOTE: setting user or home has the side-effect of creating the home dir
# or user base for installations during finalize_options()
# ideally, we'd prefer a scheme class that has no side-effects.
i.user = user or i.user
i.home = home or i.home
i.root = root or i.root
i.finalize_options()
for key in SCHEME_KEYS:
scheme[key] = getattr(i, 'install_' + key)
if i.install_lib is not None:
# install_lib takes precedence over purelib and platlib
scheme.update(dict(purelib=i.install_lib, platlib=i.install_lib))
if running_under_virtualenv():
scheme['headers'] = os.path.join(
sys.prefix,
'include',
'site',
'python' + sys.version[:3],
dist_name,
)
if root is not None:
scheme["headers"] = os.path.join(
root,
os.path.abspath(scheme["headers"])[1:],
)
return scheme |
Parse the cache control headers returning a dictionary with values for the different directives. | def parse_cache_control(self, headers):
"""
Parse the cache control headers returning a dictionary with values
for the different directives.
"""
retval = {}
cc_header = 'cache-control'
if 'Cache-Control' in headers:
cc_header = 'Cache-Control'
if cc_header in headers:
parts = headers[cc_header].split(',')
parts_with_args = [
tuple([x.strip().lower() for x in part.split("=", 1)])
for part in parts if -1 != part.find("=")
]
parts_wo_args = [
(name.strip().lower(), 1)
for name in parts if -1 == name.find("=")
]
retval = dict(parts_with_args + parts_wo_args)
return retval |
Return a cached response if it exists in the cache otherwise return False. | def cached_request(self, request):
"""
Return a cached response if it exists in the cache, otherwise
return False.
"""
cache_url = self.cache_url(request.url)
cc = self.parse_cache_control(request.headers)
# non-caching states
no_cache = True if 'no-cache' in cc else False
if 'max-age' in cc and cc['max-age'] == 0:
no_cache = True
# Bail out if no-cache was set
if no_cache:
return False
# It is in the cache, so lets see if it is going to be
# fresh enough
resp = self.serializer.loads(request, self.cache.get(cache_url))
# Check to see if we have a cached object
if not resp:
return False
# If we have a cached 301, return it immediately. We don't
# need to test our response for other headers b/c it is
# intrinsically "cacheable" as it is Permanent.
# See:
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.4.2
#
# Client can try to refresh the value by repeating the request
# with cache busting headers as usual (ie no-cache).
if resp.status == 301:
return resp
headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(resp.headers)
if not headers or 'date' not in headers:
# With date or etag, the cached response can never be used
# and should be deleted.
if 'etag' not in headers:
self.cache.delete(cache_url)
return False
now = time.time()
date = calendar.timegm(
parsedate_tz(headers['date'])
)
current_age = max(0, now - date)
# TODO: There is an assumption that the result will be a
# urllib3 response object. This may not be best since we
# could probably avoid instantiating or constructing the
# response until we know we need it.
resp_cc = self.parse_cache_control(headers)
# determine freshness
freshness_lifetime = 0
# Check the max-age pragma in the cache control header
if 'max-age' in resp_cc and resp_cc['max-age'].isdigit():
freshness_lifetime = int(resp_cc['max-age'])
# If there isn't a max-age, check for an expires header
elif 'expires' in headers:
expires = parsedate_tz(headers['expires'])
if expires is not None:
expire_time = calendar.timegm(expires) - date
freshness_lifetime = max(0, expire_time)
# determine if we are setting freshness limit in the req
if 'max-age' in cc:
try:
freshness_lifetime = int(cc['max-age'])
except ValueError:
freshness_lifetime = 0
if 'min-fresh' in cc:
try:
min_fresh = int(cc['min-fresh'])
except ValueError:
min_fresh = 0
# adjust our current age by our min fresh
current_age += min_fresh
# see how fresh we actually are
fresh = (freshness_lifetime > current_age)
if fresh:
return resp
# we're not fresh. If we don't have an Etag, clear it out
if 'etag' not in headers:
self.cache.delete(cache_url)
# return the original handler
return False |
Algorithm for caching requests. | def cache_response(self, request, response, body=None):
"""
Algorithm for caching requests.
This assumes a requests Response object.
"""
# From httplib2: Don't cache 206's since we aren't going to
# handle byte range requests
if response.status not in [200, 203, 300, 301]:
return
response_headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(response.headers)
cc_req = self.parse_cache_control(request.headers)
cc = self.parse_cache_control(response_headers)
cache_url = self.cache_url(request.url)
# Delete it from the cache if we happen to have it stored there
no_store = cc.get('no-store') or cc_req.get('no-store')
if no_store and self.cache.get(cache_url):
self.cache.delete(cache_url)
# If we've been given an etag, then keep the response
if self.cache_etags and 'etag' in response_headers:
self.cache.set(
cache_url,
self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body=body),
)
# Add to the cache any 301s. We do this before looking that
# the Date headers.
elif response.status == 301:
self.cache.set(
cache_url,
self.serializer.dumps(request, response)
)
# Add to the cache if the response headers demand it. If there
# is no date header then we can't do anything about expiring
# the cache.
elif 'date' in response_headers:
# cache when there is a max-age > 0
if cc and cc.get('max-age'):
if int(cc['max-age']) > 0:
self.cache.set(
cache_url,
self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body=body),
)
# If the request can expire, it means we should cache it
# in the meantime.
elif 'expires' in response_headers:
if response_headers['expires']:
self.cache.set(
cache_url,
self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body=body),
) |
Update zipimporter cache data for a given normalized path. | def _update_zipimporter_cache(normalized_path, cache, updater=None):
"""
Update zipimporter cache data for a given normalized path.
Any sub-path entries are processed as well, i.e. those corresponding to zip
archives embedded in other zip archives.
Given updater is a callable taking a cache entry key and the original entry
(after already removing the entry from the cache), and expected to update
the entry and possibly return a new one to be inserted in its place.
Returning None indicates that the entry should not be replaced with a new
one. If no updater is given, the cache entries are simply removed without
any additional processing, the same as if the updater simply returned None.
"""
for p in _collect_zipimporter_cache_entries(normalized_path, cache):
# N.B. pypy's custom zipimport._zip_directory_cache implementation does
# not support the complete dict interface:
# * Does not support item assignment, thus not allowing this function
# to be used only for removing existing cache entries.
# * Does not support the dict.pop() method, forcing us to use the
# get/del patterns instead. For more detailed information see the
# following links:
# https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/issue/202/more-robust-zipimporter-cache-invalidation#comment-10495960
# https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/src/dd07756a34a41f674c0cacfbc8ae1d4cc9ea2ae4/pypy/module/zipimport/interp_zipimport.py#cl-99
old_entry = cache[p]
del cache[p]
new_entry = updater and updater(p, old_entry)
if new_entry is not None:
cache[p] = new_entry |
Load the Windows launcher ( executable ) suitable for launching a script. | def get_win_launcher(type):
"""
Load the Windows launcher (executable) suitable for launching a script.
`type` should be either 'cli' or 'gui'
Returns the executable as a byte string.
"""
launcher_fn = '%s.exe' % type
if platform.machine().lower() == 'arm':
launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-arm.")
if is_64bit():
launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-64.")
else:
launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-32.")
return resource_string('setuptools', launcher_fn) |
Return a pseudo - tempname base in the install directory. This code is intentionally naive ; if a malicious party can write to the target directory you re already in deep doodoo. | def pseudo_tempname(self):
"""Return a pseudo-tempname base in the install directory.
This code is intentionally naive; if a malicious party can write to
the target directory you're already in deep doodoo.
"""
try:
pid = os.getpid()
except:
pid = random.randint(0, maxsize)
return os.path.join(self.install_dir, "test-easy-install-%s" % pid) |
Generate a legacy script wrapper and install it | def install_script(self, dist, script_name, script_text, dev_path=None):
"""Generate a legacy script wrapper and install it"""
spec = str(dist.as_requirement())
is_script = is_python_script(script_text, script_name)
if is_script:
script_text = (ScriptWriter.get_header(script_text) +
self._load_template(dev_path) % locals())
self.write_script(script_name, _to_ascii(script_text), 'b') |
There are a couple of template scripts in the package. This function loads one of them and prepares it for use. | def _load_template(dev_path):
"""
There are a couple of template scripts in the package. This
function loads one of them and prepares it for use.
"""
# See https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/issue/134 for info
# on script file naming and downstream issues with SVR4
name = 'script.tmpl'
if dev_path:
name = name.replace('.tmpl', ' (dev).tmpl')
raw_bytes = resource_string('setuptools', name)
return raw_bytes.decode('utf-8') |
Make sure there s a site. py in the target dir if needed | def install_site_py(self):
"""Make sure there's a site.py in the target dir, if needed"""
if self.sitepy_installed:
return # already did it, or don't need to
sitepy = os.path.join(self.install_dir, "site.py")
source = resource_string("setuptools", "site-patch.py")
current = ""
if os.path.exists(sitepy):
log.debug("Checking existing site.py in %s", self.install_dir)
f = open(sitepy, 'rb')
current = f.read()
# we want str, not bytes
if PY3:
current = current.decode()
f.close()
if not current.startswith('def __boot():'):
raise DistutilsError(
"%s is not a setuptools-generated site.py; please"
" remove it." % sitepy
)
if current != source:
log.info("Creating %s", sitepy)
if not self.dry_run:
ensure_directory(sitepy)
f = open(sitepy, 'wb')
f.write(source)
f.close()
self.byte_compile([sitepy])
self.sitepy_installed = True |
Write changed. pth file back to disk | def save(self):
"""Write changed .pth file back to disk"""
if not self.dirty:
return
data = '\n'.join(map(self.make_relative, self.paths))
if data:
log.debug("Saving %s", self.filename)
data = (
"import sys; sys.__plen = len(sys.path)\n"
"%s\n"
"import sys; new=sys.path[sys.__plen:];"
" del sys.path[sys.__plen:];"
" p=getattr(sys,'__egginsert',0); sys.path[p:p]=new;"
" sys.__egginsert = p+len(new)\n"
) % data
if os.path.islink(self.filename):
os.unlink(self.filename)
f = open(self.filename, 'wt')
f.write(data)
f.close()
elif os.path.exists(self.filename):
log.debug("Deleting empty %s", self.filename)
os.unlink(self.filename)
self.dirty = False |
Workaround Jython s sys. executable being a. sh ( an invalid shebang line interpreter ) | def as_header(self):
"""
Workaround Jython's sys.executable being a .sh (an invalid
shebang line interpreter)
"""
if not is_sh(self[0]):
return super(JythonCommandSpec, self).as_header()
if self.options:
# Can't apply the workaround, leave it broken
log.warn(
"WARNING: Unable to adapt shebang line for Jython,"
" the following script is NOT executable\n"
" see http://bugs.jython.org/issue1112 for"
" more information.")
return super(JythonCommandSpec, self).as_header()
items = ['/usr/bin/env'] + self + list(self.options)
return self._render(items) |
Make sure pythonw is used for gui and and python is used for console ( regardless of what sys. executable is ). | def _adjust_header(type_, orig_header):
"""
Make sure 'pythonw' is used for gui and and 'python' is used for
console (regardless of what sys.executable is).
"""
pattern = 'pythonw.exe'
repl = 'python.exe'
if type_ == 'gui':
pattern, repl = repl, pattern
pattern_ob = re.compile(re.escape(pattern), re.IGNORECASE)
new_header = pattern_ob.sub(string=orig_header, repl=repl)
clean_header = new_header[2:-1].strip('"')
if sys.platform == 'win32' and not os.path.exists(clean_header):
# the adjusted version doesn't exist, so return the original
return orig_header
return new_header |
Convert values to an appropriate type. dicts lists and tuples are replaced by their converting alternatives. Strings are checked to see if they have a conversion format and are converted if they do. | def convert(self, value):
"""
Convert values to an appropriate type. dicts, lists and tuples are
replaced by their converting alternatives. Strings are checked to
see if they have a conversion format and are converted if they do.
"""
if not isinstance(value, ConvertingDict) and isinstance(value, dict):
value = ConvertingDict(value)
value.configurator = self
elif not isinstance(value, ConvertingList) and isinstance(value, list):
value = ConvertingList(value)
value.configurator = self
elif not isinstance(value, ConvertingTuple) and\
isinstance(value, tuple):
value = ConvertingTuple(value)
value.configurator = self
elif isinstance(value, six.string_types): # str for py3k
m = self.CONVERT_PATTERN.match(value)
if m:
d = m.groupdict()
prefix = d['prefix']
converter = self.value_converters.get(prefix, None)
if converter:
suffix = d['suffix']
converter = getattr(self, converter)
value = converter(suffix)
return value |
Add filters to a filterer from a list of names. | def add_filters(self, filterer, filters):
"""Add filters to a filterer from a list of names."""
for f in filters:
try:
filterer.addFilter(self.config['filters'][f])
except StandardError as e:
raise ValueError('Unable to add filter %r: %s' % (f, e)) |
Configure a handler from a dictionary. | def configure_handler(self, config):
"""Configure a handler from a dictionary."""
formatter = config.pop('formatter', None)
if formatter:
try:
formatter = self.config['formatters'][formatter]
except StandardError as e:
raise ValueError('Unable to set formatter '
'%r: %s' % (formatter, e))
level = config.pop('level', None)
filters = config.pop('filters', None)
if '()' in config:
c = config.pop('()')
if not hasattr(c, '__call__') and hasattr(types, 'ClassType') and type(c) != types.ClassType:
c = self.resolve(c)
factory = c
else:
klass = self.resolve(config.pop('class'))
# Special case for handler which refers to another handler
if issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.MemoryHandler) and\
'target' in config:
try:
config['target'] = self.config['handlers'][config['target']]
except StandardError as e:
raise ValueError('Unable to set target handler '
'%r: %s' % (config['target'], e))
elif issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.SMTPHandler) and\
'mailhost' in config:
config['mailhost'] = self.as_tuple(config['mailhost'])
elif issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.SysLogHandler) and\
'address' in config:
config['address'] = self.as_tuple(config['address'])
factory = klass
kwargs = dict((k, config[k]) for k in config if valid_ident(k))
try:
result = factory(**kwargs)
except TypeError as te:
if "'stream'" not in str(te):
raise
# The argument name changed from strm to stream
# Retry with old name.
# This is so that code can be used with older Python versions
#(e.g. by Django)
kwargs['strm'] = kwargs.pop('stream')
result = factory(**kwargs)
if formatter:
result.setFormatter(formatter)
if level is not None:
result.setLevel(_checkLevel(level))
if filters:
self.add_filters(result, filters)
return result |
Add handlers to a logger from a list of names. | def add_handlers(self, logger, handlers):
"""Add handlers to a logger from a list of names."""
for h in handlers:
try:
logger.addHandler(self.config['handlers'][h])
except StandardError as e:
raise ValueError('Unable to add handler %r: %s' % (h, e)) |
Perform configuration which is common to root and non - root loggers. | def common_logger_config(self, logger, config, incremental=False):
"""
Perform configuration which is common to root and non-root loggers.
"""
level = config.get('level', None)
if level is not None:
logger.setLevel(_checkLevel(level))
if not incremental:
# Remove any existing handlers
for h in logger.handlers[:]:
logger.removeHandler(h)
handlers = config.get('handlers', None)
if handlers:
self.add_handlers(logger, handlers)
filters = config.get('filters', None)
if filters:
self.add_filters(logger, filters) |
Loads a configuration from an environment variable pointing to a configuration file. This is basically just a shortcut with nicer error messages for this line of code:: | def from_envvar(self, variable_name, silent=False):
"""Loads a configuration from an environment variable pointing to
a configuration file. This is basically just a shortcut with nicer
error messages for this line of code::
app.config.from_pyfile(os.environ['YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS'])
:param variable_name: name of the environment variable
:param silent: set to `True` if you want silent failure for missing
files.
:return: bool. `True` if able to load config, `False` otherwise.
"""
rv = os.environ.get(variable_name)
if not rv:
if silent:
return False
raise RuntimeError('The environment variable %r is not set '
'and as such configuration could not be '
'loaded. Set this variable and make it '
'point to a configuration file' %
variable_name)
return self.from_pyfile(rv, silent=silent) |
Updates the values in the config from a Python file. This function behaves as if the file was imported as module with the: meth: from_object function. | def from_pyfile(self, filename, silent=False):
"""Updates the values in the config from a Python file. This function
behaves as if the file was imported as module with the
:meth:`from_object` function.
:param filename: the filename of the config. This can either be an
absolute filename or a filename relative to the
root path.
:param silent: set to `True` if you want silent failure for missing
files.
.. versionadded:: 0.7
`silent` parameter.
"""
filename = os.path.join(self.root_path, filename)
d = imp.new_module('config')
d.__file__ = filename
try:
with open(filename) as config_file:
exec(compile(config_file.read(), filename, 'exec'), d.__dict__)
except IOError as e:
if silent and e.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.EISDIR):
return False
e.strerror = 'Unable to load configuration file (%s)' % e.strerror
raise
self.from_object(d)
return True |
Updates the values from the given object. An object can be of one of the following two types: | def from_object(self, obj):
"""Updates the values from the given object. An object can be of one
of the following two types:
- a string: in this case the object with that name will be imported
- an actual object reference: that object is used directly
Objects are usually either modules or classes.
Just the uppercase variables in that object are stored in the config.
Example usage::
app.config.from_object('yourapplication.default_config')
from yourapplication import default_config
app.config.from_object(default_config)
You should not use this function to load the actual configuration but
rather configuration defaults. The actual config should be loaded
with :meth:`from_pyfile` and ideally from a location not within the
package because the package might be installed system wide.
:param obj: an import name or object
"""
if isinstance(obj, string_types):
obj = import_string(obj)
for key in dir(obj):
if key.isupper():
self[key] = getattr(obj, key) |
Python 3 implementation of execfile. | def _execfile(filename, globals, locals=None):
"""
Python 3 implementation of execfile.
"""
mode = 'rb'
with open(filename, mode) as stream:
script = stream.read()
# compile() function in Python 2.6 and 3.1 requires LF line endings.
if sys.version_info[:2] < (2, 7) or sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 0) and sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 2):
script = script.replace(b'\r\n', b'\n')
script = script.replace(b'\r', b'\n')
if locals is None:
locals = globals
code = compile(script, filename, 'exec')
exec(code, globals, locals) |
Monkey - patch tempfile. tempdir with replacement ensuring it exists | def override_temp(replacement):
"""
Monkey-patch tempfile.tempdir with replacement, ensuring it exists
"""
if not os.path.isdir(replacement):
os.makedirs(replacement)
saved = tempfile.tempdir
tempfile.tempdir = replacement
try:
yield
finally:
tempfile.tempdir = saved |
Run a distutils setup script sandboxed in its directory | def run_setup(setup_script, args):
"""Run a distutils setup script, sandboxed in its directory"""
setup_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(setup_script))
with setup_context(setup_dir):
try:
sys.argv[:] = [setup_script]+list(args)
sys.path.insert(0, setup_dir)
# reset to include setup dir, w/clean callback list
working_set.__init__()
working_set.callbacks.append(lambda dist:dist.activate())
def runner():
ns = dict(__file__=setup_script, __name__='__main__')
_execfile(setup_script, ns)
DirectorySandbox(setup_dir).run(runner)
except SystemExit as v:
if v.args and v.args[0]:
raise |
Always return a dumped ( pickled ) type and exc. If exc can t be pickled wrap it in UnpickleableException first. | def dump(cls, type, exc):
"""
Always return a dumped (pickled) type and exc. If exc can't be pickled,
wrap it in UnpickleableException first.
"""
try:
return pickle.dumps(type), pickle.dumps(exc)
except Exception:
return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc))) |
Check the revision options before checkout to compensate that tags and branches may need origin/ as a prefix. Returns the SHA1 of the branch or tag if found. | def check_rev_options(self, rev, dest, rev_options):
"""Check the revision options before checkout to compensate that tags
and branches may need origin/ as a prefix.
Returns the SHA1 of the branch or tag if found.
"""
revisions = self.get_refs(dest)
origin_rev = 'origin/%s' % rev
if origin_rev in revisions:
# remote branch
return [revisions[origin_rev]]
elif rev in revisions:
# a local tag or branch name
return [revisions[rev]]
else:
logger.warning(
"Could not find a tag or branch '%s', assuming commit.", rev,
)
return rev_options |
Prefixes stub URLs like user | def get_url_rev(self):
"""
Prefixes stub URLs like 'user@hostname:user/repo.git' with 'ssh://'.
That's required because although they use SSH they sometimes doesn't
work with a ssh:// scheme (e.g. Github). But we need a scheme for
parsing. Hence we remove it again afterwards and return it as a stub.
"""
if '://' not in self.url:
assert 'file:' not in self.url
self.url = self.url.replace('git+', 'git+ssh://')
url, rev = super(Git, self).get_url_rev()
url = url.replace('ssh://', '')
else:
url, rev = super(Git, self).get_url_rev()
return url, rev |
Walks a traceback s frames and checks if any of the frames originated in the given important module. If that is the case then we were able to import the module itself but apparently something went wrong when the module was imported. ( Eg: import of an import failed ). | def is_important_traceback(self, important_module, tb):
"""Walks a traceback's frames and checks if any of the frames
originated in the given important module. If that is the case then we
were able to import the module itself but apparently something went
wrong when the module was imported. (Eg: import of an import failed).
"""
while tb is not None:
if self.is_important_frame(important_module, tb):
return True
tb = tb.tb_next
return False |
Get an item or attribute of an object but prefer the item. | def getitem(self, obj, argument):
"""Get an item or attribute of an object but prefer the item."""
try:
return obj[argument]
except (TypeError, LookupError):
if isinstance(argument, string_types):
try:
attr = str(argument)
except Exception:
pass
else:
try:
return getattr(obj, attr)
except AttributeError:
pass
return self.undefined(obj=obj, name=argument) |
Internal hook that can be overridden to hook a different generate method in. | def _generate(self, source, name, filename, defer_init=False):
"""Internal hook that can be overridden to hook a different generate
method in.
.. versionadded:: 2.5
"""
return generate(source, self, name, filename, defer_init=defer_init) |
Finds all the templates the loader can find compiles them and stores them in target. If zip is None instead of in a zipfile the templates will be will be stored in a directory. By default a deflate zip algorithm is used to switch to the stored algorithm zip can be set to stored. | def compile_templates(self, target, extensions=None, filter_func=None,
zip='deflated', log_function=None,
ignore_errors=True, py_compile=False):
"""Finds all the templates the loader can find, compiles them
and stores them in `target`. If `zip` is `None`, instead of in a
zipfile, the templates will be will be stored in a directory.
By default a deflate zip algorithm is used, to switch to
the stored algorithm, `zip` can be set to ``'stored'``.
`extensions` and `filter_func` are passed to :meth:`list_templates`.
Each template returned will be compiled to the target folder or
zipfile.
By default template compilation errors are ignored. In case a
log function is provided, errors are logged. If you want template
syntax errors to abort the compilation you can set `ignore_errors`
to `False` and you will get an exception on syntax errors.
If `py_compile` is set to `True` .pyc files will be written to the
target instead of standard .py files. This flag does not do anything
on pypy and Python 3 where pyc files are not picked up by itself and
don't give much benefit.
.. versionadded:: 2.4
"""
from jinja2.loaders import ModuleLoader
if log_function is None:
log_function = lambda x: None
if py_compile:
if not PY2 or PYPY:
from warnings import warn
warn(Warning('py_compile has no effect on pypy or Python 3'))
py_compile = False
else:
import imp, marshal
py_header = imp.get_magic() + \
u'\xff\xff\xff\xff'.encode('iso-8859-15')
# Python 3.3 added a source filesize to the header
if sys.version_info >= (3, 3):
py_header += u'\x00\x00\x00\x00'.encode('iso-8859-15')
def write_file(filename, data, mode):
if zip:
info = ZipInfo(filename)
info.external_attr = 0o755 << 16
zip_file.writestr(info, data)
else:
f = open(os.path.join(target, filename), mode)
try:
f.write(data)
finally:
f.close()
if zip is not None:
from zipfile import ZipFile, ZipInfo, ZIP_DEFLATED, ZIP_STORED
zip_file = ZipFile(target, 'w', dict(deflated=ZIP_DEFLATED,
stored=ZIP_STORED)[zip])
log_function('Compiling into Zip archive "%s"' % target)
else:
if not os.path.isdir(target):
os.makedirs(target)
log_function('Compiling into folder "%s"' % target)
try:
for name in self.list_templates(extensions, filter_func):
source, filename, _ = self.loader.get_source(self, name)
try:
code = self.compile(source, name, filename, True, True)
except TemplateSyntaxError as e:
if not ignore_errors:
raise
log_function('Could not compile "%s": %s' % (name, e))
continue
filename = ModuleLoader.get_module_filename(name)
if py_compile:
c = self._compile(code, encode_filename(filename))
write_file(filename + 'c', py_header +
marshal.dumps(c), 'wb')
log_function('Byte-compiled "%s" as %s' %
(name, filename + 'c'))
else:
write_file(filename, code, 'w')
log_function('Compiled "%s" as %s' % (name, filename))
finally:
if zip:
zip_file.close()
log_function('Finished compiling templates') |
Returns a list of templates for this environment. This requires that the loader supports the loader s: meth: ~BaseLoader. list_templates method. | def list_templates(self, extensions=None, filter_func=None):
"""Returns a list of templates for this environment. This requires
that the loader supports the loader's
:meth:`~BaseLoader.list_templates` method.
If there are other files in the template folder besides the
actual templates, the returned list can be filtered. There are two
ways: either `extensions` is set to a list of file extensions for
templates, or a `filter_func` can be provided which is a callable that
is passed a template name and should return `True` if it should end up
in the result list.
If the loader does not support that, a :exc:`TypeError` is raised.
.. versionadded:: 2.4
"""
x = self.loader.list_templates()
if extensions is not None:
if filter_func is not None:
raise TypeError('either extensions or filter_func '
'can be passed, but not both')
filter_func = lambda x: '.' in x and \
x.rsplit('.', 1)[1] in extensions
if filter_func is not None:
x = ifilter(filter_func, x)
return x |
Determine the default cache location | def get_default_cache():
"""Determine the default cache location
This returns the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable, if set.
Otherwise, on Windows, it returns a "Python-Eggs" subdirectory of the
"Application Data" directory. On all other systems, it's "~/.python-eggs".
"""
try:
return os.environ['PYTHON_EGG_CACHE']
except KeyError:
pass
if os.name!='nt':
return os.path.expanduser('~/.python-eggs')
# XXX this may be locale-specific!
app_data = 'Application Data'
app_homes = [
# best option, should be locale-safe
(('APPDATA',), None),
(('USERPROFILE',), app_data),
(('HOMEDRIVE','HOMEPATH'), app_data),
(('HOMEPATH',), app_data),
(('HOME',), None),
# 95/98/ME
(('WINDIR',), app_data),
]
for keys, subdir in app_homes:
dirname = ''
for key in keys:
if key in os.environ:
dirname = os.path.join(dirname, os.environ[key])
else:
break
else:
if subdir:
dirname = os.path.join(dirname, subdir)
return os.path.join(dirname, 'Python-Eggs')
else:
raise RuntimeError(
"Please set the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE enviroment variable"
) |
Find eggs in zip files ; possibly multiple nested eggs. | def find_eggs_in_zip(importer, path_item, only=False):
"""
Find eggs in zip files; possibly multiple nested eggs.
"""
if importer.archive.endswith('.whl'):
# wheels are not supported with this finder
# they don't have PKG-INFO metadata, and won't ever contain eggs
return
metadata = EggMetadata(importer)
if metadata.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
yield Distribution.from_filename(path_item, metadata=metadata)
if only:
# don't yield nested distros
return
for subitem in metadata.resource_listdir('/'):
if subitem.endswith('.egg'):
subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
for dist in find_eggs_in_zip(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath), subpath):
yield dist |
Yield distributions accessible on a sys. path directory | def find_on_path(importer, path_item, only=False):
"""Yield distributions accessible on a sys.path directory"""
path_item = _normalize_cached(path_item)
if os.path.isdir(path_item) and os.access(path_item, os.R_OK):
if path_item.lower().endswith('.egg'):
# unpacked egg
yield Distribution.from_filename(
path_item, metadata=PathMetadata(
path_item, os.path.join(path_item,'EGG-INFO')
)
)
else:
# scan for .egg and .egg-info in directory
for entry in os.listdir(path_item):
lower = entry.lower()
if lower.endswith('.egg-info') or lower.endswith('.dist-info'):
fullpath = os.path.join(path_item, entry)
if os.path.isdir(fullpath):
# egg-info directory, allow getting metadata
metadata = PathMetadata(path_item, fullpath)
else:
metadata = FileMetadata(fullpath)
yield Distribution.from_location(
path_item, entry, metadata, precedence=DEVELOP_DIST
)
elif not only and lower.endswith('.egg'):
dists = find_distributions(os.path.join(path_item, entry))
for dist in dists:
yield dist
elif not only and lower.endswith('.egg-link'):
with open(os.path.join(path_item, entry)) as entry_file:
entry_lines = entry_file.readlines()
for line in entry_lines:
if not line.strip():
continue
path = os.path.join(path_item, line.rstrip())
dists = find_distributions(path)
for item in dists:
yield item
break |
Declare that package packageName is a namespace package | def declare_namespace(packageName):
"""Declare that package 'packageName' is a namespace package"""
imp.acquire_lock()
try:
if packageName in _namespace_packages:
return
path, parent = sys.path, None
if '.' in packageName:
parent = '.'.join(packageName.split('.')[:-1])
declare_namespace(parent)
if parent not in _namespace_packages:
__import__(parent)
try:
path = sys.modules[parent].__path__
except AttributeError:
raise TypeError("Not a package:", parent)
# Track what packages are namespaces, so when new path items are added,
# they can be updated
_namespace_packages.setdefault(parent,[]).append(packageName)
_namespace_packages.setdefault(packageName,[])
for path_item in path:
# Ensure all the parent's path items are reflected in the child,
# if they apply
_handle_ns(packageName, path_item)
finally:
imp.release_lock() |
Yield non - empty/ non - comment lines of a string or sequence | def yield_lines(strs):
"""Yield non-empty/non-comment lines of a string or sequence"""
if isinstance(strs, string_types):
for s in strs.splitlines():
s = s.strip()
# skip blank lines/comments
if s and not s.startswith('#'):
yield s
else:
for ss in strs:
for s in yield_lines(ss):
yield s |
Get an mro for a type or classic class | def _get_mro(cls):
"""Get an mro for a type or classic class"""
if not isinstance(cls, type):
class cls(cls, object): pass
return cls.__mro__[1:]
return cls.__mro__ |
Return an adapter factory for ob from registry | def _find_adapter(registry, ob):
"""Return an adapter factory for `ob` from `registry`"""
for t in _get_mro(getattr(ob, '__class__', type(ob))):
if t in registry:
return registry[t] |
Ensure that the parent directory of path exists | def ensure_directory(path):
"""Ensure that the parent directory of `path` exists"""
dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
os.makedirs(dirname) |
Yield entry point objects from group matching name | def iter_entry_points(self, group, name=None):
"""Yield entry point objects from `group` matching `name`
If `name` is None, yields all entry points in `group` from all
distributions in the working set, otherwise only ones matching
both `group` and `name` are yielded (in distribution order).
"""
for dist in self:
entries = dist.get_entry_map(group)
if name is None:
for ep in entries.values():
yield ep
elif name in entries:
yield entries[name] |
Invoke callback for all distributions ( including existing ones ) | def subscribe(self, callback):
"""Invoke `callback` for all distributions (including existing ones)"""
if callback in self.callbacks:
return
self.callbacks.append(callback)
for dist in self:
callback(dist) |
Is distribution dist acceptable for this environment? | def can_add(self, dist):
"""Is distribution `dist` acceptable for this environment?
The distribution must match the platform and python version
requirements specified when this environment was created, or False
is returned.
"""
return (self.python is None or dist.py_version is None
or dist.py_version==self.python) \
and compatible_platforms(dist.platform, self.platform) |
Find distribution best matching req and usable on working_set | def best_match(self, req, working_set, installer=None):
"""Find distribution best matching `req` and usable on `working_set`
This calls the ``find(req)`` method of the `working_set` to see if a
suitable distribution is already active. (This may raise
``VersionConflict`` if an unsuitable version of the project is already
active in the specified `working_set`.) If a suitable distribution
isn't active, this method returns the newest distribution in the
environment that meets the ``Requirement`` in `req`. If no suitable
distribution is found, and `installer` is supplied, then the result of
calling the environment's ``obtain(req, installer)`` method will be
returned.
"""
dist = working_set.find(req)
if dist is not None:
return dist
for dist in self[req.key]:
if dist in req:
return dist
# try to download/install
return self.obtain(req, installer) |
Give an error message for problems extracting file ( s ) | def extraction_error(self):
"""Give an error message for problems extracting file(s)"""
old_exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
cache_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
err = ExtractionError("""Can't extract file(s) to egg cache
The following error occurred while trying to extract file(s) to the Python egg
cache:
%s
The Python egg cache directory is currently set to:
%s
Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory? You can
change the cache directory by setting the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment
variable to point to an accessible directory.
""" % (old_exc, cache_path)
)
err.manager = self
err.cache_path = cache_path
err.original_error = old_exc
raise err |
Validate text as a PEP 426 environment marker ; return an exception if invalid or False otherwise. | def is_invalid_marker(cls, text):
"""
Validate text as a PEP 426 environment marker; return an exception
if invalid or False otherwise.
"""
try:
cls.evaluate_marker(text)
except SyntaxError as e:
return cls.normalize_exception(e)
return False |
Given a SyntaxError from a marker evaluation normalize the error message: - Remove indications of filename and line number. - Replace platform - specific error messages with standard error messages. | def normalize_exception(exc):
"""
Given a SyntaxError from a marker evaluation, normalize the error
message:
- Remove indications of filename and line number.
- Replace platform-specific error messages with standard error
messages.
"""
subs = {
'unexpected EOF while parsing': 'invalid syntax',
'parenthesis is never closed': 'invalid syntax',
}
exc.filename = None
exc.lineno = None
exc.msg = subs.get(exc.msg, exc.msg)
return exc |
Evaluate a PEP 426 environment marker on CPython 2. 4 +. Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment. Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid. | def evaluate_marker(cls, text, extra=None):
"""
Evaluate a PEP 426 environment marker on CPython 2.4+.
Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment.
Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid.
This implementation uses the 'parser' module, which is not implemented
on
Jython and has been superseded by the 'ast' module in Python 2.6 and
later.
"""
return cls.interpret(parser.expr(text).totuple(1)[1]) |
Evaluate a PEP 426 environment marker using markerlib. Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment. Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid. | def _markerlib_evaluate(cls, text):
"""
Evaluate a PEP 426 environment marker using markerlib.
Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment.
Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid.
"""
from pip._vendor import _markerlib
# markerlib implements Metadata 1.2 (PEP 345) environment markers.
# Translate the variables to Metadata 2.0 (PEP 426).
env = _markerlib.default_environment()
for key in env.keys():
new_key = key.replace('.', '_')
env[new_key] = env.pop(key)
try:
result = _markerlib.interpret(text, env)
except NameError as e:
raise SyntaxError(e.args[0])
return result |
Insert self. location in path before its nearest parent directory | def insert_on(self, path, loc = None):
"""Insert self.location in path before its nearest parent directory"""
loc = loc or self.location
if not loc:
return
nloc = _normalize_cached(loc)
bdir = os.path.dirname(nloc)
npath= [(p and _normalize_cached(p) or p) for p in path]
for p, item in enumerate(npath):
if item == nloc:
break
elif item == bdir and self.precedence == EGG_DIST:
# if it's an .egg, give it precedence over its directory
if path is sys.path:
self.check_version_conflict()
path.insert(p, loc)
npath.insert(p, nloc)
break
else:
if path is sys.path:
self.check_version_conflict()
path.append(loc)
return
# p is the spot where we found or inserted loc; now remove duplicates
while True:
try:
np = npath.index(nloc, p+1)
except ValueError:
break
else:
del npath[np], path[np]
# ha!
p = np
return |
Convert Foobar ( 1 ) ; baz to ( Foobar == 1 baz ) Split environment marker add == prefix to version specifiers as necessary and remove parenthesis. | def _preparse_requirement(self, requires_dist):
"""Convert 'Foobar (1); baz' to ('Foobar ==1', 'baz')
Split environment marker, add == prefix to version specifiers as
necessary, and remove parenthesis.
"""
parts = requires_dist.split(';', 1) + ['']
distvers = parts[0].strip()
mark = parts[1].strip()
distvers = re.sub(self.EQEQ, r"\1==\2\3", distvers)
distvers = distvers.replace('(', '').replace(')', '')
return (distvers, mark) |
Calls the standard formatter but will indent all of the log messages by our current indentation level. | def format(self, record):
"""
Calls the standard formatter, but will indent all of the log messages
by our current indentation level.
"""
formatted = logging.Formatter.format(self, record)
formatted = "".join([
(" " * get_indentation()) + line
for line in formatted.splitlines(True)
])
return formatted |
Return formatted currency value. | def format_currency(number, currency, format=None,
locale=LC_NUMERIC, currency_digits=True,
format_type='standard', decimal_quantization=True):
"""Return formatted currency value.
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'USD', locale='en_US')
u'$1,099.98'
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'USD', locale='es_CO')
u'US$\\xa01.099,98'
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'EUR', locale='de_DE')
u'1.099,98\\xa0\\u20ac'
The format can also be specified explicitly. The currency is
placed with the '¤' sign. As the sign gets repeated the format
expands (¤ being the symbol, ¤¤ is the currency abbreviation and
¤¤¤ is the full name of the currency):
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'EUR', u'\xa4\xa4 #,##0.00', locale='en_US')
u'EUR 1,099.98'
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'EUR', u'#,##0.00 \xa4\xa4\xa4',
... locale='en_US')
u'1,099.98 euros'
Currencies usually have a specific number of decimal digits. This function
favours that information over the given format:
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'JPY', locale='en_US')
u'\\xa51,100'
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'COP', u'#,##0.00', locale='es_ES')
u'1.100'
However, the number of decimal digits can be overriden from the currency
information, by setting the last parameter to ``False``:
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'JPY', locale='en_US', currency_digits=False)
u'\\xa51,099.98'
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'COP', u'#,##0.00', locale='es_ES',
... currency_digits=False)
u'1.099,98'
If a format is not specified the type of currency format to use
from the locale can be specified:
>>> format_currency(1099.98, 'EUR', locale='en_US', format_type='standard')
u'\\u20ac1,099.98'
When the given currency format type is not available, an exception is
raised:
>>> format_currency('1099.98', 'EUR', locale='root', format_type='unknown')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
UnknownCurrencyFormatError: "'unknown' is not a known currency format type"
By default the locale is allowed to truncate and round a high-precision
number by forcing its format pattern onto the decimal part. You can bypass
this behavior with the `decimal_quantization` parameter:
>>> format_currency(1099.9876, 'USD', locale='en_US')
u'$1,099.99'
>>> format_currency(1099.9876, 'USD', locale='en_US',
... decimal_quantization=False)
u'$1,099.9876'
:param number: the number to format
:param currency: the currency code
:param format: the format string to use
:param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier
:param currency_digits: use the currency's natural number of decimal digits
:param format_type: the currency format type to use
:param decimal_quantization: Truncate and round high-precision numbers to
the format pattern. Defaults to `True`.
"""
locale = Locale.parse(locale)
if format:
pattern = parse_pattern(format)
else:
try:
p = locale.currency_formats[format_type]
pattern = NumberPattern(
p.pattern, p.prefix, p.suffix, p.grouping, p.int_prec,
p.frac_prec, p.exp_prec, p.exp_plus)
except KeyError:
raise UnknownCurrencyFormatError(
"%r is not a known currency format type" % format_type)
return pattern.apply(
number, locale, currency=currency, currency_digits=currency_digits,
decimal_quantization=decimal_quantization) |
Parse number format patterns | def parse_pattern(pattern):
"""Parse number format patterns"""
if isinstance(pattern, NumberPattern):
return pattern
def _match_number(pattern):
rv = number_re.search(pattern)
if rv is None:
raise ValueError('Invalid number pattern %r' % pattern)
return rv.groups()
pos_pattern = pattern
# Do we have a negative subpattern?
if ';' in pattern:
pos_pattern, neg_pattern = pattern.split(';', 1)
pos_prefix, number, pos_suffix = _match_number(pos_pattern)
neg_prefix, _, neg_suffix = _match_number(neg_pattern)
else:
pos_prefix, number, pos_suffix = _match_number(pos_pattern)
neg_prefix = '-' + pos_prefix
neg_suffix = pos_suffix
if 'E' in number:
number, exp = number.split('E', 1)
else:
exp = None
if '@' in number:
if '.' in number and '0' in number:
raise ValueError('Significant digit patterns can not contain '
'"@" or "0"')
if '.' in number:
integer, fraction = number.rsplit('.', 1)
else:
integer = number
fraction = ''
def parse_precision(p):
"""Calculate the min and max allowed digits"""
min = max = 0
for c in p:
if c in '@0':
min += 1
max += 1
elif c == '#':
max += 1
elif c == ',':
continue
else:
break
return min, max
int_prec = parse_precision(integer)
frac_prec = parse_precision(fraction)
if exp:
exp_plus = exp.startswith('+')
exp = exp.lstrip('+')
exp_prec = parse_precision(exp)
else:
exp_plus = None
exp_prec = None
grouping = babel.numbers.parse_grouping(integer)
return NumberPattern(pattern, (pos_prefix, neg_prefix),
(pos_suffix, neg_suffix), grouping,
int_prec, frac_prec,
exp_prec, exp_plus) |
Return minimal quantum of a number as defined by precision. | def get_decimal_quantum(precision):
"""Return minimal quantum of a number, as defined by precision."""
assert isinstance(precision, (int, decimal.Decimal))
return decimal.Decimal(10) ** (-precision) |
Return maximum precision of a decimal instance s fractional part. Precision is extracted from the fractional part only. | def get_decimal_precision(number):
"""Return maximum precision of a decimal instance's fractional part.
Precision is extracted from the fractional part only.
"""
# Copied from: https://github.com/mahmoud/boltons/pull/59
assert isinstance(number, decimal.Decimal)
decimal_tuple = number.normalize().as_tuple()
if decimal_tuple.exponent >= 0:
return 0
return abs(decimal_tuple.exponent) |
Renders into a string a number following the defined pattern. Forced decimal quantization is active by default so we ll produce a number string that is strictly following CLDR pattern definitions. | def apply(
self, value, locale, currency=None, currency_digits=True,
decimal_quantization=True):
"""Renders into a string a number following the defined pattern.
Forced decimal quantization is active by default so we'll produce a
number string that is strictly following CLDR pattern definitions.
"""
if not isinstance(value, decimal.Decimal):
value = decimal.Decimal(str(value))
value = value.scaleb(self.scale)
# Separate the absolute value from its sign.
is_negative = int(value.is_signed())
value = abs(value).normalize()
# Prepare scientific notation metadata.
if self.exp_prec:
value, exp, exp_sign = self.scientific_notation_elements(
value, locale)
# Adjust the precision of the fractionnal part and force it to the
# currency's if neccessary.
frac_prec = self.frac_prec
if currency and currency_digits:
frac_prec = (babel.numbers.get_currency_precision(currency), ) * 2
# Bump decimal precision to the natural precision of the number if it
# exceeds the one we're about to use. This adaptative precision is only
# triggered if the decimal quantization is disabled or if a scientific
# notation pattern has a missing mandatory fractional part (as in the
# default '#E0' pattern). This special case has been extensively
# discussed at
# https://github.com/python-babel/babel/pull/494#issuecomment-307649969
if not decimal_quantization or (self.exp_prec and frac_prec == (0, 0)):
frac_prec = (frac_prec[0], max([frac_prec[1],
get_decimal_precision(value)]))
# Render scientific notation.
if self.exp_prec:
number = ''.join([
self._quantize_value(value, locale, frac_prec),
babel.numbers.get_exponential_symbol(locale),
exp_sign,
self._format_int(
str(exp), self.exp_prec[0], self.exp_prec[1], locale)])
# Is it a siginificant digits pattern?
elif '@' in self.pattern:
text = self._format_significant(value,
self.int_prec[0],
self.int_prec[1])
a, sep, b = text.partition(".")
number = self._format_int(a, 0, 1000, locale)
if sep:
number += babel.numbers.get_decimal_symbol(locale) + b
# A normal number pattern.
else:
number = self._quantize_value(value, locale, frac_prec)
retval = ''.join([
self.prefix[is_negative],
number,
self.suffix[is_negative]])
if u'¤' in retval:
retval = retval.replace(u'¤¤¤',
babel.numbers.get_currency_name(
currency, value, locale))
retval = retval.replace(u'¤¤', currency.upper())
retval = retval.replace(u'¤', babel.numbers.get_currency_symbol(
currency, locale))
return retval |
Returns normalized scientific notation components of a value. | def scientific_notation_elements(self, value, locale):
""" Returns normalized scientific notation components of a value."""
# Normalize value to only have one lead digit.
exp = value.adjusted()
value = value * get_decimal_quantum(exp)
assert value.adjusted() == 0
# Shift exponent and value by the minimum number of leading digits
# imposed by the rendering pattern. And always make that number
# greater or equal to 1.
lead_shift = max([1, min(self.int_prec)]) - 1
exp = exp - lead_shift
value = value * get_decimal_quantum(-lead_shift)
# Get exponent sign symbol.
exp_sign = ''
if exp < 0:
exp_sign = babel.numbers.get_minus_sign_symbol(locale)
elif self.exp_plus:
exp_sign = babel.numbers.get_plus_sign_symbol(locale)
# Normalize exponent value now that we have the sign.
exp = abs(exp)
return value, exp, exp_sign |
Patch functions in distutils. msvc9compiler to use the standalone compiler build for Python ( Windows only ). Fall back to original behavior when the standalone compiler is not available. | def patch_for_specialized_compiler():
"""
Patch functions in distutils.msvc9compiler to use the standalone compiler
build for Python (Windows only). Fall back to original behavior when the
standalone compiler is not available.
"""
if 'distutils' not in globals():
# The module isn't available to be patched
return
if unpatched:
# Already patched
return
unpatched.update(vars(distutils.msvc9compiler))
distutils.msvc9compiler.find_vcvarsall = find_vcvarsall
distutils.msvc9compiler.query_vcvarsall = query_vcvarsall |
Python 2. 6 compatability | def total_seconds(td):
"""Python 2.6 compatability"""
if hasattr(td, 'total_seconds'):
return td.total_seconds()
ms = td.microseconds
secs = (td.seconds + td.days * 24 * 3600)
return (ms + secs * 10**6) / 10**6 |
Yield Requirement objects for each specification in strs | def parse_requirements(strs):
"""Yield ``Requirement`` objects for each specification in `strs`
`strs` must be a string, or a (possibly-nested) iterable thereof.
"""
# create a steppable iterator, so we can handle \-continuations
lines = iter(yield_lines(strs))
def scan_list(ITEM, TERMINATOR, line, p, groups, item_name):
items = []
while not TERMINATOR(line, p):
if CONTINUE(line, p):
try:
line = next(lines)
p = 0
except StopIteration:
msg = "\\ must not appear on the last nonblank line"
raise RequirementParseError(msg)
match = ITEM(line, p)
if not match:
msg = "Expected " + item_name + " in"
raise RequirementParseError(msg, line, "at", line[p:])
items.append(match.group(*groups))
p = match.end()
match = COMMA(line, p)
if match:
# skip the comma
p = match.end()
elif not TERMINATOR(line, p):
msg = "Expected ',' or end-of-list in"
raise RequirementParseError(msg, line, "at", line[p:])
match = TERMINATOR(line, p)
# skip the terminator, if any
if match:
p = match.end()
return line, p, items
for line in lines:
match = DISTRO(line)
if not match:
raise RequirementParseError("Missing distribution spec", line)
project_name = match.group(1)
p = match.end()
extras = []
match = OBRACKET(line, p)
if match:
p = match.end()
line, p, extras = scan_list(
DISTRO, CBRACKET, line, p, (1,), "'extra' name"
)
line, p, specs = scan_list(VERSION, LINE_END, line, p, (1, 2),
"version spec")
specs = [(op, val) for op, val in specs]
yield Requirement(project_name, specs, extras) |
Set up global resource manager ( deliberately not state - saved ) | def _initialize(g=globals()):
"Set up global resource manager (deliberately not state-saved)"
manager = ResourceManager()
g['_manager'] = manager
for name in dir(manager):
if not name.startswith('_'):
g[name] = getattr(manager, name) |
Prepare the master working set and make the require () API available. | def _initialize_master_working_set():
"""
Prepare the master working set and make the ``require()``
API available.
This function has explicit effects on the global state
of pkg_resources. It is intended to be invoked once at
the initialization of this module.
Invocation by other packages is unsupported and done
at their own risk.
"""
working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
_declare_state('object', working_set=working_set)
require = working_set.require
iter_entry_points = working_set.iter_entry_points
add_activation_listener = working_set.subscribe
run_script = working_set.run_script
# backward compatibility
run_main = run_script
# Activate all distributions already on sys.path, and ensure that
# all distributions added to the working set in the future (e.g. by
# calling ``require()``) will get activated as well.
add_activation_listener(lambda dist: dist.activate())
working_set.entries=[]
# match order
list(map(working_set.add_entry, sys.path))
globals().update(locals()) |
Protect against re - patching the distutils if reloaded | def _get_unpatched(cls):
"""Protect against re-patching the distutils if reloaded
Also ensures that no other distutils extension monkeypatched the distutils
first.
"""
while cls.__module__.startswith('setuptools'):
cls, = cls.__bases__
if not cls.__module__.startswith('distutils'):
raise AssertionError(
"distutils has already been patched by %r" % cls
)
return cls |
Workaround issue #197 - Python 3 prior to 3. 2. 2 uses an environment - local encoding to save the pkg_info. Monkey - patch its write_pkg_info method to correct this undesirable behavior. | def _patch_distribution_metadata_write_pkg_info():
"""
Workaround issue #197 - Python 3 prior to 3.2.2 uses an environment-local
encoding to save the pkg_info. Monkey-patch its write_pkg_info method to
correct this undesirable behavior.
"""
environment_local = (3,) <= sys.version_info[:3] < (3, 2, 2)
if not environment_local:
return
# from Python 3.4
def write_pkg_info(self, base_dir):
"""Write the PKG-INFO file into the release tree.
"""
with open(os.path.join(base_dir, 'PKG-INFO'), 'w',
encoding='UTF-8') as pkg_info:
self.write_pkg_file(pkg_info)
distutils.dist.DistributionMetadata.write_pkg_info = write_pkg_info |
Verify that extras_require mapping is valid | def check_extras(dist, attr, value):
"""Verify that extras_require mapping is valid"""
try:
for k,v in value.items():
if ':' in k:
k,m = k.split(':',1)
if pkg_resources.invalid_marker(m):
raise DistutilsSetupError("Invalid environment marker: "+m)
list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(v))
except (TypeError,ValueError,AttributeError):
raise DistutilsSetupError(
"'extras_require' must be a dictionary whose values are "
"strings or lists of strings containing valid project/version "
"requirement specifiers."
) |
Verify that install_requires is a valid requirements list | def check_requirements(dist, attr, value):
"""Verify that install_requires is a valid requirements list"""
try:
list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(value))
except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
tmpl = (
"{attr!r} must be a string or list of strings "
"containing valid project/version requirement specifiers; {error}"
)
raise DistutilsSetupError(tmpl.format(attr=attr, error=error)) |
Fetch an egg needed for building | def fetch_build_egg(self, req):
"""Fetch an egg needed for building"""
try:
cmd = self._egg_fetcher
cmd.package_index.to_scan = []
except AttributeError:
from setuptools.command.easy_install import easy_install
dist = self.__class__({'script_args':['easy_install']})
dist.parse_config_files()
opts = dist.get_option_dict('easy_install')
keep = (
'find_links', 'site_dirs', 'index_url', 'optimize',
'site_dirs', 'allow_hosts'
)
for key in list(opts):
if key not in keep:
del opts[key] # don't use any other settings
if self.dependency_links:
links = self.dependency_links[:]
if 'find_links' in opts:
links = opts['find_links'][1].split() + links
opts['find_links'] = ('setup', links)
install_dir = self.get_egg_cache_dir()
cmd = easy_install(
dist, args=["x"], install_dir=install_dir, exclude_scripts=True,
always_copy=False, build_directory=None, editable=False,
upgrade=False, multi_version=True, no_report=True, user=False
)
cmd.ensure_finalized()
self._egg_fetcher = cmd
return cmd.easy_install(req) |
Handle include () for list/ tuple attrs without a special handler | def _include_misc(self,name,value):
"""Handle 'include()' for list/tuple attrs without a special handler"""
if not isinstance(value,sequence):
raise DistutilsSetupError(
"%s: setting must be a list (%r)" % (name, value)
)
try:
old = getattr(self,name)
except AttributeError:
raise DistutilsSetupError(
"%s: No such distribution setting" % name
)
if old is None:
setattr(self,name,value)
elif not isinstance(old,sequence):
raise DistutilsSetupError(
name+": this setting cannot be changed via include/exclude"
)
else:
setattr(self,name,old+[item for item in value if item not in old]) |
Roll n - sided dice and return each result and the total | def do_dice_roll():
"""
Roll n-sided dice and return each result and the total
"""
options = get_options()
dice = Dice(options.sides)
rolls = [dice.roll() for n in range(options.number)]
for roll in rolls:
print('rolled', roll)
if options.number > 1:
print('total', sum(rolls)) |
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