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{-# LANGUAGE NoImplicitPrelude #-} {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} module Betfair.StreamingAPI.API.ToRequest ( ToRequest , toRequest ) where -- import Protolude import Betfair.StreamingAPI.API.Request import qualified Betfair.StreamingAPI.Requests.AuthenticationMessage as A import qualified Betfair.StreamingAPI.Requests.HeartbeatMessage as H import qualified Betfair.StreamingAPI.Requests.MarketSubscriptionMessage as M import qualified Betfair.StreamingAPI.Requests.OrderSubscriptionMessage as O class ToRequest a where toRequest :: a -> Request instance ToRequest A.AuthenticationMessage where toRequest a = Authentication a instance ToRequest H.HeartbeatMessage where toRequest a = Heartbeat a instance ToRequest M.MarketSubscriptionMessage where toRequest a = MarketSubscribe a instance ToRequest O.OrderSubscriptionMessage where toRequest a = OrderSubscribe a
joe9/streaming-betfair-api
src/Betfair/StreamingAPI/API/ToRequest.hs
Haskell
mit
917
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} {-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-} import Data.Attoparsec.ByteString.Char8 hiding (take) import qualified Data.ByteString as B import Control.Applicative import Data.List (sortBy, groupBy, maximumBy, transpose) import Data.Ord (comparing) import Data.Function (on) import qualified Data.MultiSet as MS main :: IO () main = do deer <- parseAssert pHerd <$> B.readFile "input.txt" let time = 2503 print . snd . maxOccur $ scores time deer maxOccur :: Ord a => MS.MultiSet a -> (a, Int) maxOccur = maximumBy (comparing snd) . MS.toOccurList scores :: Time -> [Reindeer] -> MS.MultiSet Reindeer scores time deer = MS.fromList . concat . take time . zipManyWith best $ deer_dists where best = map fst . last . groupBy ((==) `on` snd) . sortBy (comparing snd) best :: [(Reindeer, Distance)] -> [Reindeer] deer_dists = map single_dists deer deer_dists :: [[(Reindeer, Distance)]] single_dists d = map ((,) d) $ distances d single_dists :: Reindeer -> [(Reindeer, Distance)] zipManyWith :: ([a] -> b) -> [[a]] -> [b] zipManyWith f = map f . transpose distances :: Reindeer -> [Distance] distances = tail . scanl (+) 0 . gains traveled :: Time -> Reindeer -> Distance traveled t = sum . take t . gains gains :: Reindeer -> [Distance] gains Reindeer{..} = cycle $ replicate flyTime speed ++ replicate restTime 0 pHerd :: Parser [Reindeer] pHerd = pReindeer `sepBy` endOfLine <* ending where ending = many endOfLine <* endOfInput pReindeer :: Parser Reindeer pReindeer = Reindeer <$> pName <* " can fly " <*> decimal <* " km/s for " <*> decimal <* " seconds, but then must rest for " <*> decimal <* " seconds." where pName = many letter_ascii data Reindeer = Reindeer { name :: String, speed :: Int, flyTime :: Int, restTime :: Int } deriving (Eq, Show, Ord) type Distance = Int type Time = Int parseAssert :: Parser a -> B.ByteString -> a parseAssert parser input = case parseOnly parser input of Right p -> p Left err -> error $ "Bad parse: " ++ err
devonhollowood/adventofcode
2015/day14/day14.hs
Haskell
mit
2,114
lucky :: Int -> String lucky 7 = "LUCKY NUMBER SEVEN!" lucky x = "Sorry, you're out of luck, pal!" sayMe :: Int -> String sayMe 1 = "One!" sayMe 2 = "Two!" sayMe 3 = "Three!" sayMe 4 = "Four!" sayMe 5 = "Five!" sayMe x = "Not between 1 and 5" factrial :: Int -> Int factrial 0 = 1 factrial n = n * factrial (n - 1) addVectors :: (Double, Double) -> (Double, Double) -> (Double, Double) addVectors (x1, y1) (x2, y2) = (x1 + x2, y1 + y2) first :: (a, b, c) -> a first (x, _, _) = x second :: (a, b, c) -> b second (_, y, _) = y third :: (a, b, c) -> c third (_, _, z) = z xs = [(1, 3), (4, 3), (2, 4)] {- [a + b | (a, b) <- xs] -} {- head' :: [a] -> a -} {- head' [] = error "Can't call head on an empty list." -} {- head' (x:_) = x -} head' :: [a] -> a head' xs = case xs of [] -> error "Can't call head on an empty list." (x:_) -> x tell :: (Show a) => [a] -> String tell [] = "The list is empty" tell (x:[]) = "The list is one element: " ++ show x tell (x:y:[]) = "The list is two elements: " ++ show x ++ " and " ++ show y tell (x:y:_) = "This list is long. The first two elements are: " ++ show x ++ " and " ++ show y firstLetter :: String -> String firstLetter "" = "Empty string, whoops!" firstLetter all@(x:xs) = "The first letter of " ++ all ++ " is " ++ [x] bmiTell :: Double -> Double -> String bmiTell weight height | weight / height ^ 2 <= 18.5 = "You're underweight!" | weight / height ^ 2 <= 25.0 = "You're supposedly normal." | weight / height ^ 2 <= 30.0 = "You're overweight!" | otherwise = "You're a whale, congratulations!" {- bmiTell' :: Double -> Double -> String -} {- bmiTell' weight height -} {- | bmi <= 18.5 = "You're underweight!" -} {- | bmi <= 25.0 = "You're supposedly normal." -} {- | bmi <= 30.0 = "You're overweight!" -} {- | otherwise = "You're a whale, congratulations!" -} {- where bmi = weight / height ^ 2 -} {- bmiTell' :: Double -> Double -> String -} {- bmiTell' weight height -} {- | bmi <= underweight = "You're underweight!" -} {- | bmi <= normal = "You're supposedly normal." -} {- | bmi <= overweight = "You're overweight!" -} {- | otherwise = "You're a whale, congratulations!" -} {- where bmi = weight / height ^ 2 -} {- underweight = 18.5 -} {- normal = 25.0 -} {- overweight = 30.0 -} bmiTell' :: Double -> Double -> String bmiTell' weight height | bmi <= underweight = "You're underweight!" | bmi <= normal = "You're supposedly normal." | bmi <= overweight = "You're overweight!" | otherwise = "You're a whale, congratulations!" where bmi = weight / height ^ 2 (underweight, normal, overweight) = (18.5, 25.0, 30.0) max' :: (Ord a) => a -> a -> a max' a b | a <= b = b | otherwise = a myCompare :: (Ord a) => a -> a -> Ordering a `myCompare` b | a == b = EQ | a <= b = LT | otherwise = GT badGreeting :: String badGreeting = "Who are you?" niceGreeting :: String niceGreeting = "Hello!" greet :: String -> String greet "Juan" = niceGreeting ++ " Juan!" greet "Fernando" = niceGreeting ++ " Fernando!" greet name = badGreeting ++ " " ++ name initials :: String -> String -> String initials firstname lastname = [f] ++ ". " ++ [l] ++ "." where (f:_) = firstname (l:_) = lastname calcBmis :: [(Double, Double)] -> [Double] calcBmis xs = [bmi w h | (w, h) <- xs] where bmi weight height = weight / height ^ 2 {- calcBmis' :: [(Double, Double)] -> [Double] -} {- calcBmis' xs = [bmi | (w, h) <- xs, let bmi = w / h ^ 2] -} calcBmis' :: [(Double, Double)] -> [Double] calcBmis' xs = [bmi | (w, h) <- xs, let bmi = w / h ^ 2, bmi > 25.0] cylinder :: Double -> Double -> Double cylinder r h = let sideArea = 2 * pi * r * h topArea = pi * r ^ 2 in sideArea * topArea {- 4 * (let a = 9 in a + 1) + 2 -} {- 42 -} {- [let square x = x * x in (square 5, square 3, square 2)] -} {- [(25,9,4)] -} {- (let a = 100; b = 200; c = 300 in a * b * c, -} {- let foo = "Hey "; bar = "there!" in foo ++ bar) -} {- (6000000,"Hey there!") -} {- (let (a, b, c) = (1, 2, 3) in a + b + c) * 100 -} {- 600 -} describeList :: [a] -> String describeList ls = "The list is " ++ case ls of [] -> "empty." [x] -> "a singleton list." xs -> "a longer list." describeList' :: [a] -> String describeList' ls = "The list is " ++ what ls where what [] = "empty." what [x] = "a singleton list." what xs = "a longer list."
yhoshino11/learning_haskell
ch3.hs
Haskell
mit
4,601
module Compiler.GCC.JIT.Monad.Result where import Compiler.GCC.JIT.Monad.Utilities import Compiler.GCC.JIT.Monad.Types import Compiler.GCC.JIT.Foreign.Types import Compiler.GCC.JIT.Foreign.Context import Foreign.Ptr import Data.ByteString (ByteString) import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO) -- * Result functions -- | Create a result from the current context withResult :: (JITResult -> JITState s a) -> JITState s a withResult f = do rez <- compile ret <- f rez release rez return ret -- | Compile the current context and return the result, it is recomend to use 'withResult' instead since you will have to manually free the result from this function with 'releaseResult' compile :: JITState s JITResult compile = inContext contextCompile -- | gcc_jit_result_get_code getCode :: JITResult -> ByteString -- ^ Function name -> JITState s (FunPtr a) getCode = liftIO2 resultGetCode -- | gcc_jit_result_get_global getGlobal :: JITResult -> ByteString -- ^ Global name -> JITState s (Ptr a) getGlobal = liftIO2 resultGetGlobal -- | Compile the current context to a file compileToFile :: JITOutputKind -- ^ Output file type -> ByteString -- ^ Output file path -> JITState s () compileToFile = inContext2 contextCompileToFile
Slowki/hgccjit
src/Compiler/GCC/JIT/Monad/Result.hs
Haskell
mit
1,311
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | -- Module : Aether.Parser -- Copyright : (c) Allen Guo 2013 -- License : MIT -- -- Maintainer : Allen Guo <guoguo12@gmail.com> -- Stability : alpha -- -- This module contains several simple XML-parsing regex -- functions, as well as other text utility functions. -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- module Aether.Parser ( extractBetween , extractAllAttrValues , extractAttrValue , trim ) where import Data.Text (pack, strip, unpack) import Text.Regex (matchRegex, mkRegex, mkRegexWithOpts, splitRegex) -- | Given a list of strings, returns those strings that are -- non-null as a list. nonNull :: [String] -> [String] nonNull = filter (/= []) -- | Returns the given string with whitespace trimmed. trim :: String -> String trim = unpack . strip . pack -- | A utility regex function that returns the first match found with -- the given text and regex string. Returns an empty string if no matches -- are found. stdRegex :: String -> String -> String stdRegex text regex = case matchRegex (mkRegexWithOpts regex False False) text of Nothing -> "" Just matches -> head matches -- | @extractBetween text start end@ will return the portion of @text@ between -- @start@ and @end@ as a string. extractBetween :: String -> String -> String -> String extractBetween start end text = stdRegex text $ start ++ "(.*)" ++ end -- | @extractAttrValue text attr@, where @text@ is a XML string, returns -- the value of the first instance of the XML attribute @attr@. Returns -- an empty string If no instances of @attr@ exist in the given XML string. extractAttrValue :: String -> String -> String extractAttrValue attr text = case extractAllAttrValues attr text of [] -> "" xs -> head xs -- | @extractAllAttrValues text attr@, where @text@ is a XML string, returns -- the values of all instances of the XML attribute @attr@. extractAllAttrValues :: String -> String -> [String] extractAllAttrValues attr text = nonNull $ map extract chunks where extract = flip stdRegex (attr ++ "=\"([^\"]*)\"") chunks = splitRegex (mkRegex "<") text
guoguo12/aether
src/Aether/Parser.hs
Haskell
mit
2,275
module Main where import Primes import Digits import Data.List isPandigital :: Int -> Bool isPandigital num = [1..length numDigits] == (sort numDigits) where numDigits = digits num biggestPandigitalPrime = head [ x | x <- downwards(7654321), isPandigital x, isPrime x ] where downwards num = num:downwards(num-1) main = print $ biggestPandigitalPrime
kliuchnikau/project-euler
041/Main.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
367
{-# LANGUAGE TypeSynonymInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-} {-# LANGUAGE NoImplicitPrelude #-} {-# LANGUAGE TupleSections #-} module Tetris.Board where import Control.Lens import Data.Bool import Data.Maybe import Data.Monoid import Data.Eq import Data.Function (($),flip) import Data.Functor (fmap) import Data.Int import Data.Ord (compare) import qualified Data.List as List import Data.Set import Data.String import GHC.Num import GHC.Show import Prelude (error) import Tetris.Coord -- | The board is a Set that contains occupied coords type Board = Set Coord -- Check if a row of the board is full, ie if all the columns are in the board isFull :: Board -> Row -> Bool isFull board row = List.all (\col -> (row,col) `member` board) allColumns -- Erase rows by removing them from the board eraseRows :: [Row] -> Board -> Board eraseRows rows = (\\ coordsToRemove) where coordsToRemove = fromList $ List.concatMap (\c -> fmap (,c) rows) allColumns -- the game is over when the highest row is not empty (ie we touched the ceil) isGameOver :: Board -> Bool isGameOver board = List.any (\c -> (Digit Zero,c) `member` board) allColumns -- We start from the row with the highest "toInt" value (that is the lowest -- row that change in the board) and the we replace each line when we encounter -- it. -- -- We then clean the first n rows where n is the number of rows to remove collapseRows :: [Row] -> Board -> Board collapseRows [] board = board collapseRows uFullRows board = let (i,board',_) = List.foldl' collapseRow (0,board,sFullRows) rowsToChange -- i - 1 because, e.g., if all rows must be removed then i == 22 but we need 21 (the maxBound) in case fromInt (i-1) of -- this error should never occur because i should always be in the -- rows range, if happens then raise error Nothing -> throwError $ "The row to erase cannot have number " <> show (i-1) -- remove the first rows because they fell below Just lastRow -> eraseRows (fromTo (Digit Zero) lastRow) board' where sFullRows = List.sortBy (flip compare) uFullRows -- reverse sorting rowsToChange = List.reverse $ fromTo (Digit Zero) $ List.head sFullRows collapseRow :: (Int,Board,[Row]) -> Row -> (Int,Board,[Row]) collapseRow (i,cBoard,frs) currRow = case uncons frs of -- when cr == h, the row should be eliminated: -- skip it and replace it later Just (h,t) -> if currRow == h then (i+1,cBoard,t) else collapseRow' i cBoard currRow `extendWith` frs Nothing -> collapseRow' i cBoard currRow `extendWith` frs extendWith :: (a,b) -> c -> (a,b,c) (x,y) `extendWith` z = (x,y,z) -- row to keep but move => copy this row i rows below collapseRow' :: Int -> Board -> Row -> (Int,Board) collapseRow' i cBoard currRow = let maybeRowToReplace = fromInt (i + toInt currRow) in case maybeRowToReplace of -- should not happen because we start from a row to replace, -- if happens then raise error Nothing -> throwError $ "The row to replace cannot have number " <> show (i + toInt currRow) Just rowToReplace -> -- remove the row to replace and then shift the current row let cBoard' = cBoard \\ makeFullRow rowToReplace newRow = fromList $ fmap (rowToReplace,) $ List.foldl' (\l c -> if (currRow,c) `member` cBoard then c:l else l) [] allColumns in (i,cBoard' `union` newRow) makeFullRow :: Row -> Set Coord makeFullRow row = fromList $ fmap (row,) allColumns -- this will be used for "impossible" state errors to exit asap from the -- program throwError :: String -> a throwError = error
melrief/tetris
src/Tetris/Board.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
3,981
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-} {-| PyType helper for Ganeti Haskell code. -} {- Copyright (C) 2013 Google Inc. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. -} module Ganeti.THH.PyType ( PyType(..) , pyType , pyOptionalType ) where import Control.Applicative import Control.Monad import Data.List (intercalate) import Language.Haskell.TH import Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax (Lift(..)) import Ganeti.PyValue -- | Represents a Python encoding of types. data PyType = PTMaybe PyType | PTApp PyType [PyType] | PTOther String | PTAny | PTDictOf | PTListOf | PTNone | PTObject | PTOr | PTSetOf | PTTupleOf deriving (Show, Eq, Ord) -- TODO: We could use th-lift to generate this instance automatically. instance Lift PyType where lift (PTMaybe x) = [| PTMaybe x |] lift (PTApp tf as) = [| PTApp tf as |] lift (PTOther i) = [| PTOther i |] lift PTAny = [| PTAny |] lift PTDictOf = [| PTDictOf |] lift PTListOf = [| PTListOf |] lift PTNone = [| PTNone |] lift PTObject = [| PTObject |] lift PTOr = [| PTOr |] lift PTSetOf = [| PTSetOf |] lift PTTupleOf = [| PTTupleOf |] instance PyValue PyType where -- Use lib/ht.py type aliases to avoid Python creating redundant -- new match functions for commonly used OpCode param types. showValue (PTMaybe (PTOther "NonEmptyString")) = ht "MaybeString" showValue (PTMaybe (PTOther "Bool")) = ht "MaybeBool" showValue (PTMaybe PTDictOf) = ht "MaybeDict" showValue (PTMaybe PTListOf) = ht "MaybeList" showValue (PTMaybe x) = ptApp (ht "Maybe") [x] showValue (PTApp tf as) = ptApp (showValue tf) as showValue (PTOther i) = ht i showValue PTAny = ht "Any" showValue PTDictOf = ht "DictOf" showValue PTListOf = ht "ListOf" showValue PTNone = ht "None" showValue PTObject = ht "Object" showValue PTOr = ht "Or" showValue PTSetOf = ht "SetOf" showValue PTTupleOf = ht "TupleOf" ht :: String -> String ht = ("ht.T" ++) ptApp :: String -> [PyType] -> String ptApp name ts = name ++ "(" ++ intercalate ", " (map showValue ts) ++ ")" -- | Converts a Haskell type name into a Python type name. pyTypeName :: Name -> PyType pyTypeName name = case nameBase name of "()" -> PTNone "Map" -> PTDictOf "Set" -> PTSetOf "ListSet" -> PTSetOf "Either" -> PTOr "GenericContainer" -> PTDictOf "JSValue" -> PTAny "JSObject" -> PTObject str -> PTOther str -- | Converts a Haskell type into a Python type. pyType :: Type -> Q PyType pyType t | not (null args) = PTApp `liftM` pyType fn `ap` mapM pyType args where (fn, args) = pyAppType t pyType (ConT name) = return $ pyTypeName name pyType ListT = return PTListOf pyType (TupleT 0) = return PTNone pyType (TupleT _) = return PTTupleOf pyType typ = fail $ "unhandled case for type " ++ show typ -- | Returns a type and its type arguments. pyAppType :: Type -> (Type, [Type]) pyAppType = g [] where g as (AppT typ1 typ2) = g (typ2 : as) typ1 g as typ = (typ, as) -- | @pyType opt typ@ converts Haskell type @typ@ into a Python type, -- where @opt@ determines if the converted type is optional (i.e., -- Maybe). pyOptionalType :: Bool -> Type -> Q PyType pyOptionalType True typ = PTMaybe <$> pyType typ pyOptionalType False typ = pyType typ
yiannist/ganeti
src/Ganeti/THH/PyType.hs
Haskell
bsd-2-clause
4,876
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies, TypeOperators, TupleSections #-} {-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wall #-} ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | -- Module : FunctorCombo.Holey -- Copyright : (c) Conal Elliott 2010 -- License : BSD3 -- -- Maintainer : conal@conal.net -- Stability : experimental -- -- Filling and extracting derivatives (one-hole contexts) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- module FunctorCombo.Holey (Loc,Holey(..),fill) where import Control.Arrow (first,second) import FunctorCombo.Functor import FunctorCombo.Derivative {-------------------------------------------------------------------- Extraction --------------------------------------------------------------------} -- | Location, i.e., one-hole context and a value for the hole. type Loc f a = (Der f a, a) -- | Alternative interface for 'fillC'. fill :: Holey f => Loc f a -> f a fill = uncurry fillC -- | Filling and creating one-hole contexts class Functor f => Holey f where fillC :: Der f a -> a -> f a -- ^ Fill a hole extract :: f a -> f (Loc f a) -- ^ All extractions -- The Functor constraint simplifies several signatures below. instance Holey (Const z) where fillC = voidF extract (Const z) = Const z instance Holey Id where fillC (Const ()) = Id extract (Id a) = Id (Const (), a) -- fillC (Const ()) a = Id a -- fill (Const (), a) = Id a instance (Holey f, Holey g) => Holey (f :+: g) where fillC (InL df) = InL . fillC df fillC (InR df) = InR . fillC df extract (InL fa) = InL ((fmap.first) InL (extract fa)) extract (InR ga) = InR ((fmap.first) InR (extract ga)) -- fillC (InL df) a) = InL (fillC df a) -- fillC (InR df) a) = InR (fillC df a) -- fill (InL df, a) = InL (fill (df, a)) -- fill (InR df, a) = InR (fill (df, a)) -- fillC = eitherF ((result.result) InL fillC) ((result.result) InR fillC) {- InL fa :: (f :+: g) a fa :: f a extract fa :: f (Loc f a) (fmap.first) InL (extract fa) :: f ((Der f :+: Der g) a, a) (fmap.first) InL (extract fa) :: f ((Der (f :+: g) a), a) InL ((fmap.first) InL (extract fa)) :: (f :+: g) ((Der (f :+: g) a), a) -} -- Der (f :*: g) = Der f :*: g :+: f :*: Der g instance (Holey f, Holey g) => Holey (f :*: g) where fillC (InL (dfa :*: ga)) = (:*: ga) . fillC dfa fillC (InR ( fa :*: dga)) = (fa :*:) . fillC dga extract (fa :*: ga) = (fmap.first) (InL . (:*: ga)) (extract fa) :*: (fmap.first) (InR . (fa :*:)) (extract ga) -- fillC (InL (dfa :*: ga)) a = fillC dfa a :*: ga -- fillC (InR ( fa :*: dga)) a = fa :*: fillC dga a -- fill (InL (dfa :*: ga), a) = fill (dfa, a) :*: ga -- fill (InR ( fa :*: dga), a) = fa :*: fill (dga, a) {- fa :*: ga :: (f :*: g) a fa :: f a extract fa :: f (Loc f a) (fmap.first) (:*: ga) (extract fa) :: f ((Der f :*: g) a, a) (fmap.first) (InL . (:*: ga)) (extract fa) :: f (((Der f :*: g) :+: (f :*: Der g)) a, a) (fmap.first) (InL . (:*: ga)) (extract fa) :: f ((Der (f :*: g)) a, a) (fmap.first) (InR . (fa :*:)) (extract ga) :: g ((Der (f :*: g)) a, a) (fmap.first) (InL . (:*: ga)) (extract fa) :*: (fmap.first) (InR . (fa :*:)) (extract ga) :: (f :*: g) (Der (f :*: g) a, a) -} -- type instance Der (g :. f) = Der g :. f :*: Der f lassoc :: (p,(q,r)) -> ((p,q),r) lassoc (p,(q,r)) = ((p,q),r) squishP :: Functor f => (a, f b) -> f (a,b) squishP (a,fb) = fmap (a,) fb tweak1 :: Functor f => (dg (fa), f (dfa, a)) -> f ((dg (fa), dfa), a) tweak1 = fmap lassoc . squishP chainRule :: (dg (f a), df a) -> ((dg :. f) :*: df) a chainRule (dgfa, dfa) = O dgfa :*: dfa tweak2 :: Functor f => (dg (f a), f (df a, a)) -> f (((dg :. f) :*: df) a, a) tweak2 = (fmap.first) chainRule . tweak1 -- And more specifically, -- -- tweak2 :: Functor f => (Der g (f a), f (Loc f a)) -> f (((Der g :. f) :*: Der f) a, a) -- tweak2 :: Functor f => (Der g (f a), f (Loc f a)) -> f (Der (g :. f) a, a) -- tweak2 :: Functor f => (Der g (f a), f (Loc f a)) -> f (Loc (g :. f) a) {- (dg fa, f (dfa,a)) f (dg fa, (df,a)) f ((dg fa, dfa), a) -} extractGF :: (Holey f, Holey g) => g (f a) -> g (f (Loc (g :. f) a)) extractGF = fmap (tweak2 . second extract) . extract {- gfa :: g (f a) extract gfa :: g (Der g (f a), f a) fmap (second extract) (extract gfa) :: g (Der g (f a), f (Loc f a)) fmap (tweak2 . second extract) (extract gfa) :: g (f (Loc (g :. f) a)) -} -- Der (g :. f) = Der g :. f :*: Der f instance (Holey f, Holey g) => Holey (g :. f) where fillC (O dgfa :*: dfa) = O. fillC dgfa . fillC dfa -- fillC (O dgfa :*: dfa) a = O (fillC dgfa (fillC dfa a)) -- extract (O gfa) = O (extractGF gfa) extract = inO extractGF -- fill (O dgfa :*: dfa, a) = O (fill (dgfa, fill (dfa, a))) {- O dgfa :*: dfa :: Der (g :. f) a O dgfa :*: dfa :: (Der g :. f :*: Der f) a dgfa :: Der g (f a) dfa :: Der f a fillC dfa a :: f a fillC dgfa (fillC dfa a) :: g (f a) O (fillC dgfa (fillC dfa a)) :: (g :. f) a -}
conal/functor-combo
src/FunctorCombo/Holey.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
5,004
{-# LANGUAGE ViewPatterns, RecordWildCards #-} module Cabal( Cabal(..), CabalSection(..), CabalSectionType, parseCabal, selectCabalFile, selectHiFiles ) where import System.IO.Extra import System.Directory.Extra import System.FilePath import qualified Data.HashMap.Strict as Map import Util import Data.Char import Data.Maybe import Data.List.Extra import Data.Tuple.Extra import Data.Either.Extra import Data.Semigroup import Prelude selectCabalFile :: FilePath -> IO FilePath selectCabalFile dir = do xs <- listFiles dir case filter ((==) ".cabal" . takeExtension) xs of [x] -> return x _ -> fail $ "Didn't find exactly 1 cabal file in " ++ dir -- | Return the (exposed Hi files, internal Hi files, not found) selectHiFiles :: FilePath -> Map.HashMap FilePathEq a -> CabalSection -> ([a], [a], [ModuleName]) selectHiFiles distDir his sect@CabalSection{..} = (external, internal, bad1++bad2) where (bad1, external) = partitionEithers $ [findHi his sect $ Left cabalMainIs | cabalMainIs /= ""] ++ [findHi his sect $ Right x | x <- cabalExposedModules] (bad2, internal) = partitionEithers [findHi his sect $ Right x | x <- filter (not . isPathsModule) cabalOtherModules] findHi :: Map.HashMap FilePathEq a -> CabalSection -> Either FilePath ModuleName -> Either ModuleName a findHi his cabal@CabalSection{..} name = -- error $ show (poss, Map.keys his) maybe (Left mname) Right $ firstJust (`Map.lookup` his) poss where mname = either takeFileName id name poss = map filePathEq $ possibleHi distDir cabalSourceDirs cabalSectionType $ either (return . dropExtension) (splitOn ".") name -- | This code is fragile and keeps going wrong, should probably try a less "guess everything" -- and a more refined filter and test. possibleHi :: FilePath -> [FilePath] -> CabalSectionType -> [String] -> [FilePath] possibleHi distDir sourceDirs sectionType components = [ joinPath (root : x : components) <.> "dump-hi" | extra <- [".",distDir] , root <- concat [["build" </> extra </> x </> (x ++ "-tmp") ,"build" </> extra </> x </> x ,"build" </> extra </> x </> (x ++ "-tmp") </> distDir </> "build" </> x </> (x ++ "-tmp")] | Just x <- [cabalSectionTypeName sectionType]] ++ ["build", "build" </> distDir </> "build"] , x <- sourceDirs ++ ["."]] data Cabal = Cabal {cabalName :: PackageName ,cabalSections :: [CabalSection] } deriving Show instance Semigroup Cabal where Cabal x1 x2 <> Cabal y1 y2 = Cabal (x1?:y1) (x2++y2) instance Monoid Cabal where mempty = Cabal "" [] mappend = (<>) data CabalSectionType = Library (Maybe String) | Executable String | TestSuite String | Benchmark String deriving (Eq,Ord) cabalSectionTypeName :: CabalSectionType -> Maybe String cabalSectionTypeName (Library x) = x cabalSectionTypeName (Executable x) = Just x cabalSectionTypeName (TestSuite x) = Just x cabalSectionTypeName (Benchmark x) = Just x instance Show CabalSectionType where show (Library Nothing) = "library" show (Library (Just x)) = "library:" ++ x show (Executable x) = "exe:" ++ x show (TestSuite x) = "test:" ++ x show (Benchmark x) = "bench:" ++ x instance Read CabalSectionType where readsPrec _ "library" = [(Library Nothing,"")] readsPrec _ x | Just x <- stripPrefix "exe:" x = [(Executable x, "")] | Just x <- stripPrefix "test:" x = [(TestSuite x, "")] | Just x <- stripPrefix "bench:" x = [(Benchmark x, "")] | Just x <- stripPrefix "library:" x = [(Library (Just x), "")] readsPrec _ _ = [] data CabalSection = CabalSection {cabalSectionType :: CabalSectionType ,cabalMainIs :: FilePath ,cabalExposedModules :: [ModuleName] ,cabalOtherModules :: [ModuleName] ,cabalSourceDirs :: [FilePath] ,cabalPackages :: [PackageName] } deriving Show instance Semigroup CabalSection where CabalSection x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 <> CabalSection y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 y6 = CabalSection x1 (x2?:y2) (x3<>y3) (x4<>y4) (x5<>y5) (x6<>y6) instance Monoid CabalSection where mempty = CabalSection (Library Nothing) "" [] [] [] [] mappend = (<>) parseCabal :: FilePath -> IO Cabal parseCabal = fmap parseTop . readFile' parseTop = mconcatMap f . parseHanging . filter (not . isComment) . lines where isComment = isPrefixOf "--" . trimStart keyName = (lower *** fst . word1) . word1 f (keyName -> (key, name), xs) = case key of "name:" -> mempty{cabalName=name} "library" -> case name of "" -> mempty{cabalSections=[parseSection (Library Nothing) xs]} x -> mempty{cabalSections=[parseSection (Library (Just x)) xs]} "executable" -> mempty{cabalSections=[parseSection (Executable name) xs]} "test-suite" -> mempty{cabalSections=[parseSection (TestSuite name) xs]} "benchmark" -> mempty{cabalSections=[parseSection (Benchmark name) xs]} _ -> mempty parseSection typ xs = mempty{cabalSectionType=typ} <> parse xs where parse = mconcatMap f . parseHanging keyValues (x,xs) = let (x1,x2) = word1 x in (lower x1, trimEqual $ filter (not . null) $ x2:xs) trimEqual xs = map (drop n) xs where n = minimum $ 0 : map (length . takeWhile isSpace) xs listSplit = concatMap (wordsBy (`elem` " ,")) isPackageNameChar x = isAlphaNum x || x == '-' parsePackage = dropSuffix "-any" . takeWhile isPackageNameChar . trim f (keyValues -> (k,vs)) = case k of "if" -> parse vs "else" -> parse vs "build-depends:" -> mempty{cabalPackages = map parsePackage . splitOn "," $ unwords vs} "hs-source-dirs:" -> mempty{cabalSourceDirs=listSplit vs} "exposed-modules:" -> mempty{cabalExposedModules=listSplit vs} "other-modules:" -> mempty{cabalOtherModules=listSplit vs} "main-is:" -> mempty{cabalMainIs=headDef "" vs} _ -> mempty
ndmitchell/weeder
src/Cabal.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
6,213
module Data.TTask.File.Compatibility.V0_0_1_0 ( readProject ) where import Data.Functor import Safe import Data.Time import Control.Lens import qualified Data.TTask.Types.Types as T data Task = Task { taskId :: T.Id , taskDescription :: String , taskPoint :: Int , taskStatus :: T.TStatus , taskWorkTimes :: [T.WorkTime] } deriving (Show, Read, Eq) data UserStory = UserStory { storyId :: T.Id , storyDescription :: String , storyTasks :: [Task] , storyStatus :: T.TStatus } deriving (Show, Read, Eq) data Sprint = Sprint { sprintId :: T.Id , sprintDescription :: String , sprintStorys :: [UserStory] , sprintStatus :: T.TStatus } deriving (Show, Read, Eq) data Project = Project { projectName :: String , projectBacklog :: [UserStory] , projectSprints :: [Sprint] , projectStatus :: T.TStatus } deriving (Show, Read, Eq) data TTaskContents = TTaskProject Project | TTaskSprint Sprint | TTaskStory UserStory | TTaskTask Task ------- readProject :: String -> Maybe T.Project readProject = (convert <$>) . readOldProject readOldProject :: String -> Maybe Project readOldProject s = readMay s convert :: Project -> T.Project convert p = T.Project { T._projectName = projectName p , T._projectBacklog = map convertStory $ projectBacklog p , T._projectSprints = map convertSprint $ projectSprints p , T._projectStatus = projectStatus p } ------- convertTask :: Task -> T.Task convertTask t = T.Task { T._taskId = taskId t , T._taskDescription = taskDescription t , T._taskPoint = taskPoint t , T._taskStatus = taskStatus t , T._taskWorkTimes = taskWorkTimes t } convertStory :: UserStory -> T.UserStory convertStory u = T.UserStory { T._storyId = storyId u , T._storyDescription = storyDescription u , T._storyTasks = map convertTask $ storyTasks u , T._storyStatus = storyStatus u } convertSprint :: Sprint -> T.Sprint convertSprint s = T.Sprint { T._sprintId = sprintId s , T._sprintDescription = sprintDescription s , T._sprintStorys = map convertStory $ sprintStorys s , T._sprintStatus = sprintStatus s }
tokiwoousaka/ttask
src/Data/TTask/File/Compatibility/V0_0_1_0.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
2,120
module DataParsers where import CSV import Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec hiding (labels) import DataTypes import Control.Monad.Except import Data.IORef import Data.Char import Text.Read hiding (String) fromRight :: Either a b -> b fromRight (Right b) = b maybeToTop :: Maybe WVal -> WVal maybeToTop (Just w) = w maybeToTop Nothing = Top zipSingle :: a -> [b] -> [(a, b)] zipSingle a [] = [] zipSingle a (b:bs) = (a, b) : zipSingle a bs readMaybeInteger str = readMaybe fixedStr :: Maybe Integer where fixedStr = if last str == '.' then init str else str readMaybeDouble str = readMaybe fixedStr :: Maybe Double where fixedStr = if last str == '.' then init str else str parseTyped :: WType -> String -> Maybe WVal parseTyped TString str = Just $ String str parseTyped TBool boolStr | str `elem` ["true", "1", "yes"] = Just $ Bool True | str `elem` ["false", "0", "no"] = Just $ Bool False | otherwise = Nothing where str = map toLower boolStr parseTyped TIntegral str = fmap Integral (readMaybeInteger str) parseTyped TFloat str = fmap Float (readMaybeDouble str) -- [IOThrowsError [Maybe WVal]] parseTypedRow :: [WType] -> [String] -> IOThrowsError [WVal] parseTypedRow types rows | (length types == length rows) = return $ map maybeToTop $ zipWith parseTyped types rows --map (uncurry parseTyped) (zip types rows) | otherwise = throwError $ CSVParseError $ "Inconsistent number of columns, " ++ show (length types) ++ " vs. " ++ show (length rows) parseTypedStringTable :: [WType] -> [[String]] -> IOThrowsError [[WVal]] parseTypedStringTable types strTable = sequenceA (map (parseTypedRow types) strTable) parseCSVDelim :: Char -> Table -> String -> IOThrowsError WVal parseCSVDelim delim table toParseFile = do result <- liftIO $ parseFromFile (csvFile delim) toParseFile case result of Left err -> throwError $ CSVParseError (show err) Right _ -> return Unit let tableStrings = fromRight result table' <- liftIO $ readIORef table let tableTypes = format table' let (tableValueStrings, newLabels) = if hasHeader table' then (tail tableStrings, head tableStrings) else (tableStrings, labels table') if (hasHeader table') && length tableTypes /= length newLabels then throwError $ CSVParseError $ "Inconsistent number of columns, " ++ show (length newLabels) ++ " vs. " ++ show (length tableTypes) else return Unit newRows <- parseTypedStringTable tableTypes tableValueStrings let newTable' = table' { rows = newRows, labels = newLabels } liftIO $ writeIORef table newTable' return Unit
knalbant/wrangell
DataParsers.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
2,658
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-} module Cologne.Shaders.Debug ( debug ) where import Control.Monad.ST import Data.STRef (newSTRef, readSTRef, writeSTRef) import Control.Monad.State (State, runState) import Data.Vect (Vec3(Vec3), (&+), (&*), (&.), (&^), len, normalize) import Data.Vector.Mutable (MVector, new, read, write) import Data.Vector (Vector, unsafeFreeze, forM_, enumFromN) import Graphics.Formats.Assimp (lookAt, position, horizontalFOV, aspect, up, Camera(Camera)) import Cologne.Primitives hiding (intersect) import Cologne.AssimpImport (ColorInfo) -- Just return the color we intersect multiplied by the cosine of the angle of -- intersection. radiance :: (AccelStruct a (Vec3 , Vec3, ReflectionType)) => a -> Ray -> Int -> Vec3 radiance scene ray _ = do case aIntersect scene ray of Miss -> Vec3 0 0 0 Intersection _ (color, _, _) nrm -> color &* (abs (((direction ray) &. nrm) / ((len (direction ray)) * (len nrm)))) debug :: Context [Primitive ColorInfo] ColorInfo -> Vector (Vector Vec3) debug (Context options cams scene) = runST generatePicture where generatePicture :: ST s (Vector (Vector Vec3)) generatePicture = do pic <- new h forM_ (enumFromN 0 h) $ \row -> do vec <- new w forM_ (enumFromN 0 w) $ \column -> do let val = radiance scene (ray column row) 0 write vec column val unsafeFreeze vec >>= write pic (h-row-1) unsafeFreeze pic w = width options h = height options samp = samples options cam | length cams > 0 = head cams | otherwise = Camera "" (Vec3 0 0 500) (Vec3 0 1 0) (Vec3 0 0.1 (-1)) 0.5 1e-2 1e5 1 dir x y = (cx &* (((fromIntegral x) / fromIntegral w) - 0.5)) &+ (cy &* (((fromIntegral y) / fromIntegral h) - 0.5)) &+ (lookAt cam) ray x y = Ray ((position cam) &+ ((dir x y) &* 140.0)) (normalize (dir x y)) cx = Vec3 (0.5135 * fromIntegral w / fromIntegral h) 0 0 cy = normalize (cx &^ (lookAt cam)) &* 0.5135
joelburget/Cologne
Cologne/Shaders/Debug.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
2,120
-- | Settings are centralized, as much as possible, into this file. This -- includes database connection settings, static file locations, etc. -- In addition, you can configure a number of different aspects of Yesod -- by overriding methods in the Yesod typeclass. That instance is -- declared in the Foundation.hs file. module Settings where import ClassyPrelude.Yesod import Control.Exception (throw) import Data.Aeson (Result (..), fromJSON, withObject, (.!=), (.:?)) import Data.FileEmbed (embedFile) import Data.Yaml (decodeEither') import Database.Persist.Sqlite (SqliteConf) import Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax (Exp, Name, Q) import Network.Wai.Handler.Warp (HostPreference) import Yesod.Default.Config2 (applyEnvValue, configSettingsYml) import Yesod.Default.Util (WidgetFileSettings, widgetFileNoReload, widgetFileReload) -- | Runtime settings to configure this application. These settings can be -- loaded from various sources: defaults, environment variables, config files, -- theoretically even a database. data AppSettings = AppSettings { appStaticDir :: String -- ^ Directory from which to serve static files. , appDatabaseConf :: SqliteConf -- ^ Configuration settings for accessing the database. , appRoot :: Text -- ^ Base for all generated URLs. , appHost :: HostPreference -- ^ Host/interface the server should bind to. , appPort :: Int -- ^ Port to listen on , appIpFromHeader :: Bool -- ^ Get the IP address from the header when logging. Useful when sitting -- behind a reverse proxy. , appOauthClientSecret :: Text -- ^ Oauth2 client secret , appDetailedRequestLogging :: Bool -- ^ Use detailed request logging system , appShouldLogAll :: Bool -- ^ Should all log messages be displayed? , appReloadTemplates :: Bool -- ^ Use the reload version of templates , appMutableStatic :: Bool -- ^ Assume that files in the static dir may change after compilation , appSkipCombining :: Bool -- ^ Perform no stylesheet/script combining -- Example app-specific configuration values. , appCopyright :: Text -- ^ Copyright text to appear in the footer of the page , appAnalytics :: Maybe Text -- ^ Google Analytics code } instance FromJSON AppSettings where parseJSON = withObject "AppSettings" $ \o -> do let defaultDev = #if DEVELOPMENT True #else False #endif appStaticDir <- o .: "static-dir" appDatabaseConf <- o .: "database" appRoot <- o .: "approot" appHost <- fromString <$> o .: "host" appPort <- o .: "port" appIpFromHeader <- o .: "ip-from-header" appOauthClientSecret <- o .: "oauth-client-secret" appDetailedRequestLogging <- o .:? "detailed-logging" .!= defaultDev appShouldLogAll <- o .:? "should-log-all" .!= defaultDev appReloadTemplates <- o .:? "reload-templates" .!= defaultDev appMutableStatic <- o .:? "mutable-static" .!= defaultDev appSkipCombining <- o .:? "skip-combining" .!= defaultDev appCopyright <- o .: "copyright" appAnalytics <- o .:? "analytics" return AppSettings {..} -- | Settings for 'widgetFile', such as which template languages to support and -- default Hamlet settings. -- -- For more information on modifying behavior, see: -- -- https://github.com/yesodweb/yesod/wiki/Overriding-widgetFile widgetFileSettings :: WidgetFileSettings widgetFileSettings = def -- | How static files should be combined. combineSettings :: CombineSettings combineSettings = def -- The rest of this file contains settings which rarely need changing by a -- user. widgetFile :: String -> Q Exp widgetFile = (if appReloadTemplates compileTimeAppSettings then widgetFileReload else widgetFileNoReload) widgetFileSettings -- | Raw bytes at compile time of @config/settings.yml@ configSettingsYmlBS :: ByteString configSettingsYmlBS = $(embedFile configSettingsYml) -- | @config/settings.yml@, parsed to a @Value@. configSettingsYmlValue :: Value configSettingsYmlValue = either throw id $ decodeEither' configSettingsYmlBS -- | A version of @AppSettings@ parsed at compile time from @config/settings.yml@. compileTimeAppSettings :: AppSettings compileTimeAppSettings = case fromJSON $ applyEnvValue False mempty configSettingsYmlValue of Error e -> error e Success settings -> settings -- The following two functions can be used to combine multiple CSS or JS files -- at compile time to decrease the number of http requests. -- Sample usage (inside a Widget): -- -- > $(combineStylesheets 'StaticR [style1_css, style2_css]) combineStylesheets :: Name -> [Route Static] -> Q Exp combineStylesheets = combineStylesheets' (appSkipCombining compileTimeAppSettings) combineSettings combineScripts :: Name -> [Route Static] -> Q Exp combineScripts = combineScripts' (appSkipCombining compileTimeAppSettings) combineSettings
mitchellwrosen/dohaskell
src/Settings.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
5,495
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Info.hs, part of Alex -- -- (c) Simon Marlow 2003 -- -- Generate a human-readable rendition of the state machine. -- -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------} module Text.Luthor.Info ( infoDFA ) where import Text.Luthor.Syntax import qualified Data.Map import Text.Luthor.Pretty import Data.CharSet import Data.Array -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Generate a human readable dump of the state machine infoDFA :: Int -> String -> DFA SNum Code -> ShowS infoDFA _ func_nm dfa = str "Scanner : " . str func_nm . nl . str "States : " . shows (length dfa_list) . nl . nl . infoDFA' where dfa_list = Map.toAscList (dfa_states dfa) infoDFA' = interleave_shows nl (map infoStateN dfa_list) infoStateN (i,s) = str "State " . shows i . nl . infoState s infoState :: State SNum Code -> ShowS infoState (State accs out) = foldr (.) id (map infoAccept accs) . infoArr out . nl infoArr out = char '\t' . interleave_shows (str "\n\t") (map infoTransition (Map.toAscList out)) infoAccept (Acc p act lctx rctx) = str "\tAccept" . paren (shows p) . space . outputLCtx lctx . space . showRCtx rctx . (case act of Nothing -> id Just code -> str " { " . str code . str " }") . nl infoTransition (char',state) = str (ljustify 8 (show char')) . str " -> " . shows state outputLCtx Nothing = id outputLCtx (Just set) = paren (outputArr (charSetToArray set)) . char '^' outputArr arr = str "Array.array " . shows (bounds arr) . space . shows (assocs arr)
ekmett/luthor
Text/Luthor/Info.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,781
module Network.Kafka.Protocol where
iand675/hs-kafka
src/Network/Kafka/Protocol.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
36
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-} module Main where import System.Console.CmdArgs import Com.DiagClient(sendData) import DiagnosticConfig import Control.Monad (when) import Network.Socket import Script.ErrorMemory import Script.LoggingFramework import Numeric(showHex,readHex) import Util.Encoding import Data.Word import LuaTester(executeLuaScript) import Diagnoser.DiagScriptTester(runTestScript) import Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec hiding (many, optional, (<|>)) import Text.Parsec.Token import Control.Applicative data DiagTool = Diagsend { ip :: String, diagId :: String, message :: String } | ReadDtc { ip :: String, dtcKind :: Int } | Logging { logIp :: String, enableLogging :: Bool, showLogging :: Bool } | DiagTest { ip :: String, script :: String } | LuaTest { script :: String } deriving (Show, Data, Typeable) defaultIp = "127.0.0.1" diagSend = Diagsend {ip = defaultIp &= help "ip address", diagId = "10" &= help "diagnosis id", message = "[0x22,0xF1,0x90]" &= help "diagnostic message to be sent"} dtc = ReadDtc { ip = defaultIp &= help "ip address", dtcKind = 1 &= name "k" &= help "[primary = 1, secondary = 2]" } &= help "read DTCs in ecu" logging = Logging { logIp = defaultIp &= name "i" &= help "ip address", enableLogging = def &= help "enable logging", showLogging = def &= help "show mapping" } &= help "change logging settings" diagTest = DiagTest { ip = defaultIp &= help "ip address", script = def &= help "diagnoser script to run" } luaTest = LuaTest { script = def &= help "lua script to run" } parseTesterId :: String -> Either ParseError Word8 parseTesterId = parse hexnumber "(unknown)" parseDiagMsg :: String -> Either ParseError [Word8] parseDiagMsg = parse hexlist "(unknown)" hexlist :: CharParser () [Word8] hexlist = between (char '[') (char ']') (hexnumber `sepBy` char ',') hexnumber = fst . head . readHex <$> (skipMany (string "0x") *> many1 hexDigit) main :: IO () main = withSocketsDo $ do actions <- cmdArgs $ (modes [diagSend,dtc,logging,diagTest,luaTest] &= summary "DiagnosisTool 0.3.0, (c) Oliver Mueller 2010-2011") &= verbosity execute actions execute :: DiagTool -> IO () execute (ReadDtc ip x) | x == 1 = readPrimaryErrorMemory c | x == 2 = readSecondaryErrorMemory c where c = femConfig ip execute (Logging logIp e m) = do when e enable when m $ showMappingWithConf conf execute (DiagTest ip s) = do -- print $ "running script " ++ s -- runTestScript s ip return () execute (Diagsend ip diagid m) = case parseTesterId diagid of (Right tid) -> do let config = mkConf tid ip case parseDiagMsg m of (Right msg) -> sendData config msg >> return () _ -> print "diag message format not correct (use s.th. like 0x22,0xF1)" >> return () _ -> return ()
marcmo/hsDiagnosis
Main.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
3,113
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs #-} {-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-} {-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-} module Test.Themis.Keyword ( Keyword , runKeyword , Context(..) , Action , safeAction , safeActionRollback , action , actionRollback , Interpretation(..) , step , info , assertEquals , satisfies ) where import Control.Monad.Error import Control.Monad.State import Control.Monad.Trans import qualified Control.Monad.Trans.Error as CME import qualified Control.Monad.Trans.State as CMS {- Every testeable system with test steps can be represented by keywords. Keywords are composable actions. These actions has optional backup steps. Keywords represents a script which can be evaluated with the given context of the interpretation of each keyword. This way multiple reusable scripts can be written in the haskell do notation. -} data Keyword k a where KRet :: a -> Keyword k a KWord :: k a -> Keyword k a KInfo :: k a -> Keyword k a KLog :: String -> Keyword k () KAssert :: Bool -> String -> Keyword k () KBind :: Keyword k a -> (a -> Keyword k b) -> Keyword k b instance Monad (Keyword k) where return = KRet m >>= k = KBind m k -- | The 'k' step that will be interpreted in some action. step :: k a -> Keyword k a step = KWord -- | The 'k' information what has no rollback info :: k a -> Keyword k a info = KInfo -- | Assertion on the first value, the assertion fails if the -- first value is False. After the failure the revering actions -- will be computed. assertion :: Bool -> String -> Keyword k () assertion = KAssert -- | Logs a message log :: String -> Keyword k () log = KLog -- | The action consits of a computation that can fail -- and possibly a revert action. newtype Action m e a = Action (m (Either e a), Maybe (a -> m ())) -- | The interpretation of a 'k' basic keyword consists of a pair -- the first is a computation which computes an error result or a -- unit, and a revert action of the computation. newtype Interpretation k m e = Interpretation { unInterpret :: forall a . k a -> Action m e a } safeAction :: (Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => m a -> Action m e a safeAction action = Action (fmap Right action, Nothing) safeActionRollback :: (Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => m a -> (a -> m b) -> Action m e a safeActionRollback action rollback = Action (fmap Right action, Just (void . rollback)) -- The action has no rollback but the action can fail. action :: (Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => m (Either e a) -> Action m e a action act = Action (act, Nothing) -- The action has a given rollback and the action can fail actionRollback :: (Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => m (Either e a) -> (a -> m b) -> Action m e a actionRollback action rollback = Action (action, Just (void . rollback)) -- | The keyword evaluation context consists of an interpretation -- function, which turns every 'k' command into a monadic computation data Context k m e = Context { keywordInterpretation :: Interpretation k m e , logInterpretation :: String -> m () } newtype Interpreter m e a = KI { unKI :: CME.ErrorT e (CMS.StateT [m ()] m) a } deriving (Monad, MonadState [m ()], MonadError e) evalStage0 :: (Monad m, Error e) => Context k m e -> Keyword k a -> Interpreter m e a evalStage0 ctx (KRet a) = return a evalStage0 ctx (KInfo k) = do let Action (step,revert) = (unInterpret $ keywordInterpretation ctx) k x <- KI . lift $ lift step case x of Left e -> throwError e Right y -> return y evalStage0 ctx (KLog m) = KI . lift . lift $ logInterpretation ctx m evalStage0 ctx (KWord k) = do let Action (step,revert) = (unInterpret $ keywordInterpretation ctx) k x <- KI . lift $ lift step case x of Left e -> throwError e Right y -> do maybe (return ()) (\r -> modify (r y:)) revert return y evalStage0 ctx (KBind m k) = do x <- evalStage0 ctx m evalStage0 ctx (k x) evalStage0 ctx (KAssert a msg) = unless a . throwError $ strMsg msg evalStage1 :: (Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => Interpreter m e a -> m (Either e a) evalStage1 m = do (result, revert) <- flip CMS.runStateT [] . CME.runErrorT $ unKI m case result of Left err -> do sequence_ revert return (Left err) Right a -> return (Right a) -- | The 'runKeyword' interprets the given keyword in a computational context, and -- reverts the steps if any error occurs. runKeyword :: (Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => Context k m e -> Keyword k a -> m (Either e a) runKeyword ctx k = evalStage1 $ evalStage0 ctx k -- * Helpers voide :: (Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => m a -> m (Either e ()) voide m = do m >> return (Right ()) -- * Assertions -- | Checks if the found value equals to the expected one, if it differs -- the test will fail assertEquals :: (Show a, Eq a) => a -> a -> String -> Keyword k () assertEquals expected found msg = assertion (found == expected) (concat [msg, " found: ", show found, " expected: ", show expected]) -- | Checks if the found value satisfies the given predicate, it not the test will fail satisfies :: (Show a) => a -> (a -> Bool) -> String -> Keyword k () satisfies value pred msg = assertion (pred value) (concat [msg, " value: ", show value, " does not satisfies the predicate."])
andorp/themis
src/Test/Themis/Keyword.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
5,287
module Config where import Data.List import HSH -- put any custom default excluded directories or aliased filetypes here etc sourceFiles :: [String] -> String -> IO [String] sourceFiles ftypes dir = run ("find", dir:args) where args = intercalate ["-or"] [["-iname", "*." ++ ftype] | ftype <- ftypes]
facebookarchive/lex-pass
src/Config.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
306
{-# LANGUAGE CPP, DisambiguateRecordFields, RecordWildCards, NamedFieldPuns #-} {-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns #-} -- | This module implements parsing and unparsing functions for -- OpenFlow messages. It exports a driver that can be used to read messages -- from a file handle and write messages to a handle. module Nettle.OpenFlow.MessagesBinary ( -- messageDriver2 -- * Parsing and unparsing methods getHeader , getSCMessage , getSCMessageBody , putSCMessage , getCSMessage , getCSMessageBody , putCSMessage , OFPHeader(..) ) where import qualified Data.ByteString as BS import Data.ByteString (ByteString) import Nettle.Ethernet.EthernetAddress import Nettle.Ethernet.EthernetFrame import Nettle.IPv4.IPAddress import Nettle.IPv4.IPPacket import qualified Nettle.OpenFlow.Messages as M import Nettle.OpenFlow.Port import Nettle.OpenFlow.Action import Nettle.OpenFlow.Switch import Nettle.OpenFlow.Match import Nettle.OpenFlow.Packet import Nettle.OpenFlow.FlowTable import qualified Nettle.OpenFlow.FlowTable as FlowTable import Nettle.OpenFlow.Statistics import Nettle.OpenFlow.Error import Control.Monad (when) import Control.Exception import Data.Word import Data.Bits import Nettle.OpenFlow.StrictPut import Data.Binary.Strict.Get import qualified Data.ByteString as B import Data.Maybe (fromJust, isJust) import Data.List as List import Data.Char (chr) import Data.Map (Map) import qualified Data.Map as Map import Data.Set (Set) import qualified Data.Set as Set import Data.Bimap (Bimap, (!), (!>)) import qualified Data.Bimap as Bimap import System.IO import Control.Concurrent (yield) import Data.IORef import Data.Char (ord) import Debug.Trace type MessageTypeCode = Word8 ofptHello :: MessageTypeCode ofptHello = 0 ofptError :: MessageTypeCode ofptError = 1 ofptEchoRequest :: MessageTypeCode ofptEchoRequest = 2 ofptEchoReply :: MessageTypeCode ofptEchoReply = 3 ofptVendor :: MessageTypeCode ofptVendor = 4 ofptFeaturesRequest :: MessageTypeCode ofptFeaturesRequest = 5 ofptFeaturesReply :: MessageTypeCode ofptFeaturesReply = 6 ofptGetConfigRequest :: MessageTypeCode ofptGetConfigRequest = 7 ofptGetConfigReply :: MessageTypeCode ofptGetConfigReply = 8 ofptSetConfig :: MessageTypeCode ofptSetConfig = 9 ofptPacketIn :: MessageTypeCode ofptPacketIn = 10 ofptFlowRemoved :: MessageTypeCode ofptFlowRemoved = 11 ofptPortStatus :: MessageTypeCode ofptPortStatus = 12 ofptPacketOut :: MessageTypeCode ofptPacketOut = 13 ofptFlowMod :: MessageTypeCode ofptFlowMod = 14 ofptPortMod :: MessageTypeCode ofptPortMod = 15 ofptStatsRequest :: MessageTypeCode ofptStatsRequest = 16 ofptStatsReply :: MessageTypeCode ofptStatsReply = 17 ofptBarrierRequest :: MessageTypeCode ofptBarrierRequest = 18 ofptBarrierReply :: MessageTypeCode ofptBarrierReply = 19 ofptQueueGetConfigRequest :: MessageTypeCode ofptQueueGetConfigRequest = 20 ofptQueueGetConfigReply :: MessageTypeCode ofptQueueGetConfigReply = 21 -- | Parser for @SCMessage@s getSCMessage :: Get (M.TransactionID, M.SCMessage) getSCMessage = do hdr <- getHeader getSCMessageBody hdr -- | Parser for @CSMessage@s getCSMessage :: Get (M.TransactionID, M.CSMessage) getCSMessage = do hdr <- getHeader getCSMessageBody hdr -- | Unparser for @SCMessage@s putSCMessage :: (M.TransactionID, M.SCMessage) -> Put putSCMessage (xid, msg) = case msg of M.SCHello -> putH ofptHello headerSize M.SCEchoRequest bytes -> do putH ofptEchoRequest (headerSize + length bytes) putWord8s bytes M.SCEchoReply bytes -> do putH ofptEchoReply (headerSize + length bytes) putWord8s bytes M.PacketIn pktInfo -> do let bodyLen = packetInMessageBodyLen pktInfo putH ofptPacketIn (headerSize + bodyLen) putPacketInRecord pktInfo M.Features features -> do putH ofptFeaturesReply (headerSize + 24 + 48 * length (ports features)) putSwitchFeaturesRecord features M.Error error -> do putH ofptError (headerSize + 2 + 2) putSwitchError error where vid = ofpVersion putH tcode len = putHeader (OFPHeader vid tcode (fromIntegral len) xid) packetInMessageBodyLen :: PacketInfo -> Int packetInMessageBodyLen pktInfo = 10 + fromIntegral (packetLength pktInfo) putPacketInRecord :: PacketInfo -> Put putPacketInRecord pktInfo@(PacketInfo {..}) = do putWord32be $ maybe (-1) id bufferID putWord16be $ fromIntegral packetLength putWord16be receivedOnPort putWord8 $ reason2Code reasonSent putWord8 0 putByteString packetData {- Header -} type OpenFlowVersionID = Word8 ofpVersion :: OpenFlowVersionID #if OPENFLOW_VERSION == 1 ofpVersion = 0x01 #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION == 152 ofpVersion = 0x98 #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION == 151 ofpVersion = 0x97 #endif -- | OpenFlow message header data OFPHeader = OFPHeader { msgVersion :: !OpenFlowVersionID , msgType :: !MessageTypeCode , msgLength :: !Word16 , msgTransactionID :: !M.TransactionID } deriving (Show,Eq) headerSize :: Int headerSize = 8 -- | Unparser for OpenFlow message header putHeader :: OFPHeader -> Put putHeader (OFPHeader {..}) = do putWord8 msgVersion putWord8 msgType putWord16be msgLength putWord32be msgTransactionID -- | Parser for the OpenFlow message header getHeader :: Get OFPHeader getHeader = do v <- getWord8 t <- getWord8 l <- getWord16be x <- getWord32be return $ OFPHeader v t l x {-# INLINE getHeader #-} -- Get SCMessage body {-# INLINE getSCMessageBody #-} getSCMessageBody :: OFPHeader -> Get (M.TransactionID, M.SCMessage) getSCMessageBody hdr@(OFPHeader {..}) = if msgType == ofptPacketIn then do packetInRecord <- getPacketInRecord len return (msgTransactionID, M.PacketIn packetInRecord) else if msgType == ofptEchoRequest then do bytes <- getWord8s (len - headerSize) return (msgTransactionID, M.SCEchoRequest bytes) else if msgType == ofptEchoReply then do bytes <- getWord8s (len - headerSize) return (msgTransactionID, M.SCEchoReply bytes) else if msgType == ofptFeaturesReply then do switchFeaturesRecord <- getSwitchFeaturesRecord len return (msgTransactionID, M.Features switchFeaturesRecord) else if msgType == ofptHello then return (msgTransactionID, M.SCHello) else if msgType == ofptPortStatus then do body <- getPortStatus return (msgTransactionID, M.PortStatus body) else if msgType == ofptError then do body <- getSwitchError len return (msgTransactionID, M.Error body) else if msgType == ofptFlowRemoved then do body <- getFlowRemovedRecord return (msgTransactionID, M.FlowRemoved body) else if msgType == ofptBarrierReply then return (msgTransactionID, M.BarrierReply) else if msgType == ofptStatsReply then do body <- getStatsReply len return (msgTransactionID, M.StatsReply body) else if msgType == ofptQueueGetConfigReply then do qcReply <- getQueueConfigReply len return (msgTransactionID, M.QueueConfigReply qcReply) else error ("Unrecognized message header: " ++ show hdr) where len = fromIntegral msgLength getCSMessageBody :: OFPHeader -> Get (M.TransactionID, M.CSMessage) getCSMessageBody header@(OFPHeader {..}) = if msgType == ofptPacketOut then do packetOut <- getPacketOut len return (msgTransactionID, M.PacketOut packetOut) else if msgType == ofptFlowMod then do mod <- getFlowMod len return (msgTransactionID, M.FlowMod mod) else if msgType == ofptHello then return (msgTransactionID, M.CSHello) else if msgType == ofptEchoRequest then do bytes <- getWord8s (len - headerSize) return (msgTransactionID, M.CSEchoRequest bytes) else if msgType == ofptEchoReply then do bytes <- getWord8s (len - headerSize) return (msgTransactionID, M.CSEchoReply bytes) else if msgType == ofptFeaturesRequest then return (msgTransactionID, M.FeaturesRequest) else if msgType == ofptSetConfig then do _ <- getSetConfig return (msgTransactionID, M.SetConfig) else if msgType == ofptVendor then do vMsg <- getVendorMessage return (msgTransactionID, M.Vendor vMsg) else error ("Unrecognized message type with header: " ++ show header) where len = fromIntegral msgLength ----------------------- -- Queue Config parser ----------------------- getQueueConfigReply :: Int -> Get QueueConfigReply getQueueConfigReply len = do portID <- getWord16be skip 6 qs <- getQueues 16 [] return (PortQueueConfig portID qs) where getQueues pos acc = if pos < len then do (q, n) <- getQueue let pos' = pos + n pos' `seq` getQueues pos' (q:acc) else return acc getQueue = do qid <- getWord32be qdlen <- getWord16be skip 2 qprops <- getQueueProps qdlen 8 [] -- at byte 8 because of ofp_packet_queue header and len includes header (my guess). return (QueueConfig qid qprops, fromIntegral qdlen) where getQueueProps qdlen pos acc = if pos < qdlen then do (prop, propLen) <- getQueueProp let pos' = pos + propLen pos' `seq` getQueueProps qdlen pos' (prop : acc) else return acc getQueueProp = do propType <- getWord16be propLen <- getWord16be skip 4 rate <- getWord16be skip 6 let rate' = if rate > 1000 then Disabled else Enabled rate let prop | propType == ofpqtMinRate = MinRateQueue rate' | propType == ofpqtMaxRate = MaxRateQueue rate' | otherwise = error ("Unexpected queue property type code " ++ show propType) return (prop, propLen) ofpqtMinRate :: Word16 ofpqtMinRate = 1 ofpqtMaxRate :: Word16 -- Indigo switches support max rate this way ofpqtMaxRate = 2 ---------------------- -- Set Config parser ---------------------- getSetConfig :: Get (Word16, Word16) getSetConfig = do flags <- getWord16be missSendLen <- getWord16be return (flags, missSendLen) ------------------------------------------- -- Vendor parser ------------------------------------------- getVendorMessage :: Get ByteString getVendorMessage = do r <- remaining getByteString r ------------------------------------------- -- SWITCH FEATURES PARSER ------------------------------------------- putSwitchFeaturesRecord (SwitchFeatures {..}) = do putWord64be switchID putWord32be $ fromIntegral packetBufferSize putWord8 $ fromIntegral numberFlowTables sequence_ $ replicate 3 (putWord8 0) putWord32be $ switchCapabilitiesBitVector capabilities putWord32be $ actionTypesBitVector supportedActions sequence_ [ putPhyPort p | p <- ports ] getSwitchFeaturesRecord len = do dpid <- getWord64be nbufs <- getWord32be ntables <- getWord8 skip 3 caps <- getWord32be acts <- getWord32be ports <- sequence (replicate num_ports getPhyPort) return (SwitchFeatures dpid (fromIntegral nbufs) (fromIntegral ntables) (bitMap2SwitchCapabilitySet caps) (bitMap2SwitchActionSet acts) ports) where ports_offset = 32 num_ports = (len - ports_offset) `div` size_ofp_phy_port size_ofp_phy_port = 48 putPhyPort :: Port -> Put putPhyPort (Port {..}) = do putWord16be portID putEthernetAddress portAddress mapM_ putWord8 $ take ofpMaxPortNameLen (map (fromIntegral . ord) portName ++ repeat 0) putWord32be $ portConfigsBitVector portConfig putWord32be $ portState2Code portLinkDown portSTPState putWord32be $ featuresBitVector $ maybe [] id portCurrentFeatures putWord32be $ featuresBitVector $ maybe [] id portAdvertisedFeatures putWord32be $ featuresBitVector $ maybe [] id portSupportedFeatures putWord32be $ featuresBitVector $ maybe [] id portPeerFeatures getPhyPort :: Get Port getPhyPort = do port_no <- getWord16be hw_addr <- getEthernetAddress name_arr <- getWord8s ofpMaxPortNameLen let port_name = [ chr (fromIntegral b) | b <- takeWhile (/=0) name_arr ] cfg <- getWord32be st <- getWord32be let (linkDown, stpState) = code2PortState st curr <- getWord32be adv <- getWord32be supp <- getWord32be peer <- getWord32be return $ Port { portID = port_no, portName = port_name, portAddress = hw_addr, portConfig = bitMap2PortConfigAttributeSet cfg, portLinkDown = linkDown, portSTPState = stpState, portCurrentFeatures = decodePortFeatureSet curr, portAdvertisedFeatures = decodePortFeatureSet adv, portSupportedFeatures = decodePortFeatureSet supp, portPeerFeatures = decodePortFeatureSet peer } ofpMaxPortNameLen = 16 featuresBitVector :: [PortFeature] -> Word32 featuresBitVector = foldl (\v f -> v .|. featureBitMask f) 0 featureBitMask :: PortFeature -> Word32 featureBitMask feat = case lookup feat featurePositions of Nothing -> error "unexpected port feature" Just i -> bit i decodePortFeatureSet :: Word32 -> Maybe [PortFeature] decodePortFeatureSet word | word == 0 = Nothing | otherwise = Just $ concat [ if word `testBit` position then [feat] else [] | (feat, position) <- featurePositions ] featurePositions :: [(PortFeature, Int)] featurePositions = [ (Rate10MbHD, 0), (Rate10MbFD, 1), (Rate100MbHD, 2), (Rate100MbFD, 3), (Rate1GbHD, 4), (Rate1GbFD, 5), (Rate10GbFD, 6), (Copper, 7), (Fiber, 8), (AutoNegotiation, 9), (Pause, 10), (AsymmetricPause, 11) ] ofppsLinkDown, ofppsStpListen, ofppsStpLearn, ofppsStpForward :: Word32 ofppsLinkDown = 1 `shiftL` 0 -- 1 << 0 ofppsStpListen = 0 `shiftL` 8 -- 0 << 8 ofppsStpLearn = 1 `shiftL` 8 -- 1 << 8 ofppsStpForward = 2 `shiftL` 8 -- 2 << 8 ofppsStpBlock = 3 `shiftL` 8 -- 3 << 8 ofppsStpMask = 3 `shiftL` 8 -- 3 << 8 code2PortState :: Word32 -> (Bool, SpanningTreePortState) code2PortState w = (w .&. ofppsLinkDown /= 0, stpState) where stpState | flag == ofppsStpListen = STPListening | flag == ofppsStpLearn = STPLearning | flag == ofppsStpForward = STPForwarding | flag == ofppsStpBlock = STPBlocking | otherwise = error "Unrecognized port status code." flag = w .&. ofppsStpMask portState2Code :: Bool -> SpanningTreePortState -> Word32 portState2Code isUp stpState = let b1 = if isUp then ofppsLinkDown else 0 b2 = case stpState of STPListening -> ofppsStpListen STPLearning -> ofppsStpLearn STPForwarding -> ofppsStpForward STPBlocking -> ofppsStpBlock in b1 .|. b2 bitMap2PortConfigAttributeSet :: Word32 -> [PortConfigAttribute] bitMap2PortConfigAttributeSet bmap = filter inBMap $ enumFrom $ toEnum 0 where inBMap attr = let mask = portAttribute2BitMask attr in mask .&. bmap == mask portConfigsBitVector :: [PortConfigAttribute] -> Word32 portConfigsBitVector = foldl (\v a -> v .|. portAttribute2BitMask a) 0 portAttribute2BitMask :: PortConfigAttribute -> Word32 portAttribute2BitMask PortDown = shiftL 1 0 portAttribute2BitMask STPDisabled = shiftL 1 1 portAttribute2BitMask OnlySTPackets = shiftL 1 2 portAttribute2BitMask NoSTPackets = shiftL 1 3 portAttribute2BitMask NoFlooding = shiftL 1 4 portAttribute2BitMask DropForwarded = shiftL 1 5 portAttribute2BitMask NoPacketInMsg = shiftL 1 6 portAttributeSet2BitMask :: [PortConfigAttribute] -> Word32 portAttributeSet2BitMask = foldl f 0 where f mask b = mask .|. portAttribute2BitMask b bitMap2SwitchCapabilitySet :: Word32 -> [SwitchCapability] bitMap2SwitchCapabilitySet bmap = filter inBMap $ enumFrom $ toEnum 0 where inBMap attr = let mask = switchCapability2BitMask attr in mask .&. bmap == mask switchCapabilitiesBitVector :: [SwitchCapability] -> Word32 switchCapabilitiesBitVector = foldl (\vector c -> vector .|. switchCapability2BitMask c) 0 switchCapability2BitMask :: SwitchCapability -> Word32 switchCapability2BitMask HasFlowStats = shiftL 1 0 switchCapability2BitMask HasTableStats = shiftL 1 1 switchCapability2BitMask HasPortStats = shiftL 1 2 switchCapability2BitMask SpanningTree = shiftL 1 3 -- #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 switchCapability2BitMask MayTransmitOverMultiplePhysicalInterfaces = shiftL 1 4 -- #endif switchCapability2BitMask CanReassembleIPFragments = shiftL 1 5 -- #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 switchCapability2BitMask HasQueueStatistics = shiftL 1 6 switchCapability2BitMask CanMatchIPAddressesInARPPackets = shiftL 1 7 -- #endif bitMap2SwitchActionSet :: Word32 -> [ActionType] bitMap2SwitchActionSet bmap = filter inBMap $ enumFrom $ toEnum 0 where inBMap attr = let mask = actionType2BitMask attr in mask .&. bmap == mask actionTypesBitVector :: [ActionType] -> Word32 actionTypesBitVector = foldl (\v a -> v .|. actionType2BitMask a) 0 {- code2ActionType :: Word16 -> ActionType code2ActionType code = case Bimap.lookupR code $ actionType2CodeBijection of Just x -> x Nothing -> error ("In code2ActionType: encountered unknown action type code: " ++ show code) -} code2ActionType :: Word16 -> ActionType code2ActionType !code = case code of 0 -> OutputToPortType 1 -> SetVlanVIDType 2 -> SetVlanPriorityType 3 -> StripVlanHeaderType 4 -> SetEthSrcAddrType 5 -> SetEthDstAddrType 6 -> SetIPSrcAddrType 7 -> SetIPDstAddrType 8 -> SetIPTypeOfServiceType 9 -> SetTransportSrcPortType 10 -> SetTransportDstPortType 11 -> EnqueueType 0xffff -> VendorActionType {-# INLINE code2ActionType #-} actionType2Code :: ActionType -> Word16 actionType2Code OutputToPortType = 0 actionType2Code SetVlanVIDType = 1 actionType2Code SetVlanPriorityType = 2 actionType2Code StripVlanHeaderType = 3 actionType2Code SetEthSrcAddrType = 4 actionType2Code SetEthDstAddrType = 5 actionType2Code SetIPSrcAddrType = 6 actionType2Code SetIPDstAddrType = 7 actionType2Code SetIPTypeOfServiceType = 8 actionType2Code SetTransportSrcPortType = 9 actionType2Code SetTransportDstPortType = 10 actionType2Code EnqueueType = 11 actionType2Code VendorActionType = 0xffff {-# INLINE actionType2Code #-} {- actionType2Code a = case Bimap.lookup a actionType2CodeBijection of Just x -> x Nothing -> error ("In actionType2Code: encountered unknown action type: " ++ show a) -} actionType2CodeBijection :: Bimap ActionType Word16 actionType2CodeBijection = Bimap.fromList [(OutputToPortType, 0) , (SetVlanVIDType, 1) , (SetVlanPriorityType, 2) , (StripVlanHeaderType, 3) , (SetEthSrcAddrType, 4) , (SetEthDstAddrType, 5) , (SetIPSrcAddrType, 6) , (SetIPDstAddrType, 7) , (SetIPTypeOfServiceType, 8) , (SetTransportSrcPortType, 9) , (SetTransportDstPortType, 10) , (EnqueueType, 11) , (VendorActionType, 0xffff) ] actionType2BitMask :: ActionType -> Word32 actionType2BitMask = shiftL 1 . fromIntegral . actionType2Code ------------------------------------------ -- Packet In Parser ------------------------------------------ {-# INLINE getPacketInRecord #-} getPacketInRecord :: Int -> Get PacketInfo getPacketInRecord len = do bufID <- getWord32be totalLen <- getWord16be in_port <- getWord16be reasonCode <- getWord8 skip 1 bytes <- getByteString (fromIntegral data_len) let reason = code2Reason reasonCode let mbufID = if (bufID == maxBound) then Nothing else Just bufID let frame = {-# SCC "getPacketInRecord1" #-} fst (runGet getEthernetFrame bytes) return $ PacketInfo mbufID (fromIntegral totalLen) in_port reason bytes frame where data_offset = 18 -- 8 + 4 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 1 data_len = len - data_offset {-# INLINE code2Reason #-} code2Reason :: Word8 -> PacketInReason code2Reason !code | code == 0 = NotMatched | code == 1 = ExplicitSend | otherwise = error ("Received unknown packet-in reason code: " ++ show code ++ ".") {-# INLINE reason2Code #-} reason2Code :: PacketInReason -> Word8 reason2Code NotMatched = 0 reason2Code ExplicitSend = 1 ------------------------------------------ -- Port Status parser ------------------------------------------ getPortStatus :: Get PortStatus getPortStatus = do reasonCode <- getWord8 skip 7 portDesc <- getPhyPort return $ (code2PortStatusUpdateReason reasonCode, portDesc) code2PortStatusUpdateReason code = if code == 0 then PortAdded else if code == 1 then PortDeleted else if code == 2 then PortModified else error ("Unkown port status update reason code: " ++ show code) ------------------------------------------ -- Switch Error parser ------------------------------------------ getSwitchError :: Int -> Get SwitchError getSwitchError len = do typ <- getWord16be code <- getWord16be bytes <- getWord8s (len - headerSize - 4) return (code2ErrorType typ code bytes) putSwitchError :: SwitchError -> Put putSwitchError (BadRequest VendorNotSupported []) = do putWord16be 1 putWord16be 3 code2ErrorType :: Word16 -> Word16 -> [Word8] -> SwitchError #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 code2ErrorType typ code bytes | typ == 0 = HelloFailed (helloErrorCodesMap ! code) [ chr (fromIntegral b) | b <- takeWhile (/=0) bytes ] | typ == 1 = BadRequest (requestErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes | typ == 2 = BadAction code bytes | typ == 3 = FlowModFailed code bytes #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 code2ErrorType typ code bytes | typ == 0 = HelloFailed (helloErrorCodesMap ! code) [ chr (fromIntegral b) | b <- takeWhile (/=0) bytes ] | typ == 1 = BadRequest (requestErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes | typ == 2 = BadAction (actionErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes | typ == 3 = FlowModFailed (flowModErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 code2ErrorType typ code bytes | typ == 0 = HelloFailed (helloErrorCodesMap ! code) [ chr (fromIntegral b) | b <- takeWhile (/=0) bytes ] | typ == 1 = BadRequest (requestErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes | typ == 2 = BadAction (actionErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes | typ == 3 = FlowModFailed (flowModErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes | typ == 4 = PortModFailed (portModErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes | typ == 5 = QueueOperationFailed (queueOpErrorCodeMap ! code) bytes #endif helloErrorCodesMap = Bimap.fromList [ (0, IncompatibleVersions) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , (1 , HelloPermissionsError) #endif ] requestErrorCodeMap = Bimap.fromList [ (0, VersionNotSupported), (1 , MessageTypeNotSupported), (2 , StatsRequestTypeNotSupported), (3 , VendorNotSupported), (4, VendorSubtypeNotSupported) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , (5 , RequestPermissionsError) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , (6 , BadRequestLength) , (7, BufferEmpty) , (8, UnknownBuffer) #endif ] actionErrorCodeMap = Bimap.fromList [ (0, UnknownActionType), (1, BadActionLength), (2, UnknownVendorID), (3, UnknownActionTypeForVendor), (4, BadOutPort), (5, BadActionArgument) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , (6, ActionPermissionsError) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , (7, TooManyActions) , (8, InvalidQueue) #endif ] flowModErrorCodeMap = Bimap.fromList [ (0, TablesFull) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , (1, OverlappingFlow) , (2, FlowModPermissionsError) , (3, EmergencyModHasTimeouts) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , (4, BadCommand) , (5, UnsupportedActionList) #endif ] portModErrorCodeMap = Bimap.fromList [ (0, BadPort) , (1, BadHardwareAddress) ] queueOpErrorCodeMap = Bimap.fromList [ (0, QueueOpBadPort) , (1, QueueDoesNotExist) , (2, QueueOpPermissionsError) ] ------------------------------------------ -- FlowRemoved parser ------------------------------------------ #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 getFlowRemovedRecord :: Get FlowRemoved getFlowRemovedRecord = do m <- getMatch p <- get rcode <- get skip 1 dur <- getWord32be skip 4 pktCount <- getWord64be byteCount <- getWord64be return $ FlowRemoved m p (code2FlowRemovalReason rcode) (fromIntegral dur) (fromIntegral pktCount) (fromIntegral byteCount) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 getFlowRemovedRecord :: Get FlowRemoved getFlowRemovedRecord = do m <- getMatch p <- getWord16be rcode <- getWord8 skip 1 dur <- getWord32be idle_timeout <- getWord16be skip 6 pktCount <- getWord64be byteCount <- getWord64be return $ FlowRemoved m p (code2FlowRemovalReason rcode) (fromIntegral dur) (fromIntegral idle_timeout) (fromIntegral pktCount) (fromIntegral byteCount) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 getFlowRemovedRecord :: Get FlowRemoved getFlowRemovedRecord = do m <- getMatch cookie <- getWord64be p <- getWord16be rcode <- getWord8 skip 1 dur <- getWord32be dur_nsec <- getWord32be idle_timeout <- getWord16be skip 2 pktCount <- getWord64be byteCount <- getWord64be return $ FlowRemovedRecord m cookie p (code2FlowRemovalReason rcode) (fromIntegral dur) (fromIntegral dur_nsec) (fromIntegral idle_timeout) (fromIntegral pktCount) (fromIntegral byteCount) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 flowRemovalReason2CodeBijection :: Bimap FlowRemovalReason Word8 flowRemovalReason2CodeBijection = Bimap.fromList [(IdleTimerExpired, 0), (HardTimerExpired, 1) ] #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flowRemovalReason2CodeBijection :: Bimap FlowRemovalReason Word8 flowRemovalReason2CodeBijection = Bimap.fromList [(IdleTimerExpired, 0), (HardTimerExpired, 1), (DeletedByController, 2) ] #endif code2FlowRemovalReason rcode = (Bimap.!>) flowRemovalReason2CodeBijection rcode ----------------------------------------- -- Stats Reply parser ----------------------------------------- getStatsReply :: Int -> Get StatsReply getStatsReply headerLen = do statsType <- getWord16be flags <- getWord16be let bodyLen = headerLen - (headerSize + 4) let moreFlag = flags == 0x0001 if statsType == ofpstFlow then do flowStats <- getFlowStatsReplies bodyLen return (FlowStatsReply moreFlag flowStats) else if statsType == ofpstPort then do portStats <- getPortStatsReplies bodyLen return (PortStatsReply moreFlag portStats) else if statsType == ofpstAggregate then do aggStats <- getAggregateStatsReplies bodyLen return (AggregateFlowStatsReply aggStats) else if statsType == ofpstTable then do tableStats <- getTableStatsReplies bodyLen return (TableStatsReply moreFlag tableStats) else if statsType == ofpstDesc then do desc <- getDescriptionReply return (DescriptionReply desc) else #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 if statsType == ofpstQueue then do queueStats <- getQueueStatsReplies bodyLen return (QueueStatsReply moreFlag queueStats) else #endif error ("unhandled stats reply message with type: " ++ show statsType) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 getQueueStatsReplies :: Int -> Get [QueueStats] getQueueStatsReplies bodyLen = do sequence (replicate cnt getQueueStatsReply) where cnt = let (d,m) = bodyLen `divMod` queueStatsLength in if m == 0 then d else error ("Body of queue stats reply must be a multiple of " ++ show queueStatsLength) queueStatsLength = 32 getQueueStatsReply = do portNo <- getWord16be skip 2 qid <- getWord32be tx_bytes <- getWord64be tx_packets <- getWord64be tx_errs <- getWord64be return (QueueStats { queueStatsPortID = portNo, queueStatsQueueID = qid, queueStatsTransmittedBytes = fromIntegral tx_bytes, queueStatsTransmittedPackets = fromIntegral tx_packets, queueStatsTransmittedErrors = fromIntegral tx_errs }) #endif getDescriptionReply :: Get Description getDescriptionReply = do mfr <- getCharsRightPadded descLen hw <- getCharsRightPadded descLen sw <- getCharsRightPadded descLen serial <- getCharsRightPadded descLen dp <- getCharsRightPadded serialNumLen return ( Description { manufacturerDesc = mfr , hardwareDesc = hw , softwareDesc = sw , serialNumber = serial #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , datapathDesc = dp #endif } ) where descLen = 256 serialNumLen = 32 getCharsRightPadded :: Int -> Get String getCharsRightPadded n = do bytes <- getWord8s n return [ chr (fromIntegral b) | b <- takeWhile (/=0) bytes] getTableStatsReplies :: Int -> Get [TableStats] getTableStatsReplies bodyLen = sequence (replicate cnt getTableStatsReply) where cnt = let (d,m) = bodyLen `divMod` tableStatsLength in if m == 0 then d else error ("Body of Table stats reply must be a multiple of " ++ show tableStatsLength) tableStatsLength = 64 getTableStatsReply :: Get TableStats getTableStatsReply = do tableID <- getWord8 skip 3 name_bytes <- getWord8s maxTableNameLen let name = [ chr (fromIntegral b) | b <- name_bytes ] wcards <- getWord32be maxEntries <- getWord32be activeCount <- getWord32be lookupCount <- getWord64be matchedCount <- getWord64be return ( TableStats { tableStatsTableID = tableID, tableStatsTableName = name, tableStatsMaxEntries = fromIntegral maxEntries, tableStatsActiveCount = fromIntegral activeCount, tableStatsLookupCount = fromIntegral lookupCount, tableStatsMatchedCount = fromIntegral matchedCount } ) where maxTableNameLen = 32 getFlowStatsReplies :: Int -> Get [FlowStats] getFlowStatsReplies bodyLen | bodyLen == 0 = return [] | otherwise = do (fs,fsLen) <- getFlowStatsReply rest <- getFlowStatsReplies (bodyLen - fsLen) return (fs : rest) getFlowStatsReply :: Get (FlowStats, Int) getFlowStatsReply = do len <- getWord16be tid <- getWord8 skip 1 match <- getMatch dur_sec <- getWord32be #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 dur_nanosec <- getWord32be #endif priority <- getWord16be idle_to <- getWord16be hard_to <- getWord16be #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 skip 6 #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 skip 2 #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 skip 6 cookie <- getWord64be #endif packet_count <- getWord64be byte_count <- getWord64be let numActions = (fromIntegral len - flowStatsReplySize) `div` actionSize actions <- sequence (replicate numActions getAction) let stats = FlowStats { flowStatsTableID = tid, flowStatsMatch = match, flowStatsDurationSeconds = fromIntegral dur_sec, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flowStatsDurationNanoseconds = fromIntegral dur_nanosec, #endif flowStatsPriority = priority, flowStatsIdleTimeout = fromIntegral idle_to, flowStatsHardTimeout = fromIntegral hard_to, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flowStatsCookie = cookie, #endif flowStatsPacketCount = fromIntegral packet_count, flowStatsByteCount = fromIntegral byte_count, flowStatsActions = actions } return (stats, fromIntegral len) where actionSize = 8 #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 flowStatsReplySize = 72 #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flowStatsReplySize = 88 #endif getAction :: Get Action getAction = do action_type <- getWord16be action_len <- getWord16be getActionForType (code2ActionType action_type) action_len getActionForType :: ActionType -> Word16 -> Get Action getActionForType OutputToPortType _ = do port <- getWord16be max_len <- getWord16be return (SendOutPort (action port max_len)) where action !port !max_len | port <= 0xff00 = PhysicalPort port | port == ofppInPort = InPort | port == ofppFlood = Flood | port == ofppAll = AllPhysicalPorts | port == ofppController = ToController max_len | port == ofppTable = WithTable {-# INLINE action #-} getActionForType SetVlanVIDType _ = do vlanid <- getWord16be skip 2 return (SetVlanVID vlanid) getActionForType SetVlanPriorityType _ = do pcp <- getWord8 skip 3 return (SetVlanPriority pcp) getActionForType StripVlanHeaderType _ = do skip 4 return StripVlanHeader getActionForType SetEthSrcAddrType _ = do addr <- getEthernetAddress skip 6 return (SetEthSrcAddr addr) getActionForType SetEthDstAddrType _ = do addr <- getEthernetAddress skip 6 return (SetEthDstAddr addr) getActionForType SetIPSrcAddrType _ = do addr <- getIPAddress return (SetIPSrcAddr addr) getActionForType SetIPDstAddrType _ = do addr <- getIPAddress return (SetIPDstAddr addr) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 getActionForType SetIPTypeOfServiceType _ = do tos <- getWord8 skip 3 return (SetIPToS tos) #endif getActionForType SetTransportSrcPortType _ = do port <- getWord16be return (SetTransportSrcPort port) getActionForType SetTransportDstPortType _ = do port <- getWord16be return (SetTransportDstPort port) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 getActionForType EnqueueType _ = do port <- getWord16be skip 6 qid <- getWord32be return (Enqueue port qid) getActionForType VendorActionType action_len = do vendorid <- getWord32be bytes <- getWord8s (fromIntegral action_len - 2 - 2 - 4) return (VendorAction vendorid bytes) #endif getAggregateStatsReplies :: Int -> Get AggregateFlowStats getAggregateStatsReplies bodyLen = do pkt_cnt <- getWord64be byte_cnt <- getWord64be flow_cnt <- getWord32be skip 4 return (AggregateFlowStats (fromIntegral pkt_cnt) (fromIntegral byte_cnt) (fromIntegral flow_cnt)) getPortStatsReplies :: Int -> Get [(PortID,PortStats)] getPortStatsReplies bodyLen = sequence (replicate numPorts getPortStatsReply) where numPorts = bodyLen `div` portStatsSize portStatsSize = 104 getPortStatsReply :: Get (PortID, PortStats) getPortStatsReply = do port_no <- getWord16be skip 6 rx_packets <- getWord64be tx_packets <- getWord64be rx_bytes <- getWord64be tx_bytes <- getWord64be rx_dropped <- getWord64be tx_dropped <- getWord64be rx_errors <- getWord64be tx_errors <- getWord64be rx_frame_err <- getWord64be rx_over_err <- getWord64be rx_crc_err <- getWord64be collisions <- getWord64be return $ (port_no, PortStats { portStatsReceivedPackets = checkValid rx_packets, portStatsSentPackets = checkValid tx_packets, portStatsReceivedBytes = checkValid rx_bytes, portStatsSentBytes = checkValid tx_bytes, portStatsReceiverDropped = checkValid rx_dropped, portStatsSenderDropped = checkValid tx_dropped, portStatsReceiveErrors = checkValid rx_errors, portStatsTransmitError = checkValid tx_errors, portStatsReceivedFrameErrors = checkValid rx_frame_err, portStatsReceiverOverrunError = checkValid rx_over_err, portStatsReceiverCRCError = checkValid rx_crc_err, portStatsCollisions = checkValid collisions } ) where checkValid :: Word64 -> Maybe Double checkValid x = if x == -1 then Nothing else Just (fromIntegral x) ---------------------------------------------- -- Unparsers for CSMessages ---------------------------------------------- -- | Unparser for @CSMessage@s putCSMessage :: (M.TransactionID, M.CSMessage) -> Put putCSMessage (xid, msg) = case msg of M.FlowMod mod -> do let mod'@(FlowModRecordInternal {..}) = flowModToFlowModInternal mod putH ofptFlowMod (flowModSizeInBytes' actions') putFlowMod mod' M.PacketOut packetOut -> {-# SCC "putCSMessage1" #-} do putH ofptPacketOut (sendPacketSizeInBytes packetOut) putSendPacket packetOut M.CSHello -> putH ofptHello headerSize M.CSEchoRequest bytes -> do putH ofptEchoRequest (headerSize + length bytes) putWord8s bytes M.CSEchoReply bytes -> do putH ofptEchoReply (headerSize + length bytes) putWord8s bytes M.FeaturesRequest -> putH ofptFeaturesRequest headerSize M.PortMod portModRecord -> do putH ofptPortMod portModLength putPortMod portModRecord M.BarrierRequest -> do putH ofptBarrierRequest headerSize M.StatsRequest request -> do putH ofptStatsRequest (statsRequestSize request) putStatsRequest request M.GetQueueConfig request -> do putH ofptQueueGetConfigRequest 12 putQueueConfigRequest request M.ExtQueueModify p qCfgs -> do putH ofptVendor (headerSize + 16 + sum (map lenQueueConfig qCfgs)) putWord32be 0x000026e1 -- OPENFLOW_VENDOR_ID putWord32be 0 -- OFP_EXT_QUEUE_MODIFY putWord16be p putWord32be 0 >> putWord16be 0 mapM_ putQueueConfig qCfgs M.ExtQueueDelete p qCfgs -> do putH ofptVendor (headerSize + 16 + sum(map lenQueueConfig qCfgs)) putWord32be 0x000026e1 -- OPENFLOW_VENDOR_ID putWord32be 1 -- OFP_EXT_QUEUE_DELETE putWord16be p putWord32be 0 >> putWord16be 0 mapM_ putQueueConfig qCfgs M.Vendor bytes -> do putH ofptVendor (headerSize + BS.length bytes) putByteString bytes where vid = ofpVersion putH tcode len = putHeader (OFPHeader vid tcode (fromIntegral len) xid) {-# INLINE putCSMessage #-} putQueueConfigRequest :: QueueConfigRequest -> Put putQueueConfigRequest (QueueConfigRequest portID) = do putWord16be portID putWord16be 0 --padding ------------------------------------------ -- Unparser for packet out message ------------------------------------------ sendPacketSizeInBytes :: PacketOut -> Int sendPacketSizeInBytes (PacketOutRecord bufferIDData _ actions) = headerSize + 4 + 2 + 2 + sum (map actionSizeInBytes actions) + fromIntegral (either (const 0) B.length bufferIDData) {-# INLINE putSendPacket #-} putSendPacket :: PacketOut -> Put putSendPacket (PacketOutRecord {..}) = do {-# SCC "putSendPacket1" #-} putWord32be $ either id (const (-1)) bufferIDData {-# SCC "putSendPacket2" #-} putWord16be (maybe ofppNone id packetInPort) {-# SCC "putSendPacket3" #-} putWord16be (fromIntegral actionArraySize) {-# SCC "putSendPacket4" #-} mapM_ putAction packetActions {-# SCC "putSendPacket5" #-} either (const $ return ()) putByteString bufferIDData where actionArraySize = {-# SCC "putSendPacket6" #-} sum $ map actionSizeInBytes packetActions getPacketOut :: Int -> Get PacketOut getPacketOut len = do bufID' <- getWord32be port' <- getWord16be actionArraySize' <- getWord16be actions <- getActionsOfSize (fromIntegral actionArraySize') x <- remaining packetData <- if bufID' == -1 then let bytesOfData = len - headerSize - 4 - 2 - 2 - fromIntegral actionArraySize' in getByteString (fromIntegral bytesOfData) else return B.empty return $ PacketOutRecord { bufferIDData = if bufID' == -1 then Right packetData else Left bufID' , packetInPort = if port' == ofppNone then Nothing else Just port' , packetActions = actions } getActionsOfSize :: Int -> Get [Action] getActionsOfSize n | n > 0 = do a <- getAction as <- getActionsOfSize (n - actionSizeInBytes a) return (a : as) | n == 0 = return [] | n < 0 = error "bad number of actions or bad action size" {-# INLINE getActionsOfSize #-} ------------------------------------------ -- Unparser for flow mod message ------------------------------------------ #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 flowModSizeInBytes' :: [Action] -> Int flowModSizeInBytes' actions = headerSize + matchSize + 20 + sum (map actionSizeInBytes actions) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 flowModSizeInBytes' :: [Action] -> Int flowModSizeInBytes' actions = headerSize + matchSize + 20 + sum (map actionSizeInBytes actions) #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flowModSizeInBytes' :: [Action] -> Int flowModSizeInBytes' actions = headerSize + matchSize + 24 + sum (map actionSizeInBytes actions) #endif data FlowModRecordInternal = FlowModRecordInternal { command' :: FlowModType , match' :: Match , actions' :: [Action] , priority' :: Priority , idleTimeOut' :: Maybe TimeOut , hardTimeOut' :: Maybe TimeOut #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , flags' :: [FlowModFlag] #endif , bufferID' :: Maybe BufferID , outPort' :: Maybe PseudoPort #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 , cookie' :: Cookie #endif } deriving (Eq,Show) -- | Specification: @ofp_flow_mod_command@. data FlowModType = FlowAddType | FlowModifyType | FlowModifyStrictType | FlowDeleteType | FlowDeleteStrictType deriving (Show,Eq,Ord) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 -- | A set of flow mod attributes can be added to a flow modification command. data FlowModFlag = SendFlowRemoved | CheckOverlap | Emergency deriving (Show,Eq,Ord,Enum) #endif flowModToFlowModInternal :: FlowMod -> FlowModRecordInternal flowModToFlowModInternal (DeleteFlows {..}) = FlowModRecordInternal {match' = match, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 cookie' = 0, #endif command' = FlowDeleteType, idleTimeOut' = Nothing, hardTimeOut' = Nothing, priority' = 0, bufferID' = Nothing, outPort' = outPort, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flags' = [], #endif actions' = [] } flowModToFlowModInternal (DeleteExactFlow {..}) = FlowModRecordInternal {match' = match, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 cookie' = 0, #endif command' = FlowDeleteStrictType, idleTimeOut' = Nothing, hardTimeOut' = Nothing, priority' = priority, bufferID' = Nothing, outPort' = outPort, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flags' = [], #endif actions' = [] } flowModToFlowModInternal (AddFlow {..}) = FlowModRecordInternal { match' = match, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 cookie' = cookie, #endif command' = FlowAddType, idleTimeOut' = Just idleTimeOut, hardTimeOut' = Just hardTimeOut, priority' = priority, bufferID' = applyToPacket, outPort' = Nothing, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flags' = concat [ if not overlapAllowed then [CheckOverlap] else [], if notifyWhenRemoved then [SendFlowRemoved] else []] , #endif actions' = actions } flowModToFlowModInternal (AddEmergencyFlow {..}) = FlowModRecordInternal { match' = match, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 cookie' = cookie, #endif command' = FlowAddType, idleTimeOut' = Nothing, hardTimeOut' = Nothing, priority' = priority, bufferID' = Nothing, outPort' = Nothing, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flags' = Emergency : if not overlapAllowed then [CheckOverlap] else [], #endif actions' = actions } flowModToFlowModInternal (ModifyFlows {..}) = FlowModRecordInternal {match' = match, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 cookie' = ifMissingCookie, #endif command' = FlowModifyType, idleTimeOut' = Just ifMissingIdleTimeOut, hardTimeOut' = Just ifMissingHardTimeOut, priority' = ifMissingPriority, bufferID' = Nothing, outPort' = Nothing, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flags' = concat [ if not ifMissingOverlapAllowed then [CheckOverlap] else [], if ifMissingNotifyWhenRemoved then [SendFlowRemoved] else []] , #endif actions' = newActions } flowModToFlowModInternal (ModifyExactFlow {..}) = FlowModRecordInternal {match' = match, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 cookie' = ifMissingCookie, #endif command' = FlowModifyStrictType, idleTimeOut' = Just ifMissingIdleTimeOut, hardTimeOut' = Just ifMissingHardTimeOut, priority' = priority, bufferID' = Nothing, outPort' = Nothing, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flags' = concat [ if not ifMissingOverlapAllowed then [CheckOverlap] else [], if ifMissingNotifyWhenRemoved then [SendFlowRemoved] else []] , #endif actions' = newActions } #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 putFlowMod :: FlowModRecordInternal -> Put putFlowMod (FlowModRecordInternal {..}) = do putMatch match' putWord16be $ flowModTypeBimap ! command' putWord16be $ maybeTimeOutToCode idleTimeOut' putWord16be $ maybeTimeOutToCode hardTimeOut' putWord16be priority' putWord32be $ maybe (-1) id bufferID' putWord16be $ maybe ofppNone fakePort2Code outPort' putWord16be 0 putWord32be 0 sequence_ [putAction a | a <- actions'] #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 putFlowMod :: FlowModRecordInternal -> Put putFlowMod (FlowModRecordInternal {..}) = do putMatch match' putWord16be $ flowModTypeBimap ! command' putWord16be $ maybeTimeOutToCode idleTimeOut' putWord16be $ maybeTimeOutToCode hardTimeOut' putWord16be priority' putWord32be $ maybe (-1) id bufferID' putWord16be $ maybe ofppNone fakePort2Code outPort' putWord16be $ flagSet2BitMap flags' putWord32be 0 sequence_ [putAction a | a <- actions'] #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 putFlowMod :: FlowModRecordInternal -> Put putFlowMod (FlowModRecordInternal {..}) = do putMatch match' putWord64be cookie' putWord16be $ flowModTypeBimap ! command' putWord16be $ maybeTimeOutToCode idleTimeOut' putWord16be $ maybeTimeOutToCode hardTimeOut' putWord16be priority' putWord32be $ maybe (-1) id bufferID' putWord16be $ maybe ofppNone fakePort2Code outPort' putWord16be $ flagSet2BitMap flags' sequence_ [putAction a | a <- actions'] getBufferID :: Get (Maybe BufferID) getBufferID = do w <- getWord32be if w == -1 then return Nothing else return (Just w) getOutPort :: Get (Maybe PseudoPort) getOutPort = do w <- getWord16be if w == ofppNone then return Nothing else return (Just (code2FakePort w)) getFlowModInternal :: Int -> Get FlowModRecordInternal getFlowModInternal len = do match <- getMatch cookie <- getWord64be modType <- getFlowModType idleTimeOut <- getTimeOutFromCode hardTimeOut <- getTimeOutFromCode priority <- getWord16be mBufferID <- getBufferID outPort <- getOutPort flags <- getFlowModFlags let bytesInActionList = len - 72 actions <- getActionsOfSize (fromIntegral bytesInActionList) return $ FlowModRecordInternal { command' = modType , match' = match , actions' = actions , priority' = priority , idleTimeOut' = idleTimeOut , hardTimeOut' = hardTimeOut , flags' = flags , bufferID' = mBufferID , outPort' = outPort , cookie' = cookie } getFlowMod :: Int -> Get FlowMod getFlowMod len = getFlowModInternal len >>= return . flowModInternal2FlowMod flowModInternal2FlowMod :: FlowModRecordInternal -> FlowMod flowModInternal2FlowMod (FlowModRecordInternal {..}) = case command' of FlowDeleteType -> DeleteFlows { match = match', outPort = outPort' } FlowDeleteStrictType -> DeleteExactFlow { match = match', outPort = outPort', priority = priority' } FlowAddType -> if elem Emergency flags' then AddEmergencyFlow { match = match' , priority = priority' , actions = actions' , cookie = cookie' , overlapAllowed = elem CheckOverlap flags' } else AddFlow { match = match' , priority = priority' , actions = actions' , cookie = cookie' , idleTimeOut = fromJust idleTimeOut' , hardTimeOut = fromJust hardTimeOut' , notifyWhenRemoved = elem SendFlowRemoved flags' , applyToPacket = bufferID' , overlapAllowed = elem CheckOverlap flags' } FlowModifyType -> ModifyFlows { match = match' , newActions = actions' , ifMissingPriority = priority' , ifMissingCookie = cookie' , ifMissingIdleTimeOut = fromJust idleTimeOut' , ifMissingHardTimeOut = fromJust hardTimeOut' , ifMissingOverlapAllowed = CheckOverlap `elem` flags' , ifMissingNotifyWhenRemoved = SendFlowRemoved `elem` flags' } FlowModifyStrictType -> ModifyExactFlow { match = match' , newActions = actions' , priority = priority' , ifMissingCookie = cookie' , ifMissingIdleTimeOut = fromJust idleTimeOut' , ifMissingHardTimeOut = fromJust hardTimeOut' , ifMissingOverlapAllowed = CheckOverlap `elem` flags' , ifMissingNotifyWhenRemoved = SendFlowRemoved `elem` flags' } #endif maybeTimeOutToCode :: Maybe TimeOut -> Word16 maybeTimeOutToCode Nothing = 0 maybeTimeOutToCode (Just to) = case to of Permanent -> 0 ExpireAfter t -> t {-# INLINE maybeTimeOutToCode #-} getTimeOutFromCode :: Get (Maybe TimeOut) getTimeOutFromCode = do code <- getWord16be if code == 0 then return Nothing else return (Just (ExpireAfter code)) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 flagSet2BitMap :: [FlowModFlag] -> Word16 flagSet2BitMap flagSet = foldl (.|.) 0 bitMasks where bitMasks = map (\f -> fromJust $ lookup f flowModFlagToBitMaskBijection) flagSet flowModFlagToBitMaskBijection :: [(FlowModFlag,Word16)] flowModFlagToBitMaskBijection = [(SendFlowRemoved, shiftL 1 0), (CheckOverlap, shiftL 1 1), (Emergency, shiftL 1 2) ] bitMap2FlagSet :: Word16 -> [FlowModFlag] bitMap2FlagSet w = [ flag | (flag,mask) <- flowModFlagToBitMaskBijection, mask .&. w /= 0 ] getFlowModFlags :: Get [FlowModFlag] getFlowModFlags = do w <- getWord16be return (bitMap2FlagSet w) #endif ofpfcAdd, ofpfcModify, ofpfcModifyStrict, ofpfcDelete, ofpfcDeleteStrict :: Word16 ofpfcAdd = 0 ofpfcModify = 1 ofpfcModifyStrict = 2 ofpfcDelete = 3 ofpfcDeleteStrict = 4 flowModTypeBimap :: Bimap FlowModType Word16 flowModTypeBimap = Bimap.fromList [ (FlowAddType, ofpfcAdd), (FlowModifyType, ofpfcModify), (FlowModifyStrictType, ofpfcModifyStrict), (FlowDeleteType, ofpfcDelete), (FlowDeleteStrictType, ofpfcDeleteStrict) ] getFlowModType :: Get FlowModType getFlowModType = do code <- getWord16be return (flowModTypeBimap !> code) putAction :: Action -> Put putAction act = case act of (SendOutPort port) -> do -- putWord16be 0 -- putWord16be 8 putWord32be 8 putPseudoPort port (SetVlanVID vlanid) -> do putWord16be 1 putWord16be 8 putWord16be vlanid putWord16be 0 (SetVlanPriority priority) -> do putWord16be 2 putWord16be 8 putWord8 priority putWord8 0 putWord8 0 putWord8 0 (StripVlanHeader) -> do putWord16be 3 putWord16be 8 putWord32be 0 (SetEthSrcAddr addr) -> do putWord16be 4 putWord16be 16 putEthernetAddress addr sequence_ (replicate 6 (putWord8 0)) (SetEthDstAddr addr) -> do putWord16be 5 putWord16be 16 putEthernetAddress addr sequence_ (replicate 6 (putWord8 0)) (SetIPSrcAddr addr) -> do putWord16be 6 putWord16be 8 putWord32be (ipAddressToWord32 addr) (SetIPDstAddr addr) -> do putWord16be 7 putWord16be 8 putWord32be (ipAddressToWord32 addr) (SetIPToS tos) -> do putWord16be 8 putWord16be 8 putWord8 tos sequence_ (replicate 3 (putWord8 0)) (SetTransportSrcPort port) -> do putWord16be 9 putWord16be 8 putWord16be port putWord16be 0 (SetTransportDstPort port) -> do putWord16be 10 putWord16be 8 putWord16be port putWord16be 0 (Enqueue port qid) -> do putWord16be 11 putWord16be 16 putWord16be port sequence_ (replicate 6 (putWord8 0)) putWord32be qid (VendorAction vendorID bytes) -> do let l = 2 + 2 + 4 + length bytes when (l `mod` 8 /= 0) (error "Vendor action must have enough data to make the action length a multiple of 8 bytes") putWord16be 0xffff putWord16be (fromIntegral l) putWord32be vendorID mapM_ putWord8 bytes putPseudoPort :: PseudoPort -> Put putPseudoPort (ToController maxLen) = do putWord16be ofppController putWord16be maxLen putPseudoPort port = do putWord16be (fakePort2Code port) putWord16be 0 {-# INLINE putPseudoPort #-} actionSizeInBytes :: Action -> Int actionSizeInBytes (SendOutPort _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes (SetVlanVID _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes (SetVlanPriority _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes StripVlanHeader = 8 actionSizeInBytes (SetEthSrcAddr _) = 16 actionSizeInBytes (SetEthDstAddr _) = 16 actionSizeInBytes (SetIPSrcAddr _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes (SetIPDstAddr _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes (SetIPToS _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes (SetTransportSrcPort _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes (SetTransportDstPort _) = 8 actionSizeInBytes (Enqueue _ _) = 16 actionSizeInBytes (VendorAction _ bytes) = let l = 2 + 2 + 4 + length bytes in if l `mod` 8 /= 0 then error "Vendor action must have enough data to make the action length a multiple of 8 bytes" else l {-# INLINE actionSizeInBytes #-} typeOfAction :: Action -> ActionType typeOfAction !a = case a of SendOutPort _ -> OutputToPortType SetVlanVID _ -> SetVlanVIDType SetVlanPriority _ -> SetVlanPriorityType StripVlanHeader -> StripVlanHeaderType SetEthSrcAddr _ -> SetEthSrcAddrType SetEthDstAddr _ -> SetEthDstAddrType SetIPSrcAddr _ -> SetIPSrcAddrType SetIPDstAddr _ -> SetIPDstAddrType SetIPToS _ -> SetIPTypeOfServiceType SetTransportSrcPort _ -> SetTransportSrcPortType SetTransportDstPort _ -> SetTransportDstPortType Enqueue _ _ -> EnqueueType VendorAction _ _ -> VendorActionType {-# INLINE typeOfAction #-} ------------------------------------------ -- Port mod unparser ------------------------------------------ portModLength :: Word16 portModLength = 32 putPortMod :: PortMod -> Put putPortMod (PortModRecord {..} ) = do putWord16be portNumber putEthernetAddress hwAddr putConfigBitMap putMaskBitMap putAdvertiseBitMap putPad where putConfigBitMap = putWord32be (portAttributeSet2BitMask onAttrs) putMaskBitMap = putWord32be (portAttributeSet2BitMask offAttrs) putAdvertiseBitMap = putWord32be 0 putPad = putWord32be 0 attrsChanging = List.union onAttrs offAttrs onAttrs = Map.keys $ Map.filter (==True) attributesToSet offAttrs = Map.keys $ Map.filter (==False) attributesToSet ---------------------------------------- -- Stats requests unparser ---------------------------------------- statsRequestSize :: StatsRequest -> Int statsRequestSize (FlowStatsRequest _ _ _) = headerSize + 2 + 2 + matchSize + 1 + 1 + 2 #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 statsRequestSize (PortStatsRequest) = headerSize + 2 + 2 #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 statsRequestSize (PortStatsRequest _) = headerSize + 2 + 2 + 2 + 6 #endif statsRequestSize (DescriptionRequest) = headerSize + 2 + 2 putStatsRequest :: StatsRequest -> Put putStatsRequest (FlowStatsRequest match tableQuery mPort) = do putWord16be ofpstFlow putWord16be 0 putMatch match putWord8 (tableQueryToCode tableQuery) putWord8 0 --pad putWord16be $ maybe ofppNone fakePort2Code mPort putStatsRequest (AggregateFlowStatsRequest match tableQuery mPort) = do putWord16be ofpstAggregate putWord16be 0 putMatch match putWord8 (tableQueryToCode tableQuery) putWord8 0 --pad putWord16be $ maybe ofppNone fakePort2Code mPort putStatsRequest TableStatsRequest = do putWord16be ofpstTable putWord16be 0 putStatsRequest DescriptionRequest = do putWord16be ofpstDesc putWord16be 0 #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 putStatsRequest PortStatsRequest = do putWord16be ofpstPort putWord16be 0 #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 putStatsRequest (QueueStatsRequest portQuery queueQuery) = do putWord16be ofpstQueue putWord16be 0 putWord16be (queryToPortNumber portQuery) putWord16be 0 --padding putWord32be (queryToQueueID queueQuery) putStatsRequest (PortStatsRequest query) = do putWord16be ofpstPort putWord16be 0 putWord16be (queryToPortNumber query) sequence_ (replicate 6 (putWord8 0)) queryToPortNumber :: PortQuery -> Word16 queryToPortNumber AllPorts = ofppNone queryToPortNumber (SinglePort p) = p queryToQueueID :: QueueQuery -> QueueID queryToQueueID AllQueues = 0xffffffff queryToQueueID (SingleQueue q) = q #endif ofppInPort, ofppTable, ofppNormal, ofppFlood, ofppAll, ofppController, ofppLocal, ofppNone :: Word16 ofppInPort = 0xfff8 ofppTable = 0xfff9 ofppNormal = 0xfffa ofppFlood = 0xfffb ofppAll = 0xfffc ofppController = 0xfffd ofppLocal = 0xfffe ofppNone = 0xffff fakePort2Code :: PseudoPort -> Word16 fakePort2Code (PhysicalPort portID) = portID fakePort2Code InPort = ofppInPort fakePort2Code Flood = ofppFlood fakePort2Code AllPhysicalPorts = ofppAll fakePort2Code (ToController _) = ofppController fakePort2Code NormalSwitching = ofppNormal fakePort2Code WithTable = ofppTable {-# INLINE fakePort2Code #-} code2FakePort :: Word16 -> PseudoPort code2FakePort w | w <= 0xff00 = PhysicalPort w | w == ofppInPort = InPort | w == ofppFlood = Flood | w == ofppAll = AllPhysicalPorts | w == ofppController = ToController 0 | w == ofppNormal = NormalSwitching | w == ofppTable = WithTable | otherwise = error ("unknown pseudo port number: " ++ show w) tableQueryToCode :: TableQuery -> Word8 tableQueryToCode AllTables = 0xff #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 tableQueryToCode EmergencyTable = 0xfe #endif tableQueryToCode (Table t) = t #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==151 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 ofpstDesc, ofpstFlow, ofpstAggregate, ofpstTable, ofpstPort, ofpstVendor :: Word16 ofpstDesc = 0 ofpstFlow = 1 ofpstAggregate = 2 ofpstTable = 3 ofpstPort = 4 ofpstVendor = 0xffff #endif #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 ofpstDesc, ofpstFlow, ofpstAggregate, ofpstTable, ofpstPort, ofpstQueue, ofpstVendor :: Word16 ofpstDesc = 0 ofpstFlow = 1 ofpstAggregate = 2 ofpstTable = 3 ofpstPort = 4 ofpstQueue = 5 ofpstVendor = 0xffff #endif --------------------------------------------- -- Parser and Unparser for Match --------------------------------------------- matchSize :: Int matchSize = 40 getMatch :: Get Match getMatch = do wcards <- getWord32be inport <- getWord16be srcEthAddr <- getEthernetAddress dstEthAddr <- getEthernetAddress dl_vlan <- getWord16be dl_vlan_pcp <- getWord8 skip 1 dl_type <- getWord16be nw_tos <- getWord8 nw_proto <- getWord8 skip 2 nw_src <- getWord32be nw_dst <- getWord32be tp_src <- getWord16be tp_dst <- getWord16be return $ ofpMatch2Match $ OFPMatch wcards inport srcEthAddr dstEthAddr dl_vlan dl_vlan_pcp dl_type nw_tos nw_proto nw_src nw_dst tp_src tp_dst putMatch :: Match -> Put putMatch m = do putWord32be $ ofpm_wildcards m' putWord16be $ ofpm_in_port m' putEthernetAddress $ ofpm_dl_src m' putEthernetAddress $ ofpm_dl_dst m' putWord16be $ ofpm_dl_vlan m' putWord8 $ ofpm_dl_vlan_pcp m' putWord8 0 -- padding putWord16be $ ofpm_dl_type m' putWord8 $ ofpm_nw_tos m' putWord8 $ ofpm_nw_proto m' putWord16be 0 -- padding putWord32be $ ofpm_nw_src m' putWord32be $ ofpm_nw_dst m' putWord16be $ ofpm_tp_src m' putWord16be $ ofpm_tp_dst m' where m' = match2OFPMatch m data OFPMatch = OFPMatch { ofpm_wildcards :: !Word32, ofpm_in_port :: !Word16, ofpm_dl_src, ofpm_dl_dst :: !EthernetAddress, ofpm_dl_vlan :: !Word16, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 ofpm_dl_vlan_pcp :: !Word8, #endif ofpm_dl_type :: !Word16, #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 ofpm_nw_tos :: !Word8, #endif ofpm_nw_proto :: !Word8, ofpm_nw_src, ofpm_nw_dst :: !Word32, ofpm_tp_src, ofpm_tp_dst :: !Word16 } deriving (Show,Eq) ofpMatch2Match :: OFPMatch -> Match ofpMatch2Match ofpm = Match (getField 0 ofpm_in_port) (getField 2 ofpm_dl_src) (getField 3 ofpm_dl_dst) (getField 1 ofpm_dl_vlan) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==152 || OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 (getField 20 ofpm_dl_vlan_pcp) #endif (getField 4 ofpm_dl_type) #if OPENFLOW_VERSION==1 (getField 21 ofpm_nw_tos) #endif (getField 5 ofpm_nw_proto) (IPAddress (ofpm_nw_src ofpm) // src_prefix_len) (IPAddress (ofpm_nw_dst ofpm) // dst_prefix_len) (getField 6 ofpm_tp_src) (getField 7 ofpm_tp_dst) where getField wcindex getter = if testBit (ofpm_wildcards ofpm) wcindex then Nothing else Just (getter ofpm) nw_src_shift = 8 nw_dst_shift = 14 nw_src_mask = shiftL ((shiftL 1 6) - 1) nw_src_shift nw_dst_mask = shiftL ((shiftL 1 6) - 1) nw_dst_shift nw_src_num_ignored = fromIntegral (shiftR (ofpm_wildcards ofpm .&. nw_src_mask) nw_src_shift) nw_dst_num_ignored = fromIntegral (shiftR (ofpm_wildcards ofpm .&. nw_dst_mask) nw_dst_shift) src_prefix_len = 32 - min 32 nw_src_num_ignored dst_prefix_len = 32 - min 32 nw_dst_num_ignored match2OFPMatch :: Match -> OFPMatch match2OFPMatch (Match {..}) = OFPMatch { ofpm_wildcards = wildcard', ofpm_in_port = maybe 0 id inPort, ofpm_dl_src = maybe nullEthAddr id srcEthAddress, ofpm_dl_dst = maybe nullEthAddr id dstEthAddress, ofpm_dl_vlan = maybe 0 id vLANID, ofpm_dl_vlan_pcp = maybe 0 id vLANPriority, ofpm_dl_type = maybe 0 id ethFrameType, ofpm_nw_tos = maybe 0 id ipTypeOfService, ofpm_nw_proto = maybe 0 id matchIPProtocol, ofpm_nw_src = fromIntegral $ ipAddressToWord32 $ addressPart srcIPAddress, ofpm_nw_dst = fromIntegral $ ipAddressToWord32 $ addressPart dstIPAddress, ofpm_tp_src = maybe 0 id srcTransportPort, ofpm_tp_dst = maybe 0 id dstTransportPort } where wildcard' :: Word32 wildcard' = shiftL (fromIntegral numIgnoredBitsSrc) 8 .|. shiftL (fromIntegral numIgnoredBitsDst) 14 .|. (maybe (flip setBit 0) (const id) inPort $ maybe (flip setBit 1) (const id) vLANID $ maybe (flip setBit 2) (const id) srcEthAddress $ maybe (flip setBit 3) (const id) dstEthAddress $ maybe (flip setBit 4) (const id) ethFrameType $ maybe (flip setBit 5) (const id) matchIPProtocol $ maybe (flip setBit 6) (const id) srcTransportPort $ maybe (flip setBit 7) (const id) dstTransportPort $ maybe (flip setBit 20) (const id) vLANPriority $ maybe (flip setBit 21) (const id) ipTypeOfService $ 0 ) numIgnoredBitsSrc = 32 - (prefixLength srcIPAddress) numIgnoredBitsDst = 32 - (prefixLength dstIPAddress) nullEthAddr = ethernetAddress 0 0 0 0 0 0 lenQueueProp (MinRateQueue _) = 16 lenQueueProp (MaxRateQueue _) = 16 putQueueProp (MinRateQueue (Enabled rate)) = putQueueProp' ofpqtMinRate rate putQueueProp (MaxRateQueue (Enabled rate)) = putQueueProp' ofpqtMaxRate rate -- struct ofp_queue_prop_min_rate putQueueProp' propType rate = do putWord16be propType putWord16be 16 -- length putWord32be 0 -- padding putWord16be rate putWord32be 0 -- padding putWord16be 0 --padding lenQueueConfig (QueueConfig _ props) = 8 + sum (map lenQueueProp props) -- struct ofp_packet_queue putQueueConfig (QueueConfig qid props) = do putWord32be qid putWord16be (8 + sum (map lenQueueProp props)) putWord16be 0 -- padding mapM_ putQueueProp props ----------------------------------- -- Utilities ----------------------------------- getWord8s :: Int -> Get [Word8] getWord8s n = sequence $ replicate n getWord8 putWord8s :: [Word8] -> Put putWord8s bytes = sequence_ [putWord8 b | b <- bytes]
brownsys/nettle-openflow
src/Nettle/OpenFlow/MessagesBinary.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
76,633
module Main where import Data.List (intersperse) import Data.List.Split (splitOn) import System.Environment (getArgs) import Control.Distributed.Task.Distribution.LogConfiguration (initDefaultLogging) import Control.Distributed.Task.Distribution.RunComputation import Control.Distributed.Task.Distribution.TaskDistribution (startSlaveNode, showSlaveNodes, showSlaveNodesWithData, shutdownSlaveNodes) import Control.Distributed.Task.TaskSpawning.RemoteExecutionSupport import Control.Distributed.Task.Types.HdfsConfigTypes import Control.Distributed.Task.Types.TaskTypes import FullBinaryExamples import RemoteExecutable import DemoTask main :: IO () main = withRemoteExecutionSupport calculateRatio $ do initDefaultLogging "" args <- getArgs case args of ("master" : masterArgs) -> runMaster (parseMasterOpts masterArgs) ["slave", slaveHost, slavePort] -> startSlaveNode (slaveHost, (read slavePort)) ["showslaves"] -> showSlaveNodes localConfig ["slaveswithhdfsdata", host, port, hdfsFilePath] -> showSlaveNodesWithData (host, read port) hdfsFilePath ["shutdown"] -> shutdownSlaveNodes localConfig _ -> userSyntaxError "unknown mode" -- note: assumes no nodes with that configuration, should be read as parameters localConfig :: HdfsConfig localConfig = ("localhost", 44440) userSyntaxError :: String -> undefined userSyntaxError reason = error $ usageInfo ++ reason ++ "\n" usageInfo :: String usageInfo = "Syntax: master" ++ " <host>" ++ " <port>" ++ " <module:<module path>|fullbinary|serializethunkdemo:<demo function>:<demo arg>|objectcodedemo>" ++ " <simpledata:numDBs|hdfs:<file path>[:<subdir depth>[:<filename filter prefix>]]" ++ " <collectonmaster|discard|storeinhdfs:<outputprefix>[:<outputsuffix>]>\n" ++ "| slave <slave host> <slave port>\n" ++ "| showslaves\n" ++ "| slaveswithhdfsdata <thrift host> <thrift port> <hdfs file path>\n" ++ "| shutdown\n" ++ "\n" ++ "demo functions (with demo arg description): append:<suffix> | filter:<infixfilter> | visitcalc:unused \n" parseMasterOpts :: [String] -> MasterOptions parseMasterOpts args = case args of [masterHost, port, taskSpec, dataSpec, resultSpec] -> MasterOptions masterHost (read port) (parseTaskSpec taskSpec) (parseDataSpec dataSpec) (parseResultSpec resultSpec) _ -> userSyntaxError "wrong number of master options" where parseTaskSpec :: String -> TaskSpec parseTaskSpec taskArgs = case splitOn ":" taskArgs of ["module", modulePath] -> SourceCodeSpec modulePath ["fullbinary"] -> FullBinaryDeployment ["serializethunkdemo", demoFunction, demoArg] -> mkSerializeThunkDemoArgs demoFunction demoArg ["objectcodedemo"] -> ObjectCodeModuleDeployment remoteExecutable _ -> userSyntaxError $ "unknown task specification: " ++ taskArgs where mkSerializeThunkDemoArgs :: String -> String -> TaskSpec mkSerializeThunkDemoArgs "append" demoArg = SerializedThunk (appendDemo demoArg) mkSerializeThunkDemoArgs "filter" demoArg = SerializedThunk (filterDemo demoArg) mkSerializeThunkDemoArgs "visitcalc" _ = SerializedThunk calculateRatio mkSerializeThunkDemoArgs d a = userSyntaxError $ "unknown demo: " ++ d ++ ":" ++ a parseDataSpec :: String -> DataSpec parseDataSpec inputArgs = case splitOn ":" inputArgs of ["simpledata", numDBs] -> SimpleDataSpec $ read numDBs ("hdfs": hdfsPath: rest) -> HdfsDataSpec hdfsPath depth filter' where depth = if length rest > 0 then read (rest !! 0) else 0; filter' = if length rest > 1 then Just (rest !! 1) else Nothing _ -> userSyntaxError $ "unknown data specification: " ++ inputArgs parseResultSpec resultArgs = case splitOn ":" resultArgs of ["collectonmaster"] -> CollectOnMaster resultProcessor ("storeinhdfs":outputPrefix:rest) -> StoreInHdfs outputPrefix $ if null rest then "" else head rest ["discard"] -> Discard _ -> userSyntaxError $ "unknown result specification: " ++ resultArgs resultProcessor :: [TaskResult] -> IO () resultProcessor res = do putStrLn $ joinStrings "\n" $ map show $ concat res putStrLn $ "got " ++ (show $ length $ concat res) ++ " results in total" joinStrings :: String -> [String] -> String joinStrings separator = concat . intersperse separator
michaxm/task-distribution
app/Main.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
4,444
module Mistral.TypeCheck.Interface ( genIface ) where import Mistral.ModuleSystem.Interface import Mistral.TypeCheck.AST import Mistral.Utils.SCC ( groupElems ) import Data.Foldable ( foldMap ) import qualified Data.Map as Map -- | Generate an interface from a core module. genIface :: Module -> Iface genIface m = Iface { ifaceModName = modName m , ifaceDeps = modDeps m , ifaceDatas = modDatas m , ifaceBinds = modTypes m , ifaceTySyns = Map.empty , ifaceTypes = Map.empty , ifaceInsts = modInsts m } -- | Generate the binding map for a core module. modTypes :: Module -> Map.Map Name IfaceBind modTypes m = foldMap Map.fromList [ concatMap (map modBindType . groupElems) (modBinds m) ] modBindType :: Bind a -> (Name, IfaceBind) modBindType b = (bName b, IfaceBind (bType b))
GaloisInc/mistral
src/Mistral/TypeCheck/Interface.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
927
module ETA.TypeCheck.TcFlatten( FlattenEnv(..), FlattenMode(..), mkFlattenEnv, flatten, flattenMany, flatten_many, flattenFamApp, flattenTyVarOuter, unflatten, eqCanRewrite, eqCanRewriteFR, canRewriteOrSame, CtFlavourRole, ctEvFlavourRole, ctFlavourRole ) where import ETA.TypeCheck.TcRnTypes import ETA.TypeCheck.TcType import ETA.Types.Type import ETA.TypeCheck.TcEvidence import ETA.Types.TyCon import ETA.Types.TypeRep import ETA.Types.Kind( isSubKind ) import ETA.Types.Coercion ( tyConRolesX ) import ETA.BasicTypes.Var import ETA.BasicTypes.VarEnv import ETA.BasicTypes.NameEnv import ETA.Utils.Outputable import ETA.BasicTypes.VarSet import ETA.TypeCheck.TcSMonad as TcS import ETA.Main.DynFlags( DynFlags ) import ETA.Utils.Util import ETA.Utils.Bag import ETA.Utils.FastString import Control.Monad( when, liftM ) import ETA.Utils.MonadUtils ( zipWithAndUnzipM ) import GHC.Exts ( inline ) {- Note [The flattening story] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * A CFunEqCan is either of form [G] <F xis> : F xis ~ fsk -- fsk is a FlatSkol [W] x : F xis ~ fmv -- fmv is a unification variable, -- but untouchable, -- with MetaInfo = FlatMetaTv where x is the witness variable fsk/fmv is a flatten skolem xis are function-free CFunEqCans are always [Wanted], or [Given], never [Derived] fmv untouchable just means that in a CTyVarEq, say, fmv ~ Int we do NOT unify fmv. * KEY INSIGHTS: - A given flatten-skolem, fsk, is known a-priori to be equal to F xis (the LHS), with <F xis> evidence - A unification flatten-skolem, fmv, stands for the as-yet-unknown type to which (F xis) will eventually reduce * Inert set invariant: if F xis1 ~ fsk1, F xis2 ~ fsk2 then xis1 /= xis2 i.e. at most one CFunEqCan with a particular LHS * Each canonical CFunEqCan x : F xis ~ fsk/fmv has its own distinct evidence variable x and flatten-skolem fsk/fmv. Why? We make a fresh fsk/fmv when the constraint is born; and we never rewrite the RHS of a CFunEqCan. * Function applications can occur in the RHS of a CTyEqCan. No reason not allow this, and it reduces the amount of flattening that must occur. * Flattening a type (F xis): - If we are flattening in a Wanted/Derived constraint then create new [W] x : F xis ~ fmv else create new [G] x : F xis ~ fsk with fresh evidence variable x and flatten-skolem fsk/fmv - Add it to the work list - Replace (F xis) with fsk/fmv in the type you are flattening - You can also add the CFunEqCan to the "flat cache", which simply keeps track of all the function applications you have flattened. - If (F xis) is in the cache already, just use its fsk/fmv and evidence x, and emit nothing. - No need to substitute in the flat-cache. It's not the end of the world if we start with, say (F alpha ~ fmv1) and (F Int ~ fmv2) and then find alpha := Int. Athat will simply give rise to fmv1 := fmv2 via [Interacting rule] below * Canonicalising a CFunEqCan [G/W] x : F xis ~ fsk/fmv - Flatten xis (to substitute any tyvars; there are already no functions) cos :: xis ~ flat_xis - New wanted x2 :: F flat_xis ~ fsk/fmv - Add new wanted to flat cache - Discharge x = F cos ; x2 * Unification flatten-skolems, fmv, ONLY get unified when either a) The CFunEqCan takes a step, using an axiom b) During un-flattening They are never unified in any other form of equality. For example [W] ffmv ~ Int is stuck; it does not unify with fmv. * We *never* substitute in the RHS (i.e. the fsk/fmv) of a CFunEqCan. That would destroy the invariant about the shape of a CFunEqCan, and it would risk wanted/wanted interactions. The only way we learn information about fsk is when the CFunEqCan takes a step. However we *do* substitute in the LHS of a CFunEqCan (else it would never get to fire!) * [Interacting rule] (inert) [W] x1 : F tys ~ fmv1 (work item) [W] x2 : F tys ~ fmv2 Just solve one from the other: x2 := x1 fmv2 := fmv1 This just unites the two fsks into one. Always solve given from wanted if poss. * [Firing rule: wanteds] (work item) [W] x : F tys ~ fmv instantiate axiom: ax_co : F tys ~ rhs Dischard fmv: fmv := alpha x := ax_co ; sym x2 [W] x2 : alpha ~ rhs (Non-canonical) discharging the work item. This is the way that fmv's get unified; even though they are "untouchable". NB: this deals with the case where fmv appears in xi, which can happen; it just happens through the non-canonical stuff Possible short cut (shortCutReduction) if rhs = G rhs_tys, where G is a type function. Then - Flatten rhs_tys (cos : rhs_tys ~ rhs_xis) - Add G rhs_xis ~ fmv to flat cache - New wanted [W] x2 : G rhs_xis ~ fmv - Discharge x := co ; G cos ; x2 * [Firing rule: givens] (work item) [G] g : F tys ~ fsk instantiate axiom: co : F tys ~ rhs Now add non-canonical (since rhs is not flat) [G] (sym g ; co) : fsk ~ rhs Short cut (shortCutReduction) for when rhs = G rhs_tys and G is a type function [G] (co ; g) : G tys ~ fsk But need to flatten tys: flat_cos : tys ~ flat_tys [G] (sym (G flat_cos) ; co ; g) : G flat_tys ~ fsk Why given-fsks, alone, doesn't work ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Could we get away with only flatten meta-tyvars, with no flatten-skolems? No. [W] w : alpha ~ [F alpha Int] ---> flatten w = ...w'... [W] w' : alpha ~ [fsk] [G] <F alpha Int> : F alpha Int ~ fsk --> unify (no occurs check) alpha := [fsk] But since fsk = F alpha Int, this is really an occurs check error. If that is all we know about alpha, we will succeed in constraint solving, producing a program with an infinite type. Even if we did finally get (g : fsk ~ Boo)l by solving (F alpha Int ~ fsk) using axiom, zonking would not see it, so (x::alpha) sitting in the tree will get zonked to an infinite type. (Zonking always only does refl stuff.) Why flatten-meta-vars, alone doesn't work ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Look at Simple13, with unification-fmvs only [G] g : a ~ [F a] ---> Flatten given g' = g;[x] [G] g' : a ~ [fmv] [W] x : F a ~ fmv --> subst a in x x = F g' ; x2 [W] x2 : F [fmv] ~ fmv And now we have an evidence cycle between g' and x! If we used a given instead (ie current story) [G] g : a ~ [F a] ---> Flatten given g' = g;[x] [G] g' : a ~ [fsk] [G] <F a> : F a ~ fsk ---> Substitute for a [G] g' : a ~ [fsk] [G] F (sym g'); <F a> : F [fsk] ~ fsk Why is it right to treat fmv's differently to ordinary unification vars? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ f :: forall a. a -> a -> Bool g :: F Int -> F Int -> Bool Consider f (x:Int) (y:Bool) This gives alpha~Int, alpha~Bool. There is an inconsistency, but really only one error. SherLoc may tell you which location is most likely, based on other occurrences of alpha. Consider g (x:Int) (y:Bool) Here we get (F Int ~ Int, F Int ~ Bool), which flattens to (fmv ~ Int, fmv ~ Bool) But there are really TWO separate errors. We must not complain about Int~Bool. Moreover these two errors could arise in entirely unrelated parts of the code. (In the alpha case, there must be *some* connection (eg v:alpha in common envt).) Note [Orient equalities with flatten-meta-vars on the left] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This example comes from IndTypesPerfMerge From the ambiguity check for f :: (F a ~ a) => a we get: [G] F a ~ a [W] F alpha ~ alpha, alpha ~ a From Givens we get [G] F a ~ fsk, fsk ~ a Now if we flatten we get [W] alpha ~ fmv, F alpha ~ fmv, alpha ~ a Now, processing the first one first, choosing alpha := fmv [W] F fmv ~ fmv, fmv ~ a And now we are stuck. We must either *unify* fmv := a, or use the fmv ~ a to rewrite F fmv ~ fmv, so we can make it meet up with the given F a ~ blah. Solution: always put fmvs on the left, so we get [W] fmv ~ alpha, F alpha ~ fmv, alpha ~ a The point is that fmvs are very uninformative, so doing alpha := fmv is a bad idea. We want to use other constraints on alpha first. Note [Derived constraints from wanted CTyEqCans] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Is this type ambiguous: (Foo e ~ Maybe e) => Foo e (indexed-types/should_fail/T4093a) [G] Foo e ~ Maybe e [W] Foo e ~ Foo ee -- ee is a unification variable [W] Foo ee ~ Maybe ee) --- [G] Foo e ~ fsk [G] fsk ~ Maybe e [W] Foo e ~ fmv1 [W] Foo ee ~ fmv2 [W] fmv1 ~ fmv2 [W] fmv2 ~ Maybe ee ---> fmv1 := fsk by matching LHSs [W] Foo ee ~ fmv2 [W] fsk ~ fmv2 [W] fmv2 ~ Maybe ee ---> [W] Foo ee ~ fmv2 [W] fmv2 ~ Maybe e [W] fmv2 ~ Maybe ee Now maybe we shuld get [D] e ~ ee, and then we'd solve it entirely. But if in a smilar situation we got [D] Int ~ Bool we'd be back to complaining about wanted/wanted interactions. Maybe this arises also for fundeps? Here's another example: f :: [a] -> [b] -> blah f (e1 :: F Int) (e2 :: F Int) we get F Int ~ fmv fmv ~ [alpha] fmv ~ [beta] We want: alpha := beta (which might unlock something else). If we generated [D] [alpha] ~ [beta] we'd be good here. Current story: we don't generate these derived constraints. We could, but we'd want to make them very weak, so we didn't get the Int~Bool complaint. ************************************************************************ * * * Other notes (Oct 14) I have not revisted these, but I didn't want to discard them * * ************************************************************************ Try: rewrite wanted with wanted only for fmvs (not all meta-tyvars) But: fmv ~ alpha[0] alpha[0] ~ fmv’ Now we don’t see that fmv ~ fmv’, which is a problem for injectivity detection. Conclusion: rewrite wanteds with wanted for all untouchables. skol ~ untch, must re-orieint to untch ~ skol, so that we can use it to rewrite. ************************************************************************ * * * Examples Here is a long series of examples I had to work through * * ************************************************************************ Simple20 ~~~~~~~~ axiom F [a] = [F a] [G] F [a] ~ a --> [G] fsk ~ a [G] [F a] ~ fsk (nc) --> [G] F a ~ fsk2 [G] fsk ~ [fsk2] [G] fsk ~ a --> [G] F a ~ fsk2 [G] a ~ [fsk2] [G] fsk ~ a ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- indexed-types/should_compile/T44984 [W] H (F Bool) ~ H alpha [W] alpha ~ F Bool --> F Bool ~ fmv0 H fmv0 ~ fmv1 H alpha ~ fmv2 fmv1 ~ fmv2 fmv0 ~ alpha flatten ~~~~~~~ fmv0 := F Bool fmv1 := H (F Bool) fmv2 := H alpha alpha := F Bool plus fmv1 ~ fmv2 But these two are equal under the above assumptions. Solve by Refl. --- under plan B, namely solve fmv1:=fmv2 eagerly --- [W] H (F Bool) ~ H alpha [W] alpha ~ F Bool --> F Bool ~ fmv0 H fmv0 ~ fmv1 H alpha ~ fmv2 fmv1 ~ fmv2 fmv0 ~ alpha --> F Bool ~ fmv0 H fmv0 ~ fmv1 H alpha ~ fmv2 fmv2 := fmv1 fmv0 ~ alpha flatten fmv0 := F Bool fmv1 := H fmv0 = H (F Bool) retain H alpha ~ fmv2 because fmv2 has been filled alpha := F Bool ---------------------------- indexed-types/should_failt/T4179 after solving [W] fmv_1 ~ fmv_2 [W] A3 (FCon x) ~ fmv_1 (CFunEqCan) [W] A3 (x (aoa -> fmv_2)) ~ fmv_2 (CFunEqCan) ---------------------------------------- indexed-types/should_fail/T7729a a) [W] BasePrimMonad (Rand m) ~ m1 b) [W] tt m1 ~ BasePrimMonad (Rand m) ---> process (b) first BasePrimMonad (Ramd m) ~ fmv_atH fmv_atH ~ tt m1 ---> now process (a) m1 ~ s_atH ~ tt m1 -- An obscure occurs check ---------------------------------------- typecheck/TcTypeNatSimple Original constraint [W] x + y ~ x + alpha (non-canonical) ==> [W] x + y ~ fmv1 (CFunEqCan) [W] x + alpha ~ fmv2 (CFuneqCan) [W] fmv1 ~ fmv2 (CTyEqCan) (sigh) ---------------------------------------- indexed-types/should_fail/GADTwrong1 [G] Const a ~ () ==> flatten [G] fsk ~ () work item: Const a ~ fsk ==> fire top rule [G] fsk ~ () work item fsk ~ () Surely the work item should rewrite to () ~ ()? Well, maybe not; it'a very special case. More generally, our givens look like F a ~ Int, where (F a) is not reducible. ---------------------------------------- indexed_types/should_fail/T8227: Why using a different can-rewrite rule in CFunEqCan heads does not work. Assuming NOT rewriting wanteds with wanteds Inert: [W] fsk_aBh ~ fmv_aBk -> fmv_aBk [W] fmv_aBk ~ fsk_aBh [G] Scalar fsk_aBg ~ fsk_aBh [G] V a ~ f_aBg Worklist includes [W] Scalar fmv_aBi ~ fmv_aBk fmv_aBi, fmv_aBk are flatten unificaiton variables Work item: [W] V fsk_aBh ~ fmv_aBi Note that the inert wanteds are cyclic, because we do not rewrite wanteds with wanteds. Then we go into a loop when normalise the work-item, because we use rewriteOrSame on the argument of V. Conclusion: Don't make canRewrite context specific; instead use [W] a ~ ty to rewrite a wanted iff 'a' is a unification variable. ---------------------------------------- Here is a somewhat similar case: type family G a :: * blah :: (G a ~ Bool, Eq (G a)) => a -> a blah = error "urk" foo x = blah x For foo we get [W] Eq (G a), G a ~ Bool Flattening [W] G a ~ fmv, Eq fmv, fmv ~ Bool We can't simplify away the Eq Bool unless we substitute for fmv. Maybe that doesn't matter: we would still be left with unsolved G a ~ Bool. -------------------------- Trac #9318 has a very simple program leading to [W] F Int ~ Int [W] F Int ~ Bool We don't want to get "Error Int~Bool". But if fmv's can rewrite wanteds, we will [W] fmv ~ Int [W] fmv ~ Bool ---> [W] Int ~ Bool ************************************************************************ * * * The main flattening functions * * ************************************************************************ Note [Flattening] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ flatten ty ==> (xi, cc) where xi has no type functions, unless they appear under ForAlls cc = Auxiliary given (equality) constraints constraining the fresh type variables in xi. Evidence for these is always the identity coercion, because internally the fresh flattening skolem variables are actually identified with the types they have been generated to stand in for. Note that it is flatten's job to flatten *every type function it sees*. flatten is only called on *arguments* to type functions, by canEqGiven. Recall that in comments we use alpha[flat = ty] to represent a flattening skolem variable alpha which has been generated to stand in for ty. ----- Example of flattening a constraint: ------ flatten (List (F (G Int))) ==> (xi, cc) where xi = List alpha cc = { G Int ~ beta[flat = G Int], F beta ~ alpha[flat = F beta] } Here * alpha and beta are 'flattening skolem variables'. * All the constraints in cc are 'given', and all their coercion terms are the identity. NB: Flattening Skolems only occur in canonical constraints, which are never zonked, so we don't need to worry about zonking doing accidental unflattening. Note that we prefer to leave type synonyms unexpanded when possible, so when the flattener encounters one, it first asks whether its transitive expansion contains any type function applications. If so, it expands the synonym and proceeds; if not, it simply returns the unexpanded synonym. Note [Flattener EqRels] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When flattening, we need to know which equality relation -- nominal or representation -- we should be respecting. The only difference is that we rewrite variables by representational equalities when fe_eq_rel is ReprEq. -} data FlattenEnv = FE { fe_mode :: FlattenMode , fe_loc :: CtLoc , fe_flavour :: CtFlavour , fe_eq_rel :: EqRel } -- See Note [Flattener EqRels] data FlattenMode -- Postcondition for all three: inert wrt the type substitution = FM_FlattenAll -- Postcondition: function-free | FM_Avoid TcTyVar Bool -- See Note [Lazy flattening] -- Postcondition: -- * tyvar is only mentioned in result under a rigid path -- e.g. [a] is ok, but F a won't happen -- * If flat_top is True, top level is not a function application -- (but under type constructors is ok e.g. [F a]) | FM_SubstOnly -- See Note [Flattening under a forall] mkFlattenEnv :: FlattenMode -> CtEvidence -> FlattenEnv mkFlattenEnv fm ctev = FE { fe_mode = fm , fe_loc = ctEvLoc ctev , fe_flavour = ctEvFlavour ctev , fe_eq_rel = ctEvEqRel ctev } feRole :: FlattenEnv -> Role feRole = eqRelRole . fe_eq_rel {- Note [Lazy flattening] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The idea of FM_Avoid mode is to flatten less aggressively. If we have a ~ [F Int] there seems to be no great merit in lifting out (F Int). But if it was a ~ [G a Int] then we *do* want to lift it out, in case (G a Int) reduces to Bool, say, which gets rid of the occurs-check problem. (For the flat_top Bool, see comments above and at call sites.) HOWEVER, the lazy flattening actually seems to make type inference go *slower*, not faster. perf/compiler/T3064 is a case in point; it gets *dramatically* worse with FM_Avoid. I think it may be because floating the types out means we normalise them, and that often makes them smaller and perhaps allows more re-use of previously solved goals. But to be honest I'm not absolutely certain, so I am leaving FM_Avoid in the code base. What I'm removing is the unique place where it is *used*, namely in TcCanonical.canEqTyVar. See also Note [Conservative unification check] in TcUnify, which gives other examples where lazy flattening caused problems. Bottom line: FM_Avoid is unused for now (Nov 14). Note: T5321Fun got faster when I disabled FM_Avoid T5837 did too, but it's pathalogical anyway Note [Phantoms in the flattener] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Suppose we have data Proxy p = Proxy and we're flattening (Proxy ty) w.r.t. ReprEq. Then, we know that `ty` is really irrelevant -- it will be ignored when solving for representational equality later on. So, we omit flattening `ty` entirely. This may violate the expectation of "xi"s for a bit, but the canonicaliser will soon throw out the phantoms when decomposing a TyConApp. (Or, the canonicaliser will emit an insoluble, in which case the unflattened version yields a better error message anyway.) Note [flatten_many performance] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In programs with lots of type-level evaluation, flatten_many becomes part of a tight loop. For example, see test perf/compiler/T9872a, which calls flatten_many a whopping 7,106,808 times. It is thus important that flatten_many be efficient. Performance testing showed that the current implementation is indeed efficient. It's critically important that zipWithAndUnzipM be specialized to TcS, and it's also quite helpful to actually `inline` it. On test T9872a, here are the allocation stats (Dec 16, 2014): * Unspecialized, uninlined: 8,472,613,440 bytes allocated in the heap * Specialized, uninlined: 6,639,253,488 bytes allocated in the heap * Specialized, inlined: 6,281,539,792 bytes allocated in the heap To improve performance even further, flatten_many_nom is split off from flatten_many, as nominal equality is the common case. This would be natural to write using mapAndUnzipM, but even inlined, that function is not as performant as a hand-written loop. * mapAndUnzipM, inlined: 7,463,047,432 bytes allocated in the heap * hand-written recursion: 5,848,602,848 bytes allocated in the heap If you make any change here, pay close attention to the T9872{a,b,c} tests and T5321Fun. If we need to make this yet more performant, a possible way forward is to duplicate the flattener code for the nominal case, and make that case faster. This doesn't seem quite worth it, yet. -} ------------------ flatten :: FlattenMode -> CtEvidence -> TcType -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) flatten mode ev ty = runFlatten (flatten_one fmode ty) where fmode = mkFlattenEnv mode ev flattenMany :: FlattenMode -> CtEvidence -> [Role] -> [TcType] -> TcS ([Xi], [TcCoercion]) -- Flatten a bunch of types all at once. Roles on the coercions returned -- always match the corresponding roles passed in. flattenMany mode ev roles tys = runFlatten (flatten_many fmode roles tys) where fmode = mkFlattenEnv mode ev flattenFamApp :: FlattenMode -> CtEvidence -> TyCon -> [TcType] -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) flattenFamApp mode ev tc tys = runFlatten (flatten_fam_app fmode tc tys) where fmode = mkFlattenEnv mode ev ------------------ flatten_many :: FlattenEnv -> [Role] -> [Type] -> TcS ([Xi], [TcCoercion]) -- Coercions :: Xi ~ Type, at roles given -- Returns True iff (no flattening happened) -- NB: The EvVar inside the 'fe_ev :: CtEvidence' is unused, -- we merely want (a) Given/Solved/Derived/Wanted info -- (b) the GivenLoc/WantedLoc for when we create new evidence flatten_many fmode roles tys -- See Note [flatten_many performance] = inline zipWithAndUnzipM go roles tys where go Nominal ty = flatten_one (setFEEqRel fmode NomEq) ty go Representational ty = flatten_one (setFEEqRel fmode ReprEq) ty go Phantom ty = -- See Note [Phantoms in the flattener] return (ty, mkTcPhantomCo ty ty) -- | Like 'flatten_many', but assumes that every role is nominal. flatten_many_nom :: FlattenEnv -> [Type] -> TcS ([Xi], [TcCoercion]) flatten_many_nom _ [] = return ([], []) -- See Note [flatten_many performance] flatten_many_nom fmode (ty:tys) = --ASSERT( fe_eq_rel fmode == NomEq ) do { (xi, co) <- flatten_one fmode ty ; (xis, cos) <- flatten_many_nom fmode tys ; return (xi:xis, co:cos) } ------------------ flatten_one :: FlattenEnv -> TcType -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) -- Flatten a type to get rid of type function applications, returning -- the new type-function-free type, and a collection of new equality -- constraints. See Note [Flattening] for more detail. -- -- Postcondition: Coercion :: Xi ~ TcType -- The role on the result coercion matches the EqRel in the FlattenEnv flatten_one fmode xi@(LitTy {}) = return (xi, mkTcReflCo (feRole fmode) xi) flatten_one fmode (TyVarTy tv) = flattenTyVar fmode tv flatten_one fmode (AppTy ty1 ty2) = do { (xi1,co1) <- flatten_one fmode ty1 ; case (fe_eq_rel fmode, nextRole xi1) of (NomEq, _) -> flatten_rhs xi1 co1 NomEq (ReprEq, Nominal) -> flatten_rhs xi1 co1 NomEq (ReprEq, Representational) -> flatten_rhs xi1 co1 ReprEq (ReprEq, Phantom) -> return (mkAppTy xi1 ty2, co1 `mkTcAppCo` mkTcNomReflCo ty2) } where flatten_rhs xi1 co1 eq_rel2 = do { (xi2,co2) <- flatten_one (setFEEqRel fmode eq_rel2) ty2 ; traceTcS "flatten/appty" (ppr ty1 $$ ppr ty2 $$ ppr xi1 $$ ppr co1 $$ ppr xi2 $$ ppr co2) ; let role1 = feRole fmode role2 = eqRelRole eq_rel2 ; return ( mkAppTy xi1 xi2 , mkTcTransAppCo role1 co1 xi1 ty1 role2 co2 xi2 ty2 role1 ) } -- output should match fmode flatten_one fmode (FunTy ty1 ty2) = do { (xi1,co1) <- flatten_one fmode ty1 ; (xi2,co2) <- flatten_one fmode ty2 ; return (mkFunTy xi1 xi2, mkTcFunCo (feRole fmode) co1 co2) } flatten_one fmode (TyConApp tc tys) -- Expand type synonyms that mention type families -- on the RHS; see Note [Flattening synonyms] | Just (tenv, rhs, tys') <- tcExpandTyCon_maybe tc tys , let expanded_ty = mkAppTys (substTy (mkTopTvSubst tenv) rhs) tys' = case fe_mode fmode of FM_FlattenAll | anyNameEnv isTypeFamilyTyCon (tyConsOfType rhs) -> flatten_one fmode expanded_ty | otherwise -> flattenTyConApp fmode tc tys _ -> flattenTyConApp fmode tc tys -- Otherwise, it's a type function application, and we have to -- flatten it away as well, and generate a new given equality constraint -- between the application and a newly generated flattening skolem variable. | isTypeFamilyTyCon tc = flatten_fam_app fmode tc tys -- For * a normal data type application -- * data family application -- we just recursively flatten the arguments. | otherwise -- FM_Avoid stuff commented out; see Note [Lazy flattening] -- , let fmode' = case fmode of -- Switch off the flat_top bit in FM_Avoid -- FE { fe_mode = FM_Avoid tv _ } -- -> fmode { fe_mode = FM_Avoid tv False } -- _ -> fmode = flattenTyConApp fmode tc tys flatten_one fmode ty@(ForAllTy {}) -- We allow for-alls when, but only when, no type function -- applications inside the forall involve the bound type variables. = do { let (tvs, rho) = splitForAllTys ty ; (rho', co) <- flatten_one (setFEMode fmode FM_SubstOnly) rho -- Substitute only under a forall -- See Note [Flattening under a forall] ; return (mkForAllTys tvs rho', foldr mkTcForAllCo co tvs) } flattenTyConApp :: FlattenEnv -> TyCon -> [TcType] -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) flattenTyConApp fmode tc tys = do { (xis, cos) <- case fe_eq_rel fmode of NomEq -> flatten_many_nom fmode tys ReprEq -> flatten_many fmode (tyConRolesX role tc) tys ; return (mkTyConApp tc xis, mkTcTyConAppCo role tc cos) } where role = feRole fmode {- Note [Flattening synonyms] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Not expanding synonyms aggressively improves error messages, and keeps types smaller. But we need to take care. Suppose type T a = a -> a and we want to flatten the type (T (F a)). Then we can safely flatten the (F a) to a skolem, and return (T fsk). We don't need to expand the synonym. This works because TcTyConAppCo can deal with synonyms (unlike TyConAppCo), see Note [TcCoercions] in TcEvidence. But (Trac #8979) for type T a = (F a, a) where F is a type function we must expand the synonym in (say) T Int, to expose the type function to the flattener. Note [Flattening under a forall] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Under a forall, we (a) MUST apply the inert substitution (b) MUST NOT flatten type family applications Hence FMSubstOnly. For (a) consider c ~ a, a ~ T (forall b. (b, [c])) If we don't apply the c~a substitution to the second constraint we won't see the occurs-check error. For (b) consider (a ~ forall b. F a b), we don't want to flatten to (a ~ forall b.fsk, F a b ~ fsk) because now the 'b' has escaped its scope. We'd have to flatten to (a ~ forall b. fsk b, forall b. F a b ~ fsk b) and we have not begun to think about how to make that work! ************************************************************************ * * Flattening a type-family application * * ************************************************************************ -} flatten_fam_app, flatten_exact_fam_app, flatten_exact_fam_app_fully :: FlattenEnv -> TyCon -> [TcType] -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) -- flatten_fam_app can be over-saturated -- flatten_exact_fam_app is exactly saturated -- flatten_exact_fam_app_fully lifts out the application to top level -- Postcondition: Coercion :: Xi ~ F tys flatten_fam_app fmode tc tys -- Can be over-saturated = --ASSERT( tyConArity tc <= length tys ) -- Type functions are saturated -- The type function might be *over* saturated -- in which case the remaining arguments should -- be dealt with by AppTys do { let (tys1, tys_rest) = splitAt (tyConArity tc) tys ; (xi1, co1) <- flatten_exact_fam_app fmode tc tys1 -- co1 :: xi1 ~ F tys1 -- all Nominal roles b/c the tycon is oversaturated ; (xis_rest, cos_rest) <- flatten_many fmode (repeat Nominal) tys_rest -- cos_res :: xis_rest ~ tys_rest ; return ( mkAppTys xi1 xis_rest -- NB mkAppTys: rhs_xi might not be a type variable -- cf Trac #5655 , mkTcAppCos co1 cos_rest -- (rhs_xi :: F xis) ; (F cos :: F xis ~ F tys) ) } flatten_exact_fam_app fmode tc tys = case fe_mode fmode of FM_FlattenAll -> flatten_exact_fam_app_fully fmode tc tys FM_SubstOnly -> do { (xis, cos) <- flatten_many fmode roles tys ; return ( mkTyConApp tc xis , mkTcTyConAppCo (feRole fmode) tc cos ) } FM_Avoid tv flat_top -> do { (xis, cos) <- flatten_many fmode roles tys ; if flat_top || tv `elemVarSet` tyVarsOfTypes xis then flatten_exact_fam_app_fully fmode tc tys else return ( mkTyConApp tc xis , mkTcTyConAppCo (feRole fmode) tc cos ) } where -- These are always going to be Nominal for now, -- but not if #8177 is implemented roles = tyConRolesX (feRole fmode) tc flatten_exact_fam_app_fully fmode tc tys -- See Note [Reduce type family applications eagerly] = try_to_reduce tc tys False id $ do { (xis, cos) <- flatten_many_nom (setFEEqRel (setFEMode fmode FM_FlattenAll) NomEq) tys ; let ret_co = mkTcTyConAppCo (feRole fmode) tc cos -- ret_co :: F xis ~ F tys ; mb_ct <- lookupFlatCache tc xis ; case mb_ct of Just (co, rhs_ty, flav) -- co :: F xis ~ fsk | (flav, NomEq) `canRewriteOrSameFR` (feFlavourRole fmode) -> -- Usable hit in the flat-cache -- We certainly *can* use a Wanted for a Wanted do { traceTcS "flatten/flat-cache hit" $ (ppr tc <+> ppr xis $$ ppr rhs_ty $$ ppr co) ; (fsk_xi, fsk_co) <- flatten_one fmode rhs_ty -- The fsk may already have been unified, so flatten it -- fsk_co :: fsk_xi ~ fsk ; return (fsk_xi, fsk_co `mkTcTransCo` maybeTcSubCo (fe_eq_rel fmode) (mkTcSymCo co) `mkTcTransCo` ret_co) } -- :: fsk_xi ~ F xis -- Try to reduce the family application right now -- See Note [Reduce type family applications eagerly] _ -> try_to_reduce tc xis True (`mkTcTransCo` ret_co) $ do { let fam_ty = mkTyConApp tc xis ; (ev, fsk) <- newFlattenSkolem (fe_flavour fmode) (fe_loc fmode) fam_ty ; let fsk_ty = mkTyVarTy fsk co = ctEvCoercion ev ; extendFlatCache tc xis (co, fsk_ty, ctEvFlavour ev) -- The new constraint (F xis ~ fsk) is not necessarily inert -- (e.g. the LHS may be a redex) so we must put it in the work list ; let ct = CFunEqCan { cc_ev = ev , cc_fun = tc , cc_tyargs = xis , cc_fsk = fsk } ; emitFlatWork ct ; traceTcS "flatten/flat-cache miss" $ (ppr fam_ty $$ ppr fsk $$ ppr ev) ; return (fsk_ty, maybeTcSubCo (fe_eq_rel fmode) (mkTcSymCo co) `mkTcTransCo` ret_co) } } where try_to_reduce :: TyCon -- F, family tycon -> [Type] -- args, not necessarily flattened -> Bool -- add to the flat cache? -> ( TcCoercion -- :: xi ~ F args -> TcCoercion ) -- what to return from outer function -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) -- continuation upon failure -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) try_to_reduce tc tys cache update_co k = do { mb_match <- matchFam tc tys ; case mb_match of Just (norm_co, norm_ty) -> do { traceTcS "Eager T.F. reduction success" $ vcat [ppr tc, ppr tys, ppr norm_ty, ppr cache] ; (xi, final_co) <- flatten_one fmode norm_ty ; let co = norm_co `mkTcTransCo` mkTcSymCo final_co ; when cache $ extendFlatCache tc tys (co, xi, fe_flavour fmode) ; return (xi, update_co $ mkTcSymCo co) } Nothing -> k } {- Note [Reduce type family applications eagerly] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If we come across a type-family application like (Append (Cons x Nil) t), then, rather than flattening to a skolem etc, we may as well just reduce it on the spot to (Cons x t). This saves a lot of intermediate steps. Examples that are helped are tests T9872, and T5321Fun. Performance testing indicates that it's best to try this *twice*, once before flattening arguments and once after flattening arguments. Adding the extra reduction attempt before flattening arguments cut the allocation amounts for the T9872{a,b,c} tests by half. Testing also indicated that the early reduction should not use the flat-cache, but that the later reduction should. It's possible that with more examples, we might learn that these knobs should be set differently. Once we've got a flat rhs, we extend the flatten-cache to record the result. Doing so can save lots of work when the same redex shows up more than once. Note that we record the link from the redex all the way to its *final* value, not just the single step reduction. ************************************************************************ * * Flattening a type variable * * ************************************************************************ Note [The inert equalities] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Definition [Can-rewrite relation] A "can-rewrite" relation between flavours, written f1 >= f2, is a binary relation with the following properties R1. >= is transitive R2. If f1 >= f, and f2 >= f, then either f1 >= f2 or f2 >= f1 Lemma. If f1 >= f then f1 >= f1 Proof. By property (R2), with f1=f2 Definition [Generalised substitution] A "generalised substitution" S is a set of triples (a -f-> t), where a is a type variable t is a type f is a flavour such that (WF1) if (a -f1-> t1) in S (a -f2-> t2) in S then neither (f1 >= f2) nor (f2 >= f1) hold (WF2) if (a -f-> t) is in S, then t /= a Definition [Applying a generalised substitution] If S is a generalised substitution S(f,a) = t, if (a -fs-> t) in S, and fs >= f = a, otherwise Application extends naturally to types S(f,t), modulo roles. See Note [Flavours with roles]. Theorem: S(f,a) is well defined as a function. Proof: Suppose (a -f1-> t1) and (a -f2-> t2) are both in S, and f1 >= f and f2 >= f Then by (R2) f1 >= f2 or f2 >= f1, which contradicts (WF) Notation: repeated application. S^0(f,t) = t S^(n+1)(f,t) = S(f, S^n(t)) Definition: inert generalised substitution A generalised substitution S is "inert" iff (IG1) there is an n such that for every f,t, S^n(f,t) = S^(n+1)(f,t) (IG2) if (b -f-> t) in S, and f >= f, then S(f,t) = t that is, each individual binding is "self-stable" ---------------------------------------------------------------- Our main invariant: the inert CTyEqCans should be an inert generalised substitution ---------------------------------------------------------------- Note that inertness is not the same as idempotence. To apply S to a type, you may have to apply it recursive. But inertness does guarantee that this recursive use will terminate. ---------- The main theorem -------------- Suppose we have a "work item" a -fw-> t and an inert generalised substitution S, such that (T1) S(fw,a) = a -- LHS of work-item is a fixpoint of S(fw,_) (T2) S(fw,t) = t -- RHS of work-item is a fixpoint of S(fw,_) (T3) a not in t -- No occurs check in the work item (K1) if (a -fs-> s) is in S then not (fw >= fs) (K2) if (b -fs-> s) is in S, where b /= a, then (K2a) not (fs >= fs) or (K2b) not (fw >= fs) or (K2c) a not in s (K3) If (b -fs-> s) is in S with (fw >= fs), then (K3a) If the role of fs is nominal: s /= a (K3b) If the role of fs is representational: EITHER a not in s, OR the path from the top of s to a includes at least one non-newtype then the extended substition T = S+(a -fw-> t) is an inert generalised substitution. The idea is that * (T1-2) are guaranteed by exhaustively rewriting the work-item with S(fw,_). * T3 is guaranteed by a simple occurs-check on the work item. * (K1-3) are the "kick-out" criteria. (As stated, they are really the "keep" criteria.) If the current inert S contains a triple that does not satisfy (K1-3), then we remove it from S by "kicking it out", and re-processing it. * Note that kicking out is a Bad Thing, because it means we have to re-process a constraint. The less we kick out, the better. TODO: Make sure that kicking out really *is* a Bad Thing. We've assumed this but haven't done the empirical study to check. * Assume we have G>=G, G>=W, D>=D, and that's all. Then, when performing a unification we add a new given a -G-> ty. But doing so does NOT require us to kick out an inert wanted that mentions a, because of (K2a). This is a common case, hence good not to kick out. * Lemma (L1): The conditions of the Main Theorem imply that there is no (a fs-> t) in S, s.t. (fs >= fw). Proof. Suppose the contrary (fs >= fw). Then because of (T1), S(fw,a)=a. But since fs>=fw, S(fw,a) = s, hence s=a. But now we have (a -fs-> a) in S, which contradicts (WF2). * The extended substitution satisfies (WF1) and (WF2) - (K1) plus (L1) guarantee that the extended substiution satisfies (WF1). - (T3) guarantees (WF2). * (K2) is about inertness. Intuitively, any infinite chain T^0(f,t), T^1(f,t), T^2(f,T).... must pass through the new work item infnitely often, since the substution without the work item is inert; and must pass through at least one of the triples in S infnitely often. - (K2a): if not(fs>=fs) then there is no f that fs can rewrite (fs>=f), and hence this triple never plays a role in application S(f,a). It is always safe to extend S with such a triple. (NB: we could strengten K1) in this way too, but see K3. - (K2b): If this holds, we can't pass through this triple infinitely often, because if we did then fs>=f, fw>=f, hence fs>=fw, contradicting (L1), or fw>=fs contradicting K2b. - (K2c): if a not in s, we hae no further opportunity to apply the work item. NB: this reasoning isn't water tight. Key lemma to make it watertight. Under the conditions of the Main Theorem, forall f st fw >= f, a is not in S^k(f,t), for any k Also, consider roles more carefully. See Note [Flavours with roles]. Completeness ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ K3: completeness. (K3) is not necessary for the extended substitution to be inert. In fact K1 could be made stronger by saying ... then (not (fw >= fs) or not (fs >= fs)) But it's not enough for S to be inert; we also want completeness. That is, we want to be able to solve all soluble wanted equalities. Suppose we have work-item b -G-> a inert-item a -W-> b Assuming (G >= W) but not (W >= W), this fulfills all the conditions, so we could extend the inerts, thus: inert-items b -G-> a a -W-> b But if we kicked-out the inert item, we'd get work-item a -W-> b inert-item b -G-> a Then rewrite the work-item gives us (a -W-> a), which is soluble via Refl. So we add one more clause to the kick-out criteria Another way to understand (K3) is that we treat an inert item a -f-> b in the same way as b -f-> a So if we kick out one, we should kick out the other. The orientation is somewhat accidental. When considering roles, we also need the second clause (K3b). Consider inert-item a -W/R-> b c work-item c -G/N-> a The work-item doesn't get rewritten by the inert, because (>=) doesn't hold. We've satisfied conditions (T1)-(T3) and (K1) and (K2). If all we had were condition (K3a), then we would keep the inert around and add the work item. But then, consider if we hit the following: work-item2 b -G/N-> Id where newtype Id x = Id x For similar reasons, if we only had (K3a), we wouldn't kick the representational inert out. And then, we'd miss solving the inert, which now reduced to reflexivity. The solution here is to kick out representational inerts whenever the tyvar of a work item is "exposed", where exposed means not under some proper data-type constructor, like [] or Maybe. See isTyVarExposed in TcType. This is encoded in (K3b). Note [Flavours with roles] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The system described in Note [The inert equalities] discusses an abstract set of flavours. In GHC, flavours have two components: the flavour proper, taken from {Wanted, Derived, Given}; and the equality relation (often called role), taken from {NomEq, ReprEq}. When substituting w.r.t. the inert set, as described in Note [The inert equalities], we must be careful to respect roles. For example, if we have inert set: a -G/R-> Int b -G/R-> Bool type role T nominal representational and we wish to compute S(W/R, T a b), the correct answer is T a Bool, NOT T Int Bool. The reason is that T's first parameter has a nominal role, and thus rewriting a to Int in T a b is wrong. Indeed, this non-congruence of subsitution means that the proof in Note [The inert equalities] may need to be revisited, but we don't think that the end conclusion is wrong. -} flattenTyVar :: FlattenEnv -> TcTyVar -> TcS (Xi, TcCoercion) -- "Flattening" a type variable means to apply the substitution to it -- The substitution is actually the union of -- * the unifications that have taken place (either before the -- solver started, or in TcInteract.solveByUnification) -- * the CTyEqCans held in the inert set -- -- Postcondition: co : xi ~ tv flattenTyVar fmode tv = do { mb_yes <- flattenTyVarOuter fmode tv ; case mb_yes of Left tv' -> -- Done do { traceTcS "flattenTyVar1" (ppr tv $$ ppr (tyVarKind tv')) ; return (ty', mkTcReflCo (feRole fmode) ty') } where ty' = mkTyVarTy tv' Right (ty1, co1) -- Recurse -> do { (ty2, co2) <- flatten_one fmode ty1 ; traceTcS "flattenTyVar3" (ppr tv $$ ppr ty2) ; return (ty2, co2 `mkTcTransCo` co1) } } flattenTyVarOuter :: FlattenEnv -> TcTyVar -> TcS (Either TyVar (TcType, TcCoercion)) -- Look up the tyvar in -- a) the internal MetaTyVar box -- b) the tyvar binds -- c) the inerts -- Return (Left tv') if it is not found, tv' has a properly zonked kind -- (Right (ty, co) if found, with co :: ty ~ tv; flattenTyVarOuter fmode tv | not (isTcTyVar tv) -- Happens when flatten under a (forall a. ty) = Left `liftM` flattenTyVarFinal fmode tv -- So ty contains refernces to the non-TcTyVar a | otherwise = do { mb_ty <- isFilledMetaTyVar_maybe tv ; case mb_ty of { Just ty -> do { traceTcS "Following filled tyvar" (ppr tv <+> equals <+> ppr ty) ; return (Right (ty, mkTcReflCo (feRole fmode) ty)) } ; Nothing -> -- Try in the inert equalities -- See Definition [Applying a generalised substitution] do { ieqs <- getInertEqs ; case lookupVarEnv ieqs tv of Just (ct:_) -- If the first doesn't work, -- the subsequent ones won't either | CTyEqCan { cc_ev = ctev, cc_tyvar = tv, cc_rhs = rhs_ty } <- ct , ctEvFlavourRole ctev `eqCanRewriteFR` feFlavourRole fmode -> do { traceTcS "Following inert tyvar" (ppr tv <+> equals <+> ppr rhs_ty $$ ppr ctev) ; let rewrite_co1 = mkTcSymCo (ctEvCoercion ctev) rewrite_co = case (ctEvEqRel ctev, fe_eq_rel fmode) of (ReprEq, _rel) -> --ASSERT( _rel == ReprEq ) -- if this ASSERT fails, then -- eqCanRewriteFR answered incorrectly rewrite_co1 (NomEq, NomEq) -> rewrite_co1 (NomEq, ReprEq) -> mkTcSubCo rewrite_co1 ; return (Right (rhs_ty, rewrite_co)) } -- NB: ct is Derived then fmode must be also, hence -- we are not going to touch the returned coercion -- so ctEvCoercion is fine. _other -> Left `liftM` flattenTyVarFinal fmode tv } } } flattenTyVarFinal :: FlattenEnv -> TcTyVar -> TcS TyVar flattenTyVarFinal fmode tv = -- Done, but make sure the kind is zonked do { let kind = tyVarKind tv kind_fmode = setFEMode fmode FM_SubstOnly ; (new_knd, _kind_co) <- flatten_one kind_fmode kind ; return (setVarType tv new_knd) } {- Note [An alternative story for the inert substitution] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (This entire note is just background, left here in case we ever want to return the the previousl state of affairs) We used (GHC 7.8) to have this story for the inert substitution inert_eqs * 'a' is not in fvs(ty) * They are *inert* in the weaker sense that there is no infinite chain of (i1 `eqCanRewrite` i2), (i2 `eqCanRewrite` i3), etc This means that flattening must be recursive, but it does allow [G] a ~ [b] [G] b ~ Maybe c This avoids "saturating" the Givens, which can save a modest amount of work. It is easy to implement, in TcInteract.kick_out, by only kicking out an inert only if (a) the work item can rewrite the inert AND (b) the inert cannot rewrite the work item This is signifcantly harder to think about. It can save a LOT of work in occurs-check cases, but we don't care about them much. Trac #5837 is an example; all the constraints here are Givens [G] a ~ TF (a,Int) --> work TF (a,Int) ~ fsk inert fsk ~ a ---> work fsk ~ (TF a, TF Int) inert fsk ~ a ---> work a ~ (TF a, TF Int) inert fsk ~ a ---> (attempting to flatten (TF a) so that it does not mention a work TF a ~ fsk2 inert a ~ (fsk2, TF Int) inert fsk ~ (fsk2, TF Int) ---> (substitute for a) work TF (fsk2, TF Int) ~ fsk2 inert a ~ (fsk2, TF Int) inert fsk ~ (fsk2, TF Int) ---> (top-level reduction, re-orient) work fsk2 ~ (TF fsk2, TF Int) inert a ~ (fsk2, TF Int) inert fsk ~ (fsk2, TF Int) ---> (attempt to flatten (TF fsk2) to get rid of fsk2 work TF fsk2 ~ fsk3 work fsk2 ~ (fsk3, TF Int) inert a ~ (fsk2, TF Int) inert fsk ~ (fsk2, TF Int) ---> work TF fsk2 ~ fsk3 inert fsk2 ~ (fsk3, TF Int) inert a ~ ((fsk3, TF Int), TF Int) inert fsk ~ ((fsk3, TF Int), TF Int) Because the incoming given rewrites all the inert givens, we get more and more duplication in the inert set. But this really only happens in pathalogical casee, so we don't care. -} eqCanRewrite :: CtEvidence -> CtEvidence -> Bool eqCanRewrite ev1 ev2 = ctEvFlavourRole ev1 `eqCanRewriteFR` ctEvFlavourRole ev2 -- | Whether or not one 'Ct' can rewrite another is determined by its -- flavour and its equality relation type CtFlavourRole = (CtFlavour, EqRel) -- | Extract the flavour and role from a 'CtEvidence' ctEvFlavourRole :: CtEvidence -> CtFlavourRole ctEvFlavourRole ev = (ctEvFlavour ev, ctEvEqRel ev) -- | Extract the flavour and role from a 'Ct' ctFlavourRole :: Ct -> CtFlavourRole ctFlavourRole = ctEvFlavourRole . cc_ev -- | Extract the flavour and role from a 'FlattenEnv' feFlavourRole :: FlattenEnv -> CtFlavourRole feFlavourRole (FE { fe_flavour = flav, fe_eq_rel = eq_rel }) = (flav, eq_rel) eqCanRewriteFR :: CtFlavourRole -> CtFlavourRole -> Bool -- Very important function! -- See Note [eqCanRewrite] eqCanRewriteFR (Given, NomEq) (_, _) = True eqCanRewriteFR (Given, ReprEq) (_, ReprEq) = True eqCanRewriteFR _ _ = False canRewriteOrSame :: CtEvidence -> CtEvidence -> Bool -- See Note [canRewriteOrSame] canRewriteOrSame ev1 ev2 = ev1 `eqCanRewrite` ev2 || ctEvFlavourRole ev1 == ctEvFlavourRole ev2 canRewriteOrSameFR :: CtFlavourRole -> CtFlavourRole -> Bool canRewriteOrSameFR fr1 fr2 = fr1 `eqCanRewriteFR` fr2 || fr1 == fr2 {- Note [eqCanRewrite] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (eqCanRewrite ct1 ct2) holds if the constraint ct1 (a CTyEqCan of form tv ~ ty) can be used to rewrite ct2. It must satisfy the properties of a can-rewrite relation, see Definition [Can-rewrite relation] At the moment we don't allow Wanteds to rewrite Wanteds, because that can give rise to very confusing type error messages. A good example is Trac #8450. Here's another f :: a -> Bool f x = ( [x,'c'], [x,True] ) `seq` True Here we get [W] a ~ Char [W] a ~ Bool but we do not want to complain about Bool ~ Char! Accordingly, we also don't let Deriveds rewrite Deriveds. With the solver handling Coercible constraints like equality constraints, the rewrite conditions must take role into account, never allowing a representational equality to rewrite a nominal one. Note [canRewriteOrSame] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ canRewriteOrSame is similar but * returns True for Wanted/Wanted. * works for all kinds of constraints, not just CTyEqCans See the call sites for explanations. ************************************************************************ * * Unflattening * * ************************************************************************ An unflattening example: [W] F a ~ alpha flattens to [W] F a ~ fmv (CFunEqCan) [W] fmv ~ alpha (CTyEqCan) We must solve both! -} unflatten :: Cts -> Cts -> TcS Cts unflatten tv_eqs funeqs = do { dflags <- getDynFlags ; tclvl <- getTcLevel ; traceTcS "Unflattening" $ braces $ vcat [ ptext (sLit "Funeqs =") <+> pprCts funeqs , ptext (sLit "Tv eqs =") <+> pprCts tv_eqs ] -- Step 1: unflatten the CFunEqCans, except if that causes an occurs check -- See Note [Unflatten using funeqs first] ; funeqs <- foldrBagM (unflatten_funeq dflags) emptyCts funeqs ; traceTcS "Unflattening 1" $ braces (pprCts funeqs) -- Step 2: unify the irreds, if possible ; tv_eqs <- foldrBagM (unflatten_eq dflags tclvl) emptyCts tv_eqs ; traceTcS "Unflattening 2" $ braces (pprCts tv_eqs) -- Step 3: fill any remaining fmvs with fresh unification variables ; funeqs <- mapBagM finalise_funeq funeqs ; traceTcS "Unflattening 3" $ braces (pprCts funeqs) -- Step 4: remove any irreds that look like ty ~ ty ; tv_eqs <- foldrBagM finalise_eq emptyCts tv_eqs ; let all_flat = tv_eqs `andCts` funeqs ; traceTcS "Unflattening done" $ braces (pprCts all_flat) ; return all_flat } where ---------------- unflatten_funeq :: DynFlags -> Ct -> Cts -> TcS Cts unflatten_funeq dflags ct@(CFunEqCan { cc_fun = tc, cc_tyargs = xis , cc_fsk = fmv, cc_ev = ev }) rest = do { -- fmv should be a flatten meta-tv; we now fix its final -- value, and then zonking will eliminate it filled <- tryFill dflags fmv (mkTyConApp tc xis) ev ; return (if filled then rest else ct `consCts` rest) } unflatten_funeq _ other_ct _ = pprPanic "unflatten_funeq" (ppr other_ct) ---------------- finalise_funeq :: Ct -> TcS Ct finalise_funeq (CFunEqCan { cc_fsk = fmv, cc_ev = ev }) = do { demoteUnfilledFmv fmv ; return (mkNonCanonical ev) } finalise_funeq ct = pprPanic "finalise_funeq" (ppr ct) ---------------- unflatten_eq :: DynFlags -> TcLevel -> Ct -> Cts -> TcS Cts unflatten_eq dflags tclvl ct@(CTyEqCan { cc_ev = ev, cc_tyvar = tv, cc_rhs = rhs }) rest | isFmvTyVar tv = do { lhs_elim <- tryFill dflags tv rhs ev ; if lhs_elim then return rest else do { rhs_elim <- try_fill dflags tclvl ev rhs (mkTyVarTy tv) ; if rhs_elim then return rest else return (ct `consCts` rest) } } | otherwise = return (ct `consCts` rest) unflatten_eq _ _ ct _ = pprPanic "unflatten_irred" (ppr ct) ---------------- finalise_eq :: Ct -> Cts -> TcS Cts finalise_eq (CTyEqCan { cc_ev = ev, cc_tyvar = tv , cc_rhs = rhs, cc_eq_rel = eq_rel }) rest | isFmvTyVar tv = do { ty1 <- zonkTcTyVar tv ; ty2 <- zonkTcType rhs ; let is_refl = ty1 `tcEqType` ty2 ; if is_refl then do { when (isWanted ev) $ setEvBind (ctEvId ev) (EvCoercion $ mkTcReflCo (eqRelRole eq_rel) rhs) ; return rest } else return (mkNonCanonical ev `consCts` rest) } | otherwise = return (mkNonCanonical ev `consCts` rest) finalise_eq ct _ = pprPanic "finalise_irred" (ppr ct) ---------------- try_fill dflags tclvl ev ty1 ty2 | Just tv1 <- tcGetTyVar_maybe ty1 , isTouchableOrFmv tclvl tv1 , typeKind ty1 `isSubKind` tyVarKind tv1 = tryFill dflags tv1 ty2 ev | otherwise = return False tryFill :: DynFlags -> TcTyVar -> TcType -> CtEvidence -> TcS Bool -- (tryFill tv rhs ev) sees if 'tv' is an un-filled MetaTv -- If so, and if tv does not appear in 'rhs', set tv := rhs -- bind the evidence (which should be a CtWanted) to Refl<rhs> -- and return True. Otherwise return False tryFill dflags tv rhs ev = --ASSERT2( not (isGiven ev), ppr ev ) do { is_filled <- isFilledMetaTyVar tv ; if is_filled then return False else do { rhs' <- zonkTcType rhs ; case occurCheckExpand dflags tv rhs' of OC_OK rhs'' -- Normal case: fill the tyvar -> do { when (isWanted ev) $ setEvBind (ctEvId ev) (EvCoercion (mkTcReflCo (ctEvRole ev) rhs'')) ; setWantedTyBind tv rhs'' ; return True } _ -> -- Occurs check return False } } {- Note [Unflatten using funeqs first] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [W] G a ~ Int [W] F (G a) ~ G a do not want to end up with [W} F Int ~ Int because that might actually hold! Better to end up with the two above unsolved constraints. The flat form will be G a ~ fmv1 (CFunEqCan) F fmv1 ~ fmv2 (CFunEqCan) fmv1 ~ Int (CTyEqCan) fmv1 ~ fmv2 (CTyEqCan) Flatten using the fun-eqs first. -} -- | Change the 'EqRel' in a 'FlattenEnv'. Avoids allocating a -- new 'FlattenEnv' where possible. setFEEqRel :: FlattenEnv -> EqRel -> FlattenEnv setFEEqRel fmode@(FE { fe_eq_rel = old_eq_rel }) new_eq_rel | old_eq_rel == new_eq_rel = fmode | otherwise = fmode { fe_eq_rel = new_eq_rel } -- | Change the 'FlattenMode' in a 'FlattenEnv'. Avoids allocating -- a new 'FlattenEnv' where possible. setFEMode :: FlattenEnv -> FlattenMode -> FlattenEnv setFEMode fmode@(FE { fe_mode = old_mode }) new_mode | old_mode `eq` new_mode = fmode | otherwise = fmode { fe_mode = new_mode } where FM_FlattenAll `eq` FM_FlattenAll = True FM_SubstOnly `eq` FM_SubstOnly = True FM_Avoid tv1 b1 `eq` FM_Avoid tv2 b2 = tv1 == tv2 && b1 == b2 _ `eq` _ = False
alexander-at-github/eta
compiler/ETA/TypeCheck/TcFlatten.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
58,244
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} module Spin ( SourceID , Source (..) , session , yield , dedup , Sink (..) , sinkFile , sinkYarn , spin ) where import Control.Monad (ap, liftM) import Control.Monad.IO.Class (MonadIO (..), liftIO) import Control.Monad.Trans.Class (MonadTrans (..)) import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource (MonadResource (..), allocate) import Data.Text (Text) import qualified Data.Text as T import qualified Data.Text.IO as T import System.IO import Fiber import qualified Yarn type SourceID = Text data Source m a = Init (Source m a) (Source m a) SourceID | HaveOutput (Source m a) Fiber | NeedIO (m (Source m a)) | Finishing (Source m a) SourceID | Done a instance Monad m => Functor (Source m) where fmap = liftM instance Monad m => Applicative (Source m) where pure = return (<*>) = ap instance Monad m => Monad (Source m) where return = Done Init src1 src2 sid >>= f = Init (src1 >>= f) (src2 >>= f) sid HaveOutput src fib >>= f = HaveOutput (src >>= f) fib NeedIO msrc >>= f = NeedIO ((>>= f) `liftM` msrc) Finishing src sid >>= f = Finishing (src >>= f) sid Done x >>= f = f x instance MonadTrans Source where lift = NeedIO . (Done `liftM`) instance MonadIO m => MonadIO (Source m) where liftIO = lift . liftIO session :: Monad m => SourceID -> Source m () -> Source m () session sid src = Init src (Done ()) sid >> Finishing (Done ()) sid yield :: Fiber -> Source m () yield = HaveOutput (Done ()) dedup :: MonadIO m => Source m a -> Source m a dedup = go where go (Init s1 s2 sid) = NeedIO $ do ls <- liftIO $ T.lines <$> T.readFile "known_sources.list" return $ if sid `elem` ls then go s2 else Init (go s1) (error "impossible case") sid go (HaveOutput src o) = HaveOutput (go src) o go (NeedIO a) = NeedIO $ go `liftM` a go (Finishing src sid) = NeedIO $ do liftIO $ withFile "known_sources.list" AppendMode $ \h -> T.hPutStrLn h sid return $ Finishing (go src) sid go src@(Done _) = src data Sink m = NeedInput (Fiber -> m (Sink m)) | DoIO (m (Sink m)) | Closed sinkFile :: MonadResource m => FilePath -> Sink m sinkFile fp = DoIO $ do (relKey, y) <- allocate (Yarn.openFile fp Yarn.ReadWriteMode) Yarn.close return $ go relKey y where go relKey y = NeedInput $ \fib -> do liftIO $ Yarn.insert fib y return $ go relKey y sinkYarn :: MonadIO m => Yarn.Yarn -> Sink m sinkYarn y = self where self = NeedInput $ \fib -> do liftIO $ Yarn.insert fib y return self spin :: Monad m => Source m a -> Sink m -> m () spin = go [] where go stk (Init s _ sid) sink = go (sid : stk) s sink go [] (Finishing _ _) _ = fail "nothing to pop" go (sid:stk) (Finishing s sid') sink | sid /= sid' = fail "failed to pop" | otherwise = go stk s sink go _ (Done _) _ = return () go stk (NeedIO a) sink = do src <- a go stk src sink go stk src@(HaveOutput src' fib) sink = case sink of Closed -> return () DoIO a -> do sink' <- a go stk src sink' NeedInput put -> do sink' <- put fib go stk src' sink'
yuttie/fibers
Spin.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
3,531
-- Copyright (c) 2015 Eric McCorkle. All rights reserved. -- -- Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -- modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -- are met: -- -- 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -- notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -- -- 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -- notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -- documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -- -- 3. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any contributors -- may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -- without specific prior written permission. -- -- THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' -- AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED -- TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A -- PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS -- OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, -- SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT -- LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF -- USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND -- ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, -- OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT -- OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -- SUCH DAMAGE. {-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wall -Werror #-} {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FlexibleInstances #-} -- | This module defines a class for things that can be alpha-renamed. module IR.Common.Rename.Class( Rename(..) ) where import Data.Array.IArray(IArray, Ix) import qualified Data.Array.IArray as IArray -- | Class of things that can be alpha-renamed. class Rename id syntax where -- | Rename all ids in the given syntax construct. rename :: (id -> id) -- ^ A function which renames ids. -> syntax -- ^ The syntax construct to rename. -> syntax -- ^ The input, with the renaming function applied to all -- ids. instance (Rename id syntax) => Rename id (Maybe syntax) where rename f (Just t) = Just (rename f t) rename _ Nothing = Nothing instance (Rename id syntax) => Rename id [syntax] where rename f = map (rename f) instance (Rename id syntax, Ix idx, IArray arr syntax) => Rename id (arr idx syntax) where rename f = IArray.amap (rename f)
emc2/iridium
src/IR/Common/Rename/Class.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
2,588
fibs :: [Integer] fibs = 0 : 1 : zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs) main :: IO () main = print $ fst $ head $ dropWhile not1000 $ zip [0..] fibs where not1000 (_,x) = (length $ show x) /= 1000
stulli/projectEuler
eu25.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
192
module RefacWhereLet(whereToLet) where import PrettyPrint import PosSyntax import AbstractIO import Maybe import TypedIds import UniqueNames hiding (srcLoc) import PNT import TiPNT import List import RefacUtils hiding (getParams) import PFE0 (findFile) import MUtils (( # )) import RefacLocUtils import System import IO {- This refactoring converts a where into a let. Could potentially narrow the scrope of those involved bindings. Copyright : (c) Christopher Brown 2008 Maintainer : cmb21@kent.ac.uk Stability : provisional Portability : portable -} whereToLet args = do let fileName = ghead "filename" args --fileName'= moduleName fileName --modName = Module fileName' row = read (args!!1)::Int col = read (args!!2)::Int modName <-fileNameToModName fileName (inscps, exps, mod, tokList)<-parseSourceFile fileName let pnt = locToPNT fileName (row, col) mod if not (checkInFun pnt mod) then error "Please select a definition within a where clause!" else do if (pnt /= defaultPNT) then do ((_,m), (newToks, newMod))<-applyRefac (doWhereToLet pnt) (Just (inscps, exps, mod, tokList)) fileName writeRefactoredFiles False [((fileName,m), (newToks,newMod))] AbstractIO.putStrLn "Completed.\n" else error "\nInvalid cursor position!" doWhereToLet pnt (_,_,t) = do mod <- convertToWhere pnt t return mod convertToWhere pnt t = applyTP (full_tdTP (idTP `adhocTP` conInMatch `adhocTP` conInPat `adhocTP` conInAlt )) t where conInMatch (match@(HsMatch loc name pats (HsBody e) ds)::HsMatchP) | canBeConverted ds pnt = do let decl = definingDecls [pNTtoPN pnt] ds True True let updateRHS = (Exp (HsLet decl e)) ds' <- rmDecl (pNTtoPN pnt) True ds -- we need to check that nothing else in the where -- clause depends on this entity... allDecs <- mapM hsFreeAndDeclaredPNs ds' if (declToPName2 $ ghead "conInMatch" decl) `elem` (concat (map fst allDecs)) then error "Entity cannot be converted as another declaration in the where clause depends on it!" else do e' <- update e updateRHS e return (HsMatch loc name pats (HsBody e') ds') conInMatch (match@(HsMatch loc name pats g@(HsGuard e) ds)::HsMatchP) | canBeConverted ds pnt = do let decl = definingDecls [pNTtoPN pnt] ds True True let updateRHS = (HsBody (Exp (HsLet decl (rmGuard g)))) ds' <- rmDecl (pNTtoPN pnt) True ds allDecs <- mapM hsFreeAndDeclaredPNs ds' if (declToPName2 $ ghead "conInMatch Guard" decl) `elem` (concat (map fst allDecs)) then error "Entity cannot be converted as another declaration in the where clause depends on it!" else do e' <- update g updateRHS g return (HsMatch loc name pats e' ds') conInMatch x = return x conInPat (pat@(Dec (HsPatBind loc p (HsBody e) ds))::HsDeclP) | canBeConverted ds pnt = do let decl = definingDecls [pNTtoPN pnt] ds True True let updateRHS = (Exp (HsLet decl e)) ds' <- rmDecl (pNTtoPN pnt) True ds allDecs <- mapM hsFreeAndDeclaredPNs ds' if (declToPName2 $ ghead "conInPat" decl) `elem` (concat (map fst allDecs)) then error "Entity cannot be converted as another declaration in the where clause depends on it!" else do e' <- update e updateRHS e return (Dec (HsPatBind loc p (HsBody e') ds')) conInPat (pat@(Dec (HsPatBind loc p g@(HsGuard e) ds))::HsDeclP) | canBeConverted ds pnt = do let decl = definingDecls [pNTtoPN pnt] ds True True let updateRHS = (HsBody (Exp (HsLet decl (rmGuard g)))) ds' <- rmDecl (pNTtoPN pnt) True ds allDecs <- mapM hsFreeAndDeclaredPNs ds' if (declToPName2 $ ghead "conInPat" decl) `elem` (concat (map fst allDecs)) then error "Entity cannot be converted as another declaration in the where clause depends on it!" else do e' <- update g updateRHS g return (Dec (HsPatBind loc p e' ds')) conInPat x = return x conInAlt (alt@(HsAlt loc p (HsBody e) ds)::HsAltP) | canBeConverted ds pnt = do let decl = definingDecls [pNTtoPN pnt] ds True True let updateRHS = (Exp (HsLet decl e)) ds' <- rmDecl (pNTtoPN pnt) True ds e' <- update e updateRHS e return (HsAlt loc p (HsBody e') ds') conInAlt (alt@(HsAlt loc p g@(HsGuard e) ds)::HsAltP) | canBeConverted ds pnt = do let decl = definingDecls [pNTtoPN pnt] ds True True let updateRHS = (HsBody (Exp (HsLet decl (rmGuard g)))) ds' <- rmDecl (pNTtoPN pnt) True ds e' <- updateGuardAlt g updateRHS g return (HsAlt loc p e' ds') conInAlt x = return x updateGuardAlt oldRhs newRhs t = applyTP (once_tdTP (failTP `adhocTP` inRhs)) t where inRhs (r::RhsP) | r == oldRhs && srcLocs r == srcLocs oldRhs = do (newRhs',_) <- updateToks oldRhs newRhs prettyprintGuardsAlt return newRhs' inRhs r = mzero rmGuard ((HsGuard gs)::RhsP) = let (_,e1,e2)=glast "guardToIfThenElse" gs in if ((pNtoName.expToPN) e1)=="otherwise" then (foldl mkIfThenElse e2 (tail(reverse gs))) else (foldl mkIfThenElse defaultElse (reverse gs)) mkIfThenElse e (_,e1, e2)=(Exp (HsIf e1 e2 e)) defaultElse=(Exp (HsApp (Exp (HsId (HsVar (PNT (PN (UnQual "error") (G (PlainModule "Prelude") "error" (N (Just loc0)))) Value (N (Just loc0)))))) (Exp (HsLit loc0 (HsString "UnMatched Pattern"))))) canBeConverted :: [HsDeclP] -> PNT -> Bool canBeConverted ds pnt = pnt `elem` map declToPNT ds checkInFun :: Term t => PNT -> t -> Bool checkInFun pnt t = checkInMatch pnt t || checkInPat pnt t || checkInAlt pnt t where checkInAlt pnt t = fromMaybe (False) (applyTU (once_tdTU (failTU `adhocTU` inAlt)) t) checkInPat pnt t = fromMaybe (False) (applyTU (once_tdTU (failTU `adhocTU` inPat)) t) checkInMatch pnt t = fromMaybe (False) (applyTU (once_tdTU (failTU `adhocTU` inMatch)) t) inAlt (alt@(HsAlt loc p rhs ds)::HsAltP) | findPNT pnt ds = Just True inAlt _ = Nothing --The selected sub-expression is in the rhs of a match inMatch (match@(HsMatch loc1 _ pats rhs ds)::HsMatchP) | findPNT pnt ds = Just True inMatch _ = Nothing --The selected sub-expression is in the rhs of a pattern-binding inPat (pat@(Dec (HsPatBind loc1 ps rhs ds))::HsDeclP) | findPNT pnt ds = Just True inPat _ = Nothing
forste/haReFork
refactorer/RefacWhereLet.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
7,907
{-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-} {-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-} module Iso where import Data.Functor.Contravariant (Contravariant, (>$<), contramap) import Person import Control.Monad.Reader import Data.Profunctor import Data.Functor.Identity import Getter (view) -- | Exchange an ContraExchange types which are useful to define Isos -- It like the container for two isomorphic functions data Exchange a b s t = Exchange (s -> a) (b -> t) data ContraExchange a b t s = ContraExchange (s -> a) (b -> t) instance Functor (Exchange a b s) where fmap f (Exchange sa bt) = Exchange sa (f . bt) instance Contravariant (ContraExchange a b t) where contramap f (ContraExchange sa bt) = ContraExchange (sa . f) bt fromContraEx :: ContraExchange a b t s -> Exchange a b s t fromContraEx (ContraExchange sa bt) = Exchange sa bt toContraEx :: Exchange a b s t -> ContraExchange a b t s toContraEx (Exchange sa bt) = ContraExchange sa bt -- | Profuctor (Exchange a b) instance Profunctor (Exchange a b) where lmap f ex = fromContraEx $ f >$< toContraEx ex rmap f ex = f <$> ex dimap f g ex = fromContraEx $ f >$< toContraEx (g <$> ex) -- | Iso Type type Iso s t a b = forall p f . (Profunctor p, Functor f) => p a (f b) -> p s (f t) type AnIso s t a b = (Exchange a b) a (Identity b) -> (Exchange a b) s (Identity t) iso :: (s -> a) -> (b -> t) -> Iso s t a b iso sa bt = dimap sa (fmap bt) withIso :: AnIso s t a b -> ((s -> a) -> (b -> t) -> r) -> r withIso ai k = let Exchange sa bt = ai $ Exchange id Identity in k sa (runIdentity . bt) from :: AnIso s t a b -> Iso b a t s from ai = withIso ai $ \sa bt -> iso bt sa -- | Value examples type HTuple = ( String , Int , Gender , Ethnicity , Maybe String , Maybe SuperPower) makeHuman :: HTuple -> Human makeHuman (name', age', gender', eth', heroNm', supPower') = Human name' age' gender' eth' heroNm' supPower' unmakeHuman :: Human -> HTuple unmakeHuman Human{..} = (name, age, gender, ethnicity, heroName, superPower) unmakeHumanIso :: Iso Human Human HTuple HTuple unmakeHumanIso = iso unmakeHuman makeHuman makeHumanIso :: Iso HTuple HTuple Human Human makeHumanIso = from unmakeHumanIso -- An Iso is a Lens and thus a Getter humanTuple :: IO HTuple humanTuple = (runReaderT $ view unmakeHumanIso) human2 aHuman :: IO Human aHuman = humanTuple >>= runReaderT (view makeHumanIso)
sebashack/LensPlayground
src/Iso.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
2,440
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FlexibleInstances, TupleSections, ScopedTypeVariables #-} {-| A module defining an interface for type attribution, the process by which nodes in an AST are assigned constrained types. -} module Language.K3.TypeSystem.Monad.Iface.TypeAttribution ( TypeVarAttrI(..) ) where import Language.K3.Core.Common import Language.K3.TypeSystem.Data -- |The typeclass defining the interface of monads supporting type variable -- attribution. This allows UIDs to be matched with the type variables which -- will represent them. The relevant constraints are assumed to be available -- in context. class (Monad m) => TypeVarAttrI m where attributeVar :: UID -> AnyTVar -> m () attributeConstraints :: ConstraintSet -> m ()
DaMSL/K3
src/Language/K3/TypeSystem/Monad/Iface/TypeAttribution.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
761
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} module Kalium.Nucleus.Vector.Program where import Kalium.Prelude import Kalium.Util import Control.Monad.Rename data NameSpecial = OpAdd | OpSubtract | OpMultiply | OpDivide | OpDiv | OpMod | OpLess | OpMore | OpLessEquals | OpMoreEquals | OpEquals | OpNotEquals | OpAnd | OpOr | OpNot | OpTrue | OpFalse | OpRange | OpElem | OpShow | OpNegate | OpIf | OpFold | OpFoldTainted | OpFlipMapTaintedIgnore | OpMapTaintedIgnore | OpProduct | OpSum | OpAnd' | OpOr' | OpPrintLn | OpReadLn | OpPutLn | OpPut | OpChr | OpChrOrd | OpGetLn | OpGetChar | OpId | OpUnit | OpPair | OpFst | OpSnd | OpSwap | OpNil | OpCons | OpSingleton | OpIx | OpIxSet | OpLength | OpTaint | OpBind | OpBindIgnore | OpFmap | OpFmapIgnore | OpIgnore | OpWhen | OpConcat | OpTake | OpReplicate | OpRepeat | OpIntToDouble | OpUndefined | OpMain | OpTypeInteger | OpTypeDouble | OpTypeBoolean | OpTypeChar | OpTypeUnit | OpTypeList | OpTypePair | OpTypeFunction | OpTypeTaint deriving (Eq, Ord) data Name = NameSpecial NameSpecial | NameGen Integer deriving (Eq, Ord) alias :: (MonadNameGen m) => EndoKleisli' m Name alias (NameGen m) = NameGen <$> rename m alias _ = NameGen <$> mkname Nothing data Type = TypeBeta Type Type | TypeAccess Name deriving (Eq, Ord) pattern TypeInteger = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeInteger) pattern TypeDouble = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeDouble) pattern TypeBoolean = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeBoolean) pattern TypeChar = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeChar) pattern TypeUnit = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeUnit) pattern TypeList = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeList) pattern TypePair = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypePair) pattern TypeFunction= TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeFunction) pattern TypeTaint = TypeAccess (NameSpecial OpTypeTaint) data Literal = LitInteger Integer | LitDouble Rational | LitChar Char deriving (Eq) data Program = Program { _programFuncs :: Map Name Func } deriving (Eq) data Func = Func { _funcType :: Type , _funcExpression :: Expression } deriving (Eq) data Expression' pext ext = Access Name | Primary Literal | Lambda (Pattern' pext) (Expression' pext ext) | Beta (Expression' pext ext) (Expression' pext ext) | Ext ext deriving (Eq) type Expression = Expression' Void Void data Pattern' pext = PTuple (Pattern' pext) (Pattern' pext) | PAccess Name Type | PWildCard | PUnit | PExt pext deriving (Eq) type Pattern = Pattern' Void pattern OpAccess op = Access (NameSpecial op) pattern LitUnit = OpAccess OpUnit pattern App1 op a = op `Beta` a pattern App2 op a1 a2 = op `Beta` a1 `Beta` a2 pattern App3 op a1 a2 a3 = op `Beta` a1 `Beta` a2 `Beta` a3 pattern AppOp1 op a = App1 (OpAccess op) a pattern AppOp2 op a1 a2 = App2 (OpAccess op) a1 a2 pattern AppOp3 op a1 a2 a3 = App3 (OpAccess op) a1 a2 a3 pattern Lambda2 p1 p2 a = Lambda p1 (Lambda p2 a) pattern Into p x a = Beta (Lambda p a) x pattern Eta p x a = Lambda p (Beta x a) pattern Ignore a = AppOp1 OpIgnore a pattern Taint a = AppOp1 OpTaint a pattern Bind a1 a2 = AppOp2 OpBind a1 a2 pattern Follow p x a = Bind x (Lambda p a) lambda :: [Pattern' pext] -> Expression' pext ext -> Expression' pext ext lambda = flip (foldr Lambda) unlambda :: Expression' pext ext -> ([Pattern' pext], Expression' pext ext) unlambda = \case Lambda p a -> let (ps, b) = unlambda a in (p:ps, b) e -> ([], e) pattern TypeApp1 t t1 = t `TypeBeta` t1 pattern TypeApp2 t t1 t2 = t `TypeBeta` t1 `TypeBeta` t2 tyfun :: [Type] -> Type -> Type tyfun = flip (foldr (TypeApp2 TypeFunction)) untyfun :: Type -> ([Type], Type) untyfun = \case TypeApp2 TypeFunction tyArg tyRes -> let (tyArgs, tyRes') = untyfun tyRes in (tyArg:tyArgs, tyRes') ty -> ([], ty) beta :: [Expression' pext ext] -> Expression' pext ext beta = foldl1 Beta unbeta :: Expression' pext ext -> [Expression' pext ext] unbeta = reverse . go where go = \case Beta a b -> b : go a e -> [e] etaExpand :: (MonadNameGen m) => [Type] -> EndoKleisli' m (Expression' pext ext) etaExpand tys e = do (unzip -> (exps, pats)) <- forM tys $ \ty -> do name <- NameGen <$> mkname Nothing return (Access name, PAccess name ty) return $ lambda pats $ beta (e:exps) typeDrivenUnlambda :: (MonadNameGen m) => Type -> Expression -> m ( ([Pattern],[Type]) , (Expression,Type) ) typeDrivenUnlambda ty a = let (tys, ty') = untyfun ty ( ps, a') = unlambda a tysLength = length tys psLength = length ps in if | tysLength < psLength -> do error "lambda-abstraction with non-function type" | tysLength > psLength -> do let tys' = drop psLength tys b <- etaExpand tys' a -- TODO: or is it a'? typeDrivenUnlambda ty b | otherwise -> return ( (ps,tys) , (a',ty') ) makeLenses ''Func makeLenses ''Program
rscprof/kalium
src/Kalium/Nucleus/Vector/Program.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
5,397
{-# LANGUAGE Haskell98, BangPatterns #-} {-# LINE 1 "Data/ByteString/Lazy/Search.hs" #-} -- | -- Module : Data.ByteString.Lazy.Search -- Copyright : Daniel Fischer -- Chris Kuklewicz -- Licence : BSD3 -- Maintainer : Daniel Fischer <daniel.is.fischer@googlemail.com> -- Stability : Provisional -- Portability : non-portable (BangPatterns) -- -- Fast overlapping Boyer-Moore search of lazy -- 'L.ByteString' values. Breaking, splitting and replacing -- using the Boyer-Moore algorithm. -- -- Descriptions of the algorithm can be found at -- <http://www-igm.univ-mlv.fr/~lecroq/string/node14.html#SECTION00140> -- and -- <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyer-Moore_string_search_algorithm> -- -- Original authors: Daniel Fischer (daniel.is.fischer at googlemail.com) and -- Chris Kuklewicz (haskell at list.mightyreason.com). module Data.ByteString.Lazy.Search( -- * Overview -- $overview -- ** Performance -- $performance -- ** Caution -- $caution -- ** Complexity -- $complexity -- ** Partial application -- $partial -- ** Integer overflow -- $overflow -- * Finding substrings indices , nonOverlappingIndices -- * Breaking on substrings , breakOn , breakAfter , breakFindAfter -- * Replacing , replace -- * Splitting , split , splitKeepEnd , splitKeepFront -- * Convenience , strictify ) where import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy.Search.Internal.BoyerMoore as BM import Data.ByteString.Search.Substitution import qualified Data.ByteString as S import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as L import Data.Int (Int64) -- $overview -- -- This module provides functions related to searching a substring within -- a string, using the Boyer-Moore algorithm with minor modifications -- to improve the overall performance and ameliorate the worst case -- performance degradation of the original Boyer-Moore algorithm for -- periodic patterns. -- -- Efficiency demands that the pattern be a strict 'S.ByteString', -- to work with a lazy pattern, convert it to a strict 'S.ByteString' -- first via 'strictify' (provided it is not too long). -- If support for long lazy patterns is needed, mail a feature-request. -- -- When searching a pattern in a UTF-8-encoded 'S.ByteString', be aware that -- these functions work on bytes, not characters, so the indices are -- byte-offsets, not character offsets. -- $performance -- -- In general, the Boyer-Moore algorithm is the most efficient method to -- search for a pattern inside a string. The advantage over other algorithms -- (e.g. Na&#239;ve, Knuth-Morris-Pratt, Horspool, Sunday) can be made -- arbitrarily large for specially selected patterns and targets, but -- usually, it's a factor of 2&#8211;3 versus Knuth-Morris-Pratt and of -- 6&#8211;10 versus the na&#239;ve algorithm. The Horspool and Sunday -- algorithms, which are simplified variants of the Boyer-Moore algorithm, -- typically have performance between Boyer-Moore and Knuth-Morris-Pratt, -- mostly closer to Boyer-Moore. The advantage of the Boyer-moore variants -- over other algorithms generally becomes larger for longer patterns. For -- very short patterns (or patterns with a very short period), other -- algorithms, e.g. "Data.ByteString.Lazy.Search.DFA" can be faster (my -- tests suggest that \"very short\" means two, maybe three bytes). -- -- In general, searching in a strict 'S.ByteString' is slightly faster -- than searching in a lazy 'L.ByteString', but for long targets the -- smaller memory footprint of lazy 'L.ByteString's can make searching -- those (sometimes much) faster. On the other hand, there are cases -- where searching in a strict target is much faster, even for long targets. -- -- On 32-bit systems, 'Int'-arithmetic is much faster than 'Int64'-arithmetic, -- so when there are many matches, that can make a significant difference. -- -- Also, the modification to ameliorate the case of periodic patterns -- is defeated by chunk-boundaries, so long patterns with a short period -- and many matches exhibit poor behaviour (consider using @indices@ from -- "Data.ByteString.Lazy.Search.DFA" or "Data.ByteString.Lazy.Search.KMP" -- in those cases, the former for medium-length patterns, the latter for -- long patterns; none of the functions except 'indices' suffer from -- this problem, though). -- $caution -- -- When working with a lazy target string, the relation between the pattern -- length and the chunk size can play a big r&#244;le. -- Crossing chunk boundaries is relatively expensive, so when that becomes -- a frequent occurrence, as may happen when the pattern length is close -- to or larger than the chunk size, performance is likely to degrade. -- If it is needed, steps can be taken to ameliorate that effect, but unless -- entirely separate functions are introduced, that would hurt the -- performance for the more common case of patterns much shorter than -- the default chunk size. -- $complexity -- -- Preprocessing the pattern is /O/(@patternLength@ + &#963;) in time and -- space (&#963; is the alphabet size, 256 here) for all functions. -- The time complexity of the searching phase for 'indices' -- is /O/(@targetLength@ \/ @patternLength@) in the best case. -- For non-periodic patterns, the worst case complexity is -- /O/(@targetLength@), but for periodic patterns, the worst case complexity -- is /O/(@targetLength@ * @patternLength@) for the original Boyer-Moore -- algorithm. -- -- The searching functions in this module contain a modification which -- drastically improves the performance for periodic patterns, although -- less for lazy targets than for strict ones. -- If I'm not mistaken, the worst case complexity for periodic patterns -- is /O/(@targetLength@ * (1 + @patternLength@ \/ @chunkSize@)). -- -- The other functions don't have to deal with possible overlapping -- patterns, hence the worst case complexity for the processing phase -- is /O/(@targetLength@) (respectively /O/(@firstIndex + patternLength@) -- for the breaking functions if the pattern occurs). -- $partial -- -- All functions can usefully be partially applied. Given only a pattern, -- the pattern is preprocessed only once, allowing efficient re-use. -- $overflow -- -- The current code uses @Int@ to keep track of the locations in the -- target string. If the length of the pattern plus the length of any -- strict chunk of the target string is greater or equal to -- @'maxBound' :: 'Int'@ then this will overflow causing an error. We try -- to detect this and call 'error' before a segfault occurs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Exported Functions -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- | @'indices'@ finds the starting indices of all possibly overlapping -- occurrences of the pattern in the target string. -- If the pattern is empty, the result is @[0 .. 'length' target]@. {-# INLINE indices #-} indices :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to find -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to search -> [Int64] -- ^ Offsets of matches indices = BM.matchSL -- | @'nonOverlappingIndices'@ finds the starting indices of all -- non-overlapping occurrences of the pattern in the target string. -- It is more efficient than removing indices from the list produced -- by 'indices'. {-# INLINE nonOverlappingIndices #-} nonOverlappingIndices :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to find -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to search -> [Int64] -- ^ Offsets of matches nonOverlappingIndices = BM.matchNOL -- | @'breakOn' pattern target@ splits @target@ at the first occurrence -- of @pattern@. If the pattern does not occur in the target, the -- second component of the result is empty, otherwise it starts with -- @pattern@. If the pattern is empty, the first component is empty. -- For a non-empty pattern, the first component is generated lazily, -- thus the first parts of it can be available before the pattern has -- been found or determined to be absent. -- -- @ -- 'uncurry' 'L.append' . 'breakOn' pattern = 'id' -- @ {-# INLINE breakOn #-} breakOn :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to search for -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to search in -> (L.ByteString, L.ByteString) -- ^ Head and tail of string broken at substring breakOn = BM.breakSubstringL -- | @'breakAfter' pattern target@ splits @target@ behind the first occurrence -- of @pattern@. An empty second component means that either the pattern -- does not occur in the target or the first occurrence of pattern is at -- the very end of target. If you need to discriminate between those cases, -- use breakFindAfter. -- If the pattern is empty, the first component is empty. -- For a non-empty pattern, the first component is generated lazily, -- thus the first parts of it can be available before the pattern has -- been found or determined to be absent. -- -- @ -- 'uncurry' 'L.append' . 'breakAfter' pattern = 'id' -- @ {-# INLINE breakAfter #-} breakAfter :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to search for -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to search in -> (L.ByteString, L.ByteString) -- ^ Head and tail of string broken after substring breakAfter = BM.breakAfterL -- | @'breakFindAfter'@ does the same as 'breakAfter' but additionally indicates -- whether the pattern is present in the target. -- -- @ -- 'fst' . 'breakFindAfter' pat = 'breakAfter' pat -- @ {-# INLINE breakFindAfter #-} breakFindAfter :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to search for -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to search in -> ((L.ByteString, L.ByteString), Bool) -- ^ Head and tail of string broken after substring -- and presence of pattern breakFindAfter = BM.breakFindAfterL -- | @'replace' pat sub text@ replaces all (non-overlapping) occurrences of -- @pat@ in @text@ with @sub@. If occurrences of @pat@ overlap, the first -- occurrence that does not overlap with a replaced previous occurrence -- is substituted. Occurrences of @pat@ arising from a substitution -- will not be substituted. For example: -- -- @ -- 'replace' \"ana\" \"olog\" \"banana\" = \"bologna\" -- 'replace' \"ana\" \"o\" \"bananana\" = \"bono\" -- 'replace' \"aab\" \"abaa\" \"aaabb\" = \"aabaab\" -- @ -- -- The result is a lazy 'L.ByteString', -- which is lazily produced, without copying. -- Equality of pattern and substitution is not checked, but -- -- @ -- 'replace' pat pat text == text -- @ -- -- holds (the internal structure is generally different). -- If the pattern is empty but not the substitution, the result -- is equivalent to (were they 'String's) @cycle sub@. -- -- For non-empty @pat@ and @sub@ a lazy 'L.ByteString', -- -- @ -- 'L.concat' . 'Data.List.intersperse' sub . 'split' pat = 'replace' pat sub -- @ -- -- and analogous relations hold for other types of @sub@. {-# INLINE replace #-} replace :: Substitution rep => S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to replace -> rep -- ^ Replacement string -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to modify -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy result replace = BM.replaceAllL -- | @'split' pattern target@ splits @target@ at each (non-overlapping) -- occurrence of @pattern@, removing @pattern@. If @pattern@ is empty, -- the result is an infinite list of empty 'L.ByteString's, if @target@ -- is empty but not @pattern@, the result is an empty list, otherwise -- the following relations hold (where @patL@ is the lazy 'L.ByteString' -- corresponding to @pat@): -- -- @ -- 'L.concat' . 'Data.List.intersperse' patL . 'split' pat = 'id', -- 'length' ('split' pattern target) == -- 'length' ('nonOverlappingIndices' pattern target) + 1, -- @ -- -- no fragment in the result contains an occurrence of @pattern@. {-# INLINE split #-} split :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to split on -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to split -> [L.ByteString] -- ^ Fragments of string split = BM.splitDropL -- | @'splitKeepEnd' pattern target@ splits @target@ after each (non-overlapping) -- occurrence of @pattern@. If @pattern@ is empty, the result is an -- infinite list of empty 'L.ByteString's, otherwise the following -- relations hold: -- -- @ -- 'L.concat' . 'splitKeepEnd' pattern = 'id', -- @ -- -- all fragments in the result except possibly the last end with -- @pattern@, no fragment contains more than one occurrence of @pattern@. {-# INLINE splitKeepEnd #-} splitKeepEnd :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to split on -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to split -> [L.ByteString] -- ^ Fragments of string splitKeepEnd = BM.splitKeepEndL -- | @'splitKeepFront'@ is like 'splitKeepEnd', except that @target@ is split -- before each occurrence of @pattern@ and hence all fragments -- with the possible exception of the first begin with @pattern@. -- No fragment contains more than one non-overlapping occurrence -- of @pattern@. {-# INLINE splitKeepFront #-} splitKeepFront :: S.ByteString -- ^ Strict pattern to split on -> L.ByteString -- ^ Lazy string to split -> [L.ByteString] -- ^ Fragments of string splitKeepFront = BM.splitKeepFrontL -- | @'strictify'@ converts a lazy 'L.ByteString' to a strict 'S.ByteString' -- to make it a suitable pattern. strictify :: L.ByteString -> S.ByteString strictify = S.concat . L.toChunks
phischu/fragnix
tests/packages/scotty/Data.ByteString.Lazy.Search.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
14,655
{-# LANGUAGE Haskell98, MultiParamTypeClasses, FunctionalDependencies, FlexibleInstances #-} {-# LINE 1 "Control/Monad/Cont/Class.hs" #-} {- | Module : Control.Monad.Cont.Class Copyright : (c) The University of Glasgow 2001, (c) Jeff Newbern 2003-2007, (c) Andriy Palamarchuk 2007 License : BSD-style (see the file LICENSE) Maintainer : libraries@haskell.org Stability : experimental Portability : portable [Computation type:] Computations which can be interrupted and resumed. [Binding strategy:] Binding a function to a monadic value creates a new continuation which uses the function as the continuation of the monadic computation. [Useful for:] Complex control structures, error handling, and creating co-routines. [Zero and plus:] None. [Example type:] @'Cont' r a@ The Continuation monad represents computations in continuation-passing style (CPS). In continuation-passing style function result is not returned, but instead is passed to another function, received as a parameter (continuation). Computations are built up from sequences of nested continuations, terminated by a final continuation (often @id@) which produces the final result. Since continuations are functions which represent the future of a computation, manipulation of the continuation functions can achieve complex manipulations of the future of the computation, such as interrupting a computation in the middle, aborting a portion of a computation, restarting a computation, and interleaving execution of computations. The Continuation monad adapts CPS to the structure of a monad. Before using the Continuation monad, be sure that you have a firm understanding of continuation-passing style and that continuations represent the best solution to your particular design problem. Many algorithms which require continuations in other languages do not require them in Haskell, due to Haskell's lazy semantics. Abuse of the Continuation monad can produce code that is impossible to understand and maintain. -} module Control.Monad.Cont.Class ( MonadCont(..), ) where import Control.Monad.Trans.Cont (ContT) import qualified Control.Monad.Trans.Cont as ContT import Control.Monad.Trans.Error as Error import Control.Monad.Trans.Except as Except import Control.Monad.Trans.Identity as Identity import Control.Monad.Trans.List as List import Control.Monad.Trans.Maybe as Maybe import Control.Monad.Trans.Reader as Reader import Control.Monad.Trans.RWS.Lazy as LazyRWS import Control.Monad.Trans.RWS.Strict as StrictRWS import Control.Monad.Trans.State.Lazy as LazyState import Control.Monad.Trans.State.Strict as StrictState import Control.Monad.Trans.Writer.Lazy as LazyWriter import Control.Monad.Trans.Writer.Strict as StrictWriter import Control.Monad import Data.Monoid class Monad m => MonadCont m where {- | @callCC@ (call-with-current-continuation) calls a function with the current continuation as its argument. Provides an escape continuation mechanism for use with Continuation monads. Escape continuations allow to abort the current computation and return a value immediately. They achieve a similar effect to 'Control.Monad.Error.throwError' and 'Control.Monad.Error.catchError' within an 'Control.Monad.Error.Error' monad. Advantage of this function over calling @return@ is that it makes the continuation explicit, allowing more flexibility and better control (see examples in "Control.Monad.Cont"). The standard idiom used with @callCC@ is to provide a lambda-expression to name the continuation. Then calling the named continuation anywhere within its scope will escape from the computation, even if it is many layers deep within nested computations. -} callCC :: ((a -> m b) -> m a) -> m a instance MonadCont (ContT r m) where callCC = ContT.callCC -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Instances for other mtl transformers instance (Error e, MonadCont m) => MonadCont (ErrorT e m) where callCC = Error.liftCallCC callCC instance MonadCont m => MonadCont (ExceptT e m) where callCC = Except.liftCallCC callCC instance MonadCont m => MonadCont (IdentityT m) where callCC = Identity.liftCallCC callCC instance MonadCont m => MonadCont (ListT m) where callCC = List.liftCallCC callCC instance MonadCont m => MonadCont (MaybeT m) where callCC = Maybe.liftCallCC callCC instance MonadCont m => MonadCont (ReaderT r m) where callCC = Reader.liftCallCC callCC instance (Monoid w, MonadCont m) => MonadCont (LazyRWS.RWST r w s m) where callCC = LazyRWS.liftCallCC' callCC instance (Monoid w, MonadCont m) => MonadCont (StrictRWS.RWST r w s m) where callCC = StrictRWS.liftCallCC' callCC instance MonadCont m => MonadCont (LazyState.StateT s m) where callCC = LazyState.liftCallCC' callCC instance MonadCont m => MonadCont (StrictState.StateT s m) where callCC = StrictState.liftCallCC' callCC instance (Monoid w, MonadCont m) => MonadCont (LazyWriter.WriterT w m) where callCC = LazyWriter.liftCallCC callCC instance (Monoid w, MonadCont m) => MonadCont (StrictWriter.WriterT w m) where callCC = StrictWriter.liftCallCC callCC
phischu/fragnix
tests/packages/scotty/Control.Monad.Cont.Class.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
5,256
{-#LANGUAGE RecordWildCards, ScopedTypeVariables, TypeFamilies#-} module CV.Features (SURFParams, defaultSURFParams, mkSURFParams, getSURF ,moments,Moments,getSpatialMoment,getCentralMoment,getNormalizedCentralMoment) where import CV.Image import CV.Bindings.Types import CV.Bindings.Features import Foreign.Ptr import Control.Monad import Foreign.Storable import Foreign.Marshal.Array import Foreign.Marshal.Utils import Utils.GeometryClass import System.IO.Unsafe -- TODO: Move this to some utility module -- withMask :: Maybe (Image GrayScale D8) -> (Ptr C'CvArr -> IO α) -> IO α -- withMask m f = case m of -- Just m -> withImage m (f.castPtr) -- Nothing -> f nullPtr -- | Parameters for SURF feature extraction newtype SURFParams = SP C'CvSURFParams deriving Show mkSURFParams :: Double -- ^ only features with keypoint.hessian -- larger than that are extracted. -- good default value is ~300-500 (can depend on the -- average local contrast and sharpness of the image). -- user can further filter out some features based on -- their hessian values and other characteristics. -> Int -- ^ The number of octaves to be used for extraction. -- With each next octave the feature size is doubled -- (3 by default) -> Int -- ^ The number of layers within each octave (4 by default) -> Bool -- ^ If true, getSurf returns extended descriptors of 128 floats. Otherwise -- returns 64 floats. -> SURFParams mkSURFParams a b c d = SP $ C'CvSURFParams (fromBool d) (realToFrac a) (fromIntegral b) (fromIntegral c) -- | Default parameters for getSURF defaultSURFParams :: SURFParams defaultSURFParams = mkSURFParams 400 3 4 False -- | Extract Speeded Up Robust Features from an image. getSURF :: SURFParams -- ^ Method parameters. See `defaultSURFParams` and `mkSURFParams` -> Image GrayScale D8 -- ^ Input GrayScale image -> Maybe (Image GrayScale D8) -- ^ Optional Binary mask image -> [(C'CvSURFPoint,[Float])] getSURF (SP params) image mask = unsafePerformIO $ withNewMemory $ \ptr_mem -> withMask mask $ \ptr_mask -> with nullPtr $ \ptr_ptr_keypoints -> with nullPtr $ \ptr_ptr_descriptors -> with params $ \ptr_params -> withImage image $ \ptr_image -> do ptr_keypoints' <- peek ptr_ptr_keypoints c'wrapExtractSURF (castPtr ptr_image) ptr_mask ptr_ptr_keypoints ptr_ptr_descriptors ptr_mem ptr_params 0 ptr_keypoints <- peek ptr_ptr_keypoints ptr_descriptors <- peek ptr_ptr_descriptors a <- cvSeqToList ptr_keypoints b <- if c'CvSURFParams'extended params == 1 then do es :: [FloatBlock128] <- cvSeqToList ptr_descriptors return (map (\(FP128 e) -> e) es) else do es :: [FloatBlock64] <- cvSeqToList ptr_descriptors return (map (\(FP64 e) -> e) es) return (zip a b) newtype FloatBlock64 = FP64 [Float] deriving (Show) newtype FloatBlock128 = FP128 [Float] deriving (Show) instance Storable FloatBlock64 where sizeOf _ = sizeOf (undefined :: Float) * 64 alignment _ = 4 peek ptr = FP64 `fmap` peekArray 64 (castPtr ptr) poke ptr (FP64 e) = pokeArray (castPtr ptr) e instance Storable FloatBlock128 where sizeOf _ = sizeOf (undefined :: Float) * 128 alignment _ = 4 peek ptr = FP128 `fmap` peekArray 128 (castPtr ptr) poke ptr (FP128 e) = pokeArray (castPtr ptr) e type Moments = C'CvMoments moments :: Image GrayScale D32 -> Moments moments img = unsafePerformIO $ withGenImage img $ \c_img -> with (C'CvMoments 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0) $ \res -> do c'cvMoments c_img res 0 peek res getSpatialMoment :: (Int,Int) -> Moments -> Double getSpatialMoment (x,y) m = realToFrac $ unsafePerformIO $ with m $ \c_m -> c'cvGetSpatialMoment c_m (fromIntegral x) (fromIntegral y) getCentralMoment :: (Int,Int) -> Moments -> Double getCentralMoment (x,y) m = realToFrac $ unsafePerformIO $ with m $ \c_m -> c'cvGetCentralMoment c_m (fromIntegral x) (fromIntegral y) getNormalizedCentralMoment :: (Int,Int) -> Moments -> Double getNormalizedCentralMoment (x,y) m = realToFrac $ unsafePerformIO $ with m $ \c_m -> c'cvGetNormalizedCentralMoment c_m (fromIntegral x) (fromIntegral y)
BeautifulDestinations/CV
CV/Features.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
5,004
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- (c) The University of Glasgow 1994-2004 -- -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- {-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-tabs #-} -- The above warning supression flag is a temporary kludge. -- While working on this module you are encouraged to remove it and -- detab the module (please do the detabbing in a separate patch). See -- http://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Commentary/CodingStyle#TabsvsSpaces -- for details module SPARC.Regs ( -- registers showReg, virtualRegSqueeze, realRegSqueeze, classOfRealReg, allRealRegs, -- machine specific info gReg, iReg, lReg, oReg, fReg, fp, sp, g0, g1, g2, o0, o1, f0, f1, f6, f8, f22, f26, f27, -- allocatable allocatableRegs, -- args argRegs, allArgRegs, callClobberedRegs, -- mkVirtualReg, regDotColor ) where import CodeGen.Platform.SPARC import Reg import RegClass import Size import Unique import Outputable import FastTypes import FastBool {- The SPARC has 64 registers of interest; 32 integer registers and 32 floating point registers. The mapping of STG registers to SPARC machine registers is defined in StgRegs.h. We are, of course, prepared for any eventuality. The whole fp-register pairing thing on sparcs is a huge nuisance. See includes/stg/MachRegs.h for a description of what's going on here. -} -- | Get the standard name for the register with this number. showReg :: RegNo -> String showReg n | n >= 0 && n < 8 = "%g" ++ show n | n >= 8 && n < 16 = "%o" ++ show (n-8) | n >= 16 && n < 24 = "%l" ++ show (n-16) | n >= 24 && n < 32 = "%i" ++ show (n-24) | n >= 32 && n < 64 = "%f" ++ show (n-32) | otherwise = panic "SPARC.Regs.showReg: unknown sparc register" -- Get the register class of a certain real reg classOfRealReg :: RealReg -> RegClass classOfRealReg reg = case reg of RealRegSingle i | i < 32 -> RcInteger | otherwise -> RcFloat RealRegPair{} -> RcDouble -- | regSqueeze_class reg -- Calculuate the maximum number of register colors that could be -- denied to a node of this class due to having this reg -- as a neighbour. -- {-# INLINE virtualRegSqueeze #-} virtualRegSqueeze :: RegClass -> VirtualReg -> FastInt virtualRegSqueeze cls vr = case cls of RcInteger -> case vr of VirtualRegI{} -> _ILIT(1) VirtualRegHi{} -> _ILIT(1) _other -> _ILIT(0) RcFloat -> case vr of VirtualRegF{} -> _ILIT(1) VirtualRegD{} -> _ILIT(2) _other -> _ILIT(0) RcDouble -> case vr of VirtualRegF{} -> _ILIT(1) VirtualRegD{} -> _ILIT(1) _other -> _ILIT(0) _other -> _ILIT(0) {-# INLINE realRegSqueeze #-} realRegSqueeze :: RegClass -> RealReg -> FastInt realRegSqueeze cls rr = case cls of RcInteger -> case rr of RealRegSingle regNo | regNo < 32 -> _ILIT(1) | otherwise -> _ILIT(0) RealRegPair{} -> _ILIT(0) RcFloat -> case rr of RealRegSingle regNo | regNo < 32 -> _ILIT(0) | otherwise -> _ILIT(1) RealRegPair{} -> _ILIT(2) RcDouble -> case rr of RealRegSingle regNo | regNo < 32 -> _ILIT(0) | otherwise -> _ILIT(1) RealRegPair{} -> _ILIT(1) _other -> _ILIT(0) -- | All the allocatable registers in the machine, -- including register pairs. allRealRegs :: [RealReg] allRealRegs = [ (RealRegSingle i) | i <- [0..63] ] ++ [ (RealRegPair i (i+1)) | i <- [32, 34 .. 62 ] ] -- | Get the regno for this sort of reg gReg, lReg, iReg, oReg, fReg :: Int -> RegNo gReg x = x -- global regs oReg x = (8 + x) -- output regs lReg x = (16 + x) -- local regs iReg x = (24 + x) -- input regs fReg x = (32 + x) -- float regs -- | Some specific regs used by the code generator. g0, g1, g2, fp, sp, o0, o1, f0, f1, f6, f8, f22, f26, f27 :: Reg f6 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (fReg 6)) f8 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (fReg 8)) f22 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (fReg 22)) f26 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (fReg 26)) f27 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (fReg 27)) -- g0 is always zero, and writes to it vanish. g0 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (gReg 0)) g1 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (gReg 1)) g2 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (gReg 2)) -- FP, SP, int and float return (from C) regs. fp = RegReal (RealRegSingle (iReg 6)) sp = RegReal (RealRegSingle (oReg 6)) o0 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (oReg 0)) o1 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (oReg 1)) f0 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (fReg 0)) f1 = RegReal (RealRegSingle (fReg 1)) -- | Produce the second-half-of-a-double register given the first half. {- fPair :: Reg -> Maybe Reg fPair (RealReg n) | n >= 32 && n `mod` 2 == 0 = Just (RealReg (n+1)) fPair (VirtualRegD u) = Just (VirtualRegHi u) fPair reg = trace ("MachInstrs.fPair: can't get high half of supposed double reg " ++ showPpr reg) Nothing -} -- | All the regs that the register allocator can allocate to, -- with the the fixed use regs removed. -- allocatableRegs :: [RealReg] allocatableRegs = let isFree rr = case rr of RealRegSingle r -> isFastTrue (freeReg r) RealRegPair r1 r2 -> isFastTrue (freeReg r1) && isFastTrue (freeReg r2) in filter isFree allRealRegs -- | The registers to place arguments for function calls, -- for some number of arguments. -- argRegs :: RegNo -> [Reg] argRegs r = case r of 0 -> [] 1 -> map (RegReal . RealRegSingle . oReg) [0] 2 -> map (RegReal . RealRegSingle . oReg) [0,1] 3 -> map (RegReal . RealRegSingle . oReg) [0,1,2] 4 -> map (RegReal . RealRegSingle . oReg) [0,1,2,3] 5 -> map (RegReal . RealRegSingle . oReg) [0,1,2,3,4] 6 -> map (RegReal . RealRegSingle . oReg) [0,1,2,3,4,5] _ -> panic "MachRegs.argRegs(sparc): don't know about >6 arguments!" -- | All all the regs that could possibly be returned by argRegs -- allArgRegs :: [Reg] allArgRegs = map (RegReal . RealRegSingle) [oReg i | i <- [0..5]] -- These are the regs that we cannot assume stay alive over a C call. -- TODO: Why can we assume that o6 isn't clobbered? -- BL 2009/02 -- callClobberedRegs :: [Reg] callClobberedRegs = map (RegReal . RealRegSingle) ( oReg 7 : [oReg i | i <- [0..5]] ++ [gReg i | i <- [1..7]] ++ [fReg i | i <- [0..31]] ) -- | Make a virtual reg with this size. mkVirtualReg :: Unique -> Size -> VirtualReg mkVirtualReg u size | not (isFloatSize size) = VirtualRegI u | otherwise = case size of FF32 -> VirtualRegF u FF64 -> VirtualRegD u _ -> panic "mkVReg" regDotColor :: RealReg -> SDoc regDotColor reg = case classOfRealReg reg of RcInteger -> text "blue" RcFloat -> text "red" _other -> text "green"
ryantm/ghc
compiler/nativeGen/SPARC/Regs.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
6,744
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE helpset PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems Inc.//DTD JavaHelp HelpSet Version 2.0//EN" "http://java.sun.com/products/javahelp/helpset_2_0.dtd"> <helpset version="2.0" xml:lang="pl-PL"> <title>Common Library</title> <maps> <homeID>commonlib</homeID> <mapref location="map.jhm"/> </maps> <view> <name>TOC</name> <label>Contents</label> <type>org.zaproxy.zap.extension.help.ZapTocView</type> <data>toc.xml</data> </view> <view> <name>Index</name> <label>Index</label> <type>javax.help.IndexView</type> <data>index.xml</data> </view> <view> <name>Search</name> <label>Search</label> <type>javax.help.SearchView</type> <data engine="com.sun.java.help.search.DefaultSearchEngine"> JavaHelpSearch </data> </view> <view> <name>Favorites</name> <label>Favorites</label> <type>javax.help.FavoritesView</type> </view> </helpset>
thc202/zap-extensions
addOns/commonlib/src/main/javahelp/help_pl_PL/helpset_pl_PL.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
965
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -cpp #-} {-+ This module implements environments (symbol tables) as finite maps. Finite maps are not necessarily faster than simple association lists, since although lookups change from O(n) to O(log n), extension changes from O(1) to O(log n), and the latter cost can be the dominating cost... -} module TiEnvFM(Env,extenv1,extenv,empty,lookup,domain,range) where import Prelude hiding (lookup) -- for Hugs import qualified Prelude -- Haskell report change workaround import Map60204 --import PrettyPrint(Printable(..),fsep) -- for debugging #if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 604 import qualified Data.Map as M (Map) newtype Env key info = Env (M.Map key info) #else import qualified Data.FiniteMap as M (FiniteMap) newtype Env key info = Env (M.FiniteMap key info) #endif extenv1 x t (Env bs) = Env (insertM x t bs) extenv bs1 (Env bs2) = Env (addListToM bs2 bs1) empty = Env emptyM lookup (Env env) x = lookupM x env domain (Env env) = keysM env range (Env env) = elemsM env -- Why isn't there a Show instance for FiniteMap?! instance (Show key,Show info) => Show (Env key info) where showsPrec n (Env env) = showsPrec n (toListM env) -- Why isn't there a Functor instance for FiniteMap?! instance Functor (Env key) where fmap f (Env bs) = Env (mapM' f bs) {- -- For debugging: instance (Printable key,Printable info) => Printable (Env key info) where ppi (Env env) = fsep (keysFM env) -}
kmate/HaRe
old/tools/base/TI/TiEnvFM.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,422
module B (name) where name :: String name = "Samantha"
sdiehl/ghc
testsuite/tests/driver/T16511/B1.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
56
module Mod120_A(T) where data T = Foo
urbanslug/ghc
testsuite/tests/module/Mod120_A.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
39
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} {-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-} module Main where import Turtle import qualified Data.Maybe as Maybe import qualified Search as Search main :: IO () main = sh $ do boss <- options "Day 21" parser let minimal = Loadout 0 Nothing Nothing Nothing let won_fight load = battle (makePlayer load) boss == "Player" cheapest_steps <- case Search.djikstra upgrade won_fight [] minimal of Just victory -> return (snd victory) Nothing -> die "Victory is impossible!" let cheapest = snd $ last cheapest_steps let cheapest_cost = loadoutCost cheapest printf "Cheapest winning loadout (part 1):\n" printf (" "%s%"\n") . itemName $ weapons !! weaponIdx cheapest printf (" "%s%"\n") $ maybe "No armor" (itemName . (armors !!)) (armorIdx cheapest) printf (" "%s%"\n") $ maybe "No left ring" (itemName . (rings !!)) (leftRingIdx cheapest) printf (" "%s%"\n") $ maybe "No right ring" (itemName . (rings !!)) (rightRingIdx cheapest) printf ("Total cost (part 1): "%d%"\n") cheapest_cost let maximal = Loadout 4 (Just 4) (Just 4) (Just 5) most_expensive_steps <- case Search.djikstra downgrade (not . won_fight) [] maximal of Just victory -> return (snd victory) Nothing -> die "Victory is certain!" let most_expensive = snd $ last most_expensive_steps let most_expensive_cost = loadoutCost most_expensive printf "Most expensive losing loadout (part 2):\n" printf (" "%s%"\n") . itemName $ weapons !! weaponIdx most_expensive printf (" "%s%"\n") $ maybe "No armor" (itemName . (armors !!)) (armorIdx most_expensive) printf (" "%s%"\n") $ maybe "No left ring" (itemName . (rings !!)) (leftRingIdx most_expensive) printf (" "%s%"\n") $ maybe "No right ring" (itemName . (rings !!)) (rightRingIdx most_expensive) printf ("Total cost (part 2): "%d%"\n") most_expensive_cost battle :: Character -> Character -> PlayerName battle p1 p2 | hp p1 <= 0 = name p2 | otherwise = battle damaged_p2 p1 where damaged_p2 = let raw_damage = damage p1 - armor p2 in p2 {hp = hp p2 - if raw_damage < 1 then 1 else raw_damage} upgrade :: Loadout -- current loadout -> [(Int, Loadout)] -- [(incremental cost, new loadout)] upgrade loadout = Maybe.catMaybes [ (\idx -> loadout { weaponIdx = idx }) <$> try_upgrade (Just $ weaponIdx loadout) weapons, (\idx -> loadout { armorIdx = Just idx }) <$> try_upgrade (armorIdx loadout) armors, do ridx <- rightRingIdx loadout lidx <- try_upgrade (leftRingIdx loadout) rings if lidx < ridx then Just $ loadout {leftRingIdx = Just lidx} else Nothing , (\idx -> loadout { rightRingIdx = Just idx }) <$> try_upgrade (rightRingIdx loadout) rings ] & map (\new -> (loadoutCost new - loadoutCost loadout, new)) where try_upgrade Nothing table = Just 0 try_upgrade (Just idx) table = if idx + 1 >= length table then Nothing else Just (idx + 1) downgrade :: Loadout -- current loadout -> [(Int, Loadout)] -- [(incremental savings, new loadout)] downgrade loadout = Maybe.catMaybes [ do wmidx <- try_downgrade (Just $ weaponIdx loadout) weapons (\idx -> loadout { weaponIdx = idx }) <$> wmidx, (\midx -> loadout { armorIdx = midx }) <$> try_downgrade (armorIdx loadout) armors, (\midx -> loadout { leftRingIdx = midx }) <$> try_downgrade (leftRingIdx loadout) rings, do rmidx <- try_downgrade (rightRingIdx loadout) rings let lmidx = leftRingIdx loadout if Maybe.isNothing lmidx && Maybe.isNothing rmidx || lmidx < rmidx then Just $ loadout {rightRingIdx = rmidx} else Nothing ] & map (\new -> (loadoutCost loadout - loadoutCost new, new)) where try_downgrade Nothing table = Nothing try_downgrade (Just idx) table = if idx == 0 then Just Nothing else Just . Just $ idx - 1 loadoutCost :: Loadout -> Int loadoutCost Loadout{..} = cost (weapons !! weaponIdx) + maybe 0 (cost . (armors !!)) armorIdx + maybe 0 (cost . (rings !!)) leftRingIdx + maybe 0 (cost . (rings !!)) rightRingIdx makePlayer :: Loadout -> Character makePlayer Loadout{..} = Character { name = "Player", hp = 100, damage = damageBonus (weapons !! weaponIdx) + maybe 0 (damageBonus . (rings !!)) leftRingIdx + maybe 0 (damageBonus . (rings !!)) rightRingIdx, armor = maybe 0 (armorBonus . (armors !!)) armorIdx + maybe 0 (armorBonus . (rings !!)) leftRingIdx + maybe 0 (armorBonus . (rings !!)) rightRingIdx } type PlayerName = Text data Character = Character { name :: Text, hp :: Int, damage :: Int, armor :: Int } deriving (Show) data Item = Item { itemName :: Text, cost :: Int, damageBonus :: Int, armorBonus :: Int } deriving (Eq, Ord, Show) data Loadout = Loadout { weaponIdx :: Int, armorIdx :: Maybe Int, leftRingIdx :: Maybe Int, rightRingIdx :: Maybe Int } deriving (Eq, Ord, Show) weapons = [ Item "Dagger" 8 4 0, Item "Shortsword" 10 5 0, Item "Warhammer" 25 6 0, Item "Longsword" 40 7 0, Item "Greataxe" 74 8 0 ] armors = [ Item "Leather" 13 0 1, Item "Chainmail" 31 0 2, Item "Splintmail" 53 0 3, Item "Bandedmail" 75 0 4, Item "Platemail" 102 0 5 ] rings = [ Item "Defense +1" 20 0 1, Item "Damage +1" 25 1 0, Item "Defense +2" 40 0 2, Item "Damage +2" 50 2 0, Item "Defense +3" 80 0 3, Item "Damage +3" 100 3 0 ] parser = Character "Boss" <$> (fromIntegral <$> optInteger "health" 'p' "Boss health") <*> (fromIntegral <$> optInteger "damage" 'd' "Boss damage") <*> (fromIntegral <$> optInteger "armor" 'a' "Boss armor")
devonhollowood/adventofcode
2015/day21/day21.hs
Haskell
mit
5,700
module Three where import Test.QuickCheck import Test.QuickCheck.Checkers data Three a b c = Three a b c deriving (Eq, Ord, Show) -- instance Functor (Three a b) where fmap f (Three a b c) = Three a b (f c) instance Foldable (Three a b) where foldMap f (Three a b c) = f c instance Traversable (Three a b) where traverse f (Three a b c) = Three a b <$> f c -- instance (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c) => Arbitrary (Three a b c) where arbitrary = Three <$> arbitrary <*> arbitrary <*> arbitrary instance (Eq a, Eq b, Eq c) => EqProp (Three a b c) where (=-=) = eq
NickAger/LearningHaskell
HaskellProgrammingFromFirstPrinciples/Chapter21/Exercises/src/Three.hs
Haskell
mit
593
module Gen.Core ( surroundWith , smallArbitrary , maybeGen , genNothing , module Language.GoLite.Syntax , module Control.Monad , module Test.Hspec , module Test.Hspec.QuickCheck , module Test.QuickCheck ) where import Language.GoLite.Syntax import Control.Monad import Test.Hspec import Test.Hspec.QuickCheck import Test.QuickCheck hiding ( Positive ) -- Conflicts with Types.Positive import Test.QuickCheck.Gen ( Gen(MkGen) ) -- | Creates a function which will surround a string with the given string. surroundWith :: String -> (String -> String) surroundWith s = (\x -> s ++ x ++ s) -- | Generates a size-1 arbitrary value. smallArbitrary :: Arbitrary a => Gen a smallArbitrary = (resize 1 arbitrary) -- | Generates either just a value from the given generator, or nothing. -- The body is the same as the instance for Arbitrary (Maybe a) -- (https://goo.gl/zimSLs), -- but available as a standalone function. maybeGen :: Gen a -> Gen (Maybe a) maybeGen g = frequency [(1, pure Nothing), (3, liftM Just g)] -- | Generates Nothing. genNothing :: Gen (Maybe a) genNothing = (MkGen $ \_ _ -> Nothing)
djeik/goto
test/Gen/Core.hs
Haskell
mit
1,104
module Foo
chreekat/vim-haskell-syntax
test/golden/module-firstline.hs
Haskell
mit
11
-- -- Find the greatest product of five consecutive digits in the 1000-digit number. -- number = "73167176531330624919225119674426574742355349194934" ++ "96983520312774506326239578318016984801869478851843" ++ "85861560789112949495459501737958331952853208805511" ++ "12540698747158523863050715693290963295227443043557" ++ "66896648950445244523161731856403098711121722383113" ++ "62229893423380308135336276614282806444486645238749" ++ "30358907296290491560440772390713810515859307960866" ++ "70172427121883998797908792274921901699720888093776" ++ "65727333001053367881220235421809751254540594752243" ++ "52584907711670556013604839586446706324415722155397" ++ "53697817977846174064955149290862569321978468622482" ++ "83972241375657056057490261407972968652414535100474" ++ "82166370484403199890008895243450658541227588666881" ++ "16427171479924442928230863465674813919123162824586" ++ "17866458359124566529476545682848912883142607690042" ++ "24219022671055626321111109370544217506941658960408" ++ "07198403850962455444362981230987879927244284909188" ++ "84580156166097919133875499200524063689912560717606" ++ "05886116467109405077541002256983155200055935729725" ++ "71636269561882670428252483600823257530420752963450" chunkSize = 5 chunks = map (\ x -> take chunkSize $ drop x number) [0 .. length number - chunkSize] toNumbers :: String -> [Int] toNumbers = map (\ x -> read [x] :: Int) main = print $ maximum $ map (product . toNumbers) chunks
stu-smith/project-euler-haskell
Euler-008.hs
Haskell
mit
1,556
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-} module Dissent.Protocol.Shuffle.Leader where import Control.Monad.Error import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource import Data.List (sortBy) import qualified Network.Socket as NS import qualified Dissent.Crypto.Rsa as R import qualified Dissent.Network.Quorum as NQ import qualified Dissent.Network.Socket as NS import qualified Dissent.Types.Quorum as TQ import qualified Dissent.Types.Peer as TP run :: TQ.Quorum -> IO () run quorum = runResourceT $ do result <- runErrorT $ do sockets <- phase1 quorum ciphers <- phase2 sockets _ <- phase3 sockets ciphers return () case result of Left e -> error ("Something went wrong: " ++ e) Right b -> return b -- | In the first phase, our leader will open a socket that -- slaves can connect to, and will wait for all slaves to -- connect to the quorum. -- -- This is a blocking operation. phase1 :: ( MonadIO m , MonadError String m , MonadResource m) => TQ.Quorum -- ^ The Quorum we operate on -> m [NS.Socket] -- ^ The sockets we accepted phase1 quorum = let accepted = NQ.accept quorum TP.Leader -- Returns all accepted sockets from all slaves. -- -- This is a blocking operation. sockets = (return . map fst) =<< accepted -- After a connection has been established with a slave, we -- expect a handshake to occur. At the present moment, this -- handshake only involves a peer telling us his id, so we know -- which socket to associate with which peer. -- -- This is a blocking operation. handShake socket = do peerId <- liftIO $ NS.receiveAndDecode socket either throwError return peerId -- Now, after this process, we have a list of sockets, and a list -- of peer ids. Once we put them in a zipped list, we have a convenient -- way to sort them by peer id, thus allowing us to easily look up a -- socket by a peer's id. sortSockets :: [(TP.Id, NS.Socket)] -> [(TP.Id, NS.Socket)] sortSockets = let predicate lhs rhs | fst lhs < fst rhs = LT | fst lhs > fst rhs = GT | otherwise = EQ in sortBy predicate in do unorderedSockets <- liftResourceT sockets -- Retrieve all peer ids peerIds <- mapM handShake unorderedSockets -- Combine the sockets with the peer ids, sort them based on the peer id, -- and get a list of the sockets out of it. return (map snd (sortSockets (zip peerIds unorderedSockets))) -- | In the second phase, the leader receives all the encrypted messages from all -- the slaves. -- -- This is a blocking operation. phase2 :: ( MonadIO m , MonadError String m) => [NS.Socket] -- ^ The Sockets we accepted -> m [R.Encrypted] -- ^ All the encrypted messages we received from the -- slaves. phase2 sockets = do ciphers <- liftIO $ mapM NS.receiveAndDecode sockets either throwError return (sequence ciphers) -- | In the third phase, the leader sends all the ciphers to the first node -- in the quorum. -- -- Note that in our implementation, the first node is always the leader -- itself. phase3 :: MonadIO m => [NS.Socket] -- ^ All connections to all slaves -> [R.Encrypted] -- ^ The ciphers we received from all slaves -> m () phase3 sockets ciphers = let firstSocket :: NS.Socket firstSocket = head sockets in do liftIO $ NS.encodeAndSend firstSocket ciphers return ()
solatis/dissent
src/Dissent/Protocol/Shuffle/Leader.hs
Haskell
mit
3,730
#!/usr/bin/env stack -- stack --install-ghc runghc --package turtle {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} import Turtle main = stdout $ grep ((star dot) <> "monads" <> (star dot)) $ input "README.md"
JoshuaGross/haskell-learning-log
Code/turtle/grep.hs
Haskell
mit
210
Config { font = "xft:Inconsolata:size=13" , bgColor = "#3a3a3a" , fgColor = "#dcdccc" , position = Top , commands = [ Run MPD [ "--template", "<statei> <fc=#8cd0d3><title></fc> - <fc=#f0dfaf><artist></fc> - <lapsed>/<remaining>" , "--" , "-P", "<fc=#bfebbf>>></fc>" , "-Z", "<fc=#dca3a3>##</fc>" , "-S", "<fc=#dca3a3>##</fc>" ] 5 , Run CoreTemp [ "--Low", "40" , "--High", "60" , "--low", "#87af87" , "--normal", "#ffd7af" , "--high", "#dca3a3" , "--template", "T: <core0>°C" ] 10 , Run MultiCpu [ "--Low", "5" , "--High", "50" , "--low", "#87af87" , "--normal", "#ffd7af" , "--high", "#dca3a3" , "--template", "P: <total>%" ] 10 , Run Memory [ "--Low", "33" , "--High", "66" , "--low", "#87af87" , "--normal", "#ffd7af" , "--high", "#dca3a3" , "--template", "M: <usedratio>%" ] 10 , Run DynNetwork [ "--Low", "16384" , "--High", "1048576" , "--low", "#87af87" , "--normal", "#ffd7af" , "--high", "#dca3a3" , "--template", "N: <rx>KB/<tx>KB" ] 10 , Run Volume "default" "Master" [ "--template", "V: <volume>% <status>" , "--" , "--on", "[on]" , "--off", "[mu]" , "--onc", "#87af87" , "--offc", "#dca3a3" ] 5 , Run Date "<fc=#ffd7af>%a %b %_d</fc> <fc=#8cd0d3>%l:%M</fc>" "date" 10 , Run StdinReader ] , alignSep = "}{" , template = "%StdinReader% }{ %mpd% | %default:Master% | %dynnetwork% | %coretemp% | %multicpu% | %memory% %date% " }
randalloveson/dotfiles
xmonad/.xmonad/xmobar.hs
Haskell
mit
2,230
module Rebase.Data.Functor.Sum ( module Data.Functor.Sum ) where import Data.Functor.Sum
nikita-volkov/rebase
library/Rebase/Data/Functor/Sum.hs
Haskell
mit
92
{-# LANGUAGE NoImplicitPrelude #-} {-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-} module App.State ( ServerState(..) , HasConnections , GameState , IsConnection(..) , defaultInitialState , defaultInitialStateWithRandomPositions ) where import App.ConnectionMgnt import ClassyPrelude import Config.GameConfig (defaultConfig, defaultConfigWithRandomPositions) import GameNg (GameState (..), initialStateFromConfig) import Network.Protocol (Player) data ServerState conn = ServerState { stateConnections :: ClientConnections conn , gameState :: GameState , playerMap :: Map Player ConnectionId } instance IsConnection conn => HasConnections (ServerState conn) where type Conn (ServerState conn) = conn getConnections = stateConnections setConnections conns state = state { stateConnections = conns } defaultInitialStateWithRandomPositions :: IO (ServerState conn) defaultInitialStateWithRandomPositions = do config <- defaultConfigWithRandomPositions return ServerState { stateConnections = ClientConnections mempty 0 , gameState = GameRunning_ $ initialStateFromConfig config , playerMap = mempty } defaultInitialState :: ServerState conn defaultInitialState = ServerState { stateConnections = ClientConnections mempty 0 , gameState = GameRunning_ $ initialStateFromConfig defaultConfig , playerMap = mempty }
Haskell-Praxis/core-catcher
src/App/State.hs
Haskell
mit
1,560
{-| Module : TrackParameter Description : Short description Copyright : (c) Laurent Bulteau, Romeo Rizzi, Stéphane Vialette, 2016-1017 License : MIT Maintainer : vialette@gmail.com Stability : experimental Here is a longer description of this module, containing some commentary with @some markup@. -} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-} {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} import qualified Data.Foldable as Foldable import System.Console.CmdArgs import System.Random import qualified Data.Algorithm.PPattern.Perm.Monotone as Perm.Monotone import qualified Data.Algorithm.PPattern.Perm.Random as Perm.Random data Options = Options { size :: Int , trials :: Int , seed :: Int } deriving (Data, Typeable) options :: Options options = Options { size = def &= help "The permutation size" , trials = def &= help "The number of trials" , seed = def &= help "The seed of the random generator" } &= verbosity &= summary "split-parameter v0.1.0.0, (C) Laurent Bulteau, Romeo Rizzi, Stéphane Vialette, 2016-1017" &= program "split-parameter" -- Estimate distribution trackParamter :: RandomGen g => Int -> Int -> g -> [Int] trackParamter n t = aux [] 1 where aux acc i g | i > t = acc | otherwise = aux (k : acc) (i+1) g' where (p, g') = Perm.Random.rand' n g k = Perm.Monotone.longestDecreasingLength p go :: RandomGen g => Int -> Int -> g -> IO () go n t g = Foldable.mapM_ putStr $ fmap (\k -> show n ++ "," ++ show k ++ "\n") ks where ks = trackParamter n t g main :: IO () main = do opts <- cmdArgs options go (size opts) (trials opts)$ mkStdGen (seed opts)
vialette/ppattern-tmp
src/TrackParameter.hs
Haskell
mit
1,823
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-} module Kantour.KcData.Map.Image where import Data.Aeson import GHC.Generics import qualified Data.HashMap.Strict as HM import Kantour.KcData.Map.Sprite import qualified Data.Text as T data Image = Image { frames :: HM.HashMap T.Text Sprite , meta :: Maybe Value } deriving (Generic) instance FromJSON Image
Javran/tuppence
src/Kantour/KcData/Map/Image.hs
Haskell
mit
347
pertenece :: a -> ArbolG a -> Bool pertenece a AVG = False pertenece a (AG r s) = if ( a == r) then true else (aux a s) aux :: (Eq a) => a -> [ArbolG a] -> Bool aux a [] = False; aux a (h:t) if pertenece a h then True else aux a t
josegury/HaskellFuntions
Arboles/HojaPerteneceArbol.hs
Haskell
mit
234
module Language.MSH.BuiltIn where newClassName :: String newClassName = "New" newArgsTypeName :: String newArgsTypeName = "Args" newKwdName :: String newKwdName = "new"
mbg/monadic-state-hierarchies
Language/MSH/BuiltIn.hs
Haskell
mit
173
module TypeKwonDo where chk :: Eq b => (a -> b) -> a -> b -> Bool chk aToB a b = aToB a == b arith :: Num b => (a -> b) -> Integer -> a -> b arith aToB int a = aToB a + fromInteger int
rasheedja/HaskellFromFirstPrinciples
Chapter6/typeKwonDo.hs
Haskell
mit
187
module CostasLikeArrays.A320574 where import Helpers.CostasLikeArrays (distinctDistances, countPermutationsUpToDihedralSymmetry) import Helpers.Records (allMax) import Data.List (permutations) a320574 :: Int -> Int a320574 n = countPermutationsUpToDihedralSymmetry n $ allMax distinctDistances $ permutations [0..n-1]
peterokagey/haskellOEIS
src/CostasLikeArrays/A320574.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
319
module Permutations.A329851Spec (main, spec) where import Test.Hspec import Permutations.A329851 (a329851) main :: IO () main = hspec spec spec :: Spec spec = describe "A329851" $ it "correctly computes the first six elements" $ map a329851 [0..5] `shouldBe` expectedValue where expectedValue = [0, 2, 12, 120, 1320, 17856]
peterokagey/haskellOEIS
test/Permutations/A329851Spec.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
338
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings, CPP #-} module FormStructure.Countries where #ifndef __HASTE__ import Data.Text.Lazy (Text) #else type Text = String #endif countries :: [(Text, Text)] countries = [ ("", "--select--") , ("AF", "Afghanistan") , ("AX", "Åland Islands") , ("AL", "Albania") , ("DZ", "Algeria") , ("AS", "American Samoa") , ("AD", "Andorra") , ("AO", "Angola") , ("AI", "Anguilla") , ("AQ", "Antarctica") , ("AG", "Antigua and Barbuda") , ("AR", "Argentina") , ("AM", "Armenia") , ("AW", "Aruba") , ("AU", "Australia") , ("AT", "Austria") , ("AZ", "Azerbaijan") , ("BS", "Bahamas") , ("BH", "Bahrain") , ("BD", "Bangladesh") , ("BB", "Barbados") , ("BY", "Belarus") , ("BE", "Belgium") , ("BZ", "Belize") , ("BJ", "Benin") , ("BM", "Bermuda") , ("BT", "Bhutan") , ("BO", "Bolivia, Plurinational State of") , ("BQ", "Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba") , ("BA", "Bosnia and Herzegovina") , ("BW", "Botswana") , ("BV", "Bouvet Island") , ("BR", "Brazil") , ("IO", "British Indian Ocean Territory") , ("BN", "Brunei Darussalam") , ("BG", "Bulgaria") , ("BF", "Burkina Faso") , ("BI", "Burundi") , ("KH", "Cambodia") , ("CM", "Cameroon") , ("CA", "Canada") , ("CV", "Cape Verde") , ("KY", "Cayman Islands") , ("CF", "Central African Republic") , ("TD", "Chad") , ("CL", "Chile") , ("CN", "China") , ("CX", "Christmas Island") , ("CC", "Cocos (Keeling) Islands") , ("CO", "Colombia") , ("KM", "Comoros") , ("CG", "Congo") , ("CD", "Congo, the Democratic Republic of the") , ("CK", "Cook Islands") , ("CR", "Costa Rica") , ("CI", "Côte d'Ivoire") , ("HR", "Croatia") , ("CU", "Cuba") , ("CW", "Curaçao") , ("CY", "Cyprus") , ("CZ", "Czech Republic") , ("DK", "Denmark") , ("DJ", "Djibouti") , ("DM", "Dominica") , ("DO", "Dominican Republic") , ("EC", "Ecuador") , ("EG", "Egypt") , ("SV", "El Salvador") , ("GQ", "Equatorial Guinea") , ("ER", "Eritrea") , ("EE", "Estonia") , ("ET", "Ethiopia") , ("FK", "Falkland Islands (Malvinas)") , ("FO", "Faroe Islands") , ("FJ", "Fiji") , ("FI", "Finland") , ("FR", "France") , ("GF", "French Guiana") , ("PF", "French Polynesia") , ("TF", "French Southern Territories") , ("GA", "Gabon") , ("GM", "Gambia") , ("GE", "Georgia") , ("DE", "Germany") , ("GH", "Ghana") , ("GI", "Gibraltar") , ("GR", "Greece") , ("GL", "Greenland") , ("GD", "Grenada") , ("GP", "Guadeloupe") , ("GU", "Guam") , ("GT", "Guatemala") , ("GG", "Guernsey") , ("GN", "Guinea") , ("GW", "Guinea-Bissau") , ("GY", "Guyana") , ("HT", "Haiti") , ("HM", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands") , ("VA", "Holy See (Vatican City State)") , ("HN", "Honduras") , ("HK", "Hong Kong") , ("HU", "Hungary") , ("IS", "Iceland") , ("IN", "India") , ("ID", "Indonesia") , ("IR", "Iran, Islamic Republic of") , ("IQ", "Iraq") , ("IE", "Ireland") , ("IM", "Isle of Man") , ("IL", "Israel") , ("IT", "Italy") , ("JM", "Jamaica") , ("JP", "Japan") , ("JE", "Jersey") , ("JO", "Jordan") , ("KZ", "Kazakhstan") , ("KE", "Kenya") , ("KI", "Kiribati") , ("KP", "Korea, Democratic People's Republic of") , ("KR", "Korea, Republic of") , ("KW", "Kuwait") , ("KG", "Kyrgyzstan") , ("LA", "Lao People's Democratic Republic") , ("LV", "Latvia") , ("LB", "Lebanon") , ("LS", "Lesotho") , ("LR", "Liberia") , ("LY", "Libya") , ("LI", "Liechtenstein") , ("LT", "Lithuania") , ("LU", "Luxembourg") , ("MO", "Macao") , ("MK", "Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of") , ("MG", "Madagascar") , ("MW", "Malawi") , ("MY", "Malaysia") , ("MV", "Maldives") , ("ML", "Mali") , ("MT", "Malta") , ("MH", "Marshall Islands") , ("MQ", "Martinique") , ("MR", "Mauritania") , ("MU", "Mauritius") , ("YT", "Mayotte") , ("MX", "Mexico") , ("FM", "Micronesia, Federated States of") , ("MD", "Moldova, Republic of") , ("MC", "Monaco") , ("MN", "Mongolia") , ("ME", "Montenegro") , ("MS", "Montserrat") , ("MA", "Morocco") , ("MZ", "Mozambique") , ("MM", "Myanmar") , ("NA", "Namibia") , ("NR", "Nauru") , ("NP", "Nepal") , ("NL", "Netherlands") , ("NC", "New Caledonia") , ("NZ", "New Zealand") , ("NI", "Nicaragua") , ("NE", "Niger") , ("NG", "Nigeria") , ("NU", "Niue") , ("NF", "Norfolk Island") , ("MP", "Northern Mariana Islands") , ("NO", "Norway") , ("OM", "Oman") , ("PK", "Pakistan") , ("PW", "Palau") , ("PS", "Palestinian Territory, Occupied") , ("PA", "Panama") , ("PG", "Papua New Guinea") , ("PY", "Paraguay") , ("PE", "Peru") , ("PH", "Philippines") , ("PN", "Pitcairn") , ("PL", "Poland") , ("PT", "Portugal") , ("PR", "Puerto Rico") , ("QA", "Qatar") , ("RE", "Réunion") , ("RO", "Romania") , ("RU", "Russian Federation") , ("RW", "Rwanda") , ("BL", "Saint Barthélemy") , ("SH", "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha") , ("KN", "Saint Kitts and Nevis") , ("LC", "Saint Lucia") , ("MF", "Saint Martin (French part)") , ("PM", "Saint Pierre and Miquelon") , ("VC", "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines") , ("WS", "Samoa") , ("SM", "San Marino") , ("ST", "Sao Tome and Principe") , ("SA", "Saudi Arabia") , ("SN", "Senegal") , ("RS", "Serbia") , ("SC", "Seychelles") , ("SL", "Sierra Leone") , ("SG", "Singapore") , ("SX", "Sint Maarten (Dutch part)") , ("SK", "Slovakia") , ("SI", "Slovenia") , ("SB", "Solomon Islands") , ("SO", "Somalia") , ("ZA", "South Africa") , ("GS", "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands") , ("SS", "South Sudan") , ("ES", "Spain") , ("LK", "Sri Lanka") , ("SD", "Sudan") , ("SR", "Suriname") , ("SJ", "Svalbard and Jan Mayen") , ("SZ", "Swaziland") , ("SE", "Sweden") , ("CH", "Switzerland") , ("SY", "Syrian Arab Republic") , ("TW", "Taiwan, Province of China") , ("TJ", "Tajikistan") , ("TZ", "Tanzania, United Republic of") , ("TH", "Thailand") , ("TL", "Timor-Leste") , ("TG", "Togo") , ("TK", "Tokelau") , ("TO", "Tonga") , ("TT", "Trinidad and Tobago") , ("TN", "Tunisia") , ("TR", "Turkey") , ("TM", "Turkmenistan") , ("TC", "Turks and Caicos Islands") , ("TV", "Tuvalu") , ("UG", "Uganda") , ("UA", "Ukraine") , ("AE", "United Arab Emirates") , ("GB", "United Kingdom") , ("US", "United States") , ("UM", "United States Minor Outlying Islands") , ("UY", "Uruguay") , ("UZ", "Uzbekistan") , ("VU", "Vanuatu") , ("VE", "Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of") , ("VN", "Viet Nam") , ("VG", "Virgin Islands, British") , ("VI", "Virgin Islands, U.S.") , ("WF", "Wallis and Futuna") , ("EH", "Western Sahara") , ("YE", "Yemen") , ("ZM", "Zambia") , ("ZW", "Zimbabwe") ]
DataStewardshipPortal/ds-elixir-cz
FormStructure/Countries.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
6,814
module HuttonSScript where import HERMIT.API script :: Shell () script = return ()
ku-fpg/better-life
examples/HERMIT/HuttonSScript.hs
Haskell
bsd-2-clause
85
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-} {-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-} {-# LANGUAGE UndecidableInstances #-} {-| Module : Numeric.AERN.RmToRn.Plot.FnView.State Description : internal state of a FnView widget Copyright : (c) Michal Konecny License : BSD3 Maintainer : mikkonecny@gmail.com Stability : experimental Portability : portable Internal module for FnView. Internal state of a FnView widget. -} module Numeric.AERN.RmToRn.Plot.FnView.State --( --) where import Numeric.AERN.RmToRn.Plot.FnView.FnData import Numeric.AERN.RmToRn.Plot.Params import Numeric.AERN.RmToRn.Domain import qualified Numeric.AERN.RealArithmetic.RefinementOrderRounding as ArithInOut import qualified Numeric.AERN.RefinementOrder as RefOrd data FnViewState f = FnViewState { favstActiveFns :: [[Bool]], favstTrackingDefaultEvalPt :: Bool, favstCanvasParams :: CanvasParams (Domain f), favstZoomPercent :: Double, favstPanCentre :: (Domain f, Domain f) } initState :: (ArithInOut.RoundedReal (Domain f)) => (ArithInOut.RoundedRealEffortIndicator (Domain f)) -> (t, FnMetaData f) -> FnViewState f initState effReal (_, fnmeta) = FnViewState { favstActiveFns = activeFns, favstTrackingDefaultEvalPt = True, favstCanvasParams = (dataDefaultCanvasParams fnmeta) { cnvprmCoordSystem = linearCoordsWithZoomAndCentre effReal defaultZoom centre $ getFnExtents fnmeta }, favstZoomPercent = defaultZoom, favstPanCentre = centre } where centre = getDefaultCentre effReal fnmeta activeFns = mergeDefaults (mergeDefaults $ \ _a b -> b) allTrue $ dataDefaultActiveFns fnmeta allTrue = map (map $ const True) $ dataFnNames fnmeta mergeDefaults :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> [a] -> [a] mergeDefaults _ [] _ = [] mergeDefaults _ list1 [] = list1 mergeDefaults mergeElems (h1:t1) (h2:t2) = (mergeElems h1 h2) : (mergeDefaults mergeElems t1 t2) updateShowAxes :: Bool -> (FnViewState f) -> (FnViewState f) updateShowAxes showAxes state = state { favstCanvasParams = (favstCanvasParams state) { cnvprmShowAxes = showAxes } } updateFontSize :: Maybe Double -> (FnViewState f) -> (FnViewState f) updateFontSize maybeFontSize state = state { favstCanvasParams = (favstCanvasParams state) { cnvprmShowSampleValuesFontSize = maybeFontSize } } defaultZoom :: Double defaultZoom = 90 updateZoomPanCentreCoordSystem :: Double -> (Domain f, Domain f) -> (CoordSystem (Domain f)) -> (FnViewState f) -> (FnViewState f) updateZoomPanCentreCoordSystem zoomPercent panCentre coordSystem state = state { favstCanvasParams = (favstCanvasParams state) { cnvprmCoordSystem = coordSystem }, favstZoomPercent = zoomPercent, favstPanCentre = panCentre } updatePanCentreCoordSystem :: (Domain f, Domain f) -> (CoordSystem (Domain f)) -> (FnViewState f) -> (FnViewState f) updatePanCentreCoordSystem = updateZoomPanCentreCoordSystem defaultZoom updateZoomPercentAndFnExtents :: ArithInOut.RoundedReal (Domain f) => ArithInOut.RoundedRealEffortIndicator (Domain f) -> Double -> (Domain f, Domain f, Domain f, Domain f) -> FnViewState f -> FnViewState f updateZoomPercentAndFnExtents effFromDouble zoomPercent fnExtents state = state { favstCanvasParams = (favstCanvasParams state) { cnvprmCoordSystem = newCoordSystem }, favstZoomPercent = zoomPercent } where newCoordSystem = case cnvprmCoordSystem (favstCanvasParams state) of csys@(CoordSystemLogSqueeze _) -> csys CoordSystemLinear _ -> linearCoordsWithZoomAndCentre effFromDouble zoomPercent centre fnExtents centre = favstPanCentre state updateCentreByRatio :: (ArithInOut.RoundedReal (Domain f), RefOrd.IntervalLike (Domain f), Show (Domain f)) => (ArithInOut.RoundedRealEffortIndicator (Domain f)) -> (Double, Double) -> FnViewState f -> FnViewState f updateCentreByRatio effReal (ratX, ratY) state = case cnvprmCoordSystem (favstCanvasParams state) of CoordSystemLogSqueeze _ -> state CoordSystemLinear (Rectangle hi lo l r) -> -- unsafePrint ( -- "updateCentreByRatio: CoordSystemLinear: " -- ++ "\n ratX = " ++ show ratX -- ++ "; ratY = " ++ show ratY -- ++ "\n shiftX = " ++ show shiftX -- ++ "; shiftY = " ++ show shiftY -- ++ "\n old cX = " ++ show cX -- ++ "; old cY = " ++ show cY -- ++ "\n old Rect = " ++ show (hi,lo,l,r) -- ++ "\n new system = " ++ show coordSystem -- ) $ state { favstCanvasParams = (favstCanvasParams state) { cnvprmCoordSystem = coordSystem }, favstPanCentre = (shiftX cX, shiftY cY) } where (cX,cY) = favstPanCentre state shiftX a = fst $ RefOrd.getEndpointsOut $ a <-> (ratX |<*> fnDomWidth) shiftY a = fst $ RefOrd.getEndpointsOut $ a <-> (ratY |<*> fnRangeHeight) fnDomWidth = r <-> l fnRangeHeight = lo <-> hi coordSystem = CoordSystemLinear (Rectangle (shiftY hi) (shiftY lo) (shiftX l) (shiftX r)) (<->) = ArithInOut.subtrOutEff effAdd (|<*>) = flip $ ArithInOut.mixedMultOutEff effMultDbl effAdd = ArithInOut.fldEffortAdd sampleDom $ ArithInOut.rrEffortField sampleDom effReal effMultDbl = ArithInOut.mxfldEffortMult sampleDom (1::Double) $ ArithInOut.rrEffortDoubleMixedField sampleDom effReal sampleDom = cX updateFnActive :: Int -> Int -> Bool -> (FnViewState f) -> (FnViewState f) updateFnActive fnNo dimNo isActive state = state { favstActiveFns = updateDim $ favstActiveFns state } where updateDim activeDims = listUpdate fnNo activeFnDims activeDims where activeFnDims = listUpdate dimNo isActive (activeDims !! fnNo) linearCoordsWithZoom :: (ArithInOut.RoundedReal t) => ArithInOut.RoundedRealEffortIndicator t -> Double {-^ zoom level in percent -} -> (t,t,t,t) {-^ upper, lower, left, right bounds of the function graph -} -> CoordSystem t linearCoordsWithZoom effReal zoomPercent fnExtents@(fnHI, fnLO, fnL, fnR) = linearCoordsWithZoomAndCentre effReal zoomPercent (cX,cY) fnExtents where cX = (fnL <+> fnR) </>| (2 :: Int) cY = (fnLO <+> fnHI) </>| (2 :: Int) (<+>) = ArithInOut.addOutEff effAdd (</>|) = ArithInOut.mixedDivOutEff effDivInt effAdd = ArithInOut.fldEffortAdd sampleDom $ ArithInOut.rrEffortField sampleDom effReal effDivInt = ArithInOut.mxfldEffortDiv sampleDom (1::Int) $ ArithInOut.rrEffortIntMixedField sampleDom effReal sampleDom = fnL linearCoordsWithZoomAndCentre :: (ArithInOut.RoundedReal t) => ArithInOut.RoundedRealEffortIndicator t -> Double {-^ zoom level in percent -} -> (t, t) {-^ x,y coordinates of the centre -} -> (t, t, t, t) {-^ upper, lower, left, right bounds of the function graph -} -> CoordSystem (t) linearCoordsWithZoomAndCentre effReal zoomPercent (cX,cY) (fnHI, fnLO, fnL, fnR) = CoordSystemLinear $ Rectangle hi lo l r where hi = cY <+> heighHalf lo = cY <-> heighHalf l = cX <-> widthHalf r = cX <+> widthHalf heighHalf = zoomRatio |<*> fnHeightHalf widthHalf = zoomRatio |<*> fnWidthHalf zoomRatio = 100 / zoomPercent fnWidthHalf = (fnR <-> fnL) </>| (2 :: Int) fnHeightHalf = (fnHI <-> fnLO) </>| (2 :: Int) (<+>) = ArithInOut.addOutEff effAdd (<->) = ArithInOut.subtrOutEff effAdd (|<*>) = flip $ ArithInOut.mixedMultOutEff effMultDbl (</>|) = ArithInOut.mixedDivOutEff effDivInt effAdd = ArithInOut.fldEffortAdd sampleDom $ ArithInOut.rrEffortField sampleDom effReal effMultDbl = ArithInOut.mxfldEffortMult sampleDom (1::Double) $ ArithInOut.rrEffortDoubleMixedField sampleDom effReal effDivInt = ArithInOut.mxfldEffortDiv sampleDom (1::Int) $ ArithInOut.rrEffortIntMixedField sampleDom effReal sampleDom = cX listUpdate :: Int -> a -> [a] -> [a] listUpdate _ _ [] = error "FV: listUpdate: invalid index" listUpdate i newx (x:xs) | i == 0 = newx : xs | i > 0 = x : (listUpdate (i - 1) newx xs) | otherwise = error "FV: listUpdate: invalid index"
michalkonecny/aern
aern-realfn-plot-gtk/src/Numeric/AERN/RmToRn/Plot/FnView/State.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
9,417
module Sesyrel.FaultTree.Elimination (findOrdering, pretend, Algorithm(..)) where import Sesyrel.FaultTree.Base (Variable) import Data.Function (on) import Data.Foldable import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe) import Data.List (partition) import Data.Map.Strict (Map) import qualified Data.Map.Strict as M import Data.Set (Set) import qualified Data.Set as S type Clique = Set Variable type Graph = Map Variable (Set Variable) data Algorithm = GraphMinFill | GraphMinNeighbors pretend :: [Variable] -> [[Variable]] -> [[[Variable]]] pretend vs = map (map S.toList) . pretend' vs . map S.fromList pretend' :: [Variable] -> [Clique] -> [[Clique]] pretend' [] cliques = [cliques] pretend' (v : vs) cliques = let (c, rest) = escapeClique v cliques in cliques : pretend' vs (if null c then rest else c : rest) escapeClique :: Variable -> [Clique] -> (Clique, [Clique]) escapeClique v cliques = let (yes, no) = partition (elem v) cliques c = S.delete v $ fold yes in (c, no) findOrdering :: Maybe Algorithm -> [Variable] -> [[Variable]] -> [(Variable, Int)] findOrdering alg vs cs = findOrdering' alg (S.fromList vs) $ map S.fromList cs findOrdering' :: Maybe Algorithm -> Set Variable -> [Clique] -> [(Variable, Int)] findOrdering' Nothing = findOrdering' (Just GraphMinNeighbors) findOrdering' (Just GraphMinFill) = findGraphOrdering costFunctionMinFill findOrdering' (Just GraphMinNeighbors) = findGraphOrdering costFunctionMinNeighbors findGraphOrdering :: (Graph -> Variable -> Int) -> Set Variable -> [Clique] -> [(Variable, Int)] findGraphOrdering costFunction vars cliques = go vars (makeGraph cliques) where go vs g | S.null vs = [] | otherwise = let v = getNextVertex (costFunction g) vs (g', sz) = removeVertex v g in v `seq` sz `seq` ((v, sz) : go (S.delete v vs) g') getNextVertex :: (Variable -> Int) -> Set Variable -> Variable getNextVertex f vs = let costs = S.mapMonotonic (\v -> (v, f v)) vs in fst $ minimumBy (compare `on` snd) costs addClique :: Graph -> Clique -> Graph addClique graph clique = foldl' (flip addEdge) graph edges where f = S.toList clique edges = [(v1, v2) | v1 <- f, v2 <- f, v1 /= v2] addEdge :: (Variable, Variable) -> Graph -> Graph addEdge (a, b) = M.insertWith S.union a (S.singleton b) removeEdge :: (Variable, Variable) -> Graph -> Graph removeEdge (a, b) = M.adjust (S.delete b) a removeVertex :: Variable -> Graph -> (Graph, Int) removeVertex a g = let ns = fromMaybe S.empty (M.lookup a g) sz = length ns in ((`addClique` ns) . M.delete a $ foldl' (\g' b -> removeEdge (b, a) $ removeEdge (a, b) g') g ns, sz) makeGraph :: [Clique] -> Graph makeGraph cliques = foldl' addClique M.empty cliques costFunctionMinFill :: Graph -> Variable -> Int costFunctionMinFill g v = let neighs = fromMaybe S.empty (M.lookup v g) edgeNum k = S.size $ S.difference neighs (g M.! k) in sum . map edgeNum . S.toList $ neighs costFunctionMinNeighbors :: Graph -> Variable -> Int costFunctionMinNeighbors g v = S.size . fromMaybe S.empty . M.lookup v $ g
balodja/sesyrel
src/Sesyrel/FaultTree/Elimination.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
3,159
import TCPServer(setupSocket) import Prelude hiding (lookup) import Network.Socket import NaiveHttpRequestParser(naiveHttpRequestParser, Request(..), RequestType(..)) import Control.Concurrent(forkIO, threadDelay, MVar, newMVar, takeMVar, putMVar) import Control.Monad(forM_, forever) import Data.Map.Strict(Map, empty, lookup, insert) newtype Database = Database (MVar (Map String String) ) createDB :: IO Database createDB = Database <$> newMVar empty threadPoolSize :: Int threadPoolSize = 5000 main :: IO () main = do listeningSocket <- setupSocket 3001 db <- createDB forM_ [1..threadPoolSize] $ \num -> do putStrLn $ "Forking thread " ++ show num forkIO (runServer db num listeningSocket) forever (threadDelay 10000000) runServer :: Database -> Int -> Socket -> IO () runServer database num socket = forever $ do (connection, _) <- accept socket erequest <- naiveHttpRequestParser <$> recv connection 4096 case erequest of Right (Request GET _ path _) -> do result <- runQuery path database send connection result Right (Request POST body _ _) -> do newStore <- storeParams database body send connection ("" ++ show newStore) Left _ -> send connection "Invalid response" close connection runQuery :: String -> Database -> IO String runQuery path (Database mvar) = do db <- takeMVar mvar putMVar mvar db case lookup path db of Just value -> return $ "Retrieved Value: " ++ value Nothing -> return $ "No Value stored at: " ++ path storeParams ::Database -> [(String, String)] -> IO () storeParams (Database mvar) params = do db <- takeMVar mvar let newDB = foldr (\(key, val) storage -> insert key val storage) db params putMVar mvar newDB
jvans1/haskell_servers
src/ThreadPool.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,758
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | -- Module : Data.SBV.Provers.SExpr -- Copyright : (c) Levent Erkok -- License : BSD3 -- Maintainer : erkokl@gmail.com -- Stability : experimental -- -- Parsing of S-expressions (mainly used for parsing SMT-Lib get-value output) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- module Data.SBV.Provers.SExpr where import Data.Char (isDigit, ord) import Data.List (isPrefixOf) import Numeric (readInt, readDec, readHex, fromRat) import Data.SBV.BitVectors.AlgReals import Data.SBV.BitVectors.Data (nan, infinity) -- | ADT S-Expression format, suitable for representing get-model output of SMT-Lib data SExpr = ECon String | ENum Integer | EReal AlgReal | EFloat Float | EDouble Double | EApp [SExpr] deriving Show -- | Parse a string into an SExpr, potentially failing with an error message parseSExpr :: String -> Either String SExpr parseSExpr inp = do (sexp, extras) <- parse inpToks if null extras then return sexp else die "Extra tokens after valid input" where inpToks = let cln "" sofar = sofar cln ('(':r) sofar = cln r (" ( " ++ sofar) cln (')':r) sofar = cln r (" ) " ++ sofar) cln (':':':':r) sofar = cln r (" :: " ++ sofar) cln (c:r) sofar = cln r (c:sofar) in reverse (map reverse (words (cln inp ""))) die w = fail $ "SBV.Provers.SExpr: Failed to parse S-Expr: " ++ w ++ "\n*** Input : <" ++ inp ++ ">" parse [] = die "ran out of tokens" parse ("(":toks) = do (f, r) <- parseApp toks [] f' <- cvt (EApp f) return (f', r) parse (")":_) = die "extra tokens after close paren" parse [tok] = do t <- pTok tok return (t, []) parse _ = die "ill-formed s-expr" parseApp [] _ = die "failed to grab s-expr application" parseApp (")":toks) sofar = return (reverse sofar, toks) parseApp ("(":toks) sofar = do (f, r) <- parse ("(":toks) parseApp r (f : sofar) parseApp (tok:toks) sofar = do t <- pTok tok parseApp toks (t : sofar) pTok "false" = return $ ENum 0 pTok "true" = return $ ENum 1 pTok ('0':'b':r) = mkNum $ readInt 2 (`elem` "01") (\c -> ord c - ord '0') r pTok ('b':'v':r) = mkNum $ readDec (takeWhile (/= '[') r) pTok ('#':'b':r) = mkNum $ readInt 2 (`elem` "01") (\c -> ord c - ord '0') r pTok ('#':'x':r) = mkNum $ readHex r pTok n | not (null n) && isDigit (head n) = if '.' `elem` n then getReal n else mkNum $ readDec n pTok n = return $ ECon n mkNum [(n, "")] = return $ ENum n mkNum _ = die "cannot read number" getReal n = return $ EReal $ mkPolyReal (Left (exact, n')) where exact = not ("?" `isPrefixOf` reverse n) n' | exact = n | True = init n -- simplify numbers and root-obj values cvt (EApp [ECon "/", EReal a, EReal b]) = return $ EReal (a / b) cvt (EApp [ECon "/", EReal a, ENum b]) = return $ EReal (a / fromInteger b) cvt (EApp [ECon "/", ENum a, EReal b]) = return $ EReal (fromInteger a / b) cvt (EApp [ECon "/", ENum a, ENum b]) = return $ EReal (fromInteger a / fromInteger b) cvt (EApp [ECon "-", EReal a]) = return $ EReal (-a) cvt (EApp [ECon "-", ENum a]) = return $ ENum (-a) -- bit-vector value as CVC4 prints: (_ bv0 16) for instance cvt (EApp [ECon "_", ENum a, ENum _b]) = return $ ENum a cvt (EApp [ECon "root-obj", EApp (ECon "+":trms), ENum k]) = do ts <- mapM getCoeff trms return $ EReal $ mkPolyReal (Right (k, ts)) cvt (EApp [ECon "as", n, EApp [ECon "_", ECon "FP", ENum 11, ENum 53]]) = getDouble n cvt (EApp [ECon "as", n, EApp [ECon "_", ECon "FP", ENum 8, ENum 24]]) = getFloat n cvt x = return x getCoeff (EApp [ECon "*", ENum k, EApp [ECon "^", ECon "x", ENum p]]) = return (k, p) -- kx^p getCoeff (EApp [ECon "*", ENum k, ECon "x" ] ) = return (k, 1) -- kx getCoeff ( EApp [ECon "^", ECon "x", ENum p] ) = return (1, p) -- x^p getCoeff ( ECon "x" ) = return (1, 1) -- x getCoeff ( ENum k ) = return (k, 0) -- k getCoeff x = die $ "Cannot parse a root-obj,\nProcessing term: " ++ show x getDouble (ECon s) = case (s, rdFP (dropWhile (== '+') s)) of ("plusInfinity", _ ) -> return $ EDouble infinity ("minusInfinity", _ ) -> return $ EDouble (-infinity) ("NaN", _ ) -> return $ EDouble nan (_, Just v) -> return $ EDouble v _ -> die $ "Cannot parse a double value from: " ++ s getDouble (EReal r) = return $ EDouble $ fromRat $ toRational r getDouble x = die $ "Cannot parse a double value from: " ++ show x getFloat (ECon s) = case (s, rdFP (dropWhile (== '+') s)) of ("plusInfinity", _ ) -> return $ EFloat infinity ("minusInfinity", _ ) -> return $ EFloat (-infinity) ("NaN", _ ) -> return $ EFloat nan (_, Just v) -> return $ EFloat v _ -> die $ "Cannot parse a float value from: " ++ s getFloat (EReal r) = return $ EFloat $ fromRat $ toRational r getFloat x = die $ "Cannot parse a float value from: " ++ show x -- | Parses the Z3 floating point formatted numbers like so: 1.321p5/1.2123e9 etc. rdFP :: (Read a, RealFloat a) => String -> Maybe a rdFP s = case break (`elem` "pe") s of (m, 'p':e) -> rd m >>= \m' -> rd e >>= \e' -> return $ m' * ( 2 ** e') (m, 'e':e) -> rd m >>= \m' -> rd e >>= \e' -> return $ m' * (10 ** e') (m, "") -> rd m _ -> Nothing where rd v = case reads v of [(n, "")] -> Just n _ -> Nothing
TomMD/cryptol
sbv/Data/SBV/Provers/SExpr.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
7,211
module Arhelk.Russian.Lemma.Adverb( adverb ) where import Arhelk.Core.Rule import Arhelk.Russian.Lemma.Common import Arhelk.Russian.Lemma.Data import Control.Monad import Data.Text as T adverb :: Text -> Rule AdverbProperties adverb w = do when (w `endsWith` ["о"]) $ imply adverbDegree PositiveDegree when (w `endsWith` ["е"]) $ imply adverbDegree ComparitiveDegree
Teaspot-Studio/arhelk-russian
src/Arhelk/Russian/Lemma/Adverb.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
382
{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables, RecursiveDo #-} import Data.Char import System.Environment import Control.Applicative import Text.Earley data Expr = Expr :+: Expr | Expr :*: Expr | Var String | Lit Int deriving (Show) grammar :: forall r. Grammar r String (Prod r String Char Expr) grammar = mdo whitespace <- rule $ many $ satisfy isSpace let token :: Prod r String Char a -> Prod r String Char a token p = whitespace *> p sym x = token $ symbol x <?> [x] ident = token $ (:) <$> satisfy isAlpha <*> many (satisfy isAlphaNum) <?> "identifier" num = token $ some (satisfy isDigit) <?> "number" expr0 <- rule $ (Lit . read) <$> num <|> Var <$> ident <|> sym '(' *> expr2 <* sym ')' expr1 <- rule $ (:*:) <$> expr1 <* sym '*' <*> expr0 <|> expr0 expr2 <- rule $ (:+:) <$> expr2 <* sym '+' <*> expr1 <|> expr1 return $ expr2 <* whitespace main :: IO () main = do x:_ <- getArgs print $ fullParses $ parser grammar x
Axure/Earley
examples/Expr2.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,013
{- SkewHeap.hs by Russell Bentley A Haskell Implementation of a skew heap. -} module SkewHeap (Heap, emptyHeap, merge, insert, delete, minKey, minKeyValue, deleteMin ) where -- | A binary tree data type. data Heap k v = Nil | Node (k, v) (Heap k v) (Heap k v) -- | Blank emptyHeap :: Heap k v emptyHeap = Nil -- | The 'merge' function merges two scew heaps. merge :: Ord k => Heap k v -> Heap k v -> Heap k v merge t1 Nil = t1 merge Nil t2 = t2 merge (Node (k1, v1) lt1 rt1) (Node (k2, v2) lt2 rt2) = case compare k1 k2 of LT -> Node (k1, v1) (merge rt1 (Node (k2, v2) lt2 rt2)) lt1 EQ -> Node (k1, v1) (merge rt1 (Node (k2, v2) lt2 rt2)) lt1 GT -> Node (k2, v2) (merge rt2 (Node (k1, v1) lt1 rt1)) lt2 -- | The insert method is used to put an element in the heap. insert :: Ord k => (k, v) -> Heap k v -> Heap k v insert (k, v) = merge (Node (k, v) Nil Nil) -- | The `delete` method removes an element from a heap. delete :: Ord k => k -> Heap k v -> Heap k v delete _ Nil = Nil delete k1 (Node (k2, v) tl tr) = case compare k1 k2 of LT -> Node (k2, v) (delete k1 tl) (delete k1 tr) GT -> Node (k2, v) tl tr EQ -> tl `merge` tr -- | NOTE! pattern mathing is non-exhaustive minKey :: Heap k v -> k minKey (Node (k, _) _ _) = k -- | NOTE! pattern mathing is non-exhaustive minKeyValue :: Heap k v -> (k, v) minKeyValue (Node (k,v) _ _) = (k, v) -- | Consider adding a deleteMinandInsert deleteMin :: Ord k => Heap k v -> Heap k v deleteMin Nil = Nil deleteMin (Node _ tl tr) = tl `merge` tr
ThermalSpan/haskell-euler
src/SkewHeap.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,914
-- | A module to contain the magnitude of s-expression parsing. module Data.AttoLisp.Easy (fromLispString ,module L) where import qualified Data.AttoLisp as L import qualified Data.Attoparsec as P import qualified Data.ByteString as B -- | Parse a single s-expr followed by optional whitespace and end of -- file. parseLispOnly :: B.ByteString -> Either String L.Lisp parseLispOnly b = case P.parseOnly lisp b of Left err -> Left ("Bad s-expression: " ++ err) Right ok -> Right ok where lisp = L.lisp -- | Parse a single s-expr. fromLispString :: L.FromLisp a => B.ByteString -> Either String a fromLispString str = L.parseEither L.parseLisp =<< parseLispOnly str
kini/ghc-server
src/Data/AttoLisp/Easy.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
725
main = print (foldl lcm 1 [1 .. 20])
foreverbell/project-euler-solutions
src/5.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
36
-- | This module performs the translation of a parsed XML DTD into the -- internal representation of corresponding Haskell data\/newtypes. module Text.XML.HaXml.DtdToHaskell.Convert ( dtd2TypeDef ) where import List (intersperse) import Text.XML.HaXml.Types hiding (Name) import Text.XML.HaXml.DtdToHaskell.TypeDef ---- Internal representation for database of DTD decls ---- data Record = R [AttDef] ContentSpec type Db = [(String,Record)] ---- Build a database of DTD decls then convert them to typedefs ---- ---- (Done in two steps because we need to merge ELEMENT and ATTLIST decls.) ---- Apparently multiple ATTLIST decls for the same element are permitted, ---- although only one ELEMENT decl for it is allowed. dtd2TypeDef :: [MarkupDecl] -> [TypeDef] dtd2TypeDef mds = (concatMap convert . reverse . database []) mds where database db [] = db database db (m:ms) = case m of (Element (ElementDecl n cs)) -> case lookup n db of Nothing -> database ((n, R [] cs):db) ms (Just (R as _)) -> database (replace n (R as cs) db) ms (AttList (AttListDecl n as)) -> case lookup n db of Nothing -> database ((n, R as EMPTY):db) ms (Just (R a cs)) -> database (replace n (R (a++as) cs) db) ms -- (MarkupPE _ m') -> database db (m':ms) _ -> database db ms replace n v [] = error "dtd2TypeDef.replace: no element to replace" replace n v (x@(n0,_):db) | n==n0 = (n,v): db | otherwise = x: replace n v db ---- Convert DTD record to typedef ---- convert :: (String, Record) -> [TypeDef] convert (n, R as cs) = case cs of EMPTY -> modifier None [] ANY -> modifier None [[Any]] --error "NYI: contentspec of ANY" (Mixed PCDATA) -> modifier None [[String]] (Mixed (PCDATAplus ns)) -> modifier Star ([String]: map ((:[]) . Defined . name) ns) (ContentSpec cp) -> case cp of (TagName n' m) -> modifier m [[Defined (name n')]] (Choice cps m) -> modifier m (map ((:[]).inner) cps) (Seq cps m) -> modifier m [map inner cps] ++ concatMap (mkAttrDef n) as where attrs :: AttrFields attrs = map (mkAttrField n) as modifier None sts = mkData sts attrs False (name n) modifier m [[st]] = mkData [[modf m st]] attrs False (name n) modifier m sts = mkData [[modf m (Defined (name_ n))]] attrs False (name n) ++ mkData sts [] True (name_ n) inner :: CP -> StructType inner (TagName n' m) = modf m (Defined (name n')) inner (Choice cps m) = modf m (OneOf (map inner cps)) inner (Seq cps None) = Tuple (map inner cps) inner (Seq cps m) = modf m (Tuple (map inner cps)) modf None x = x modf Query x = Maybe x modf Star x = List x modf Plus x = List1 x mkData :: [[StructType]] -> AttrFields -> Bool -> Name -> [TypeDef] mkData [] fs aux n = [DataDef aux n fs []] mkData [ts] fs aux n = [DataDef aux n fs [(n, ts)]] mkData tss fs aux n = [DataDef aux n fs (map (mkConstr n) tss)] where mkConstr n ts = (mkConsName n ts, ts) mkConsName (Name x n) sts = Name x (n++concat (intersperse "_" (map flatten sts))) flatten (Maybe st) = {-"Maybe_" ++ -} flatten st flatten (List st) = {-"List_" ++ -} flatten st flatten (List1 st) = {-"List1_" ++ -} flatten st flatten (Tuple sts) = {-"Tuple" ++ show (length sts) ++ "_" ++ -} concat (intersperse "_" (map flatten sts)) flatten String = "Str" flatten (OneOf sts) = {-"OneOf" ++ show (length sts) ++ "_" ++ -} concat (intersperse "_" (map flatten sts)) flatten Any = "Any" flatten (Defined (Name _ n)) = n mkAttrDef e (AttDef n StringType def) = [] mkAttrDef e (AttDef n (TokenizedType t) def) = [] -- mkData [[String]] [] False (name n) mkAttrDef e (AttDef n (EnumeratedType (NotationType nt)) def) = [EnumDef (name_a e n) (map (name_ac e n) nt)] mkAttrDef e (AttDef n (EnumeratedType (Enumeration es)) def) = [EnumDef (name_a e n) (map (name_ac e n) es)] -- Default attribute values not handled here mkAttrField :: String -> AttDef -> (Name,StructType) mkAttrField e (AttDef n typ req) = (name_f e n, mkType typ req) where mkType StringType REQUIRED = String mkType StringType IMPLIED = Maybe String mkType StringType (DefaultTo (AttValue [Left s]) f) = Defaultable String s mkType (TokenizedType _) REQUIRED = String mkType (TokenizedType _) IMPLIED = Maybe String mkType (TokenizedType _) (DefaultTo (AttValue [Left s]) f) = Defaultable String s mkType (EnumeratedType _) REQUIRED = Defined (name_a e n) mkType (EnumeratedType _) IMPLIED = Maybe (Defined (name_a e n)) mkType (EnumeratedType _) (DefaultTo (AttValue [Left s]) f) = Defaultable (Defined (name_a e n)) (hName (name_ac e n s))
FranklinChen/hugs98-plus-Sep2006
packages/HaXml/src/Text/XML/HaXml/DtdToHaskell/Convert.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
5,118
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} module Templates.Home where import Core import Templates import Templates.CoreForm import Data.Int import Text.Blaze ((!)) import qualified Text.Blaze.Html4.Strict as H import qualified Text.Blaze.Html4.Strict.Attributes as A homeHtml :: CoreId -> H.Html homeHtml nbCores = template "core-online: easily generate and share GHC Core for your haskell codeo" [] ((H.h1 ! A.class_ "header" $ "core-online - get the GHC Core for your haskell code and share it") >> (H.p $ coreForm) >> (H.p ! A.class_ "footer" $ do "The database currently contains " >> (H.b . H.toHtml $ show nbCores) >> " cores.") )
alpmestan/core-online
src/Templates/Home.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
941
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-} {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-} {- | The replay monad, for computations that can be replayed using traces Example usage: > running :: Replay Question Answer a -> IO a > running prog = play emptyTrace > where > play t = do > (eqa,t') <- run prog t this is the same prog every time! > case eqa of > Left q -> do > putStr ("Question: " ++ q ++ " ") > r <- getLine > play (addAnswer t' r) > Right x -> return x > > askAge :: Replay String String Int > askAge = cut $ do > birth <- ask "What is your birth year?" > now <- ask "What is the current year?" > return (read now - read birth) > > getTime :: IO Integer > getTime = do > TOD secs _ <- getClockTime > return secs > > example1 :: Replay Question Answer Int > example1 = do > t0 <- lift getTime > lift (putStrLn "Hello!") > age <- ask "What is your age?" > lift (putStrLn ("You are " ++ age)) > name <- ask "What is your name?" > lift (putStrLn (name ++ " is " ++ age ++ " years old")) > t1 <- lift getTime > lift (putStrLn ("Total time: " ++ show (t1 - t0) ++ " seconds")) > return (read age) > > example2 :: Replay Question Answer Int > example2 = do > t0 <- lift getTime > age <- askAge > lift (putStrLn ("You are " ++ (show age))) > name <- ask "What is your name?" > lift (putStrLn (name ++ " is " ++ (show age) ++ " years old")) > t1 <- lift getTime > lift (putStrLn ("Total time: " ++ show (t1 - t0) ++ " seconds")) > return age > -} module Control.Monad.Replay ( Replay, lift, ask, run, cut , emptyTrace, addAnswer , Trace, Question, Answer, Item(..)) where import Control.Monad import Control.Monad.Error (ErrorT) import qualified Control.Monad.Error as CME import Control.Monad.IO.Class import Control.Monad.Supply import Control.Monad.Writer (WriterT) import qualified Control.Monad.Writer as CMW import Data.List {- | The `Replay` monad is parametrized over two types: * q - The type of questions (usually `String`) * r - The type of answers (usually `String`) -} newtype Replay q r a = R { replay :: ErrorT q (WriterT (Trace r) (SupplyT (Item r) IO)) a } deriving (Monad, MonadSupply (Item r), MonadIO , CME.MonadError q, CMW.MonadWriter (Trace r)) type Trace r = [Item r] type Question = String type Answer = String data Item r = Answer r | Result String | Cut Bool String deriving (Show,Read) supplyM :: MonadSupply s m => m (Maybe s) supplyM = do x <- exhausted if x then return Nothing else liftM Just supply lift :: (CME.Error q, Show a, Read a) => IO a -> Replay q r a lift a = do x <- supplyM case x of Nothing -> do res <- liftIO a CMW.tell [Result (show res)] return res Just (Result r) -> return (read r) Just _ -> error "Expecting result" ask :: (CME.Error q) => q -> Replay q r r ask q = do x <- supplyM case x of Nothing -> CME.throwError q Just (Answer a) -> return a Just _ -> error "Expecting answer" cut :: (Read a, Show a, CME.Error q) => Replay q r a -> Replay q r a cut m = do x <- supplyM case x of Just (Cut True r) -> return (read r) Just (Cut False _) -> do res <- CMW.censor (const []) m CMW.tell [Cut True (show res)] return res _ -> do CMW.tell [Cut False ""] res <- CMW.censor (const []) m CMW.tell [Cut True (show res)] return res emptyTrace :: Trace r emptyTrace = [] addAnswer :: Trace r -> r -> Trace r addAnswer tr t = tr ++ [Answer t] run :: Replay q r a -> Trace r -> IO (Either q a, Trace r) run r tr = do (res, tr') <- evalSupplyT (CMW.runWriterT (CME.runErrorT $ replay r)) tr return (res, filterCuts (tr ++ tr')) isFinal :: Item r -> Bool isFinal (Cut x _) = x isFinal _ = False filterCuts :: Trace r -> Trace r filterCuts xs = case findIndex isFinal xs of Nothing -> xs Just i -> filterCuts' xs i filterCuts' :: Trace r -> Int -> Trace r filterCuts' [] _ = [] filterCuts' ((Cut False _):xs) i = filterCuts (drop (i-1) xs) filterCuts' (x:xs) i = x:filterCuts' xs (i-1)
co-dan/warm_fuzzy_things
src/Control/Monad/Replay.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
4,350
{- OnYourOwn1.hs (adapted from OpenGLApplication which is (c) 2004 Astle/Hawkins) Copyright (c) Sven Panne 2004-2005 <sven.panne@aedion.de> This file is part of HOpenGL and distributed under a BSD-style license See the file libraries/GLUT/LICENSE -} import Control.Monad ( when, unless ) import Data.IORef ( IORef, newIORef ) import Data.Maybe ( isJust ) import Graphics.UI.GLUT hiding ( initialize ) import System.Console.GetOpt import System.Environment ( getProgName ) import System.Exit ( exitWith, ExitCode(..) ) import System.IO ( hPutStr, stderr ) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Setup GLUT and OpenGL, drop into the event loop. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- main :: IO () main = do -- Setup the basic GLUT stuff (_, args) <- getArgsAndInitialize opts <- parseOptions args initialDisplayMode $= [ DoubleBuffered, RGBMode, WithDepthBuffer ] (if useFullscreen opts then fullscreenMode else windowedMode) opts state <- initialize -- Register the event callback functions displayCallback $= do render state; swapBuffers reshapeCallback $= Just setupProjection keyboardMouseCallback $= Just keyboardMouseHandler idleCallback $= Just (do prepare state; postRedisplay Nothing) -- At this point, control is relinquished to the GLUT event handler. -- Control is returned as events occur, via the callback functions. mainLoop fullscreenMode :: Options -> IO () fullscreenMode opts = do let addCapability c = maybe id (\x -> (Where' c IsEqualTo x :)) gameModeCapabilities $= (addCapability GameModeWidth (Just (windowWidth opts)) . addCapability GameModeHeight (Just (windowHeight opts)) . addCapability GameModeBitsPerPlane (bpp opts) . addCapability GameModeRefreshRate (refreshRate opts)) [] enterGameMode maybeWin <- get currentWindow if isJust maybeWin then cursor $= None else do hPutStr stderr "Could not enter fullscreen mode, using windowed mode\n" windowedMode (opts { useFullscreen = False } ) windowedMode :: Options -> IO () windowedMode opts = do initialWindowSize $= Size (fromIntegral (windowWidth opts)) (fromIntegral (windowHeight opts)) createWindow "BOGLGP - Chapter 2 - On Your Own 1" return () -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Option handling -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- data Options = Options { useFullscreen :: Bool, windowWidth :: Int, windowHeight :: Int, bpp :: Maybe Int, refreshRate :: Maybe Int } startOpt :: Options startOpt = Options { useFullscreen = False, windowWidth = 800, windowHeight = 600, bpp = Nothing, refreshRate = Nothing } options :: [OptDescr (Options -> IO Options)] options = [ Option ['f'] ["fullscreen"] (NoArg (\opt -> return opt { useFullscreen = True })) "use fullscreen mode if possible", Option ['w'] ["width"] (ReqArg (\arg opt -> do w <- readInt "WIDTH" arg return opt { windowWidth = w }) "WIDTH") "use window width WIDTH", Option ['h'] ["height"] (ReqArg (\arg opt -> do h <- readInt "HEIGHT" arg return opt { windowHeight = h }) "HEIGHT") "use window height HEIGHT", Option ['b'] ["bpp"] (ReqArg (\arg opt -> do b <- readInt "BPP" arg return opt { bpp = Just b }) "BPP") "use BPP bits per plane (ignored in windowed mode)", Option ['r'] ["refresh-rate"] (ReqArg (\arg opt -> do r <- readInt "HZ" arg return opt { refreshRate = Just r }) "HZ") "use refresh rate HZ (ignored in windowed mode)", Option ['?'] ["help"] (NoArg (\_ -> do usage >>= putStr safeExitWith ExitSuccess)) "show help" ] readInt :: String -> String -> IO Int readInt name arg = case reads arg of ((x,[]) : _) -> return x _ -> dieWith ["Can't parse " ++ name ++ " argument '" ++ arg ++ "'\n"] usage :: IO String usage = do progName <- getProgName return $ usageInfo ("Usage: " ++ progName ++ " [OPTION...]") options parseOptions :: [String] -> IO Options parseOptions args = do let (optsActions, nonOptions, errs) = getOpt Permute options args unless (null nonOptions && null errs) (dieWith errs) foldl (>>=) (return startOpt) optsActions dieWith :: [String] -> IO a dieWith errs = do u <- usage mapM_ (hPutStr stderr) (errs ++ [u]) safeExitWith (ExitFailure 1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Handle mouse and keyboard events. For this simple demo, just exit when -- ESCAPE is pressed. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- keyboardMouseHandler :: KeyboardMouseCallback keyboardMouseHandler (Char '\27') Down _ _ = safeExitWith ExitSuccess keyboardMouseHandler _ _ _ _ = return () safeExitWith :: ExitCode -> IO a safeExitWith code = do gma <- get gameModeActive when gma leaveGameMode exitWith code -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- The globale state, which is only the current angle in this simple demo. -- We don't need the window dimensions here, they are not used and would -- be easily available via GLUT anyway. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- data State = State { angle :: IORef GLfloat } makeState :: IO State makeState = do a <- newIORef 0 return $ State { angle = a } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Do one time setup, i.e. set the clear color and create the global state. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- initialize :: IO State initialize = do -- clear to white background clearColor $= Color4 1 1 1 0 makeState -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Reset the viewport for window changes. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- setupProjection :: ReshapeCallback setupProjection (Size width height) = do -- don't want a divide by zero let h = max 1 height -- reset the viewport to new dimensions viewport $= (Position 0 0, Size width h) -- set projection matrix as the current matrix matrixMode $= Projection -- reset projection matrix loadIdentity -- calculate aspect ratio of window perspective 52 (fromIntegral width / fromIntegral h) 1 1000 -- set modelview matrix matrixMode $= Modelview 0 -- reset modelview matrix loadIdentity -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Perform any data-specific updates for a frame. Here we only increment the -- angle for the rotation of the triangle. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prepare :: State -> IdleCallback prepare state = do angle state $~ (+ 0.1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Clear and redraw the scene. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- render :: State -> DisplayCallback render state = do -- clear screen and depth buffer clear [ ColorBuffer, DepthBuffer ] loadIdentity -- resolve overloading, not needed in "real" programs let translate3f = translate :: Vector3 GLfloat -> IO () color3f = color :: Color3 GLfloat -> IO () vertex3f = vertex :: Vertex3 GLfloat -> IO () -- move back 5 units and rotate about all 3 axes translate3f (Vector3 0 0 (-5)) a <- get (angle state) rotate a (Vector3 1 0 0) rotate a (Vector3 0 1 0) rotate a (Vector3 0 0 1) -- red color color3f (Color3 1 0 0) -- draw the triangle such that the rotation point is in the center renderPrimitive Triangles $ do vertex3f (Vertex3 1 (-1) 0) vertex3f (Vertex3 (-1) (-1) 0) vertex3f (Vertex3 0 1 0)
FranklinChen/hugs98-plus-Sep2006
packages/GLUT/examples/BOGLGP/Chapter02/OnYourOwn1.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
8,277
{- (c) The University of Glasgow 2006 (c) The GRASP/AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1992-1998 -} module ETA.Iface.BuildTyCl ( buildSynonymTyCon, buildFamilyTyCon, buildAlgTyCon, buildDataCon, buildPatSyn, TcMethInfo, buildClass, distinctAbstractTyConRhs, totallyAbstractTyConRhs, mkNewTyConRhs, mkDataTyConRhs, newImplicitBinder ) where import ETA.Iface.IfaceEnv import ETA.Types.FamInstEnv( FamInstEnvs ) import ETA.BasicTypes.DataCon import ETA.BasicTypes.PatSyn import ETA.BasicTypes.Var import ETA.BasicTypes.VarSet import ETA.BasicTypes.BasicTypes import ETA.BasicTypes.Name import ETA.BasicTypes.MkId import ETA.Types.Class import ETA.Types.TyCon import ETA.Types.Type import ETA.BasicTypes.Id import ETA.Types.Coercion import ETA.TypeCheck.TcType import ETA.Main.DynFlags import ETA.TypeCheck.TcRnMonad import ETA.BasicTypes.UniqSupply import ETA.Utils.Util import ETA.Utils.Outputable ------------------------------------------------------ buildSynonymTyCon :: Name -> [TyVar] -> [Role] -> Type -> Kind -- ^ Kind of the RHS -> TcRnIf m n TyCon buildSynonymTyCon tc_name tvs roles rhs rhs_kind = return (mkSynonymTyCon tc_name kind tvs roles rhs) where kind = mkPiKinds tvs rhs_kind buildFamilyTyCon :: Name -> [TyVar] -> FamTyConFlav -> Kind -- ^ Kind of the RHS -> TyConParent -> TcRnIf m n TyCon buildFamilyTyCon tc_name tvs rhs rhs_kind parent = return (mkFamilyTyCon tc_name kind tvs rhs parent) where kind = mkPiKinds tvs rhs_kind ------------------------------------------------------ distinctAbstractTyConRhs, totallyAbstractTyConRhs :: AlgTyConRhs distinctAbstractTyConRhs = AbstractTyCon True totallyAbstractTyConRhs = AbstractTyCon False mkDataTyConRhs :: [DataCon] -> AlgTyConRhs mkDataTyConRhs cons = DataTyCon { data_cons = cons, is_enum = not (null cons) && all is_enum_con cons -- See Note [Enumeration types] in TyCon } where is_enum_con con | (_tvs, theta, arg_tys, _res) <- dataConSig con = null theta && null arg_tys mkNewTyConRhs :: Name -> TyCon -> DataCon -> TcRnIf m n AlgTyConRhs -- ^ Monadic because it makes a Name for the coercion TyCon -- We pass the Name of the parent TyCon, as well as the TyCon itself, -- because the latter is part of a knot, whereas the former is not. mkNewTyConRhs tycon_name tycon con = do { co_tycon_name <- newImplicitBinder tycon_name mkNewTyCoOcc ; let co_tycon = mkNewTypeCo co_tycon_name tycon etad_tvs etad_roles etad_rhs ; traceIf (text "mkNewTyConRhs" <+> ppr co_tycon) ; return (NewTyCon { data_con = con, nt_rhs = rhs_ty, nt_etad_rhs = (etad_tvs, etad_rhs), nt_co = co_tycon } ) } -- Coreview looks through newtypes with a Nothing -- for nt_co, or uses explicit coercions otherwise where tvs = tyConTyVars tycon roles = tyConRoles tycon inst_con_ty = applyTys (dataConUserType con) (mkTyVarTys tvs) rhs_ty = {-ASSERT( isFunTy inst_con_ty )-} funArgTy inst_con_ty -- Instantiate the data con with the -- type variables from the tycon -- NB: a newtype DataCon has a type that must look like -- forall tvs. <arg-ty> -> T tvs -- Note that we *can't* use dataConInstOrigArgTys here because -- the newtype arising from class Foo a => Bar a where {} -- has a single argument (Foo a) that is a *type class*, so -- dataConInstOrigArgTys returns []. etad_tvs :: [TyVar] -- Matched lazily, so that mkNewTypeCo can etad_roles :: [Role] -- return a TyCon without pulling on rhs_ty etad_rhs :: Type -- See Note [Tricky iface loop] in LoadIface (etad_tvs, etad_roles, etad_rhs) = eta_reduce (reverse tvs) (reverse roles) rhs_ty eta_reduce :: [TyVar] -- Reversed -> [Role] -- also reversed -> Type -- Rhs type -> ([TyVar], [Role], Type) -- Eta-reduced version -- (tyvars in normal order) eta_reduce (a:as) (_:rs) ty | Just (fun, arg) <- splitAppTy_maybe ty, Just tv <- getTyVar_maybe arg, tv == a, not (a `elemVarSet` tyVarsOfType fun) = eta_reduce as rs fun eta_reduce tvs rs ty = (reverse tvs, reverse rs, ty) ------------------------------------------------------ buildDataCon :: FamInstEnvs -> Name -> Bool -> [HsBang] -> [Name] -- Field labels -> [TyVar] -> [TyVar] -- Univ and ext -> [(TyVar,Type)] -- Equality spec -> ThetaType -- Does not include the "stupid theta" -- or the GADT equalities -> [Type] -> Type -- Argument and result types -> TyCon -- Rep tycon -> TcRnIf m n DataCon -- A wrapper for DataCon.mkDataCon that -- a) makes the worker Id -- b) makes the wrapper Id if necessary, including -- allocating its unique (hence monadic) buildDataCon fam_envs src_name declared_infix arg_stricts field_lbls univ_tvs ex_tvs eq_spec ctxt arg_tys res_ty rep_tycon = do { wrap_name <- newImplicitBinder src_name mkDataConWrapperOcc ; work_name <- newImplicitBinder src_name mkDataConWorkerOcc -- This last one takes the name of the data constructor in the source -- code, which (for Haskell source anyway) will be in the DataName name -- space, and puts it into the VarName name space ; us <- newUniqueSupply ; dflags <- getDynFlags ; let stupid_ctxt = mkDataConStupidTheta rep_tycon arg_tys univ_tvs data_con = mkDataCon src_name declared_infix arg_stricts field_lbls univ_tvs ex_tvs eq_spec ctxt arg_tys res_ty rep_tycon stupid_ctxt dc_wrk dc_rep dc_wrk = mkDataConWorkId work_name data_con dc_rep = initUs_ us (mkDataConRep dflags fam_envs wrap_name data_con) ; return data_con } -- The stupid context for a data constructor should be limited to -- the type variables mentioned in the arg_tys -- ToDo: Or functionally dependent on? -- This whole stupid theta thing is, well, stupid. mkDataConStupidTheta :: TyCon -> [Type] -> [TyVar] -> [PredType] mkDataConStupidTheta tycon arg_tys univ_tvs | null stupid_theta = [] -- The common case | otherwise = filter in_arg_tys stupid_theta where tc_subst = zipTopTvSubst (tyConTyVars tycon) (mkTyVarTys univ_tvs) stupid_theta = substTheta tc_subst (tyConStupidTheta tycon) -- Start by instantiating the master copy of the -- stupid theta, taken from the TyCon arg_tyvars = tyVarsOfTypes arg_tys in_arg_tys pred = not $ isEmptyVarSet $ tyVarsOfType pred `intersectVarSet` arg_tyvars ------------------------------------------------------ buildPatSyn :: Name -> Bool -> (Id,Bool) -> Maybe (Id, Bool) -> ([TyVar], ThetaType) -- ^ Univ and req -> ([TyVar], ThetaType) -- ^ Ex and prov -> [Type] -- ^ Argument types -> Type -- ^ Result type -> PatSyn buildPatSyn src_name declared_infix matcher@(matcher_id,_) builder (univ_tvs, req_theta) (ex_tvs, prov_theta) arg_tys pat_ty = -- ASSERT((and [ univ_tvs == univ_tvs' -- , ex_tvs == ex_tvs' -- , pat_ty `eqType` pat_ty' -- , prov_theta `eqTypes` prov_theta' -- , req_theta `eqTypes` req_theta' -- , arg_tys `eqTypes` arg_tys' -- ])) mkPatSyn src_name declared_infix (univ_tvs, req_theta) (ex_tvs, prov_theta) arg_tys pat_ty matcher builder where ((_:univ_tvs'), req_theta', tau) = tcSplitSigmaTy $ idType matcher_id ([pat_ty', cont_sigma, _], _) = tcSplitFunTys tau (ex_tvs', prov_theta', cont_tau) = tcSplitSigmaTy cont_sigma (arg_tys', _) = tcSplitFunTys cont_tau -- ------------------------------------------------------ type TcMethInfo = (Name, DefMethSpec, Type) -- A temporary intermediate, to communicate between -- tcClassSigs and buildClass. buildClass :: Name -> [TyVar] -> [Role] -> ThetaType -> [FunDep TyVar] -- Functional dependencies -> [ClassATItem] -- Associated types -> [TcMethInfo] -- Method info -> ClassMinimalDef -- Minimal complete definition -> RecFlag -- Info for type constructor -> TcRnIf m n Class buildClass tycon_name tvs roles sc_theta fds at_items sig_stuff mindef tc_isrec = fixM $ \ rec_clas -> -- Only name generation inside loop do { traceIf (text "buildClass") ; datacon_name <- newImplicitBinder tycon_name mkClassDataConOcc -- The class name is the 'parent' for this datacon, not its tycon, -- because one should import the class to get the binding for -- the datacon ; op_items <- mapM (mk_op_item rec_clas) sig_stuff -- Build the selector id and default method id -- Make selectors for the superclasses ; sc_sel_names <- mapM (newImplicitBinder tycon_name . mkSuperDictSelOcc) [1..length sc_theta] ; let sc_sel_ids = [ mkDictSelId sc_name rec_clas | sc_name <- sc_sel_names] -- We number off the Dict superclass selectors, 1, 2, 3 etc so that we -- can construct names for the selectors. Thus -- class (C a, C b) => D a b where ... -- gives superclass selectors -- D_sc1, D_sc2 -- (We used to call them D_C, but now we can have two different -- superclasses both called C!) ; let use_newtype = isSingleton arg_tys -- Use a newtype if the data constructor -- (a) has exactly one value field -- i.e. exactly one operation or superclass taken together -- (b) that value is of lifted type (which they always are, because -- we box equality superclasses) -- See note [Class newtypes and equality predicates] -- We treat the dictionary superclasses as ordinary arguments. -- That means that in the case of -- class C a => D a -- we don't get a newtype with no arguments! args = sc_sel_names ++ op_names op_tys = [ty | (_,_,ty) <- sig_stuff] op_names = [op | (op,_,_) <- sig_stuff] arg_tys = sc_theta ++ op_tys rec_tycon = classTyCon rec_clas ; dict_con <- buildDataCon (panic "buildClass: FamInstEnvs") datacon_name False -- Not declared infix (map (const HsNoBang) args) [{- No fields -}] tvs [{- no existentials -}] [{- No GADT equalities -}] [{- No theta -}] arg_tys (mkTyConApp rec_tycon (mkTyVarTys tvs)) rec_tycon ; rhs <- if use_newtype then mkNewTyConRhs tycon_name rec_tycon dict_con else return (mkDataTyConRhs [dict_con]) ; let { clas_kind = mkPiKinds tvs constraintKind ; tycon = mkClassTyCon tycon_name clas_kind tvs roles rhs rec_clas tc_isrec -- A class can be recursive, and in the case of newtypes -- this matters. For example -- class C a where { op :: C b => a -> b -> Int } -- Because C has only one operation, it is represented by -- a newtype, and it should be a *recursive* newtype. -- [If we don't make it a recursive newtype, we'll expand the -- newtype like a synonym, but that will lead to an infinite -- type] ; result = mkClass tvs fds sc_theta sc_sel_ids at_items op_items mindef tycon } ; traceIf (text "buildClass" <+> ppr tycon) ; return result } where mk_op_item :: Class -> TcMethInfo -> TcRnIf n m ClassOpItem mk_op_item rec_clas (op_name, dm_spec, _) = do { dm_info <- case dm_spec of NoDM -> return NoDefMeth GenericDM -> do { dm_name <- newImplicitBinder op_name mkGenDefMethodOcc ; return (GenDefMeth dm_name) } VanillaDM -> do { dm_name <- newImplicitBinder op_name mkDefaultMethodOcc ; return (DefMeth dm_name) } ; return (mkDictSelId op_name rec_clas, dm_info) } {- Note [Class newtypes and equality predicates] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Consider class (a ~ F b) => C a b where op :: a -> b We cannot represent this by a newtype, even though it's not existential, because there are two value fields (the equality predicate and op. See Trac #2238 Moreover, class (a ~ F b) => C a b where {} Here we can't use a newtype either, even though there is only one field, because equality predicates are unboxed, and classes are boxed. -}
alexander-at-github/eta
compiler/ETA/Iface/BuildTyCl.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
14,445
{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-} {-# LANGUAGE EmptyDataDecls #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE KindSignatures #-} {-# LANGUAGE MagicHash #-} {-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-} {-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-} {-# LANGUAGE TypeSynonymInstances #-} {-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-} #ifdef DataPolyKinds {-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-} {-# LANGUAGE PolyKinds #-} #endif #if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 706 {-# LANGUAGE ExplicitNamespaces #-} #endif module GHC.Generics.Compat ( V1 , U1 (U1) , Par1 (Par1, unPar1) , Rec1 (Rec1, unRec1) , K1 (K1, unK1) , M1 (M1, unM1) , (:+:) (L1, R1) , (:*:) ((:*:)) , (:.:) (Comp1, unComp1) #if MIN_VERSION_base(4, 9, 0) , URec ( UAddr , UChar , UDouble , UFloat , UInt , UWord , uAddr# , uChar# , uDouble# , uFloat# , uInt# , uWord# ) , UAddr , UChar , UDouble , UFloat , UInt , UWord #endif , Rec0 , R , D1 , C1 , S1 , D , C , S , Datatype (..) , Constructor (..) , Selector (..) , Fixity (Prefix, Infix) , FixityI (PrefixI, InfixI) , PrefixI , InfixI , Associativity (LeftAssociative, RightAssociative, NotAssociative) , LeftAssociative , RightAssociative , NotAssociative , prec , Meta (MetaData, MetaCons, MetaSel) , MetaData , MetaCons , MetaSel , DecidedStrictness (DecidedLazy, DecidedStrict, DecidedUnpack) , DecidedLazy , DecidedStrict , DecidedUnpack , SourceStrictness (NoSourceStrictness, SourceLazy, SourceStrict) , NoSourceStrictness , SourceLazy , SourceStrict , SourceUnpackedness (NoSourceUnpackedness, SourceNoUnpack, SourceUnpack) , NoSourceUnpackedness , SourceNoUnpack , SourceUnpack , Generic (type Rep, from, to) , Generic1 (type Rep1, from1, to1) ) where -- base ---------------------------------------------------------------------- #if !MIN_VERSION_base(4, 9, 0) import Data.Ix (Ix) #endif import GHC.Generics #if MIN_VERSION_base(4, 8, 0) import Numeric.Natural (Natural) #endif -- types --------------------------------------------------------------------- #if defined(DataPolyKinds) && !MIN_VERSION_base(4, 9, 0) import GHC.TypeLits.Compat (Nat, Symbol) #endif #if !MIN_VERSION_base(4, 9, 0) import Type.Maybe (Just, Nothing) #endif import Type.Meta (Known, Val, val) import Type.Meta.Proxy (Proxy (Proxy)) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #if MIN_VERSION_base(4, 8, 0) type NatVal = Natural #else type NatVal = Integer #endif #ifndef DataPolyKinds ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ type Nat = NatVal type Symbol = String #endif #if !MIN_VERSION_base(4, 9, 0) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ data FixityI = PrefixI | InfixI Associativity Nat ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ data Meta = MetaData Symbol Symbol Symbol Bool | MetaCons Symbol FixityI Bool | MetaSel (Maybe Symbol) SourceUnpackedness SourceStrictness DecidedStrictness ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ data DecidedStrictness = DecidedLazy | DecidedStrict | DecidedUnpack deriving (Eq, Ord, Read, Show, Enum, Bounded, Ix, Generic) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ data SourceStrictness = NoSourceStrictness | SourceStrict | SourceLazy deriving (Eq, Ord, Read, Show, Enum, Bounded, Ix, Generic) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ data SourceUnpackedness = NoSourceUnpackedness | SourceNoUnpack | SourceUnpack deriving (Eq, Ord, Read, Show, Enum, Bounded, Ix, Generic) #endif ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #ifdef DataPolyKinds type PrefixI = 'PrefixI type InfixI = 'InfixI type LeftAssociative = 'LeftAssociative type RightAssociative = 'RightAssociative type NotAssociative = 'NotAssociative #if MIN_VERSION_base(4, 9, 0) type MetaData = 'MetaData type MetaCons = 'MetaCons type MetaSel = 'MetaSel #else -- D1 etc will want a *-kinded type argument on GHC < 8; use Proxy to get this type MetaData n m p nt = Proxy ('MetaData n m p nt) type MetaCons n f s = Proxy ('MetaCons n f s) type MetaSel mn su ss ds = Proxy ('MetaSel mn su ss ds) #endif type DecidedLazy = 'DecidedLazy type DecidedStrict = 'DecidedStrict type DecidedUnpack = 'DecidedUnpack type NoSourceStrictness = 'NoSourceStrictness type SourceLazy = 'SourceLazy type SourceStrict = 'SourceStrict type NoSourceUnpackedness = 'NoSourceUnpackedness type SourceNoUnpack = 'SourceNoUnpack type SourceUnpack = 'SourceUnpack #else data PrefixI data InfixI a n data LeftAssociative data RightAssociative data NotAssociative data MetaData n m p nt data MetaCons n f s data MetaSel mn su ss ds data DecidedLazy data DecidedStrict data DecidedUnpack data NoSourceStrictness data SourceLazy data SourceStrict data NoSourceUnpackedness data SourceNoUnpack data SourceUnpack #endif ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ instance (Known PrefixI) where type Val PrefixI = Fixity val _ = Prefix instance (Known a, Val a ~ Associativity, Known n, Val n ~ NatVal) => Known (InfixI a n) where type Val (InfixI a n) = Fixity val _ = Infix (val (Proxy :: Proxy a)) (fromIntegral (val (Proxy :: Proxy n))) instance Known LeftAssociative where type Val LeftAssociative = Associativity val _ = LeftAssociative instance Known RightAssociative where type Val RightAssociative = Associativity val _ = RightAssociative instance Known NotAssociative where type Val NotAssociative = Associativity val _ = NotAssociative instance Known DecidedLazy where type Val DecidedLazy = DecidedStrictness val _ = DecidedLazy instance Known DecidedStrict where type Val DecidedStrict = DecidedStrictness val _ = DecidedStrict instance Known DecidedUnpack where type Val DecidedUnpack = DecidedStrictness val _ = DecidedUnpack instance Known NoSourceStrictness where type Val NoSourceStrictness = SourceStrictness val _ = NoSourceStrictness instance Known SourceLazy where type Val SourceLazy = SourceStrictness val _ = SourceLazy instance Known SourceStrict where type Val SourceStrict = SourceStrictness val _ = SourceStrict instance Known NoSourceUnpackedness where type Val NoSourceUnpackedness = SourceUnpackedness val _ = NoSourceUnpackedness instance Known SourceNoUnpack where type Val SourceNoUnpack = SourceUnpackedness val _ = SourceNoUnpack instance Known SourceUnpack where type Val SourceUnpack = SourceUnpackedness val _ = SourceUnpack #if !MIN_VERSION_base(4, 9, 0) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ instance ( Known n, Val n ~ String, Known m, Val m ~ String, Known nt , Val nt ~ Bool ) => Datatype (MetaData n m p nt) where datatypeName _ = val (Proxy :: Proxy n) moduleName _ = val (Proxy :: Proxy m) #if MIN_VERSION_base(4, 7, 0) isNewtype _ = val (Proxy :: Proxy nt) #endif ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ instance (Known n, Val n ~ String, Known f, Val f ~ Fixity, Known r, Val r ~ Bool) => Constructor (MetaCons n f r) where conName _ = val (Proxy :: Proxy n) conFixity _ = val (Proxy :: Proxy f) conIsRecord _ = val (Proxy :: Proxy r) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ instance (Known s, Val s ~ String) => Selector (MetaSel (Just s) su ss ds) where selName _ = val (Proxy :: Proxy s) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ instance Selector (MetaSel Nothing su ss ds) where selName _ = "" #endif
duairc/symbols
types/src/GHC/Generics/Compat.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
8,221
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveTraversable #-} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveFoldable #-} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveFunctor #-} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-} {-# LANGUAGE UndecidableInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE GADTs #-} {-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-} module GRIN.GrinCase where import GRIN.GrinIdentifiers import GRIN.GrinLiteral import GRIN.GrinValue import GRIN.GrinTag import Data.Data data GrinAlternative f expr where Alternative :: {pat :: GrinConstantPattern f , expr :: expr } -> GrinAlternative f expr deriving instance (Show expr, Show (f GrinIdentifier)) => Show (GrinAlternative f expr) deriving instance Functor (GrinAlternative f ) deriving instance Foldable (GrinAlternative f ) deriving instance Traversable (GrinAlternative f ) deriving instance (Data expr, Typeable f, Data (f GrinIdentifier)) => Data (GrinAlternative f expr) deriving instance Typeable (GrinAlternative) data GrinConstantPattern f where LiteralPattern :: GrinLiteral -> GrinConstantPattern f TagPattern :: Tag -> GrinConstantPattern f ConstantNodePattern :: Tag -> f GrinIdentifier -> GrinConstantPattern f deriving (Typeable) deriving instance (Data (f GrinIdentifier), Typeable f) => Data (GrinConstantPattern f) deriving instance (Show (f GrinIdentifier)) => Show (GrinConstantPattern f)
spacekitteh/libgrin
src/GRIN/GrinCase.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,288
module Nut.Color.Spectrum.XYZ ( XYZ(..) ) where import Control.Applicative import Data.Foldable import Data.Traversable import Data.Monoid import Nut.Numeric.Double import Nut.Numeric.Float data XYZ a = XYZ a a a deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read) instance Functor XYZ where fmap f (XYZ x y z) = XYZ (f x) (f y) (f z) instance Applicative XYZ where pure a = XYZ a a a XYZ fx fy fz <*> XYZ x y z = XYZ (fx x) (fy y) (fz z) instance Traversable XYZ where traverse f (XYZ x y z) = XYZ <$> f x <*> f y <*> f z instance Foldable XYZ where foldMap f (XYZ x y z) = f x `mappend` f y `mappend` f z instance Num a => Num (XYZ a) where (+) = liftA2 (+) (*) = liftA2 (*) (-) = liftA2 (-) abs = fmap abs signum = fmap signum fromInteger = pure . fromInteger instance Fractional a => Fractional (XYZ a) where (/) = liftA2 (/) recip = fmap recip fromRational = pure . fromRational instance Floating a => Floating (XYZ a) where pi = pure pi exp = fmap exp sqrt = fmap sqrt log = fmap log (**) = liftA2 (**) logBase = liftA2 logBase sin = fmap sin cos = fmap cos tan = fmap tan asin = fmap asin acos = fmap acos atan = fmap atan sinh = fmap sinh cosh = fmap cosh tanh = fmap tanh asinh = fmap asinh acosh = fmap acosh atanh = fmap atanh instance FromFloat a => FromFloat (XYZ a) where fromFloat = pure . fromFloat instance FromDouble a => FromDouble (XYZ a) where fromDouble = pure . fromDouble
ekmett/colorimetry
Colorimetry/Spectrum/XYZ.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,454
----------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Haskell: The Craft of Functional Programming, 3e -- Simon Thompson -- (c) Addison-Wesley, 1996-2011. -- -- Chapter 14, part 1 -- Also covers the properties in Section 14.7 -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- module Craft.Chapter14_1 where import Prelude hiding (Either(..),either,Maybe(..),maybe) import Test.QuickCheck import Control.Monad -- Algebraic types -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- Introducing algebraic types -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- We give a sequence of examples of increasing complexity ... -- Enumerated types -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- Two enumerated types data Temp = Cold | Hot deriving (Show) data Season = Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter deriving (Show,Eq,Enum) -- A function over Season, defined using pattern matching. weather :: Season -> Temp weather Summer = Hot weather _ = Cold -- The Ordering type, as used in the class Ord. -- data Ordering = LT | EQ | GT -- Declaring Temp an instance of Eq. instance Eq Temp where Cold == Cold = True Hot == Hot = True _ == _ = False -- Recursive algebraic types -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- Expressions -- ^^^^^^^^^^^ -- Representing an integer expression. data Expr = Lit Integer | Add Expr Expr | Sub Expr Expr | If BExp Expr Expr deriving (Show,Eq) -- Three examples from Expr. expr1 = Lit 2 expr2 = Add (Lit 2) (Lit 3) expr3 = Add (Sub (Lit 3) (Lit 1)) (Lit 3) -- Evaluating an expression. eval :: Expr -> Integer eval (Lit n) = n eval (Add e1 e2) = (eval e1) + (eval e2) eval (Sub e1 e2) = (eval e1) - (eval e2) eval (If b e1 e2) | bEval b = eval e1 | otherwise = eval e2 -- Showing an expression. -- instance Show Expr where -- -- show (Lit n) = show n -- show (Add e1 e2) -- = "(" ++ show e1 ++ "+" ++ show e2 ++ ")" -- show (Sub e1 e2) -- = "(" ++ show e1 ++ "-" ++ show e2 ++ ")" -- Trees of integers -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- The type definition. data NTree = NilT | Node Integer NTree NTree deriving (Show,Eq,Read,Ord) -- Example trees treeEx1 = Node 10 NilT NilT treeEx2 = Node 17 (Node 14 NilT NilT) (Node 20 NilT NilT) -- Definitions of many functions are primitive recursive. For instance, sumTree,depth :: NTree -> Integer sumTree NilT = 0 sumTree (Node n t1 t2) = n + sumTree t1 + sumTree t2 depth NilT = 0 depth (Node n t1 t2) = 1 + max (depth t1) (depth t2) -- How many times does an integer occur in a tree? occurs :: NTree -> Integer -> Integer occurs NilT p = 0 occurs (Node n t1 t2) p | n==p = 1 + occurs t1 p + occurs t2 p | otherwise = occurs t1 p + occurs t2 p -- Rearranging expressions -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- Right-associating additions in expressions. assoc :: Expr -> Expr assoc (Add (Add e1 e2) e3) = assoc (Add e1 (Add e2 e3)) assoc (Add e1 e2) = Add (assoc e1) (assoc e2) assoc (Sub e1 e2) = Sub (assoc e1) (assoc e2) assoc (Lit n) = Lit n assoc' (e1 `Add` (e2 `Add` e3)) = assoc' (e1 `Add` e2 `Add` e3) -- Infix constructors -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- An alternative definition of Expr. data Expr' = Lit' Integer | Expr' :+: Expr' | Expr' :-: Expr' -- Mutual Recursion -- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- Mutually recursive types ... data Person = Adult Name Address Biog | Child Name data Biog = Parent String [Person] | NonParent String type Name = String type Address = [String] -- ... and functions. showPerson (Adult nm ad bio) = show nm ++ show ad ++ showBiog bio showBiog (Parent st perList) = st ++ concat (map showPerson perList) -- Alternative definition of Expr (as used later in the calculator case -- study. -- data Expr = Lit Int | -- Op Ops Expr Expr -- data Ops = Add | Sub | Mul | Div -- It is possible to extend the type Expr so that it contains -- conditional expressions, \texttt{If b e1 e2}. -- data Expr = Lit Int | -- Op Ops Expr Expr | -- If BExp Expr Expr -- Boolean expressions. data BExp = BoolLit Bool | And BExp BExp | Not BExp | Equal Expr Expr | Greater Expr Expr deriving (Show, Eq) bEval :: BExp -> Bool bEval (BoolLit a) = a bEval (And a b) = and [bEval a, bEval b] bEval (Not a) = not (bEval a) bEval (Equal a b) = eval a == eval b bEval (Greater a b) = eval a >= eval b infixl 5 :::& data L' a = N | a :::& L' a -- QuickCheck for algebraic types instance Arbitrary NTree where arbitrary = sized arbNTree arbNTree :: Int -> Gen NTree arbNTree 0 = return NilT arbNTree n | n>0 = frequency[(1, return NilT), (3, liftM3 Node arbitrary bush bush)] where bush = arbNTree (div n 2) instance Arbitrary Expr where arbitrary = sized arbExpr arbExpr :: Int -> Gen Expr arbExpr 0 = liftM Lit arbitrary arbExpr n | n>0 = frequency[(1, liftM Lit arbitrary), (2, liftM2 Add bush bush), (2, liftM2 Sub bush bush)] where bush = arbExpr (div n 2) prop_assoc :: Expr -> Bool prop_assoc expr = eval expr == eval (assoc expr) prop_depth :: NTree -> Bool prop_depth t = size t < 2^(depth t) size :: NTree -> Integer size NilT = 0 size (Node n t1 t2) = 1 + (size t1) + (depth t2)
Numberartificial/workflow
snipets/src/Craft/Chapter14_1.hs
Haskell
mit
5,523
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} {-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-} module LambdaCms.Core.Classes ( PageHeadProperties (..) ) where import LambdaCms.Core.Import import Data.Text (intercalate) type Follow = Bool type Index = Bool class PageHeadProperties res where title :: res -> Text author :: res -> Maybe Text author _ = Nothing editor :: res -> Maybe Text editor _ = Nothing description :: res -> Maybe Text description _ = Nothing keywords :: res -> [Text] keywords _ = [] robots :: res -> Maybe (Index, Follow) robots _ = Nothing otherMetas :: res -> [[(Text, Text)]] otherMetas _ = [] facebook :: res -> [(Text, Text)] facebook _ = [] twitter :: res -> [(Text, Text)] twitter _ = [] googlePlus :: res -> [(Text, Text)] googlePlus _ = [] pageHeadTags :: LambdaCmsAdmin master => res -> WidgetT master IO () pageHeadTags res = toWidgetHead $(hamletFile "templates/pagehead.hamlet") where robotsText :: Maybe Text robotsText = case robots res of Just (index, follow) -> Just $ (if index then "Index" else "NoIndex") <> ", " <> (if follow then "Follow" else "NoFollow") Nothing -> Nothing
lambdacms/lambdacms
lambdacms-core/LambdaCms/Core/Classes.hs
Haskell
mit
1,358
{-# LANGUAGE LambdaCase #-} module Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.Addresses ( createAddress , newHdAddress , importAddresses -- * Errors , CreateAddressError(..) , ImportAddressError(..) ) where import qualified Prelude import Universum import Control.Lens (to) import Control.Monad.Except (throwError) import Formatting (bprint, build, formatToString, (%)) import qualified Formatting as F import qualified Formatting.Buildable import System.Random.MWC (GenIO, createSystemRandom, uniformR) import Data.Acid (update) import Pos.Core (Address, IsBootstrapEraAddr (..), deriveLvl2KeyPair) import Pos.Core.NetworkMagic (NetworkMagic, makeNetworkMagic) import Pos.Crypto (EncryptedSecretKey, PassPhrase, ShouldCheckPassphrase (..)) import Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.DB.AcidState (CreateHdAddress (..)) import Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.DB.HdWallet (HdAccountId, HdAccountIx (..), HdAddress, HdAddressId (..), HdAddressIx (..), HdRootId (..), IsOurs (..), hdAccountIdIx, hdAccountIdParent, hdAddressIdIx) import Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.DB.HdWallet.Create (CreateHdAddressError (..), initHdAddress) import Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.DB.HdWallet.Derivation (HardeningMode (..), deriveIndex) import Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.Internal (PassiveWallet, walletKeystore, walletProtocolMagic, wallets) import qualified Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.Keystore as Keystore import Cardano.Wallet.Kernel.Types (AccountId (..), WalletId (..)) import Cardano.Wallet.WalletLayer.Kernel.Conv (toCardanoAddress) import Test.QuickCheck (Arbitrary (..), oneof) data CreateAddressError = CreateAddressUnknownHdAccount HdAccountId -- ^ When trying to create the 'Address', the parent 'Account' was not -- there. | CreateAddressKeystoreNotFound AccountId -- ^ When trying to create the 'Address', the 'Keystore' didn't have -- any secret associated with this 'Account'. -- there. | CreateAddressHdRndGenerationFailed HdAccountId -- ^ The crypto-related part of address generation failed. This is -- likely to happen if the 'PassPhrase' does not match the one used -- to encrypt the 'EncryptedSecretKey'. | CreateAddressHdRndAddressSpaceSaturated HdAccountId -- ^ The available number of HD addresses in use in such that trying -- to find another random index would be too expensive deriving Eq instance Arbitrary CreateAddressError where arbitrary = oneof [ CreateAddressUnknownHdAccount <$> arbitrary , CreateAddressKeystoreNotFound . AccountIdHdRnd <$> arbitrary , CreateAddressHdRndGenerationFailed <$> arbitrary , CreateAddressHdRndAddressSpaceSaturated <$> arbitrary ] instance Buildable CreateAddressError where build (CreateAddressUnknownHdAccount uAccount) = bprint ("CreateAddressUnknownHdAccount " % F.build) uAccount build (CreateAddressKeystoreNotFound accId) = bprint ("CreateAddressKeystoreNotFound " % F.build) accId build (CreateAddressHdRndGenerationFailed hdAcc) = bprint ("CreateAddressHdRndGenerationFailed " % F.build) hdAcc build (CreateAddressHdRndAddressSpaceSaturated hdAcc) = bprint ("CreateAddressHdRndAddressSpaceSaturated " % F.build) hdAcc instance Show CreateAddressError where show = formatToString build -- | Creates a new 'Address' for the input account. createAddress :: PassPhrase -- ^ The 'Passphrase' (a.k.a the \"Spending Password\"). -> AccountId -- ^ An abstract notion of an 'Account' identifier -> PassiveWallet -> IO (Either CreateAddressError Address) createAddress spendingPassword accId pw = do let nm = makeNetworkMagic (pw ^. walletProtocolMagic) keystore = pw ^. walletKeystore case accId of -- \"Standard\" HD random derivation. The strategy is as follows: -- -- 1. Generate the Address' @index@ and @HdAddress@ structure outside -- of an atomic acid-state transaction. This could lead to data -- races in the sense that an index is picked and such index -- is already claimed, but if this happens we simply try again. -- 2. Perform the actual creation of the 'HdAddress' as an atomic -- transaction in acid-state. -- -- The reason why we do this is because: -- 1. We cannot do IO (thus index derivation) in an acid-state -- transaction -- 2. In order to create an 'HdAddress' we need a proper 'Address', -- but this cannot be derived with having access to the -- 'EncryptedSecretKey' and the 'PassPhrase', and we do not want -- these exposed in the acid-state transaction log. (AccountIdHdRnd hdAccId) -> do mbEsk <- Keystore.lookup nm (WalletIdHdRnd (hdAccId ^. hdAccountIdParent)) keystore case mbEsk of Nothing -> return (Left $ CreateAddressKeystoreNotFound accId) Just esk -> createHdRndAddress spendingPassword esk hdAccId pw -- | Creates a new 'Address' using the random HD derivation under the hood. -- Being this an operation bound not only by the number of available derivation -- indexes \"left\" in the account, some form of short-circuiting is necessary. -- Currently, the algorithm is as follows: -- -- 1. Try to generate an 'Address' by picking a random index; -- 2. If the operation succeeds, return the 'Address'; -- 3. If the DB operation fails due to a collision, try again, up to a max of -- 1024 attempts. -- 4. If after 1024 attempts there is still no result, flag this upstream. createHdRndAddress :: PassPhrase -> EncryptedSecretKey -> HdAccountId -> PassiveWallet -> IO (Either CreateAddressError Address) createHdRndAddress spendingPassword esk accId pw = do gen <- createSystemRandom go gen 0 where go :: GenIO -> Word32 -> IO (Either CreateAddressError Address) go gen collisions = case collisions >= maxAllowedCollisions of True -> return $ Left (CreateAddressHdRndAddressSpaceSaturated accId) False -> tryGenerateAddress gen collisions tryGenerateAddress :: GenIO -> Word32 -- ^ The current number of collisions -> IO (Either CreateAddressError Address) tryGenerateAddress gen collisions = do newIndex <- deriveIndex (flip uniformR gen) HdAddressIx HardDerivation let hdAddressId = HdAddressId accId newIndex nm = makeNetworkMagic $ pw ^. walletProtocolMagic mbAddr = newHdAddress nm esk spendingPassword accId hdAddressId case mbAddr of Nothing -> return (Left $ CreateAddressHdRndGenerationFailed accId) Just hdAddress -> do let db = pw ^. wallets res <- update db (CreateHdAddress hdAddress) case res of (Left (CreateHdAddressExists _)) -> go gen (succ collisions) (Left (CreateHdAddressUnknown _)) -> return (Left $ CreateAddressUnknownHdAccount accId) Right () -> return (Right $ toCardanoAddress hdAddress) -- The maximum number of allowed collisions. maxAllowedCollisions :: Word32 maxAllowedCollisions = 1024 -- | Generates a new 'HdAddress' by performing the HD crypto derivation -- underneath. Returns 'Nothing' if the cryptographic derivation fails. newHdAddress :: NetworkMagic -> EncryptedSecretKey -> PassPhrase -> HdAccountId -> HdAddressId -> Maybe HdAddress newHdAddress nm esk spendingPassword accId hdAddressId = let mbAddr = deriveLvl2KeyPair nm (IsBootstrapEraAddr True) (ShouldCheckPassphrase True) spendingPassword esk (accId ^. hdAccountIdIx . to getHdAccountIx) (hdAddressId ^. hdAddressIdIx . to getHdAddressIx) in case mbAddr of Nothing -> Nothing Just (newAddress, _) -> Just $ initHdAddress hdAddressId newAddress data ImportAddressError = ImportAddressKeystoreNotFound HdRootId -- ^ When trying to import the 'Address', the parent root was not there. deriving Eq instance Arbitrary ImportAddressError where arbitrary = oneof [ ImportAddressKeystoreNotFound <$> arbitrary ] instance Buildable ImportAddressError where build = \case ImportAddressKeystoreNotFound rootId -> bprint ("ImportAddressError" % F.build) rootId instance Show ImportAddressError where show = formatToString build -- | Import already existing addresses into the DB. A typical use-case for that -- is backend migration, where users (e.g. exchanges) want to import unused -- addresses they've generated in the past (and likely communicated to their -- users). Because Addresses in the old scheme are generated randomly, there's -- no guarantee that addresses would be generated in the same order on a new -- node (they better not actually!). importAddresses :: HdRootId -> [Address] -> PassiveWallet -> IO (Either ImportAddressError [Either Address ()]) importAddresses rootId addrs pw = runExceptT $ do esk <- lookupSecretKey rootId lift $ forM addrs (flip importOneAddress [(rootId, esk)]) where lookupSecretKey :: HdRootId -> ExceptT ImportAddressError IO EncryptedSecretKey lookupSecretKey k = do let nm = makeNetworkMagic (pw ^. walletProtocolMagic) let keystore = pw ^. walletKeystore lift (Keystore.lookup nm (WalletIdHdRnd k) keystore) >>= \case Nothing -> throwError (ImportAddressKeystoreNotFound rootId) Just esk -> return esk importOneAddress :: Address -> [(HdRootId, EncryptedSecretKey)] -> IO (Either Address ()) importOneAddress addr = evalStateT $ do let updateLifted = fmap Just . lift . update (pw ^. wallets) res <- state (isOurs addr) >>= \case Nothing -> return Nothing Just hdAddr -> updateLifted $ CreateHdAddress hdAddr return $ case res of Just (Right _) -> Right () _ -> Left addr
input-output-hk/pos-haskell-prototype
wallet/src/Cardano/Wallet/Kernel/Addresses.hs
Haskell
mit
11,037
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-} {-# OPTIONS_GHC -fwarn-incomplete-patterns #-} -- | Primitive Feldspar expressions module Feldspar.Primitive.Representation where import Data.Array import Data.Bits import Data.Complex import Data.Int import Data.Typeable import Data.Word import Data.Constraint (Dict (..)) import Language.Embedded.Expression import Language.Embedded.Imperative.CMD (IArr (..)) import Language.Syntactic import Language.Syntactic.TH import Language.Syntactic.Functional -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- * Types -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- type Length = Word32 type Index = Word32 -- | Representation of primitive supported types data PrimTypeRep a where BoolT :: PrimTypeRep Bool Int8T :: PrimTypeRep Int8 Int16T :: PrimTypeRep Int16 Int32T :: PrimTypeRep Int32 Int64T :: PrimTypeRep Int64 Word8T :: PrimTypeRep Word8 Word16T :: PrimTypeRep Word16 Word32T :: PrimTypeRep Word32 Word64T :: PrimTypeRep Word64 FloatT :: PrimTypeRep Float DoubleT :: PrimTypeRep Double ComplexFloatT :: PrimTypeRep (Complex Float) ComplexDoubleT :: PrimTypeRep (Complex Double) data IntTypeRep a where Int8Type :: IntTypeRep Int8 Int16Type :: IntTypeRep Int16 Int32Type :: IntTypeRep Int32 Int64Type :: IntTypeRep Int64 data WordTypeRep a where Word8Type :: WordTypeRep Word8 Word16Type :: WordTypeRep Word16 Word32Type :: WordTypeRep Word32 Word64Type :: WordTypeRep Word64 data IntWordTypeRep a where IntType :: IntTypeRep a -> IntWordTypeRep a WordType :: WordTypeRep a -> IntWordTypeRep a data FloatingTypeRep a where FloatType :: FloatingTypeRep Float DoubleType :: FloatingTypeRep Double data ComplexTypeRep a where ComplexFloatType :: ComplexTypeRep (Complex Float) ComplexDoubleType :: ComplexTypeRep (Complex Double) -- | A different view of 'PrimTypeRep' that allows matching on similar types data PrimTypeView a where PrimTypeBool :: PrimTypeView Bool PrimTypeIntWord :: IntWordTypeRep a -> PrimTypeView a PrimTypeFloating :: FloatingTypeRep a -> PrimTypeView a PrimTypeComplex :: ComplexTypeRep a -> PrimTypeView a deriving instance Show (PrimTypeRep a) deriving instance Show (IntTypeRep a) deriving instance Show (WordTypeRep a) deriving instance Show (IntWordTypeRep a) deriving instance Show (FloatingTypeRep a) deriving instance Show (ComplexTypeRep a) deriving instance Show (PrimTypeView a) viewPrimTypeRep :: PrimTypeRep a -> PrimTypeView a viewPrimTypeRep BoolT = PrimTypeBool viewPrimTypeRep Int8T = PrimTypeIntWord $ IntType $ Int8Type viewPrimTypeRep Int16T = PrimTypeIntWord $ IntType $ Int16Type viewPrimTypeRep Int32T = PrimTypeIntWord $ IntType $ Int32Type viewPrimTypeRep Int64T = PrimTypeIntWord $ IntType $ Int64Type viewPrimTypeRep Word8T = PrimTypeIntWord $ WordType $ Word8Type viewPrimTypeRep Word16T = PrimTypeIntWord $ WordType $ Word16Type viewPrimTypeRep Word32T = PrimTypeIntWord $ WordType $ Word32Type viewPrimTypeRep Word64T = PrimTypeIntWord $ WordType $ Word64Type viewPrimTypeRep FloatT = PrimTypeFloating FloatType viewPrimTypeRep DoubleT = PrimTypeFloating DoubleType viewPrimTypeRep ComplexFloatT = PrimTypeComplex ComplexFloatType viewPrimTypeRep ComplexDoubleT = PrimTypeComplex ComplexDoubleType unviewPrimTypeRep :: PrimTypeView a -> PrimTypeRep a unviewPrimTypeRep PrimTypeBool = BoolT unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (IntType Int8Type)) = Int8T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (IntType Int16Type)) = Int16T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (IntType Int32Type)) = Int32T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (IntType Int64Type)) = Int64T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (WordType Word8Type)) = Word8T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (WordType Word16Type)) = Word16T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (WordType Word32Type)) = Word32T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeIntWord (WordType Word64Type)) = Word64T unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeFloating FloatType) = FloatT unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeFloating DoubleType) = DoubleT unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeComplex ComplexFloatType) = ComplexFloatT unviewPrimTypeRep (PrimTypeComplex ComplexDoubleType) = ComplexDoubleT primTypeIntWidth :: PrimTypeRep a -> Maybe Int primTypeIntWidth Int8T = Just 8 primTypeIntWidth Int16T = Just 16 primTypeIntWidth Int32T = Just 32 primTypeIntWidth Int64T = Just 64 primTypeIntWidth Word8T = Just 8 primTypeIntWidth Word16T = Just 16 primTypeIntWidth Word32T = Just 32 primTypeIntWidth Word64T = Just 64 primTypeIntWidth _ = Nothing -- | Primitive supported types class (Eq a, Show a, Typeable a) => PrimType' a where -- | Reify a primitive type primTypeRep :: PrimTypeRep a instance PrimType' Bool where primTypeRep = BoolT instance PrimType' Int8 where primTypeRep = Int8T instance PrimType' Int16 where primTypeRep = Int16T instance PrimType' Int32 where primTypeRep = Int32T instance PrimType' Int64 where primTypeRep = Int64T instance PrimType' Word8 where primTypeRep = Word8T instance PrimType' Word16 where primTypeRep = Word16T instance PrimType' Word32 where primTypeRep = Word32T instance PrimType' Word64 where primTypeRep = Word64T instance PrimType' Float where primTypeRep = FloatT instance PrimType' Double where primTypeRep = DoubleT instance PrimType' (Complex Float) where primTypeRep = ComplexFloatT instance PrimType' (Complex Double) where primTypeRep = ComplexDoubleT -- | Convenience function; like 'primTypeRep' but with an extra argument to -- constrain the type parameter. The extra argument is ignored. primTypeOf :: PrimType' a => a -> PrimTypeRep a primTypeOf _ = primTypeRep -- | Check whether two type representations are equal primTypeEq :: PrimTypeRep a -> PrimTypeRep b -> Maybe (Dict (a ~ b)) primTypeEq BoolT BoolT = Just Dict primTypeEq Int8T Int8T = Just Dict primTypeEq Int16T Int16T = Just Dict primTypeEq Int32T Int32T = Just Dict primTypeEq Int64T Int64T = Just Dict primTypeEq Word8T Word8T = Just Dict primTypeEq Word16T Word16T = Just Dict primTypeEq Word32T Word32T = Just Dict primTypeEq Word64T Word64T = Just Dict primTypeEq FloatT FloatT = Just Dict primTypeEq DoubleT DoubleT = Just Dict primTypeEq ComplexFloatT ComplexFloatT = Just Dict primTypeEq ComplexDoubleT ComplexDoubleT = Just Dict primTypeEq _ _ = Nothing -- | Reflect a 'PrimTypeRep' to a 'PrimType'' constraint witPrimType :: PrimTypeRep a -> Dict (PrimType' a) witPrimType BoolT = Dict witPrimType Int8T = Dict witPrimType Int16T = Dict witPrimType Int32T = Dict witPrimType Int64T = Dict witPrimType Word8T = Dict witPrimType Word16T = Dict witPrimType Word32T = Dict witPrimType Word64T = Dict witPrimType FloatT = Dict witPrimType DoubleT = Dict witPrimType ComplexFloatT = Dict witPrimType ComplexDoubleT = Dict -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- * Expressions -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | Primitive operations data Primitive sig where FreeVar :: PrimType' a => String -> Primitive (Full a) Lit :: (Eq a, Show a) => a -> Primitive (Full a) Add :: (Num a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Sub :: (Num a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Mul :: (Num a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Neg :: (Num a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Abs :: (Num a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Sign :: (Num a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Quot :: (Integral a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Rem :: (Integral a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Div :: (Integral a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Mod :: (Integral a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) FDiv :: (Fractional a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Pi :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (Full a) Exp :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Log :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Sqrt :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Pow :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) Sin :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Cos :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Tan :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Asin :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Acos :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Atan :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Sinh :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Cosh :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Tanh :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Asinh :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Acosh :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Atanh :: (Floating a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) Complex :: (Num a, PrimType' a, PrimType' (Complex a)) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full (Complex a)) Polar :: (Floating a, PrimType' a, PrimType' (Complex a)) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full (Complex a)) Real :: (PrimType' a, PrimType' (Complex a)) => Primitive (Complex a :-> Full a) Imag :: (PrimType' a, PrimType' (Complex a)) => Primitive (Complex a :-> Full a) Magnitude :: (RealFloat a, PrimType' a, PrimType' (Complex a)) => Primitive (Complex a :-> Full a) Phase :: (RealFloat a, PrimType' a, PrimType' (Complex a)) => Primitive (Complex a :-> Full a) Conjugate :: (Num a, PrimType' (Complex a)) => Primitive (Complex a :-> Full (Complex a)) I2N :: (Integral a, Num b, PrimType' a, PrimType' b) => Primitive (a :-> Full b) I2B :: (Integral a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full Bool) B2I :: (Integral a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (Bool :-> Full a) Round :: (RealFrac a, Num b, PrimType' a, PrimType' b) => Primitive (a :-> Full b) Not :: Primitive (Bool :-> Full Bool) And :: Primitive (Bool :-> Bool :-> Full Bool) Or :: Primitive (Bool :-> Bool :-> Full Bool) Eq :: (Eq a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full Bool) NEq :: (Eq a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full Bool) Lt :: (Ord a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full Bool) Gt :: (Ord a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full Bool) Le :: (Ord a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full Bool) Ge :: (Ord a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full Bool) BitAnd :: (Bits a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) BitOr :: (Bits a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) BitXor :: (Bits a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> a :-> Full a) BitCompl :: (Bits a, PrimType' a) => Primitive (a :-> Full a) ShiftL :: (Bits a, PrimType' a, Integral b, PrimType' b) => Primitive (a :-> b :-> Full a) ShiftR :: (Bits a, PrimType' a, Integral b, PrimType' b) => Primitive (a :-> b :-> Full a) ArrIx :: PrimType' a => IArr Index a -> Primitive (Index :-> Full a) Cond :: Primitive (Bool :-> a :-> a :-> Full a) deriving instance Show (Primitive a) -- The `PrimType'` constraints on certain symbols require an explanation: The -- constraints are actually not needed for anything in the modules in -- `Feldspar.Primitive.*`, but they are needed by `Feldspar.Run.Compile`. They -- guarantee to the compiler that these symbols don't operate on tuples. -- -- It would seem more consistent to have a `PrimType'` constraint on all -- polymorphic symbols. However, this would prevent using some symbols for -- non-primitive types in `Feldspar.Representation`. For example, `Lit` and -- `Cond` are used `Feldspar.Representation`, and there they can also be used -- for tuple types. The current design was chosen because it "just works". deriveSymbol ''Primitive instance Render Primitive where renderSym (FreeVar v) = v renderSym (Lit a) = show a renderSym (ArrIx (IArrComp arr)) = "ArrIx " ++ arr renderSym (ArrIx _) = "ArrIx ..." renderSym s = show s renderArgs = renderArgsSmart instance StringTree Primitive instance Eval Primitive where evalSym (FreeVar v) = error $ "evaluating free variable " ++ show v evalSym (Lit a) = a evalSym Add = (+) evalSym Sub = (-) evalSym Mul = (*) evalSym Neg = negate evalSym Abs = abs evalSym Sign = signum evalSym Quot = quot evalSym Rem = rem evalSym Div = div evalSym Mod = mod evalSym FDiv = (/) evalSym Pi = pi evalSym Exp = exp evalSym Log = log evalSym Sqrt = sqrt evalSym Pow = (**) evalSym Sin = sin evalSym Cos = cos evalSym Tan = tan evalSym Asin = asin evalSym Acos = acos evalSym Atan = atan evalSym Sinh = sinh evalSym Cosh = cosh evalSym Tanh = tanh evalSym Asinh = asinh evalSym Acosh = acosh evalSym Atanh = atanh evalSym Complex = (:+) evalSym Polar = mkPolar evalSym Real = realPart evalSym Imag = imagPart evalSym Magnitude = magnitude evalSym Phase = phase evalSym Conjugate = conjugate evalSym I2N = fromInteger . toInteger evalSym I2B = (/=0) evalSym B2I = \a -> if a then 1 else 0 evalSym Round = fromInteger . round evalSym Not = not evalSym And = (&&) evalSym Or = (||) evalSym Eq = (==) evalSym NEq = (/=) evalSym Lt = (<) evalSym Gt = (>) evalSym Le = (<=) evalSym Ge = (>=) evalSym BitAnd = (.&.) evalSym BitOr = (.|.) evalSym BitXor = xor evalSym BitCompl = complement evalSym ShiftL = \a -> shiftL a . fromIntegral evalSym ShiftR = \a -> shiftR a . fromIntegral evalSym Cond = \c t f -> if c then t else f evalSym (ArrIx (IArrRun arr)) = \i -> if i<l || i>h then error $ "ArrIx: index " ++ show (toInteger i) ++ " out of bounds " ++ show (toInteger l, toInteger h) else arr!i where (l,h) = bounds arr evalSym (ArrIx (IArrComp arr)) = error $ "evaluating symbolic array " ++ arr -- | Assumes no occurrences of 'FreeVar' and concrete representation of arrays instance EvalEnv Primitive env instance Equality Primitive where equal s1 s2 = show s1 == show s2 -- NOTE: It is very important not to use `renderSym` here, because it will -- render all concrete arrays equal. -- This method uses string comparison. It is probably slightly more -- efficient to pattern match directly on the constructors. Unfortunately -- `deriveEquality ''Primitive` doesn't work, so it gets quite tedious to -- write it with pattern matching. type PrimDomain = Primitive :&: PrimTypeRep -- | Primitive expressions newtype Prim a = Prim { unPrim :: ASTF PrimDomain a } instance Syntactic (Prim a) where type Domain (Prim a) = PrimDomain type Internal (Prim a) = a desugar = unPrim sugar = Prim -- | Evaluate a closed expression evalPrim :: Prim a -> a evalPrim = go . unPrim where go :: AST PrimDomain sig -> Denotation sig go (Sym (s :&: _)) = evalSym s go (f :$ a) = go f $ go a sugarSymPrim :: ( Signature sig , fi ~ SmartFun dom sig , sig ~ SmartSig fi , dom ~ SmartSym fi , dom ~ PrimDomain , SyntacticN f fi , sub :<: Primitive , PrimType' (DenResult sig) ) => sub sig -> f sugarSymPrim = sugarSymDecor primTypeRep instance FreeExp Prim where type FreePred Prim = PrimType' constExp = sugarSymPrim . Lit varExp = sugarSymPrim . FreeVar instance EvalExp Prim where evalExp = evalPrim -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- * Interface -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- instance (Num a, PrimType' a) => Num (Prim a) where fromInteger = constExp . fromInteger (+) = sugarSymPrim Add (-) = sugarSymPrim Sub (*) = sugarSymPrim Mul negate = sugarSymPrim Neg abs = sugarSymPrim Abs signum = sugarSymPrim Sign
kmate/raw-feldspar
src/Feldspar/Primitive/Representation.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
17,478
-- A simple let statement, to ensure the layout is detected module Layout.LetStmt where foo = do {- ffo -}let x = 1 y = 2 -- baz x+y
mpickering/ghc-exactprint
tests/examples/ghc710/LetStmt.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
158
{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveFunctor #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-} {-# LANGUAGE UndecidableInstances #-} {- | Module : Verifier.SAW.Change Copyright : Galois, Inc. 2012-2015 License : BSD3 Maintainer : jhendrix@galois.com Stability : experimental Portability : non-portable (language extensions) -} module Verifier.SAW.Change ( ChangeMonad(..) , Change(..) , ChangeT(..) , change , changeList , commitChange , commitChangeT , preserveChangeT , flatten ) where #if !MIN_VERSION_base(4,8,0) import Control.Applicative #endif import Control.Monad (liftM, liftM2) import Control.Monad.Trans ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Monads for tracking whether values have changed class (Monad m, Applicative m) => ChangeMonad m where preserve :: a -> m a -> m a taint :: m a -> m a taint m = m >>= modified modified :: a -> m a modified x = taint (pure x) -- Laws (not a minimal set): -- taint (taint m) = taint m -- taint (pure x) = modified x -- fmap f (taint m) = taint (fmap f m) -- taint m1 <*> m2 = taint (m1 <*> m2) -- m1 <*> taint m2 = taint (m1 <*> m2) -- fmap f (modified x) = modified (f x) -- modified x >>= k = taint (k x) -- m >>= modified = taint m -- taint (modified x) = modified x -- taint (return x) = modified x -- taint (m >>= k) = taint m >>= k -- taint (m >>= k) = m >>= (taint . k) -- preserve x (pure _) = pure x -- preserve _ (modified y) = modified y -- preserve _ (taint m) = taint m change :: ChangeMonad m => (a -> Maybe a) -> a -> m a change f a = case f a of Nothing -> pure a Just x -> modified x changeList :: ChangeMonad m => (a -> m a) -> [a] -> m [a] changeList f xs = preserve xs $ case xs of [] -> pure [] y : ys -> (:) <$> f y <*> changeList f ys ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Change monad data Change a = Original a | Modified a deriving (Show, Functor) instance Applicative Change where pure x = Original x Original f <*> Original x = Original (f x) Original f <*> Modified x = Modified (f x) Modified f <*> Original x = Modified (f x) Modified f <*> Modified x = Modified (f x) instance Monad Change where return x = Original x Original x >>= k = k x Modified x >>= k = taint (k x) instance ChangeMonad Change where preserve x (Original _) = Original x preserve _ c@(Modified _) = c taint (Original x) = Modified x taint c@(Modified _) = c modified x = Modified x commitChange :: Change a -> a commitChange (Original x) = x commitChange (Modified x) = x -- ^ Satisfies the following laws: -- @commitChange (fmap f m) = f (commitChange m)@ -- @commitChange (taint m) = commitChange m@ -- @commitChange (m >>= k) = commitChange (k (commitChange m))@ ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Change monad transformer newtype ChangeT m a = ChangeT { runChangeT :: m (Change a) } instance Monad m => Functor (ChangeT m) where fmap f (ChangeT m) = ChangeT (liftM (fmap f) m) instance Monad m => Applicative (ChangeT m) where pure x = ChangeT (return (Original x)) ChangeT m1 <*> ChangeT m2 = ChangeT (liftM2 (<*>) m1 m2) instance Monad m => Monad (ChangeT m) where return x = ChangeT (return (Original x)) ChangeT m >>= k = ChangeT (m >>= f) where f (Original x) = runChangeT (k x) f (Modified x) = runChangeT (k x) >>= (return . taint) instance MonadTrans ChangeT where lift m = ChangeT (liftM Original m) instance MonadIO m => MonadIO (ChangeT m) where liftIO m = lift (liftIO m) instance Monad m => ChangeMonad (ChangeT m) where preserve x (ChangeT m) = ChangeT (liftM (preserve x) m) taint (ChangeT m) = ChangeT (liftM taint m) modified x = ChangeT (return (modified x)) commitChangeT :: Monad m => ChangeT m a -> m a commitChangeT (ChangeT m) = liftM commitChange m -- ^ Is a natural transformation from @ChangeT m@ to @m@: -- @commitChangeT (fmap f m) = fmap f (commitChangeT m)@ -- @commitChangeT (lift m) = m@ -- @commitChangeT (m >>= k) = commitChangeT m >>= (commitChangeT . k)@ -- @commitChangeT (return x) = return x@ -- @commitChangeT (taint m) = commitChangeT m@ preserveChangeT :: Monad m => a -> ChangeT m (m a) -> ChangeT m a preserveChangeT x (ChangeT c) = ChangeT (c >>= k) where k (Original _) = return (Original x) k (Modified m) = liftM Modified m -- ^ Satisfies @preserveChangeT x (return _) = return x@ and -- @preserveChangeT _ (modified m) = taint (lift m)@. flatten :: Monad m => (a -> ChangeT m (m a)) -> a -> ChangeT m a flatten f x = ChangeT (runChangeT (f x) >>= k) where k (Original _) = return (Original x) k (Modified m) = liftM Modified m -- ^ @flatten f x = preserveChangeT x (f x)@
GaloisInc/saw-script
saw-core/src/Verifier/SAW/Change.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
4,832
{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-} module Test(main) where import Development.Shake.Command import System.Directory.Extra import System.IO.Extra import System.Time.Extra import System.Environment.Extra import System.FilePath import Control.Monad.Extra import Control.Exception.Extra import Control.Concurrent import System.Process import Data.List.Extra import Data.IORef import Data.Char import Control.Applicative import qualified Example import Prelude import Development.Bake.Test.Simulate main :: IO () main = do args <- getArgs if args /= [] then Example.main else do simulate dir <- getCurrentDirectory test $ dir ++ "/.bake-test" test :: FilePath -> IO () test dir = do let repo = "file:///" ++ dropWhile (== '/') (replace "\\" "/" dir) ++ "/repo" b <- doesDirectoryExist dir when b $ do unit $ cmd "chmod -R 755 .bake-test" unit $ cmd "rm -rf .bake-test" return () #if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 708 setEnv "http_proxy" "" #endif createDirectoryIfMissing True (dir </> "repo") withCurrentDirectory (dir </> "repo") $ do unit $ cmd "git init" unit $ cmd "git config user.email" ["gwen@example.com"] unit $ cmd "git config user.name" ["Ms Gwen"] writeFile "Main.hs" "module Main where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain = print 1\n" unit $ cmd "git add Main.hs" unit $ cmd "git commit -m" ["Initial version"] unit $ cmd "git checkout -b none" -- so I can git push to master forM_ ["bob","tony"] $ \s -> do createDirectoryIfMissing True (dir </> "repo-" ++ s) withCurrentDirectory (dir </> "repo-" ++ s) $ do print "clone" unit $ cmd "git clone" repo "." unit $ cmd "git config user.email" [s ++ "@example.com"] unit $ cmd "git config user.name" ["Mr " ++ toUpper (head s) : map toLower (tail s)] unit $ cmd "git checkout -b" s aborting <- newIORef False let createProcessAlive p = do t <- myThreadId (_,_,_,pid) <- createProcess p forkIO $ do waitForProcess pid b <- readIORef aborting when (not b) $ throwTo t $ ErrorCall "Process died" sleep 2 return pid exe <- getExecutablePath createDirectoryIfMissing True $ dir </> "server" curdir <- getCurrentDirectory environment <- (\env -> ("REPO",repo):("bake_datadir",curdir):env) <$> getEnvironment p0 <- createProcessAlive (proc exe ["server","--author=admin"]) {cwd=Just $ dir </> "server", env=Just environment} sleep 5 ps <- forM (zip [1..] Example.platforms) $ \(i,p) -> do sleep 0.5 -- so they don't ping at the same time createDirectoryIfMissing True $ dir </> "client-" ++ show p createProcessAlive (proc exe $ ["client","--ping=1","--name=" ++ show p,"--threads=" ++ show i,"--provide=" ++ show p]) {cwd=Just $ dir </> "client-" ++ show p,env=Just environment} flip finally (do writeIORef aborting True; mapM_ terminateProcess $ p0 : ps) $ do let edit name act = withCurrentDirectory (dir </> "repo-" ++ name) $ do act unit $ cmd "git add *" unit $ cmd "git commit -m" ["Update from " ++ name] unit $ cmd "git push origin" name Stdout sha1 <- cmd "git rev-parse HEAD" unit $ cmd exe "addpatch" ("--name=" ++ name ++ "=" ++ sha1) ("--author=" ++ name) putStrLn "% MAKING EDIT AS BOB" edit "bob" $ writeFile "Main.hs" "module Main(main) where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain = print 1\n" sleep 2 putStrLn "% MAKING EDIT AS TONY" edit "tony" $ writeFile "Main.hs" "module Main where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = print 1\n" retry 10 $ do sleep 10 withTempDir $ \d -> withCurrentDirectory d $ do unit $ cmd "git clone" repo "." unit $ cmd "git checkout master" src <- readFile "Main.hs" let expect = "module Main(main) where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = print 1\n" when (src /= expect) $ do error $ "Expected to have updated Main, but got:\n" ++ src unit $ cmd exe "pause" putStrLn "% MAKING A GOOD EDIT AS BOB" edit "bob" $ do unit $ cmd "git fetch origin" unit $ cmd "git merge origin/master" writeFile "Main.hs" "module Main(main) where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = print 1\n\n" putStrLn "% MAKING A BAD EDIT AS BOB" edit "bob" $ writeFile "Main.hs" "module Main(main) where\nimport System.Environment\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = do [[_]] <- getArgs; print 1\n\n" putStrLn "% MAKING A GOOD EDIT AS TONY" edit "tony" $ do unit $ cmd "git fetch origin" unit $ cmd "git merge origin/master" writeFile "Main.hs" "-- Tony waz ere\nmodule Main(main) where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = print 1\n" putStrLn "% MAKING A MERGE CONFLICT AS BOB" edit "bob" $ writeFile "Main.hs" "-- Bob waz ere\nmodule Main(main) where\nimport System.Environment\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = do [[_]] <- getArgs; print 1\n\n" putStrLn "% MAKING ANOTHER GOOD EDIT AS TONY" edit "tony" $ do writeFile "Main.hs" "-- Tony waz ere 1981\nmodule Main(main) where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = print 1\n" unit $ cmd exe "unpause" retry 15 $ do sleep 10 withTempDir $ \d -> withCurrentDirectory d $ do unit $ cmd "git clone" repo "." unit $ cmd "git checkout master" src <- readFile "Main.hs" let expect = "-- Tony waz ere 1981\nmodule Main(main) where\n\n-- Entry point\nmain :: IO ()\nmain = print 1\n\n" when (src /= expect) $ do error $ "Expected to have updated Main, but got:\n" ++ src putStrLn "Completed successfully!" -- putStrLn "Waiting (time to view webpage)..." >> sleep 120
Pitometsu/bake
src/Test.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
6,242
{- Copyright 2015 Google Inc. All rights reserved. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. -} {-# LANGUAGE PackageImports #-} {-# LANGUAGE NoImplicitPrelude #-} module GHC.IO.Handle.FD (module M) where import "base" GHC.IO.Handle.FD as M
Ye-Yong-Chi/codeworld
codeworld-base/src/GHC/IO/Handle/FD.hs
Haskell
apache-2.0
747
{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-} module TcInteract ( solveSimpleGivens, -- Solves [EvVar],GivenLoc solveSimpleWanteds -- Solves Cts ) where #include "HsVersions.h" import BasicTypes ( infinity, IntWithInf, intGtLimit ) import HsTypes ( hsIPNameFS ) import FastString import TcCanonical import TcFlatten import VarSet import Type import Kind ( isKind ) import InstEnv( DFunInstType, lookupInstEnv, instanceDFunId ) import CoAxiom(sfInteractTop, sfInteractInert) import Var import TcType import PrelNames ( knownNatClassName, knownSymbolClassName, callStackTyConKey, typeableClassName ) import TysWiredIn ( ipClass, typeNatKind, typeSymbolKind ) import Id( idType ) import CoAxiom ( Eqn, CoAxiom(..), CoAxBranch(..), fromBranches ) import Class import TyCon import DataCon( dataConWrapId ) import FunDeps import FamInst import FamInstEnv import Inst( tyVarsOfCt ) import Unify ( tcUnifyTyWithTFs ) import TcEvidence import Outputable import TcRnTypes import TcSMonad import Bag import MonadUtils ( concatMapM ) import Data.List( partition, foldl', deleteFirstsBy ) import SrcLoc import VarEnv import Control.Monad import Maybes( isJust ) import Pair (Pair(..)) import Unique( hasKey ) import DynFlags import Util {- ********************************************************************** * * * Main Interaction Solver * * * ********************************************************************** Note [Basic Simplifier Plan] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. Pick an element from the WorkList if there exists one with depth less than our context-stack depth. 2. Run it down the 'stage' pipeline. Stages are: - canonicalization - inert reactions - spontaneous reactions - top-level intreactions Each stage returns a StopOrContinue and may have sideffected the inerts or worklist. The threading of the stages is as follows: - If (Stop) is returned by a stage then we start again from Step 1. - If (ContinueWith ct) is returned by a stage, we feed 'ct' on to the next stage in the pipeline. 4. If the element has survived (i.e. ContinueWith x) the last stage then we add him in the inerts and jump back to Step 1. If in Step 1 no such element exists, we have exceeded our context-stack depth and will simply fail. Note [Unflatten after solving the simple wanteds] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ We unflatten after solving the wc_simples of an implication, and before attempting to float. This means that * The fsk/fmv flatten-skolems only survive during solveSimples. We don't need to worry about them across successive passes over the constraint tree. (E.g. we don't need the old ic_fsk field of an implication. * When floating an equality outwards, we don't need to worry about floating its associated flattening constraints. * Another tricky case becomes easy: Trac #4935 type instance F True a b = a type instance F False a b = b [w] F c a b ~ gamma (c ~ True) => a ~ gamma (c ~ False) => b ~ gamma Obviously this is soluble with gamma := F c a b, and unflattening will do exactly that after solving the simple constraints and before attempting the implications. Before, when we were not unflattening, we had to push Wanted funeqs in as new givens. Yuk! Another example that becomes easy: indexed_types/should_fail/T7786 [W] BuriedUnder sub k Empty ~ fsk [W] Intersect fsk inv ~ s [w] xxx[1] ~ s [W] forall[2] . (xxx[1] ~ Empty) => Intersect (BuriedUnder sub k Empty) inv ~ Empty Note [Running plugins on unflattened wanteds] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ There is an annoying mismatch between solveSimpleGivens and solveSimpleWanteds, because the latter needs to fiddle with the inert set, unflatten and zonk the wanteds. It passes the zonked wanteds to runTcPluginsWanteds, which produces a replacement set of wanteds, some additional insolubles and a flag indicating whether to go round the loop again. If so, prepareInertsForImplications is used to remove the previous wanteds (which will still be in the inert set). Note that prepareInertsForImplications will discard the insolubles, so we must keep track of them separately. -} solveSimpleGivens :: CtLoc -> [EvVar] -> TcS Cts -- Solves the givens, adding them to the inert set -- Returns any insoluble givens, which represent inaccessible code, -- taking those ones out of the inert set solveSimpleGivens loc givens | null givens -- Shortcut for common case = return emptyCts | otherwise = do { go (map mk_given_ct givens) ; takeGivenInsolubles } where mk_given_ct ev_id = mkNonCanonical (CtGiven { ctev_evar = ev_id , ctev_pred = evVarPred ev_id , ctev_loc = loc }) go givens = do { solveSimples (listToBag givens) ; new_givens <- runTcPluginsGiven ; when (notNull new_givens) (go new_givens) } solveSimpleWanteds :: Cts -> TcS WantedConstraints -- NB: 'simples' may contain /derived/ equalities, floated -- out from a nested implication. So don't discard deriveds! solveSimpleWanteds simples = do { traceTcS "solveSimples {" (ppr simples) ; dflags <- getDynFlags ; (n,wc) <- go 1 (solverIterations dflags) (emptyWC { wc_simple = simples }) ; traceTcS "solveSimples end }" $ vcat [ ptext (sLit "iterations =") <+> ppr n , ptext (sLit "residual =") <+> ppr wc ] ; return wc } where go :: Int -> IntWithInf -> WantedConstraints -> TcS (Int, WantedConstraints) go n limit wc | n `intGtLimit` limit = failTcS (hang (ptext (sLit "solveSimpleWanteds: too many iterations") <+> parens (ptext (sLit "limit =") <+> ppr limit)) 2 (vcat [ ptext (sLit "Set limit with -fsolver-iterations=n; n=0 for no limit") , ptext (sLit "Simples =") <+> ppr simples , ptext (sLit "WC =") <+> ppr wc ])) | isEmptyBag (wc_simple wc) = return (n,wc) | otherwise = do { -- Solve (unif_count, wc1) <- solve_simple_wanteds wc -- Run plugins ; (rerun_plugin, wc2) <- runTcPluginsWanted wc1 -- See Note [Running plugins on unflattened wanteds] ; if unif_count == 0 && not rerun_plugin then return (n, wc2) -- Done else do { traceTcS "solveSimple going round again:" (ppr rerun_plugin) ; go (n+1) limit wc2 } } -- Loop solve_simple_wanteds :: WantedConstraints -> TcS (Int, WantedConstraints) -- Try solving these constraints -- Affects the unification state (of course) but not the inert set solve_simple_wanteds (WC { wc_simple = simples1, wc_insol = insols1, wc_impl = implics1 }) = nestTcS $ do { solveSimples simples1 ; (implics2, tv_eqs, fun_eqs, insols2, others) <- getUnsolvedInerts ; (unif_count, unflattened_eqs) <- reportUnifications $ unflatten tv_eqs fun_eqs -- See Note [Unflatten after solving the simple wanteds] ; return ( unif_count , WC { wc_simple = others `andCts` unflattened_eqs , wc_insol = insols1 `andCts` insols2 , wc_impl = implics1 `unionBags` implics2 }) } {- Note [The solveSimpleWanteds loop] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Solving a bunch of simple constraints is done in a loop, (the 'go' loop of 'solveSimpleWanteds'): 1. Try to solve them; unflattening may lead to improvement that was not exploitable during solving 2. Try the plugin 3. If step 1 did improvement during unflattening; or if the plugin wants to run again, go back to step 1 Non-obviously, improvement can also take place during the unflattening that takes place in step (1). See TcFlatten, See Note [Unflattening can force the solver to iterate] -} -- The main solver loop implements Note [Basic Simplifier Plan] --------------------------------------------------------------- solveSimples :: Cts -> TcS () -- Returns the final InertSet in TcS -- Has no effect on work-list or residual-implications -- The constraints are initially examined in left-to-right order solveSimples cts = {-# SCC "solveSimples" #-} do { updWorkListTcS (\wl -> foldrBag extendWorkListCt wl cts) ; solve_loop } where solve_loop = {-# SCC "solve_loop" #-} do { sel <- selectNextWorkItem ; case sel of Nothing -> return () Just ct -> do { runSolverPipeline thePipeline ct ; solve_loop } } -- | Extract the (inert) givens and invoke the plugins on them. -- Remove solved givens from the inert set and emit insolubles, but -- return new work produced so that 'solveSimpleGivens' can feed it back -- into the main solver. runTcPluginsGiven :: TcS [Ct] runTcPluginsGiven = do { plugins <- getTcPlugins ; if null plugins then return [] else do { givens <- getInertGivens ; if null givens then return [] else do { p <- runTcPlugins plugins (givens,[],[]) ; let (solved_givens, _, _) = pluginSolvedCts p ; updInertCans (removeInertCts solved_givens) ; mapM_ emitInsoluble (pluginBadCts p) ; return (pluginNewCts p) } } } -- | Given a bag of (flattened, zonked) wanteds, invoke the plugins on -- them and produce an updated bag of wanteds (possibly with some new -- work) and a bag of insolubles. The boolean indicates whether -- 'solveSimpleWanteds' should feed the updated wanteds back into the -- main solver. runTcPluginsWanted :: WantedConstraints -> TcS (Bool, WantedConstraints) runTcPluginsWanted wc@(WC { wc_simple = simples1, wc_insol = insols1, wc_impl = implics1 }) | isEmptyBag simples1 = return (False, wc) | otherwise = do { plugins <- getTcPlugins ; if null plugins then return (False, wc) else do { given <- getInertGivens ; simples1 <- zonkSimples simples1 -- Plugin requires zonked inputs ; let (wanted, derived) = partition isWantedCt (bagToList simples1) ; p <- runTcPlugins plugins (given, derived, wanted) ; let (_, _, solved_wanted) = pluginSolvedCts p (_, unsolved_derived, unsolved_wanted) = pluginInputCts p new_wanted = pluginNewCts p -- SLPJ: I'm deeply suspicious of this -- ; updInertCans (removeInertCts $ solved_givens ++ solved_deriveds) ; mapM_ setEv solved_wanted ; return ( notNull (pluginNewCts p) , WC { wc_simple = listToBag new_wanted `andCts` listToBag unsolved_wanted `andCts` listToBag unsolved_derived , wc_insol = listToBag (pluginBadCts p) `andCts` insols1 , wc_impl = implics1 } ) } } where setEv :: (EvTerm,Ct) -> TcS () setEv (ev,ct) = case ctEvidence ct of CtWanted {ctev_evar = evar} -> setWantedEvBind evar ev _ -> panic "runTcPluginsWanted.setEv: attempt to solve non-wanted!" -- | A triple of (given, derived, wanted) constraints to pass to plugins type SplitCts = ([Ct], [Ct], [Ct]) -- | A solved triple of constraints, with evidence for wanteds type SolvedCts = ([Ct], [Ct], [(EvTerm,Ct)]) -- | Represents collections of constraints generated by typechecker -- plugins data TcPluginProgress = TcPluginProgress { pluginInputCts :: SplitCts -- ^ Original inputs to the plugins with solved/bad constraints -- removed, but otherwise unmodified , pluginSolvedCts :: SolvedCts -- ^ Constraints solved by plugins , pluginBadCts :: [Ct] -- ^ Constraints reported as insoluble by plugins , pluginNewCts :: [Ct] -- ^ New constraints emitted by plugins } getTcPlugins :: TcS [TcPluginSolver] getTcPlugins = do { tcg_env <- getGblEnv; return (tcg_tc_plugins tcg_env) } -- | Starting from a triple of (given, derived, wanted) constraints, -- invoke each of the typechecker plugins in turn and return -- -- * the remaining unmodified constraints, -- * constraints that have been solved, -- * constraints that are insoluble, and -- * new work. -- -- Note that new work generated by one plugin will not be seen by -- other plugins on this pass (but the main constraint solver will be -- re-invoked and they will see it later). There is no check that new -- work differs from the original constraints supplied to the plugin: -- the plugin itself should perform this check if necessary. runTcPlugins :: [TcPluginSolver] -> SplitCts -> TcS TcPluginProgress runTcPlugins plugins all_cts = foldM do_plugin initialProgress plugins where do_plugin :: TcPluginProgress -> TcPluginSolver -> TcS TcPluginProgress do_plugin p solver = do result <- runTcPluginTcS (uncurry3 solver (pluginInputCts p)) return $ progress p result progress :: TcPluginProgress -> TcPluginResult -> TcPluginProgress progress p (TcPluginContradiction bad_cts) = p { pluginInputCts = discard bad_cts (pluginInputCts p) , pluginBadCts = bad_cts ++ pluginBadCts p } progress p (TcPluginOk solved_cts new_cts) = p { pluginInputCts = discard (map snd solved_cts) (pluginInputCts p) , pluginSolvedCts = add solved_cts (pluginSolvedCts p) , pluginNewCts = new_cts ++ pluginNewCts p } initialProgress = TcPluginProgress all_cts ([], [], []) [] [] discard :: [Ct] -> SplitCts -> SplitCts discard cts (xs, ys, zs) = (xs `without` cts, ys `without` cts, zs `without` cts) without :: [Ct] -> [Ct] -> [Ct] without = deleteFirstsBy eqCt eqCt :: Ct -> Ct -> Bool eqCt c c' = case (ctEvidence c, ctEvidence c') of (CtGiven pred _ _, CtGiven pred' _ _) -> pred `eqType` pred' (CtWanted pred _ _, CtWanted pred' _ _) -> pred `eqType` pred' (CtDerived pred _ , CtDerived pred' _ ) -> pred `eqType` pred' (_ , _ ) -> False add :: [(EvTerm,Ct)] -> SolvedCts -> SolvedCts add xs scs = foldl' addOne scs xs addOne :: SolvedCts -> (EvTerm,Ct) -> SolvedCts addOne (givens, deriveds, wanteds) (ev,ct) = case ctEvidence ct of CtGiven {} -> (ct:givens, deriveds, wanteds) CtDerived{} -> (givens, ct:deriveds, wanteds) CtWanted {} -> (givens, deriveds, (ev,ct):wanteds) type WorkItem = Ct type SimplifierStage = WorkItem -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) runSolverPipeline :: [(String,SimplifierStage)] -- The pipeline -> WorkItem -- The work item -> TcS () -- Run this item down the pipeline, leaving behind new work and inerts runSolverPipeline pipeline workItem = do { initial_is <- getTcSInerts ; traceTcS "Start solver pipeline {" $ vcat [ ptext (sLit "work item = ") <+> ppr workItem , ptext (sLit "inerts = ") <+> ppr initial_is] ; bumpStepCountTcS -- One step for each constraint processed ; final_res <- run_pipeline pipeline (ContinueWith workItem) ; final_is <- getTcSInerts ; case final_res of Stop ev s -> do { traceFireTcS ev s ; traceTcS "End solver pipeline (discharged) }" (ptext (sLit "inerts =") <+> ppr final_is) ; return () } ContinueWith ct -> do { traceFireTcS (ctEvidence ct) (ptext (sLit "Kept as inert")) ; traceTcS "End solver pipeline (kept as inert) }" $ vcat [ ptext (sLit "final_item =") <+> ppr ct , pprTvBndrs (varSetElems $ tyVarsOfCt ct) , ptext (sLit "inerts =") <+> ppr final_is] ; addInertCan ct } } where run_pipeline :: [(String,SimplifierStage)] -> StopOrContinue Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) run_pipeline [] res = return res run_pipeline _ (Stop ev s) = return (Stop ev s) run_pipeline ((stg_name,stg):stgs) (ContinueWith ct) = do { traceTcS ("runStage " ++ stg_name ++ " {") (text "workitem = " <+> ppr ct) ; res <- stg ct ; traceTcS ("end stage " ++ stg_name ++ " }") empty ; run_pipeline stgs res } {- Example 1: Inert: {c ~ d, F a ~ t, b ~ Int, a ~ ty} (all given) Reagent: a ~ [b] (given) React with (c~d) ==> IR (ContinueWith (a~[b])) True [] React with (F a ~ t) ==> IR (ContinueWith (a~[b])) False [F [b] ~ t] React with (b ~ Int) ==> IR (ContinueWith (a~[Int]) True [] Example 2: Inert: {c ~w d, F a ~g t, b ~w Int, a ~w ty} Reagent: a ~w [b] React with (c ~w d) ==> IR (ContinueWith (a~[b])) True [] React with (F a ~g t) ==> IR (ContinueWith (a~[b])) True [] (can't rewrite given with wanted!) etc. Example 3: Inert: {a ~ Int, F Int ~ b} (given) Reagent: F a ~ b (wanted) React with (a ~ Int) ==> IR (ContinueWith (F Int ~ b)) True [] React with (F Int ~ b) ==> IR Stop True [] -- after substituting we re-canonicalize and get nothing -} thePipeline :: [(String,SimplifierStage)] thePipeline = [ ("canonicalization", TcCanonical.canonicalize) , ("interact with inerts", interactWithInertsStage) , ("top-level reactions", topReactionsStage) ] {- ********************************************************************************* * * The interact-with-inert Stage * * ********************************************************************************* Note [The Solver Invariant] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ We always add Givens first. So you might think that the solver has the invariant If the work-item is Given, then the inert item must Given But this isn't quite true. Suppose we have, c1: [W] beta ~ [alpha], c2 : [W] blah, c3 :[W] alpha ~ Int After processing the first two, we get c1: [G] beta ~ [alpha], c2 : [W] blah Now, c3 does not interact with the the given c1, so when we spontaneously solve c3, we must re-react it with the inert set. So we can attempt a reaction between inert c2 [W] and work-item c3 [G]. It *is* true that [Solver Invariant] If the work-item is Given, AND there is a reaction then the inert item must Given or, equivalently, If the work-item is Given, and the inert item is Wanted/Derived then there is no reaction -} -- Interaction result of WorkItem <~> Ct type StopNowFlag = Bool -- True <=> stop after this interaction interactWithInertsStage :: WorkItem -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- Precondition: if the workitem is a CTyEqCan then it will not be able to -- react with anything at this stage. interactWithInertsStage wi = do { inerts <- getTcSInerts ; let ics = inert_cans inerts ; case wi of CTyEqCan {} -> interactTyVarEq ics wi CFunEqCan {} -> interactFunEq ics wi CIrredEvCan {} -> interactIrred ics wi CDictCan {} -> interactDict ics wi _ -> pprPanic "interactWithInerts" (ppr wi) } -- CHoleCan are put straight into inert_frozen, so never get here -- CNonCanonical have been canonicalised data InteractResult = IRKeep -- Keep the existing inert constraint in the inert set | IRReplace -- Replace the existing inert constraint with the work item | IRDelete -- Delete the existing inert constraint from the inert set instance Outputable InteractResult where ppr IRKeep = ptext (sLit "keep") ppr IRReplace = ptext (sLit "replace") ppr IRDelete = ptext (sLit "delete") solveOneFromTheOther :: CtEvidence -- Inert -> CtEvidence -- WorkItem -> TcS (InteractResult, StopNowFlag) -- Preconditions: -- 1) inert and work item represent evidence for the /same/ predicate -- 2) ip/class/irred evidence (no coercions) only solveOneFromTheOther ev_i ev_w | isDerived ev_w -- Work item is Derived; just discard it = return (IRKeep, True) | isDerived ev_i -- The inert item is Derived, we can just throw it away, = return (IRDelete, False) -- The ev_w is inert wrt earlier inert-set items, -- so it's safe to continue on from this point | CtWanted { ctev_loc = loc_w } <- ev_w , prohibitedSuperClassSolve (ctEvLoc ev_i) loc_w = return (IRDelete, False) | CtWanted { ctev_evar = ev_id } <- ev_w -- Inert is Given or Wanted = do { setWantedEvBind ev_id (ctEvTerm ev_i) ; return (IRKeep, True) } | CtWanted { ctev_loc = loc_i } <- ev_i -- Work item is Given , prohibitedSuperClassSolve (ctEvLoc ev_w) loc_i = return (IRKeep, False) -- Just discard the un-usable Given -- This never actually happens because -- Givens get processed first | CtWanted { ctev_evar = ev_id } <- ev_i -- Work item is Given = do { setWantedEvBind ev_id (ctEvTerm ev_w) ; return (IRReplace, True) } -- So they are both Given -- See Note [Replacement vs keeping] | lvl_i == lvl_w = do { binds <- getTcEvBindsMap ; return (same_level_strategy binds, True) } | otherwise -- Both are Given, levels differ = return (different_level_strategy, True) where pred = ctEvPred ev_i loc_i = ctEvLoc ev_i loc_w = ctEvLoc ev_w lvl_i = ctLocLevel loc_i lvl_w = ctLocLevel loc_w different_level_strategy | isIPPred pred, lvl_w > lvl_i = IRReplace | lvl_w < lvl_i = IRReplace | otherwise = IRKeep same_level_strategy binds -- Both Given | GivenOrigin (InstSC s_i) <- ctLocOrigin loc_i = case ctLocOrigin loc_w of GivenOrigin (InstSC s_w) | s_w < s_i -> IRReplace | otherwise -> IRKeep _ -> IRReplace | GivenOrigin (InstSC {}) <- ctLocOrigin loc_w = IRKeep | has_binding binds ev_w , not (has_binding binds ev_i) = IRReplace | otherwise = IRKeep has_binding binds ev = isJust (lookupEvBind binds (ctEvId ev)) {- Note [Replacement vs keeping] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When we have two Given constraints both of type (C tys), say, which should we keep? More subtle than you might think! * Constraints come from different levels (different_level_strategy) - For implicit parameters we want to keep the innermost (deepest) one, so that it overrides the outer one. See Note [Shadowing of Implicit Parameters] - For everything else, we want to keep the outermost one. Reason: that makes it more likely that the inner one will turn out to be unused, and can be reported as redundant. See Note [Tracking redundant constraints] in TcSimplify. It transpires that using the outermost one is reponsible for an 8% performance improvement in nofib cryptarithm2, compared to just rolling the dice. I didn't investigate why. * Constaints coming from the same level (i.e. same implication) - Always get rid of InstSC ones if possible, since they are less useful for solving. If both are InstSC, choose the one with the smallest TypeSize See Note [Solving superclass constraints] in TcInstDcls - Keep the one that has a non-trivial evidence binding. Note [Tracking redundant constraints] again. Example: f :: (Eq a, Ord a) => blah then we may find [G] sc_sel (d1::Ord a) :: Eq a [G] d2 :: Eq a We want to discard d2 in favour of the superclass selection from the Ord dictionary. * Finally, when there is still a choice, use IRKeep rather than IRReplace, to avoid unnecessary munging of the inert set. Doing the depth-check for implicit parameters, rather than making the work item always overrride, is important. Consider data T a where { T1 :: (?x::Int) => T Int; T2 :: T a } f :: (?x::a) => T a -> Int f T1 = ?x f T2 = 3 We have a [G] (?x::a) in the inert set, and at the pattern match on T1 we add two new givens in the work-list: [G] (?x::Int) [G] (a ~ Int) Now consider these steps - process a~Int, kicking out (?x::a) - process (?x::Int), the inner given, adding to inert set - process (?x::a), the outer given, overriding the inner given Wrong! The depth-check ensures that the inner implicit parameter wins. (Actually I think that the order in which the work-list is processed means that this chain of events won't happen, but that's very fragile.) ********************************************************************************* * * interactIrred * * ********************************************************************************* -} -- Two pieces of irreducible evidence: if their types are *exactly identical* -- we can rewrite them. We can never improve using this: -- if we want ty1 :: Constraint and have ty2 :: Constraint it clearly does not -- mean that (ty1 ~ ty2) interactIrred :: InertCans -> Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) interactIrred inerts workItem@(CIrredEvCan { cc_ev = ev_w }) | let pred = ctEvPred ev_w (matching_irreds, others) = partitionBag (\ct -> ctPred ct `tcEqType` pred) (inert_irreds inerts) , (ct_i : rest) <- bagToList matching_irreds , let ctev_i = ctEvidence ct_i = ASSERT( null rest ) do { (inert_effect, stop_now) <- solveOneFromTheOther ctev_i ev_w ; case inert_effect of IRKeep -> return () IRDelete -> updInertIrreds (\_ -> others) IRReplace -> updInertIrreds (\_ -> others `snocCts` workItem) -- These const upd's assume that solveOneFromTheOther -- has no side effects on InertCans ; if stop_now then return (Stop ev_w (ptext (sLit "Irred equal") <+> parens (ppr inert_effect))) ; else continueWith workItem } | otherwise = continueWith workItem interactIrred _ wi = pprPanic "interactIrred" (ppr wi) {- ********************************************************************************* * * interactDict * * ********************************************************************************* -} interactDict :: InertCans -> Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) interactDict inerts workItem@(CDictCan { cc_ev = ev_w, cc_class = cls, cc_tyargs = tys }) -- don't ever try to solve CallStack IPs directly from other dicts, -- we always build new dicts instead. -- See Note [Overview of implicit CallStacks] | Just mkEvCs <- isCallStackIP (ctEvLoc ev_w) cls tys , isWanted ev_w = do let ev_cs = case lookupInertDict inerts cls tys of Just ev | isGiven ev -> mkEvCs (ctEvTerm ev) _ -> mkEvCs (EvCallStack EvCsEmpty) -- now we have ev_cs :: CallStack, but the evidence term should -- be a dictionary, so we have to coerce ev_cs to a -- dictionary for `IP ip CallStack` let ip_ty = mkClassPred cls tys let ev_tm = mkEvCast (EvCallStack ev_cs) (TcCoercion $ wrapIP ip_ty) addSolvedDict ev_w cls tys setWantedEvBind (ctEvId ev_w) ev_tm stopWith ev_w "Wanted CallStack IP" | Just ctev_i <- lookupInertDict inerts cls tys = do { (inert_effect, stop_now) <- solveOneFromTheOther ctev_i ev_w ; case inert_effect of IRKeep -> return () IRDelete -> updInertDicts $ \ ds -> delDict ds cls tys IRReplace -> updInertDicts $ \ ds -> addDict ds cls tys workItem ; if stop_now then return (Stop ev_w (ptext (sLit "Dict equal") <+> parens (ppr inert_effect))) else continueWith workItem } | cls == ipClass , isGiven ev_w = interactGivenIP inerts workItem | otherwise = do { addFunDepWork inerts ev_w cls ; continueWith workItem } interactDict _ wi = pprPanic "interactDict" (ppr wi) addFunDepWork :: InertCans -> CtEvidence -> Class -> TcS () -- Add derived constraints from type-class functional dependencies. addFunDepWork inerts work_ev cls = mapBagM_ add_fds (findDictsByClass (inert_dicts inerts) cls) -- No need to check flavour; fundeps work between -- any pair of constraints, regardless of flavour -- Importantly we don't throw workitem back in the -- worklist because this can cause loops (see #5236) where work_pred = ctEvPred work_ev work_loc = ctEvLoc work_ev add_fds inert_ct = emitFunDepDeriveds $ improveFromAnother derived_loc inert_pred work_pred -- We don't really rewrite tys2, see below _rewritten_tys2, so that's ok -- NB: We do create FDs for given to report insoluble equations that arise -- from pairs of Givens, and also because of floating when we approximate -- implications. The relevant test is: typecheck/should_fail/FDsFromGivens.hs where inert_pred = ctPred inert_ct inert_loc = ctLoc inert_ct derived_loc = work_loc { ctl_origin = FunDepOrigin1 work_pred work_loc inert_pred inert_loc } {- ********************************************************************************* * * Implicit parameters * * ********************************************************************************* -} interactGivenIP :: InertCans -> Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- Work item is Given (?x:ty) -- See Note [Shadowing of Implicit Parameters] interactGivenIP inerts workItem@(CDictCan { cc_ev = ev, cc_class = cls , cc_tyargs = tys@(ip_str:_) }) = do { updInertCans $ \cans -> cans { inert_dicts = addDict filtered_dicts cls tys workItem } ; stopWith ev "Given IP" } where dicts = inert_dicts inerts ip_dicts = findDictsByClass dicts cls other_ip_dicts = filterBag (not . is_this_ip) ip_dicts filtered_dicts = addDictsByClass dicts cls other_ip_dicts -- Pick out any Given constraints for the same implicit parameter is_this_ip (CDictCan { cc_ev = ev, cc_tyargs = ip_str':_ }) = isGiven ev && ip_str `tcEqType` ip_str' is_this_ip _ = False interactGivenIP _ wi = pprPanic "interactGivenIP" (ppr wi) {- Note [Shadowing of Implicit Parameters] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Consider the following example: f :: (?x :: Char) => Char f = let ?x = 'a' in ?x The "let ?x = ..." generates an implication constraint of the form: ?x :: Char => ?x :: Char Furthermore, the signature for `f` also generates an implication constraint, so we end up with the following nested implication: ?x :: Char => (?x :: Char => ?x :: Char) Note that the wanted (?x :: Char) constraint may be solved in two incompatible ways: either by using the parameter from the signature, or by using the local definition. Our intention is that the local definition should "shadow" the parameter of the signature, and we implement this as follows: when we add a new *given* implicit parameter to the inert set, it replaces any existing givens for the same implicit parameter. This works for the normal cases but it has an odd side effect in some pathological programs like this: -- This is accepted, the second parameter shadows f1 :: (?x :: Int, ?x :: Char) => Char f1 = ?x -- This is rejected, the second parameter shadows f2 :: (?x :: Int, ?x :: Char) => Int f2 = ?x Both of these are actually wrong: when we try to use either one, we'll get two incompatible wnated constraints (?x :: Int, ?x :: Char), which would lead to an error. I can think of two ways to fix this: 1. Simply disallow multiple constratits for the same implicit parameter---this is never useful, and it can be detected completely syntactically. 2. Move the shadowing machinery to the location where we nest implications, and add some code here that will produce an error if we get multiple givens for the same implicit parameter. ********************************************************************************* * * interactFunEq * * ********************************************************************************* -} interactFunEq :: InertCans -> Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- Try interacting the work item with the inert set interactFunEq inerts workItem@(CFunEqCan { cc_ev = ev, cc_fun = tc , cc_tyargs = args, cc_fsk = fsk }) | Just (CFunEqCan { cc_ev = ev_i, cc_fsk = fsk_i }) <- matching_inerts = if ev_i `canDischarge` ev then -- Rewrite work-item using inert do { traceTcS "reactFunEq (discharge work item):" $ vcat [ text "workItem =" <+> ppr workItem , text "inertItem=" <+> ppr ev_i ] ; reactFunEq ev_i fsk_i ev fsk ; stopWith ev "Inert rewrites work item" } else -- Rewrite inert using work-item ASSERT2( ev `canDischarge` ev_i, ppr ev $$ ppr ev_i ) do { traceTcS "reactFunEq (rewrite inert item):" $ vcat [ text "workItem =" <+> ppr workItem , text "inertItem=" <+> ppr ev_i ] ; updInertFunEqs $ \ feqs -> insertFunEq feqs tc args workItem -- Do the updInertFunEqs before the reactFunEq, so that -- we don't kick out the inertItem as well as consuming it! ; reactFunEq ev fsk ev_i fsk_i ; stopWith ev "Work item rewrites inert" } | otherwise -- Try improvement = do { improveLocalFunEqs loc inerts tc args fsk ; continueWith workItem } where loc = ctEvLoc ev funeqs = inert_funeqs inerts matching_inerts = findFunEqs funeqs tc args interactFunEq _ workItem = pprPanic "interactFunEq" (ppr workItem) improveLocalFunEqs :: CtLoc -> InertCans -> TyCon -> [TcType] -> TcTyVar -> TcS () -- Generate derived improvement equalities, by comparing -- the current work item with inert CFunEqs -- E.g. x + y ~ z, x + y' ~ z => [D] y ~ y' improveLocalFunEqs loc inerts fam_tc args fsk | not (null improvement_eqns) = do { traceTcS "interactFunEq improvements: " $ vcat [ ptext (sLit "Eqns:") <+> ppr improvement_eqns , ptext (sLit "Candidates:") <+> ppr funeqs_for_tc , ptext (sLit "TvEqs:") <+> ppr tv_eqs ] ; mapM_ (unifyDerived loc Nominal) improvement_eqns } | otherwise = return () where tv_eqs = inert_model inerts funeqs = inert_funeqs inerts funeqs_for_tc = findFunEqsByTyCon funeqs fam_tc rhs = lookupFlattenTyVar tv_eqs fsk -------------------- improvement_eqns | Just ops <- isBuiltInSynFamTyCon_maybe fam_tc = -- Try built-in families, notably for arithmethic concatMap (do_one_built_in ops) funeqs_for_tc | Injective injective_args <- familyTyConInjectivityInfo fam_tc = -- Try improvement from type families with injectivity annotations concatMap (do_one_injective injective_args) funeqs_for_tc | otherwise = [] -------------------- do_one_built_in ops (CFunEqCan { cc_tyargs = iargs, cc_fsk = ifsk }) = sfInteractInert ops args rhs iargs (lookupFlattenTyVar tv_eqs ifsk) do_one_built_in _ _ = pprPanic "interactFunEq 1" (ppr fam_tc) -------------------- -- See Note [Type inference for type families with injectivity] do_one_injective injective_args (CFunEqCan { cc_tyargs = iargs, cc_fsk = ifsk }) | rhs `tcEqType` lookupFlattenTyVar tv_eqs ifsk = [Pair arg iarg | (arg, iarg, True) <- zip3 args iargs injective_args ] | otherwise = [] do_one_injective _ _ = pprPanic "interactFunEq 2" (ppr fam_tc) ------------- lookupFlattenTyVar :: InertModel -> TcTyVar -> TcType -- ^ Look up a flatten-tyvar in the inert nominal TyVarEqs; -- this is used only when dealing with a CFunEqCan lookupFlattenTyVar model ftv = case lookupVarEnv model ftv of Just (CTyEqCan { cc_rhs = rhs, cc_eq_rel = NomEq }) -> rhs _ -> mkTyVarTy ftv reactFunEq :: CtEvidence -> TcTyVar -- From this :: F tys ~ fsk1 -> CtEvidence -> TcTyVar -- Solve this :: F tys ~ fsk2 -> TcS () reactFunEq from_this fsk1 (CtGiven { ctev_evar = evar, ctev_loc = loc }) fsk2 = do { let fsk_eq_co = mkTcSymCo (mkTcCoVarCo evar) `mkTcTransCo` ctEvCoercion from_this -- :: fsk2 ~ fsk1 fsk_eq_pred = mkTcEqPred (mkTyVarTy fsk2) (mkTyVarTy fsk1) ; new_ev <- newGivenEvVar loc (fsk_eq_pred, EvCoercion fsk_eq_co) ; emitWorkNC [new_ev] } reactFunEq from_this fuv1 ev fuv2 = do { traceTcS "reactFunEq" (ppr from_this $$ ppr fuv1 $$ ppr ev $$ ppr fuv2) ; dischargeFmv ev fuv2 (ctEvCoercion from_this) (mkTyVarTy fuv1) ; traceTcS "reactFunEq done" (ppr from_this $$ ppr fuv1 $$ ppr ev $$ ppr fuv2) } {- Note [Type inference for type families with injectivity] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Suppose we have a type family with an injectivity annotation: type family F a b = r | r -> b Then if we have two CFunEqCan constraints for F with the same RHS F s1 t1 ~ rhs F s2 t2 ~ rhs then we can use the injectivity to get a new Derived constraint on the injective argument [D] t1 ~ t2 That in turn can help GHC solve constraints that would otherwise require guessing. For example, consider the ambiguity check for f :: F Int b -> Int We get the constraint [W] F Int b ~ F Int beta where beta is a unification variable. Injectivity lets us pick beta ~ b. Injectivity information is also used at the call sites. For example: g = f True gives rise to [W] F Int b ~ Bool from which we can derive b. This requires looking at the defining equations of a type family, ie. finding equation with a matching RHS (Bool in this example) and infering values of type variables (b in this example) from the LHS patterns of the matching equation. For closed type families we have to perform additional apartness check for the selected equation to check that the selected is guaranteed to fire for given LHS arguments. These new constraints are simply *Derived* constraints; they have no evidence. We could go further and offer evidence from decomposing injective type-function applications, but that would require new evidence forms, and an extension to FC, so we don't do that right now (Dec 14). See also Note [Injective type families] in TyCon Note [Cache-caused loops] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ It is very dangerous to cache a rewritten wanted family equation as 'solved' in our solved cache (which is the default behaviour or xCtEvidence), because the interaction may not be contributing towards a solution. Here is an example: Initial inert set: [W] g1 : F a ~ beta1 Work item: [W] g2 : F a ~ beta2 The work item will react with the inert yielding the _same_ inert set plus: i) Will set g2 := g1 `cast` g3 ii) Will add to our solved cache that [S] g2 : F a ~ beta2 iii) Will emit [W] g3 : beta1 ~ beta2 Now, the g3 work item will be spontaneously solved to [G] g3 : beta1 ~ beta2 and then it will react the item in the inert ([W] g1 : F a ~ beta1). So it will set g1 := g ; sym g3 and what is g? Well it would ideally be a new goal of type (F a ~ beta2) but remember that we have this in our solved cache, and it is ... g2! In short we created the evidence loop: g2 := g1 ; g3 g3 := refl g1 := g2 ; sym g3 To avoid this situation we do not cache as solved any workitems (or inert) which did not really made a 'step' towards proving some goal. Solved's are just an optimization so we don't lose anything in terms of completeness of solving. Note [Efficient Orientation] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Suppose we are interacting two FunEqCans with the same LHS: (inert) ci :: (F ty ~ xi_i) (work) cw :: (F ty ~ xi_w) We prefer to keep the inert (else we pass the work item on down the pipeline, which is a bit silly). If we keep the inert, we will (a) discharge 'cw' (b) produce a new equality work-item (xi_w ~ xi_i) Notice the orientation (xi_w ~ xi_i) NOT (xi_i ~ xi_w): new_work :: xi_w ~ xi_i cw := ci ; sym new_work Why? Consider the simplest case when xi1 is a type variable. If we generate xi1~xi2, porcessing that constraint will kick out 'ci'. If we generate xi2~xi1, there is less chance of that happening. Of course it can and should still happen if xi1=a, xi1=Int, say. But we want to avoid it happening needlessly. Similarly, if we *can't* keep the inert item (because inert is Wanted, and work is Given, say), we prefer to orient the new equality (xi_i ~ xi_w). Note [Carefully solve the right CFunEqCan] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ---- OLD COMMENT, NOW NOT NEEDED ---- because we now allow multiple ---- wanted FunEqs with the same head Consider the constraints c1 :: F Int ~ a -- Arising from an application line 5 c2 :: F Int ~ Bool -- Arising from an application line 10 Suppose that 'a' is a unification variable, arising only from flattening. So there is no error on line 5; it's just a flattening variable. But there is (or might be) an error on line 10. Two ways to combine them, leaving either (Plan A) c1 :: F Int ~ a -- Arising from an application line 5 c3 :: a ~ Bool -- Arising from an application line 10 or (Plan B) c2 :: F Int ~ Bool -- Arising from an application line 10 c4 :: a ~ Bool -- Arising from an application line 5 Plan A will unify c3, leaving c1 :: F Int ~ Bool as an error on the *totally innocent* line 5. An example is test SimpleFail16 where the expected/actual message comes out backwards if we use the wrong plan. The second is the right thing to do. Hence the isMetaTyVarTy test when solving pairwise CFunEqCan. ********************************************************************************* * * interactTyVarEq * * ********************************************************************************* -} interactTyVarEq :: InertCans -> Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- CTyEqCans are always consumed, so always returns Stop interactTyVarEq inerts workItem@(CTyEqCan { cc_tyvar = tv , cc_rhs = rhs , cc_ev = ev , cc_eq_rel = eq_rel }) | (ev_i : _) <- [ ev_i | CTyEqCan { cc_ev = ev_i, cc_rhs = rhs_i } <- findTyEqs inerts tv , ev_i `canDischarge` ev , rhs_i `tcEqType` rhs ] = -- Inert: a ~ b -- Work item: a ~ b do { setEvBindIfWanted ev (ctEvTerm ev_i) ; stopWith ev "Solved from inert" } | Just tv_rhs <- getTyVar_maybe rhs , (ev_i : _) <- [ ev_i | CTyEqCan { cc_ev = ev_i, cc_rhs = rhs_i } <- findTyEqs inerts tv_rhs , ev_i `canDischarge` ev , rhs_i `tcEqType` mkTyVarTy tv ] = -- Inert: a ~ b -- Work item: b ~ a do { setEvBindIfWanted ev (EvCoercion (mkTcSymCo (ctEvCoercion ev_i))) ; stopWith ev "Solved from inert (r)" } | otherwise = do { tclvl <- getTcLevel ; if canSolveByUnification tclvl ev eq_rel tv rhs then do { solveByUnification ev tv rhs ; n_kicked <- kickOutAfterUnification tv ; return (Stop ev (ptext (sLit "Solved by unification") <+> ppr_kicked n_kicked)) } else do { traceTcS "Can't solve tyvar equality" (vcat [ text "LHS:" <+> ppr tv <+> dcolon <+> ppr (tyVarKind tv) , ppWhen (isMetaTyVar tv) $ nest 4 (text "TcLevel of" <+> ppr tv <+> text "is" <+> ppr (metaTyVarTcLevel tv)) , text "RHS:" <+> ppr rhs <+> dcolon <+> ppr (typeKind rhs) , text "TcLevel =" <+> ppr tclvl ]) ; addInertEq workItem ; return (Stop ev (ptext (sLit "Kept as inert"))) } } interactTyVarEq _ wi = pprPanic "interactTyVarEq" (ppr wi) -- @trySpontaneousSolve wi@ solves equalities where one side is a -- touchable unification variable. -- Returns True <=> spontaneous solve happened canSolveByUnification :: TcLevel -> CtEvidence -> EqRel -> TcTyVar -> Xi -> Bool canSolveByUnification tclvl gw eq_rel tv xi | ReprEq <- eq_rel -- we never solve representational equalities this way. = False | isGiven gw -- See Note [Touchables and givens] = False | isTouchableMetaTyVar tclvl tv = case metaTyVarInfo tv of SigTv -> is_tyvar xi _ -> True | otherwise -- Untouchable = False where is_tyvar xi = case tcGetTyVar_maybe xi of Nothing -> False Just tv -> case tcTyVarDetails tv of MetaTv { mtv_info = info } -> case info of SigTv -> True _ -> False SkolemTv {} -> True FlatSkol {} -> False RuntimeUnk -> True solveByUnification :: CtEvidence -> TcTyVar -> Xi -> TcS () -- Solve with the identity coercion -- Precondition: kind(xi) is a sub-kind of kind(tv) -- Precondition: CtEvidence is Wanted or Derived -- Precondition: CtEvidence is nominal -- Returns: workItem where -- workItem = the new Given constraint -- -- NB: No need for an occurs check here, because solveByUnification always -- arises from a CTyEqCan, a *canonical* constraint. Its invariants -- say that in (a ~ xi), the type variable a does not appear in xi. -- See TcRnTypes.Ct invariants. -- -- Post: tv is unified (by side effect) with xi; -- we often write tv := xi solveByUnification wd tv xi = do { let tv_ty = mkTyVarTy tv ; traceTcS "Sneaky unification:" $ vcat [text "Unifies:" <+> ppr tv <+> ptext (sLit ":=") <+> ppr xi, text "Coercion:" <+> pprEq tv_ty xi, text "Left Kind is:" <+> ppr (typeKind tv_ty), text "Right Kind is:" <+> ppr (typeKind xi) ] ; let xi' = defaultKind xi -- We only instantiate kind unification variables -- with simple kinds like *, not OpenKind or ArgKind -- cf TcUnify.uUnboundKVar ; unifyTyVar tv xi' ; setEvBindIfWanted wd (EvCoercion (mkTcNomReflCo xi')) } ppr_kicked :: Int -> SDoc ppr_kicked 0 = empty ppr_kicked n = parens (int n <+> ptext (sLit "kicked out")) {- Note [Avoid double unifications] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The spontaneous solver has to return a given which mentions the unified unification variable *on the left* of the equality. Here is what happens if not: Original wanted: (a ~ alpha), (alpha ~ Int) We spontaneously solve the first wanted, without changing the order! given : a ~ alpha [having unified alpha := a] Now the second wanted comes along, but he cannot rewrite the given, so we simply continue. At the end we spontaneously solve that guy, *reunifying* [alpha := Int] We avoid this problem by orienting the resulting given so that the unification variable is on the left. [Note that alternatively we could attempt to enforce this at canonicalization] See also Note [No touchables as FunEq RHS] in TcSMonad; avoiding double unifications is the main reason we disallow touchable unification variables as RHS of type family equations: F xis ~ alpha. ************************************************************************ * * * Functional dependencies, instantiation of equations * * ************************************************************************ When we spot an equality arising from a functional dependency, we now use that equality (a "wanted") to rewrite the work-item constraint right away. This avoids two dangers Danger 1: If we send the original constraint on down the pipeline it may react with an instance declaration, and in delicate situations (when a Given overlaps with an instance) that may produce new insoluble goals: see Trac #4952 Danger 2: If we don't rewrite the constraint, it may re-react with the same thing later, and produce the same equality again --> termination worries. To achieve this required some refactoring of FunDeps.hs (nicer now!). -} emitFunDepDeriveds :: [FunDepEqn CtLoc] -> TcS () emitFunDepDeriveds fd_eqns = mapM_ do_one_FDEqn fd_eqns where do_one_FDEqn (FDEqn { fd_qtvs = tvs, fd_eqs = eqs, fd_loc = loc }) | null tvs -- Common shortcut = mapM_ (unifyDerived loc Nominal) eqs | otherwise = do { (subst, _) <- instFlexiTcS tvs -- Takes account of kind substitution ; mapM_ (do_one_eq loc subst) eqs } do_one_eq loc subst (Pair ty1 ty2) = unifyDerived loc Nominal $ Pair (Type.substTy subst ty1) (Type.substTy subst ty2) {- ********************************************************************************* * * The top-reaction Stage * * ********************************************************************************* -} topReactionsStage :: WorkItem -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) topReactionsStage wi = do { tir <- doTopReact wi ; case tir of ContinueWith wi -> continueWith wi Stop ev s -> return (Stop ev (ptext (sLit "Top react:") <+> s)) } doTopReact :: WorkItem -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- The work item does not react with the inert set, so try interaction with top-level -- instances. Note: -- -- (a) The place to add superclasses in not here in doTopReact stage. -- Instead superclasses are added in the worklist as part of the -- canonicalization process. See Note [Adding superclasses]. doTopReact work_item = do { traceTcS "doTopReact" (ppr work_item) ; case work_item of CDictCan {} -> do { inerts <- getTcSInerts ; doTopReactDict inerts work_item } CFunEqCan {} -> doTopReactFunEq work_item _ -> -- Any other work item does not react with any top-level equations continueWith work_item } -------------------- doTopReactDict :: InertSet -> Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- Try to use type-class instance declarations to simplify the constraint doTopReactDict inerts work_item@(CDictCan { cc_ev = fl, cc_class = cls , cc_tyargs = xis }) | isGiven fl -- Never use instances for Given constraints = do { try_fundep_improvement ; continueWith work_item } | Just ev <- lookupSolvedDict inerts cls xis -- Cached = do { setEvBindIfWanted fl (ctEvTerm ev); ; stopWith fl "Dict/Top (cached)" } | isDerived fl -- Use type-class instances for Deriveds, in the hope -- of generating some improvements -- C.f. Example 3 of Note [The improvement story] -- It's easy because no evidence is involved = do { dflags <- getDynFlags ; lkup_inst_res <- matchClassInst dflags inerts cls xis dict_loc ; case lkup_inst_res of GenInst preds _ s -> do { emitNewDeriveds dict_loc preds ; unless s $ insertSafeOverlapFailureTcS work_item ; stopWith fl "Dict/Top (solved)" } NoInstance -> do { -- If there is no instance, try improvement try_fundep_improvement ; continueWith work_item } } | otherwise -- Wanted, but not cached = do { dflags <- getDynFlags ; lkup_inst_res <- matchClassInst dflags inerts cls xis dict_loc ; case lkup_inst_res of GenInst theta mk_ev s -> do { addSolvedDict fl cls xis ; unless s $ insertSafeOverlapFailureTcS work_item ; solve_from_instance theta mk_ev } NoInstance -> do { try_fundep_improvement ; continueWith work_item } } where dict_pred = mkClassPred cls xis dict_loc = ctEvLoc fl dict_origin = ctLocOrigin dict_loc deeper_loc = zap_origin (bumpCtLocDepth dict_loc) zap_origin loc -- After applying an instance we can set ScOrigin to -- infinity, so that prohibitedSuperClassSolve never fires | ScOrigin {} <- dict_origin = setCtLocOrigin loc (ScOrigin infinity) | otherwise = loc solve_from_instance :: [TcPredType] -> ([EvId] -> EvTerm) -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- Precondition: evidence term matches the predicate workItem solve_from_instance theta mk_ev | null theta = do { traceTcS "doTopReact/found nullary instance for" $ ppr fl ; setWantedEvBind (ctEvId fl) (mk_ev []) ; stopWith fl "Dict/Top (solved, no new work)" } | otherwise = do { checkReductionDepth deeper_loc dict_pred ; traceTcS "doTopReact/found non-nullary instance for" $ ppr fl ; evc_vars <- mapM (newWantedEvVar deeper_loc) theta ; setWantedEvBind (ctEvId fl) (mk_ev (map (ctEvId . fst) evc_vars)) ; emitWorkNC (freshGoals evc_vars) ; stopWith fl "Dict/Top (solved, more work)" } -- We didn't solve it; so try functional dependencies with -- the instance environment, and return -- See also Note [Weird fundeps] try_fundep_improvement = do { traceTcS "try_fundeps" (ppr work_item) ; instEnvs <- getInstEnvs ; emitFunDepDeriveds $ improveFromInstEnv instEnvs mk_ct_loc dict_pred } mk_ct_loc :: PredType -- From instance decl -> SrcSpan -- also from instance deol -> CtLoc mk_ct_loc inst_pred inst_loc = dict_loc { ctl_origin = FunDepOrigin2 dict_pred dict_origin inst_pred inst_loc } doTopReactDict _ w = pprPanic "doTopReactDict" (ppr w) -------------------- doTopReactFunEq :: Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) doTopReactFunEq work_item = do { fam_envs <- getFamInstEnvs ; do_top_fun_eq fam_envs work_item } do_top_fun_eq :: FamInstEnvs -> Ct -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) do_top_fun_eq fam_envs work_item@(CFunEqCan { cc_ev = old_ev, cc_fun = fam_tc , cc_tyargs = args , cc_fsk = fsk }) | Just (ax_co, rhs_ty) <- reduceTyFamApp_maybe fam_envs Nominal fam_tc args -- Look up in top-level instances, or built-in axiom -- See Note [MATCHING-SYNONYMS] = reduce_top_fun_eq old_ev fsk (TcCoercion ax_co) rhs_ty | otherwise = do { improveTopFunEqs (ctEvLoc old_ev) fam_envs fam_tc args fsk ; continueWith work_item } do_top_fun_eq _ w = pprPanic "doTopReactFunEq" (ppr w) reduce_top_fun_eq :: CtEvidence -> TcTyVar -> TcCoercion -> TcType -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- Found an applicable top-level axiom: use it to reduce reduce_top_fun_eq old_ev fsk ax_co rhs_ty | Just (tc, tc_args) <- tcSplitTyConApp_maybe rhs_ty , isTypeFamilyTyCon tc , tc_args `lengthIs` tyConArity tc -- Short-cut = shortCutReduction old_ev fsk ax_co tc tc_args -- Try shortcut; see Note [Short cut for top-level reaction] | isGiven old_ev -- Not shortcut = do { let final_co = mkTcSymCo (ctEvCoercion old_ev) `mkTcTransCo` ax_co -- final_co :: fsk ~ rhs_ty ; new_ev <- newGivenEvVar deeper_loc (mkTcEqPred (mkTyVarTy fsk) rhs_ty, EvCoercion final_co) ; emitWorkNC [new_ev] -- Non-cannonical; that will mean we flatten rhs_ty ; stopWith old_ev "Fun/Top (given)" } -- So old_ev is Wanted or Derived | not (fsk `elemVarSet` tyVarsOfType rhs_ty) = do { dischargeFmv old_ev fsk ax_co rhs_ty ; traceTcS "doTopReactFunEq" $ vcat [ text "old_ev:" <+> ppr old_ev , nest 2 (text ":=") <+> ppr ax_co ] ; stopWith old_ev "Fun/Top (wanted)" } | otherwise -- We must not assign ufsk := ...ufsk...! = do { alpha_ty <- newFlexiTcSTy (tyVarKind fsk) ; let pred = mkTcEqPred alpha_ty rhs_ty ; new_ev <- case old_ev of CtWanted {} -> do { ev <- newWantedEvVarNC loc pred ; updWorkListTcS (extendWorkListEq (mkNonCanonical ev)) ; return ev } CtDerived {} -> do { ev <- newDerivedNC loc pred ; updWorkListTcS (extendWorkListDerived loc ev) ; return ev } _ -> pprPanic "reduce_top_fun_eq" (ppr old_ev) -- By emitting this as non-canonical, we deal with all -- flattening, occurs-check, and ufsk := ufsk issues ; let final_co = ax_co `mkTcTransCo` mkTcSymCo (ctEvCoercion new_ev) -- ax_co :: fam_tc args ~ rhs_ty -- ev :: alpha ~ rhs_ty -- ufsk := alpha -- final_co :: fam_tc args ~ alpha ; dischargeFmv old_ev fsk final_co alpha_ty ; traceTcS "doTopReactFunEq (occurs)" $ vcat [ text "old_ev:" <+> ppr old_ev , nest 2 (text ":=") <+> ppr final_co , text "new_ev:" <+> ppr new_ev ] ; stopWith old_ev "Fun/Top (wanted)" } where loc = ctEvLoc old_ev deeper_loc = bumpCtLocDepth loc improveTopFunEqs :: CtLoc -> FamInstEnvs -> TyCon -> [TcType] -> TcTyVar -> TcS () improveTopFunEqs loc fam_envs fam_tc args fsk = do { model <- getInertModel ; eqns <- improve_top_fun_eqs fam_envs fam_tc args (lookupFlattenTyVar model fsk) ; mapM_ (unifyDerived loc Nominal) eqns } improve_top_fun_eqs :: FamInstEnvs -> TyCon -> [TcType] -> TcType -> TcS [Eqn] improve_top_fun_eqs fam_envs fam_tc args rhs_ty | Just ops <- isBuiltInSynFamTyCon_maybe fam_tc = return (sfInteractTop ops args rhs_ty) -- see Note [Type inference for type families with injectivity] | isOpenTypeFamilyTyCon fam_tc , Injective injective_args <- familyTyConInjectivityInfo fam_tc = -- it is possible to have several compatible equations in an open type -- family but we only want to derive equalities from one such equation. concatMapM (injImproveEqns injective_args) (take 1 $ buildImprovementData (lookupFamInstEnvByTyCon fam_envs fam_tc) fi_tys fi_rhs (const Nothing)) | Just ax <- isClosedSynFamilyTyConWithAxiom_maybe fam_tc , Injective injective_args <- familyTyConInjectivityInfo fam_tc = concatMapM (injImproveEqns injective_args) $ buildImprovementData (fromBranches (co_ax_branches ax)) cab_lhs cab_rhs Just | otherwise = return [] where buildImprovementData :: [a] -- axioms for a TF (FamInst or CoAxBranch) -> (a -> [Type]) -- get LHS of an axiom -> (a -> Type) -- get RHS of an axiom -> (a -> Maybe CoAxBranch) -- Just => apartness check required -> [( [Type], TvSubst, TyVarSet, Maybe CoAxBranch )] -- Result: -- ( [arguments of a matching axiom] -- , RHS-unifying substitution -- , axiom variables without substitution -- , Maybe matching axiom [Nothing - open TF, Just - closed TF ] ) buildImprovementData axioms axiomLHS axiomRHS wrap = [ (ax_args, subst, unsubstTvs, wrap axiom) | axiom <- axioms , let ax_args = axiomLHS axiom , let ax_rhs = axiomRHS axiom , Just subst <- [tcUnifyTyWithTFs False ax_rhs rhs_ty] , let tvs = tyVarsOfTypes ax_args notInSubst tv = not (tv `elemVarEnv` getTvSubstEnv subst) unsubstTvs = filterVarSet notInSubst tvs ] injImproveEqns :: [Bool] -> ([Type], TvSubst, TyVarSet, Maybe CoAxBranch) -> TcS [Eqn] injImproveEqns inj_args (ax_args, theta, unsubstTvs, cabr) = do (theta', _) <- instFlexiTcS (varSetElems unsubstTvs) let subst = theta `unionTvSubst` theta' return [ Pair arg (substTy subst ax_arg) | case cabr of Just cabr' -> apartnessCheck (substTys subst ax_args) cabr' _ -> True , (arg, ax_arg, True) <- zip3 args ax_args inj_args ] shortCutReduction :: CtEvidence -> TcTyVar -> TcCoercion -> TyCon -> [TcType] -> TcS (StopOrContinue Ct) -- See Note [Top-level reductions for type functions] shortCutReduction old_ev fsk ax_co fam_tc tc_args | isGiven old_ev = ASSERT( ctEvEqRel old_ev == NomEq ) do { (xis, cos) <- flattenManyNom old_ev tc_args -- ax_co :: F args ~ G tc_args -- cos :: xis ~ tc_args -- old_ev :: F args ~ fsk -- G cos ; sym ax_co ; old_ev :: G xis ~ fsk ; new_ev <- newGivenEvVar deeper_loc ( mkTcEqPred (mkTyConApp fam_tc xis) (mkTyVarTy fsk) , EvCoercion (mkTcTyConAppCo Nominal fam_tc cos `mkTcTransCo` mkTcSymCo ax_co `mkTcTransCo` ctEvCoercion old_ev) ) ; let new_ct = CFunEqCan { cc_ev = new_ev, cc_fun = fam_tc, cc_tyargs = xis, cc_fsk = fsk } ; emitWorkCt new_ct ; stopWith old_ev "Fun/Top (given, shortcut)" } | otherwise = ASSERT( not (isDerived old_ev) ) -- Caller ensures this ASSERT( ctEvEqRel old_ev == NomEq ) do { (xis, cos) <- flattenManyNom old_ev tc_args -- ax_co :: F args ~ G tc_args -- cos :: xis ~ tc_args -- G cos ; sym ax_co ; old_ev :: G xis ~ fsk -- new_ev :: G xis ~ fsk -- old_ev :: F args ~ fsk := ax_co ; sym (G cos) ; new_ev ; new_ev <- newWantedEvVarNC deeper_loc (mkTcEqPred (mkTyConApp fam_tc xis) (mkTyVarTy fsk)) ; setWantedEvBind (ctEvId old_ev) (EvCoercion (ax_co `mkTcTransCo` mkTcSymCo (mkTcTyConAppCo Nominal fam_tc cos) `mkTcTransCo` ctEvCoercion new_ev)) ; let new_ct = CFunEqCan { cc_ev = new_ev, cc_fun = fam_tc, cc_tyargs = xis, cc_fsk = fsk } ; emitWorkCt new_ct ; stopWith old_ev "Fun/Top (wanted, shortcut)" } where loc = ctEvLoc old_ev deeper_loc = bumpCtLocDepth loc dischargeFmv :: CtEvidence -> TcTyVar -> TcCoercion -> TcType -> TcS () -- (dischargeFmv x fmv co ty) -- [W] ev :: F tys ~ fmv -- co :: F tys ~ xi -- Precondition: fmv is not filled, and fuv `notElem` xi -- -- Then set fmv := xi, -- set ev := co -- kick out any inert things that are now rewritable -- -- Does not evaluate 'co' if 'ev' is Derived dischargeFmv ev fmv co xi = ASSERT2( not (fmv `elemVarSet` tyVarsOfType xi), ppr ev $$ ppr fmv $$ ppr xi ) do { setEvBindIfWanted ev (EvCoercion co) ; unflattenFmv fmv xi ; n_kicked <- kickOutAfterUnification fmv ; traceTcS "dischargeFmv" (ppr fmv <+> equals <+> ppr xi $$ ppr_kicked n_kicked) } {- Note [Top-level reductions for type functions] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ c.f. Note [The flattening story] in TcFlatten Suppose we have a CFunEqCan F tys ~ fmv/fsk, and a matching axiom. Here is what we do, in four cases: * Wanteds: general firing rule (work item) [W] x : F tys ~ fmv instantiate axiom: ax_co : F tys ~ rhs Then: Discharge fmv := alpha Discharge x := ax_co ; sym x2 New wanted [W] x2 : alpha ~ rhs (Non-canonical) This is *the* way that fmv's get unified; even though they are "untouchable". NB: it can be the case that fmv appears in the (instantiated) rhs. In that case the new Non-canonical wanted will be loopy, but that's ok. But it's good reason NOT to claim that it is canonical! * Wanteds: short cut firing rule Applies when the RHS of the axiom is another type-function application (work item) [W] x : F tys ~ fmv instantiate axiom: ax_co : F tys ~ G rhs_tys It would be a waste to create yet another fmv for (G rhs_tys). Instead (shortCutReduction): - Flatten rhs_tys (cos : rhs_tys ~ rhs_xis) - Add G rhs_xis ~ fmv to flat cache (note: the same old fmv) - New canonical wanted [W] x2 : G rhs_xis ~ fmv (CFunEqCan) - Discharge x := ax_co ; G cos ; x2 * Givens: general firing rule (work item) [G] g : F tys ~ fsk instantiate axiom: ax_co : F tys ~ rhs Now add non-canonical given (since rhs is not flat) [G] (sym g ; ax_co) : fsk ~ rhs (Non-canonical) * Givens: short cut firing rule Applies when the RHS of the axiom is another type-function application (work item) [G] g : F tys ~ fsk instantiate axiom: ax_co : F tys ~ G rhs_tys It would be a waste to create yet another fsk for (G rhs_tys). Instead (shortCutReduction): - Flatten rhs_tys: flat_cos : tys ~ flat_tys - Add new Canonical given [G] (sym (G flat_cos) ; co ; g) : G flat_tys ~ fsk (CFunEqCan) Note [Cached solved FunEqs] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When trying to solve, say (FunExpensive big-type ~ ty), it's important to see if we have reduced (FunExpensive big-type) before, lest we simply repeat it. Hence the lookup in inert_solved_funeqs. Moreover we must use `canDischarge` because both uses might (say) be Wanteds, and we *still* want to save the re-computation. Note [MATCHING-SYNONYMS] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When trying to match a dictionary (D tau) to a top-level instance, or a type family equation (F taus_1 ~ tau_2) to a top-level family instance, we do *not* need to expand type synonyms because the matcher will do that for us. Note [RHS-FAMILY-SYNONYMS] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The RHS of a family instance is represented as yet another constructor which is like a type synonym for the real RHS the programmer declared. Eg: type instance F (a,a) = [a] Becomes: :R32 a = [a] -- internal type synonym introduced F (a,a) ~ :R32 a -- instance When we react a family instance with a type family equation in the work list we keep the synonym-using RHS without expansion. Note [FunDep and implicit parameter reactions] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Currently, our story of interacting two dictionaries (or a dictionary and top-level instances) for functional dependencies, and implicit paramters, is that we simply produce new Derived equalities. So for example class D a b | a -> b where ... Inert: d1 :g D Int Bool WorkItem: d2 :w D Int alpha We generate the extra work item cv :d alpha ~ Bool where 'cv' is currently unused. However, this new item can perhaps be spontaneously solved to become given and react with d2, discharging it in favour of a new constraint d2' thus: d2' :w D Int Bool d2 := d2' |> D Int cv Now d2' can be discharged from d1 We could be more aggressive and try to *immediately* solve the dictionary using those extra equalities, but that requires those equalities to carry evidence and derived do not carry evidence. If that were the case with the same inert set and work item we might dischard d2 directly: cv :w alpha ~ Bool d2 := d1 |> D Int cv But in general it's a bit painful to figure out the necessary coercion, so we just take the first approach. Here is a better example. Consider: class C a b c | a -> b And: [Given] d1 : C T Int Char [Wanted] d2 : C T beta Int In this case, it's *not even possible* to solve the wanted immediately. So we should simply output the functional dependency and add this guy [but NOT its superclasses] back in the worklist. Even worse: [Given] d1 : C T Int beta [Wanted] d2: C T beta Int Then it is solvable, but its very hard to detect this on the spot. It's exactly the same with implicit parameters, except that the "aggressive" approach would be much easier to implement. Note [Weird fundeps] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Consider class Het a b | a -> b where het :: m (f c) -> a -> m b class GHet (a :: * -> *) (b :: * -> *) | a -> b instance GHet (K a) (K [a]) instance Het a b => GHet (K a) (K b) The two instances don't actually conflict on their fundeps, although it's pretty strange. So they are both accepted. Now try [W] GHet (K Int) (K Bool) This triggers fundeps from both instance decls; [D] K Bool ~ K [a] [D] K Bool ~ K beta And there's a risk of complaining about Bool ~ [a]. But in fact the Wanted matches the second instance, so we never get as far as the fundeps. Trac #7875 is a case in point. Note [Overriding implicit parameters] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Consider f :: (?x::a) -> Bool -> a g v = let ?x::Int = 3 in (f v, let ?x::Bool = True in f v) This should probably be well typed, with g :: Bool -> (Int, Bool) So the inner binding for ?x::Bool *overrides* the outer one. Hence a work-item Given overrides an inert-item Given. -} -- | Indicates if Instance met the Safe Haskell overlapping instances safety -- check. -- -- See Note [Safe Haskell Overlapping Instances] in TcSimplify -- See Note [Safe Haskell Overlapping Instances Implementation] in TcSimplify type SafeOverlapping = Bool data LookupInstResult = NoInstance | GenInst [TcPredType] ([EvId] -> EvTerm) SafeOverlapping instance Outputable LookupInstResult where ppr NoInstance = text "NoInstance" ppr (GenInst ev _ s) = text "GenInst" <+> ppr ev <+> ss where ss = text $ if s then "[safe]" else "[unsafe]" matchClassInst, match_class_inst :: DynFlags -> InertSet -> Class -> [Type] -> CtLoc -> TcS LookupInstResult matchClassInst dflags inerts clas tys loc = do { traceTcS "matchClassInst" $ vcat [ text "pred =" <+> ppr (mkClassPred clas tys) ] ; res <- match_class_inst dflags inerts clas tys loc ; traceTcS "matchClassInst result" $ ppr res ; return res } -- First check whether there is an in-scope Given that could -- match this constraint. In that case, do not use top-level -- instances. See Note [Instance and Given overlap] match_class_inst dflags inerts clas tys loc | not (xopt Opt_IncoherentInstances dflags) , let matchable_givens = matchableGivens loc pred inerts , not (isEmptyBag matchable_givens) = do { traceTcS "Delaying instance application" $ vcat [ text "Work item=" <+> pprType pred , text "Potential matching givens:" <+> ppr matchable_givens ] ; return NoInstance } where pred = mkClassPred clas tys match_class_inst _ _ clas [ ty ] _ | className clas == knownNatClassName , Just n <- isNumLitTy ty = makeDict (EvNum n) | className clas == knownSymbolClassName , Just s <- isStrLitTy ty = makeDict (EvStr s) where {- This adds a coercion that will convert the literal into a dictionary of the appropriate type. See Note [KnownNat & KnownSymbol and EvLit] in TcEvidence. The coercion happens in 2 steps: Integer -> SNat n -- representation of literal to singleton SNat n -> KnownNat n -- singleton to dictionary The process is mirrored for Symbols: String -> SSymbol n SSymbol n -> KnownSymbol n -} makeDict evLit | Just (_, co_dict) <- tcInstNewTyCon_maybe (classTyCon clas) [ty] -- co_dict :: KnownNat n ~ SNat n , [ meth ] <- classMethods clas , Just tcRep <- tyConAppTyCon_maybe -- SNat $ funResultTy -- SNat n $ dropForAlls -- KnownNat n => SNat n $ idType meth -- forall n. KnownNat n => SNat n , Just (_, co_rep) <- tcInstNewTyCon_maybe tcRep [ty] -- SNat n ~ Integer , let ev_tm = mkEvCast (EvLit evLit) (mkTcSymCo (mkTcTransCo co_dict co_rep)) = return $ GenInst [] (\_ -> ev_tm) True | otherwise = panicTcS (text "Unexpected evidence for" <+> ppr (className clas) $$ vcat (map (ppr . idType) (classMethods clas))) match_class_inst _ _ clas ts _ | isCTupleClass clas , let data_con = tyConSingleDataCon (classTyCon clas) tuple_ev = EvDFunApp (dataConWrapId data_con) ts = return (GenInst ts tuple_ev True) -- The dfun is the data constructor! match_class_inst _ _ clas [k,t] _ | className clas == typeableClassName = matchTypeableClass clas k t match_class_inst dflags _ clas tys loc = do { instEnvs <- getInstEnvs ; let safeOverlapCheck = safeHaskell dflags `elem` [Sf_Safe, Sf_Trustworthy] (matches, unify, unsafeOverlaps) = lookupInstEnv True instEnvs clas tys safeHaskFail = safeOverlapCheck && not (null unsafeOverlaps) ; case (matches, unify, safeHaskFail) of -- Nothing matches ([], _, _) -> do { traceTcS "matchClass not matching" $ vcat [ text "dict" <+> ppr pred ] ; return NoInstance } -- A single match (& no safe haskell failure) ([(ispec, inst_tys)], [], False) -> do { let dfun_id = instanceDFunId ispec ; traceTcS "matchClass success" $ vcat [text "dict" <+> ppr pred, text "witness" <+> ppr dfun_id <+> ppr (idType dfun_id) ] -- Record that this dfun is needed ; match_one (null unsafeOverlaps) dfun_id inst_tys } -- More than one matches (or Safe Haskell fail!). Defer any -- reactions of a multitude until we learn more about the reagent (matches, _, _) -> do { traceTcS "matchClass multiple matches, deferring choice" $ vcat [text "dict" <+> ppr pred, text "matches" <+> ppr matches] ; return NoInstance } } where pred = mkClassPred clas tys match_one :: SafeOverlapping -> DFunId -> [DFunInstType] -> TcS LookupInstResult -- See Note [DFunInstType: instantiating types] in InstEnv match_one so dfun_id mb_inst_tys = do { checkWellStagedDFun pred dfun_id loc ; (tys, theta) <- instDFunType dfun_id mb_inst_tys ; return $ GenInst theta (EvDFunApp dfun_id tys) so } {- Note [Instance and Given overlap] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Example, from the OutsideIn(X) paper: instance P x => Q [x] instance (x ~ y) => R y [x] wob :: forall a b. (Q [b], R b a) => a -> Int g :: forall a. Q [a] => [a] -> Int g x = wob x This will generate the impliation constraint: Q [a] => (Q [beta], R beta [a]) If we react (Q [beta]) with its top-level axiom, we end up with a (P beta), which we have no way of discharging. On the other hand, if we react R beta [a] with the top-level we get (beta ~ a), which is solvable and can help us rewrite (Q [beta]) to (Q [a]) which is now solvable by the given Q [a]. The solution is that: In matchClassInst (and thus in topReact), we return a matching instance only when there is no Given in the inerts which is unifiable to this particular dictionary. We treat any meta-tyvar as "unifiable" for this purpose, *including* untouchable ones The end effect is that, much as we do for overlapping instances, we delay choosing a class instance if there is a possibility of another instance OR a given to match our constraint later on. This fixes Trac #4981 and #5002. Other notes: * The check is done *first*, so that it also covers classes with built-in instance solving, such as - constraint tuples - natural numbers - Typeable * The given-overlap problem is arguably not easy to appear in practice due to our aggressive prioritization of equality solving over other constraints, but it is possible. I've added a test case in typecheck/should-compile/GivenOverlapping.hs * Another "live" example is Trac #10195; another is #10177. * We ignore the overlap problem if -XIncoherentInstances is in force: see Trac #6002 for a worked-out example where this makes a difference. * Moreover notice that our goals here are different than the goals of the top-level overlapping checks. There we are interested in validating the following principle: If we inline a function f at a site where the same global instance environment is available as the instance environment at the definition site of f then we should get the same behaviour. But for the Given Overlap check our goal is just related to completeness of constraint solving. -} -- | Is the constraint for an implicit CallStack parameter? -- i.e. (IP "name" CallStack) isCallStackIP :: CtLoc -> Class -> [Type] -> Maybe (EvTerm -> EvCallStack) isCallStackIP loc cls tys | cls == ipClass , [_ip_name, ty] <- tys , Just (tc, _) <- splitTyConApp_maybe ty , tc `hasKey` callStackTyConKey = occOrigin (ctLocOrigin loc) | otherwise = Nothing where locSpan = ctLocSpan loc -- We only want to grab constraints that arose due to the use of an IP or a -- function call. See Note [Overview of implicit CallStacks] occOrigin (OccurrenceOf n) = Just (EvCsPushCall n locSpan) occOrigin (IPOccOrigin n) = Just (EvCsTop ('?' `consFS` hsIPNameFS n) locSpan) occOrigin _ = Nothing -- | Assumes that we've checked that this is the 'Typeable' class, -- and it was applied to the correct argument. matchTypeableClass :: Class -> Kind -> Type -> TcS LookupInstResult matchTypeableClass clas k t -- See Note [No Typeable for qualified types] | isForAllTy t = return NoInstance -- Is the type of the form `C => t`? | isJust (tcSplitPredFunTy_maybe t) = return NoInstance | eqType k typeNatKind = doTyLit knownNatClassName | eqType k typeSymbolKind = doTyLit knownSymbolClassName | Just (tc, ks) <- splitTyConApp_maybe t , all isKind ks = doTyCon tc ks | Just (f,kt) <- splitAppTy_maybe t = doTyApp f kt | otherwise = return NoInstance where -- Representation for type constructor applied to some kinds doTyCon tc ks = case mapM kindRep ks of Nothing -> return NoInstance Just kReps -> return $ GenInst [] (\_ -> EvTypeable (EvTypeableTyCon tc kReps) ) True {- Representation for an application of a type to a type-or-kind. This may happen when the type expression starts with a type variable. Example (ignoring kind parameter): Typeable (f Int Char) --> (Typeable (f Int), Typeable Char) --> (Typeable f, Typeable Int, Typeable Char) --> (after some simp. steps) Typeable f -} doTyApp f tk | isKind tk = return NoInstance -- We can't solve until we know the ctr. | otherwise = return $ GenInst [mk_typeable_pred f, mk_typeable_pred tk] (\[t1,t2] -> EvTypeable $ EvTypeableTyApp (EvId t1,f) (EvId t2,tk)) True -- Representation for concrete kinds. We just use the kind itself, -- but first check to make sure that it is "simple" (i.e., made entirely -- out of kind constructors). kindRep ki = do (_,ks) <- splitTyConApp_maybe ki mapM_ kindRep ks return ki -- Emit a `Typeable` constraint for the given type. mk_typeable_pred ty = mkClassPred clas [ typeKind ty, ty ] -- Given KnownNat / KnownSymbol, generate appropriate sub-goal -- and make evidence for a type-level literal. doTyLit c = do clas <- tcLookupClass c let p = mkClassPred clas [ t ] return $ GenInst [p] (\[i] -> EvTypeable $ EvTypeableTyLit (EvId i,t)) True {- Note [No Typeable for polytype or for constraints] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ We do not support impredicative typeable, such as Typeable (forall a. a->a) Typeable (Eq a => a -> a) Typeable (() => Int) Typeable (((),()) => Int) See Trac #9858. For forall's the case is clear: we simply don't have a TypeRep for them. For qualified but not polymorphic types, like (Eq a => a -> a), things are murkier. But: * We don't need a TypeRep for these things. TypeReps are for monotypes only. * Perhaps we could treat `=>` as another type constructor for `Typeable` purposes, and thus support things like `Eq Int => Int`, however, at the current state of affairs this would be an odd exception as no other class works with impredicative types. For now we leave it off, until we have a better story for impredicativity. -}
ml9951/ghc
compiler/typecheck/TcInteract.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
83,885
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wall -fno-warn-unused-do-bind #-} module Parse.Type where import Control.Applicative ((<$>),(<*>),(<*)) import Data.List (intercalate) import Text.Parsec ((<|>), (<?>), char, many, optionMaybe, string, try) import qualified AST.Type as T import qualified AST.Variable as Var import Parse.Helpers tvar :: IParser T.RawType tvar = T.Var <$> lowVar <?> "type variable" tuple :: IParser T.RawType tuple = do ts <- parens (commaSep expr) case ts of [t] -> return t _ -> return (T.tupleOf ts) record :: IParser T.RawType record = do char '{' whitespace rcrd <- extended <|> normal dumbWhitespace char '}' return rcrd where normal = flip T.Record Nothing <$> commaSep field -- extended record types require at least one field extended = do ext <- try (lowVar <* (whitespace >> string "|")) whitespace flip T.Record (Just (T.Var ext)) <$> commaSep1 field field = do lbl <- rLabel whitespace >> hasType >> whitespace (,) lbl <$> expr capTypeVar :: IParser String capTypeVar = intercalate "." <$> dotSep1 capVar constructor0 :: IParser T.RawType constructor0 = do name <- capTypeVar return (T.Type (Var.Raw name)) term :: IParser T.RawType term = tuple <|> record <|> tvar <|> constructor0 app :: IParser T.RawType app = do f <- constructor0 <|> try tupleCtor <?> "type constructor" args <- spacePrefix term case args of [] -> return f _ -> return (T.App f args) where tupleCtor = do n <- length <$> parens (many (char ',')) let ctor = "_Tuple" ++ show (if n == 0 then 0 else n+1) return (T.Type (Var.Raw ctor)) expr :: IParser T.RawType expr = do t1 <- app <|> term arr <- optionMaybe $ try (whitespace >> arrow) case arr of Just _ -> T.Lambda t1 <$> (whitespace >> expr) Nothing -> return t1 constructor :: IParser (String, [T.RawType]) constructor = (,) <$> (capTypeVar <?> "another type constructor") <*> spacePrefix term
avh4/elm-compiler
src/Parse/Type.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
2,080
module KeepCafs2 where import KeepCafsBase foreign export ccall "getX" getX :: IO Int getX :: IO Int getX = return (x + 1)
sdiehl/ghc
testsuite/tests/rts/KeepCafs2.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
128
{-# LANGUAGE ForeignFunctionInterface #-} {-@ LIQUID "--c-files=../ffi-include/foo.c" @-} {-@ LIQUID "-i../ffi-include" @-} module Main where import Foreign.C.Types {-@ embed CInt as int @-} {-@ embed Integer as int @-} {-@ assume c_foo :: x:{CInt | x > 0} -> IO {v:CInt | v = x} @-} foreign import ccall unsafe "foo.c foo" c_foo :: CInt -> IO CInt main :: IO () main = print . fromIntegral =<< c_foo 1
mightymoose/liquidhaskell
tests/pos/FFI.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
409
{-# LANGUAGE DataKinds, PolyKinds #-} module T14209 where data MyProxy k (a :: k) = MyProxy data Foo (z :: MyProxy k (a :: k))
sdiehl/ghc
testsuite/tests/polykinds/T14209.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
128
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-redundant-constraints #-} {-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-} module ShouldSucceed where data Empty q = Empty (forall a. Ord a => q a) q :: (Ord a) => [a] q = [] e0, e1, e2 :: Empty [] e0 = Empty [] e1 = Empty ([] :: (Ord a) => [a]) e2 = Empty q
olsner/ghc
testsuite/tests/typecheck/should_compile/tc092.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
458
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | -- Module : GHC.ExecutionStack -- Copyright : (c) The University of Glasgow 2013-2015 -- License : see libraries/base/LICENSE -- -- Maintainer : cvs-ghc@haskell.org -- Stability : internal -- Portability : non-portable (GHC Extensions) -- -- This is a module for efficient stack traces. This stack trace implementation -- is considered low overhead. Basic usage looks like this: -- -- @ -- import GHC.ExecutionStack -- -- myFunction :: IO () -- myFunction = do -- putStrLn =<< showStackTrace -- @ -- -- Your GHC must have been built with @libdw@ support for this to work. -- -- @ -- user@host:~$ ghc --info | grep libdw -- ,("RTS expects libdw","YES") -- @ -- -- @since 4.9.0.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- module GHC.ExecutionStack ( Location (..) , SrcLoc (..) , getStackTrace , showStackTrace ) where import Control.Monad (join) import GHC.ExecutionStack.Internal -- | Get a trace of the current execution stack state. -- -- Returns @Nothing@ if stack trace support isn't available on host machine. getStackTrace :: IO (Maybe [Location]) getStackTrace = (join . fmap stackFrames) `fmap` collectStackTrace -- | Get a string representation of the current execution stack state. showStackTrace :: IO (Maybe String) showStackTrace = fmap (\st -> showStackFrames st "") `fmap` getStackTrace
tolysz/prepare-ghcjs
spec-lts8/base/GHC/ExecutionStack.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
1,463
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-} module T11408 where type family UL a type family UR a type family MT a b mkMerge :: a -> UL a -> UR a -> Int mkMerge = undefined merger :: a -> b -> MT a b merger = undefined {- merge :: forall a b. (UL (MT a b) ~ a, UR (MT a b) ~ b) => a -> b -> Int or forall t. (MT (UL t) (UR t) ~ t) => UL t -> UR t -> Int These types are equivalent, and in fact neither is ambiguous, but the solver has to work quite hard to prove that. -} merge x y = mkMerge (merger x y) x y
ezyang/ghc
testsuite/tests/indexed-types/should_compile/T11408.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
502
module T7312 where -- this works mac :: Double -> (Double->Double) -> (Double-> Double) mac ac m = \ x -> ac + x * m x -- this doesn't mac2 :: Double -> (->) Double Double -> (->) Double Double mac2 ac m = \ x -> ac + x * m x
wxwxwwxxx/ghc
testsuite/tests/typecheck/should_compile/T7312.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
228
module Main where import GHC.Conc -- Create a new TVar, update it and check that it contains the expected value after the -- transaction main = do putStr "Before\n" t <- atomically ( newTVar 42 ) atomically ( writeTVar t 17 ) r <- atomically ( readTVar t ) putStr ("After " ++ (show r) ++ "\n")
wxwxwwxxx/ghc
testsuite/tests/concurrent/should_run/conc043.hs
Haskell
bsd-3-clause
318
{-# LANGUAGE CPP, MultiParamTypeClasses #-} {-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-} module System.Process.Text.Lazy where #if !MIN_VERSION_base(4,8,0) import Control.Applicative ((<$>)) #endif import Control.DeepSeq (force) import qualified Control.Exception as C (evaluate) import Data.ListLike.IO (hGetContents) import Data.Text.Lazy (Text, fromStrict, toChunks) import Prelude hiding (null) import System.Process import System.Process.Common import System.Exit (ExitCode) instance ProcessText Text Char -- | Like 'System.Process.readProcessWithExitCode', but using 'Text' instance ListLikeProcessIO Text Char where forceOutput = C.evaluate . force readChunks h = (map fromStrict . toChunks) <$> hGetContents h -- | Specialized version for backwards compatibility. readProcessWithExitCode :: FilePath -- ^ command to run -> [String] -- ^ any arguments -> Text -- ^ standard input -> IO (ExitCode, Text, Text) -- ^ exitcode, stdout, stderr readProcessWithExitCode = System.Process.Common.readProcessWithExitCode readCreateProcessWithExitCode :: CreateProcess -- ^ command and arguments to run -> Text -- ^ standard input -> IO (ExitCode, Text, Text) -- ^ exitcode, stdout, stderr readCreateProcessWithExitCode = System.Process.Common.readCreateProcessWithExitCode
seereason/process-extras
src/System/Process/Text/Lazy.hs
Haskell
mit
1,392
module Exercises where tensDigit :: Integral a => a -> a tensDigit x = d where (xLast, _) = x `divMod` 10 d = xLast `mod` 10 foldBool :: a -> a -> Bool -> a foldBool x y z = case z of True -> x False -> y foldBool2 :: a -> a -> Bool -> a foldBool2 x y z | z == True = x | otherwise = y g :: (a -> b) -> (a, c) -> (b, c) g aTob (a, c) = (aTob a, c)
andrewMacmurray/haskell-book-solutions
src/ch7/exercises.hs
Haskell
mit
388
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-unused-imports -fno-warn-missing-signatures #-} module Main where import System.Random.TF.Init import Types import Encode import Mix import Melody.GameOfThrones import Generator.Sin import Generator.Rand import Generator.KarplusStrong import Envelope.ADSR settings :: MixSettings settings = MixSettings { mixGenerator = generatorKarplusStrong , mixTempo = 0.35 , mixLoudness = 0.1 , mixEnvelope = envelopeADSR 0.01 0.2 0.7 2.5 } main = do g <- initTFGen encodeAndWrite "test.pcm" . mix settings g $ gameOfThrones
feuerbach/music
Main.hs
Haskell
mit
556
scoreToLetter :: Int -> Char scoreToLetter n | n > 90 = 'A' | n > 80 = 'B' | n > 70 = 'C' | otherwise = 'F' len [] = 0 len (x:s) = 1 + len s listCopy [] = [] listCopy (x:s) = x : listCopy s ones = 1 : ones twos = 2 : twos lists = [ones, twos] front :: Int -> [a] -> [a] front _ [] = [] front 0 (x:s) = [] front n (x:s) = x : front (n-1) s tB :: [String] -> [Int] -> [(String, Int)] tB [] _ = [] tB (f:fs) (b:bs) = (f,b) : tB fs bs timeBonuses finishers = tB finishers ([20, 12, 8] ++ cycle[0]) zipOp :: (a -> b -> c) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] zipOp f [] _ = [] zipOp f _ [] = [] zipOp f (a:as) (b:bs) = (f a b) : zipOp f as bs myZip = zipOp (\ a b -> (a,b)) seed = [1, 1] ouput = zipOp (+) seed (tail seed) fibs = 1 : 1 : zipOp (+) fibs (tail fibs) type Identifier = String type Value = Int type Env = [(Identifier, Value)] data WAE = Num Int | Add WAE WAE | Id Identifier | With Identifier WAE WAE mlookup :: Identifier -> Env -> Value mlookup var ((i,v):r) | (var == i) = v | otherwise = mlookup var r extend :: Env -> Identifier -> Value -> Env extend env i v = (i,v):env --interp :: WAE -> Env -> Value interp (Num n) env = n interp (Add lhs rhs) env = interp lhs env + interp rhs env interp (Id i) env = mlookup i env interp (With bound_id named_expr bound_body) env = interp bound_body (extend env bound_id (interp named_expr env))
hectoregm/lenguajes
class-notes/class-notes-30-september.hs
Haskell
mit
1,452
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} {-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-} module Gaia.SearchEngine ( runQuery2, runQuery3 ) where import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy.Char8 as Char8 import qualified Data.List as D import qualified Gaia.AesonValuesFileSystemCorrespondance as XP1 import qualified Gaia.AesonValuesAionPointAbstractionsCorrespondance as XP2 import qualified Gaia.Directives as GD import qualified Gaia.FSRootsManagement as FSM import qualified Gaia.GeneralUtils as GU import qualified Gaia.ScanningAndRecordingManager as SRM import Gaia.Types import qualified PStorageServices.ContentAddressableStore as CAS import qualified System.FilePath as FS import System.IO.Unsafe (unsafePerformIO) -- ----------------------------------------------------------- -- Utils -- ----------------------------------------------------------- isInfixOfCaseIndependent2 :: String -> String -> Bool isInfixOfCaseIndependent2 pattern name = D.isInfixOf (GU.stringToLower pattern) (GU.stringToLower name) shouldRetainThisLocationPathAsDirectoryGivenTheseGaiaDirectives :: LocationPath -> [GD.GaiaFileDirective] -> String -> Bool shouldRetainThisLocationPathAsDirectoryGivenTheseGaiaDirectives _ parsedirectives pattern = any (\directive -> case directive of GaiaFileDirective GaiaFileTag body -> isInfixOfCaseIndependent2 pattern body ) parsedirectives casKeyToAionName :: String -> IO (Maybe String) casKeyToAionName key = do aionPointAsByteString <- CAS.get key case aionPointAsByteString of Nothing -> return Nothing Just aionPointAsByteString' -> do let aesonValue = XP1.convertJSONStringIntoAesonValue (Char8.unpack aionPointAsByteString') case aesonValue of Nothing -> return Nothing Just aesonValue' -> do let x1 = XP2.extendedAesonValueToExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric (ExtendedAesonValue aesonValue' key) return $ Just (extractNameFromAionExtendedPointAbstractionGeneric x1) where extractNameFromAionExtendedPointAbstractionGeneric (ExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric (AionPointAbstractionGenericFromFile (AionPointAbstractionFile filename _ _)) _) = filename extractNameFromAionExtendedPointAbstractionGeneric (ExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric (AionPointAbstractionGenericFromDirectory (AionPointAbstractionDirectory foldername _)) _) = foldername -- ----------------------------------------------------------- -- Aion Points Recursive Analysis -- ----------------------------------------------------------- {- Each Aion point is a location of the File System Therefore each Aeson Value is a location of the file system In the below <current path> is the full FS path to the object (which is not known by the object itself and must be computed recursively from some root) -} {- extractLocationPathsForAesonValueFileAndPatternAndLocationPath :: A.Value -> String -> LocationPath -> IO [ LocationPath ] extractLocationPathsForAesonValueFileAndPatternAndLocationPath aesonValueFile pattern locationpath = do let tap = XP2.extendedAesonValueToExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric aesonValueFile if name1 tap =="gaia" then do -- parseDirectivesFile :: FilePath -> MaybeT IO [Directive] directives <- GD.parseDirectivesFile locationpath if shouldRetainThisLocationPathAsDirectoryGivenTheseGaiaDirectives locationpath directives pattern then return [ FS.takeDirectory locationpath ] else return [] else if isInfixOfCaseIndependent2 pattern (name1 tap) then return [ locationpath ] else return [] -} extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionFileAndPatternAndLocationPath :: AionPointAbstractionFile -> String -> LocationPath -> String -> IO [SEAtom] extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionFileAndPatternAndLocationPath (AionPointAbstractionFile filename _ _) pattern locationpath caskey = do if isInfixOfCaseIndependent2 pattern filename then return [ SEAtom locationpath caskey ] else return [] extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionDirectoryAndPatternAndLocationPath :: AionPointAbstractionDirectory -> String -> LocationPath -> String -> IO [SEAtom] extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionDirectoryAndPatternAndLocationPath (AionPointAbstractionDirectory foldername caskeys) pattern locationpath caskey = do let x1 = map (\xcaskey -> do maybename <- casKeyToAionName xcaskey case maybename of Nothing -> return [] -- extractSEAtomForAionCASKeyAndPatternAndLocationPath :: String -> String -> LocationPath -> IO [LocationPath] -- extractSEAtomForAionCASKeyAndPatternAndLocationPath <aion cas hash> <search pattern> <current path> Just name -> extractSEAtomForAionCASKeyAndPatternAndLocationPath xcaskey pattern (FS.normalise $ FS.joinPath [locationpath, name]) ) caskeys -- x1 :: [IO [SEAtom]] let x2 = sequence x1 -- x2 :: IO [[SEAtom]] let x3 = fmap concat x2 -- x3 :: IO [SEAtom] if isInfixOfCaseIndependent2 pattern foldername then do x4 <- x3 return $ (SEAtom locationpath caskey) : x4 else x3 extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionGenericAndPatternAndLocationPath2 :: ExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric -> String -> LocationPath -> IO [SEAtom] extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionGenericAndPatternAndLocationPath2 (ExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric (AionPointAbstractionGenericFromFile taionpointfile) caskey) pattern locationpath = extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionFileAndPatternAndLocationPath taionpointfile pattern locationpath caskey extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionGenericAndPatternAndLocationPath2 (ExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric (AionPointAbstractionGenericFromDirectory taionpointdirectory) caskey) pattern locationpath = extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionDirectoryAndPatternAndLocationPath taionpointdirectory pattern locationpath caskey extractSEAtomForAionCASKeyAndPatternAndLocationPath :: String -> String -> LocationPath -> IO [SEAtom] extractSEAtomForAionCASKeyAndPatternAndLocationPath aion_cas_hash pattern locationpath = do aionJSONValueAsString <- XP1.getAionJSONStringForCASKey3 aion_cas_hash case aionJSONValueAsString of Nothing -> return [] Just aionJSONValueAsString' -> do let aionJSONValue = XP1.convertJSONStringIntoAesonValue aionJSONValueAsString' case aionJSONValue of Nothing -> return [] Just aionJSONValue' -> extractLocationPathsForAionPointAbstractionGenericAndPatternAndLocationPath2 (XP2.extendedAesonValueToExtendedAionPointAbstractionGeneric (ExtendedAesonValue aionJSONValue' aion_cas_hash)) pattern locationpath -- ----------------------------------------------------------- -- Running queries against Merkle Roots -- ----------------------------------------------------------- {- The Merkle root refers to a particular aion snapshot of the file system. The fsroot is used to recursively construct paths. Paths returned by the process are essentially the fsroot and recursively locationnames constructed by looking up the aion points. This is due to the fact that the Merkle root doesn't know which node of the file system (fsroot) it represents. The pattern is the search query. -} runQueryAgainMerkleRootUsingStoredData :: LocationPath -> String -> String -> IO [SEAtom] runQueryAgainMerkleRootUsingStoredData fsroot merkleroot pattern = extractSEAtomForAionCASKeyAndPatternAndLocationPath merkleroot pattern fsroot -- ----------------------------------------------------------- -- Search Engine Interface -- ----------------------------------------------------------- runQuery1 :: String -> IO [SEAtom] runQuery1 pattern = do -- getFSScanRoots :: IO [String] scanroots <- FSM.getFSScanRoots let x = map (\scanroot -> do merkleroot <- SRM.getCurrentMerkleRootForFSScanRoot scanroot case merkleroot of Nothing -> return [] Just merkleroot' -> runQueryAgainMerkleRootUsingStoredData scanroot merkleroot' pattern ) scanroots -- x :: [IO [SEAtom]] fmap concat ( sequence x ) runQuery2 :: String -> [SEAtom] runQuery2 pattern = unsafePerformIO $ runQuery1 pattern runQuery3 :: String -> [SEAtom] runQuery3 pattern = unsafePerformIO $ runQuery1 pattern
shtukas/Gaia
src/Gaia/SearchEngine.hs
Haskell
mit
9,015
main = putStrLn "Hello World" //added some comments //showing how to do stuff
Yelmogus/Lambda_Interpreter
HW1.hs
Haskell
mit
78
{- Copyright (C) 2015 Calvin Beck Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. -} module Text.MathForm.Readers.Sage where import Text.MathForm.MathTypes import Text.MathForm.Readers.SageTokens import Text.Parsec import Text.Parsec.Expr import Text.Parsec.Text import Control.Monad import Control.Monad.Identity import qualified Data.Text as T parseSage :: Parser MathForm parseSage = buildExpressionParser table term term :: Parser MathForm term = parens parseSage <|> fmap (either IntLit FloatLit) naturalOrFloat <|> liftM Symbol identifier -- | https://hackage.haskell.org/package/parsec-3.1.9/docs/Text-Parsec-Expr.html -- is pretty much exactly what we need here. table :: OperatorTable T.Text st Identity MathForm table = [ [binary "**" Pow AssocLeft, binary "^" Pow AssocLeft] , [prefix "-" Neg, prefix "+" Pos] , [binary "*" Mult AssocLeft, binary "/" Div AssocLeft] , [binary "+" Plus AssocLeft, binary "-" Sub AssocLeft] ] binary name fun = Infix (do { reservedOp name; return fun }) prefix name fun = Prefix (do { reservedOp name; return fun }) postfix name fun = Postfix (do { reservedOp name; return fun })
Chobbes/mathform
src/Text/MathForm/Readers/Sage.hs
Haskell
mit
2,207
module HaskellBook.Case where funcZ x = case x + 1 == 1 of True -> "AWESOME" False -> "wut" pal xs = case xs == reverse xs of True -> "yes" False -> "no" pal' xs = case y of True -> "yes" False -> "no" where y = xs == reverse xs
brodyberg/Notes
ProjectRosalind.hsproj/LearnHaskell/lib/HaskellBook/Case.hs
Haskell
mit
278