doc_id int64 0 4.37M | title stringlengths 1 839 | abstract listlengths 1 285 | original_id stringlengths 1 289 |
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0 | Synthetic polypeptide antagonists of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor. | [
"Two analogs of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor modified at the histidine-2 position were tested for biological activity (secretion of luteinizing hormone) in cultures of dispersed rat anterior pituitary cells.",
"The analog in which glycine was substituted for histidine at position 2, [Gly(... | 10.1126/science.176.4037.933 |
1 | Gastric acid barrier to ingested microorganisms in man: studies in vivo and in vitro. | [
"Reassessment of the ;gastric bactericidal barrier' to enteric bacteria in man included studies of the bactericidal activity of (1) the normal and achlorhydric stomach in vivo and (2) normal and achlorhydric gastric juice and other media in vitro.",
"Within 30 minutes virtually all bacteria (Serratia marcescens) ... | 10.1136/gut.13.4.251 |
2 | Light scattering at various angles. Theoretical predictions of the effects of particle volume changes. | [
"The Mie theory of scattering is used to provide new information on how changes in particle volume, with no change in dry weight, should influence light scattering for various scattering angles and particle sizes.",
"Many biological cells (e.g., algal cells, erythrocytes) and large subcellular structures (e.g., c... | 10.1016/S0006-3495(72)86120-4 |
3 | Malignant lymphomas of Waldeyer's ring: natural history and survival after radiotherapy. | [
"The natural history of 292 consecutive cases of reticulum cell sarcoma and lymphosarcoma of Waldeyer's ring and the survival rate after radiotherapy are reported.",
"In our institute since 1928 from 30 to 35% of pharyngeal neoplasms have been lymphomas, and of these 55% have been reticulum cell sarcomas, 21% lym... | 10.1136/bmj.3.5819.140 |
4 | Neural attenuation of responses to emitted sounds in echolocating rats. | [
"Bats of the family Vespertilionidae enmit strong ultrasonic pulses for echolocation.",
"If such sounds directly stimulate their ears, the detection of echoes from short distances would be impaired.",
"The responses of lateral lemniscal neurons to emitted sounds were found to be much smaller than those to playb... | 10.1126/science.177.4043.82 |
5 | Comparison of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol and prednisolone in reversible airways obstruction. | [
"This paper describes a double-bond crossover trial of prednisolone and beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in 38 steroid-dependent patients with reversible diffuse airways obstruction.",
"Altogether there was no difference in the patient's preference of the two treatment groups or in the number of times they use... | 10.1136/bmj.3.5822.314 |
6 | Chloramphenicol resistance in the typhoid bacillus. | [
"Chloramphenicol resistance has been reported in individual strains of Salmonella typhi since 1950, but there had been no accounts of epidemics caused by resistant strains of the organism until 1972, when one occurred in Mexico.",
"Two British patients have been infected in that country, and the organism isolated... | 10.1136/bmj.3.5822.329 |
7 | Induction of galactokinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: kinetics of induction and glucose effects. | [
"The induced synthesis of galactokinase and the repressing effects of glucose on this synthesis have been investigated in whole yeast cells rendered permeable by treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide.",
"It was found that the induction response of uninduced cells to galactose is clearly dependent on the nature of the... | 10.1128/jb.111.2.308-315.1972 |
8 | Isolation and characterization of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate-lipid A from a heptose-deficient mutant of Escherichia coli. | [
"A heptose-deficient mutant of Escherichia coli has been isolated and from it a glycolipid, consisting of lipid A and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (KDO), has been extracted with diisobutylketone-acetic acid-water.",
"Based on beta-hydroxymyristic acid, the extractable glycolipid accounts for a major portion of the tota... | 10.1128/jb.111.2.531-541.1972 |
9 | Biochemical and genetic aspects of nystatin resistance in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | [
"Two phenotypically distinct sets of nystatin-resistant mutants were investigated.",
"One set is resistant, respiratory competent, and requires no lipid for growth.",
"The other set is more resistant, respiratory deficient, and lipid requiring (unsaturated fatty acid or sterol).",
"Both sets show altered ster... | 10.1128/jb.111.3.649-657.1972 |
10 | Iron uptake in Salmonella typhimurium: utilization of exogenous siderochromes as iron carriers. | [
"Aerobic microorganisms have evolved a variety of siderochromes, special ligands which can dissolve insoluble ferric iron and facilitate its transport into the cell.",
"We have found that enb mutants of Salmonella typhimurium blocked in the biosynthesis of enterobactin (its natural iron carrier) are able to utili... | 10.1128/jb.111.3.731-738.1972 |
11 | Escherichia coli mutants tht require either pyridoxine or alanine. | [
"Some pyridoxineless mutants of genetic group V grow to normal cell yields in glucose-salts medium containing 0.11 mm d- or l-alanine as the sole supplement."
] | 10.1128/jb.111.3.838-840.1972 |
12 | A threshold distribution hypothesis for packet storage of insulin and its mathematical modeling. | [
"Phases of insulin release were studied in the perfused pancreas during a variety of glucose stimulation patterns.",
"Patterns included staircase stimulations, constant prolonged single steps, restimulations, and ramp functions.",
"Except at low concentrations, prolonged single steps of glucose elicited early s... | 10.1172/JCI107011 |
13 | The pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. I. Enterotoxin production by Shigella dysenteriae I. | [
"A strain of Shigella dysenteriae 1, freshly isolated from a patient with dysentery in Guatemala in August 1969, was found to elaborate an enterotoxin into the liquid of broth cultures.",
"Partial purification of the enterotoxin by ultrafiltration on graded polymeric membranes and Sephadex gel filtration (Pharmac... | 10.1172/JCI106915 |
14 | Cell culture on artificial capillaries: an approach to tissue growth in vitro. | [
"Artificial capillaries perfused with culture medium provide a matrix in which cells can attain tissue-like densities in vitro.",
"Products secreted into the medium can be measured as indicators of cell function or may be recovered for other purposes without disturbing the culture."
] | 10.1126/science.178.4056.65 |
15 | Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. | [
"The term apoptosis is proposed for a hitherto little recognized mechanism of controlled cell deletion, which appears to play a complementary but opposite role to mitosis in the regulation of animal cell populations.",
"Its morphological features suggest that it is an active, inherently programmed phenomenon, and... | 10.1038/bjc.1972.33 |
16 | Deletion mapping of the genes coding for HPr and enzyme I of the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system in Salmonella typhimurium. | [
"Sugars transported by a bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) require two soluble proteins: HPr, a low-molecular-weight phosphate-carrier protein, and enzyme I.",
"The structural genes coding for HPr (ptsH) and Enzyme I (ptsI) are shown to be cotransducible in Salmonella typhimurium... | 10.1128/jb.112.1.17-29.1972 |
17 | Chemotaxis toward amino acids in Escherichia coli. | [
"Escherichia coli cells are shown to be attracted to the l-amino acids alanine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glycine, methionine, serine, and threonine, but not to arginine, cystine, glutamine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, or valine.",
"Bacteria grown... | 10.1128/jb.112.1.315-326.1972 |
18 | Purification and properties of the flavine-stimulated anaerobic L- -glycerophosphate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli. | [
"The anaerobic l-alpha-glycerophosphate (l-alpha-GP) dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli was purified approximately 40-fold.",
"The activity of the dehydrogenase, although not affected by the addition of pyridine nucleotides, was stimulated three- to fourfold by flavine adenine dinucleotide (K(m) about 10(-7)m) and... | 10.1128/jb.112.1.539-547.1972 |
19 | Transfer among Erwinia spp. and other enterobacteria of antibiotic resistance carried on R factors. | [
"Antibiotic resistance carried on R factors was transferred by conjugation from Escherichia coli B/r and Shigella flexneri 1a to Erwinia spp.",
"Tetracycline resistance (TetR) carried on R factor R100 drd-56 was transferred from E. coli B/r to strains of Erwinia amylovora, E. aroideae, E. atroseptica, E. chrysant... | 10.1128/jb.112.1.576-584.1972 |
20 | "Induction" of colicin factor E2-P9 by mitomycin C. | [
"Mitomycin C increases the titers of colicin E2-P9 without increasing the amount of colicin factor deoxyribonucleic acid."
] | 10.1128/jb.112.2.1007-1009.1972 |
21 | Nutritional requirements of Acinetobacter strains isolated from soil, water, and sewage. | [
"One hundred five strains of Acinetobacter were isolated from water, soil, and sewage on nonselective complex media, and their nutritional properties were studied.",
"Only one of these strains requires growth factors in order to grow in a mineral medium containing a single carbon source."
] | 10.1128/jb.112.2.1014-1016.1972 |
22 | Importance of facilitated diffusion for effective utilization of glycerol by Escherichia coli. | [
"Wild-type Escherichia coli possesses an inducible permeation system which catalyzes facilitated diffusion of glycerol into the cell.",
"A spectrophotometric method can be used to assess the presence of this mechanism.",
"The structural gene for the facilitator (glpF) and the structural gene for glycerol kinase... | 10.1128/jb.112.2.784-790.1972 |
23 | Deletion and complementation analysis of biotin gene cluster of Escherichia coli. | [
"Genetic deletions that terminate within the cluster of genes needed for biotin biosynthesis in Escherichia coli have been isolated and mapped by transduction with phages lambda and P1.",
"These deletions order the point mutations in each of the five genes.",
"Mutations causing biotin dependence were incorporat... | 10.1128/jb.112.2.830-839.1972 |
24 | Reversal of the mannitol-sorbitol diauxie in Escherichia coli. | [
"In Escherichia coli K-12 the proteins involved in the dissimilation of mannitol and sorbitol are specified by two separate gene clusters.",
"The mannitol cluster appears to consist of a regulatory gene mtlC, a gene mtlA coding an enzyme II complex of the phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system, and a gene ... | 10.1128/jb.112.2.840-848.1972 |
25 | Molecular studies on entry exclusion in Escherichia coli minicells. | [
"Minicells produced by abnormal cell division in a strain of Escherichia coli (K-12) have been employed here to investigate the phenomenon of \"entry exclusion.\"",
"When purified minicells from strains containing F' or R factors, or both, are mated with radioactive thymidine-labeled Hfr or R(+) donors, the recip... | 10.1128/jb.112.2.861-869.1972 |
26 | Genetic separation of hypoxanthine and guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activities by deletion mutations in Salmonella typhimurium. | [
"Certain proAB deletion mutants of Salmonella typhimurium were found to be simultaneously deleted in a gene required for the utilization of guanine and xanthine (designated gxu).",
"These mutants were resistant to 8-azaguanine and when carrying an additional pur mutation were unable to use guanine or xanthine as ... | 10.1128/jb.112.2.910-916.1972 |
27 | Interspecies transformation of Acinetobacter: genetic evidence for a ubiquitous genus. | [
"The availability of a strain of Acinetobacter competent for transformation has made it possible to demonstrate the genetic relatedness of a large variety of gram-negative, oxidase-negative, nonmotile, and aerobic coccobacilli originally classified into eleven different genera.",
"Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) spec... | 10.1128/jb.112.2.917-931.1972 |
28 | Cell wall peptidoglycan mutants of Escherichia coli K-12: existence of two clusters of genes, mra and mrb, for cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis. | [
"Temperature-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 which cannot form cell wall peptidoglycan at 42 C were isolated.",
"The thermosensitive steps were characterized biochemically, and the genes coding the enzymes of peptidoglycan synthesis were mapped.",
"These genes were in two clusters: one group, located... | 10.1128/jb.112.2.950-958.1972 |
29 | Arenaviruses: cellular response to long-term in vitro infection with parana and lymphocytic choriomeningitis viruses. | [
"Persistent infections were established in suspension cultures of BHK21/13S cells with both Parana and lymphocytic choriomeningitis viruses.",
"Four generations after infection with either virus, more than 90% of the cells scored as infective centers, with concomitant peaks in extracellular virus yields.",
"In ... | 10.1128/iai.6.4.444-450.1972 |
30 | Enhanced growth of a murine coronavirus in transformed mouse cells. | [
"Plaque formation by A59 virus, a murine coronavirus, was facilitated in AL/N and Balb mouse cells transformed by polyoma virus, simian virus 40, murine sarcoma virus, or mammary tumor virus.",
"In these virus-transformed cells, A59 virus plaques were larger, they appeared earlier, and plaquing efficiencies were ... | 10.1128/iai.6.4.501-507.1972 |
31 | Immunogenicity of the common enterobacterial antigen produced by smooth and rough strains. | [
"Enterobacteriaceae share a common antigen (CA).",
"This antigen exists as a powerful immunogen, when produced by Escherichia coli O14, and as a minimally effective immunogen, when present in cultures of most other smooth strains.",
"The present study was directed toward the assessment of immunogenicity of this... | 10.1128/iai.6.4.533-539.1972 |
32 | Immunological unresponsiveness induced by cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide assayed by the hemolytic plaque technique. | [
"Numerous studies have suggested that cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide could induce an immunological paralysis.",
"To investigate this possibility, mice were given various concentrations of purified cryptococcal polysaccharide and then 14 days later were challenge-immunized with the same material in Freund's ... | 10.1128/iai.5.6.896-901.1972 |
33 | Microbicidal activity of peroxidaseless chicken heterophile leukocytes. | [
"Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) of the domestic chicken lack myeloperoxidase and, therefore, may be useful for studies of myeloperoxidase-independent antimicrobial mechanisms.",
"Before such studies were undertaken, it was important to investigate the antimicrobial capacity of these cells against species of o... | 10.1128/iai.5.3.283-287.1972 |
34 | Enteric immunization with live adenovirus type 21 vaccine. I. Tests for safety, infectivity, immunogenicity, and potency in volunteers. | [
"Studies were undertaken in volunteers to determine whether living adenovirus type 21 (ADV-21) vaccine could be safely administered orally to susceptible young adults.",
"In the first study, ten volunteers were fed 10(6.4) tissue culture infectious dose(50) (TCID(50)) of ADV-21 vaccine virus, and five received pl... | 10.1128/iai.5.3.295-299.1972 |
35 | M protein-associated adherence of Streptococcus pyogenes to epithelial surfaces: prerequisite for virulence. | [
"Virulent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes containing M protein were found to adhere well to human cheek epithelial cells in vitro, whereas an avirulent M - mutant strain adhered feebly.",
"Pretreatment of M + strains with trypsin to remove their M protein surface coating or reacting them with type-specific anti... | 10.1128/iai.5.5.826-830.1972 |
36 | Degradation of group A streptococcal cell walls by egg-white lysozyme and human lysosomal enzymes. | [
"Group A streptococci and their isolated cell walls, normally resistant to egg-white lysozyme and the lysosomal enzymes of human phagocytes, were converted to lysozyme-sensitive forms by partial removal of cell wall carbohydrate, substitution of free amino groups, and by saponification of O-acyl groups.",
"The re... | 10.1128/iai.6.3.403-413.1972 |
37 | A second neural mechanism of binocular depth discrimination. | [
"Rotation of an object about its horizontal axis, towards or away from the viewer's eyes, usually causes the images of its contours to have slightly different orientations on the two retinae.2.",
"We recorded action potentials from binocular neurones in the cat's visual cortex and measured their orientation-selec... | 10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp010006 |
38 | Ventilation with end-expiratory pressure in acute lung disease. | [
"In 10 patients with severe, acute respiratory failure we studied the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure when intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) with inspired oxygen (F(IO2)) up to 0.5 failed to maintain arterial oxygen tension (P(aO2)) above 70 torr.Positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) ... | 10.1172/JCI107042 |
39 | Enterochelin system of iron transport in Escherichia coli: mutations affecting ferric-enterochelin esterase. | [
"Three mutant strains of Escherichia coli have been isolated which are lacking ferric-enterochelin esterase activity.",
"This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of the enterochelin moiety of ferric-enterochelin to yield ultimately three molecules of N-2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine.",
"The mutants (designated fes(-)) ... | 10.1128/jb.112.3.1142-1149.1972 |
40 | Inhibition of cell-free protein synthesis by hydrostatic pressure. | [
"Pressure inhibition of cell-free polypeptide synthesis is manifested in the same manner as that observed in the intact cell: (i) starting at approximately 200 atm, there is a progressive inhibition with increasing pressures; (ii) there is complete inhibition at 680 atm; (iii) incorporation into polypeptide is inst... | 10.1128/jb.112.3.1222-1227.1972 |
41 | Mercury resistance in a plasmid-bearing strain of Escherichia coli. | [
"A strain of Escherichia coli carrying genes determining mercury resistance on a naturally occurring resistance transfer factor (RTF) converts 95% of 10(-5)m Hg(2+) (chloride) to metallic mercury at a rate of 4 to 5 nmoles of Hg(2+) per min per 10(8) cells.",
"The metallic mercury is rapidly eliminated from the c... | 10.1128/jb.112.3.1228-1236.1972 |
42 | Isolation of the lipid intermediate in peptidoglycan biosynthesis from Escherichia coli. | [
"The lipid intermediate in peptidoglycan biosynthesis was isolated from Escherichia coli strain W and characterized as C(55)-isoprenyl-pyrophosphoryl N-acetylmuramyl(-pentapeptide)-N-acetyl-glucosamine."
] | 10.1128/jb.112.3.1306-1309.1972 |
43 | Mechanism of inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli by hydroxyurea. | [
"The effects of hydroxyurea on Escherichia coli B/5 physiology (increases in cell mass, number of viable cells, and deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA], RNA, and protein concentrations) were studied in an attempt to find a concentration that completely inhibits DNA synthesis and increase in number of viable cells but has l... | 10.1128/jb.112.3.1321-1334.1972 |
44 | Location of acid phosphatase and -fructofuranosidase within yeast cell envelopes. | [
"After 16 hr of incubation in a low-phosphate, aerated medium, bakers' yeast was obtained with a high titer of acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) and beta-fructofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.26).",
"All of the beta-fructofuranosidase and 75% of the acid phosphatase were easily released by mechanical disruption in a French pr... | 10.1128/jb.112.3.1346-1352.1972 |
45 | Significance of milk pH in newborn infants. | [
"Bottle-fed infants do not gain weight as rapidly as breast-fed babies during the first week of life.",
"This weight lag can be corrected by the addition of a small amount of alkali (sodium bicarbonate or trometamol) to the feeds.",
"The alkali corrects the acidity of cow's milk which now assumes some of the pr... | 10.1136/bmj.4.5839.515 |
46 | Three-dimensional structure of yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA: folding of the polynucleotide chain. | [
"At 4 A resolution the polynucleotides in yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA are seen in a series of electron dense masses about 5.8 A apart.",
"These peaks are probably associated with the phosphate groups, while lower levels of electron density between segments of adjacent polynucleotide chains are interpreted as... | 10.1126/science.179.4070.285 |
47 | Genetic analysis of flagellar mutants in Escherichia coli. | [
"Flagellar mutants in Escherichia coli were obtained by selection for resistance to the flagellotropic phage chi.",
"F elements covering various regions of the E. coli genome were then constructed, and, on the basis of the ability of these elements to restore flagellar function, the mutations were assigned to thr... | 10.1128/jb.113.1.105-113.1973 |
48 | Radiation-resistant mutants of Salmonella typhimurium LT2: development and characterization. | [
"A series of repeated exposures to gamma irradiation with intervening outgrowth of survivors was used to develop radioresistant cultures of Salmonella typhimuium LT2.",
"Stepwise increases in resistance to both ionizing and ultraviolet irradiation were obtained independently of the presence or absence of integrat... | 10.1128/jb.113.1.133-144.1973 |
49 | Ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Chesapeake Bay. | [
"A study of the ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and related vibrios in the Rhode River area of Chesapeake Bay was carried out over the period December 1970 through August 1971.",
"The incidence of V. parahaemolyticus and related vibrios was found to be correlated with water temperature.",
"The vibrios could ... | 10.1128/jb.113.1.24-32.1973 |
50 | Combined studies of complement receptor and surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells and sheep erythrocyte rosette-forming cells in normal and leukemic human lymphocytes. | [
"Human lymphocytes from normal peripheral blood, thymus, spleen, thoracic duct, and peripheral lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia were studied for complement receptor sites (CRL), surface immunoglobulin (SIg), and for the ability to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (TRFC).",
"The two B... | 10.1172/JCI107194 |
51 | Isolation of Aeromonas species from clinical sources. | [
"In a period of one year, in a general hospital, Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from 13 patients and Aeromonas shigelloides from one patient.",
"Eight of the patients had superficial infections, two had urinary tract infections, and four had bacteriaemia.",
"The association of Aeromonas bacteriaemia with cir... | 10.1136/jcp.25.11.970 |
52 | Pyrogen fever and prostaglandin-like activity in cerebrospinal fluid. | [
"In the unanaesthetized cat, rectal temperature was recorded and c.s.f.",
"was collected from a Collison cannula implanted into the third ventricle with its opening lying in close proximity to the anterior hypothalamus.",
"were collected from the same cat, during normal temperature, during fever produced by Shi... | 10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010071 |
53 | Intestinal immunoglobulins in children with coeliac disease. | [
"The numbers of immunoglobulin-containing cells in jejunal biopsy specimens of 19 children with active coeliac disease aged 0.5 to 16.5 years were studied by direct immunofluorescence.",
"Intestinal juice immunoglobulins were measured in 14 of these patients.",
"The number of IgA-containing cells was twice and ... | 10.1136/gut.13.12.958 |
54 | Effects of passive antibody on early pathogenesis of Marek's disease. | [
"The effects of passive Marek's disease virus (MDV) antibody were characterized in three experiments in which 1- or 2-day-old PDRC chickens were inoculated with cell-associated MDV.",
"Antibody acquired naturally from the dam, or injected prior to, or at the time of, virus inoculation, failed to prevent infection... | 10.1128/iai.6.2.193-198.1972 |
55 | Inorganic phosphate transport in Escherichia coli: involvement of two genes which play a role in alkaline phosphatase regulation. | [
"Two classes of alkaline phosphatase constitutive mutations which comprise the original phoS locus (genes phoS and phoT) on the Escherichia coli genome have been implicated in the regulation of alkaline phosphatase synthesis.",
"When these mutations were introduced into a strain dependent on a single system, the ... | 10.1128/jb.113.2.529-539.1973 |
56 | Two genetic loci for resistance to kasugamycin in Escherichia coli. | [
"There are two loci for resistance to the antibiotic kasugamycin (Ksg) in Escherichia coli.",
"Mutations at ksgA resulted in 30S ribosomal subunit resistance to Ksg.",
"The map location of ksgA was near minute 0.5: ksgA was 95% cotransducible with pdxA, and the apparent gene order was thr... ksgA... pdxA.",
"... | 10.1128/jb.113.2.704-710.1973 |
57 | Isolation and characterization of acid phosphatase mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | [
"Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain H-42 seems to have two kinds of acid phosphatase: one which is constitutive and one which is repressible by inorganic phosphate.",
"The constitutive enzyme was significantly unstable to heat inactivation, and its K(m) of 9.1 x 10(-4)m for p-nitrophenylphosphate was higher than tha... | 10.1128/jb.113.2.727-738.1973 |
58 | Rapid mapping of conditional and auxotrophic mutations in Escherichia coli K-12. | [
"The approximate genetic map locations of auxotrophic and conditional lethal mutations of Escherichia coli can be rapidly determined with replica plating techniques.",
"A set of patches of 15 streptomycin-sensitive (Str(S)) Hfr strains with points of origin distributed around the map is replica plated onto a reco... | 10.1128/jb.113.2.798-812.1973 |
59 | Double-blind evaluation of verapamil, propranolol, and isosorbide dinitrate against a placebo in the treatment of angina pectoris. | [
"In the treatment of angina pectoris a double-blind evaluation of verapamil (Cordilox) at two dose levels-namely, 80 mg thrice daily and 120 mg thrice daily-propranolol (Inderal) 100 mg thrice daily, and isosorbide dinitrate (Vascardin) 20 mg thrice daily has been made against a placebo.",
"The assessment was bas... | 10.1136/bmj.1.5850.375 |
60 | Close linkage of the genes serC (for phosphohydroxy pyruvate transaminase) and serS (for seryl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase) in Escherichia coli K-12. | [
"Escherichia coli strain K28, isolated after nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis, was found to be auxotrophic for serine.",
"It was also temperature sensitive for growth as a result of producing an altered seryl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase (EC 6.1.1.11, l-serine: tRNA ligase [AMP]).",
"The auxotrophy w... | 10.1128/jb.113.3.1091-1095.1973 |
61 | Fine structure of Cryptococcus neoformans grown in vivo as observed by freeze-etching. | [
"Cryptococcus neoformans grown in the parasitic state was observed by the freeze-etching technique and was compared with that grown on culture media.",
"Unlike other yeasts, this organism grown in vivo is very often devoid of the \"ordinary\" invaginations.",
"The membrane of the cell grown in vivo was almost f... | 10.1128/jb.113.3.1449-1454.1973 |
62 | Genetic control of host responses to endotoxin. | [
"Two pathophysiological effects of endotoxin in mice have been shown to be under the major influence of polygenic inheritance.",
"The first, endotoxemia, was measured by LD(50) assays on hybrids and backcross hybrids of the resistant C(3)H/HeJ and the susceptible A/HJe strains.",
"The LD(50) values of the F1 hy... | 10.1128/iai.5.1.107-113.1972 |
63 | B and T lymphocytes in primary immunodeficiency disease in man. | [
"B- and T-cell populations in 32 patients with different forms of primary immunodeficiency disease were studied.",
"The B-cells in peripheral blood were investigated with respect to surface immunoglobulins by means of immunofluorescence.",
"The T-cell function was studied utilizing quantitation of proliferative... | 10.1172/JCI107257 |
64 | Organic solvents as probes for the structure and function of the bacterial membrane: effects of ethanol on the wild type and an ethanol-resistant mutant of Escherichia coli K-12. | [
"The effects of ethanol on the growth of a wild-type Escherichia coli K-12 are described.",
"These effects include a reduction of the steady-state growth rate and an interference with the division process.",
"They appear as an immediate response to the addition of ethanol and are rapidly reversed by removal of ... | 10.1128/jb.114.1.239-248.1973 |
65 | Growth and initiation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli in the presence of trimethoprim. | [
"Escherichia coli grew exponentially at a reduced rate in the presence of 50 or 100 mug of trimethoprim/ml if the low-molecular-weight products of folate metabolism or their precursors (thymidine, purines, methionine, glycine, and pantothenate) were supplied in the medium.",
"Folate metabolism was inhibited 99.9%... | 10.1128/jb.114.1.309-322.1973 |
66 | Pathway for ubiquinone biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K-12: gene-enzyme relationships and intermediates. | [
"Seven ubiquinone-deficient mutants of Escherichia coli, each of which accumulates two phenolic precursors of ubiquinone, have been characterized, and the accumulated compounds have been identified.",
"The mutants accumulate small quantities of 2-octaprenyl-6-methoxyphenol, which was isolated and characterized by... | 10.1128/jb.114.1.42-52.1973 |
67 | Laboratory identification of clinically important aerobic actinomycetes. | [
"A battery of morphological, physiological, and biochemical tests, including paper chromatographic analysis of whole cell hydrolysates, was used to study 177 cultures of aerobic actinomycetes.",
"One hundred thirty-five of the 177 were submitted as diagnostic laboratory specimens; of these, 129 were identified as... | 10.1128/am.25.4.665-681.1973 |
68 | On the uptake of materials by the intact liver. The transport and net removal of galactose. | [
"D-galactose, a monosaccharide rapidly phosphorylated within liver cells, is irreversibly removed from the portal circulation.",
"We have studied the kinetic relations between the hepatic cell entry process and the metabolic sequestration process, by means of the multiple indicator dilution technique.",
"Labele... | 10.1172/JCI107300 |
69 | The optical and electron microscopic determination of pulmonary asbestos fibre concentration and its relation to the human pathological reaction. | [
"The quantitative extraction of asbestos fibres from asbestotic lung by alkali digestion has been refined by maceration of the tissue without prior drying, the minimum use of centrifugation, and the adoption of phase contrast microscopy.",
"Preliminary experiments suggested that, using this technique, asbestos fi... | 10.1136/jcp.26.3.224 |
70 | Cross-linking of collagen. | [
"The formation of collagen cross-links is attributable to the presence of two aldehyde-containing amino acids which react with other amino acids in collagen to generate difunctional, trifunctional, and tetrafunctional cross-links.",
"A necessary prerequisite for the development of these cross-links is that the co... | 10.1126/science.180.4086.561 |
71 | Mutations affecting gluconate metabolism in Escherichia coli. | [
"A mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 that does not ferment gluconate on fermentation plates was isolated and characterized.",
"This mutant, designated M2, shows a long lag for growth on gluconate mineral medium and somewhat reduced levels of high-affinity transport, gluconokinase, and gluconate-6-P dehydrase activi... | 10.1128/jb.114.2.463-468.1973 |
72 | Properties of a D-glutamic acid-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli. | [
"Some properties of a d-glutamic acid auxotroph of Escherichia coli B were studied.",
"The mutant cells lysed in the absence of d-glutamic acid.",
"Murein synthesis was impaired, accompanied by accumulation of uridine-5'-diphosphate-N-acetyl-muramyl-l-alanine (UDP-MurNac-l-Ala), as was shown by incubation of th... | 10.1128/jb.114.2.499-506.1973 |
73 | Isolation and properties of fumarate reductase mutants of Escherichia coli. | [
"Escherichia coli produces two enzymes which interconvert succinate and fumarate: succinate dehydrogenase, which is adapted to an oxidative role in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fumarate reductase, which catalyzes the reductive reaction more effectively and allows fumarate to function as an electron acceptor in... | 10.1128/jb.114.2.563-570.1973 |
74 | D-serine transport system in Escherichia coli K-12. | [
"The d-serine transport system in Escherichia coli K-12 was studied by use of a mutant unable to form d-serine deaminase, yet resistant to d-serine.",
"The mutant is greatly impaired in its ability to accumulate d-serine, d-alanine, and glycine.",
"Transport of l-alanine is partially affected but transport of l... | 10.1128/jb.114.2.679-684.1973 |
75 | Metabolism of D-serine in Escherichia coli K-12: mechanism of growth inhibition. | [
"Without significant killing, d-serine at concentrations greater than 50 mug/ml inhibits growth in minimal media of mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 unable to form d-serine deaminase.",
"The mutants eventually recover at lower concentrations.",
"There is no evidence of d-serine toxicity in rich media.",
"Toxi... | 10.1128/jb.114.2.685-694.1973 |
76 | Isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid methylase mutants of Escherichia coli K-12. | [
"Fourteen deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and 10 ribonucleic acid (RNA) methylation mutants were isolated from Escherichia coli K-12 by examining the ability of nucleic acids prepared from clones of unselected mutagenized cells to accept methyl groups from wild-type crude extract.",
"Eleven of the DNA methylation mut... | 10.1128/jb.114.3.1143-1150.1973 |
77 | Excretion of enterochelin by exbA and exbB mutants of Escherichia coli. | [
"Escherichia coli mutants that are insensitive to colicins B and I hyperproduce and excrete the iron chelator enterochelin, which is an inhibitor of these colicins.",
"These mutants are classified as exbA and exbB.",
"The exbA mutants are chromium sensitive and require iron for growth, and the mutations are loc... | 10.1128/jb.114.3.1225-1230.1973 |
78 | Model for the structure of the shape-maintaining layer of the Escherichia coli cell envelope. | [
"The surface area per repeating murein unit (i.e.",
"per molecule of diaminopimelate) has been determined for the cell envelopes of the Escherichia coli strains K-12 and W. This area was constantly found to be 1.3 nm(2).",
"Using this value and other previously determined properties of E. coli murein, a three-d... | 10.1128/jb.114.3.1264-1270.1973 |
79 | S-adenosyl methionine-mediated repression of methionine biosynthetic enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | [
"S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) has been shown to provoke repression of some methionine-specific enzymes in wild-type cells, namely, adenosine triphosphate sulfurylase, sulfite reductase, and homocysteine synthetase.",
"Repressive effects observed in SAM-supplemented cultures should be due to SAM per se, since the in... | 10.1128/jb.114.3.928-933.1973 |
80 | Effect of iron and salt on prodigiosin synthesis in Serratia marcescens. | [
"Serratia marcescens wild-types ATCC 264 and Nima grew but did not synthesize prodigiosin in a glycerol-alanine medium containing 10 ng of Fe per ml.",
"Wild-type 264 required the addition of 0.2 mug of Fe per ml for maximal growth and prodigiosin synthesis; Nima required 0.5 mug of Fe per ml.",
"Three percent,... | 10.1128/jb.114.3.999-1006.1973 |
81 | Common mechanism for repellents and attractants in bacterial chemotaxis. | [
"The migrational response of Salmonella typhimurium away from compounds such as phenol, indole, acetic acid, and leucine occurs because the bacteria tumble less frequently while descending gradients of repellents.",
"This contrasts with their response of tumbling less frequently while ascending gradients of attra... | 10.1126/science.181.4094.60 |
82 | Differences in the response of rabbit small intestine to heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins of Escherichia coli. | [
"The response of adult rabbit small intestine to the heat-stable (ST) and heat-labile (LT) enterotoxins of Escherichia coli has been investigated by employing the ligated loop technique.",
"Fluid accumulation was determined in relation to enterotoxin dose and duration of gut exposure.",
"The individual response... | 10.1128/iai.7.6.873-880.1973 |
83 | Quantitative immunoelectrophoretic methods as tools for a polyvalent approach to standardization in the immunochemistry of Candida albicans. | [
"Quantitative immunoelectrophoresis allows a polyvalent approach to immuno-chemical problems, i.e., identification, quantitation, and thereby standardization of antigens and antibodies in complex mixtures, for example as in crude extracts of microorganisms and their corresponding antisera.",
"This approach is a s... | 10.1128/iai.7.6.949-960.1973 |
84 | Diabetes in mice after Coxsackie B 4 virus infection. | [
"The intraperitoneal inoculation of CD(1) mice with Coxsackie virus B(4) resulted in the raising of blood sugar levels to diabetic values 12 days after the administration of the virus.",
"Serum insulin remained inappropriately low.",
"Light microscopy changes in the islets of Langerhans showed mononuclear cell ... | 10.1136/bmj.3.5870.25 |
85 | Regulation of intracellular proteolysis in Escherichia coli. | [
"Individual nitrogenous metabolites have been examined as regulating agents for the breakdown of intracellular proteins in Escherichia coli.",
"Generally, NH(4) (+) is the most effective regulator.",
"Its depletion progressively increases the basal proteolytic rate to maximum in most strains when the doubling t... | 10.1128/jb.115.1.107-116.1973 |
86 | Phenotypic suppression of a fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase mutation in Escherichia coli. | [
"Strain NP 315 of Escherichia coli possesses a thermolabile fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) aldolase; its growth on carbohydrate substrates is inhibited probably as a consequence of the accumulation of high intracellular levels of FDP.",
"Studies of one class of phenotypic revertants of strain NP 315 which have r... | 10.1128/jb.115.1.268-276.1973 |
87 | Characterization and genetic analysis of a mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 with rounded morphology. | [
"A morphological mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 that grows as round cells at 30, 37, or 42 C in a variety of complex and synthetic media has been isolated and characterized.",
"The gene concerned, designated rodA, has been shown to be on the chromosome between the purE and pyrC loci and to be located at about mi... | 10.1128/jb.115.1.436-442.1973 |
88 | Resistance to arsenic compounds conferred by a plasmid transmissible between strains of Escherichia coli. | [
"A plasmid, R773, which confers resistance to arsenic compounds, is transmissible between strains of Escherichia coli.",
"It is a member of compatibility group F(1)."
] | 10.1128/jb.115.1.459-460.1973 |
89 | Very long-chain fatty acids in yeast. | [
"Novel fatty acids ranging from 20 to 30 carbons have been found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.",
"These comprise 1 to 2% of the total fatty acid fraction."
] | 10.1128/jb.115.1.464-466.1973 |
90 | Properties of metK mutants of Escherichia coli K-12. | [
"Some of the properties of three metK mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 have been examined.",
"All three strains have lower than normal levels of SAM (S-adenosyl-l-methionine) synthetase and elevated levels of cystathionine synthetase and cystathionase.",
"One strain (RG73) appears to have an unstable SAM synthe... | 10.1128/jb.115.1.57-67.1973 |
91 | Induction kinetics of the L-arabinose operon of Escherichia coli. | [
"After addition of l-arabinose to growing Escherichia coli, the l-ribulokinase (EC 2.7.1.16) and l-arabinose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.4) first appear at about 0.7 and 1.4 min, respectively.",
"These times are consistent with the distances of the genes from the ribonucleic acid polymerase initiation site in the operon.... | 10.1128/jb.115.1.9-14.1973 |
92 | Shigella flexneri inhibition by acetic acid. | [
"The degree of Shigella flexneri inhibition by acetic acid in a chemically defined medium was dependent upon the concentration of undissociated acetic acid in the medium.",
"Under the conditions of the experiments, the critical concentration of undissociated acetic acid that completely inhibited S. flexneri multi... | 10.1128/iai.8.1.91-97.1973 |
93 | Phagocytic function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rheumatic diseases. | [
"Phagocytosis of yeast particles by peripheral blood and synovial fluid neutrophils was compared in the sera and synovial fluids from 16 osteoarthritis, 23 rheumatoid arthritis, and 12 miscellaneous arthritis patients.",
"Phagocytosis by normal peripheral blood neutrophils was decreased equally and significantly ... | 10.1172/JCI107342 |
94 | Identification and characterization of subpopulations of lymphocytes in human peripheral blood after fractionation on discontinuous gradients of albumin. The cellular defect in X-linked agammaglobulinemia. | [
"Normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were separated on discontinuous gradients of 17-35% bovine serum albumin (BSA) into nine fractions.",
"Three subpopulations of lymphocytes were obtained.",
"One occupies the top third of the gradient (fractions 1-3, 17-23% BSA) and is rich in cells characterized by a h... | 10.1172/JCI107354 |
95 | Immunochemical study of the malabsorption syndrome with cow's milk intolerance. | [
"The effect of cow's milk provocation on the immunoglobulins in the intestinal mucosa, intestinal juice, stool extracts, as well as on the levels of antibodies to cow's milk and beta-1C/A in serum, was studied in 18 infants with the malabsorption syndrome.",
"The infants improved on breast milk and were therefore... | 10.1136/gut.14.6.491 |
96 | Glomerular deposition of properdin in Henoch-Schönlein syndrome and idiopathic focal nephritis. | [
"Biopsy of renal tissue from four patients with idiopathic focal nephritis and three patients with Henoch-Schönlein syndrome showed that C3 and properdin were deposited with IgA in the glomerular mesangium, C1q could not be detected.",
"These observations suggest that glomerular injury in disorders characterized ... | 10.1136/bmj.3.5875.326 |
97 | Male-specific antigen: modification of potency by the H-2 locus in mice. | [
"Skin grafts from C57BL/10 (B10) male mice survive significantly longer than do B10.BR male skin grafts on (B10 x X B10.BR)F(1) females.",
"This indicates that the H-2 locus influences the potency of the male-specific antigen in mice."
] | 10.1126/science.181.4102.862 |
98 | Mitochondrion of yeast: ultrastructural evidence for one giant, branched organelle per cell. | [
"Three-dimensional models constructed from 80 to 150 consecutive serial sections of entire yeast cells showed that all the separate mitochondrial profiles were cross sections through a single, branching, tubular structure about 50 to 60 micrometers in length and 200 to 600 nanometers in diameter.",
"The data are ... | 10.1126/science.181.4101.749 |
99 | Transport of vitamin B12 in Escherichia coli: common receptor sites for vitamin B12 and the E colicins on the outer membrane of the cell envelope. | [
"The first step in the transport of cyanocobalamin (CN-B(12)) by cells of Escherichia coli was shown previously to consist of binding of the B(12) to specific receptor sites located on the outer membrane of the cell envelope.",
"In this paper, evidence is presented that these B(12) receptor sites also function as... | 10.1128/jb.115.2.506-513.1973 |
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Verification Dataset for SciClaims
This is the verification dataset used in the 2025 EMNLP demonstration paper SciClaims: An End-to-End Generative System for Biomedical Claim Analysis (Ortega and Gómez-Pérez).
The dataset contains approximately 4.7 million PubMed abstracts published between 2000 and 2022. The records were selected using Semantic Scholar's Highly Influential Citations metric, requiring each article to be supported by at least three highly influential citations. This selection criterion was used to prioritize publications that have received substantial scholarly attention and to provide a high-quality collection of documents for scientific claim verification.
Data provenance
The dataset was constructed from records retrieved from PubMed, which is maintained by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). The dataset contains bibliographic information and abstracts as provided by PubMed.
The abstracts and other third-party content have not been manually annotated, rewritten, or otherwise modified by the dataset authors. The principal contribution of this dataset is the selection and curation of the PubMed records according to the criterion described above.
Licensing and third-party rights
This repository does not claim copyright ownership of the individual abstracts contained in the dataset. Copyright and other rights in individual abstracts may belong to their respective authors, publishers, or other rights holders.
Accordingly, no licence granted by the dataset authors should be understood as granting rights to third-party copyrighted material contained in the dataset.
Users are responsible for determining whether their intended use of the dataset complies with applicable copyright, database rights, and other applicable laws and with the terms applicable to the underlying sources.
For information concerning PubMed and NLM policies, please consult the relevant NLM/PubMed documentation. For individual abstracts, users should also consider the rights and licensing terms applicable to the corresponding publications.
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