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Array to BST \| Practice \| GeeksforGeeks	Given a sorted array. Convert it into a Height balanced Binary Search Tree (BST). Find the preorder traversal of height balanced BST. If there exist many such balanced BST consider the tree whose preorder is lexicographically smallest. Height balanced BST means a binary tree in which the depth of the left subtree and t...	[ { "code": null, "e": 618, "s": 238, "text": "Given a sorted array. Convert it into a Height balanced Binary Search Tree (BST). Find the preorder traversal of height balanced BST. If there exist many such balanced BST consider the tree whose preorder is lexicographically smallest.\nHeight balanced BS...
Rendering OpenAI Gym Envs on Binder and Google Colab \| by David R. Pugh \| Towards Data Science	I am currently using my COVID-19 imposed quarantine to expand my deep learning skills by completing the Deep Reinforcement Learning Nanodegree from Udacity. Almost immediately I ran into the tedious problem of getting my simulations to render properly when training on remote servers. In particular, getting OpenAI Gym e...	[ { "code": null, "e": 456, "s": 171, "text": "I am currently using my COVID-19 imposed quarantine to expand my deep learning skills by completing the Deep Reinforcement Learning Nanodegree from Udacity. Almost immediately I ran into the tedious problem of getting my simulations to render properly whe...
Run a Python program from PHP	In PHP, the ‘shell_exec’ function can be used. It can be executed via the shell and the result can be returned as a string. It returns an error if NULL is passed from the command line or returns no output at all. Below is a code demonstration of the same − <?php $command_exec = escapeshellcmd('path-to-.py-file'); ...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1275, "s": 1062, "text": "In PHP, the ‘shell_exec’ function can be used. It can be executed via the shell and the result can be returned as a string. It returns an error if NULL is passed from the command line or returns no output at all." }, { "code": null, "e": 131...
Serving html pages from node.js	So far we sent html code directly from the send(0 function in response object. For sending larger code, we definitely require to have a separate file for html code. sendFile() function− Response object gives a sendFile() function to return a html file to client. How to provide path to html file in sendFile() ? We impor...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1227, "s": 1062, "text": "So far we sent html code directly from the send(0 function in response object. For sending larger code, we definitely require to have a separate file for html code." }, { "code": null, "e": 1248, "s": 1227, "text": "sendFile() functi...
Q-Learning Algorithm: From Explanation to Implementation \| by Amrani Amine \| Towards Data Science	In my today’s medium post, I will teach you how to implement the Q-Learning algorithm. But before that, I will first explain the idea behind Q-Learning and its limitation. Please be sure to have some Reinforcement Learning (RL) basics. Otherwise, please check my previous post about the intuition and the key math behind...	[ { "code": null, "e": 497, "s": 172, "text": "In my today’s medium post, I will teach you how to implement the Q-Learning algorithm. But before that, I will first explain the idea behind Q-Learning and its limitation. Please be sure to have some Reinforcement Learning (RL) basics. Otherwise, please c...
HTML - Layouts	A webpage layout is very important to give better look to your website. It takes considerable time to design a website's layout with great look and feel. Now-a-days, all modern websites are using CSS and JavaScript based framework to come up with responsive and dynamic websites but you can create a good layout using si...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2528, "s": 2374, "text": "A webpage layout is very important to give better look to your website. It takes considerable time to design a website's layout with great look and feel." }, { "code": null, "e": 2909, "s": 2528, "text": "Now-a-days, all modern websi...
Loop through array and edit string JavaScript	Let’s say, we have to write a function, say translate() that accepts a string as the first argument and any number of words after that. The string will actually contain n $ signs like this − This $0 is more $1 just a $2. Then there will be 3 strings which will replace the corresponding places. For example − If the func...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1198, "s": 1062, "text": "Let’s say, we have to write a function, say translate() that accepts a string as the first argument\nand any number of words after that." }, { "code": null, "e": 1253, "s": 1198, "text": "The string will actually contain n $ signs li...
Query API’s with Json Output in Python \| by Alexandra Yanina \| Towards Data Science	If you are a Data Science beginner, you will often work in courses and tutorials with .csv files that are easy to read into Pandas dataframes. In practice, however, you often need to access API’s and get data in Json format. This data often contains nested lists and dictionaries. So today I will explain how to query an...	[ { "code": null, "e": 453, "s": 172, "text": "If you are a Data Science beginner, you will often work in courses and tutorials with .csv files that are easy to read into Pandas dataframes. In practice, however, you often need to access API’s and get data in Json format. This data often contains neste...
Find the count of EMPTY or NULL columns in a MySQL table?	Let us first create a table − mysql> create table DemoTable781 ( Name varchar(100) ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.66 sec) Insert some records in the table using insert command − mysql> insert into DemoTable781 values(''); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.29 sec) mysql> insert into DemoTable781 values('Chris'); Query OK,...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1092, "s": 1062, "text": "Let us first create a table −" }, { "code": null, "e": 1188, "s": 1092, "text": "mysql> create table DemoTable781 (\n Name varchar(100)\n);\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.66 sec)" }, { "code": null, "e": 1244, "s": 1...
Find the cordinates of the fourth vertex of a rectangle with given 3 vertices in Python	Suppose we have a grid of size Q * P, this grid contains exactly three asterisk '' and every other cell there is dot '.', where '' is for a vertex of a rectangle. We have to find the coordinates of the missing vertex. Here we will consider 1-based indexing. So, if the input is like grid = [ "..", "...", ".*" ], the...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1322, "s": 1062, "text": "Suppose we have a grid of size Q * P, this grid contains exactly three asterisk '' and every other cell there is dot '.', where '' is for a vertex of a rectangle. We have to find the coordinates of the missing vertex. Here we will consider 1-based ind...
Node.js Date.parse() API - GeeksforGeeks	12 Mar, 2021 The date-and-time.Date.parse() is a minimalist collection of functions for manipulating JS date and time module which is used to parse the date according to a certain pattern. Required Module: Install the module by npm or used it locally. By using npm. npm install date-and-time --save By using CDN link. <s...	[ { "code": null, "e": 24531, "s": 24503, "text": "\n12 Mar, 2021" }, { "code": null, "e": 24707, "s": 24531, "text": "The date-and-time.Date.parse() is a minimalist collection of functions for manipulating JS date and time module which is used to parse the date according to a cert...
Python 3 - os.chmod() Method	The method chmod() changes the mode of path to the passed numeric mode. The mode may take one of the following values or bitwise ORed combinations of them − stat.S_ISUID − Set user ID on execution. stat.S_ISUID − Set user ID on execution. stat.S_ISGID − Set group ID on execution. stat.S_ISGID − Set group ID on executio...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2497, "s": 2340, "text": "The method chmod() changes the mode of path to the passed numeric mode. The mode may take one of the following values or bitwise ORed combinations of them −" }, { "code": null, "e": 2538, "s": 2497, "text": "stat.S_ISUID − Set user I...
PL/SQL - Nested IF-THEN-ELSE Statements	It is always legal in PL/SQL programming to nest the IF-ELSE statements, which means you can use one IF or ELSE IF statement inside another IF or ELSE IF statement(s). IF( boolean_expression 1)THEN -- executes when the boolean expression 1 is true IF(boolean_expression 2) THEN -- executes when the boole...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2233, "s": 2065, "text": "It is always legal in PL/SQL programming to nest the IF-ELSE statements, which means you can use one IF or ELSE IF statement inside another IF or ELSE IF statement(s)." }, { "code": null, "e": 2549, "s": 2233, "text": "IF( boolean_ex...
Find the minimum element in a sorted and rotated array - GeeksforGeeks	23 Feb, 2022 A sorted array is rotated at some unknown point, find the minimum element in it. The following solution assumes that all elements are distinct. Examples: Input: {5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4} Output: 1 Input: {1, 2, 3, 4} Output: 1 Input: {2, 1} Output: 1 A simple solution is to traverse the complete array and find...	[ { "code": null, "e": 41276, "s": 41248, "text": "\n23 Feb, 2022" }, { "code": null, "e": 41420, "s": 41276, "text": "A sorted array is rotated at some unknown point, find the minimum element in it. The following solution assumes that all elements are distinct." }, { "code...
Check whether BST contains Dead End or not - GeeksforGeeks	07 Mar, 2022 Given a Binary search Tree that contains positive integer values greater than 0. The task is to check whether the BST contains a dead end or not. Here Dead End means, we are not able to insert any element after that node.Examples: Input : 8 / \ 5 9 / \ ...	[ { "code": null, "e": 25336, "s": 25308, "text": "\n07 Mar, 2022" }, { "code": null, "e": 25569, "s": 25336, "text": "Given a Binary search Tree that contains positive integer values greater than 0. The task is to check whether the BST contains a dead end or not. Here Dead End mea...
Angular10 getLocaleId() Function - GeeksforGeeks	30 Apr, 2021 In this article, we are going to see what is getLocaleId in Angular 10 and how to use it. The getLocaleId is used to get the locale ID from the current locale. Syntax: getLocaleId(locale: string): string NgModule: Module used by getLocaleId is: CommonModule Approach: Create the angular app to be used In ap...	[ { "code": null, "e": 25109, "s": 25081, "text": "\n30 Apr, 2021" }, { "code": null, "e": 25199, "s": 25109, "text": "In this article, we are going to see what is getLocaleId in Angular 10 and how to use it." }, { "code": null, "e": 25269, "s": 25199, "text": "...
Changing the color of an axis in Matplotlib	First, we can get the axes. Then, ax.spines could help to set the color by specifying the name of the axes, i.e., top, bottom, right and left. Add an axes to the current figure and make it the current axes. Add an axes to the current figure and make it the current axes. Using step 1 axes, we can set the color of all th...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1205, "s": 1062, "text": "First, we can get the axes. Then, ax.spines could help to set the color by specifying the name of the axes, i.e., top, bottom, right and left." }, { "code": null, "e": 1269, "s": 1205, "text": "Add an axes to the current figure and m...
Marker interface in Java programming.	An empty interface in Java is known as a marker interface i.e. it does not contain any methods or fields by implementing these interfaces a class will exhibit a special behavior with respect to the interface implemented. java.lang.Cloneable and java.io.Serializable are examples of marker interfaces. Consider the follow...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1363, "s": 1062, "text": "An empty interface in Java is known as a marker interface i.e. it does not contain any methods or fields by implementing these interfaces a class will exhibit a special behavior with respect to the interface implemented. java.lang.Cloneable and java.io....
Git - Patch Operation	Patch is a text file, whose contents are similar to Git diff, but along with code, it also has metadata about commits; e.g., commit ID, date, commit message, etc. We can create a patch from commits and other people can apply them to their repository. Jerry implements the strcat function for his project. Jerry can creat...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2296, "s": 2045, "text": "Patch is a text file, whose contents are similar to Git diff, but along with code, it also has metadata about commits; e.g., commit ID, date, commit message, etc. We can create a patch from commits and other people can apply them to their repository." ...
Count the Number of matching characters in a pair of string in Python	We are given two strings. We need to find the count it of the characters in the first string which are also present in a second string. The set function gives us unique values all the elements in a string. We also use the the & operator which finds the common elements between the two given strings. Live Demo strA = 'T...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1198, "s": 1062, "text": "We are given two strings. We need to find the count it of the characters in the first string which are also present in a second string." }, { "code": null, "e": 1362, "s": 1198, "text": "The set function gives us unique values all th...
Train Image Recognition AI with 5 lines of code \| by Moses Olafenwa \| Towards Data Science	In this article, we will briefly introduce the field of artificial intelligence, particularly in computer vision, the challenges involved, the existing modern solutions to these challenges and how you can apply these solutions conveniently and easily without taking much time and effort. Artificial Intelligence has for ...	[ { "code": null, "e": 460, "s": 172, "text": "In this article, we will briefly introduce the field of artificial intelligence, particularly in computer vision, the challenges involved, the existing modern solutions to these challenges and how you can apply these solutions conveniently and easily with...
Dynamic Spinner in Kotlin - GeeksforGeeks	28 Mar, 2022 Android Spinner is a view similar to dropdown list which is used to select one option from the list of options. It provides an easy way to select one item from the list of items and it shows a dropdown list of all values when we click on it. Default value of the android spinner will be currently selected v...	[ { "code": null, "e": 23753, "s": 23725, "text": "\n28 Mar, 2022" }, { "code": null, "e": 23995, "s": 23753, "text": "Android Spinner is a view similar to dropdown list which is used to select one option from the list of options. It provides an easy way to select one item from the...
Explain attributes and the different types of attributes in DBMS?	Attributes are the properties which describe an entity. Example The attributes of student entity are as follows − Roll number Roll number Name Name Branch Branch Age Age The different types of attributes are as follows − It can be divided into smaller sub parts, each sub part can form an independent attribute. For exam...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1118, "s": 1062, "text": "Attributes are the properties which describe an entity." }, { "code": null, "e": 1126, "s": 1118, "text": "Example" }, { "code": null, "e": 1176, "s": 1126, "text": "The attributes of student entity are as follows...
Convert characters of a string to opposite case - GeeksforGeeks	16 Mar, 2022 Given a string, convert the characters of the string into opposite case,i.e. if a character is lower case then convert it into upper case and vice-versa. Examples: Input : geeksForgEeks Output : GEEKSfORGeEKS Input : hello every one Output : HELLO EVERY ONE ASCII values of alphabets: A – Z = 65 to 90, ...	[ { "code": null, "e": 25186, "s": 25158, "text": "\n16 Mar, 2022" }, { "code": null, "e": 25341, "s": 25186, "text": "Given a string, convert the characters of the string into opposite case,i.e. if a character is lower case then convert it into upper case and vice-versa. " }, ...
Creating a Pandas Series from Lists - GeeksforGeeks	06 Jan, 2019 A Series is a one-dimensional labeled array capable of holding any data type (integers, strings, floating point numbers, Python objects, etc.). It has to be remembered that unlike Python lists, a Series will always contain data of the same type. Let’s see how to create a Pandas Series from lists. Method #1...	[ { "code": null, "e": 24844, "s": 24816, "text": "\n06 Jan, 2019" }, { "code": null, "e": 25090, "s": 24844, "text": "A Series is a one-dimensional labeled array capable of holding any data type (integers, strings, floating point numbers, Python objects, etc.). It has to be rememb...
Query a nested field within an array with MongoDB	To query a nested field within an array, use $elemMatch in MongoDB. Let us create a collection with documents − > db.demo153.insertOne({"ClientDetails":[{"ClientName":"Chris","ClientProject":"Online Banking System"},{"ClientName":"David","ClientProject":"Online School Management"}]}); { "acknowledged" : true, "in...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1174, "s": 1062, "text": "To query a nested field within an array, use $elemMatch in MongoDB. Let us create a collection with documents −" }, { "code": null, "e": 1680, "s": 1174, "text": "> db.demo153.insertOne({\"ClientDetails\":[{\"ClientName\":\"Chris\",\...
Ext.js - Class System	Ext JS is a JavaScript framework having functionalities of object oriented programming. Ext is the namespace, which encapsulates all the classes in Ext JS. Ext provides more than 300 classes, which we can use for various functionalities. Ext.define() is used for defining the classes in Ext JS. Ext.define(class name, cl...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2179, "s": 2023, "text": "Ext JS is a JavaScript framework having functionalities of object oriented programming. Ext is the namespace, which encapsulates all the classes in Ext JS." }, { "code": null, "e": 2261, "s": 2179, "text": "Ext provides more than 300...
Network Visualizations with GRANDstack \| by Tomaz Bratanic \| Towards Data Science	Throughout the years, I have worked on a couple of Neo4j projects. Almost all the projects have in common that there was a need to develop a custom network visualization tool that would allow end-users to explore the graph without having to learn any Cypher query language syntax. This blog post will present a simple ne...	[ { "code": null, "e": 695, "s": 172, "text": "Throughout the years, I have worked on a couple of Neo4j projects. Almost all the projects have in common that there was a need to develop a custom network visualization tool that would allow end-users to explore the graph without having to learn any Cyph...
Scala Stack take() method with example - GeeksforGeeks	03 Nov, 2019 In Scala Stack class, the take() method is utilized to return a stack consisting of the first ‘n’ elements of the stack. Method Definition: def take(n: Int): Stack[A] Return Type: It returns a stack consisting of the first ‘n’ elements of the stack. Example #1: // Scala program of take() // method // Imp...	[ { "code": null, "e": 24138, "s": 24110, "text": "\n03 Nov, 2019" }, { "code": null, "e": 24259, "s": 24138, "text": "In Scala Stack class, the take() method is utilized to return a stack consisting of the first ‘n’ elements of the stack." }, { "code": null, "e": 24305...
PyQt5 – Setting and accessing WHATS THIS help text for Status Bar - GeeksforGeeks	26 Mar, 2020 n PyQt5 there are lots of widgets and bars and when we tend to make an application, we end up putting lots of windows and for each window there exit status bar. Sometimes we can’t remember why this status bar is used and what is this status bar. That’s why for back-end purposes PyQt5 allows us to set help ...	[ { "code": null, "e": 25034, "s": 25006, "text": "\n26 Mar, 2020" }, { "code": null, "e": 25423, "s": 25034, "text": "n PyQt5 there are lots of widgets and bars and when we tend to make an application, we end up putting lots of windows and for each window there exit status bar. So...
Control Structures in Programming Languages - GeeksforGeeks	16 Jan, 2020 Control Structures are just a way to specify flow of control in programs. Any algorithm or program can be more clear and understood if they use self-contained modules called as logic or control structures. It basically analyzes and chooses in which direction a program flows based on certain parameters or c...	[ { "code": null, "e": 24648, "s": 24620, "text": "\n16 Jan, 2020" }, { "code": null, "e": 25034, "s": 24648, "text": "Control Structures are just a way to specify flow of control in programs. Any algorithm or program can be more clear and understood if they use self-contained modu...
Blazing Fast Data Wrangling With R data.table \| by Thu Vu \| Towards Data Science	Update March 2020: You can find a very interesting comparison between data.tableand dplyr here. I have recently noticed that every R script I wrote starts with library(data.table). And that seems a very compelling reason for me to write a post about it. You may have seen that as the machine learning community is develo...	[ { "code": null, "e": 268, "s": 172, "text": "Update March 2020: You can find a very interesting comparison between data.tableand dplyr here." }, { "code": null, "e": 426, "s": 268, "text": "I have recently noticed that every R script I wrote starts with library(data.table). And t...
Google Charts - Basic Timelines Chart	Following is an example of a basic timelines chart. We've already seen the configuration used to draw this chart in Google Charts Configuration Syntax chapter. So, let's see the complete example. We've used Timeline class to show timelines diagram. //Timeline chart var chart = new google.visualization.Timeline(document...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2457, "s": 2261, "text": "Following is an example of a basic timelines chart. We've already seen the configuration used to draw this chart in Google Charts Configuration Syntax chapter. So, let's see the complete example." }, { "code": null, "e": 2510, "s": 2457,...
Python - Get Indices of Even Elements from list - GeeksforGeeks	23 Jan, 2020 Sometimes, while working with Python lists, we can have a problem in which we wish to find Even elements. This task can occur in many domains such as web development and while working with Databases. We might sometimes, require to just find the indices of them. Let’s discuss certain way to find indices of ...	[ { "code": null, "e": 24041, "s": 24013, "text": "\n23 Jan, 2020" }, { "code": null, "e": 24363, "s": 24041, "text": "Sometimes, while working with Python lists, we can have a problem in which we wish to find Even elements. This task can occur in many domains such as web developme...
Haskell - Function Composition	Function Composition is the process of using the output of one function as an input of another function. It will be better if we learn the mathematics behind composition. In mathematics, composition is denoted by f{g(x)} where g() is a function and its output in used as an input of another function, that is, f(). Funct...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2230, "s": 1915, "text": "Function Composition is the process of using the output of one function as an input of another function. It will be better if we learn the mathematics behind composition. In mathematics, composition is denoted by f{g(x)} where g() is a function and its ...
RPAD() Function in MySQL - GeeksforGeeks	21 Jun, 2021 RPAD() function in MySQL is used to pad or add a string to the right side of the original string. Syntax : RPAD(str, len, padstr) Parameter : This function accepts three parameter as mentioned above and described below : str : The actual string which is to be padded. If the length of the original stri...	[ { "code": null, "e": 23913, "s": 23885, "text": "\n21 Jun, 2021" }, { "code": null, "e": 24012, "s": 23913, "text": "RPAD() function in MySQL is used to pad or add a string to the right side of the original string. " }, { "code": null, "e": 24023, "s": 24012, ...
How does MySQL handle out of range numeric values?	Handling of MySQL numeric value that is out of allowed range of column data type depends upon the SQL mode in following ways − (A) Enabled SQL strict mode - When strict SQL mode is enabled, MySQL returns the error on entering the put-of-range value. In this case, the insertion of some or all the values got failed. For ...	[ { "code": null, "e": 1189, "s": 1062, "text": "Handling of MySQL numeric value that is out of allowed range of column data type depends upon the SQL mode in following ways −" }, { "code": null, "e": 1378, "s": 1189, "text": "(A) Enabled SQL strict mode - When strict SQL mode is e...
Cassandra - Shell Commands	Cassandra provides documented shell commands in addition to CQL commands. Given below are the Cassandra documented shell commands. The HELP command displays a synopsis and a brief description of all cqlsh commands. Given below is the usage of help command. cqlsh> help Documented shell commands: =======================...	[ { "code": null, "e": 2418, "s": 2287, "text": "Cassandra provides documented shell commands in addition to CQL commands. Given below are the Cassandra documented shell commands." }, { "code": null, "e": 2544, "s": 2418, "text": "The HELP command displays a synopsis and a brief de...
Different Types of Normalization in Tensorflow \| by Vardan Agarwal \| Towards Data Science	When normalization was introduced in deep learning, it was the next big thing and improved performances considerably. Getting it right can be a crucial factor for your model. Ever had those questions whatever the hell is batch normalization and how does it improve performances. Also are there any substitutes for it? If...	[ { "code": null, "e": 626, "s": 172, "text": "When normalization was introduced in deep learning, it was the next big thing and improved performances considerably. Getting it right can be a crucial factor for your model. Ever had those questions whatever the hell is batch normalization and how does i...
How to scrape ANY website with python and beautiful soup (static web) \| by Patrick Collins \| Towards Data Science	Note: This is a purely technical tutorial. Please check with the policies of the website before engaging in any scraping. For those who want to see it done in front of your eyes, check out my YouTube video at the bottom of the page. Scraping the web can be done for a TON of reasons. Do you want to get stats on your foo...	[ { "code": null, "e": 294, "s": 172, "text": "Note: This is a purely technical tutorial. Please check with the policies of the website before engaging in any scraping." }, { "code": null, "e": 405, "s": 294, "text": "For those who want to see it done in front of your eyes, check o...