task_url
stringlengths
30
116
task_name
stringlengths
2
86
task_description
stringlengths
0
14.4k
language_url
stringlengths
2
53
language_name
stringlengths
1
52
code
stringlengths
0
61.9k
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Raven
Raven
define getScaleFactor use $v [ 0.1 0.18 0.26 0.32 0.38 0.44 0.50 0.54 0.58 0.62 0.66 0.70 0.74 0.78 0.82 0.86 0.90 0.94 0.98 1.0 ] as $vals $v 100 * 1 - 5 / 20 min 0 max 1 prefer dup $v "val: %g indx: %d\n" print $vals swap get   0 100 9 range each 100.0 / dup getScaleFactor swap "%.2g -> %.2g\n" print
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program re─scales a (decimal fraction) price (in the range of: 0¢ ──► $1). */ pad= ' ' /*for inserting spaces into a message. */ do j=0 to 1 by .01 /*process the prices from 0¢ to ≤ $1 */ if j==0 then j= 0.00 /*handle the special case of zero cents*/ say pad 'original price ──►' j pad adjPrice(j) " ◄── adjusted price" end /*j*/ exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ adjPrice: procedure; parse arg ? /*a table is used to facilitate changes*/ select when ?<0.06 then ?= 0.10 when ?<0.11 then ?= 0.18 when ?<0.16 then ?= 0.26 when ?<0.21 then ?= 0.32 when ?<0.26 then ?= 0.38 when ?<0.31 then ?= 0.44 when ?<0.36 then ?= 0.50 when ?<0.41 then ?= 0.54 when ?<0.46 then ?= 0.58 when ?<0.51 then ?= 0.62 when ?<0.56 then ?= 0.66 when ?<0.61 then ?= 0.70 when ?<0.66 then ?= 0.74 when ?<0.71 then ?= 0.78 when ?<0.76 then ?= 0.82 when ?<0.81 then ?= 0.86 when ?<0.86 then ?= 0.90 when ?<0.91 then ?= 0.94 when ?<0.96 then ?= 0.98 when ?<1.01 then ?= 1.00 otherwise nop end /*select*/ return ?
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#Swift
Swift
func properDivs1(n: Int) -> [Int] {   return filter (1 ..< n) { n % $0 == 0 } }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Priority_queue
Priority queue
A priority queue is somewhat similar to a queue, with an important distinction: each item is added to a priority queue with a priority level, and will be later removed from the queue with the highest priority element first. That is, the items are (conceptually) stored in the queue in priority order instead of in insertion order. Task Create a priority queue.   The queue must support at least two operations:   Insertion.   An element is added to the queue with a priority (a numeric value).   Top item removal.   Deletes the element or one of the elements with the current top priority and return it. Optionally, other operations may be defined, such as peeking (find what current top priority/top element is), merging (combining two priority queues into one), etc. To test your implementation, insert a number of elements into the queue, each with some random priority. Then dequeue them sequentially; now the elements should be sorted by priority. You can use the following task/priority items as input data: Priority Task ══════════ ════════════════ 3 Clear drains 4 Feed cat 5 Make tea 1 Solve RC tasks 2 Tax return The implementation should try to be efficient.   A typical implementation has   O(log n)   insertion and extraction time,   where   n   is the number of items in the queue. You may choose to impose certain limits such as small range of allowed priority levels, limited capacity, etc.   If so, discuss the reasons behind it.
#XLISP
XLISP
(define-class priority-queue (instance-variables queue lowest-priority most-urgent) )   (define-method (priority-queue 'initialize limit) (defun setup (x) (vector-set! queue x nil) (if (< x limit) (setup (+ x 1)) ) ) (setq lowest-priority limit) (setq most-urgent limit) (setq queue (make-vector (+ limit 1))) (setup 0) self )   (define-method (priority-queue 'push item priority) (if (and (integerp priority) (>= priority 0) (<= priority lowest-priority)) (progn (setq most-urgent (min priority most-urgent)) (vector-set! queue priority (nconc (vector-ref queue priority) (cons item nil))) ) ) )   (define-method (priority-queue 'pop) (defun find-next (q) (if (or (= q lowest-priority) (not (null (vector-ref queue q)))) q (find-next (+ q 1)) ) ) (define item (car (vector-ref queue most-urgent))) (vector-set! queue most-urgent (cdr (vector-ref queue most-urgent))) (setq most-urgent (find-next most-urgent)) item )   (define-method (priority-queue 'peek) (car (vector-ref queue most-urgent)) )   (define-method (priority-queue 'emptyp) (and (= most-urgent lowest-priority) (null (vector-ref queue most-urgent))) )
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Oforth
Oforth
: factors(n) // ( aInteger -- aList ) | k p | ListBuffer new 2 ->k n nsqrt ->p while( k p <= ) [ n k /mod swap ifZero: [ dup ->n nsqrt ->p k over add continue ] drop k 1+ ->k ] n 1 > ifTrue: [ n over add ] dup freeze ;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#Sidef
Sidef
class Point(x=0, y=0) {   }   class Circle(x=0, y=0, r=0) {   }   func pp(Point obj) { say "Point at #{obj.x},#{obj.y}"; }   func pp(Circle obj) { say "Circle at #{obj.x},#{obj.y} with radius #{obj.r}"; }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#SIMPOL
SIMPOL
type mypoint(mypoint) embed export embed integer x integer y   reference function copy function print end type     function mypoint.new(mypoint me, integer x=0, integer y=0) me.x = x me.y = y end function me     function mypoint.copy(mypoint me) mypoint p   p =@ mypoint.new(me.x, me.y) end function p     function mypoint.print(mypoint me) end function "mypoint"     type circle(mypoint) embed export reference mypoint midpoint resolve   embed integer radius   reference function copy function print end type     function circle.new(circle me, integer x=0, integer y=0, integer radius=0, mypoint midpoint) if midpoint =@= .nul me.midpoint =@ mypoint.new(x, y) else me.x = midpoint.x me.y = midpoint.y end if   me.radius = radius end function me     function circle.copy(circle me) circle c   c =@ circle.new(radius=me.radius, midpoint=me.midpoint) end function c     function circle.print(circle me) end function "circle"     function main() type(mypoint) p, c string result   p =@ mypoint.new() c =@ circle.new()   result = p.print() + "{d}{a}" + c.print() + "{d}{a}" end function result
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Perl
Perl
use strict; use warnings; use feature 'say';   sub evil { my $i = 0; sub { $i++ while population_count($i) % 2; $i++ } }   sub odious { my $i = 0; sub { $i++ until population_count($i) % 2; $i++ } }   sub population_count { my $n = shift; my $c; for ($c = 0; $n; $n >>= 1) { $c += $n & 1 } $c }   say join ' ', map { population_count 3**$_ } 0 .. 30 - 1;   my (@evil, @odious); my ($evil, $odious) = (evil, odious); push( @evil, $evil->() ), push @odious, $odious->() for 1 .. 30;   say "Evil @evil"; say "Odious @odious";
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#PHP
PHP
  <?php function get_subset($binary, $arr) { // based on true/false values in $binary array, include/exclude // values from $arr $subset = array(); foreach (range(0, count($arr)-1) as $i) { if ($binary[$i]) { $subset[] = $arr[count($arr) - $i - 1]; } } return $subset; }   function print_array($arr) { if (count($arr) > 0) { echo join(" ", $arr); } else { echo "(empty)"; } echo '<br>'; }   function print_power_sets($arr) { echo "POWER SET of [" . join(", ", $arr) . "]<br>"; foreach (power_set($arr) as $subset) { print_array($subset); } }   function power_set($arr) { $binary = array(); foreach (range(1, count($arr)) as $i) { $binary[] = false; } $n = count($arr); $powerset = array();   while (count($binary) <= count($arr)) { $powerset[] = get_subset($binary, $arr); $i = 0; while (true) { if ($binary[$i]) { $binary[$i] = false; $i += 1; } else { $binary[$i] = true; break; } } $binary[$i] = true; }   return $powerset; }   print_power_sets(array()); print_power_sets(array('singleton')); print_power_sets(array('dog', 'c', 'b', 'a')); ?>  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Groovy
Groovy
def isPrime = { it == 2 || it > 1 && (2..Math.max(2, (int) Math.sqrt(it))).every{ k -> it % k != 0 } }   (0..20).grep(isPrime)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Ring
Ring
  see pricefraction(0.5)   func pricefraction n if n < 0.06 return 0.10 ok if n < 0.11 return 0.18 ok if n < 0.16 return 0.26 ok if n < 0.21 return 0.32 ok if n < 0.26 return 0.38 ok if n < 0.31 return 0.44 ok if n < 0.36 return 0.50 ok if n < 0.41 return 0.54 ok if n < 0.46 return 0.58 ok if n < 0.51 return 0.62 ok if n < 0.56 return 0.66 ok if n < 0.61 return 0.70 ok if n < 0.66 return 0.74 ok if n < 0.71 return 0.78 ok if n < 0.76 return 0.82 ok if n < 0.81 return 0.86 ok if n < 0.86 return 0.90 ok if n < 0.91 return 0.94 ok if n < 0.96 return 0.98 ok return 1    
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Ruby
Ruby
def rescale_price_fraction(value) raise ArgumentError, "value=#{value}, must have: 0 <= value < 1.01" if value < 0 || value >= 1.01 if value < 0.06 then 0.10 elsif value < 0.11 then 0.18 elsif value < 0.16 then 0.26 elsif value < 0.21 then 0.32 elsif value < 0.26 then 0.38 elsif value < 0.31 then 0.44 elsif value < 0.36 then 0.50 elsif value < 0.41 then 0.54 elsif value < 0.46 then 0.58 elsif value < 0.51 then 0.62 elsif value < 0.56 then 0.66 elsif value < 0.61 then 0.70 elsif value < 0.66 then 0.74 elsif value < 0.71 then 0.78 elsif value < 0.76 then 0.82 elsif value < 0.81 then 0.86 elsif value < 0.86 then 0.90 elsif value < 0.91 then 0.94 elsif value < 0.96 then 0.98 elsif value < 1.01 then 1.00 end end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#tbas
tbas
  dim _proper_divisors(100)   sub proper_divisors(n) dim i dim _proper_divisors_count = 0 if n <> 1 then for i = 1 to (n \ 2) if n %% i = 0 then _proper_divisors_count = _proper_divisors_count + 1 _proper_divisors(_proper_divisors_count) = i end if next end if return _proper_divisors_count end sub   sub show_proper_divisors(n, tabbed) dim cnt = proper_divisors(n) print str$(n) + ":"; tab(4);"(" + str$(cnt) + " items) "; dim j for j = 1 to cnt if tabbed then print str$(_proper_divisors(j)), else print str$(_proper_divisors(j)); end if if (j < cnt) then print ","; next print end sub   dim i for i = 1 to 10 show_proper_divisors(i, false) next   dim c dim maxindex = 0 dim maxlength = 0 for t = 1 to 20000 c = proper_divisors(t) if c > maxlength then maxindex = t maxlength = c end if next   print "A maximum at "; show_proper_divisors(maxindex, false)  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Priority_queue
Priority queue
A priority queue is somewhat similar to a queue, with an important distinction: each item is added to a priority queue with a priority level, and will be later removed from the queue with the highest priority element first. That is, the items are (conceptually) stored in the queue in priority order instead of in insertion order. Task Create a priority queue.   The queue must support at least two operations:   Insertion.   An element is added to the queue with a priority (a numeric value).   Top item removal.   Deletes the element or one of the elements with the current top priority and return it. Optionally, other operations may be defined, such as peeking (find what current top priority/top element is), merging (combining two priority queues into one), etc. To test your implementation, insert a number of elements into the queue, each with some random priority. Then dequeue them sequentially; now the elements should be sorted by priority. You can use the following task/priority items as input data: Priority Task ══════════ ════════════════ 3 Clear drains 4 Feed cat 5 Make tea 1 Solve RC tasks 2 Tax return The implementation should try to be efficient.   A typical implementation has   O(log n)   insertion and extraction time,   where   n   is the number of items in the queue. You may choose to impose certain limits such as small range of allowed priority levels, limited capacity, etc.   If so, discuss the reasons behind it.
#Zig
Zig
  const std = @import("std"); const PriorityQueue = std.PriorityQueue; const Allocator = std.mem.Allocator; const testing = std.testing;   /// wrapper for the task - stores task priority /// along with the task name const Task = struct { const Self = @This();   priority: i32, name: []const u8,   pub fn init(priority: i32, name: []const u8) Self { return Self{ .priority = priority, .name = name, }; } };   /// Simple wrapper for the comparator function. /// Each comparator function has the following signature: /// /// fn(T, T) bool const Comparator = struct { fn maxCompare(a: Task, b: Task) bool { return a.priority > b.priority; }   fn minCompare(a: Task, b: Task) bool { return a.priority < b.priority; } };   test "priority queue (max heap)" { var arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer arena.deinit(); var allocator = &arena.allocator;   var pq = PriorityQueue(Task).init(allocator, Comparator.maxCompare); defer pq.deinit();   try pq.add(Task.init(3, "Clear drains")); try pq.add(Task.init(4, "Feed Cat")); try pq.add(Task.init(5, "Make tea")); try pq.add(Task.init(1, "Solve RC tasks")); try pq.add(Task.init(2, "Tax returns")); testing.expectEqual(pq.count(), 5);   std.debug.print("\n", .{});   // execute the tasks in decreasing order of priority while (pq.count() != 0) { const task = pq.remove(); std.debug.print("Executing: {} (priority {})\n", .{ task.name, task.priority }); } std.debug.print("\n", .{}); }   test "priority queue (min heap)" { var arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(std.heap.page_allocator); defer arena.deinit(); var allocator = &arena.allocator;   var pq = PriorityQueue(Task).init(allocator, Comparator.minCompare); defer pq.deinit();   try pq.add(Task.init(3, "Clear drains")); try pq.add(Task.init(4, "Feed Cat")); try pq.add(Task.init(5, "Make tea")); try pq.add(Task.init(1, "Solve RC tasks")); try pq.add(Task.init(2, "Tax returns")); testing.expectEqual(pq.count(), 5);   std.debug.print("\n", .{});   // execute the tasks in increasing order of priority while (pq.count() != 0) { const task = pq.remove(); std.debug.print("Executing: {} (priority {})\n", .{ task.name, task.priority }); } std.debug.print("\n", .{}); }    
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#PARI.2FGP
PARI/GP
pd(n)={ my(f=factor(n),v=f[,1]~); for(i=1,#v, while(f[i,2]--, v=concat(v,f[i,1]) ) ); vecsort(v) };
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#Smalltalk
Smalltalk
!Object subclass: #Point instanceVariableNames: 'x y' classVariableNames: '' poolDictionaries: '' category: 'polymorphism' !   !Point class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! new ^self newBasic x := 0; y := 0 ! !   !Point class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! x: x y: y ^self newBasic x := x; y := y ! !   !Point methodsFor: 'member access'! x ^x ! !   !Point methodsFor: 'member access'! y ^y ! !   !Point methodsFor: 'member access'! x: x ^self x := x ! !   !Point methodsFor: 'member access'! y: y ^self y := y ! !   !Point methodsFor: 'member access'! x: x y: y ^self x := x; y := y ! !   !Point methodsFor: 'polymorphism test'! print Transcript show: x; space; show: y ! !   !Object subclass: #Circle instanceVariableNames: 'center r' classVariableNames: '' poolDictionaries: '' category: 'polymorphism' !   !Circle class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! new ^self newBasic center := Point new; r := 0 ! !   !Circle class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! radius: radius ^self newBasic center := Point new; r := radius ! !   !Circle class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! at: point radius: r ^self newBasic center := point; r := r ! !   !Circle methodsFor: 'member access'! center ^center ! !   !Circle methodsFor: 'member access'! x: x y: y ^self center x: x y: y ! !   !Circle methodsFor: 'member access'! radius ^r ! !   !Circle methodsFor: 'member access'! radius: radius ^self r := radius ! !   !Circle methodsFor: 'polymorphism test'! print Transcript show: center; space; show: radius ! !
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Phix
Phix
with javascript_semantics function pop_count(atom n) if n<0 then ?9/0 end if integer res = 0 while n!=0 do res += and_bits(n,1) n = floor(n/2) end while return res end function printf(1,"3^x pop_counts:%v\n",{apply(apply(true,power,{3,tagset(29,0)}),pop_count)}) procedure eo(integer b0, string name) sequence s = repeat(0,30) integer k=0, l=1 while l<=30 do if and_bits(pop_count(k),1)=b0 then s[l] = k l += 1 end if k += 1 end while printf(1,"%s numbers:%v\n",{name,s}) end procedure eo(0," evil") eo(1,"odious")
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#PicoLisp
PicoLisp
(de powerset (Lst) (ifn Lst (cons) (let L (powerset (cdr Lst)) (conc (mapcar '((X) (cons (car Lst) X)) L) L ) ) ) )
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#PL.2FI
PL/I
*process source attributes xref or(!); /*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * 06.01.2014 Walter Pachl translated from REXX *-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ powerset: Proc Options(main); Dcl (hbound,index,left,substr) Builtin; Dcl sysprint Print; Dcl s(4) Char(5) Var Init('one','two','three','four'); Dcl ps Char(1000) Var; Dcl (n,chunk,p) Bin Fixed(31); n=hbound(s); /* number of items in the list. */ ps='{} '; /* start with a null power set. */ Do chunk=1 To n; /* loop through the ... . */ ps=ps!!combn(chunk); /* a CHUNK at a time. */ End; Do While(ps>''); p=index(ps,' '); Put Edit(left(ps,p-1))(Skip,a); ps=substr(ps,p+1); End;   combn: Proc(y) Returns(Char(1000) Var); /*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * returns the list of subsets with y elements of set s *-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ Dcl (y,base,bbase,ym,p,j,d,u) Bin Fixed(31); Dcl (z,l) Char(1000) Var Init(''); Dcl a(20) Bin Fixed(31) Init((20)0); Dcl i Bin Fixed(31); base=hbound(s)+1; bbase=base-y; ym=y-1; Do p=1 To y; a(p)=p; End; Do j=1 By 1; l=''; Do d=1 To y; u=a(d); l=l!!','!!s(u); End; z=z!!'{'!!substr(l,2)!!'} '; a(y)=a(y)+1; If a(y)=base Then If combu(ym) Then Leave; End; /* Put Edit('combn',y,z)(Skip,a,f(2),x(1),a); */ Return(z);   combu: Proc(d) Recursive Returns(Bin Fixed(31)); Dcl (d,u) Bin Fixed(31); If d=0 Then Return(1); p=a(d); Do u=d To y; a(u)=p+1; If a(u)=bbase+u Then Return(combu(u-1)); p=a(u); End; Return(0); End; End;   End;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Haskell
Haskell
isPrime n = n==2 || n>2 && all ((> 0).rem n) (2:[3,5..floor.sqrt.fromIntegral $ n+1])
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Run_BASIC
Run BASIC
data .06, .1,.11,.18,.16,.26,.21,.32,.26,.38,.31,.44,.36,.50,.41,.54,.46,.58,.51,.62 data .56,.66,.61,.70,.66,.74,.71,.78,.76,.82,.81,.86,.86,.90,.91,.94,.96,.98   dim od(100) dim nd(100) for i = 1 to 19 read oldDec read newDec j = j + 1 for j = j to oldDec * 100 nd(j) = newDec next j next i   [loop] input "Gimme a number";numb decm = val(using("##",(numb mod 1) * 100)) print numb;" -->";nd(decm)   goto [loop]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Rust
Rust
fn fix_price(num: f64) -> f64 { match num { 0.96...1.00 => 1.00, 0.91...0.96 => 0.98, 0.86...0.91 => 0.94, 0.81...0.86 => 0.90, 0.76...0.81 => 0.86, 0.71...0.76 => 0.82, 0.66...0.71 => 0.78, 0.61...0.66 => 0.74, 0.56...0.61 => 0.70, 0.51...0.56 => 0.66, 0.46...0.51 => 0.62, 0.41...0.46 => 0.58, 0.36...0.41 => 0.54, 0.31...0.36 => 0.50, 0.26...0.31 => 0.44, 0.21...0.26 => 0.38, 0.16...0.21 => 0.32, 0.11...0.16 => 0.26, 0.06...0.11 => 0.18, 0.00...0.06 => 0.10, // panics on invalid value _ => unreachable!(), } }   fn main() { let mut n: f64 = 0.04; while n <= 1.00 { println!("{:.2} => {}", n, fix_price(n)); n += 0.04; } }   // and a unit test to check that we haven't forgotten a branch, use 'cargo test' to execute test. // // typically this could be included in the match as those check for exhaustiveness already // by explicitly listing all remaining ranges / values instead of a catch-all underscore (_) // but f64::NaN, f64::INFINITY and f64::NEG_INFINITY can't be matched like this #[test] fn exhaustiveness_check() { let mut input_price = 0.; while input_price <= 1. { fix_price(input_price); input_price += 0.01; } }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#Tcl
Tcl
proc properDivisors {n} { if {$n == 1} return set divs 1 for {set i 2} {$i*$i <= $n} {incr i} { if {!($n % $i)} { lappend divs $i if {$i*$i < $n} { lappend divs [expr {$n / $i}] } } } return $divs }   for {set i 1} {$i <= 10} {incr i} { puts "$i => {[join [lsort -int [properDivisors $i]] ,]}" } set maxI [set maxC 0] for {set i 1} {$i <= 20000} {incr i} { set c [llength [properDivisors $i]] if {$c > $maxC} { set maxI $i set maxC $c } } puts "max: $maxI => (...$maxC…)"
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Priority_queue
Priority queue
A priority queue is somewhat similar to a queue, with an important distinction: each item is added to a priority queue with a priority level, and will be later removed from the queue with the highest priority element first. That is, the items are (conceptually) stored in the queue in priority order instead of in insertion order. Task Create a priority queue.   The queue must support at least two operations:   Insertion.   An element is added to the queue with a priority (a numeric value).   Top item removal.   Deletes the element or one of the elements with the current top priority and return it. Optionally, other operations may be defined, such as peeking (find what current top priority/top element is), merging (combining two priority queues into one), etc. To test your implementation, insert a number of elements into the queue, each with some random priority. Then dequeue them sequentially; now the elements should be sorted by priority. You can use the following task/priority items as input data: Priority Task ══════════ ════════════════ 3 Clear drains 4 Feed cat 5 Make tea 1 Solve RC tasks 2 Tax return The implementation should try to be efficient.   A typical implementation has   O(log n)   insertion and extraction time,   where   n   is the number of items in the queue. You may choose to impose certain limits such as small range of allowed priority levels, limited capacity, etc.   If so, discuss the reasons behind it.
#zkl
zkl
class PQ{ fcn init(numLevels=10){ // 0..numLevels, bigger # == lower priorty var [const] queue=(1).pump(numLevels+1,List.createLong(numLevels).write,L().copy); } fcn add(item,priorty){ queue[priorty].append(item); } fcn peek{ if(q:=queue.filter1()) return(q[-1]); Void }// -->Void if empty fcn pop { if(q:=queue.filter1()) return(q.pop()); Void }// -->Void if empty var [private] state=L(); fcn [private] next{ // iterate qi,ii:=state; foreach n in ([qi..queue.len()-1]){ q:=queue[n]; if(ii>=q.len()) ii=0; else{ state.clear().append(n,ii+1); return(q[ii]) } } Void.Stop } fcn walker{ state.clear().append(0,0); Walker(next) } // iterator front end fcn toString{ "PQ(%d) items".fmt(queue.reduce(fcn(sum,q){ sum+q.len() },0)) } }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Pascal
Pascal
Program PrimeDecomposition(output);   type DynArray = array of integer;   procedure findFactors(n: Int64; var d: DynArray); var divisor, next, rest: Int64; i: integer; begin i := 0; divisor := 2; next := 3; rest := n; while (rest <> 1) do begin while (rest mod divisor = 0) do begin setlength(d, i+1); d[i] := divisor; inc(i); rest := rest div divisor; end; divisor := next; next := next + 2; end; end;   var factors: DynArray; j: integer;   begin setlength(factors, 1); findFactors(1023*1024, factors); for j := low(factors) to high(factors) do writeln (factors[j]); end.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#Swift
Swift
class RCPoint : Printable { var x: Int var y: Int init(x: Int = 0, y: Int = 0) { self.x = x self.y = y } convenience init(p: RCPoint) { self.init(x:p.x, y:p.y) } var description: String { return "<RCPoint x: \(self.x) y: \(self.y)>" } }   class RCCircle : RCPoint { var r: Int init(p: RCPoint, r: Int = 0) { self.r = r super.init(x:p.x, y:p.y) } init(x: Int = 0, y: Int = 0, r: Int = 0) { self.r = r super.init(x:x, y:y) } convenience init(c: RCCircle) { self.init(x:c.x, y:c.y, r:c.r) } override var description: String { return "<RCCircle x: \(x) y: \(y) r: \(r)>" } }   println(RCPoint()) println(RCPoint(x:3)) println(RCPoint(x:3, y:4)) println(RCCircle()) println(RCCircle(x:3)) println(RCCircle(x:3, y:4)) println(RCCircle(x:3, y:4, r:7)) let p = RCPoint(x:1, y:2) println(RCCircle(p:p)) println(RCCircle(p:p, r:7)) println(p.x) // 1 p.x = 8 println(p.x) // 8
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#Tcl
Tcl
package require TclOO oo::class create Point { variable X Y constructor {x y} { set X $x set Y $y } method x args { set X {*}$args } method y args { set Y {*}$args } method print {} { puts "Point($X,$Y)" } method copy {} { set copy [oo::copy [self]] $copy x $X $copy y $Y return $copy } } oo::class create Circle { superclass Point variable R constructor {x y radius} { next $x $y set R $radius } method radius args { set R {*}$args } method print {} { puts "Circle([my x],[my y],$R)" } method copy {} { set copy [next] $copy radius $R return $copy } } # No destructors: unneeded by these classes   set p [Point new 1.0 2.0] set c [Circle new 3.0 4.0 5.0] set cCopy [$c copy] puts "$p is at ([$p x],[$p y])" $c radius 1.5 set objects [list $p $c $cCopy] foreach o $objects { $o print }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#PHP
PHP
  function convertToBinary($integer) { $binary = "";   do { $quotient = (int) ($integer / 2); $binary .= $integer % 2; $integer = $quotient; } while ($quotient > 0);   return $binary; }   function getPopCount($integer) { $binary = convertToBinary($integer); $offset = 0; $popCount = 0;   do { $pos = strpos($binary, "1", $offset); if($pos !== FALSE) $popCount++; $offset = $pos + 1; } while ($pos !== FALSE);   return $popCount; }   function print3PowPopCounts() { for ($p = 0; $p < 30; $p++) { echo " " . getPopCount(3 ** $p); } }   function printFirst30Evil() { $counter = 0; $pops = 0;   while ($pops < 30) { $popCount = getPopCount($counter); if ($popCount % 2 == 0) { echo " " . $counter; $pops++; } $counter++; } }   function printFirst30Odious() { $counter = 1; $pops = 0;   while ($pops < 30) { $popCount = getPopCount($counter); if ($popCount % 2 != 0) { echo " " . $counter; $pops++; } $counter++; } }   echo "3 ^ x pop counts:"; print3PowPopCounts();   echo "\nfirst 30 evil numbers:"; printFirst30Evil();   echo "\nfirst 30 odious numbers:"; printFirst30Odious();  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#PowerShell
PowerShell
  function power-set ($array) { if($array) { $n = $array.Count function state($set, $i){ if($i -gt -1) { state $set ($i-1) state ($set+@($array[$i])) ($i-1) } else { "$($set | sort)" } } $set = state @() ($n-1) $power = 0..($set.Count-1) | foreach{@(0)} $i = 0 $set | sort | foreach{$power[$i++] = $_.Split()} $power | sort {$_.Count} } else {@()}   } $OFS = " " $setA = power-set @(1,2,3,4) "number of sets in setA: $($setA.Count)" "sets in setA:" $OFS = ", " $setA | foreach{"{"+"$_"+"}"} $setB = @() "number of sets in setB: $($setB.Count)" "sets in setB:" $setB | foreach{"{"+"$_"+"}"} $setC = @(@(), @(@())) "number of sets in setC: $($setC.Count)" "sets in setC:" $setC | foreach{"{"+"$_"+"}"} $OFS = " "  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#HicEst
HicEst
DO n = 1, 1E6 Euler = n^2 + n + 41 IF( Prime(Euler) == 0 ) WRITE(Messagebox) Euler, ' is NOT prime for n =', n ENDDO ! e.g. 1681 = 40^2 + 40 + 41 is NOT prime END   FUNCTION Prime(number) Prime = number == 2 IF( (number > 2) * MOD(number,2) ) THEN DO i = 3, number^0.5, 2 IF(MOD(number,i) == 0) THEN Prime = 0 RETURN ENDIF ENDDO Prime = 1 ENDIF END
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Scala
Scala
def priceFraction(x:Double)=x match { case n if n>=0 && n<0.06 => 0.10 case n if n<0.11 => 0.18 case n if n<0.36 => ((((n*100).toInt-11)/5)*6+26)/100.toDouble case n if n<0.96 => ((((n*100).toInt-31)/5)*4+50)/100.toDouble case _ => 1.00 }   def testPriceFraction()= for(n <- 0.00 to (1.00, 0.01)) println("%.2f  %.2f".format(n, priceFraction(n)))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#VBA
VBA
Public Sub Proper_Divisor() Dim t() As Long, i As Long, l As Long, j As Long, c As Long For i = 1 To 10 Debug.Print "Proper divisor of " & i & " : " & Join(S(i), ", ") Next For i = 2 To 20000 l = UBound(S(i)) + 1 If l > c Then c = l: j = i Next Debug.Print "Number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors is : " & j Debug.Print j & " count " & c & " proper divisors" End Sub   Private Function S(n As Long) As String() 'returns the proper divisors of n Dim j As Long, t() As String, c As Long 't = list of proper divisor of n If n > 1 Then For j = 1 To n \ 2 If n Mod j = 0 Then ReDim Preserve t(c) t(c) = j c = c + 1 End If Next End If S = t End Function
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Perl
Perl
sub prime_factors { my ($n, $d, @out) = (shift, 1); while ($n > 1 && $d++) { $n /= $d, push @out, $d until $n % $d; } @out }   print "@{[prime_factors(1001)]}\n";
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#Wollok
Wollok
  class Point { var x var y new(ax, ay) { this.x = ax this.y = ay } new(point) { this(point.x, point.y) } method getX() { return x } method setX(newX) { x = newX }   method getY() { return y } method setY(newY) { y = newY }   method print() { console.println("Point") } }   class Circle extends Point { var r   new() { this(0,0,0) } new(point, aR) { super(point) ; r = aR } new(aX, aY, aR) { super(aX, aY); r = aR }   method getR() { return r } method setR(newR) { r = newR }   method print() { console.println("Circle") }   }   program polymorphism { val p = new Point() val c = new Circle() p.print() c.print() }  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#Wren
Wren
class Point { construct new(x, y) { _x = x _y = y }   static new(x) { new(x, 0) } static new() { new(0, 0) }   static fromPoint(p) { new(p.x, p.y) }   x { _x } y { _y }   print() { System.print("Point at (%(_x), %(_y))") } }   class Circle is Point { construct new(x, y, r) { super(x, y) _r = r }   static new(x, r) { new(x, 0, r) } static new(x) { new(x, 0, 0) } static new() { new(0, 0, 0) }   static fromCircle(c) { new(c.x, c.y, c.r) }   r { _r }   print() { System.print("Circle at center(%(x), %(y)), radius %(_r)") } }   var points = [Point.new(), Point.new(1), Point.new(2, 3), Point.fromPoint(Point.new(3, 4))] for (point in points) point.print() var circles = [ Circle.new(), Circle.new(1), Circle.new(2, 3), Circle.new(4, 5, 6), Circle.fromCircle(Circle.new(7, 8, 9)) ] for (circle in circles) circle.print()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Picat
Picat
go => println(powers_of_three=[pop_count(3**I) : I in 0..29]), println('evil_numbers '=take_n($evil_number, 30,0)), println('odious_numbers '=take_n($odious_number, 30,0)), nl.   % Get the first N numbers that satisfies function F, starting with S take_n(F,N,S) = L => I = S, C = 0, L = [], while(C < N) if call(F,I) then L := L ++ [I], C := C + 1 end, I := I + 1 end.   evil_number(N) => pop_count(N) mod 2 == 0. odious_number(N) => pop_count(N) mod 2 == 1.   pop_count(N) = sum([1: I in N.to_binary_string(), I = '1']).
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Prolog
Prolog
powerset(X,Y) :- bagof( S, subseq(S,X), Y).   subseq( [], []). subseq( [], [_|_]). subseq( [X|Xs], [X|Ys] ) :- subseq(Xs, Ys). subseq( [X|Xs], [_|Ys] ) :- append(_, [X|Zs], Ys), subseq(Xs, Zs).  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Icon_and_Unicon
Icon and Unicon
procedure isprime(n) #: return n if prime (using trial division) or fail if not n = integer(n) | n < 2 then fail # ensure n is an integer greater than 1 every if 0 = (n % (2 to sqrt(n))) then fail return n end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i"; include "float.s7i";   const func float: computePrice (in float: x) is func result var float: price is 0.0; begin if x >= 0.0 and x < 0.06 then price := 0.10; elsif x < 0.11 then price := 0.18; elsif x < 0.36 then price := flt(((trunc(x * 100.0) - 11) div 5) * 6 + 26) / 100.0; elsif x < 0.96 then price := flt(((trunc(x * 100.0) - 31) div 5) * 4 + 50) / 100.0; else price := 1.0; end if; end func;   const proc: main is func local var integer: i is 0; begin for i range 0 to 100 do writeln(flt(i) / 100.0 digits 2 <& " " <& computePrice(flt(i) / 100.0) digits 2); end for; end func;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Sidef
Sidef
var table = <<'EOT'.lines.map { .words.grep{.is_numeric}.map{.to_n} } >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00 EOT   func price(money) { table.each { |row| (row[0] <= money) -> && (row[1] > money) -> && return row[2]; } die "Out of range"; }   for n in %n(0.3793 0.4425 0.0746 0.6918 0.2993 0.5486 0.7848 0.9383 0.2292) { say price(n); }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#Visual_Basic_.NET
Visual Basic .NET
Module Module1   Function ProperDivisors(number As Integer) As IEnumerable(Of Integer) Return Enumerable.Range(1, number / 2).Where(Function(divisor As Integer) number Mod divisor = 0) End Function   Sub Main() For Each number In Enumerable.Range(1, 10) Console.WriteLine("{0}: {{{1}}}", number, String.Join(", ", ProperDivisors(number))) Next   Dim record = Enumerable.Range(1, 20000).Select(Function(number) New With {.Number = number, .Count = ProperDivisors(number).Count()}).OrderByDescending(Function(currentRecord) currentRecord.Count).First() Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", record.Number, record.Count) End Sub   End Module
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Phix
Phix
with javascript_semantics requires("1.0.0") include mpfr.e atom t0 = time() mpz z = mpz_init() for i=1 to 25 do integer pi = get_prime(i) mpz_ui_pow_ui(z,2,pi) mpz_sub_ui(z,z,1) string zs = mpz_get_str(z), fs = mpz_factorstring(mpz_pollard_rho(z)) if fs!=zs then zs &= " = "&fs end if printf(1,"2^%d-1 = %s\n",{pi,zs}) end for string s = "600851475143" for i=1 to 2 do mpz_set_str(z,s) printf(1,"%s = %s\n",{s,mpz_factorstring(mpz_pollard_rho(z))}) s = "100000000000000000037" end for ?elapsed(time()-t0)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Task Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors
#zkl
zkl
class Point{var x,y; fcn init(xyOrPoint=0,_=0){ if(Point.isInstanceOf(xyOrPoint)) set(xyOrPoint); else x,y=vm.arglist.apply("toFloat")} fcn set(p){x=p.x;y=p.y} fcn toString{"(%d,%d)".fmt(x,y)} } class Circle{var center, radius; fcn init(a=0.0,b=0.0,r=1.0){ switch [arglist]{ case(Circle){ center=Point(a.center); radius=a.radius } case(Point) { center=Point(a); radius=b.toFloat(); } else { center=Point(a,b); radius=r.toFloat(); } } } fcn copy{self(self)} fcn toString{"(%s,%d)".fmt(center.toString(),radius)} } // see if various constructors work Point(); Point(1); Point(1,2), Point(Point()); Circle(); Circle(1); Circle(1,2); Circle(1,2,3); Circle(Point()); Circle(Point(),1); Circle(Circle());   c:=Circle(1,2,3); c.println(); c.center.println(); c.copy().println();
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#PicoLisp
PicoLisp
(de popz (N) (cnt '((N) (= "1" N)) (chop (bin N)) ) )   (println 'pops: (mapcar '((N) (popz (** 3 N))) (range 0 29) ) ) (setq N -1) (println 'evil: (make (for (C 0 (> 30 C)) (unless (bit? 1 (popz (inc 'N))) (link N) (inc 'C) ) ) ) ) (setq N -1) (println 'odio: (make (for (C 0 (> 30 C)) (when (bit? 1 (popz (inc 'N))) (link N) (inc 'C) ) ) ) )
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#PureBasic
PureBasic
If OpenConsole() Define argc=CountProgramParameters() If argc>=(SizeOf(Integer)*8) Or argc<1 PrintN("Set out of range.") End 1 Else Define i, j, text$ Define.q bset=1<<argc Print("{") For i=0 To bset-1 ; check all binary combinations If Not i: text$= "{" Else  : text$=", {" EndIf k=0 For j=0 To argc-1 ; step through each bit If i&(1<<j) If k: text$+", ": EndIf ; pad the output text$+ProgramParameter(j): k+1 ; append each matching bit EndIf Next j Print(text$+"}") Next i PrintN("}") EndIf EndIf
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#J
J
isprime=: 3 : 'if. 3>:y do. 1<y else. 0 *./@:< y|~2+i.<.%:y end.'
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Smalltalk
Smalltalk
"Table driven rescale" Object subclass: PriceRescale [ |table| PriceRescale class >> new: theTable [ ^ self basicNew initialize: theTable ] initialize: theTable [ table := theTable asOrderedCollection. ^self ] rescale: aPrice [ |v1 v2| 1 to: (table size - 1) do: [:i| v1 := table at: i. v2 := table at: (i+1). ((aPrice >= (v1 x)) & (aPrice < (v2 x))) ifTrue: [ ^ v1 y ] ]. (aPrice < ((v1:=(table first)) x)) ifTrue: [ ^ v1 y ]. (aPrice >= ((v1:=(table last)) x)) ifTrue: [ ^ v1 y ] ] ].   |pr| pr := PriceRescale new: { 0.00@0.10 . 0.06@0.18 . 0.11@0.26 . 0.16@0.32 . 0.21@0.38 . 0.26@0.44 . 0.31@0.50 . 0.36@0.54 . 0.41@0.58 . 0.46@0.62 . 0.51@0.66 . 0.56@0.70 . 0.61@0.74 . 0.66@0.78 . 0.71@0.82 . 0.76@0.86 . 0.81@0.90 . 0.86@0.94 . 0.91@0.98 . 0.96@1.00 . 1.01@1.00 }.   "get a price" (pr rescale: ( (Random between: 0 and: 100)/100 )) displayNl.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#Wren
Wren
import "/fmt" for Fmt import "/math" for Int   for (i in 1..10) System.print("%(Fmt.d(2, i)) -> %(Int.properDivisors(i))")   System.print("\nThe number in the range [1, 20000] with the most proper divisors is:") var number = 1 var maxDivs = 0 for (i in 2..20000) { var divs = Int.properDivisors(i).count if (divs > maxDivs) { number = i maxDivs = divs } } System.print("%(number) which has %(maxDivs) proper divisors.")
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Picat
Picat
go =>  % Checking 2**prime-1 foreach(P in primes(60)) Factors = factors(2**P-1), println([n=2**P-1,factors=Factors]) end, nl,  % Testing a larger number println(factors(1361129467683753853853498429727072845823)), nl.   % % factors of N % factors(N) = Factors => Factors = [], M = N, while (M mod 2 == 0) Factors := Factors ++ [2], M := M div 2 end, T = 3, while (M > 1, T < 1+(sqrt(M))) if M mod T == 0 then [Divisors, NewM] = alldivisorsM(M, T), Factors := Factors ++ Divisors, M := NewM end, T := T + 2 end, if M > 1 then Factors := Factors ++ [M] end.   alldivisorsM(N,Div) = [Divisors,M] => M = N, Divisors = [], while (M mod Div == 0) Divisors := Divisors ++ [Div], M := M div Div end.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#PowerShell
PowerShell
  function pop-count($n) { (([Convert]::ToString($n, 2)).toCharArray() | where {$_ -eq '1'}).count } "pop_count 3^n: $(1..29 | foreach -Begin {$n = 1; (pop-count $n)} -Process {$n = 3*$n; (pop-count $n)} )" "even pop_count: $($m = $n = 0; while($m -lt 30) {if(0 -eq ((pop-count $n)%2)) {$m += 1; $n}; $n += 1} )" "odd pop_count: $($m = $n = 0; while($m -lt 30) {if(1 -eq ((pop-count $n)%2)) {$m += 1; $n}; $n += 1} )"  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Python
Python
def list_powerset(lst): # the power set of the empty set has one element, the empty set result = [[]] for x in lst: # for every additional element in our set # the power set consists of the subsets that don't # contain this element (just take the previous power set) # plus the subsets that do contain the element (use list # comprehension to add [x] onto everything in the # previous power set) result.extend([subset + [x] for subset in result]) return result   # the above function in one statement def list_powerset2(lst): return reduce(lambda result, x: result + [subset + [x] for subset in result], lst, [[]])   def powerset(s): return frozenset(map(frozenset, list_powerset(list(s))))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Java
Java
public static boolean prime(long a){ if(a == 2){ return true; }else if(a <= 1 || a % 2 == 0){ return false; } long max = (long)Math.sqrt(a); for(long n= 3; n <= max; n+= 2){ if(a % n == 0){ return false; } } return true; }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Swift
Swift
let ranges = [ (0.00..<0.06, 0.10), (0.06..<0.11, 0.18), (0.11..<0.16, 0.26), (0.16..<0.21, 0.32), (0.21..<0.26, 0.38), (0.26..<0.31, 0.44), (0.31..<0.36, 0.50), (0.36..<0.41, 0.54), (0.41..<0.46, 0.58), (0.46..<0.51, 0.62), (0.51..<0.56, 0.66), (0.56..<0.61, 0.70), (0.61..<0.66, 0.74), (0.66..<0.71, 0.78), (0.71..<0.76, 0.82), (0.76..<0.81, 0.86), (0.81..<0.86, 0.90), (0.86..<0.91, 0.94), (0.91..<0.96, 0.98), (0.96..<1.01, 1.00) ]   func adjustDouble(_ val: Double, accordingTo ranges: [(Range<Double>, Double)]) -> Double? { return ranges.first(where: { $0.0.contains(val) })?.1 }   for val in stride(from: 0.0, through: 1, by: 0.01) { let strFmt = { String(format: "%.2f", $0) }   print("\(strFmt(val)) -> \(strFmt(adjustDouble(val, accordingTo: ranges) ?? val))") }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Tcl
Tcl
# Used once to turn the table into a "nice" form proc parseTable table { set map {} set LINE_RE {^ *>= *([0-9.]+) *< *([0-9.]+) *:= *([0-9.]+) *$} foreach line [split $table \n] { if {[string trim $line] eq ""} continue if {[regexp $LINE_RE $line -> min max target]} { lappend map $min $max $target } else { error "invalid table format: $line" } } return $map }   # How to apply the "nice" table to a particular value proc priceFraction {map value} { foreach {minimum maximum target} $map { if {$value >= $minimum && $value < $maximum} {return $target} } # Failed to map; return the input return $value }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#XPL0
XPL0
func PropDiv(N, Show); \Count and optionally show proper divisors of N int N, Show, D, C; [C:= 0; if N > 1 then [D:= 1; repeat if rem(N/D) = 0 then [C:= C+1; if Show then [if D > 1 then ChOut(0, ^ ); IntOut(0, D); ]; ]; D:= D+1; until D >= N; ]; return C; ];   int N, SN, Cnt, Max; [for N:= 1 to 10 do [ChOut(0, ^[); PropDiv(N, true); ChOut(0, ^]); ChOut(0, ^ ); ]; CrLf(0);   Max:= 0; for N:= 1 to 20000 do [Cnt:= PropDiv(N, false); if Cnt > Max then [Max:= Cnt; SN:= N]; ]; IntOut(0, SN); ChOut(0, ^ ); IntOut(0, Max); CrLf(0); ]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#PicoLisp
PicoLisp
(de factor (N) (make (let (D 2 L (1 2 2 . (4 2 4 2 4 6 2 6 .)) M (sqrt N)) (while (>= M D) (if (=0 (% N D)) (setq M (sqrt (setq N (/ N (link D))))) (inc 'D (pop 'L)) ) ) (link N) ) ) )   (factor 1361129467683753853853498429727072845823)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#PureBasic
PureBasic
Procedure.i PopCount(n.i) : ProcedureReturn CountString(Bin(Pow(3,n)),"1") : EndProcedure Procedure PutR(v.i)  : Print(RSet(Str(v),3))  : EndProcedure   If OpenConsole() NewList ne() : NewList no() i=0 While ListSize(ne())+ListSize(no())<60 If CountString(Bin(i),"1")%2=0 : AddElement(ne()) : ne()=i Else  : AddElement(no()) : no()=i : EndIf i+1 Wend Print("3^i [i=0..29]") : For i=0 To 29 : PutR(PopCount(i)) : Next : PrintN("") Print("Evil numbers ") : ForEach ne()  : PutR(ne())  : Next : PrintN("") Print("Odious numb..") : ForEach no()  : PutR(no())  : Next : Input() EndIf
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Qi
Qi
  (define powerset [] -> [[]] [A|As] -> (append (map (cons A) (powerset As)) (powerset As)))  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#JavaScript
JavaScript
function isPrime(n) { if (n == 2 || n == 3 || n == 5 || n == 7) { return true; } else if ((n < 2) || (n % 2 == 0)) { return false; } else { for (var i = 3; i <= Math.sqrt(n); i += 2) { if (n % i == 0) return false; } return true; } }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#uBasic.2F4tH
uBasic/4tH
For i = 0 To 100 Step 5 Print Using "+?.##"; i, Using "+?.##"; FUNC(_Normalize (FUNC(_Classify (i)))) Next   End   _Normalize ' normalize the price Param (1) ' class Local (4) ' accumulator, increment, switch and iterator   b@ = 0 : c@ = 10 : d@ = 2 ' setup accumulator, increment and switch   For e@ = 0 to a@ ' from zero to class If And(e@ + 1, d@) Then d@ = And(d@ + d@, 15) : c@ = c@ - 2 b@ = b@ + c@ ' switch increment if needed Next ' accumulate price Return (Min(b@, 100)) ' clip top of price in accumulator ' calculate class _Classify Param (1) : Return ((a@ - (a@>0)) / 5)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Proper_divisors
Proper divisors
The   proper divisors   of a positive integer N are those numbers, other than N itself, that divide N without remainder. For N > 1 they will always include 1,   but for N == 1 there are no proper divisors. Examples The proper divisors of     6     are   1, 2, and 3. The proper divisors of   100   are   1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50. Task Create a routine to generate all the proper divisors of a number. use it to show the proper divisors of the numbers 1 to 10 inclusive. Find a number in the range 1 to 20,000 with the most proper divisors. Show the number and just the count of how many proper divisors it has. Show all output here. Related tasks   Amicable pairs   Abundant, deficient and perfect number classifications   Aliquot sequence classifications   Factors of an integer   Prime decomposition
#zkl
zkl
fcn properDivs(n){ [1.. (n + 1)/2 + 1].filter('wrap(x){ n%x==0 and n!=x }) }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#PL.2FI
PL/I
  test: procedure options (main, reorder); declare (n, i) fixed binary (31);   get list (n); put edit ( n, '[' ) (x(1), a); restart: if is_prime(n) then do; put edit (trim(n), ']' ) (x(1), a); stop; end; do i = n/2 to 2 by -1; if is_prime(i) then if (mod(n, i) = 0) then do; put edit ( trim(i) ) (x(1), a); n = n / i; go to restart; end; end; put edit ( ' ]' ) (a);   is_prime: procedure (n) options (reorder) returns (bit(1)); declare n fixed binary (31); declare i fixed binary (31);   if n < 2 then return ('0'b); if n = 2 then return ('1'b); if mod(n, 2) = 0 then return ('0'b);   do i = 3 to sqrt(n) by 2; if mod(n, i) = 0 then return ('0'b); end; return ('1'b); end is_prime;   end test;  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Python
Python
>>> def popcount(n): return bin(n).count("1") ... >>> [popcount(3**i) for i in range(30)] [1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 6, 6, 5, 6, 8, 9, 13, 10, 11, 14, 15, 11, 14, 14, 17, 17, 20, 19, 22, 16, 18, 24, 30, 25, 25] >>> evil, odious, i = [], [], 0 >>> while len(evil) < 30 or len(odious) < 30: ... p = popcount(i) ... if p % 2: odious.append(i) ... else: evil.append(i) ... i += 1 ... >>> evil[:30] [0, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 18, 20, 23, 24, 27, 29, 30, 33, 34, 36, 39, 40, 43, 45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 57, 58] >>> odious[:30] [1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 16, 19, 21, 22, 25, 26, 28, 31, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 42, 44, 47, 49, 50, 52, 55, 56, 59] >>>
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Quackery
Quackery
[ stack ] is (ps).stack [ stack ] is (ps).items [ stack ] is (ps).result   [ 1 - (ps).items put 0 (ps).stack put [] (ps).result put [ (ps).result take (ps).stack behead drop nested join (ps).result put (ps).stack take dup (ps).items share = iff [ drop (ps).stack size 1 > iff [ 1 (ps).stack tally ] ] else [ dup (ps).stack put 1+ (ps).stack put ] (ps).stack size 1 = until ] (ps).items release (ps).result take ] is (ps) ( n --> )   [ dup size dip [ witheach [ over swap peek swap ] ] nip pack ] is arrange ( [ [ --> [ )   [ dup [] = iff nested done dup size (ps) ' [ [ ] ] swap join [] unrot witheach [ dip dup arrange nested rot swap join swap ] drop ] is powerset ( [ --> [ )   ' [ [ 1 2 3 4 ] [ ] [ [ ] ] ] witheach [ say "The powerset of " dup echo cr powerset witheach [ echo cr ] cr ]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#R
R
for each element in the set: for each subset constructed so far: new subset = (subset + element)  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Joy
Joy
DEFINE prime == 2 [ [dup * >] nullary [rem 0 >] dip and ] [ succ ] while dup * < .
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Ursala
Ursala
#import flo   le = <0.06,.11,.16,.21,.26,.31,.36,.41,.46,.51,.56,.61,.66,.71,.76,.81,.86,.91,.96,1.01> out = <0.10,.18,.26,.32,.38,.44,.50,.54,.58,.62,.66,.70,.74,.78,.82,.86,.90,.94,.98,1.>   price_fraction = fleq@rlPlX*|rhr\~&p(le,out)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#PowerShell
PowerShell
  function eratosthenes ($n) { if($n -gt 1){ $prime = @(1..($n+1) | foreach{$true}) $prime[1] = $false $m = [Math]::Floor([Math]::Sqrt($n)) function multiple($i) { for($j = $i*$i; $j -le $n; $j += $i) { $prime[$j] = $false } } multiple 2 for($i = 3; $i -le $m; $i += 2) { if($prime[$i]) {multiple $i} } 1..$n | where{$prime[$_]} } else { Write-Error "$n is not greater than 1" } } function prime-decomposition ($n) { $array = eratosthenes $n $prime = @() foreach($p in $array) { while($n%$p -eq 0) { $n /= $p $prime += @($p) } } $prime } "$(prime-decomposition 12)" "$(prime-decomposition 100)"  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Quackery
Quackery
[ 0 swap [ dup while dup 1 & rot + swap 1 >> again ] drop ] is popcount ( n --> n )   [ 1 & ] is odd ( n --> b )   [ odd not ] is even ( n --> b )     [ ]'[ temp put 0 [ over while [ dup popcount temp share do if [ dup echo sp dip [ 1 - ] ] 1+ ] again ] 2drop temp release ] is echopopwith ( n --> )   say "Population counts of the first thirty powers of 3." cr 30 times [ 3 i^ ** popcount echo sp ] cr cr say "The first thirty evil numbers." cr 30 echopopwith even cr cr say "The first thirty odious numbers." cr 30 echopopwith odd cr
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Racket
Racket
  ;;; Direct translation of 'functional' ruby method (define (powerset s) (for/fold ([outer-set (set(set))]) ([element s]) (set-union outer-set (list->set (set-map outer-set (λ(inner-set) (set-add inner-set element)))))))  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Raku
Raku
sub powerset(Set $s) { $s.combinations.map(*.Set).Set } say powerset set <a b c d>;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#jq
jq
if . == 2 then true else 2 < . and . % 2 == 1 and . as $in | (($in + 1) | sqrt) as $m | (((($m - 1) / 2) | floor) + 1) as $max | all( range(1; $max) ; $in % ((2 * .) + 1) > 0 ) end;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#VBA
VBA
  Option Explicit   Sub Main() Dim test, i As Long test = Array(0.34, 0.070145, 0.06, 0.05, 0.50214, 0.56, 1#, 0.99, 0#, 0.7388727) For i = 0 To UBound(test) Debug.Print test(i) & " := " & Price_Fraction(CSng(test(i))) Next i End Sub   Private Function Price_Fraction(n As Single) As Single Dim Vin, Vout, i As Long Vin = Array(0.06, 0.11, 0.16, 0.21, 0.26, 0.31, 0.36, 0.41, 0.46, 0.51, 0.56, 0.61, 0.66, 0.71, 0.76, 0.81, 0.86, 0.91, 0.96, 1.01) Vout = Array(0.1, 0.18, 0.26, 0.32, 0.38, 0.44, 0.5, 0.54, 0.58, 0.62, 0.66, 0.7, 0.74, 0.78, 0.82, 0.86, 0.9, 0.94, 0.98, 1#) For i = 0 To UBound(Vin) If n < Vin(i) Then Price_Fraction = Vout(i): Exit For Next i End Function
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#VBScript
VBScript
  Function pf(p) If p < 0.06 Then pf = 0.10 ElseIf p < 0.11 Then pf = 0.18 ElseIf p < 0.16 Then pf = 0.26 ElseIf p < 0.21 Then pf = 0.32 ElseIf p < 0.26 Then pf = 0.38 ElseIf p < 0.31 Then pf = 0.44 ElseIf p < 0.36 Then pf = 0.50 ElseIf p < 0.41 Then pf = 0.54 ElseIf p < 0.46 Then pf = 0.58 ElseIf p < 0.51 Then pf = 0.62 ElseIf p < 0.56 Then pf = 0.66 ElseIf p < 0.61 Then pf = 0.70 ElseIf p < 0.66 Then pf = 0.74 ElseIf p < 0.71 Then pf = 0.78 ElseIf p < 0.76 Then pf = 0.82 ElseIf p < 0.81 Then pf = 0.86 ElseIf p < 0.86 Then pf = 0.90 ElseIf p < 0.91 Then pf = 0.94 ElseIf p < 0.96 Then pf = 0.98 Else pf = 1.00 End If End Function   WScript.Echo pf(0.7388727) WScript.Echo pf(0.8593103) WScript.Echo pf(0.826687) WScript.Echo pf(0.3444635)  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Prolog
Prolog
prime_decomp(N, L) :- SN is sqrt(N), prime_decomp_1(N, SN, 2, [], L).     prime_decomp_1(1, _, _, L, L) :- !.   % Special case for 2, increment 1 prime_decomp_1(N, SN, D, L, LF) :- ( 0 is N mod D -> Q is N / D, SQ is sqrt(Q), prime_decomp_1(Q, SQ, D, [D |L], LF) ; D1 is D+1, ( D1 > SN -> LF = [N |L] ; prime_decomp_2(N, SN, D1, L, LF) ) ).   % General case, increment 2 prime_decomp_2(1, _, _, L, L) :- !.   prime_decomp_2(N, SN, D, L, LF) :- ( 0 is N mod D -> Q is N / D, SQ is sqrt(Q), prime_decomp_2(Q, SQ, D, [D |L], LF); D1 is D+2, ( D1 > SN -> LF = [N |L] ; prime_decomp_2(N, SN, D1, L, LF) ) ).
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#R
R
library(bit64) popCount <- function(x) sum(as.numeric(strsplit(as.bitstring(as.integer64(x)), "")[[1]])) finder <- function() { odious <- evil <- integer(0) x <- odiousLength <- evilLength <- 0 while(evilLength + odiousLength != 60)#We could be smarter, but this condition suffices. { if(popCount(x) %% 2 == 0) evil[evilLength + 1] <- x else odious[odiousLength + 1] <- x x <- x + 1 evilLength <- length(evil) odiousLength <- length(odious) } cat("The pop count of the 1st 30 powers of 3 are:", sapply(3^(0:29), popCount), "\n") cat("The first 30 evil numbers are:", evil, "\n") cat("The first 30 odious numbers are:", odious) } finder()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Rascal
Rascal
  import Set;   public set[set[&T]] PowerSet(set[&T] s) = power(s);  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Julia
Julia
function isprime_trialdivision{T<:Integer}(n::T) 1 < n || return false n != 2 || return true isodd(n) || return false for i in 3:isqrt(n) n%i != 0 || return false end return true end   n = 100 a = filter(isprime_trialdivision, [1:n])   if all(a .== primes(n)) println("The primes <= ", n, " are:\n ", a) else println("The function does not accurately calculate primes.") end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#Wren
Wren
import "/fmt" for Fmt   var rescale = Fn.new { |v| return (v < 0.06) ? 0.10 : (v < 0.11) ? 0.18 : (v < 0.16) ? 0.26 : (v < 0.21) ? 0.32 : (v < 0.26) ? 0.38 : (v < 0.31) ? 0.44 : (v < 0.36) ? 0.50 : (v < 0.41) ? 0.54 : (v < 0.46) ? 0.58 : (v < 0.51) ? 0.62 : (v < 0.56) ? 0.66 : (v < 0.61) ? 0.70 : (v < 0.66) ? 0.74 : (v < 0.71) ? 0.78 : (v < 0.76) ? 0.82 : (v < 0.81) ? 0.86 : (v < 0.86) ? 0.90 : (v < 0.91) ? 0.94 : (v < 0.96) ? 0.98 : 1.00 }   var tests = [0.49, 0.79, 1.00, 0.83, 0.99, 0.23, 0.12, 0.28, 0.72, 0.37, 0.95, 0.51, 0.43, 0.52, 0.84, 0.89, 0.48, 0.48, 0.30, 0.01] for (test in tests) { Fmt.print("$4.2f -> $4.2f", test, rescale.call(test)) }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Pure
Pure
factor n = factor 2 n with factor k n = k : factor k (n div k) if n mod k == 0; = if n>1 then [n] else [] if k*k>n; = factor (k+1) n if k==2; = factor (k+2) n otherwise; end;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket ;; Positive version from "popcount_4" in: ;; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_weight#Efficient_implementation ;; negative version follows R6RS definition documented in: ;; http://docs.racket-lang.org/r6rs/r6rs-lib-std/r6rs-lib-Z-H-12.html?q=bitwise-bit#node_idx_1074 (define (population-count n) (if (negative? n) (bitwise-not (population-count (bitwise-not n))) (let inr ((x n) (rv 0)) (if (= x 0) rv (inr (bitwise-and x (sub1 x)) (add1 rv))))))   (define (evil? x) (and (not (negative? x)) (even? (population-count x))))   (define (odious? x) (and (positive? x) (odd? (population-count x))))   (define tasks (list "display the pop count of the 1st thirty powers of 3 (3^0, 3^1, 3^2, 3^3, 3^4, ...)." (for/list ((i (in-range 30))) (population-count (expt 3 i))) "display the 1st thirty evil numbers." (for/list ((_ (in-range 30)) (e (sequence-filter evil? (in-naturals)))) e) "display the 1st thirty odious numbers." (for/list ((_ (in-range 30)) (o (sequence-filter odious? (in-naturals)))) o)))   (for-each displayln tasks)   (module+ test (require rackunit) (check-equal? (for/list ((p (sequence-map population-count (in-range 16)))) p) '(0 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 3 3 4)) (check-true (evil? 0) "0 has just *got* to be evil") (check-true (evil? #b011011011) "six bits... truly evil") (check-false (evil? #b1011011011) "seven bits, that's odd!") (check-true (odious? 1) "the least odious number") (check-true (odious? #b1011011011) "seven (which is odd) bits") (check-false (odious? #b011011011) "six bits... is evil"))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program displays a power set; items may be anything (but can't have blanks).*/ parse arg S /*allow the user specify optional set. */ if S='' then S= 'one two three four' /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/ @= '{}' /*start process with a null power set. */ N= words(S); do chunk=1 for N /*traipse through the items in the set.*/ @=@ combN(N, chunk) /*take N items, a CHUNK at a time. */ end /*chunk*/ w= length(2**N) /*the number of items in the power set.*/ do k=1 for words(@) /* [↓] show combinations, 1 per line.*/ say right(k, w) word(@, k) /*display a single combination to term.*/ end /*k*/ exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ combN: procedure expose S; parse arg x,y; base= x + 1; bbase= base - y  !.= 0 do p=1 for y;  !.p= p end /*p*/ $= /* [↓] build powerset*/ do j=1; L= do d=1 for y; L= L','word(S, !.d) end /*d*/ $= $ '{'strip(L, "L", ',')"}";  !.y= !.y + 1 if !.y==base then if .combU(y - 1) then leave end /*j*/ return strip($) /*return with a partial power set chunk*/ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ .combU: procedure expose !. y bbase; parse arg d; if d==0 then return 1 p= !.d do u=d to y;  !.u= p + 1; if !.u==bbase+u then return .combU(u-1) p= !.u /* ↑ */ end /*u*/ /*recurse──►───┘ */ return 0
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#K
K
isprime:{(x>1)&&/x!'2_!1+_sqrt x} &isprime'!100 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79 83 89 97
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#XPL0
XPL0
include c:\cxpl\codes; \intrinsic 'code' declarations   func real Price(V); \Convert to standard value real V; [V:= V + 0.001; \avoids possible rounding error i.e. 0.059999999 case of V < 0.06: ret 0.10; V < 0.11: ret 0.18; V < 0.16: ret 0.26; V < 0.21: ret 0.32; V < 0.26: ret 0.38; V < 0.31: ret 0.44; V < 0.36: ret 0.50; V < 0.41: ret 0.54; V < 0.46: ret 0.58; V < 0.51: ret 0.62; V < 0.56: ret 0.66; V < 0.61: ret 0.70; V < 0.66: ret 0.74; V < 0.71: ret 0.78; V < 0.76: ret 0.82; V < 0.81: ret 0.86; V < 0.86: ret 0.90; V < 0.91: ret 0.94; V < 0.96: ret 0.98 other ret 1.00; ];   [Format(1,2); RlOut(0, Price(0.0599)); CrLf(0); RlOut(0, Price(0.10)); CrLf(0); RlOut(0, Price(1.0)); CrLf(0); ]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Price_fraction
Price fraction
A friend of mine runs a pharmacy.   He has a specialized function in his Dispensary application which receives a decimal value of currency and replaces it to a standard value.   This value is regulated by a government department. Task Given a floating point value between   0.00   and   1.00,   rescale according to the following table: >= 0.00 < 0.06  := 0.10 >= 0.06 < 0.11  := 0.18 >= 0.11 < 0.16  := 0.26 >= 0.16 < 0.21  := 0.32 >= 0.21 < 0.26  := 0.38 >= 0.26 < 0.31  := 0.44 >= 0.31 < 0.36  := 0.50 >= 0.36 < 0.41  := 0.54 >= 0.41 < 0.46  := 0.58 >= 0.46 < 0.51  := 0.62 >= 0.51 < 0.56  := 0.66 >= 0.56 < 0.61  := 0.70 >= 0.61 < 0.66  := 0.74 >= 0.66 < 0.71  := 0.78 >= 0.71 < 0.76  := 0.82 >= 0.76 < 0.81  := 0.86 >= 0.81 < 0.86  := 0.90 >= 0.86 < 0.91  := 0.94 >= 0.91 < 0.96  := 0.98 >= 0.96 < 1.01  := 1.00
#zkl
zkl
fcn convert(price){ // float --> float // < -->, increments of 0.05 but tables are easier to update var vert=T( T(0.06, 0.10), T(0.11, 0.18), T(0.16, 0.26), T(0.21, 0.32), T(0.26, 0.38), T(0.31, 0.44), T(0.36, 0.50), T(0.41, 0.54), T(0.46, 0.58), T(0.51, 0.62), T(0.56, 0.66), T(0.61, 0.70), T(0.66, 0.74), T(0.71, 0.78), T(0.76, 0.82), T(0.81, 0.86), T(0.86, 0.90), T(0.91, 0.94), T(0.96, 0.98), T(1.01, 1.00), ); vert.filter1('wrap([(a,_)]){ price<a })[1] }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#PureBasic
PureBasic
  CompilerIf #PB_Compiler_Debugger CompilerError "Turn off the debugger if you want reasonable speed in this example." CompilerEndIf   Define.q   Procedure Factor(Number, List Factors()) Protected I = 3 While Number % 2 = 0 AddElement(Factors()) Factors() = 2 Number / 2 Wend Protected Max = Number While I <= Max And Number > 1 While Number % I = 0 AddElement(Factors()) Factors() = I Number/I Wend I + 2 Wend EndProcedure   Number = 9007199254740991 NewList Factors() time = ElapsedMilliseconds() Factor(Number, Factors()) time = ElapsedMilliseconds()-time S.s = "Factored " + Str(Number) + " in " + StrD(time/1000, 2) + " seconds." ForEach Factors() S + #CRLF$ + Str(Factors()) Next MessageRequester("", S)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Raku
Raku
sub population-count(Int $n where * >= 0) { [+] $n.base(2).comb }   say map &population-count, 3 «**« ^30; say "Evil: ", (grep { population-count($_) %% 2 }, 0 .. *)[^30]; say "Odious: ", (grep { population-count($_) % 2 }, 0 .. *)[^30];
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Ring
Ring
  # Project : Power set   list = ["1", "2", "3", "4"] see powerset(list)   func powerset(list) s = "{" for i = 1 to (2 << len(list)) - 1 step 2 s = s + "{" for j = 1 to len(list) if i & (1 << j) s = s + list[j] + "," ok next if right(s,1) = "," s = left(s,len(s)-1) ok s = s + "}," next return left(s,len(s)-1) + "}"  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Ruby
Ruby
# Based on http://johncarrino.net/blog/2006/08/11/powerset-in-ruby/ # See the link if you want a shorter version. # This was intended to show the reader how the method works. class Array # Adds a power_set method to every array, i.e.: [1, 2].power_set def power_set   # Injects into a blank array of arrays. # acc is what we're injecting into # you is each element of the array inject([[]]) do |acc, you| ret = [] # Set up a new array to add into acc.each do |i| # For each array in the injected array, ret << i # Add itself into the new array ret << i + [you] # Merge the array with a new array of the current element end ret # Return the array we're looking at to inject more. end   end   # A more functional and even clearer variant. def func_power_set inject([[]]) { |ps,item| # for each item in the Array ps + # take the powerset up to now and add ps.map { |e| e + [item] } # it again, with the item appended to each element } end end   #A direct translation of the "power array" version above require 'set' class Set def powerset inject(Set[Set[]]) do |ps, item| ps.union ps.map {|e| e.union (Set.new [item])} end end end   p [1,2,3,4].power_set p %w(one two three).func_power_set   p Set[1,2,3].powerset
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Kotlin
Kotlin
// version 1.1.2 fun isPrime(n: Int): Boolean { if (n < 2) return false if (n % 2 == 0) return n == 2 val limit = Math.sqrt(n.toDouble()).toInt() return (3..limit step 2).none { n % it == 0 } }   fun main(args: Array<String>) { // test by printing all primes below 100 say (2..99).filter { isPrime(it) }.forEach { print("$it ") } }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Python
Python
from __future__ import print_function   import sys from itertools import islice, cycle, count   try: from itertools import compress except ImportError: def compress(data, selectors): """compress('ABCDEF', [1,0,1,0,1,1]) --> A C E F""" return (d for d, s in zip(data, selectors) if s)     def is_prime(n): return list(zip((True, False), decompose(n)))[-1][0]   class IsPrimeCached(dict): def __missing__(self, n): r = is_prime(n) self[n] = r return r   is_prime_cached = IsPrimeCached()   def croft(): """Yield prime integers using the Croft Spiral sieve.   This is a variant of wheel factorisation modulo 30. """ # Copied from: # https://code.google.com/p/pyprimes/source/browse/src/pyprimes.py # Implementation is based on erat3 from here: # http://stackoverflow.com/q/2211990 # and this website: # http://www.primesdemystified.com/ # Memory usage increases roughly linearly with the number of primes seen. # dict ``roots`` stores an entry x:p for every prime p. for p in (2, 3, 5): yield p roots = {9: 3, 25: 5} # Map d**2 -> d. primeroots = frozenset((1, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29)) selectors = (1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0) for q in compress( # Iterate over prime candidates 7, 9, 11, 13, ... islice(count(7), 0, None, 2), # Mask out those that can't possibly be prime. cycle(selectors) ): # Using dict membership testing instead of pop gives a # 5-10% speedup over the first three million primes. if q in roots: p = roots[q] del roots[q] x = q + 2*p while x in roots or (x % 30) not in primeroots: x += 2*p roots[x] = p else: roots[q*q] = q yield q primes = croft   def decompose(n): for p in primes(): if p*p > n: break while n % p == 0: yield p n //=p if n > 1: yield n     if __name__ == '__main__': # Example: calculate factors of Mersenne numbers to M59 #   import time   for m in primes(): p = 2 ** m - 1 print( "2**{0:d}-1 = {1:d}, with factors:".format(m, p) ) start = time.time() for factor in decompose(p): print(factor, end=' ') sys.stdout.flush()   print( "=> {0:.2f}s".format( time.time()-start ) ) if m >= 59: break
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program counts the number of "one" bits in the binary version of a decimal number*/ /*─────────────────── and also generates a specific number of EVIL and ODIOUS numbers.*/ parse arg N B . /*get optional arguments from the C.L. */ if N=='' | N=="," then N= 30 /*N not specified? Then use default. */ if B=='' | B=="," then B= 3 /*B " " " " " */ numeric digits 2000 /*be able to handle gihugeic numbers.*/ numeric digits max(20, length(B**N) ) /*whittle the precision down to size.*/ $= /* [↑] a little calculation for sizing*/ do j=0 for N; $= $ popCount(B**j) /*generate N popCounts for some powers.*/ end /*j*/ /* [↑] append popCount to the $ list. */ /* [↓] display popCounts of "3" powers*/ call showList 'popCounts of the powers of' B /*display the list with a header/title.*/   do j=0 until #>=N /*generate N evil numbers. */ if popCount(j) // 2 then iterate /*if odd population count, skip it. */ #= # + 1; $= $ j /*bump evil # count; add it to $ list.*/ end /*j*/ /* [↑] build a list of evil numbers. */ /* [↓] display the evil number list. */ call showList 'evil numbers' /*display the $ list with a header. */   do j=0 until #>=N /*generate N odious numbers. */ if popCount(j) // 2 ==0 then iterate /*if even population count, then skip. */ #= # + 1; $=$ j /*bump odious # count; add to $ list. */ end /*j*/ /* [↑] build a list of odious numbers.*/ /* [↓] display the odious number list.*/ call showList 'odious numbers' /*display the $ list with a header. */ exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ d2b: return word( strip( x2b( d2x( arg(1) ) ), 'L', 0) 0, 1) /*dec ──► bin.*/ popCount: return length( space( translate( d2b(arg(1) ), , 0), 0) ) /*count ones. */ showList: say; say 'The 1st' N arg(1)":"; say strip($); #= 0; $=; return
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Rust
Rust
use std::collections::BTreeSet;   fn powerset<T: Ord + Clone>(mut set: BTreeSet<T>) -> BTreeSet<BTreeSet<T>> { if set.is_empty() { let mut powerset = BTreeSet::new(); powerset.insert(set); return powerset; } // Access the first value. This could be replaced with `set.pop_first().unwrap()` // But this is an unstable feature let entry = set.iter().nth(0).unwrap().clone(); set.remove(&entry); let mut powerset = powerset(set); for mut set in powerset.clone().into_iter() { set.insert(entry.clone()); powerset.insert(set); } powerset }   fn main() { let set = (1..5).collect(); let set = powerset(set); println!("{:?}", set);   let set = ["a", "b", "c", "d"].iter().collect(); let set = powerset(set); println!("{:?}", set); }  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#SAS
SAS
  options mprint mlogic symbolgen source source2;   %macro SubSets (FieldCount = ); data _NULL_; Fields = &FieldCount; SubSets = 2**Fields; call symput ("NumSubSets", SubSets); run;   %put &NumSubSets;   data inital; %do j = 1 %to &FieldCount; F&j. = 1; %end; run;   data SubSets; set inital; RowCount =_n_; call symput("SetCount",RowCount); run;   %put SetCount ;   %do %while (&SetCount < &NumSubSets);   data loop; %do j=1 %to &FieldCount; if rand('GAUSSIAN') > rand('GAUSSIAN') then F&j. = 1; %end;   data SubSets_  ; set SubSets loop; run;   proc sort data=SubSets_ nodupkey; by F1 - F&FieldCount.; run;   data Subsets; set SubSets_; RowCount =_n_; run;   proc sql noprint; select max(RowCount) into :SetCount from SubSets; quit; run;   %end; %Mend SubSets;  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#langur
langur
val .isPrime = f(.i) { val .n = abs(.i) if .n <= 2: return .n == 2   val .chkdiv = f(.n, .i) { if .i x .i <= .n { return .n ndiv .i and self(.n, .i+2) } return true }   return .n ndiv 2 and .chkdiv(.n, 3) }   writeln where .isPrime, series 100
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Quackery
Quackery
[ [] swap dup times [ [ dup i^ 2 + /mod 0 = while nip dip [ i^ 2 + join ] again ] drop dup 1 = if conclude ] drop ] is primefactors ( n --> [ )   1047552 primefactors echo
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Population_count
Population count
Population count You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. The   population count   is the number of   1s   (ones)   in the binary representation of a non-negative integer. Population count   is also known as:   pop count   popcount   sideways sum   bit summation   Hamming weight For example,   5   (which is   101   in binary)   has a population count of   2. Evil numbers   are non-negative integers that have an   even   population count. Odious numbers     are  positive integers that have an    odd   population count. Task write a function (or routine) to return the population count of a non-negative integer. all computation of the lists below should start with   0   (zero indexed). display the   pop count   of the   1st   thirty powers of   3       (30,   31,   32,   33,   34,   ∙∙∙   329). display the   1st   thirty     evil     numbers. display the   1st   thirty   odious   numbers. display each list of integers on one line   (which may or may not include a title),   each set of integers being shown should be properly identified. See also The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000120 population count. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A000069 odious numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences:   A001969 evil numbers.
#Ring
Ring
# Project : Population count   odds = [] evens = [] pows = []   for n = 0 to 59 if n < 30 add(pows, onesCount(pow(3, n))) ok num = onesCount(n) if num & 1 = 0 add(evens, n) else add(odds, n) ok next   showOne("3^x:", pows) showOne("Evil numbers:", evens) showOne("Odious numbers:", odds)   func onesCount(b) c = 0 m = 50 while b > 0 p = pow(2, m) if b >= p b -= p c++ ok m-- end return c   func arrayToStr(ary) res = "[" s = ", " for n = 1 to len(ary) if ary[n] < 10 res += " " ok if n = len(ary) s = "]" ok res += "" + ary[n] + s next return res   func showOne(title, ary)  ? title  ? arrayToStr(ary) + nl
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Power_set
Power set
A   set   is a collection (container) of certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. It corresponds with a finite set in mathematics. A set can be implemented as an associative array (partial mapping) in which the value of each key-value pair is ignored. Given a set S, the power set (or powerset) of S, written P(S), or 2S, is the set of all subsets of S. Task By using a library or built-in set type, or by defining a set type with necessary operations, write a function with a set S as input that yields the power set 2S of S. For example, the power set of     {1,2,3,4}     is {{}, {1}, {2}, {1,2}, {3}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, {4}, {1,4}, {2,4}, {1,2,4}, {3,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}}. For a set which contains n elements, the corresponding power set has 2n elements, including the edge cases of empty set. The power set of the empty set is the set which contains itself (20 = 1): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ( ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } ) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } And the power set of the set which contains only the empty set, has two subsets, the empty set and the set which contains the empty set (21 = 2): P {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} ({ ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } }) = { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } , { ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } } } Extra credit: Demonstrate that your language supports these last two powersets.
#Scala
Scala
import scala.compat.Platform.currentTime   object Powerset extends App { def powerset[A](s: Set[A]) = s.foldLeft(Set(Set.empty[A])) { case (ss, el) => ss ++ ss.map(_ + el)}   assert(powerset(Set(1, 2, 3, 4)) == Set(Set.empty, Set(1), Set(2), Set(3), Set(4), Set(1, 2), Set(1, 3), Set(1, 4), Set(2, 3), Set(2, 4), Set(3, 4), Set(1, 2, 3), Set(1, 3, 4), Set(1, 2, 4), Set(2, 3, 4), Set(1, 2, 3, 4))) println(s"Successfully completed without errors. [total ${currentTime - executionStart} ms]") }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Primality_by_trial_division
Primality by trial division
Task Write a boolean function that tells whether a given integer is prime. Remember that   1   and all non-positive numbers are not prime. Use trial division. Even numbers greater than   2   may be eliminated right away. A loop from   3   to   √ n    will suffice,   but other loops are allowed. Related tasks   count in factors   prime decomposition   AKS test for primes   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#Liberty_BASIC
Liberty BASIC
print "Rosetta Code - Primality by trial division" print [start] input "Enter an integer: "; x if x=0 then print "Program complete.": end if isPrime(x) then print x; " is prime" else print x; " is not prime" goto [start]   function isPrime(p) p=int(abs(p)) if p=2 or then isPrime=1: exit function 'prime if p=0 or p=1 or (p mod 2)=0 then exit function 'not prime for i=3 to sqr(p) step 2 if (p mod i)=0 then exit function 'not prime next i isPrime=1 end function
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Prime_decomposition
Prime decomposition
The prime decomposition of a number is defined as a list of prime numbers which when all multiplied together, are equal to that number. Example 12 = 2 × 2 × 3, so its prime decomposition is {2, 2, 3} Task Write a function which returns an array or collection which contains the prime decomposition of a given number   n {\displaystyle n}   greater than   1. If your language does not have an isPrime-like function available, you may assume that you have a function which determines whether a number is prime (note its name before your code). If you would like to test code from this task, you may use code from trial division or the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Note: The program must not be limited by the word size of your computer or some other artificial limit; it should work for any number regardless of size (ignoring the physical limits of RAM etc). Related tasks   count in factors   factors of an integer   Sieve of Eratosthenes   primality by trial division   factors of a Mersenne number   trial factoring of a Mersenne number   partition an integer X into N primes   sequence of primes by Trial Division
#R
R
findfactors <- function(num) { x <- NULL firstprime<- 2; secondprime <- 3; everyprime <- num while( everyprime != 1 ) { while( everyprime%%firstprime == 0 ) { x <- c(x, firstprime) everyprime <- floor(everyprime/ firstprime) } firstprime <- secondprime secondprime <- secondprime + 2 } x }   print(findfactors(1027*4))