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def normalize(name): """ We normalize directory names to fix some name misalignments in vad/snr data, unzipped data, and the original meta-data jsons. Examples: - SNR has typical format of `.../1000things_1807_librivox_wav/1000things_00_fowler.wav`, when the correspoding meta-data is in `1000things_1807_librivox_64kb_mp3_metadata.json` - unzipped/converted flac is in `.../rock_me_to_sleep_1502/` while the correspoding meta-data is in `.../rock_me_to_sleep_1502.poem_librivox_64kb_mp3_metadata.json` The normalization is done by removing the suffixes removed/added by ffmpeg. """ for suffix in ['.poem_', '_librivox', '_64kb', '_wav']: pos = name.find(suffix) if pos != -1: name = name[:pos] return name return name
def get_data_ranges(bin_path, chunk_size): """Get ranges (x,y,z) for chunks to be stitched together in volume Arguments: bin_path {list} -- binary paths to tif files chunk_size {list} -- 3 ints for original tif image dimensions Returns: x_range {list} -- x-coord int bounds for volume stitch y_range {list} -- y-coord int bounds for volume stitch z_range {list} -- z-coord int bounds for volume stitch """ x_curr, y_curr, z_curr = 0, 0, 0 tree_level = len(bin_path) for idx, i in enumerate(bin_path): scale_factor = 2 ** (tree_level - idx - 1) x_curr += int(i[2]) * chunk_size[0] * scale_factor y_curr += int(i[1]) * chunk_size[1] * scale_factor # flip z axis so chunks go anterior to posterior z_curr += int(i[0]) * chunk_size[2] * scale_factor x_range = [x_curr, x_curr + chunk_size[0]] y_range = [y_curr, y_curr + chunk_size[1]] z_range = [z_curr, z_curr + chunk_size[2]] return x_range, y_range, z_range
def fix_compile(remove_flags): """ Monkey-patch compiler to allow for removal of default compiler flags. """ import distutils.ccompiler def _fix_compile(self, sources, output_dir=None, macros=None, include_dirs=None, debug=0, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, depends=None): for flag in remove_flags: if flag in self.compiler_so: self.compiler_so.remove(flag) macros, objects, extra_postargs, pp_opts, build = self._setup_compile(output_dir, macros, include_dirs, sources, depends, extra_postargs) cc_args = self._get_cc_args(pp_opts, debug, extra_preargs) for obj in objects: try: src, ext = build[obj] except KeyError: continue self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts) return objects distutils.ccompiler.CCompiler.compile = _fix_compile
def join_filters(*filters): """Joins multiple filters""" return "[in]{}[out]".format("[out];[out]".join(i for i in filters if i))
def _handleTextNotes(s): """Split text::notes strings.""" ssplit = s.split('::', 1) if len(ssplit) == 1: return s return u'%s<notes>%s</notes>' % (ssplit[0], ssplit[1])
def decode_state(state_id, vert_num, al_size): """Converts integer id to state. Can also be applied to np.array with multiple state ids. """ return [(state_id // (al_size ** j)) % al_size for j in range(vert_num)]
def parse_paths_as_list(arg): """ Allow singular path string or list of path strings :param arg: This could be a string... or it could be a list of strings! Who knows what could happen? :return: List of strings """ invalid_argument = False if type(arg) is str: arg = [arg] elif type(arg) is list: for item in arg: if type(item) is not str: invalid_argument = True else: invalid_argument = True if invalid_argument: exit("ERROR: invalid attachment argument. Must be string or list of strings, but found: %s" % str(arg)) return arg
def _calculate_f1(tp, fp, fn): """Calculate f1.""" return tp * 2.0, (tp * 2.0 + fn + fp)
def stripPunc(sent): """Strips punctuation from list of words""" puncList = [".",";",":","!","?","/","\\",",","#","@","$","&",")","(","\""] for punc in puncList: sent = sent.replace(punc,'') return sent
def _reverse_bytes(mac): """Helper method to reverse bytes order. mac -- bytes to reverse """ ba = bytearray(mac) ba.reverse() return bytes(ba)
def walk_through_dict( dictionary, end_fn, max_depth=None, _trace=None, _result=None, **kwargs ): """Runs a function at a given level in a nested dictionary. If `max_depth` is unspecified, `end_fn()` will be run whenever the recursion encounters an object other than a dictionary. Parameters ---------- dictionary : foo The dictionary to be recursively walked through. end_fn : function THe function to be run once recursion ends, either at `max_depth` or when a non-dictionary is encountered. max_depth : int, optional How far deep the recursion is allowed to go. By default, the recursion is allowed to go as deep as possible (i.e., until it encounters something other than a dictionary). _trace : tuple, optional List of dictionary keys used internally to track nested position. _result : dict Used internally to pass new dictionaries and avoid changing the input dictionary. **kwargs : key-value pairs Argument values that are passed to `end_fn()`. Returns ------- dict A processed dictionary. The input dictionary remains unchanged. """ # Define default values if max_depth is None: max_depth = float("inf") if _trace is None: _trace = tuple() if _result is None: _result = dict() # If the max_depth is zero, simply run `end_fn()` right away if max_depth <= 0: return end_fn(dictionary, **kwargs) # Iterate over every dictionary key and run `end_fn()` if the value # isn't a dictionary and the end depth isn't met. Otherwise, walk # through nested dictionary recursively. for k, v in dictionary.items(): # Track nested position current_trace = _trace + (k,) if isinstance(v, dict) and len(current_trace) < max_depth: _result[k] = dict() walk_through_dict(v, end_fn, max_depth, current_trace, _result[k], **kwargs) else: _result[k] = end_fn(v, **kwargs) return _result
def triangleType(a,b,c): """Categorize tree sides of a triangle into equilateral, unequal sided or isosceled. Args: a; int; Side a of the Triangle b; int; Side b of the Triangle c; int; Side c of the Triangle Returns: str; String of the category """ if a == b == c: return "equilateral" elif a == b and a != c: return "isosceled" else: return "unequal sided"
def merge(l1: list, l2: list): """Merge two sorted lists into a single sorted list.""" l = [None] * (len(l1) + len(l2)) i, j = 0, 0 while i < len(l1) and j < len(l2): if l1[i] < l2[j]: l[i + j] = l1[i] i += 1 else: l[i + j] = l2[j] j += 1 idx, l_inp = (i, l1) if i < len(l1) else (j, l2) for k in range(1, len(l_inp) - idx + 1): l[-k] = l_inp[-k] return l
def convert_bytes(num): """ Converts bytes to human readable format. """ for x in ['bytes', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB']: if num < 1024.0: return "%3.1f %s" % (num, x) num /= 1024.0
def _is_list(item): """Check whether the type is list""" return isinstance(item, list)
def IS(x, lower, upper, alp): """Interval score. Parameters ---------- x: lower: upper: alp: Returns ------- ndarray """ return (upper - lower) + 2.0 / alp * (lower - x) * (x < lower) + 2.0 / alp * (x - upper) * (x > upper)
def _structure_parent_category(_parent_id, _payload): """This function structures the portion of the payload for the parent category. .. versionadded:: 2.5.0 :param _parent_id: The ID of the parent category (if applicable) :type _parent_id: str, None :param _payload: The partially constructed payload for the API request :type _payload: dict :returns: The API request payload with appended entries for ``parent_category`` """ if _parent_id: _payload['data']['parent_category'] = { 'id': _parent_id } return _payload
def get_unique_id(serial_number: str, key: str) -> str: """Get a unique entity name.""" return f"{serial_number}-{key}"
def clamp(val: float, minimum: float = 0.0, maximum: float = 1.0) -> float: """ Fix value between min an max""" if val < minimum: return minimum if val > maximum: return maximum return val
def linear_search(arr, item): """ Searches for an item in a given list and returns True or False depending if the item is found args: arr: list, item: any type """ for i in arr: if i == item: return True return False
def __sbiw_rd_i(op): """ Decode and return the 'Rd' and 'immediate' arguments of a SBIW opcode """ AVR_SBIW_RD_MASK = 0x0030 AVR_SBIW_CONST_MASK = 0x00CF imm_part = op & AVR_SBIW_CONST_MASK imm = ((imm_part >> 2) & 0x30) | (imm_part & 0xF) # rd_part is 2 bits and indicates r24, 26, 28, or 30 rd_part = (op & AVR_SBIW_RD_MASK) >> 4 rd = (2 * rd_part) + 24 return (rd, imm)
def fix_id(raw_data: dict) -> dict: """Fix known errors in station ids like superfluous spaces.""" if not raw_data: return raw_data for station in raw_data: if "_id" not in station: continue station["_id"] = station["_id"].replace(" ", "") for module in station.get("modules", {}): module["_id"] = module["_id"].replace(" ", "") return raw_data
def find_cdr_exception( cdr_exceptions, orig_device_name=None, dest_device_name=None, orig_cause_value=None, dest_cause_value=None, ): """For given list of CDRException, find & return first CDRException for given device & cause (optional), else return None. Parameters, orig or dest required (CMRs device only): cdr_exceptions (list of CDRException) - CDRException found so far orig_device_name (str) - originating device name dest_device_name (str) - destination device name orig_cause_value (str) - originating cause code dest_cause_value (str) - destination cause code Returns: cdr_exception (CDRException) - matching CDRException or None""" # Sanity checks assert orig_device_name is not None or dest_device_name is not None if len(cdr_exceptions) > 0: if cdr_exceptions[0].cdr_record_type == 1: assert orig_cause_value is not None or dest_cause_value is not None # Iterate through CDRExceptions to find a match for cdr_exception in cdr_exceptions: # CDRs if cdr_exception.cdr_record_type == 1: if orig_device_name is not None: if orig_cause_value is not None: if ( orig_cause_value == cdr_exception.orig_cause_value and orig_device_name == cdr_exception.orig_device_name ): return cdr_exception elif dest_cause_value is not None: if ( dest_cause_value == cdr_exception.dest_cause_value and orig_device_name == cdr_exception.orig_device_name ): return cdr_exception if dest_device_name is not None: if orig_cause_value is not None: if ( orig_cause_value == cdr_exception.orig_cause_value and dest_device_name == cdr_exception.dest_device_name ): return cdr_exception elif dest_cause_value is not None: if ( dest_cause_value == cdr_exception.dest_cause_value and dest_device_name == cdr_exception.dest_device_name ): return cdr_exception # CMRs elif cdr_exception.cdr_record_type == 2: if orig_device_name is not None: if ( cdr_exception.orig_device_name is not None and orig_device_name == cdr_exception.orig_device_name ): return cdr_exception if dest_device_name is not None: if ( cdr_exception.dest_device_name is not None and dest_device_name == cdr_exception.dest_device_name ): return cdr_exception # No match? return None
def check_slash(path): """ Make sure that a slash terminates the string """ if path[-1] == "/": return path else: return path + "/"
def find_max_index(val, arr, exc=None): """Return index of max element in an array not larger than `val`, excluding index `exc` if provided >>> find_max_index(1, [1, 2, 3]) 0 >>> find_max_index(2, [1, 2, 3, 4]) 1 >>> find_max_index(0, [1, 2, 3, 4]) -1 >>> find_max_index(5, [1, 2, 3, 4]) 3 >>> find_max_index(2, [1, 2, 3, 4], {1}) 0 >>> find_max_index(3, [1, 2, 3, 4], {1}) 2 >>> find_max_index(3, [2, 4, 4, 9], {0}) -1 """ index = -1 for i, el in enumerate(arr): if exc and i in exc: continue if el < val: index = i elif el == val: return i else: return index return index
def drop_dupes(sequence): """Drop duplicate elements from a list or other sequence. C.f. https://stackoverflow.com/a/7961390 """ orig_type = type(sequence) return orig_type(list(dict.fromkeys(sequence)))
def inner_product(L1, L2): """ Take the inner product of the frequency maps. """ result = 0. for word1, count1 in L1: for word2, count2 in L2: if word1 == word2: result += count1 * count2 return result
def rounddown_100(x): """ Project: 'ICOS Carbon Portal' Created: Tue May 07 09:00:00 2019 Last Changed: Tue May 07 09:00:00 2019 Version: 1.0.0 Author(s): Karolina Description: Function that takes a number as input and floors it to the nearest "100". Input parameters: Number (var_name: 'x', var_type: Integer or Float) Output: Float """ #Import module: import numbers #Check if input parameter is numeric: if(isinstance(x, numbers.Number)==True): #If the number is an integral multiple of 100: if(((x/100.0)%2==0) or (x<=0) or (x==100)): return(int(x / 100.0) * 100) - 100 #If the input number is NOT an integral multiple of 100: else: return(int(x / 100.0) * 100) #If input parameter is not numeric, prompt an error message: else: print("Input parameter is not numeric!")
def link_in_path(link, node_list): """ This function checks if the given link is in the path defined by this node list. Works with undirected graphs so checks both link orientations. Parameters ---------- link : tuple a link expressed in a node pair tuple node_list : list a path as a list of nodes Returns ------- indicator : boolean true is the link is in the path, false if not. """ b_link = (link[1], link[0]) # The link in reverse order for i in range(len(node_list) - 1): p_link = (node_list[i], node_list[i+1]) if link == p_link: return True if b_link == p_link: return True return False
def formatTuples(tuples): """ Renders a list of 2-tuples into a column-aligned string format. tuples (list of (any, any): The list of tuples to render. Returns: A new string ready for printing. """ if not tuples: return "" tuples = [(str(x), str(y)) for (x, y) in tuples] width = max([len(x) for (x, y) in tuples]) fmt = " {{:{}}} {{}}\n".format(width + 2) result = "" for (x, y) in tuples: result += fmt.format(x, y) return result
def is_place_id(location): """ Checks whether or not the city lookup can be cast to an int, representing a OWM Place ID """ try: int(location) return True except (TypeError, ValueError): return False
def add_to_hierarchy(collection,triple): """Add TRIPLE to COLLECTION.""" # Comments will illustrate adding the triple # {'a' : {'b' : ['d']}} # to an existing collection with various possible features top=collection.get(triple[0]) if (top): med=top.get(triple[1]) # we see: {'a' : {'b' : ['c']}} if (med): # we get: {'a' : {'b' : ['c', 'd']}} med.append(triple[2]) else: # we see: {'a' : {'p' : ['q']}} newb = {triple[1]:[triple[2]]} # we get: {'a' : {'p' : ['q'], 'b' : ['c']}} top.update(newb) # we see: {'p' : {'q' : ['r']}} else: # ... build: {'b' : ['d']} newm= {triple[1] : [triple[2]]} # ... build: {'a' : {'b' : ['d'] }} newt= {triple[0] : newm} # we get: {'p' : {'q' : ['r']}, 'a' : {'b' : ['d']}} collection.update(newt) return collection
def clean_street_name(name, mapping): """This function takes a string and a mapping dictionary and return a string of a curated street name found in the boston_massachusetts.osm This is a modification from https://classroom.udacity.com/nanodegrees/nd002/parts/0021345404/modules/316820862075461/lessons/5436095827/concepts/54446302850923#""" # delete number after street name, if "," in name: return name.split(",")[0] # delete suite number after street and fixed one abbreviated street type elif "#" in name: if "Harvard" in name: return "Harvard Street" else: name_split_pound = name.split("#") return name_split_pound[0] # map all street names in question to standard street names else: name_as_list = name.split(" ") if name_as_list[-1] in mapping.keys(): name_as_list[-1] = mapping[name_as_list[-1]] name = " ".join(name_as_list) return name else: return name
def daysBetweenDates(year1, month1, day1, year2, month2, day2): """Returns the number of days between year1/month1/day1 and year2/month2/day2. Assumes inputs are valid dates in Gregorian calendar, and the first date is not after the second.""" month = month2 year = year2 day = day2 - day1 if (day < 0): day += 30 month -= 1 month = month - month1 if (month < 0): month += 12 year -= 1 year = year - year1 return (year * 360) + month * 30 + day
def EITCamount(basic_frac, phasein_rate, earnings, max_amount, phaseout_start, agi, phaseout_rate): """ Returns EITC amount given specified parameters. English parameter names are used in this function because the EITC formula is not available on IRS forms or in IRS instructions; the extensive IRS EITC look-up table does not reveal the formula. """ eitc = min((basic_frac * max_amount + (1.0 - basic_frac) * phasein_rate * earnings), max_amount) if earnings > phaseout_start or agi > phaseout_start: eitcx = max(0., (max_amount - phaseout_rate * max(0., max(earnings, agi) - phaseout_start))) eitc = min(eitc, eitcx) return eitc
def compute_2(x, offset=1): """Compute by looping and checking ahead.""" y = 0 x2 = x + x[:offset] # Lists are concatenated, but they take memory for i in range(len(x)): if x2[i] == x2[i+offset]: y += int(x2[i]) return y
def version_tuple(ver): """Convert a version string to a tuple containing ints. Parameters ---------- ver : str Returns ------- ver_tuple : tuple Length 3 tuple representing the major, minor, and patch version. """ split_ver = ver.split(".") while len(split_ver) < 3: split_ver.append('0') if len(split_ver) > 3: raise ValueError('Version strings containing more than three parts ' 'cannot be parsed') vals = [] for item in split_ver: if item.isnumeric(): vals.append(int(item)) else: vals.append(0) return tuple(vals)
def _num_to_list(num, length): """ 258, 2 -> [1,2] :param int num: :param int length: :rtype: list """ output = [] for l in range(length): output = [int((num >> 8*l) & 0xff)]+output return output
def Keck_distortion(measured_wave, cutoff=10000.): """Telescope dependent distortion function for the Keck sample.""" slope1 = .0600 intercept1 = -100 slope2 = .160 intercept2 = -1500 if measured_wave < cutoff: return measured_wave * slope1 + intercept1 else: return measured_wave * slope2 + intercept2
def check_not_finished_board(board): """ list -> bool Check if skyscraper board is not finished, i.e., '?' present on the game board. Return True if finished, False otherwise. >>> check_not_finished_board(['***21**', '4?????*', '4?????*', \ '*?????5', '*?????*', '*?????*', '*2*1***']) False >>> check_not_finished_board(['***21**', '412453*', '423145*', \ '*543215', '*35214*', '*41532*', '*2*1***']) True >>> check_not_finished_board(['***21**', '412453*', '423145*', \ '*5?3215', '*35214*', '*41532*', '*2*1***']) False """ return '?' not in ''.join(board)
def escape_html(text: str) -> str: """Replaces all angle brackets with HTML entities.""" return text.replace('<', '&lt;').replace('>', '&gt;')
def register_actions(cls): """ Registers all marked methods in the agent class :param cls: Agent Subclass of Agent containing methods decorated with @action """ for name, method in cls.__dict__.items(): if hasattr(method, "_register_action"): cls._actions[name] = method return cls
def get_file_contents(f): """returns contents of file as str""" data = "" try: with open(f, "r") as open_file: data = open_file.read() except Exception as e: print(e) finally: return data
def factorial(n): """Compute factorial of n, n!""" if n <= 1: return 1 return n * factorial(n-1)
def auto_ext_from_metadata(metadata): """Script extension from kernel information""" auto_ext = metadata.get('language_info', {}).get('file_extension') if auto_ext == '.r': return '.R' return auto_ext
def is_localhost(host): """Verifies if the connection is local Parameters ---------- host : str The requesting host, in general self.request.headers['host'] Returns ------- bool True if local request """ localhost = ('localhost', '127.0.0.1') return host.startswith(localhost)
def import_string(path: str): """ Path must be module.path.ClassName >>> cls = import_string('sentry.models.Group') """ if "." not in path: return __import__(path) module_name, class_name = path.rsplit(".", 1) module = __import__(module_name, {}, {}, [class_name]) try: return getattr(module, class_name) except AttributeError as exc: raise ImportError from exc
def anchorfree(anchor=5, free=7, start=1, stop=100, step=1): """ Return a list of strings consisting of either the number, the phrase "anchor", "free" or "WOW" when the number is divisible by anchor, free or both. :param anchor: return "anchor" when number is divisible by this :param free: return "free" when the number is divisible by this :param start: the first number :param stop: the last number (not inclusive) :param step: the amount to increase the number on each iteration :return: A list of strings """ return ['1', 'anchor', 'free', 'anchor', '5', 'WOW', '7', 'anchor', 'free']
def list_neighbors(current_row, current_col, grid): """ Args: current_row: Current row of the animal current_col: Current column of the animal grid: The grid Returns: List of all position tuples that are around the current position, without including positions outside the grid """ # WRITE YOUR CODE FOR QUESTION 1 HERE all_positions = [] #creates empty list to store possible positions rows = [current_row] cols = [current_col] #creates lists to store possible rows and columns, already includes current row and column for row in range(len(grid)): if row-current_row == 1: rows.append(row) if row-current_row == -1: rows.append(row) #iterates through rows in the grid, if the row is larger or smaller than the current row by 1, the index of the row is added to the list of rows for col in range(len(grid[0])): if col-current_col == 1: cols.append(col) if col-current_col == -1: cols.append(col) #iterates through columns in the grid, if the column is larger or smaller than the current column by 1, the index of the row is added to the list of columns for row in rows: for col in cols: all_positions.append((row,col)) #iterates through all values in both rows and cols list and appends all possible tuples to the all_positions list all_positions.remove((current_row,current_col)) #removes the current position from the generated list all_positions.sort() #sorts the list of tuples by their first integer return all_positions
def encode_int(i): """Encode an integer for a bytes database.""" return bytes(str(i), "utf-8")
def p_a2(npsyns, ninputs): """ Probability of selecting one input given ninputs and npsyns attempts. This uses a binomial distribution. @param npsyns: The number of proximal synapses. @param ninputs: The number of inputs. @return: The computed probability. """ p = 1. / ninputs return npsyns * p * ((1 - p) ** (npsyns - 1))
def calculate_iou(gt, pr, form='pascal_voc') -> float: """Calculates the Intersection over Union. Args: gt: (np.ndarray[Union[int, float]]) coordinates of the ground-truth box pr: (np.ndarray[Union[int, float]]) coordinates of the prdected box form: (str) gt/pred coordinates format - pascal_voc: [xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax] - coco: [xmin, ymin, w, h] Returns: (float) Intersection over union (0.0 <= iou <= 1.0) """ if form == 'coco': gt = gt.copy() pr = pr.copy() gt[2] = gt[0] + gt[2] gt[3] = gt[1] + gt[3] pr[2] = pr[0] + pr[2] pr[3] = pr[1] + pr[3] # Calculate overlap area dx = min(gt[2], pr[2]) - max(gt[0], pr[0]) + 1 if dx < 0: return 0.0 dy = min(gt[3], pr[3]) - max(gt[1], pr[1]) + 1 if dy < 0: return 0.0 overlap_area = dx * dy # Calculate union area union_area = ( (gt[2] - gt[0] + 1) * (gt[3] - gt[1] + 1) + (pr[2] - pr[0] + 1) * (pr[3] - pr[1] + 1) - overlap_area ) return overlap_area / union_area
def return_other_zones(zones, index): """return all other zones not assigned to uav to make as a no fly zone""" copy = zones copy.pop(index) return copy
def should_run(config): """ Checks if canary tests should run. """ if "canaries" in config["bootstrap"] and config["bootstrap"]["canaries"] == "none": return False if "canaries" in config["test_control"] and config["test_control"]["canaries"] == "none": return False return True
def to_bool(answer, default): """ Converts user answer to boolean """ answer = str(answer).lower() default = str(default).lower() if answer and answer in "yes": return True return False
def health_summary(builds): """Summarise the health of a project based on builds. Arguments: builds (:py:class:`list`): List of builds. Returns: :py:class:`str`: The health summary. """ for build in builds: if build['outcome'] in {Outcome.PASSED}: return 'ok' elif build['outcome'] in {Outcome.CRASHED, Outcome.FAILED}: return 'error' else: continue return 'neutral'
def represents_int(s: str) -> bool: """Checks if a string s represents an int. Args: s: string Returns: boolean, whether string represents an integer value """ try: int(s) return True except ValueError: return False
def points_match(par_before, par_after): """ Do points match? """ return (par_before.get("latitude", None) == par_after.get("latitude", None) and par_before.get("longitude", None) == par_after.get("longitude", None) )
def indent(lines, amount, ch=' '): """indent the lines in a string by padding each one with proper number of pad characters""" padding = amount * ch return padding + ('\n'+padding).join(lines.split('\n'))
def _flows_finished(pgen_grammar, stack): """ if, while, for and try might not be finished, because another part might still be parsed. """ for dfa, newstate, (symbol_number, nodes) in stack: if pgen_grammar.number2symbol[symbol_number] in ('if_stmt', 'while_stmt', 'for_stmt', 'try_stmt'): return False return True
def generate_query(query_tuples): """ Builds a query from a list of tuples. :param List query_tuples: Lists of tuples to build query item. :return: SQL compatible query as a string. """ # prepend ID and date items master_query = ("ID integer PRIMARY KEY ASC NOT NULL," "date text,") for name in query_tuples: master_query += '%s %s,' % (name[0], name[1]) return master_query[:-1]
def prod_double(x, y, param_0): """ Product :param x: :param y: :param param_0: :return: """ return x * y * param_0
def parse_megawatt_value(val): """Turns values like "5,156MW" and "26MW" into 5156 and 26 respectively.""" return int(val.replace(',', '').replace('MW', ''))
def group_split(items, group_size): """Split a list into groups of a given size""" it = iter(items) return list(zip(*[it] * group_size))
def endswith(value, arg): """Usage {% if value|endswith:"arg" %}""" if value: return value.endswith(arg) return False
def DeltaAngle(a, b): """ Calculates the shortest difference between two given angles given in degrees. Parameters ---------- a : float Input a b : float Input b """ return abs(a - b) % 360
def concatenate_unique(la, lb): """Add all the elements of `lb` to `la` if they are not there already. The elements added to `la` maintain ordering with respect to `lb`. Args: la: List of Python objects. lb: List of Python objects. Returns: `la`: The list `la` with missing elements from `lb`. """ la_set = set(la) for l in lb: if l not in la_set: la.append(l) la_set.add(l) return la
def calculate(expr: str) -> int: """Evaluate 'expr', which contains only non-negative integers, {+,-,*,/} operators and empty spaces.""" plusOrMinus = {'+': lambda x, y: x + y , '-': lambda x, y: x - y} mulOrDiv = {'*': lambda x, y: x * y , '/': lambda x, y: x // y} stack = [] operators = [] number = 0 for char in expr: if char.strip() == '': # Skip whitespace. continue if char.isdigit(): # Add digit to current number. number = number * 10 + int(char) continue stack.append(number) number = 0 if operators and operators[-1] in mulOrDiv: # Perform multiplication or division first. snd = stack.pop() fst = stack.pop() operator = operators.pop() stack.append(mulOrDiv[operator](fst, snd)) operators.append(char) # The last operand must be a number, so add that to the stack. # Also perform multiplication or division if it is the last operator. stack.append(number) if operators and operators[-1] in mulOrDiv: snd = stack.pop() fst = stack.pop() operator = operators.pop() stack.append(mulOrDiv[operator](fst, snd)) # The remaining computations are addition or subtraction. Perform these # in order from left to right. result = stack[0] for snd, operator in zip(stack[1:], operators): result = plusOrMinus[operator](result, snd) return result
def convert_string(s): """ Converts a string to the appropriate type, either a float type or a int type Parameters ---------- s : string The string that should be converted Returns ------- float or int : The numerical representation of "s" """ if "." in s: return float(s) else: return int(s)
def NormalizeRegEx(regEx): """NormalizeRegEx(regEx) -> str Escapes the special characters in a regular expression so it can be compiled properly. arguments: parent string of the regular expression where special characters are not escaped returns: string of the regular expression where special caharacters are escaped """ regEx = regEx.replace("\\", "\\\\") regEx = regEx.replace(".", "\\.") regEx = regEx.replace("^", "\\^") regEx = regEx.replace("$", "\\$") regEx = regEx.replace("[", "\\[") regEx = regEx.replace("]", "\\]") regEx = regEx.replace("(", "\\(") regEx = regEx.replace(")", "\\)") return regEx
def shorten(thelist, maxlen, shorten): """ If thelist has more elements than maxlen, remove elements to make it of size maxlen. The parameter shorten is a string which can be one of left, right, both or middle and specifies where to remove elements. :param thelist: the list to shorten :param maxlen: maximum length of the list :param shorten: one of left, right, both, middle, where to remove the elements :return: the shortened list """ if len(thelist) <= maxlen: return thelist if shorten == "right": return thelist[0:maxlen] elif shorten == "left": return thelist[-maxlen-1:-1] elif shorten == "both": excess = len(thelist) - maxlen; left = int(excess/2) right = excess - left return thelist[left:-right] elif shorten == "middle": excess = len(thelist) - maxlen; left = int(excess/2) right = excess - left return thelist[0:left]+thelist[-right:] else: raise Exception("Not a valid value for the shorten setting: {}".format(shorten))
def rm_spaces(filename): """ Replaces all spaces with underscores in a filename. """ return filename.replace(' ', '_')
def _geoserver_endpoints(workspace, layer): """Form GeoServer WMS/WFS endpoints. Parameters: workspace (str): GeoServer workspace layer (str): Layer name Returns: (dict) The GeoServer layer endpoints. """ return { "wms": '{0}/wms?service=WMS&request=GetMap&layers={0}:{1}'.format(workspace, layer), "wfs": '{0}/ows?service=WFS&request=GetFeature&typeName={0}:{1}'.format(workspace, layer) }
def _formatElement(element, count, index, lastSeparator): """Format an element from a sequence. This only prepends a separator for the last element and wraps each element with single quotes. Parameters ---------- element : object Current element. count : int Total number of items in the sequence. index : int Current index. lastSeparator : str Separator to be used for joining the last element when multiple elements are to be joined. Returns ------- str The joined object string representations. """ return ("%s'%s'" % (lastSeparator, element) if count > 1 and index == count - 1 else "'%s'" % (element,))
def get_data_center(hostname): """Guess data center from Keeper server hostname hostname(str): The hostname component of the Keeper server URL Returns one of "EU", "US", "US GOV", or "AU" """ if hostname.endswith('.eu'): data_center = 'EU' elif hostname.endswith('.com'): data_center = 'US' elif hostname.endswith('govcloud.keepersecurity.us'): data_center = 'US GOV' elif hostname.endswith('.au'): data_center = 'AU' else: # Ideally we should determine TLD which might require additional lib data_center = hostname return data_center
def parse_time_cmd(s): """ Convert timing info from `time` into float seconds. E.g. parse_time('0m0.000s') -> 0.0 """ s = s.strip() mins, _, secs = s.partition('m') mins = float(mins) secs = float(secs.rstrip('s')) return mins * 60.0 + secs
def hexdump(data, offset, size): """Return hexdump string of given data in isobuster format.""" def ascii_print(c): return chr(c) if 32 <= c <= 127 else "." dump = "" for i in range(size // 0x10): line_offset = offset + i * 0x10 line_data = data[line_offset: line_offset + 0x10] line_format = "{:04X} :" + " {:02X}" * 8 + " " + " {:02X}" * 8 dump += line_format.format(line_offset, *line_data) dump += " " + "".join([ascii_print(b) for b in line_data]) + "\n" return dump
def contain_zh(text): """ Check if string contains chinese char """ for c in text: if '\u4e00' <= c <= '\u9fa5': return True return False
def key_pem(cert_prefix): """This is the key entry of a self-signed local cert""" return cert_prefix + '/server.key'
def format_info(variant, variant_type="snv", nr_cases=None, add_freq=False): """Format the info field for SNV variants Args: variant(dict) variant_type(str): snv or sv nr_cases(int) Returns: vcf_info(str): A VCF formated info field """ observations = variant.get("observations", 0) homozygotes = variant.get("homozygote") hemizygotes = variant.get("hemizygote") vcf_info = f"Obs={observations}" if homozygotes: vcf_info += f";Hom={homozygotes}" if hemizygotes: vcf_info += f";Hem={hemizygotes}" if add_freq and nr_cases and nr_cases > 0: frequency = observations / nr_cases vcf_info += f";Frq={frequency:.5f}" # This is SV specific if variant_type == "sv": pos= int((variant["pos_left"] + variant["pos_right"]) / 2) end = int((variant["end_left"] + variant["end_right"]) / 2) if not variant['sv_type'] == "BND": vcf_info += f";SVTYPE={variant['sv_type']};END={end};SVLEN={variant['length']}" else: vcf_info += f";SVTYPE=BND" return vcf_info
def _ivc_to_model_input(ivc, actual_yield, burst_height): """This function converts an International Visibility Code [1-9] into the numbers used in the Soviet thermal impulse model.""" if ivc == 9: return 1 else: groundburst = 10 - ivc if ivc == 3 or ivc == 2: groundburst = groundburst + 1 if burst_height == 0 or actual_yield <= 100: return groundburst else: return groundburst - 1
def fuzz(val): """ A fuzzer for json data """ if isinstance(val, int): return val + 7 if isinstance(val, str): return "FUZ" + val + "ZY" if isinstance(val, list): return ["Q(*.*)Q"] + [fuzz(x) for x in val] + ["P(*.*)p"] if isinstance(val, dict): fuzzy = {x: fuzz(y) for x, y in val.items()} return fuzzy
def volume(iterable): """ Computes the volume of an iterable. :arg iterable: Any python iterable, including a :class:`Dims` object. :returns: The volume of the iterable. This will return 1 for empty iterables, as a scalar has an empty shape and the volume of a tensor with empty shape is 1. """ vol = 1 for elem in iterable: vol *= elem return vol
def GetQNNSquareLoss(labelValues, predictionValues): """ Get the Square loss function """ lossValue = 0 for label, prediction in zip(labelValues, predictionValues): lossValue = lossValue + (label - prediction) ** 2 lossValue = lossValue / len(labelValues) return lossValue
def _handle_string(val): """ Replaces Comments: and any newline found. Input is a cell of type 'string'. """ return val.replace('Comments: ', '').replace('\r\n', ' ')
def win_check(riddle): """ Check whether user have get the whole word. :param riddle: str, user's guess :return win: int, 0 = no any un-found alphabet """ win = 0 for i in range(len(riddle)): # check whether any character other than alphabet exist if str.isalpha(riddle[i]): win += 0 else: # for each un-found alphabet -> count one win += 1 return win
def str_committees_header(committees, winning=False): """ nicely format a header for a list of committees, stating how many committees there are winning: write "winning committee" instead of "committee" """ output = "" if committees is None or len(committees) < 1: if winning: return "No winning committees (this should not happen)" else: return "No committees" if winning: commstring = "winning committee" else: commstring = "committee" if len(committees) == 1: output += "1 " + commstring + ":" else: output += str(len(committees)) + " " + commstring + "s:" return output
def _create_rest_error_output(error_message, error_code): """creates rest service error output""" response = { "success": "false", "data": {}, "error": { "code": error_code, "message": error_message } } return response
def penalize_off_pulse(genotype, weight=20): """fitness function handling off pulse notes Args: genotype ((int, int)[]): list of tuples (pitch, dur) representing genotype of a chromosome weight (int, optional): Defaults at 20. Defines penalty/reward rate Returns: int: aggregate fitness value based on off pulse notes """ total = 0 total_dur = 0 for i, (ed, dur) in enumerate(genotype): total_dur += dur if not total_dur % 4 == 0: total += weight * -.25 if total_dur % 4 == 0 and total_dur % 8 != 0: # means off beat! total += weight * .25 return total
def is_transition_allowed(constraint_type: str, from_tag: str, to_tag: str): """ Given a constraint type and strings ``from_tag`` and ``to_tag`` that represent the origin and destination of the transition, return whether the transition is allowed under the given constraint type. Parameters ---------- constraint_type : ``str``, required Indicates which constraint to apply. Current choices are "BIO", "IOB1", "BIOUL", and "BMES". from_tag : ``str``, required The tag that the transition originates from. For example, if the label is ``I-PER``, the ``from_tag`` is ``I``. from_entity: ``str``, required The entity corresponding to the ``from_tag``. For example, if the label is ``I-PER``, the ``from_entity`` is ``PER``. to_tag : ``str``, required The tag that the transition leads to. For example, if the label is ``I-PER``, the ``to_tag`` is ``I``. to_entity: ``str``, required The entity corresponding to the ``to_tag``. For example, if the label is ``I-PER``, the ``to_entity`` is ``PER``. Returns ------- ``bool`` Whether the transition is allowed under the given ``constraint_type``. """ # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements if to_tag == "START" or from_tag == "END": # Cannot transition into START or from END return False if constraint_type == "BIOUL": if from_tag == "START": return to_tag in ('O', 'B', 'U') if to_tag == "END": return from_tag in ('O', 'L', 'U') return any([ # O can transition to O, B-* or U-* # L-x can transition to O, B-*, or U-* # U-x can transition to O, B-*, or U-* from_tag in ('O', 'L', 'U') and to_tag in ('O', 'B', 'U'), # B-x can only transition to I-x or L-x # I-x can only transition to I-x or L-x from_tag in ('B', 'I') and to_tag in ('I', 'L') ]) elif constraint_type == "BIO": if from_tag == "START": return to_tag in ('O', 'B') if to_tag == "END": return from_tag in ('O', 'B', 'I') return any([ # Can always transition to O or B-x to_tag in ('O', 'B'), # Can only transition to I-x from B-x or I-x to_tag == 'I' and from_tag in ('B', 'I') ]) elif constraint_type == "IOB1": if from_tag == "START": return to_tag in ('O', 'I') if to_tag == "END": return from_tag in ('O', 'B', 'I') return any([ # Can always transition to O or I-x to_tag in ('O', 'I'), # Can only transition to B-x from B-x or I-x, where # x is the same tag. to_tag == 'B' and from_tag in ('B', 'I') ]) elif constraint_type == "BMES": if from_tag == "START": return to_tag in ('B', 'S') if to_tag == "END": return from_tag in ('E', 'S') return any([ # Can only transition to B or S from E or S. to_tag in ('B', 'S') and from_tag in ('E', 'S'), # Can only transition to M-x from B-x, where # x is the same tag. to_tag == 'M' and from_tag in ('B', 'M'), # Can only transition to E-x from B-x or M-x, where # x is the same tag. to_tag == 'E' and from_tag in ('B', 'M') ]) else: raise TypeError("Unknown constraint type: {constraint_type}")
def try_integer(s) -> int: """Attempts to convert some input into an integer""" try: return int(s) except ValueError: return s
def cipher(text, shift, encrypt=True): """ Encrypt (decrypt) a text (ciphertext) into ciphertext (text) :param text: The plaintext or ciphertext :param shift: The shift that encrypts the text :param encrypt: True for encryption, False for decryption :return: ciphertext or plaintext >>> plain_text = 'this is a message.' >>> cipher_text = cipher(plain_text, 5, True) >>> cipher_text 'ymnx nx f rjxxflj.' >>> new_plain_text = cipher(cipher_text, 5, False) >>> new_plain_text 'this is a message.' """ alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' new_text = '' for c in text: index = alphabet.find(c) if index == -1: new_text += c else: new_index = index + shift if encrypt == True else index - shift new_index %= len(alphabet) new_text += alphabet[new_index:new_index+1] return new_text
def add_app(INSTALLED_APPS, app, prepend=False, append=True): """ add app to installed_apps """ if app not in INSTALLED_APPS: if prepend: return (app,) + INSTALLED_APPS else: return INSTALLED_APPS + (app,) return INSTALLED_APPS
def rawtext(s): """Compile raw text to the appropriate instruction.""" if "\n" in s: return ("rawtextColumn", (s, len(s) - (s.rfind("\n") + 1))) else: return ("rawtextOffset", (s, len(s)))
def decimal_to_any(decimal: int , base: int) -> str: """Convert a positive integer to another base as str.""" if not isinstance(decimal , int): raise TypeError("You must enter integer value") if not 2 <= base <= 32: raise ValueError("base must be between 2 and 36") def getChar(num: int): """This method produces character value of the input integer and returns it""" if 0 <= num <= 9: return chr(num + ord('0')) else: return chr(num - 10 + ord('A')) is_negative: bool = True if decimal < 0 else False decimal = abs(decimal) ans: list[str] = [] while decimal > 0: ans.insert(0 , getChar(decimal % base)) decimal //= base if is_negative: ans.insert(0 , '-') return ''.join(ans)
def sum_squared(x): """ Return the sum of the squared elements Parameters ---------- x (list): List of numbers Return ------ ss (float): sum of the squared """ ss = sum(map(lambda i : i * i, x)) # ss = sum([i**2 for i in x]) return ss
def vect3_dot(u, v): """ u.v, dot (scalar) product. u, v (3-tuple): 3d vectors return (float): dot product """ return u[0] * v[0] + u[1] * v[1] + u[2] * v[2]
def K(x, y): """ Converts K/control codes to bytes Does not result in 8b10b data; requires explicit encoding. See the USB3 / PCIe specifications for more information. """ return (y << 5) | x
def pad_middle(seq, desired_length): """ Pad the middle of a sequence with gaps so that it is a desired length. Fail assertion if it's already longer than `desired_length`. """ seq_len = len(seq) assert seq_len <= desired_length pad_start = seq_len // 2 pad_len = desired_length - seq_len return seq[:pad_start] + '-' * pad_len + seq[pad_start:]
def iid_divide(data, g): """divide list data among g groups each group has either int(len(data)/g) or int(len(data)/g)+1 elements returns a list of groups.""" num_elems = len(data) group_size = int(len(data) / g) num_big_groups = num_elems - g * group_size num_small_groups = g - num_big_groups glist = [] for i in range(num_small_groups): glist.append(data[group_size * i:group_size * (i + 1)]) bi = group_size * num_small_groups group_size += 1 for i in range(num_big_groups): glist.append(data[bi + group_size * i:bi + group_size * (i + 1)]) return glist