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def anagram(word): """Returns random words from a file Parameters ---------- word : str Word in which we will return all permutations of Raises ------ TypeError If no no or 1 parameter was given...requires two keyword parameters path and ammount """ if len(word) <= 1: return word else: tmp = [] for perm in anagram(word[1:]): for i in range(len(word)): tmp.append(perm[:i] + word[0:1] + perm[i:]) return tmp
def fragment_positions(fragment): """Get the fragmnent position.""" return ( len(fragment), [aln.chromosome for aln in fragment], [aln.position for aln in fragment], [aln.flag for aln in fragment])
def guard(f, *args, **kwargs): """ Run a function. Return (is_error, result), where ``is_error`` is a boolean indicating whether it raised an exception. In that case, ``result`` will be an exception. """ try: return (False, f(*args, **kwargs)) except Exception as e: return (True, e)
def egcd(a, b): """ Given a, and b, calculates the egcd and returns the x and y values >>> egcd(9, 6) (1, -1) >>> egcd(51, 0) (1, 0) >>> egcd(1,0) (1, 0) """ if b == 0: return (1, 0) else: q = a // b r = a % b (s, t) = egcd(b, r) return (t, s - q * t)
def _get_fields(attrs, field_class, pop=False): """ Get fields from a class. :param attrs: Mapping of class attributes :param type field_class: Base field class :param bool pop: Remove matching fields """ fields = [ (field_name, field_value) for field_name, field_value in attrs.items() if issubclass(field_value, field_class) or isinstance(field_value, field_class) ] if pop: for field_name, _ in fields: del attrs[field_name] return fields
def make_geotransform(x_len, y_len, origin): """ Build an array of affine transformation coefficients. Parameters: x_len (int or float): The length of a pixel along the x axis. Generally, this will be a positive value. y_len (int of float): The length of a pixel along the y axis. Generally (in North-up rasters), this will be a negative value. origin (tuple of ints or floats): The origin of the raster, a 2-element tuple. Returns: A 6-element list with this structure: :: [ Origin along x-axis, Length of a pixel along the x axis, 0.0, (this is the standard in north-up projections) Origin along y-axis, Length of a pixel along the y axis, 0.0 (this is the standard in north-up projections) ] """ return [origin[0], x_len, 0, origin[1], 0, y_len]
def divide_by(value, arg): """ Returns the result of the division of value with arg. """ result = 0 try: result = value / arg except: # error in division pass return result
def selectionSort(array: list = [10, 9, 8, 7 ,6 , 5 ,4 ,3, 2, 1], wasChange: bool = False) -> list: """This method will sort a number array. Args: array (list, optional): unordered number array. Defaults to [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]. wasChange (bool, optional): This conditional is to indicate that the cycle does not repeat itself unnecessarily more times. Defaults to False. Returns: list: sorted array. """ for i in range(len(array)): wasChange = False idxDes: int = i for j in range(i+1, len(array)): if array[idxDes] > array[j]: wasChange = True idxDes = j if wasChange == False: break array[i], array[idxDes] = array[idxDes], array[i] return array
def _makequalifiers(qualifiers, indent): """Return a MOF fragment for a NocaseDict of qualifiers.""" if len(qualifiers) == 0: return '' return '[%s]' % ',\n '.ljust(indent + 2). \ join([q.tomof(indent) for q in sorted(qualifiers.values())])
def rectintersection(r1, r2): """Returns the rect corresponding to the intersection between two rects. Returns `None` if non-overlapping. """ if r1[0] > r2[2] or r1[2] < r2[0] or r1[1] > r2[3] or r1[3] < r2[1]: return None ret = [max(r1[0], r2[0]), max(r1[1], r2[1]), min(r1[2], r2[2]), min(r1[3], r2[3])] return ret
def gettype(var): """Return the type of var Parameters: ---------- var: any type Type to be tested Returns: ------- type: type Type of var Examples: -------- >>> gettype(3) <type 'int'> >>> gettype(None) <type 'int'> >>> gettype([1,2,3]) <type 'list'> >>> gettype('Hello World') <type 'str'> """ if var is None:return int else:return type(var)
def naics_filter(opps): """Filter out opps without desired naics Arguments: opps {list} -- a list of sam opportunity api results naics {list} -- a list of naics to filter with Returns: [list] -- a subset of results with matching naics """ naics = ('334111', '334118', '3343', '33451', '334516', '334614', '5112', '518', '54169', '54121', '5415', '54169', '61142') filtered_opps = [] for opp in opps: #naics_array = opp.get('data',{}).get('naics') naics_array = opp.get('naics',{}) if not naics_array: continue nested_naics_codes = [c for c in [d.get('code',[]) for d in naics_array]] #opp_naics = [i for sublist in nested_naics_codes for i in sublist] opp_naics = [i for i in nested_naics_codes ] for c in opp_naics: if any(c.startswith(n) for n in naics): filtered_opps.append(opp) break return filtered_opps
def _capped_double_heads(num_heads, cap=16): """Calculate the number of heads for the attention layers with more heads. The number of heads will be twice the normal amount (num_heads), until it reaches |cap| heads. Args: num_heads: the num_heads hparam for the model. cap: the maximum number of heads |num_heads| will be doubled to. Returns: The number of heads for the attention layers that have more heads. """ return max(min(num_heads * 2, cap), num_heads)
def from_time_str(time_str): """Parses the number of seconds from the given time string in [[HH:]MM:]SS[.XXX] format. Examples:: "00.0" => 0.0 "01:00.0" => 60.0 "01:05.0" => 65.0 "16700:52:03.0" => 60123123.0 Args: time_str: a time string in "HH:MM:SS.XXX" format Returns: the number of seconds """ return sum( float(n) * m for n, m in zip(reversed(time_str.split(":")), (1, 60, 3600)) )
def _run_arrays(inner_fn, slice, arrays_dict, **kwargs): """ Assumes that the lengths of the value arrays are all the same. """ # SETUP the re-usable kwargs with parameters and arrays and then poke values one row at a time res = [] for row_i in range(slice[0], slice[1]): for field_i, (key, array) in enumerate(arrays_dict.items()): kwargs[key] = array[row_i] val = inner_fn(**kwargs) if isinstance(val, tuple): res += [val] else: res += [(val,)] return res
def get_shell(orb): """Get the angular quantum numbers for a GTO according to its respective shell""" if "s" in orb: return (0, 0, 0) if "px" in orb: return (1, 0, 0) if "py" in orb: return (0, 1, 0) if "pz" in orb: return (0, 0, 1) return None
def listify(item): """ Ensure that the input is a list or tuple. Parameters ---------- item: object or list or tuple the input data. Returns ------- out: list the liftify input data. """ if isinstance(item, list) or isinstance(item, tuple): return item else: return [item]
def roc(counts): """Function computing TPR and FPR. Output arguments: ================= tpr : float True positive rate fpr : float False positive rate """ tp, fp, tn, fn = counts return float(tp) / (tp+fn), float(fp) / (fp+tn)
def derivative2_centered_h1(target, y): """ Implements the taylor centered approach to calculate the second derivative. :param target: the position to be derived, must be len(y)-1 > target > 0 :param y: an array with the values :return: the centered second derivative of target """ if len(y) - 1 <= target <= 0: raise(ValueError("Invalid target, array size {}, given {}".format(len(y), target))) return (y[target + 1] - 2*y[target] + y[target - 1])/4
def compass_angle(data: list, angles: tuple = (0.0, 360.0)) -> list: """ Filter out images that do not lie within compass angle range :param data: The data to be filtered :type data: list :param angles: The compass angle range to filter through :type angle: tuple of floats :return: A feature list :rtype: list """ if len(angles) != 2: raise ValueError("Angles must be a tuple of length 2") if angles[0] > angles[1]: raise ValueError("First angle must be less than second angle") if angles[0] < 0.0 or angles[1] > 360.0: raise ValueError("Angles must be between 0 and 360") return [ feature for feature in data if angles[0] <= feature["properties"]["compass_angle"] <= angles[1] ]
def _or_optional_event(env, event, optional_event): """If the optional_event is None, the event is returned. Otherwise the event and optional_event are combined through an any_of event, thus returning an event that will trigger if either of these events triggers. Used by single_run_process to combine an event used to wait for a reservation to become available with its optional stop_reservation_waiting_event.""" if optional_event is None: return event return env.any_of(events=[event, optional_event])
def gcd(m, n): """ Euclid's Algorithm """ while m % n != 0: oldm = m oldn = n m = oldn n = oldm % oldn return n
def is_shutdown_test(item): """Return `True` if the item is a launch test.""" return getattr(item, '_launch_pytest_is_shutdown', False)
def canConstruct_v6(ransomNote: str, magazine: str) -> bool: """ This solution, I picked from the problem discussion page. Contributed by user 'siwal'. I liked the intuitive and straight forward approach: 1) Take the next letter from the note. 2) If the required record is not found in a magazine, we can not compose the given note. 2a) Stop pointless. 3) Otherwise, cut out the letter and advance. The magazines now have one more cutout and one less letter. 4) Repeat 1 to 3 until note is complete. 5) Success! Nice! Easy to understand! """ for letter in ransomNote: if letter not in magazine: return False else: magazine = magazine.replace(letter, '', 1) return True
def _lc_list(lst): """ Return a lower-cased list from the input list. """ result = [] for value in lst: result.append(value.lower()) return result
def group_iam_policies_by_targets(policies): """ Groups the collection of IAM actions by target. """ policies_by_targets = {} for policy in policies: target = policy['properties']['resource'] if not target in policies_by_targets: policies_by_targets[target] = [] policies_by_targets[target].append(policy) return policies_by_targets
def isurl(url: str) -> bool: """Check *url* is URL or not.""" if url and '://' in url: return True else: return False
def getBPDifferenceDistance(stack1, stack2): """ Based on the not identical amount of base pairs within both structure stacks """ d = 0 for i in stack1.keys(): # check base pairs in stack 1 if i < stack1[i] and stack1[i] != stack2[i]: d += 1 # check base pairs in stack 2 for i in stack2.keys(): if i < stack2[i] and stack1[i] != stack2[i]: d += 1 return d
def get_template_from_path(path: str) -> str: """Convert a normal path back to its template representation.""" # replace all path parts with the template tags path = path.replace("\\", "/") return path
def get_riming_class_name_dict(method='Praz2017'): """ Get riming class ID from riming name according to a given hydrometeor classif method Input: method: hydro class method. Default Praz2017 based on https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/10/1335/2017/ """ if method == 'Praz2017': dict = { 'undefined':0, 'unrimed':1, 'rimed':2, 'densely_rimed':3, 'graupel-like':4, 'graupel':5 } else: raise ValueError("Riming class dictionary not available for method {}.".format(method)) return dict
def attrsearch(o, attr_substr): """ Return a list of any attributes of object o that have the string attr_substr in the name of the attribute. >>> attrsearch(dict(), 'key') ['fromkeys', 'has_key', 'iterkeys', 'keys', 'viewkeys'] >>> attrsearch(object(), 'vermicious knid') [] """ return [a for a in dir(o) if attr_substr.lower() in a.lower()]
def IonSeriesUsed(IonSeries): """ 01 - A series 02 - placeholder (was A - NH3 series in older versions of Mascot) 03 - A++ series 04 - B series 05 - placeholder (was B - NH3 series in older versions of Mascot) 06 - B++ series 07 - Y series 08 - placeholder (was Y - NH3 series in older versions of Mascot) 09 - Y++ series 10 - C series 11 - C++ series 12 - X series 13 - X++ series 14 - Z series 15 - Z++ series 16 - Z+H series 17 - Z+H++ series 18 - Z+2H series 19 - Z+2H++ series """ b1_sig = False b2_sig = False y1_sig = False y2_sig = False if IonSeries[3] == '2': b1_sig = True if IonSeries[5] == '2': b2_sig = True if IonSeries[6] == '2': y1_sig = True if IonSeries[8] == '2': y2_sig = True return {'y': {1: y1_sig, 2: y2_sig}, 'b': {1: b1_sig, 2: b2_sig}}
def jsonKeys2str(x): """Some of the yamls have integer keys, which json converts to string. in the future if there are keys that are strings that are intended to be left as strings this may break""" if isinstance(x, dict): return {(int(k) if k.isdigit() else k):v for k, v in x.items()} return x
def lowest_cost_action(ic, dc, sc, im, dm, sm, cost): """Given the following values, choose the action (insertion, deletion, or substitution), that results in the lowest cost (ties are broken using the 'match' score). This is used within the dynamic programming algorithm. * ic - insertion cost * dc - deletion cost * sc - substitution cost * im - insertion match (score) * dm - deletion match (score) * sm - substitution match (score) """ best_action = None best_match_count = -1 min_cost = min(ic, dc, sc) if min_cost == sc and cost == 0: best_action = 'equal' best_match_count = sm elif min_cost == sc and cost == 1: best_action = 'replace' best_match_count = sm elif min_cost == ic and im > best_match_count: best_action = 'insert' best_match_count = im elif min_cost == dc and dm > best_match_count: best_action = 'delete' best_match_count = dm return best_action
def trace_overall_index(batch_idx, test_time_indices): """ Given batch_idx: the particular program this all corresponds to test_time_indices: list of which (tests, timestep) to select Returns (trace_idxs, time_idxs) trace_idxs: the indices int the traces to be returned time_idxs: the indices into which timesteps should be returned """ # this assumes 5 tests exactly assert all(test < 5 for test, _ in test_time_indices) return [batch_idx * 5 + test for test, _ in test_time_indices], [time for _, time in test_time_indices]
def itemmap(func, d, factory=dict): """ Apply function to items of dictionary >>> accountids = {"Alice": 10, "Bob": 20} >>> itemmap(reversed, accountids) # doctest: +SKIP {10: "Alice", 20: "Bob"} See Also: keymap valmap """ rv = factory() rv.update(map(func, d.items())) return rv
def get_grades(n_students): """Prompt the user to input the grades for n students. Args: n_students: int. Number of grades to input. Returns: a list of floating point values """ grade_list = [] # Get the inputs from the user for _ in range(n_students): grade_list.append(int(input("Enter a number: "))) return grade_list
def ambientT(y, T0 = 20): """ y - in mmm output in degC """ return T0 + y * (3/100)
def unionranges(rangeslist): """Return the union of some closed intervals >>> unionranges([]) [] >>> unionranges([(1, 100)]) [(1, 100)] >>> unionranges([(1, 100), (1, 100)]) [(1, 100)] >>> unionranges([(1, 100), (2, 100)]) [(1, 100)] >>> unionranges([(1, 99), (1, 100)]) [(1, 100)] >>> unionranges([(1, 100), (40, 60)]) [(1, 100)] >>> unionranges([(1, 49), (50, 100)]) [(1, 100)] >>> unionranges([(1, 48), (50, 100)]) [(1, 48), (50, 100)] >>> unionranges([(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6)]) [(1, 6)] """ rangeslist = sorted(set(rangeslist)) unioned = [] if rangeslist: unioned, rangeslist = [rangeslist[0]], rangeslist[1:] for a, b in rangeslist: c, d = unioned[-1] if a > d + 1: unioned.append((a, b)) else: unioned[-1] = (c, max(b, d)) return unioned
def is_link(test_string): """check if the string is a web link Args: test_string (str): input string Returns: bool: if string is an http link """ return test_string.startswith('http')
def increment_list_by_index(list_to_increment, index_to_increment, increment_value): """ very simple but general method to increment the odes by a specified value :param list_to_increment: list the list to be incremented, expected to be the list of ODEs :param index_to_increment: int the index of the list that needs to be incremented :param increment_value: float the value to increment the list by :return: list the list after incrementing """ list_to_increment[index_to_increment] += increment_value return list_to_increment
def make_divisible( value: int or float, divisor: int = 8, round_bias: float = 0.9): """ __version__ = 1.0 __date__ = Mar 7, 2022 """ round_value = max(divisor, int(value + divisor / 2) // divisor * divisor) assert 0 < round_bias < 1 if round_value < round_bias * value: round_value += divisor return round_value
def tp_rate(TP, pos): """ Gets true positive rate. :param TP: Number of true positives :type TP: `int` :param pos: Number of positive labels :type pos: `int` :return: true positive rate :rtype: `float` """ if pos == 0: return 0 else: return TP / pos
def xor_text(text, xor_key, **kwargs): """ # uses xor to encrypt/decrypt some text given a xor_key >>> text = "Hello, World!" >>> xor_key = "secret" >>> encrypted = xor_text(text, xor_key) >>> encrypted ';\x00\x0f\x1e\nXS2\x0c\x00\t\x10R' >>> decrypted = xor_text(encrypted, xor_key) >>> print decrypted Hello, World! # warning, this is simple to break: >>> codebreak = xor_text(" ", xor_key) >>> print codebreak SECRET # copied from https://stackoverflow.com/a/2612877/1561176 :param text: the text to xor :param xor_key: the xor key to use :param kwargs: :return: """ # we must multiply the key so that it will extend over the whole text xor_key_multiplier = int(len(text) / len(xor_key)) + 1 return ''.join(chr(ord(s) ^ ord(c)) for s, c in zip(text, xor_key * xor_key_multiplier))
def _is_close(d1, d2, atolerance=0, rtolerance=0): """Determines whether two adjacency matrices are within a provided tolerance. Parameters ---------- d1 : dict Adjacency dictionary d2 : dict Adjacency dictionary atolerance : float Some scalar tolerance value to determine closeness rtolerance : float A scalar tolerance value that will be some proportion of ``d2``'s value Returns ------- closeness : bool If all of the nodes within ``d1`` and ``d2`` are within a predefined tolerance, they are considered "close" and this method will return True. Otherwise, this method will return False. """ # Pre-condition: d1 and d2 have the same keys at each level if they # are dictionaries. if not isinstance(d1, dict) and not isinstance(d2, dict): return abs(d1 - d2) <= atolerance + rtolerance * abs(d2) return all(all(_is_close(d1[u][v], d2[u][v]) for v in d1[u]) for u in d1)
def avg(tup): """ Returns average of all of the elements in the tuple. Remember that the average of a tuple is the sum of all of the elements in the tuple divided by the number of elements in the tuple. Examples: avg((1.0, 2.0, 3.0)) returns 2.0 avg((1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0)) returns 2.5 Parameter tup: the tuple to check Precondition: tup is a tuple of numbers (int or float) """ assert type(tup) == tuple result = 0.0 for index in tup: if len(tup) == 0: return result elif len(tup) == 1: result = float(tup[0]) elif len(tup) > 1: result = sum(tup[:]) / float(len(tup)) else: result = 'nil' return result # pass
def get_result(response): """ Get the desired result from an API response. :param response: Requests API response object """ try: payload = response.json() except AttributeError: payload = response if 'results' in payload: return payload['results'] # Or just return the payload... (next-gen) return payload
def seq_join(seq, val): """ Flatten input sequence of lists into a single list. Insert separator value if not None. @param[in] seq sequence of lists @param[in] val separator value, will be put between sub-sequences in the resulting list if not None. @returns resulting flattened list """ res = [] for item in seq[:-1]: res.extend(item) if val is not None: res.append(val) res.extend(seq[-1]) return res
def mask_alternatives(alternatives): """ :param alternatives: Extra security alternatives collected from user :type alternatives: dict :return: Masked extra security alternatives :rtype: dict """ if alternatives: # Phone numbers masked_phone_numbers = [] for phone_number in alternatives.get('phone_numbers', []): masked_number = '{}{}'.format('X' * (len(phone_number) - 2), phone_number[len(phone_number) - 2 :]) masked_phone_numbers.append(masked_number) alternatives['phone_numbers'] = masked_phone_numbers return alternatives
def funky_sum(a, b, mix): """ Returns a mixture between a and b. If mix is 0, returns a. If mix is 1, returns b. Otherwise returns a linear interpolation between them. If mix is outside the range of 0 and 1, it is capped at those numbers. """ if mix < 0: return a elif mix > 1: return b else: return (1 - mix) * a + mix * b
def _get_next_key(key, length): """Returns reverse(reverse(key, len) + 1, len), where reverse(key, len) is the bit-wise reversal of the length least significant bits of key""" step = 1 << (length - 1) while key & step: step >>= 1 return (key & (step - 1)) + step
def contains_timezone(format_string: str) -> bool: """ Give an strftime style format string, check if it contains a %Z or %z timezone format directive. :param format_string: The format string to check. :return: True if it does contain a timezone directive. False otherwise. """ is_format_char = False # if the current character is after a "%" for character in format_string: if is_format_char: if character == "z" or character == "Z": return True else: is_format_char = False else: if character == "%": is_format_char = True return False
def any2utf8(text, errors='strict', encoding='utf8'): """Convert a unicode or bytes string in the given encoding into a utf8 bytestring. Parameters ---------- text : str Input text. errors : str, optional Error handling behaviour if `text` is a bytestring. encoding : str, optional Encoding of `text` if it is a bytestring. Returns ------- str Bytestring in utf8. """ if isinstance(text, str): return text.encode('utf8') # do bytestring -> unicode -> utf8 full circle, to ensure valid utf8 return str(text, encoding, errors=errors).encode('utf8')
def map_into_range(low, high, raw_value): """ Map an input function into an output value, clamping such that the magnitude of the output is at most 1.0 :param low: The value in the input range corresponding to zero. :param high: The value in the input range corresponding to 1.0 or -1.0, depending on whether this is higher or lower than the low value respectively. :param raw_value: An input value :return: Mapped output value """ value = float(raw_value) if low < high: if value < low: return 0 elif value > high: return 1.0 elif low > high: if value > low: return 0 elif value < high: return -1.0 return (value - low) / abs(high - low)
def twos_complement(val, bits): """Retuns the 2-complemented value of val assuming bits word width""" if (val & (1 << (bits - 1))) != 0: # if sign bit is set val = val - (2 ** bits) # compute negative value return val
def _need_loop(v): """ if a variable should loop to concat string :param v: any variable :return: Boolean """ return isinstance(v, list) or isinstance(v, dict) or isinstance(v, tuple)
def adder(x, y): """Adds two numbers together. >>> adder(1, 1) 2 >>> adder(-1, 1) 0 """ return x + y + 1
def embed_root(html_string: str) -> str: """ Embed the root of the workspace in the html string. """ root_string = "`http://${window.HOST}:${window.PORT}`" replace_string = "''" html_string = html_string.replace(root_string, replace_string) wssr_string = "`ws://${window.HOST}:${window.PORT}`" replace_string = "`ws://${window.location.host}`" html_string = html_string.replace(wssr_string, replace_string) return html_string
def reverse(text: str) -> str: """Return the reverse of a given string.""" return text[::-1]
def strip_api(server_url): """ Strips "api/" from the end of ``server_url``, if present >>> strip_api('https://play.dhis2.org/demo/api/') 'https://play.dhis2.org/demo/' """ if server_url.rstrip('/').endswith('api'): i = len(server_url.rstrip('/')) - 3 return server_url[:i] return server_url
def parse_connection(connection_string): """Parse a connection string. The connection string must be of the form proto:address:port,proto:address:port,... The parsing logic here must be identical to the one at https://github.com/openvswitch/ovs/blob/master/python/ovs/db/idl.py#L162 for remote connections. :param connection_string: The ovsdb-server connection string :type connection_string: string """ return [c.strip() for c in connection_string.split(',')]
def add(a, b): """ Adds stuff """ return a + b;
def clean(query: str) -> str: """ cleans strings from new lines and wrapping whitespaces""" return query.replace('"', '""').replace("\r\n", " ").replace("\n", " ").strip()
def getColourStats(colourData): """getColourStats. Args: colourData: """ import numpy as n x = n.array(colourData)[:,0] y = n.array(colourData)[:,1] meanColour = y.mean() # We can rewrite the line equation as y = Ap, where A = [[x 1]] # and p = [[m], [c]]. Now use lstsq to solve for p A = n.vstack([x, n.ones(len(x))]).T # In this case the gradient is the colour evolution gradient, intercept = n.linalg.lstsq(A, y)[0] return meanColour, gradient
def filter_records_by_victory(records: list) -> list: """Filter out records for a specific character""" specific_records = [] for record in records: if record["event"]["victory"]: specific_records.append(record) return specific_records
def collect_specific_bytes(bytes_object, start_position, width, relative_to=0): """ Collects specific bytes within a bytes object. :param bytes_object: an opened bytes object :param start_position: the position to start to read at :param width: how far to read from the start position :param relative_to: position relative to 0 -> start of file/object, 1 -> current position of seek head, 2 -> end of file/object :return: the bytes starting at position """ # navigate to byte position content = bytes_object[start_position: start_position + width] return {"content": content, "new_position": start_position + width}
def sub_template(template,template_tag,substitution): """ make a substitution for a template_tag in a template """ template = template.replace(template_tag,substitution) return template
def _is_unique_msg(dialect, msg): """ easier unit testing this way """ if dialect == 'postgresql': if 'duplicate key value violates unique constraint' in msg: return True elif dialect == 'mssql': if 'Cannot insert duplicate key' in msg: return True elif dialect == 'sqlite': if 'is not unique' in msg or 'are not unique' in msg: return True else: raise ValueError('is_unique_exc() does not yet support dialect: %s' % dialect) return False
def _guess_variables(polynomial, *args): """ Return the polynomial variables INPUT: - ``polynomial`` -- a polynomial. - ``*args`` -- the variables. If none are specified, all variables in ``polynomial`` are returned. If a list or tuple is passed, the content is returned. If multiple arguments are passed, they are returned. OUTPUT: A tuple of variables in the parent ring of the polynoimal. EXAMPLES:: sage: from sage.rings.invariant_theory import _guess_variables sage: R.<x,y> = QQ[] sage: _guess_variables(x^2+y^2) (x, y) sage: _guess_variables(x^2+y^2, x) (x,) sage: _guess_variables(x^2+y^2, x,y) (x, y) sage: _guess_variables(x^2+y^2, [x,y]) (x, y) """ if len(args)==0 or (len(args)==1 and args[0] is None): return polynomial.variables() elif len(args) == 1 and isinstance(args[0], (tuple, list)): return tuple(args[0]) else: return tuple(args)
def flatten(iterables, start_with=None): """Takes a list of lists ``iterables`` and returns a list containing elements of every list. If ``start_with`` is not ``None``, the result will start with ``start_with`` items, exactly as if ``start_with`` would be the first item of lists. """ result = [] if start_with: result.extend(start_with) for iterable in iterables: result.extend(iterable) return result
def choosecat(str, classnames): """ Gets a string and tries to match its category with an int. """ for i, id in enumerate(classnames): if id in str: return i return None
def irpf(base, porcentaje=12.5,prorrateado=False): """ irpf (sueldo,porcentaje, prorrateado=boolean) """ if prorrateado: cantidad_prorateada = base/6 if type(base)==float and type(porcentaje)==float: return (base/100) * porcentaje else: return None
def float_dist(id1, id2): """ Compute distance between two identities for NumPyDB. Assumption: id1 and id2 are real numbers (but always sent as strings). This function is typically used when time values are used as identifiers. """ return abs(float(id1) - float(id2))
def triangle_shape(height): """Print a pyramid made of "x" Args: height (int): The height of the pyramid Returns: str: a string representing the pyramid, made with the character "x" """ pyramid = "" if height == 0: return pyramid for i in range(height): pyramid += ( (height - i - 1) * " " + (2 * i + 1) * "x" + (height - i - 1) * " " + "\n" ) return pyramid[:-1]
def isShiftCharacter(character): """Returns True if the key character is uppercase or shifted.""" return character.isupper() or character in '~!@#$%^&*()_+{}|:"<>?'
def dict_to_tuple(dictionary): """ >>> dict_to_tuple({'id':[1,2,3,4],'testing':1,'bla':'three'}) [('testing', 1), ('bla', 'three'), ('id', 1), ('id', 2), ('id', 3), ('id', 4)] >>> """ return_list = [] for key, value in dictionary.items(): if isinstance(value, list): for entry in value: return_list.append((key, entry)) else: return_list.append((key, value)) return return_list
def find_outbound_connections(l, node_index, node_value): """Returns a list indicating the destination nodes of outbound edges Helper function for constructing a graph showing which integers in list l are divisors of integers in l with a larger index. Args: l: The list of integers that contain potential nodes in graph node_index: The index of the current node in l node_value: The value of the current node in l Returns: list of integers representing the destination node indices for edges outbound from the node represented by node_index and node_value. """ outbound_connections = [] for destination_index, destination_value in enumerate(l): if destination_index > node_index: # avoids processing items out of order # outbound connections must be to later elements in list if destination_value % node_value == 0: outbound_connections.append(str(destination_index)) return outbound_connections
def updateComboGroupLazy(player, comboGroup): """Computes the final combo group based on combo state start and end, using the lazy startegy. Lazy: include any combo from start state that remains in end state""" newComboGroup = [] for combo in comboGroup: orientation = combo.orientation() if orientation == 'h': comboTest = player.grid.comboHorizontalAround(*combo[0]) elif orientation == 'v': comboTest = player.grid.comboVerticalAround(*combo[0]) else: raise NotImplemented if combo == comboTest: newComboGroup.append(combo) return newComboGroup
def _create_creds_dict(creds_str): """ Takes the credentials str and converts it to a dict Parameters ---------- creds_str : str credentials string with the below format where the user has inserted their values: 'host=my_hostname dbname=my_dbname user=my_user password=my_password port=1234' Returns ------- dict credentials in dict form """ creds_dict = {} for param in creds_str.split(' '): split_param = param.split('=') creds_dict[split_param[0]] = split_param[1] return creds_dict
def create_word_weight_dictionary(post): """ This function creates a word weight dictionary whose keys are word names and the values are word weights. :param post: A dict, the Post dictionary from an HTTP Request :return: A dict, containing word names and associated word weights """ word_dict = dict() for key, value in post.items(): if key.startswith('word_'): word_dict[key[5:]] = value return word_dict
def converttabs(text, spaces=4): """ Convert all the tabs to a specific amount of spaces :type text: string :param text: The text to convert tabs to spaces on :type spaces: integer :param spaces: The amount of spaces to replace tabs to. """ return text.replace('\t', ' ' * spaces)
def exponential_decay(step, rate, decay_steps, start_step=0): """A standard exponential decay, scaling the learning rate by :obj:`rate` every :obj:`decay_steps` steps. """ return rate ** (max(step - start_step + decay_steps, 0) // decay_steps)
def stats(d_raw_materials, f_total_money_collected): """ Show machine statistics Params: d_raw_materials: dict f_money_collected: float Returns: str """ cm_stats = 'sugar {0} tablespoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['sugar']) cm_stats += 'butter {0} teaspoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['butter']) cm_stats += 'dark chocolate {0} tablespoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['dark chocolate']) cm_stats += 'mint chocolate {0} tablespoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['mint chocolate']) cm_stats += 'milk chocolate {0} tablespoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['milk chocolate']) cm_stats += 'light corn syrup {0} teaspoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['light corn syrup']) cm_stats += 'sweetened condensed milk {0} teaspoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials[ 'sweetened condensed milk']) cm_stats += 'vanilla extract {0} teaspoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['vanilla extract']) cm_stats += 'Reese\'s Pieces {0} tablespoons remaining\n'.format(d_raw_materials['Reese\'s Pieces']) cm_stats += 'Total Money Collected: ${0:.2f}\n'.format(f_total_money_collected) return cm_stats
def gassmann_sat2dry(Ksat, Kmin, Kfl, phi): """ Gassman substitution from Saturated moduli to dry rock moduli """ a = Ksat*(phi*Kmin/Kfl + 1.0 - phi) - Kmin b = phi*Kmin/Kfl + Ksat/Kmin - 1.0 - phi Kdry = a/b return Kdry
def contains_dir(hdfs_dirs, sub_folder): """ Support for Lambda Function to check if a HDFS subfolder is contained by the HDFS directory """ if sub_folder in hdfs_dirs: return True else: # Debug # print('{}, {}'.format(sub_folder, hdfs_dirs)) pass return False
def AUC_calc(item, TPR): """ Calculate Area under the ROC/PR curve for each class (AUC/AUPR). :param item: True negative rate (TNR) or Positive predictive value (PPV) :type item: float :param TPR: sensitivity, recall, hit rate, or true positive rate :type TPR: float :return: AUC/AUPR as float """ try: return (item + TPR) / 2 except TypeError: return "None"
def is_job_active(jobststus): """ Check if jobstatus is one of the active :param jobststus: str :return: True or False """ end_status_list = ['finished', 'failed', 'cancelled', 'closed'] if jobststus in end_status_list: return False return True
def insertionSort(data): """ Implementation of the insertion sort algorithm in ascending order """ for unsortedIndex in range(len(data)): unsortedData = data[unsortedIndex] sortedIndex = unsortedIndex while sortedIndex > 0 and unsortedData < data[sortedIndex-1]: data[sortedIndex] = data[sortedIndex-1] sortedIndex -= 1 data[sortedIndex] = unsortedData return data
def _fix2comp(num): """ Convert from two's complement to negative. """ assert 0 <= num < 2**32 if num & 2**31: return num - 2**32 else: return num
def construct_headers(token): """Construct headers for the REST API call.""" headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + token} return headers
def collatz(x): """ Generates the next term of the Collatz sequence, given the previous term x """ if x % 2 == 0: return(x//2) else: return(3*x + 1)
def get_intervals(l): """For list of lists, gets the cumulative products of the lengths""" intervals = len(l) * [0] # Initalize with 1 intervals[0] = 1 for k in range(1, len(l)): intervals[k] = (len(l[k]) + 1) * intervals[k-1] return intervals
def get_name_and_version(filename): """Guess name and version of a package given its ``filename``.""" idx = filename.rfind('.tar.gz') if idx == -1: idx = filename.rfind('.zip') if idx == -1: idx = filename.rfind('.tar.bz2') if idx == -1: idx = filename.rfind('.') name, version = filename[:idx].rsplit('-', 1) return {'name': name, 'version': version}
def pad(size, value): """Adds up to size bytes to value to make value mod size == 0""" return (value + size - 1)/size*size
def generate_kmers(kmerlen): """make a full list of k-mers Arguments: kmerlen -- integer, length of k-mer Return: a list of the full set of k-mers """ nts = ['A', 'C', 'G', 'T'] kmers = [] kmers.append('') l = 0 while l < kmerlen: imers = [] for imer in kmers: for nt in nts: imers.append(imer+nt) kmers = imers l += 1 return kmers
def chunk_string(string, length): """ This function splits a string of text to equal chunks of text/ string with equal length. Args: string: accepts a string of any length as a parameter. length: accepts a integer as a parameter. Returns: The function returns a python list with each value of the list having equal length """ return [string[0+i:length+i] for i in range(0, len(string), length)]
def _shape_equal(shape1, shape2): """ Check if shape of stream are compatible. More or less shape1==shape2 but deal with: * shape can be list or tupple * shape can have one dim with -1 """ shape1 = list(shape1) shape2 = list(shape2) if len(shape1) != len(shape2): return False for i in range(len(shape1)): if shape1[i]==-1 or shape2[i]==-1: continue if shape1[i]!=shape2[i]: return False return True
def move_coordinates(geo, idx1, idx2): """ move the atom at position idx1 to idx2, shifting all other atoms """ # Get the coordinates at idx1 that are to be moved geo = [list(x) for x in geo] moving_coords = geo[idx1] # move the coordinates to idx2 geo.remove(moving_coords) geo.insert(idx2, moving_coords) geo_move = tuple(tuple(x) for x in geo) return geo_move
def list_of_dict_to_dict(list_of_dict, key): """ Converts a list of dicts to a dict of dicts based on the key provided. Also removes the key from the nested dicts. converts [{key: v1, k2:v12, k3:v13}, {key:v2, k2: v22, k3:v23}, ... ] to {v1: {k2: v12, k3:v13}, v2:{k2:v22, k3:v23}, ...} Args: list_of_dict: eg: [{k1: v1, k2:v12, k3:v13}, {k1:v2, k2: v22, k3:v23}, ... ] Returns: dict_of_dict: eg: {v1: {k2: v12, k3:v13}, v2:{k2:v22, k3:v23}, ...} """ dict_of_dict = {} for item in list_of_dict: # item will be the nested dict value = item[key] # This will be the "key" in dict_of_dict item.pop(key) # removes key from the nested dict dict_of_dict[value] = item # adds item to the new dict return dict_of_dict
def is_digit(key_name): """Check if a key is a digit.""" return len(key_name) == 1 and key_name.isnumeric()