date stringlengths 10 10 | nb_tokens int64 60 629k | text_size int64 234 1.02M | content stringlengths 234 1.02M |
|---|---|---|---|
2019/09/24 | 700 | 2,537 | <issue_start>username_0: I would like to know what this means inside the Google Play Store:
>
> Updated usage information for some apps.
>
>
>
The following screenshot shows on [Google - My Activity](https://myactivity.google.com/myactivity) at different times.
>
> 
>
>
>
> >
> > Google Play Store
> >
> >
> > **Device connected**
> >
> > Updated usage information for some apps
> >
> >
> > **Details**
> >
> > [September 24, 2019 @6:05am]
> >
> > Google Play Store
> >
> > [LGE LG-K373 ]
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
What does this mean?<issue_comment>username_1: You probably [share usage and diagnostics information](https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6078260?hl=en&ref_topic=7188674) of that device with Google. In this particular instance, It means that Google Play Store was connected to its server and as stated "Updated usage information of some apps". The information can be when last you used the apps, how long, etc.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are asking for yourself and no one uses your phone, then [Reddy's answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217042/44325) has the idea. But if you're asking because you saw this on a partner's activity, which is legal if they give you permission to use the phone, then I've been there, and here is possibility number 2. It is when the individual reads their account to the device. Why would they do that? I'll explain.
If you are trying to communicate with people or sites and you don't want someone to know but have to make it look like you aren't hiding anything and you don't want to leave anything behind by accident. Then you can't pause your activity in Google, that may give it away. You don't want to go through your activity feed and miss something you need to remove. So you remove your account after backing it up, and I add an account you do the activity with. Different email, social accounts, contacts. Everything. Then when you're done, you sync the second account and remove it. Add the first account back and restore the backup to the original form. Or a hybrid of said process. Now I think every time you add an account to your phone, said account would get a "device connected update app usage" log in Google activity feed.
Or if you use a browser like DuckDuckGo, you could anonymously log in to Play Store and use the app in the browser. Then when you uninstall an app with the Play Store or app section of settings, your device message would show.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/09/25 | 557 | 2,263 | <issue_start>username_0: The stock camera app on my rooted Sampung S10e is working fine, but since a few days there is a second shutter:
I can move it, but it is useless and troublesome wherever I put it.
How to remove it? I only need the default shutter button.<issue_comment>username_1: You probably [share usage and diagnostics information](https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6078260?hl=en&ref_topic=7188674) of that device with Google. In this particular instance, It means that Google Play Store was connected to its server and as stated "Updated usage information of some apps". The information can be when last you used the apps, how long, etc.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are asking for yourself and no one uses your phone, then [Reddy's answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217042/44325) has the idea. But if you're asking because you saw this on a partner's activity, which is legal if they give you permission to use the phone, then I've been there, and here is possibility number 2. It is when the individual reads their account to the device. Why would they do that? I'll explain.
If you are trying to communicate with people or sites and you don't want someone to know but have to make it look like you aren't hiding anything and you don't want to leave anything behind by accident. Then you can't pause your activity in Google, that may give it away. You don't want to go through your activity feed and miss something you need to remove. So you remove your account after backing it up, and I add an account you do the activity with. Different email, social accounts, contacts. Everything. Then when you're done, you sync the second account and remove it. Add the first account back and restore the backup to the original form. Or a hybrid of said process. Now I think every time you add an account to your phone, said account would get a "device connected update app usage" log in Google activity feed.
Or if you use a browser like DuckDuckGo, you could anonymously log in to Play Store and use the app in the browser. Then when you uninstall an app with the Play Store or app section of settings, your device message would show.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/09/26 | 656 | 2,686 | <issue_start>username_0: Gentlemen,
Two problems I'm facing in WhatsApp in Samsung S10 (fully updated)
1- Whenever I open WhatsApp settings, a message appears "backing up your messages" once it is completed and I try to go back to chats and starts again and again for 3 to 4 times then I can come back. (Backup settings: Never and not able to link it to any google account)
2- In any chat, the text box at the bottom is hidden and I cannot type anything, the only way around is to reply to someone then hold the phone horizontally and then I can type and send.
This is really disappointing especially that I just switched from iOS to barnd new Samsung S10 to find these issues!
(Note: I used a WazzapMigrator to get all my WhatsApp data from my iPhone).<issue_comment>username_1: You probably [share usage and diagnostics information](https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6078260?hl=en&ref_topic=7188674) of that device with Google. In this particular instance, It means that Google Play Store was connected to its server and as stated "Updated usage information of some apps". The information can be when last you used the apps, how long, etc.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are asking for yourself and no one uses your phone, then [Reddy's answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217042/44325) has the idea. But if you're asking because you saw this on a partner's activity, which is legal if they give you permission to use the phone, then I've been there, and here is possibility number 2. It is when the individual reads their account to the device. Why would they do that? I'll explain.
If you are trying to communicate with people or sites and you don't want someone to know but have to make it look like you aren't hiding anything and you don't want to leave anything behind by accident. Then you can't pause your activity in Google, that may give it away. You don't want to go through your activity feed and miss something you need to remove. So you remove your account after backing it up, and I add an account you do the activity with. Different email, social accounts, contacts. Everything. Then when you're done, you sync the second account and remove it. Add the first account back and restore the backup to the original form. Or a hybrid of said process. Now I think every time you add an account to your phone, said account would get a "device connected update app usage" log in Google activity feed.
Or if you use a browser like DuckDuckGo, you could anonymously log in to Play Store and use the app in the browser. Then when you uninstall an app with the Play Store or app section of settings, your device message would show.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/09/28 | 595 | 2,503 | <issue_start>username_0: Can you **replace** the bootloader of Android to create a **UEFI-like** environment where you can **Multi-boot** into another Operating System? I've seen several off-brand phones do this but I'm unsure how they do it. There is a phone on the market
(I think on Amazon) where users report that their phones don't directly boot into android but give them a choice of booting into "Android Core" and "Android OS". **If** you can actually do this, is there a way of flashing this ROM onto a phone, or are there other steps needed to accomplish this task?<issue_comment>username_1: You probably [share usage and diagnostics information](https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6078260?hl=en&ref_topic=7188674) of that device with Google. In this particular instance, It means that Google Play Store was connected to its server and as stated "Updated usage information of some apps". The information can be when last you used the apps, how long, etc.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are asking for yourself and no one uses your phone, then [Reddy's answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217042/44325) has the idea. But if you're asking because you saw this on a partner's activity, which is legal if they give you permission to use the phone, then I've been there, and here is possibility number 2. It is when the individual reads their account to the device. Why would they do that? I'll explain.
If you are trying to communicate with people or sites and you don't want someone to know but have to make it look like you aren't hiding anything and you don't want to leave anything behind by accident. Then you can't pause your activity in Google, that may give it away. You don't want to go through your activity feed and miss something you need to remove. So you remove your account after backing it up, and I add an account you do the activity with. Different email, social accounts, contacts. Everything. Then when you're done, you sync the second account and remove it. Add the first account back and restore the backup to the original form. Or a hybrid of said process. Now I think every time you add an account to your phone, said account would get a "device connected update app usage" log in Google activity feed.
Or if you use a browser like DuckDuckGo, you could anonymously log in to Play Store and use the app in the browser. Then when you uninstall an app with the Play Store or app section of settings, your device message would show.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/09/30 | 508 | 1,900 | <issue_start>username_0: Just yesterday I thought of having a new ROM installed on my phone and it is not the first time I'm doing it. Though I made a mistake of not taking a backup of the system before flashing the custom ROM.
These are the steps that I followed:
1. Moving to bootloader and rebooting to TWRP recovery
2. Wiping the cache, system, data and dalvik cache
3. Moving to `install` option and installing the CustomROM1.zip from the Internal Storage
4. But the screen is stuck at boot animation
5. Using my laptop I tried to do the following:
5.1. `fastboot erase system` and `fastboot erase recovery`
5.2. Flashed TWRP recovery again using `fastboot flash recover twrp.img`
6. Moved the CustomROM2.zip file in the Internal Storage and tried to flash it using `install` option but resulted in boot animation loop
I even tried to ADB sideload and flash the zip but resulted in the same error.
Currently I'm on **Moto G Play (Harpia)** and the ROMs that I used are
CustomROM1 = Resurrection Remix v. 5.8.3
CustomROM2 = Eelo v. 0.7
Any sort of help to get out of this would be totally appreciable. And thank in advance.<issue_comment>username_1: Have you confirmed the integrity of the file you're flashing? I have had some that wouldn't flash and after trying every variable, I re-downloaded the file and it flashed no problem. Also consider: after successfully flashing the ROM, boot back into recovery or to the bootloader before booting the system.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: After much try and waiting I couldn't get any satisfactory result out of it. So ultimately I had to flash the stock firmware. The name of the firmware could be deduced from the command `fastboot getvar all`
<https://androidforums.com/threads/bootloader-unlock-back-to-stock-for-motorola-e4-plus-owens.1264881/>
This is the link anyone who's facing the same issues can refer to.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/09/30 | 696 | 2,837 | <issue_start>username_0: Earliert this month, I forgot my Huawei tablet (MediaPad T3) at an airport on a different continent. While I did submit a lost property notice, I didn’t think of checking my Google account’s mail address. Initially, I heard nothing, so I presumed it was gone and bought a new one (same model, same size memory card), logged on with my Google account—and then received the mail to that account that my device has been found.
The airport’s lost and found office told me that shipping it my way would cost around €100, while sending it domestically would cost €50. Picking it up at the office would cost €20. I have friends who live in that country, so needless to say I won’t let the tablet get shipped across the globe.
However, I am wondering if there is any way to clone the tablet’s data from the old (lost) one to the new one I bought the other day. I’m mainly interested in apps and app data (i.e. transfer savegame status and login status); the only files on there were videos that I have backups of.
I heard of Huawei’s PhoneClone app which seems to be the easiest/quickest/dirtiest option, but naturally the descriptions assume that both devices are in the same room. I was unable to confirm whether data transfer works across the internet. Of course, if there are other (better?) options, I might be interested in those, too.
So in short:
* Can I use Huawei’s PhoneClone app to clone my tablet’s contents via internet connection only?
* Are there other, potentially better options to clone the app data on my tablet without the two being physically close to each other?
As I mentioned, they are logged into the same Google account. Furthermore, I could send images of any QR codes or the likes to whichever friend I ask to pick it up for me so that should not pose any inherent problem either.<issue_comment>username_1: A possible solution is to backup the old phone with [Helium - App Sync and Backup](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.koushikdutta.backup). Then upload, the data files created by it to Google Drive (or any other cloud storage). Download the data files from the cloud storage to your new phone. Finally restore them using the same app.
Obviously, your friend will do the backup and upload the files. While you will download and restore them.
***Note:*** I don't own a Huawei phone, so I could not advise whether the app you mentioned will work or not.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: I did some testing of the PhoneClone app on just my new tablet. It turns out that when you select ‘this is the new device’ a hotspot is generated with a QR code for direct connection or the manual account information to connect. Thus, data transfer will happen locally via the new device’s hotspot and PhoneClone is not suitable to transfer data from far away.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/05 | 1,319 | 5,657 | <issue_start>username_0: I would like to know if there is any workaround to protect or hide my TP-LINK Wi-Fi router password from being displayed on phones using Xiaomi (Redmi) phones.
If we go to Wi-Fi in a Redmi phone and tap on previously connected Wi-Fi, then the phone allows us to share the Wi-Fi network by scanning QR code by some other phone or the same phone.
And if I scan this QR code with any other phone, then we can easily see the password. So how can I protect my Wi-Fi password?<issue_comment>username_1: The answer to this question is more general than the specific hardware you referenced in your question, and not Android specific in any way, but since this question seems to arise from time to time I will answer it as best I can so that people can see this isn't "magic" in any way.
The reason this is showing your password is that the QR code for WiFi information stores and transmits the WiFi password in plain text, so that anyone who scans the QR code will have your WiFi password. The QR code isn't something special here: although you can't "read" it per se, any device that knows the standard code used for the QR symbol can read it just like words on a piece of paper. This is just how QR codes for WiFi are done and it doesn't matter if it is a TP-Link, Asus, Linksys, or any other device creating them: the password is in plain text. It also does not matter what device is reading the QR code: whether it's Redmi, Samsung, Apple, Google, Huawei, or whatever, it can read the QR code and display the network name and password in plain text, although some apps might "mask" the password for basic privacy (but they do have the information).
The proper way to handle this security in a home environment is not to give your WiFi password out to your friends, only to your family (or set it up yourself for them, although they may still be able to retrieve the password). And for your friends' or guests' use, have a separate SSID with a simple password that is setup to only access the Internet (commonly called Client Isolation), possibly at a throttled rate. I don't know about TP-Link, but many companies like Asus have an app for your cell phone that can very quickly allow you to enable a guest WiFi network for a certain period of time (say 4, 24, 72 hours) then automatically disables it. This example is useful for friends who are over for dinner, the entire day, or weekend perhaps. Some people, myself included, just enable a guest network with a password all the time, but this network has client isolation (users can only access the Internet) and it is throttled to about 1-2% of my ISP speeds (they have 5Mbps down and 500Kbps upload to use) and I change the password 3-4 times a year and put it on the fridge. None of these are perfect answers to security, but they are usually good enough.
Otherwise, if you are giving people access to your network, you might as well just give them the WiFi password... Once they are connected to WiFi it is largely the same as if they plugged into your network with a cable and can access everything, so having physical access to the network and having the WiFi password are essentially the same thing. Besides, it is fairly easy to change the WiFi password later if needed to restrict access. It also isn't a bad idea to change your WiFi password on a regular basis, once every 30-90 days or so, so that if the password is out there, it cannot be accessed later if things change, like your friend for whatever reason is not your friend any longer.
Upvotes: 5 <issue_comment>username_2: You can have a dedicated guest SSID (if your router supports it). This can separate guests from you to some degree, depending on router capabilities.
If you don't want give the guests permanent access, you can change the password time-to-time.
If you want to go further, you can look at WPA2/WPA3 Enterprise. This allows better access control. However, you probably don't want to do this on your home Wi-Fi, because it is too complex to set up and you might need a better (and more expensive) Wi-Fi router for that.
For explanation why QR code does not hide the password see @username_1's post.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: The short answer to this question is you can not stop anybody that has the WiFi password from sharing it. Which is exactly what the phone is doing when it generates the QR code.
If you want to prevent users of your network from sharing access with others then you have to use something other than the default password WPA to secure the network. There are a number of possible solutions
* Use MAC address white lists, this means that only known hardware will be allowed to connect even if they have the password (MAC addresses are easily spoofed with laptops, not sure if it's possible without jailbreaking a phone)
* Used WPA-TLS, this uses individual certificates for each user, once installed on the phone there is no way to export the private key so no way to share with others (it is possible to extract keys on some jail broken phones that do not have hardware secure elements)
* Use a captive portal and require a second password that changes regularly (this could be from a 2fa token only given to authorised users)
This list is not complete but should give you some options to look at.
Upvotes: 4 <issue_comment>username_4: I have a second router, just a small cheap one, connected by cable to the main router. They have different wifi networks and different passwords.
I give my friends the password of the second router only.
I can change it anytime easily. Or disconnect it.
I find its an easy and effective solution.
Upvotes: 2 |
2019/10/05 | 505 | 1,741 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a Sandisk Extreme Portable SSD 500 GB. It works fine with Windows 10 but it cannot be detected by any of my Android devices. I tested with an Nokia 3.1, Sony Xperia Z3 Tablet Compact and a Sony Xperia 10 Plus, both with and without a Transcend OTG adapter. As well, I reformated it with exFAT and NTFS. What could be wrong?
The tablet runs Android 6 while the two phones run Android 9.
Other USB memory sticks work fine with the OTG adapter on all devices.<issue_comment>username_1: There are one major differences between an USB stick and an USB SSD: **power consumption**
As SSDs usually don't have the possibility to use a separate power supply you have to place an active USB hub (a hub with an own power supply) between the phone and the SSD.
The SSD is optimized for high performance and therefore requires much more power than a simple USB stick.
The Sandisk Extreme Portable SSD 500 GB requires about 4 Watt.
Most smartphones only support USB 2.0 and therefore the output is limited to 5V at 500 mA = 2.5 Watt. Only a very few smartphone support USB 3.0 or USB power delivery in OTG mode which would make it possible to use an SSD via OTG.
On a regular computer the SSD works because USB 3.0 allows 900 mA (5V at 900mA -> 4.5 Watt) and therefore it can power the SSD correctly.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: I had the same issue before. Android doesn’t recognize the NTFS file format but some phones can read exFAT. You can try the app [Total Commander](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ghisler.android.TotalCommander) and [exFAT/NTFS for USB by Paragon Software](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.paragon.tcplugins_ntfs_ro).
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/10 | 1,706 | 6,413 | <issue_start>username_0: Non rooted Moto G6 Play running Android 9.
I'm using Termux and would like to use Sox's `rec` command to record audio from the terminal. Unfortunately, since Termux doesn't request the mic permission, it just records silence. I can't grant Termux the permission in Settings because...well, it doesn't request it. It's not in the app manifest, therefore Android (understandably) assumes it wouldn't know what to do with the permission if it had it and doesn't list "record audio" as an option.
Is there a way I can force Android to grant an app a permission it never asked for?<issue_comment>username_1: There are two ways:
1. Termux is an [open-source app on Github](https://github.com/termux/termux-app). Therefore you just need the Android development tools and git for cloning and building a custom version (may be with a different package name so you can have both your version and the official installed).
2. As your device is rooted you can try to add the permission to the list of registered permissions of an installed Termux. As far as I know the relevant data should `/data/system/packages.list` or `/data/system/packages.xml`.
After modifying those files you should reboot the device to activate the changes.
For more details see also [this answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/208982/2241).
Note: I am not sure what happens to these modifications in case an update of Termux is installed. I assume that the update will revert your changes.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: ***Not possible without root but even with root SoX recording might not work.***
---
**Android Manifest Permissions**
Android permission system has different **Protection Levels** ([1](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview#normal-dangerous), [2](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/permission-element)); ***Normal*** permissions are granted to any app without user interaction while ***Signature|Privileged*** (SignatureOrSystem) permissions ([whitelisted](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/config/perms-whitelist) in `/etc/permissions/privapp-permissions-*.xml`) are granted only to system apps. Both are granted when app is installed or on first startup (if system app) and configuration is saved in `/data/system/packages.xml` file. Some signature permissions can be granted to non-system apps after user's approval using `appops`.
***Dangerous*** permissions are those which require user's approval to be granted or denied. User's choice is saved in `/data/system/users//runtime-permissions.xml` where device owner's User\_ID is `0` (don't confuse it with UNIX DAC's UID).
Most of the manifest permissions are enforced by Android framework (`system_server`) but some are mapped to GIDs; hence enforced by kernel. Permission to GID mapping is stored in `/data/system/packages.list`.
**How to Grant an App Unrequested Permission**
You can modify above mentioned files to grant a permission which isn't requested by an app in its *Manifest*. I haven't tested with all permissions but this trick works (at least up to Pie) because Android framework doesn't verify the saved permission configuration vs. apps manifest files on every reboot (may be the changes are reverted back to actual during a scheduled maintenance task or when some app is installed or updated; I'm not sure).
In our case we want to grant `android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO` to Termux which is a dangerous permission, so this is how you should edit your `runtime-permissions.xml` followed by an immediate reboot:
```
xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='yes' ?
...
...
```
To confirm:
```
~$ pm dump com.termux | grep -A3 'runtime permissions:'
runtime permissions:
android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: granted=true
android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: granted=true
android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO: granted=true
```
---
**Why SoX won't work?**
That said, still SoX won't be able to record audio because (AFAIK) it's not using Android's Java APIs (`android.media`) or native APIs (`aaudio`/`opensles`). It uses ALSA/OSS driver directly or through `PulseAudio` which needs direct access to device interfaces in `/dev/snd/` or `/dev/{audio,dsp*}` and proc tree in `/proc/asound/`. For details see [Android Audio Architecture](https://source.android.com/devices/audio/).
However direct kernel level access isn't a norm on Android, so you need root access. Apps with `android.permission.MANAGE_VOICE_KEYPHRASES` are allowed to read `/dev/snd/*` devices. It's a privileged signature level permission which is [mapped](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r47/data/etc/platform.xml#103) to GID [`audio`](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r47/libcutils/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h#68) (`1005`). You can edit `packages.xml` to get this permission granted:
```
```
And `packages.list`:
```
com.termux ... 0 /data/user/0/com.termux default:targetSdkVersion=28... 1005,3003
```
But SELinux allows only privileged apps (having context `priv_app`) to read files in `/dev/snd` while `/proc/asound/` isn't readable by apps at all, so you need to patch `sepolicy` as well.
And even after that, configuring SoX to use ALSA/OSS/PA is up to you.
---
**Non-Root Solutions**
Instead of using ALSA directly, PulseAudio can also be configured to stream audio over TCP or UDP or UNIX sockets. That's how media playback works on Termux. See [this issue](https://github.com/termux/termux-packages/issues/821). However capturing audio only work through Android APIs. You can install `termux-api` package to use [`termux-microphone-record`](https://wiki.termux.com/wiki/Termux-microphone-record) command for audio recording. It uses [`MediaRecorder`](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/media/mediarecorder) class of Java API, or you may consider [*modifying*](https://github.com/termux/termux-packages/issues/806#issuecomment-284189870) SoX source to use Android's [native APIs](https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/stable_apis#audio).
---
**RELATED**
* [How to Play Sound from Termux when using Linux?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205629/218526)
* [How Android's permissions mapping with UIDs/GIDs works?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/208982/218526)
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer] |
2019/10/13 | 2,112 | 7,914 | <issue_start>username_0: I noticed that Android pops automatically for new updates and patches.
Are these updates signed so that the device knows it's from the official publisher and not from some server spoofer?<issue_comment>username_1: >
> Are updates digitally signed before being shipped?
>
>
>
Yes, updates are cryptographically signed by the publisher. This is to ensure the integrity of the update, both from unintentional corruption during the transmission, and willful manipulation from an attacker.
>
> Who signs the updates? Is it Google?
>
>
>
That depends on who publishes updates for your phone. If you own a Nexus or Pixel phone, then the update is likely published and signed by Google.
Other manufacturers, such as Samsung for instance, modify Android before shipping it. This may include their own system applications, their own launchers, etc.. In such cases, the manufacturer is the publisher of the update and thus responsible for signing it.
>
> But isn't Google the one who develops Android?
>
>
>
It's not Google alone, it's the [OHA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance) - Google just happens to be their most prominent member. Furthermore, Android is [Open Source](https://source.android.com/), meaning that contributions come from many different companies and individuals, not just Google.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: WHO SIGNS ANDROID PLATFORM COMPONENTS?
--------------------------------------
As explained very well in @username_1's [answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218059/218526), Google is the main contributor to AOSP development. But AOSP isn't the only software on Android devices, there are a number of hardware specific pieces of code. Above all there is kernel (based on AOSP's [common kernel](https://source.android.com/devices/architecture/kernel/android-common) source), but that must be open-source due to GPL, so OEMs/SoC vendors are bound to release source code. However other parts, particularly userspace HALs which include a large part of hardware drivers, and the bootloader firmware which is loaded prior to kernel in boot chain are completely closed-source in most cases (intellectual property of OEM/SoC vendor). So the software on Android devices we know of is at least AOSP + kernel + HALs + bootloaders (and other SoC firmware).
OEMs get a copy of AOSP release from Google free of cost (theoretically; in actual they are bound in contracts), add their proprietary code which may also unnecessarily replace AOSP code (e.g. to change visuals) and add new apps/features, build the ROM and release that with device (or as OTA update package later on). The keys - which are used to [sign system/framework apps and update package](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/sign_builds) afterwards - are built/defined during [ROM compiling process](https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/building-and-flashing-a-secured-aosp-build-with-verified-boot-and-separate-lockscreen-password-for-the-nexus-5x/) which is carried out by OEM, so OEM owns private keys. This ensures that core components of OS don't get any future updates from untrusted source. Mostly OEMs also add Google's proprietary Play Services and other apps (GMS) already signed with Google's private keys so that those get updates directly from Google.
ANDROID ONE:
------------
Android One program was slightly different in the beginning. A quote from [For the next five billion: Android One](https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2014/09/for-next-five-billion-android-one.html):
>
> *"To help ensure a consistent experience, Android One devices will receive the latest versions of Android directly from Google."*
>
>
>
But their vision of pure Android on devices with strict hardware requirements wasn't appealing to OEMs, so within a year they had to [tweak Android One strategy](https://www.techienews.co.uk/9742278) and the plan switched to:
>
> *"Android One phones receive the latest version of Android from Google’s hardware partners. Google’s partners send updates based on their schedule - trying to get them to you as soon as possible."*
>
>
>
\* Quoted from Google's [update support page](https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705), now removed.
The long story short, OTA updates - whether related to hardware or to Android framework - come from OEMs. They build it and sign it with their keys. Google signs either OTA updates only for their own devices (e.g. Pixel), or the proprietary apps (e.g. Play Store) just like any app developer.
Also for [A/B updates](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/ab#overview):
>
> *"For devices using Google's OTA infrastructure, the system changes are all in AOSP, and the client code is provided by Google Play services. OEMs not using [Google's OTA infrastructure](https://developers.google.com/android/over-the-air) will be able to reuse the AOSP system code but will need to supply their own client."*
>
>
>
AOSP's System Update APIs ([`update_engine`](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/ab#update-engine)) by-default [use](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/build/+/33611b1173cb5735794e996b08b39e82d707e5e1) Google's root CA ([`/system/etc/security/cacerts_google`](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/update_engine/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/common/platform_constants_android.cc#30)) to establish `https` connection with (Omaha?) update server. But OEMs are free to [modify](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bootable/recovery/+/master/updater_sample/README.md) the code. In each case OTA client app, system daemon and update server are managed by OEM.
VERIFIED BOOT:
--------------
On production devices `release key` is used to sign the update `.zip` file and possibly some apps as well. Its public key pair is saved on device in `/system/etc/security/otacerts.zip`, used to [verify the cryptographic signature](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/nonab/index.html#life-ota-update) of update package. But additionally there is another signing mechanism available on many devices since Android 5, that is **Verified Boot** ([`dm-verity`](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot/dm-verity)). OEMs use RSA key pair as a part of (A)VB mechanism. Private key is used to cryptographically sign the hash tree of whole `/system` partition, while public key (`/verity_key`) is stored in ramdisk (inside `boot.img` on non-SAR devices) or kernel's [system keyring](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/ab/ab_implement#kernel), which verifies the integrity of `dm-verity` mapping table (metablock) appended after last filesystem block at the end of `/system` partition. `dm-verity` table (hash tree) in turn verifies whole `/system` partition by matching hashes. This is to protect `/system` from any unintended modification by malware or user e.g. by mounting R/W.
During [block-based OTA update](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/nonab/block) a binary patch is applied to whole `system` partition block device file. This patch is generated by taking a binary difference between old and updated `system.img`. Updated table must be signed by the same private key owned by original ROM developer, otherwise `dm-verity` would fail. In the same way `dm-verity` protects `/vendor` and `/odm` partitions. `boot` and `recovery` are signed by another key, either [manually provided](https://forum.xda-developers.com/android/software-hacking/signing-boot-images-android-verified-t3600606) or [built with application bootloader](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/avb/+/master/README.md#the-vbmeta-struct) or saved to some other secure location. So it's only the OEM who ensures this chain of trust during boot process, creates [all of the keys](https://cfig.github.io/2015/10/15/signing-keys-in-android/) initially and later on signs and sends OTA updates.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/10/13 | 723 | 2,643 | <issue_start>username_0: **Note:** while this is not an exact duplicate, this question is a duplicate in that it asks where the limitation is located (software/hardware ...). So I think marking this as a duplicate is warranted, even though my question was model-specific.
I have an S9+ from Samsung and I am considering to upgrade to 512 GB or even 1 TB as it would make space for Kiwix ZIM files.
However, Samsung marketing material suggests a limit of 400 GB (i.e. 400x1000x1000x1000 Byte). This sounds arbitrary (not the usual power of two and the discrepancy between GiB and GB which may be accounted for by reserved space - in case of corruption - doesn't change that). Now, perhaps there is a technical reason that I am unaware of, but from the OS side (Linux/Android) I can't understand why there would be a limitation to 400 GB. SDXC seems to be the supported standard and should support up to 2 TiB (i.e. 2x1024x1024x1024x1024 Byte).
Is this limit simply owed to what was available around the release of the S9+ or is it an artificial limitation imposed by Samsung customizations to Android, or is there perhaps no limitation?<issue_comment>username_1: I can now confirm that the S9+ supports a 1 TB μSD card just fine.
After a colleague had outfitted his phone with a 512 GB card, I decided to give it a try, because it was already above the limit Samsung claimed was supported but well below the limit one should expect for SDXC (see my question).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/vMR4y.jpg)
**Edit (February 2021):** Due to the other answer which appeared here, I wanted to update the screenshot and also wanted to state which model I use: Sandisk Extreme (not Extreme *Pro*, though).
**Also note:** I have meanwhile read in several places that phone manufacturers indeed specify the "supported card size" based on the SD cards available at time of the release of a phone model.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: I have an S9+ and wanted to upgrade my micro sd card to a larger size. I bought a 1TB and the pictures worked fine but after a month suddenly the more recent pictures started to corrupt. Literally before my eyes my pictures in my photo gallery suddenly became grey squares and could no longer be viewed. So Samsung advertises the limit of 400GB for the S9 sd card and my experience seems to prove that it can work maybe but becomes very unstable and can stop working at any moment. I am having to get a smaller sd card. :(
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/kviKo.jpg)
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/15 | 800 | 3,032 | <issue_start>username_0: My Android device (A Samsung Galaxy S7 SM-G930F, version 6.0.1) has different wi-fi networks saved. I would like to recover some of the password it has stored.
Browsing through the web I searched possible solutions but none of it has worked for me.
* Stored password in wpa\_supplicant.conf are encrypted, and even if I change the build properties "ro.securestorage.support" to false, old password remain encrypted or get deleted, and I would like to recover those.
* I know that wi-fi password usually get backed-up on google drive, but I have no idea how to recover them from the backup online.
* I heard about an Xposed module "Wifi password" which supposedly should show the wifi password instead of the normal dots, but I have a TouchWiz device and if I install the Xposed Framework i'm afraid it would wipe my data, included my wifi password.
I understand that encryption is meant to keep safe your password, but as far as I know, every time I try to connect to a wifi network it uses the real password, so they have to be stored somewhere or decrypted on the go.
Can anyone help me?
EDIT: As I said, if I change `ro.securestorage.support` property on `build.prop` file, my stored password either get deleted or they remain hashed.
If i delete `.system.wpa_supplicant`
>
> all saved WiFi hotspots will be lost for the first time.
>
>
>
Also as said in the comments, the password isn't encrypted so there's no "way" to decrypt it, but it's hashed and there should be a way to recover it<issue_comment>username_1: I can now confirm that the S9+ supports a 1 TB μSD card just fine.
After a colleague had outfitted his phone with a 512 GB card, I decided to give it a try, because it was already above the limit Samsung claimed was supported but well below the limit one should expect for SDXC (see my question).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/vMR4y.jpg)
**Edit (February 2021):** Due to the other answer which appeared here, I wanted to update the screenshot and also wanted to state which model I use: Sandisk Extreme (not Extreme *Pro*, though).
**Also note:** I have meanwhile read in several places that phone manufacturers indeed specify the "supported card size" based on the SD cards available at time of the release of a phone model.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: I have an S9+ and wanted to upgrade my micro sd card to a larger size. I bought a 1TB and the pictures worked fine but after a month suddenly the more recent pictures started to corrupt. Literally before my eyes my pictures in my photo gallery suddenly became grey squares and could no longer be viewed. So Samsung advertises the limit of 400GB for the S9 sd card and my experience seems to prove that it can work maybe but becomes very unstable and can stop working at any moment. I am having to get a smaller sd card. :(
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/kviKo.jpg)
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/15 | 1,018 | 3,183 | <issue_start>username_0: My Android phone generates a sound at 8:00 AM every day. It doesn't display anything on the screen while and after the sound being played.
I guess this sound is created by one of my 100+ apps on the phone.
Is there any log on the phone that can help me identify which app creates the sound at 8:00 AM every day?
Or is there any app that can help me find the app?
I really have no idea where the sound comes from.
My Android version is `8.0.0`.<issue_comment>username_1: Answer tested on a OnePlus 6 running Android 9.0.
---
You can setup [adb](/questions/tagged/adb "show questions tagged 'adb'") in your PC and try this command:
```
adb shell 'dumpsys audio | toybox grep -i "CallingPack" | toybox sed -e "s/$/\n/g"'
```
`audio` is dump/log that is shown to the user using dumpsys utility. The rest of the command is just to filter out relevant information.
Example output:
```
10-15 18:14:19:273 requestAudioFocus() from uid/pid 10096/6373 clientId=android.media.AudioManager@a9ae24fqijaz221.github.io.musicplayer.audio_playback.AudioPlayerService@d009ddc callingPack=**qijaz221.github.io.musicplayer** req=1 flags=0x0 sdk=28
10-15 18:19:51:868 requestAudioFocus() from uid/pid 10133/3213 clientId=android.media.AudioManager@c20d259 callingPack=**com.arlosoft.macrodroid** req=3 flags=0x0 sdk=28
10-15 18:24:47:697 requestAudioFocus() from uid/pid 10019/1914 clientId=android.media.AudioManager@8f116ae callingPack=**com.android.systemui** req=3 flags=0x0 sdk=28
```
In the output, the bold highlighted text is the package name of the apps which had caused certain sound to be played in my device at the time noted at the beginning of each line. Here's what those apps did for me:
1. *qijaz221.github.io.musicplayer* is the media player I used to play a song.
2. *com.arlosoft.macrodroid* is an automation app I used to play a brief sound in the background without showing a notification.
3. *com.android.systemui* is for a notification with a sound.
To find out which apps correspond to those package names, follow my answer [here](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/198095/96277).
**Note**: if the package name corresponding to your time turns out to be `com.android.systemui`, you may have to dig deep into the dump service `media.metrics`. I couldn't make much sense of its output but your case may vary.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: I was puzzled by my Samsung Android 12 phone which has started playing random screeching sounds with some regularity. There was no app in foreground, it continued even after phone reboot. The phone is unmodified and not rooted. I've enabled USB debugging in Developer options, connected USB cable, ran `adb shell` and then `logcat | grep requestAudio`. After some time log records started popping out pointing to touchvpn software - look for `callingPack` parameter:
```
11-24 20:24:47.700 1114 6172 I MediaFocusControl: requestAudioFocus() from uid/pid 10256/23100 AA=USAGE_MEDIA/CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC
clientId=android.media.AudioManager@7eea05corg.chromium.content.browser.AudioFocusDelegate@89e7f65
callingPack=com.northghost.touchvpn req=1 flags=0x0 sdk=30 11-24
```
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/16 | 733 | 2,765 | <issue_start>username_0: I want to block a number from calling me. I don't even want to know if the person even tried to call me. Don't want any notifications.
The person on the other end should not get a ringing sound when he tries to call me. He shouldn't even know that I've blocked him.
**If possible, I would like to block text messages from that number as well.**
The specifications of my device can be seen in [the attached image](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uITcQ.png): Redmi Note 5, Android 8.1.0, MIUI Global 10.2.3.
Is there a way to do it?<issue_comment>username_1: You can easily use Truecaller to block unnecessary calls.
Otherwise, you can use call barring or call blocking in your default phone dialer settings itself.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: In the settings of the Phone app, usually there are options to block calls and messages from specific numbers.
The call will be automatically blocked and the caller will think that you have hung up the call, but the call does not sound to you, it only appears in the logs.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_3: Almost all the newer Android phones have native dialler apps that support call blocking. Your phone supports that too - a simple Google search shows so. Refer to this site:
<https://www.hardreset.info/devices/xiaomi/xiaomi-redmi-note-5/block-number/>
* Choose Call icon from the main screen.
* Tap on the right upper corner to select the Settings option.
* Scroll the list down, pick the Blocked Numbers
* Now, Add a Number to the blacklist.
* Finally, the added number is blocked already.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: You can access Xiaomi call blocker that way:
1. Go to **Settings > System Apps > Call Settings > Blocklist**.
2. Enable Blocklist by sliding the toggle
3. To block any number you want, Click on the **Blocked numbers** > Click on **Add** & choose from the contacts or enter the contact you wanted to block manually.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/teCEf.jpg)
(source: [xiaomigeek.com](https://www.xiaomigeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Block-Calls-on-Xiaomi.jpg))
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_5: This is possible in the phone dialer settings. In phone dialer settings, enable "Caller ID and spam protection" to ON and then click the "Block numbers" option and choose "Block unknown/private numbers" to ON. There is a problem if you choose "Block unknown/private numbers" to ON because if a new person from a company calls you for a job, you will not get that call. The best option is to add the numbers manually to the blocked list. Even if you block the person, you may see the text messages in the blocked list inside the messages app. You just delete all the messages in a while.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/16 | 183 | 639 | <issue_start>username_0: I see a warning:
>
> "call\_state\_offhook list.size()==0 number is null"
>
>
>
whenever I call someone with my Samsung Galaxy S9. What is the issue and how can I stop seeing this warning?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xx4Sg.jpg)<issue_comment>username_1: after installing a call recorder, have same message
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: I found it was due to my call recorder app, uninstalling and reinstalling made no difference. I had to go into settings, then apps, click on the app and storage, followed by clear data. This resolved the issue.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/17 | 1,342 | 4,454 | <issue_start>username_0: One Gapps (pico and nano) errors with 64 when I try to install using twrp-3.3.1.4. I know I'm using the right version. I'm on a brand new One Plus 7 Pro.
```
##############################
_____ _____ ___ ____
/ _ \ | __ \ / _ \ | _ \
| / \ || |__) | |_| || | \ \
| | | || ___/| __/ | | | |
| \ / || | \ |__ | | | |
\_/ \_/ |_| \___| |_| |_|
___ _ ___ ___ ___
/ __| /_\ | _ \ _ \/ __|
| (_ |/ _ \| _/ _/\__ \
\___/_/ \_\_| |_| |___/
##############################
Open GApps nano 9.0 - 20191017
- Mounting /vendor
find: /system/system: No such file or directory
ls: /system/system: No such file or directory
- Gathering device & ROM information
***** Incompatible Device Detected *****
This Open GApps package cannot be
installed on this device's architecture.
Please download the correct version for
your device: arm
******* GApps Installation failed *******
- Copying Log to /sdcard
- NO changes were made to your device
Installer will now exit...
Error Code: 64
cp: can't stat '': No such file or directory
ls: /system/system: No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/system/system/etc/g.prop': No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/system/system/default.prop': No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/system/system/build.prop': No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/vendor/vendor/build.prop': No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/data/local.prop': No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/build.prop': No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/system/system/addon.d/70-gapps.sh': No such file or directory
cp: can't stat '/cache/recovery/log': No such file or directory
__bionic_open_tzdata: couldn't find any tzdata when looking for CST6CDT,M3.2.0,M11.1.0!
__bionic_open_tzdata: couldn't find any tzdata when looking for posixrules!
- Unmounting /vendor
Updater process ended with ERROR: 64
I:Install took 9 second(s).
Error installing zip file '/sdcard/open_gapps-arm64-9.0-nano-20191017.zip'
Updating partition details...
I:Data backup size is 0MB, free: 227550MB.
I:Unable to mount '/usbstorage'
I:Actual block device: '', current file system: 'vfat'
...done
I:Set page: 'flash_done'
I:operation_end - status=1
I:TWFunc::Set_Brightness: Setting brightness control to 5
I:TWFunc::Set_Brightness: Setting brightness control to 0
```<issue_comment>username_1: There are numerous reasons of why this could happen.
* Have you **mounted /system** partition?
* Try an **older version** of TWRP
* Try **SAR (System-as-root)** version of recovery.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: I found that if upon receiving this error, before booting into LineageOS I can
* Boot into the bootloader from TWRP,
+ Click on Reboot
+ Click on Bootloader
* Boot into a new TWRP from the bootloader
+ Run `twrp boot ./twrp.*.img`
* I can then install the gapps.
---
What cause this? Well my theory now is that the instructions on the [Lineage OS](https://wiki.lineageos.org/devices/guacamole/install) suggest Wiping the System partition
>
> * Now tap **Wipe**.
> * Now tap **Format Data** and continue with the formatting process. This will remove encryption and delete all files stored in the internal storage.
> * Return to the previous menu and tap **Advanced Wipe**, then select the **System** partition and then Swipe to **Wipe**.
>
>
>
I was doing that and it was working for the purposes of installing LineageOS, but I believe after the **Advanced Wipe** on the System Partition something wasn't working. It's as if the wipe was complete and LineageOS could be installed, but mounting the partition after the install of LineageOS required rebooting into the recovery again. If you allow LineageOS to boot up before you flash GApps all bets are off. Worse this was the only way for it to work because if I rebooted into the recovery I would get the LineageOS recovery -- LineageOS now replaces TWRP entirely. I may have been able to install GApps from the LineageOS recovery's ADB Sideload option, but rebooting into TWPR recovery by proxy of the bootloader worked too.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_3: not the TWRP is the problem. I also had to search a long time. Although the processor is arm64 Architecture only the image Lineage OS is based on Android arm. Please try 11 arm Pico7 or Micro on Lineage OS 18.1 ???
or see this???
<https://wiki.lineageos.org/gapps>
cu username_3
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/10/18 | 348 | 1,243 | <issue_start>username_0: Since a recent update (I can't say exactly which or when) each time I connect my Samsung S10 to my PC, I get a `Samsung DeX` notification...
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WTK4K.png)
I don't want DeX, but I do want to get rid of the notification every time I connect my phone.
Is it possible disable/remove the notification? The `app notifications` is not giving me the slide-switch option to disable it...
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZknDm.png)<issue_comment>username_1: Open Settings, go to Apps. Press the three dot symbol, and tap "show system apps". Then go to Dex for PC, tap storage, clear cache. Go back one screen, tap Force stop and Disable. You might have to repeat this after reboot or software upgrade, haven't tested that.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: If you would rather remove Dex from your phone instead of disabling it, and you have [ADB and USB debugging setup](https://www.xda-developers.com/install-adb-windows-macos-linux/), you can remove it with this command:
```
adb shell "pm uninstall -k --user 0 com.sec.android.app.dexonpc"
```
Upvotes: 3 |
2019/10/18 | 198 | 761 | <issue_start>username_0: I've a dual phone SIM card (Pocophone). How can I to disable both SIM's without power down everything?<issue_comment>username_1: Open Settings, go to Apps. Press the three dot symbol, and tap "show system apps". Then go to Dex for PC, tap storage, clear cache. Go back one screen, tap Force stop and Disable. You might have to repeat this after reboot or software upgrade, haven't tested that.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: If you would rather remove Dex from your phone instead of disabling it, and you have [ADB and USB debugging setup](https://www.xda-developers.com/install-adb-windows-macos-linux/), you can remove it with this command:
```
adb shell "pm uninstall -k --user 0 com.sec.android.app.dexonpc"
```
Upvotes: 3 |
2019/10/20 | 804 | 3,202 | <issue_start>username_0: I downloaded an app [Phone INFO](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.vndnguyen.phoneinfo) which shows a number of stats, particularly "Battery Discharge Cycles". I want to know if this number is being retrieved from the battery (i.e. it's just the number of cycles for the current battery) or the phone (i.e. it's the sum of the cycles across all batteries the phone has contained). In other words, if I insert a brand new battery, should I expect the count to drop to zero?
Context: I have a Samsung S6, which doesn't allow easily changing the battery. I went to a phone repair shop to have the battery replaced. I left it there for the day and did not observe the process of replacement. Now I suspect that I was scammed and the battery has not been changed. I want to confront the shop and use the cycle count (which is still very high) as evidence, so I'm checking my understanding first.<issue_comment>username_1: I cannot quote official documentation but I believe that you have *not been scammed*.
As per the discussion I had with developer of 3C Tool box pro [here](https://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=80780713&postcount=972) and the preceeding posts, it is clear that the charge cycle info is stored in the kernel and requires root to access it.
>
> After investigating on a couple of devices, I found some kernel files that can provide the charge counter. On Samsung it is root-only, whereas on Pixel it seems open-bar
>
>
> On Samsung it could probably load the existing charge counter (if rooted or access allowed) ([Post 971](https://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=80748477&postcount=971))
>
>
>
There is no reason to believe they have modified the kernel files, especially on a Samsung device where rooting trips knox and the customer would be aware of root since some Samsung specific apps wouldn't work. Not worth the cost of a battery replacement.
Upvotes: 1 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: It seems the issue is that when the battery is replaced, most mom and pop places don’t have the skill or equipment to go in the “root” to reset the counter. It’s akin to not resetting the change oil light on your car. The issue is that some cars use oil life to make other decisions on engine operation, so without resetting the light, performance isn’t fully restored because the computer thinks it’s still old oil and making its decisions based on that. Your battery life, auto shutdown, and battery life remaining display are kind of the same. I bet your phone goes to zero faster than you expect and shuts off, but after leaving it off for a while, you can cut it back on and it’ll show 20-30% or more battery. If so, the thing to do is to keep draining the battery without plugging it in, until after sitting the phone doesn’t even have the juice to try to start, then charge it up to 100, preferably on regular vs fast charge. The life monitor will adjust to the new high and low, and you should have better battery life performance. What’s happened is your phone is basing the full charge and dead capacity off your old battery still, and this process should force it to adapt to your new one.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/24 | 1,644 | 6,495 | <issue_start>username_0: [China is forcing tourists to install text-stealing malware at its border.](https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/7xgame/at-chinese-border-tourists-forced-to-install-a-text-stealing-piece-of-malware)
Also, [U.S. intelligence officials imply that Huawei, ZTE devices aren't safe for consumers (even in the West)](https://www.tomsguide.com/us/huawei-zte-smartphones-national-security,news-26632.html).
Some [suggested](https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/huawei-phones-privacy/) avoiding Chinese phones:
>
> Consider a scenario where you may use a Hauwei or KTE phone to have a
> conversation with a friend or a work colleague. It could be a
> discussion about a business deal, a programming project you’re working
> on, or important business meetings. You could inadvertently pass along
> proprietary information to a foreign government without even realizing
> it.
>
>
> What global intelligence communities are hinting to the world is that
> there is enough evidence in their posession to warrant banning these
> phones from military bases and governments. Even if you don’t believe
> them, history has turned up enough wrongdoing by these companies to
> justify very real concern.
>
>
> **Avoiding phones made by Chinese manufacturers is a good start**.
>
>
>
Assuming the accusers are correct, does the use of Android One, as is done by some Xiaomi phones, reduce the risk of OEM spying on you, or is Android One irrelevant here?
(There is a difference between trusting an American company, like Google, subject to US laws and regulations, and trusting a Chinese OEM)<issue_comment>username_1: >
> You could inadvertently pass along proprietary information to a foreign government without even realizing it.
>
>
>
This holds true when a person is using non-Chinese communication or computing devices as well. Just because western economies are also democratic countries do not mean that those democratically elected governments or their intelligence agencies do not engage in the activities the Chinese national government and the Chinese companies are alleged with. Here, try [this food for thought](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Snowden).
If you get hold of the book [Permanent Record](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_Record_(autobiography)), its author mentioned one obvious but highly uncomfortable point: the internet, the computing and communication hardwares, and the softwares upon which the world runs at large are mostly US centric (whether developed in the US or by companies from the US), so it is natural for US govt and its agencies to make use of this monopoly for ends that may not necessarily be in public interest.
Let this be clear that this aggressive anti-China stance in technological matters is not precisely because of Chinese intrusive activities in civil and military affairs of the US and its nationals (this has been going on for a decade or more), but because China had the audacity and showed the capacity and the will to buy leading chipset and communication device
manufacturers of the US, and China -- a non-Western, non-democratic, non-NATO country -- further frustrated the US by beating it in developing, testing, and marketing the 5G (the next revolution in communications that would bring unimaginable amount of data -- currency for tech companies and billions of dollars to a 5G leader's economy). If there continues to be demand for Chinese 5G products (either by individual consumers for cellphones or by telecom operators for 5G communication and relevant equipments) in the US, its national security would continue to be undermined1 by China, so it is natural for the US to create this anti-China fear among its people and beyond.
>
> Assuming the accusers are correct, does the use of Android One, as is done by some Xiaomi phones, reduce this risk, or is Android One irrelevant here?
>
>
>
1. If you do not have access to the source code of the software you are using;
2. If you cannot understand that source code in entirety;
3. If you do not have access to the blueprint (or whatever that is called) of the hardware you are using (including the software that is part of the hardware);
4. If you do not have the skills and the means to detect hardware vulnerabilities or backdoors;
than you cannot have absolute control over your device. You risk unwillingly giving away your private information to a party you may not even know. Everything than rests on trust (that you would not be harmed and the data not be collected involuntarily or misused) and the mitigating measures that you can undertake within the flexibility provided by the software and the hardware.
At last, if you want to stick with some western technological products, do it, but know that you are trusting one potential adversary with another. It is all the same if you are not from the western world.
1: [FCC to vote to bar Huawei, ZTE from government subsidy program, sources say](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/28/fcc-to-vote-to-bar-huawei-zte-from-government-subsidy-program.html)
Upvotes: 3 <issue_comment>username_2: AndroidOne can lower risk of spying due to vendor's negligence or non-systematic action (e.g., one employee adds some spying code without anyone else in the company knowing about that). The more modifications are there, the more places to inject some malicious modification and the more employees to care about.
You might argue that the vendor is just replacing the code from Google, so this is exchange of one potentially risky part for another part with the same risk. However, I would assume that the code from Google (especially the AOSP parts) get much more scrutiny both internally (within the vendor) and externally (by phone vendors and others).
When talking about some backdoors intentionally added (and probably approved by the management), AndroidOne cannot protect you. It might be harder to find a suitable place, but there always will be some:
* There can be an additional app in AndroidOne. Nokia is known to add [a controversial app for battery management](https://dontkillmyapp.com/nokia). While this one is not known to be malicious, it shows that Android One can be less pure than you think.
* The phone vendor can add some hardware-based backdoor.
* The phone vendor can claim it is AndroidOne, while actually not fully being AndroidOne. This can be even obscured in some ways, so it is not noticable from the OTA update packages.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/10/25 | 1,695 | 6,278 | <issue_start>username_0: My phone (Samsung A3, Android 5) is nearly always in **silent mode** (for many reasons: work, or kids who should not be awakened by a ringing tone).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/K3jJa.png)
But sometimes I don't find my phone at home, and lose 10 minutes finding it!
A solution would be to call my phone from another phone (home phone)... but obviously this doesn't work since the phone is in silent mode!
* Is there a way to make one specific number **always** ringing loud? (even if the phone is in silent mode)
* Or is there an app such that my (lost-in-my-house) phone there could be called from another phone, or from a computer, **with a loud ringing tone**, even if the phone is in silent mode?<issue_comment>username_1: It is possible with Samsung Find My Mobile feature.
Register [here](https://findmymobile.samsung.com/), and you'll be able to make loud sound even If your phone is in silent mode.
Upvotes: 3 <issue_comment>username_2: You can automate the process. Install [Macrodroid](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.arlosoft.macrodroid) on the old phone, open it and add a macro. Then follow the steps below:
1. In the Triggers tab, in the Call/SMS section, select "Call Incoming', then "Select Contact(s)". Choose your phone number.
2. In the Actions tab, in the Volume section, select "Volume Change". Give the appropriate permission to Macrodroid. Select "Volume Change", enable Ringer and set the volume percentage.
3. In the Constraints tab, in the Screen and Speaker section, select "Ringer Volume", then Silent.
4. Save the macro, give it a name.
Upvotes: 5 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_3: You may consider using **Google's Find My Device ([web version](https://www.google.com/android/find), [app](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.apps.adm))**. I would not suggest a third-party app from unreliable sources (although you can't trust Google as well :p).
Upvotes: 6 <issue_comment>username_4: >
> Is there a way to make one specific number always ringing loud? (even if the phone is in silent mode)
>
>
>
Another solution could be that instead of putting the phone in silent mode, you can set the default ringtone to a silent audio file. Then, you can set a normal ringtone for the contact of the number you want to call from.
Upvotes: 3 <issue_comment>username_5: If your phone is connected to the Google account, you can use a computer to find your phone. It won't matter if the ringer is off.
You could also use Do Not Disturb mode at home instead and allow only calls from specific contacts (home phone, spouse's phone, kid's phone, etc.). It might be useful since you can still allow calls from only a couple of contacts that might only call in an emergency.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_6: If you have a Google Home device (normal, mini, etc.), you can use "hey Google, where's my phone?" and it will ring your phone. (I don't remember what setup you have to do in advance, but I use this all the time.)
If you have a Tile device paired with your phone, you can push and hold the button on the Tile and it will make your phone ring if it is within range. (Tile is a tracker that you attach onto something like your keys and install an app on your phone--then when you have lost your keys, you go into the phone app and ask the Tile to ring. But in this example it also works backwards, when you can find your Tile but can't find your phone.)
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_7: Just in case you don't want to use the "where's my phone" functionality, as suggested by the other answers, you could create a contacts entry for the phone you plan to call it from, and assign it a special ringtone and flag it as emergency/VIP/starred contact (whatever your phone model uses). If you enable VIP contacts to ignore DnD/silent mode, this could achieve the same functionality without relying on external services.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_8: In addition to the app mentioned in [username_2's Answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217962/67281), similar apps like Tasker or the popular IFTTT can also be used to achieve this.
IFTTT is probably the easiest to configure: Just activate the ['Turn up volume if a specific number calls'](https://ifttt.com/applets/259949p-turn-up-volume-if-a-specific-number-calls) task and input your home phone number.
You could also use ['Send a text to unmute phone'](https://ifttt.com/applets/167489p-send-a-text-to-unmute-phone-for-if-it-s-misplaced-so-you-can-call-and-hear-it-ringing). It's an extra step but the advantage here is that it works from any device, in case you also can't find your home phone.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_9: There's an app I've been using for years called "[Where's My Droid](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.alienmanfc6.wheresmyandroid&hl=en)". You text it a specific code (using the default or a optionally pre-configured code) from any number or a white-listed set of number(s) and it will ring loudly, vibrate and blink the flash.
It can also send you the phone's current GPS location. Send you a picture from both the front & rear facing cameras (so you can see who's absconded with your phone), and a whole host of features that I've never used.
\*Not associated with the company in any way, just a pleased user of the free version of the app.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_10: I use the Lookout app. It's a security app that scans for viruses, provides location, wiping, locking and scream (the feature that the OP is looking for) functions as well.
<http://www.lookout.com>
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_11: Another solution would be using Termux (my favourite app). In silimar cases, I can SSH to my phone from my computer, adjust volume with termux-volume, play some sound file with mpv, or activate the motor with termux-vibrate.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_12: I use an app (similar to Lookout mentioned above, but no Anti-virus) called Prey. The main goal of the app is to recover lost/stolen phones, but one of its features is to make noise when a certain phrase (e.g. "Wake up phone!") is received by SMS.
<https://preyproject.com/>
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/27 | 2,940 | 10,436 | <issue_start>username_0: I am learning about how Windows does name resolution and need to know how Android does it so an app will work on my Windows laptop and from my Android Phone.
Borrowing from a post on [superuser.com](https://superuser.com/questions/495759/why-is-ping-unable-to-resolve-a-name-when-nslookup-works-fine/508057), the [normal resolution method on Windows](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/172218/microsoft-tcp-ip-host-name-resolution-order) is as follows:
>
> 1. The client checks to see if the name queried is its own.
> 2. The client then searches a local Hosts file, a list of IP address and names stored on the local computer.
> 3. Domain Name System (DNS) servers are queried.
> 4. If the name is still not resolved, NetBIOS name resolution sequence is used as a backup. This order can be changed by configuring the NetBIOS node type of the client.
>
>
>
I use `dnsmasq` to provide local DNS resolution so I can map my own made up hostnames to local LAN IP addresses. This also allows me to see, in the `dnsmasq` log file, the DNS query that goes from the client to the DNS server. While testing the website from my phone I could swear using the URL address `http://mywebsite` in a Chrome browser on the phone was loading the website and the `dnsmasq` log showed just that unqualified name - `mywebsite` - resolving to the desired local IP address the web server is at.
However that was a few days ago, now the `dnsmasq` log always shows that the DHCP server DNS suffix [home] has been appended. So I see `mywebsite.home` in the `dnsmasq` log even though I used the URL address `http://mywebsite` in the phones Chrome browser. I didn't change anything with the phone. It is still set up to get its IP address via DHCP, in practice it never changes.
So my questions are:
1. How does Android OS resolve domain names to IP addresses - what things does it try and in what order?
2. Any feedback on why Android seemed to be resolving the unqualified hostname in my browser originally without any DNS suffix being appended. But now the `[home]` suffix is always appended as reported in the `dnsmasq` log file.
**Update 1**
After some more testing I have again seen the scenario where the webpage `http://mymovies` loads from the Android phone but the `dnsmasq` log appears to show the name resolution happening on an unqualified domain name (bare hostname: `mymovies`).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BvjfA.png)
The `x`'s are my redacted routers public IP address.
Can anyone explain what `dnsmasq` is doing here?
Starting from 02:07:22 it initially seems to try resolving the name `mymovies.home`. This makes sense because the phones IP is dynamically allocated by the DHCP server and I can see on my laptop that the DHCP server sends the DNS suffix `[home]` as the connection-specific DNS suffix so it must be doing the same to the phone I guess?
The reason why it fails here is because I do not have an entry for `mymovies.home` in `dnsmasq.conf` - I commented it out. I DO have an address entry for `mymovies` in `dnsmasq.conf` and that seems to be why it can resolve `mymovies` to an IP address.
Is this a difference of name resolution in Android compared with Windows - that eventually Android OS WILL try to resolve an unqualified domain name (bare hostname) to an IP address?<issue_comment>username_1: How DNS queries made by a program are being resolved isn't specific to an OS, but depends on the resolver library the program is using. DNS resolvers have traditionally been part of OS's standard C library e.g. [Bionic](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/heads/master/README.md) on Android, [`libcmt`](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/c-runtime-library/crt-library-features) on Windows, `glibc`, `musl`, `dietlibc`, `uClibc` and others on Linux. Not all C libraries use the same approach to resolve host/domain names. While `glibc` and alike provide complicated but highly configurable mechanisms like Name Service Switch, others just rely on `hosts` and DNS queries to upstream nameserver as configured in [`/etc/resolv.conf`](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/resolv.conf.5.html). Android's resolver ([1](https://source.android.com/devices/architecture/modular-system/dns-resolver), [2](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/net/getaddrinfo.c#67)) looks up cache, `hosts` and DNS:
>
> *"DNS lookups are centralized in the `netd` daemon to allow for system-wide caching, while apps call functions (such as `getaddrinfo`) in Bionic. The query is sent over a UNIX socket to `/dev/socket/dnsproxyd` to the `netd` daemon, which parses the request and calls `getaddrinfo` again to issue DNS lookups, then caches the results so that other apps can use them."*
>
>
>
DNS server address is either received through PDP context on Mobile Data or through DHCP on Wi-Fi (also possibly to [set manually](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205775/218526)) or the hard-coded value `8.8.8.8` is used. Since Android 9 Private DNS (DNS over TLS) may also be configured in Settings. It's also possible to set DNS and domain name using `ndc resolver setnetdns` command. See more details in [How to configure DNS properly?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205740/218526).
>
> `dnsmasq` log always shows that the DHCP server `DNS` suffix [home] has been appended
>
>
>
`.home` suffix is being provided by your DHCP server (router?) to Android as part of DHCP request (code 15). Android's DHCP client [asks](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/net/java/android/net/dhcp/DhcpClient.java#153) server for [option 6](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2132#section-3.8) (domain name server) and [option 15](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2132#section-3.17) (domain name), which are then forwarded to C library ([\_resolv\_set\_nameservers\_for\_net](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/resolv/res_cache.c#2001)) through [DnsManager](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java#356), [NetworkManagementService](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/core/java/com/android/server/NetworkManagementService.java#1946) and [`netd`](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/netd/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/server/ResolverController.cpp#478).
On Linux DHCP client (e.g. `dhcpcd`) modifies `resolv.conf` itself or uses a program like [`resolvconf`](https://roy.marples.name/projects/openresolv) which is dedicated to manage `resolv.conf`. `nameserver` keyword defines DNS server and `search` defines search list for host-name lookup (DHCP [option 119](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3397#section-2) or 15). Android uses default values hard-coded in different [header files](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/include/) other than those received from DHCP or set manually.
Windows's DHCP client and DNS resolver support option 15. Additional configurations which are honored by DNS Client service (`dnscache`) and library can be made through Network Connections or Group Policy Editor or Registry Editor.
>
> Is this a difference of name resolution in Android compared with Windows - that eventually Android OS WILL try to resolve an unqualified domain name (bare hostname) to an IP address?
>
>
>
As far as I have seen this is almost standard behavior for Linux libc's. [Android's DNS resolver code](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/heads/master/libc/dns/resolv) is also based on NetBSD - another Linux-like operating system. A single-label unqualified name is first tried with DNS suffix appended, then tried without suffix 4 times (see *"options attempts:n"* for `resolv.conf`). For multi-label name the order is reversed while a FQDN (with trailing `.`) is never tried with suffix. On Windows you can append dot to unqualified name so that it's treated as FQDN. It's possible to set it as default behavior by adding dot (`.`) to "[DNS suffix for this connection](http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2455390&seqNum=3)". See also for [Multi-Label Name Queries](https://computerstepbystep.com/allow-dns-suffix-appending-to-unqualified-multi-label-name-queries.html).
>
> I am learning about how Windows does name resolution and need to know how Android does it
>
>
>
As stated in the start, name resolution might not be persistent across whole OS. On Android, for instance, Firefox or Chrome will be depending on Bionic resolver while some `busybox ping` (or even some native libraries included with GUI apps) will be trying to read `resolv.conf` and make DNS queries directly.
Also network troubleshooting tools like `ping` and `getent` rely on OS's internal resolver libraries like NSS, while DNS diagnostic tools like `nslookup`, `dig` and `host` act as independent DNS clients - they don't read `hosts` file and may not honor `resolv.conf` in its entirety. `dig` provides commandline arguments to (not) use options set in `resolv.conf`, and similarly [Windows `nslookup` has its own built-in resolver](https://blogs.msmvps.com/acefekay/2013/02/17/nslookup-suffixing-behavior/).
So even on same OS you can't expect same DNS resolution behavior when using different GUI/CLI programs because they could be using different libc and/or different resolver and/or different configuration.
---
**RELATED:**
* [How to ping a local network host by hostname?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/215878/218526)
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: >
> Can anyone explain what `dnsmasq` is doing here?
>
>
>
* query[A] = resolution request for IPv4
* From: obviously the source, as you already stated, your router's public address.
* forwarded to: is the URL forwarding to the DNS servers that you configured for such kind of URLs, in case that no config there, is using the default DNS servers or your GW.
* reply: the DNS Server is not being able to resolve the host because that domain doesn't exist (mymovies.home) and therefore is delivering that "NXDOMAIN" as reply
* 192.168.1.124 is the IP that you have statically configured for mymovies
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/28 | 2,236 | 7,884 | <issue_start>username_0: 1. This is not a proximity sensor issue. The proximity sensor works as expected during normal calls and speakerphone calls.
2. This is not a screen timeout issue. The screen timeout is set to 10 minutes. It always turns off within <45 seconds.
as expected during normal calls and speakerphone calls.
This is infuriating. I don't understand why the screen should turn off after any amount of time other than the screen timeout setting when on a speakerphone call. Usually I'm navigating automated menus and it goes out a second or two before I'm ready to input the option. A simple tap doesn't wake it either I have to pick up the phone and press the power button.
This is with a Samsung Galaxy S10e.
How can I make the phone respect my screen timeout settings when on speakerphone calls?<issue_comment>username_1: How DNS queries made by a program are being resolved isn't specific to an OS, but depends on the resolver library the program is using. DNS resolvers have traditionally been part of OS's standard C library e.g. [Bionic](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/heads/master/README.md) on Android, [`libcmt`](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/c-runtime-library/crt-library-features) on Windows, `glibc`, `musl`, `dietlibc`, `uClibc` and others on Linux. Not all C libraries use the same approach to resolve host/domain names. While `glibc` and alike provide complicated but highly configurable mechanisms like Name Service Switch, others just rely on `hosts` and DNS queries to upstream nameserver as configured in [`/etc/resolv.conf`](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/resolv.conf.5.html). Android's resolver ([1](https://source.android.com/devices/architecture/modular-system/dns-resolver), [2](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/net/getaddrinfo.c#67)) looks up cache, `hosts` and DNS:
>
> *"DNS lookups are centralized in the `netd` daemon to allow for system-wide caching, while apps call functions (such as `getaddrinfo`) in Bionic. The query is sent over a UNIX socket to `/dev/socket/dnsproxyd` to the `netd` daemon, which parses the request and calls `getaddrinfo` again to issue DNS lookups, then caches the results so that other apps can use them."*
>
>
>
DNS server address is either received through PDP context on Mobile Data or through DHCP on Wi-Fi (also possibly to [set manually](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205775/218526)) or the hard-coded value `8.8.8.8` is used. Since Android 9 Private DNS (DNS over TLS) may also be configured in Settings. It's also possible to set DNS and domain name using `ndc resolver setnetdns` command. See more details in [How to configure DNS properly?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205740/218526).
>
> `dnsmasq` log always shows that the DHCP server `DNS` suffix [home] has been appended
>
>
>
`.home` suffix is being provided by your DHCP server (router?) to Android as part of DHCP request (code 15). Android's DHCP client [asks](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/net/java/android/net/dhcp/DhcpClient.java#153) server for [option 6](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2132#section-3.8) (domain name server) and [option 15](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2132#section-3.17) (domain name), which are then forwarded to C library ([\_resolv\_set\_nameservers\_for\_net](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/resolv/res_cache.c#2001)) through [DnsManager](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java#356), [NetworkManagementService](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/core/java/com/android/server/NetworkManagementService.java#1946) and [`netd`](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/netd/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/server/ResolverController.cpp#478).
On Linux DHCP client (e.g. `dhcpcd`) modifies `resolv.conf` itself or uses a program like [`resolvconf`](https://roy.marples.name/projects/openresolv) which is dedicated to manage `resolv.conf`. `nameserver` keyword defines DNS server and `search` defines search list for host-name lookup (DHCP [option 119](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3397#section-2) or 15). Android uses default values hard-coded in different [header files](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/include/) other than those received from DHCP or set manually.
Windows's DHCP client and DNS resolver support option 15. Additional configurations which are honored by DNS Client service (`dnscache`) and library can be made through Network Connections or Group Policy Editor or Registry Editor.
>
> Is this a difference of name resolution in Android compared with Windows - that eventually Android OS WILL try to resolve an unqualified domain name (bare hostname) to an IP address?
>
>
>
As far as I have seen this is almost standard behavior for Linux libc's. [Android's DNS resolver code](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/heads/master/libc/dns/resolv) is also based on NetBSD - another Linux-like operating system. A single-label unqualified name is first tried with DNS suffix appended, then tried without suffix 4 times (see *"options attempts:n"* for `resolv.conf`). For multi-label name the order is reversed while a FQDN (with trailing `.`) is never tried with suffix. On Windows you can append dot to unqualified name so that it's treated as FQDN. It's possible to set it as default behavior by adding dot (`.`) to "[DNS suffix for this connection](http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2455390&seqNum=3)". See also for [Multi-Label Name Queries](https://computerstepbystep.com/allow-dns-suffix-appending-to-unqualified-multi-label-name-queries.html).
>
> I am learning about how Windows does name resolution and need to know how Android does it
>
>
>
As stated in the start, name resolution might not be persistent across whole OS. On Android, for instance, Firefox or Chrome will be depending on Bionic resolver while some `busybox ping` (or even some native libraries included with GUI apps) will be trying to read `resolv.conf` and make DNS queries directly.
Also network troubleshooting tools like `ping` and `getent` rely on OS's internal resolver libraries like NSS, while DNS diagnostic tools like `nslookup`, `dig` and `host` act as independent DNS clients - they don't read `hosts` file and may not honor `resolv.conf` in its entirety. `dig` provides commandline arguments to (not) use options set in `resolv.conf`, and similarly [Windows `nslookup` has its own built-in resolver](https://blogs.msmvps.com/acefekay/2013/02/17/nslookup-suffixing-behavior/).
So even on same OS you can't expect same DNS resolution behavior when using different GUI/CLI programs because they could be using different libc and/or different resolver and/or different configuration.
---
**RELATED:**
* [How to ping a local network host by hostname?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/215878/218526)
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: >
> Can anyone explain what `dnsmasq` is doing here?
>
>
>
* query[A] = resolution request for IPv4
* From: obviously the source, as you already stated, your router's public address.
* forwarded to: is the URL forwarding to the DNS servers that you configured for such kind of URLs, in case that no config there, is using the default DNS servers or your GW.
* reply: the DNS Server is not being able to resolve the host because that domain doesn't exist (mymovies.home) and therefore is delivering that "NXDOMAIN" as reply
* 192.168.1.124 is the IP that you have statically configured for mymovies
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/29 | 2,161 | 7,550 | <issue_start>username_0: We are going through custody battles atm, and I allowed my child to take her phone to her mother's, in case she needed me or felt unsafe. Her mom took the phone, removed my google account, added hers and make it to where it needs to verify the account before I can make any changes. So now she can control all the parental locks, send messages when she shouldn't be, ect. How can I remove her account and replace mine since they are my phones to begin with?<issue_comment>username_1: How DNS queries made by a program are being resolved isn't specific to an OS, but depends on the resolver library the program is using. DNS resolvers have traditionally been part of OS's standard C library e.g. [Bionic](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/heads/master/README.md) on Android, [`libcmt`](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/c-runtime-library/crt-library-features) on Windows, `glibc`, `musl`, `dietlibc`, `uClibc` and others on Linux. Not all C libraries use the same approach to resolve host/domain names. While `glibc` and alike provide complicated but highly configurable mechanisms like Name Service Switch, others just rely on `hosts` and DNS queries to upstream nameserver as configured in [`/etc/resolv.conf`](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/resolv.conf.5.html). Android's resolver ([1](https://source.android.com/devices/architecture/modular-system/dns-resolver), [2](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/net/getaddrinfo.c#67)) looks up cache, `hosts` and DNS:
>
> *"DNS lookups are centralized in the `netd` daemon to allow for system-wide caching, while apps call functions (such as `getaddrinfo`) in Bionic. The query is sent over a UNIX socket to `/dev/socket/dnsproxyd` to the `netd` daemon, which parses the request and calls `getaddrinfo` again to issue DNS lookups, then caches the results so that other apps can use them."*
>
>
>
DNS server address is either received through PDP context on Mobile Data or through DHCP on Wi-Fi (also possibly to [set manually](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205775/218526)) or the hard-coded value `8.8.8.8` is used. Since Android 9 Private DNS (DNS over TLS) may also be configured in Settings. It's also possible to set DNS and domain name using `ndc resolver setnetdns` command. See more details in [How to configure DNS properly?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205740/218526).
>
> `dnsmasq` log always shows that the DHCP server `DNS` suffix [home] has been appended
>
>
>
`.home` suffix is being provided by your DHCP server (router?) to Android as part of DHCP request (code 15). Android's DHCP client [asks](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/net/java/android/net/dhcp/DhcpClient.java#153) server for [option 6](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2132#section-3.8) (domain name server) and [option 15](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2132#section-3.17) (domain name), which are then forwarded to C library ([\_resolv\_set\_nameservers\_for\_net](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/resolv/res_cache.c#2001)) through [DnsManager](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java#356), [NetworkManagementService](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/services/core/java/com/android/server/NetworkManagementService.java#1946) and [`netd`](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/netd/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/server/ResolverController.cpp#478).
On Linux DHCP client (e.g. `dhcpcd`) modifies `resolv.conf` itself or uses a program like [`resolvconf`](https://roy.marples.name/projects/openresolv) which is dedicated to manage `resolv.conf`. `nameserver` keyword defines DNS server and `search` defines search list for host-name lookup (DHCP [option 119](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3397#section-2) or 15). Android uses default values hard-coded in different [header files](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r49/libc/dns/include/) other than those received from DHCP or set manually.
Windows's DHCP client and DNS resolver support option 15. Additional configurations which are honored by DNS Client service (`dnscache`) and library can be made through Network Connections or Group Policy Editor or Registry Editor.
>
> Is this a difference of name resolution in Android compared with Windows - that eventually Android OS WILL try to resolve an unqualified domain name (bare hostname) to an IP address?
>
>
>
As far as I have seen this is almost standard behavior for Linux libc's. [Android's DNS resolver code](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/refs/heads/master/libc/dns/resolv) is also based on NetBSD - another Linux-like operating system. A single-label unqualified name is first tried with DNS suffix appended, then tried without suffix 4 times (see *"options attempts:n"* for `resolv.conf`). For multi-label name the order is reversed while a FQDN (with trailing `.`) is never tried with suffix. On Windows you can append dot to unqualified name so that it's treated as FQDN. It's possible to set it as default behavior by adding dot (`.`) to "[DNS suffix for this connection](http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2455390&seqNum=3)". See also for [Multi-Label Name Queries](https://computerstepbystep.com/allow-dns-suffix-appending-to-unqualified-multi-label-name-queries.html).
>
> I am learning about how Windows does name resolution and need to know how Android does it
>
>
>
As stated in the start, name resolution might not be persistent across whole OS. On Android, for instance, Firefox or Chrome will be depending on Bionic resolver while some `busybox ping` (or even some native libraries included with GUI apps) will be trying to read `resolv.conf` and make DNS queries directly.
Also network troubleshooting tools like `ping` and `getent` rely on OS's internal resolver libraries like NSS, while DNS diagnostic tools like `nslookup`, `dig` and `host` act as independent DNS clients - they don't read `hosts` file and may not honor `resolv.conf` in its entirety. `dig` provides commandline arguments to (not) use options set in `resolv.conf`, and similarly [Windows `nslookup` has its own built-in resolver](https://blogs.msmvps.com/acefekay/2013/02/17/nslookup-suffixing-behavior/).
So even on same OS you can't expect same DNS resolution behavior when using different GUI/CLI programs because they could be using different libc and/or different resolver and/or different configuration.
---
**RELATED:**
* [How to ping a local network host by hostname?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/215878/218526)
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: >
> Can anyone explain what `dnsmasq` is doing here?
>
>
>
* query[A] = resolution request for IPv4
* From: obviously the source, as you already stated, your router's public address.
* forwarded to: is the URL forwarding to the DNS servers that you configured for such kind of URLs, in case that no config there, is using the default DNS servers or your GW.
* reply: the DNS Server is not being able to resolve the host because that domain doesn't exist (mymovies.home) and therefore is delivering that "NXDOMAIN" as reply
* 192.168.1.124 is the IP that you have statically configured for mymovies
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/30 | 506 | 1,652 | <issue_start>username_0: I'm looking for a way to get two **separate** (i.e. "Extended" or split) display outputs on my Android x86 setup.
It appears that I need to modify the content of `/grub/menu.lst` file, but every guide that I have found instructs the user to either clone (i.e. "duplicate" or mirror) the displays, or worse, it instructs the user to entirely disable the internal LVDS display. This is not what I want.
What I want is to simply have a separate output for each of my displays (two 1920x1080 monitors using HDMI.) This is something that is available on many Linux distros and even Windows.
Is what I want even possible on Android x86 at the moment?<issue_comment>username_1: A quick check of [android-x86.org](https://www.android-x86.org/) shows at the bottom:
>
> **Development (2019/10)**
>
>
> **What we are working on now**
>
>
> * Android 10 (Q release) porting (q-x86 branch)
> * Upgrade kernel to 4.19 or newer
> * OpenGL ES hardware acceleration for intel/radeon/nvidia/amdgpu (pstglia, mauro) and virgl(robh) GPUs.
> * HDMI audio (cwhuang)
> * LineageOS integration (jjm)
> * Hardware accelerated codecs
>
>
> **To-Do List**
>
>
> * Multiple displays support
> * Better power management
> * Miracast
>
>
>
So the feature **Multiple display support** is on the **To-Do List** and probably dependent on OpenGL ES hardware acceleration efforts.
So as of 2019-10 the feature you want isn't available.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: This feature is not yet available. You could instead switch between your screens by adding `video=LVDS-1:d` to your grub configuration file.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/30 | 1,152 | 4,298 | <issue_start>username_0: So far I've been trusting in PEGI certifications nearly as in bible.
Today, I found [Alchademy game](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.hyperbeard.alchademy), which has **PEGI 3** age certification, but deeply in the game's desc you can find something like this:
>
> This game is not intended for children and may have some content that is inappropriate for children under the age of 13.
>
>
>
Please, explain, what am I missing? How can a game pass PEGI 3 certification with such a note?
Based on above, I come with the conclusion that PEGI certifications at Google Play are completely worthless and when deciding whether particular app is or isn't applicable for my children, I must always dig description or -- the best -- install and play the game myself.
If that's truth then what is the reason in fouling people with that whole PEGI stuff at all?<issue_comment>username_1: **Disclaimer:** I don't develop Android apps so my answer might be lacking. I hope our residents developers will provide more clarifications if necessary.
According to [Content ratings for apps & games](https://support.google.com/googleplay/android-developer/answer/188189?hl=en), The rating of an app is done by independent 3rd-parties not Google. The app's developer fill a rating questionnaire, then independent 3rd parties rate it:
>
> To receive a rating for each of your apps and games, you fill out a rating questionnaire on the Play Console about the nature of your apps’ content and receive a content rating from multiple rating authorities. Since they are independent third party rating authorities, each rating authority uses their own methodology to assign your ratings (see Rating authorities & descriptions below). The ratings assigned to your app displayed on Google Play are determined by your questionnaire responses.
>
>
>
It is possible based on the last sentence that the responses to the rating questionnaire prompted the rating agencies to rate the app PEGI 3 while the developer(s) state(s) even on their own [website](https://hyperbeard.com/game/alchademy/) that:
>
> This game is not intended for children and may have some content that is inappropriate for children under the age of 13
>
>
>
Thus, the app should be rated [PEGI](https://pegi.info/what-do-the-labels-mean) 12. As a comparison, the game is rated +9 on the [Appstore](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1156716750).
The rating can be inconsistent as shown [here](https://techcrunch.com/2019/10/23/googles-play-store-is-giving-an-age-rating-finger-to-fleksy-a-gboard-rival/) where keyboard apps with the same content are not rated the same:
>
> The Fleksy app, which has been on the Play Store for around eight years at this point — and per Play Store install stats has had more than 5M downloads to date — was PEGI 3 rating until earlier this month. But then Google stepped in and forced the team to up the rating to 12.
>
>
>
---
>
> That’s not the end of the saga, though. Google’s Play Store team is still not happy with the regional age rating for Fleksy — and wants to push the rating even higher — claiming, in a subsequent email, that “your app contains mature content (e.g. emoji) and should have higher rating”.
>
>
> Now, to be crystal clear, Google’s own Gboard app also contains the middle finger emoji. We are 100% sure of this because we double-checked…
>
>
>
In the case, of the link article above, it was Google that forced the rating change not independent 3rd parties. After the developers complained to [International Age Rating Coalition](https://www.globalratings.com/), the rating was then restored. It shows that Google can manipulate the rating.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: While *username_1*'s answer actually fulfils the subject, I'd like to add my own, since I have received an answer and clarification from the creators of the game in question:
>
> We understand the confusion that this can create, we place the information corresponding to the app, but in the case of the App rating, we have no control over it, this because Google assigns it automatically after some questions.
>
>
>
Based on above, I think we can clearly say that Google Play's age rating are pretty much worthless.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/30 | 1,041 | 3,923 | <issue_start>username_0: The screen on my Galaxy A6 is dead. Until I possibly get it repaired, I would like to shutdown the phone, mainly to stop the alarm which I cannot turn off without the screen.
I have seen plenty of instructions on how to force it to reboot (power + vol. down), and on how to hard reset it. But that is not what I want. I just want to turn the phone off.
(it would be easy if I could remove the battery, but that is not possible either, and I didn't think of checking that before buying that thing...)<issue_comment>username_1: **Disclaimer:** I don't develop Android apps so my answer might be lacking. I hope our residents developers will provide more clarifications if necessary.
According to [Content ratings for apps & games](https://support.google.com/googleplay/android-developer/answer/188189?hl=en), The rating of an app is done by independent 3rd-parties not Google. The app's developer fill a rating questionnaire, then independent 3rd parties rate it:
>
> To receive a rating for each of your apps and games, you fill out a rating questionnaire on the Play Console about the nature of your apps’ content and receive a content rating from multiple rating authorities. Since they are independent third party rating authorities, each rating authority uses their own methodology to assign your ratings (see Rating authorities & descriptions below). The ratings assigned to your app displayed on Google Play are determined by your questionnaire responses.
>
>
>
It is possible based on the last sentence that the responses to the rating questionnaire prompted the rating agencies to rate the app PEGI 3 while the developer(s) state(s) even on their own [website](https://hyperbeard.com/game/alchademy/) that:
>
> This game is not intended for children and may have some content that is inappropriate for children under the age of 13
>
>
>
Thus, the app should be rated [PEGI](https://pegi.info/what-do-the-labels-mean) 12. As a comparison, the game is rated +9 on the [Appstore](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1156716750).
The rating can be inconsistent as shown [here](https://techcrunch.com/2019/10/23/googles-play-store-is-giving-an-age-rating-finger-to-fleksy-a-gboard-rival/) where keyboard apps with the same content are not rated the same:
>
> The Fleksy app, which has been on the Play Store for around eight years at this point — and per Play Store install stats has had more than 5M downloads to date — was PEGI 3 rating until earlier this month. But then Google stepped in and forced the team to up the rating to 12.
>
>
>
---
>
> That’s not the end of the saga, though. Google’s Play Store team is still not happy with the regional age rating for Fleksy — and wants to push the rating even higher — claiming, in a subsequent email, that “your app contains mature content (e.g. emoji) and should have higher rating”.
>
>
> Now, to be crystal clear, Google’s own Gboard app also contains the middle finger emoji. We are 100% sure of this because we double-checked…
>
>
>
In the case, of the link article above, it was Google that forced the rating change not independent 3rd parties. After the developers complained to [International Age Rating Coalition](https://www.globalratings.com/), the rating was then restored. It shows that Google can manipulate the rating.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: While *username_1*'s answer actually fulfils the subject, I'd like to add my own, since I have received an answer and clarification from the creators of the game in question:
>
> We understand the confusion that this can create, we place the information corresponding to the app, but in the case of the App rating, we have no control over it, this because Google assigns it automatically after some questions.
>
>
>
Based on above, I think we can clearly say that Google Play's age rating are pretty much worthless.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/10/31 | 266 | 1,059 | <issue_start>username_0: I made a bunch of hands free voice notes while I was driving and now I need to process them from my computer, which has my to do list on it (which I cannot access from my phone). However, I cannot seem to figure out how to do this. When I ask Google Assistant where my notes are, it shows me a long list and says they are stored in Google Keep. However, I do not see them in Keep.
As a workaround, I tried copying my notes on my phone, but it would not let me select more than one at a time.<issue_comment>username_1: When you first make a note, Google Assistant normally asks you if you want them saved in Keep or Gmail...
If you selected Gmail, open <https://mail.google.com> on your PC and look for the Notes section on the left column.
If you selected Keep, go to <https://keep.google.com> and they should be there.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: This link worked for me for lists and notes I took before I had a synchronization account set up:
<https://assistant.google.com/lists/mainview>
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/10/31 | 292 | 1,209 | <issue_start>username_0: I have an ASUS ZenPad 3S 10 (Z500M, model P027) and I can't add any shortcut icon from the app drawer to the home screen by pressing and dragging.
I know I used to have this option, but now something has changed and prevented it.<issue_comment>username_1: The issue might be that the launcher layout is locked. Try to remove or replace an icon already present in launcher and if you can't move the icon, then most likely the layout is locked.
To turn off the option, the ways are different in different launchers, try going to launcher settings and find option to lock the desktop layout or something similar and turn it off.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: Thanks to everyone, I did not know that it is an app that launches Android out of the root; now I do.
After researching several launcher apps, I got enough understanding to look for the launcher for my tablet. I found it under default apps and it is actually part of the onboard software apps, i.e. resident and native to the hardware, that can not be uninstalled but it has two levels/layers and one of those levels put the app's icon on the bottom drawer so that it can be accessed as I was looking for.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/01 | 840 | 2,788 | <issue_start>username_0: The HTC U11 Life got my attention when I saw **androidone** printed on its back. Now I got one, but this one doesn't have the **androidone** print on its back. Are there two versions of the phone, one to support **androidone** and another that doesn't?
Is there a setting I can check that would clearly tell me whether my phone supports **androidone** or not?
It came with Android 8.0.0 and it says there are no Software updates available...
**Update:** According to the HTC website there are indeed two versions of the phone: one such and another with a (T-Mobile) suffix. Upon booting the phone there is a T-Mobile screen, thus it looks like I’ve got the T-Mobile version. The question remains though: is this version of the phone not part of the android one program?<issue_comment>username_1: This [article](https://www.pocket-lint.com/phones/news/android/129577-what-is-android-one) states that:
>
> Android One is a Google-devised programme for hardware manufacturers making smartphones. Being part of Android One - and labelled as such on the rear of the phone - brings with it a guarantee that it's a solid and stable version of Android that's not loaded with other apps, services and bloatware.
> Essentially, it's a stock Android experience.
>
>
>
Your device is an Android One as shown [here](https://www.pocket-lint.com/phones/reviews/htc/142742-htc-u11-life-review-the-ups-and-downs-of-life), [here](https://www.androidauthority.com/htc-u11-life-specs-810272/) and [here](https://gsmarena.com/htc_u11_life-8885.php).
>
> With Android One, your device will receive up to two years of upgrades to the latest version of Android.
>
>
>
In North America, it was [released](https://www.androidauthority.com/htc-u11-life-specs-810272/) with Android 7.1. It came already [installed](https://gsmarena.com/htc_u11_life-8885.php) with Android 8 in some parts of the world of the world and is [upgradable](https://gsmarena.com/htc_u11_life-8885.php) to Android 9.
>
> Is there a setting I can check that would clearly tell me whether my phone supports androidone or not?
>
>
>
There is no such setting.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: There is indeed a variant of the HTC U11 Life that does not have the Android One branding:
>
> [the American variant of the same phone does not have the Android One branding](https://www.xda-developers.com/tmobile-htc-u11-life-android-oreo-update/)
>
>
>
The answer to my question should therefore be: if it isn't labeled **androidone** on the rear, it's not in the Android One program.
I will generously assume that the vendor, who marketed the phone with Android One, was also confused by the HTC marketing strategy for this phone. They can take it back though.
Upvotes: 1 [selected_answer] |
2019/11/02 | 301 | 1,174 | <issue_start>username_0: I need to view the certificate of an Android APK, however when I look in the META-INF folder, there is no CERT.RSA file. I know that somehow the APK must be signed, because I was able to put it on an android emulator and run it, and Android won't install any unsigned apps, so it must be signed.
I just really need to actually see the signature but I cannot find it.
I am using Android Studio.
Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!<issue_comment>username_1: Sometimes the "CERT.RSA" file is called something else. No idea why. I have often found the certificate file to be called something".RSA".
For example, when I decompile the "wp.wattpad" APK, it has its certificate saved as "BNDLTOOL.RSA"
My advice to you would be to find the file in the META-INF folder that has the extension ".RSA". It is probably the certificate.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: 1. check your mini sdk version, if it is >23, the v1 scheme signature will be ignored.
2. Is it only signed in v2?
Only the v1 scheme signature needs \*.RSA files. You can use the apk signature tools which under the android sdk dir to verify the apk is signed.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/03 | 427 | 1,672 | <issue_start>username_0: The Android YouTube app on my phone won't play any video with the vp09.00.51.08.01.01.01.01 codec, which seems to be every main stream, popular video.
My Android YouTube app will play videos with avc1.4d401e (134), which tend to be obscure low view videos. The only way I know how to check the codec is to look up the video from a desktop browser, right click the video and click "stats for nerds".
There are no errors shown in the app. The screen simply shows black and the audio plays normal.
YouTube works fine in the phone's browser, but not the app. I've uninstalled, reinstalled, cleared the cache, restarted the phone, and several combinations of all the above and can't get my YouTube app to work right.
Is there a way to update the codecs, or some other insight how to resolve the problem?
Edit:
The phone is a Korean model LG v20 F800L, so what Hax0 says makes perfect sense. I'm testing his answer now.<issue_comment>username_1: You did not mention the device you are using. Your device does not seem to have license/support to play the VP9 codec in its HW codecs.
* One workaround is to tricking the YouTube app that you are using a different device which has license for VP9 codecs (Most recent devices does). Unfortunately you need to Root your device to achieve this because it required to modify System Build.prop file or use Xposed modules.
* Other option is to use third party or modded YouTube apps like Vanced Youtube which has option to Force VP9 codecs. Use google to download this.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: Delete the app then Go into settings and allow unrecognised apps and it should work?
Upvotes: -1 |
2019/11/04 | 290 | 1,250 | <issue_start>username_0: I have set up a minecraft bedrock edition server on my android phone by setting up nukkit in an ubuntu for ARM being emulated in termux terminal emulator for android and it runs pretty well and I can connect to it from my own device. But now I want to port forward it so that it is accessible from anywhere in the world, but guides online say that you need your router ip...blah,blah,blah but I dont have a router, I am using the 4g network provided by jio. How can I get my server running online?<issue_comment>username_1: You did not mention the device you are using. Your device does not seem to have license/support to play the VP9 codec in its HW codecs.
* One workaround is to tricking the YouTube app that you are using a different device which has license for VP9 codecs (Most recent devices does). Unfortunately you need to Root your device to achieve this because it required to modify System Build.prop file or use Xposed modules.
* Other option is to use third party or modded YouTube apps like Vanced Youtube which has option to Force VP9 codecs. Use google to download this.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: Delete the app then Go into settings and allow unrecognised apps and it should work?
Upvotes: -1 |
2019/11/04 | 356 | 1,335 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a Samsung Note 9 (Android version 9) and Google Pay installed and configured. It works on stores like Costa for payments under £35 **only when phone is unlocked**
As per <https://support.google.com/pay/answer/7644132?hl=en> "No unlock needed for smaller payments"
Does anyone know why this is the case? I'd like that no unlocking is required for small payments.<issue_comment>username_1: Not sure if they've recently updated the support answer on your link or not but it's clear you can't always pay with a locked phone even for smaller payments.
>
> To make most purchases in stores, you need to unlock your phone. You won't need to unlock it for **certain** small payments.
>
>
> **Important: You can only make a limited amount of locked transactions before your phone will ask you to unlock it**.
>
>
>
Personally, I have to unlock my Pixel 3A even when the payment is as small as £2.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: It turns out this may be a problem with the official Samsung phone clear view folding cover explained in <https://www.samsung.com/uk/smartphones/galaxy-note9/accessories/>
When the fold is closed I cannot use it. If I open the fold then even if the phone is locked I can use Google Pay. Removing the foldable cover altogether also works!
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/11/05 | 399 | 1,642 | <issue_start>username_0: I used Find My Device to set a 20-character password for my phone (it accepted the password without any error messages as shown in the picture below). After I got my phone back, I went to type in the password on the lock screen, but I could only type in 16 characters.
>
> 
>
>
>
I saw on [Password too long to type in android device.Locked out from android device manager](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/122291) that mentioned the lock screen would accept the truncated password, but my phone does not unlock with the truncated, 16-character password.
I don't want to resort to a data erase, since I have important texts and memos, and also some contacts I don't want to lose. Is there any solution to this?<issue_comment>username_1: I would try using `Find My Device` again for setting a new 16-character password.
Upvotes: -1 <issue_comment>username_2: For other people with this problem - I found out that sometimes the manufacturer of the phone can unlock it or even back-up your data before a factory reset, if you go to one of their service centers.
In my case, my phone is a Samsung, but my local service center still couldn't do anything because my specific model number wasn't supported. They said they support the "popular" models like the Galaxy S series or the Note series.
So the first step would be to contact the manufacturer and see if they provide repair services for your phone. Otherwise, after this past week of research, it seems the only solution is to factory reset and wipe your data.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/05 | 951 | 3,703 | <issue_start>username_0: Google [has declared EOL for the original Pixel](https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/11/rip-og-pixel-google-ends-support-after-just-three-years/). I got my Pixel for a Google Fi account I use just for travelling, and I'm not really interested in replacing it. Realistically, how much longer can I use my original-release Pixel before it stops functioning?<issue_comment>username_1: Theoretically, the OG Pixel will work indefinitely until there's an irreparable software/hardware issue. Realistically? Depends on how the user takes care of it ;)
"End of Life (EOL)" doesn't mean that the device will end its life. It is just that the manufacturer (in this case, Google) will stop its *support*; no more security & OS updates, and the like.
If the user is adventurous enough, they can unlock the bootloader (warning: will delete all the storage) and flash [custom ROM](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/17152) which at least extends the life a little further. (In addition, [seems it's also compatible with Project Fi](https://forum.xda-developers.com/pixel/help/project-fi-roms-t3831181)).
---
Anecdotal evidence: I'm using Nexus 5 which was released in 2013 (Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich) and EOL in 2016 (Android 6.0 Marshmallow). I flashed Lineage OS after that until it's not maintained (Android 7.1.1 Nougat). As of 2019, the phone is still usable in daily life.
Upvotes: 6 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: If Google declares a device to be "EOL" this simply means that you no longer receive device and security updates.
Therefore your Android devices will not stop working, however after the point of EOL the chance of a security vulnerability that allows to attack you and your data will continuously raise.
However as Google devices can be unlocked easily you don't have to accept this. Unlocking the bootloader allows you to install an OS that does not come from Google, like [LineageOS](https://lineageos.org) (warning: unlocking will erase all user data).
The first Pixel (code name "sailfish") is a [supported device by LineageOS](https://wiki.lineageos.org/devices/sailfish).
Therefore you can download and install LineageOS on your device and again receive updates until LineageOS also drops support for your device.
But there are also some draw backs of unlocking and installing LinegeOS: Some device assume that LineageOS devices are rooted and therefore insecure (they just assume that in general, independendently of the reality). Therefore apps like GooglePay may refuse to work.
Upvotes: 4 <issue_comment>username_3: In one respect it became a potential brick the day after your warranty ended, as it'd doubtless be uneconomical to repair. But it's not going to get 'turned off'. It'll work until it breaks.
I have a Pixel C with unresponsive screen. Effectively a brick. Pity. It was a nice machine.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: In reality, i'd say a few years until it loses his usefulness. I have a 2 old phones that still work if plugged in, but a lot of the apps now fail because the API endpoints changed. Google maps won't load any maps or autocomplete searches, and only shows me a dot on a grey screen if GPS is turned on. YouTube videos wont play anymore, neither with the official app nor via browser. I think the webbrowser has some issues with SSL certificates that are now required everywhere. In the best case you get a message to update your software, but then the google PlayStore tells you that the latest app version is not supported by your android version.
The hardware, phone and text messages might still be working in 10 years, but eventually your apps wont be supported anymore.
Upvotes: 2 |
2019/11/13 | 1,893 | 6,681 | <issue_start>username_0: I own an LG-K430T, and I use it to share internet with my Desktop PC through USB tethering. Or I did it for a year straight until today, when my PC isn't recognizing my phone anymore, neither on Windows 7 nor Ubuntu 18.04.2. It doesn't even allow to share files, since there isn't a pop-up(neither in the phone nor the PC), but the phone does charge. I thought it could be my USB cable that worn off, but using this same USB cable with my sister's Huawei, it does allow to share files/internet. Furthermore, I tried with 3 different USB cables and different ports, and my phone still isn't recognized. Then, I tried it on Ubuntu, and to my surprise, it's still not recognized. So, I think it's safe to say the cable isn't the issue, nor the operative system( Also, I restarted both the phone and the PC) Then , In ubuntu, I tried to enable USB debugging followed by lsusb and nothing yet. My phone was last updated in april 2019 and its android version is 6.0, so I don't have a clue about what's causing the issue, although I'd blame the phone..
On windows,I have tried to update drivers of the 'Unknown device' on Device administration, but it says they are already up-to date
**EDIT:
Answers to comments: lsusb output:**
```
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 007 Device 002: ID 0a12:0001 Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 1004:6344 LG Electronics, Inc. G2 Android Phone [tethering mode]
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 04f9:0413 Brother Industries, Ltd
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 002: ID 04f3:0235 Elan Microelectronics Corp.
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 009 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
```
(THE LG PHONE THAT IS TETHERING IS ANOTHER ONE, DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE WITH THE PROBLEM). So, in short, lsusb doesn't recognize it.
The MTP option looks already enabled
**Further info**
The other day a guy enabled USB debugging on my phone and got his computer to read its files!(He had a version of Windows). When I got home it worked too in my Windows! Then it downloaded some drivers and asked to reboot, which I did. After the reboot, I tried tethering and didn't work(The option to turn on was there, but when turned on, nothing happened). I thought it was because of the USB debugging and disabled developer options completely. Unfortunately, my PC stopped recognizing my phone. I said, "well, at least I can now share files..." but, surprisingly,when I turned USB-debugging back on nothing happened. Now, there is a difference which I observed between his way of activating USB-debug vs my way. It is that in his way the USB-debugging is shown active both on Settings AND in the Notification Panel(in a permanent way, i.e. it doesn't go if I press "clear all" notifications), while when I activate it,no message is shown in the notification Panel. He must have done it differently to give it more priority or something...<issue_comment>username_1: Theoretically, the OG Pixel will work indefinitely until there's an irreparable software/hardware issue. Realistically? Depends on how the user takes care of it ;)
"End of Life (EOL)" doesn't mean that the device will end its life. It is just that the manufacturer (in this case, Google) will stop its *support*; no more security & OS updates, and the like.
If the user is adventurous enough, they can unlock the bootloader (warning: will delete all the storage) and flash [custom ROM](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/17152) which at least extends the life a little further. (In addition, [seems it's also compatible with Project Fi](https://forum.xda-developers.com/pixel/help/project-fi-roms-t3831181)).
---
Anecdotal evidence: I'm using Nexus 5 which was released in 2013 (Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich) and EOL in 2016 (Android 6.0 Marshmallow). I flashed Lineage OS after that until it's not maintained (Android 7.1.1 Nougat). As of 2019, the phone is still usable in daily life.
Upvotes: 6 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: If Google declares a device to be "EOL" this simply means that you no longer receive device and security updates.
Therefore your Android devices will not stop working, however after the point of EOL the chance of a security vulnerability that allows to attack you and your data will continuously raise.
However as Google devices can be unlocked easily you don't have to accept this. Unlocking the bootloader allows you to install an OS that does not come from Google, like [LineageOS](https://lineageos.org) (warning: unlocking will erase all user data).
The first Pixel (code name "sailfish") is a [supported device by LineageOS](https://wiki.lineageos.org/devices/sailfish).
Therefore you can download and install LineageOS on your device and again receive updates until LineageOS also drops support for your device.
But there are also some draw backs of unlocking and installing LinegeOS: Some device assume that LineageOS devices are rooted and therefore insecure (they just assume that in general, independendently of the reality). Therefore apps like GooglePay may refuse to work.
Upvotes: 4 <issue_comment>username_3: In one respect it became a potential brick the day after your warranty ended, as it'd doubtless be uneconomical to repair. But it's not going to get 'turned off'. It'll work until it breaks.
I have a Pixel C with unresponsive screen. Effectively a brick. Pity. It was a nice machine.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: In reality, i'd say a few years until it loses his usefulness. I have a 2 old phones that still work if plugged in, but a lot of the apps now fail because the API endpoints changed. Google maps won't load any maps or autocomplete searches, and only shows me a dot on a grey screen if GPS is turned on. YouTube videos wont play anymore, neither with the official app nor via browser. I think the webbrowser has some issues with SSL certificates that are now required everywhere. In the best case you get a message to update your software, but then the google PlayStore tells you that the latest app version is not supported by your android version.
The hardware, phone and text messages might still be working in 10 years, but eventually your apps wont be supported anymore.
Upvotes: 2 |
2019/11/14 | 938 | 3,736 | <issue_start>username_0: I use a browser as my default, but wish that links to certain domains be opened *by default* with another browser. For example if an app has a button that opens a website it normally opens it in the default browser. For most situations this is fine, but there a few exceptions I would like to change the browser the site opens in.
Is it possible to set "rules" for default app per domain?<issue_comment>username_1: Theoretically, the OG Pixel will work indefinitely until there's an irreparable software/hardware issue. Realistically? Depends on how the user takes care of it ;)
"End of Life (EOL)" doesn't mean that the device will end its life. It is just that the manufacturer (in this case, Google) will stop its *support*; no more security & OS updates, and the like.
If the user is adventurous enough, they can unlock the bootloader (warning: will delete all the storage) and flash [custom ROM](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/17152) which at least extends the life a little further. (In addition, [seems it's also compatible with Project Fi](https://forum.xda-developers.com/pixel/help/project-fi-roms-t3831181)).
---
Anecdotal evidence: I'm using Nexus 5 which was released in 2013 (Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich) and EOL in 2016 (Android 6.0 Marshmallow). I flashed Lineage OS after that until it's not maintained (Android 7.1.1 Nougat). As of 2019, the phone is still usable in daily life.
Upvotes: 6 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: If Google declares a device to be "EOL" this simply means that you no longer receive device and security updates.
Therefore your Android devices will not stop working, however after the point of EOL the chance of a security vulnerability that allows to attack you and your data will continuously raise.
However as Google devices can be unlocked easily you don't have to accept this. Unlocking the bootloader allows you to install an OS that does not come from Google, like [LineageOS](https://lineageos.org) (warning: unlocking will erase all user data).
The first Pixel (code name "sailfish") is a [supported device by LineageOS](https://wiki.lineageos.org/devices/sailfish).
Therefore you can download and install LineageOS on your device and again receive updates until LineageOS also drops support for your device.
But there are also some draw backs of unlocking and installing LinegeOS: Some device assume that LineageOS devices are rooted and therefore insecure (they just assume that in general, independendently of the reality). Therefore apps like GooglePay may refuse to work.
Upvotes: 4 <issue_comment>username_3: In one respect it became a potential brick the day after your warranty ended, as it'd doubtless be uneconomical to repair. But it's not going to get 'turned off'. It'll work until it breaks.
I have a Pixel C with unresponsive screen. Effectively a brick. Pity. It was a nice machine.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: In reality, i'd say a few years until it loses his usefulness. I have a 2 old phones that still work if plugged in, but a lot of the apps now fail because the API endpoints changed. Google maps won't load any maps or autocomplete searches, and only shows me a dot on a grey screen if GPS is turned on. YouTube videos wont play anymore, neither with the official app nor via browser. I think the webbrowser has some issues with SSL certificates that are now required everywhere. In the best case you get a message to update your software, but then the google PlayStore tells you that the latest app version is not supported by your android version.
The hardware, phone and text messages might still be working in 10 years, but eventually your apps wont be supported anymore.
Upvotes: 2 |
2019/11/15 | 624 | 2,587 | <issue_start>username_0: I'd like to install the most recent public version of an app I'm working on. I also happen to be a beta tester.
The page for the app in the Android Play Store has many tells that it is for the internal beta:
>
> You're an internal tester. This app may be insecure or unstable.
>
>
>
How do I switch out of this without removing myself from the beta tester list?<issue_comment>username_1: If you want to go back to the public version, you just have to leave the beta program. Leaving the beta program is done using the page for the application in the Google Play Store. Open the page of the app in the Google Play Store, and scroll down till you something like "You're a beta tester". Just below that title, there should be a button "Leave". Pressing that button will bring you back to the general public version.
Watch out, because some apps don't work that good if you want to go back in version numbers. Could be you have to reinstall the app afterwards.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: One other thing that could prevent getting out of Beta is if you enabled Developer Options on your phone. You have to go to Settings -> System -> Developer Options -> Use developer options (turn off). After that if you already left beta testing group, the app should now show up as non-Beta in Play Store.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: If you have access to the developer console, you can download the most recent public version's APK and install it on your device manually. Type in "App Bundle Explorer" in the search bar at the top of the developer console and you will be able to pick the version to download the APK for. Once you install it on your device, you can test it and then also test upgrading to the version available to the internal testers.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: Uninstall the app from the Play Store.
Then browse the beta tester invitation web page you have received by email when you apply to be a beta internal-tester. There is a blue button link to leave the beta.
The page url looks like [https://play.google.com/apps/internaltest/[some-numeric-id]](https://play.google.com/apps/internaltest/%5Bsome-numeric-id%5D)
You can find the page link at Google Play Console > Your app > Tests > Internal tests > Testers tab > "Copy link" at the bottom.
Then install the app again.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_5: In my case, I just delete myself from the list of users for the internal test from the Play Console.
Then I uninstall the app and delete the cache only.
Then I get (Internal Beta)" removed.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/17 | 715 | 2,923 | <issue_start>username_0: We have a WhatsApp number dedicated to providing training to students all over the world. We have 13191 contacts saved in phone and there are 19103 chats in WhatsApp. We also have 50 broadcast list. We are facing the following issues in WhatsApp,
1. When we set status in WhatsApp, it gets hanged. We need to force stop the app and then restart to use it again. It keeps happening when setting Whatsapp status.
2. When we reply to any chat message, it takes around 5 mins to get reached.
3. When sending any message in a broadcast list, it takes around 10 mins to reach the contacts.
We are using an Android Samsung tablet with a storage of 64GB and 4GB of RAM.
What to do to resolve the above issues?<issue_comment>username_1: If you want to go back to the public version, you just have to leave the beta program. Leaving the beta program is done using the page for the application in the Google Play Store. Open the page of the app in the Google Play Store, and scroll down till you something like "You're a beta tester". Just below that title, there should be a button "Leave". Pressing that button will bring you back to the general public version.
Watch out, because some apps don't work that good if you want to go back in version numbers. Could be you have to reinstall the app afterwards.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: One other thing that could prevent getting out of Beta is if you enabled Developer Options on your phone. You have to go to Settings -> System -> Developer Options -> Use developer options (turn off). After that if you already left beta testing group, the app should now show up as non-Beta in Play Store.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: If you have access to the developer console, you can download the most recent public version's APK and install it on your device manually. Type in "App Bundle Explorer" in the search bar at the top of the developer console and you will be able to pick the version to download the APK for. Once you install it on your device, you can test it and then also test upgrading to the version available to the internal testers.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: Uninstall the app from the Play Store.
Then browse the beta tester invitation web page you have received by email when you apply to be a beta internal-tester. There is a blue button link to leave the beta.
The page url looks like [https://play.google.com/apps/internaltest/[some-numeric-id]](https://play.google.com/apps/internaltest/%5Bsome-numeric-id%5D)
You can find the page link at Google Play Console > Your app > Tests > Internal tests > Testers tab > "Copy link" at the bottom.
Then install the app again.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_5: In my case, I just delete myself from the list of users for the internal test from the Play Console.
Then I uninstall the app and delete the cache only.
Then I get (Internal Beta)" removed.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/21 | 857 | 2,595 | <issue_start>username_0: I am working on IMX8QM with **Android 9**. I needs to configure usb stick on **static mount point.**
Once USB stick detected,
create `sda1`, after check I got:
```
mek_8q:/sdcard # df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/root 1777588 1189664 587924 67% /
tmpfs 2918920 488 2918432 1% /dev
tmpfs 2918920 0 2918920 0% /mnt
/dev/block/mmcblk0p12 249828 58936 190892 24% /vendor
/dev/block/mmcblk0p14 9086336 967628 8118708 11% /data
/data/media 9086336 967628 967628 11% /mnt/runtime/default/emulated
```
```
/dev/block/vold/public:8,1 3918844 1311400 2607444 34% /mnt/media_rw/2A61-DD07
```<issue_comment>username_1: I have a Huawei P30 on Android 9 and a Huawei tablet on Android 8: on both, mount point for the internal drive is: "/storage/emulated/0".
Only the tablet has a SD card mounted, and mount point is "/storage/0000-0000". I see no reason for it would be different for the P30 on Android 9.
If you install Termux (a Unix shell for Android), you can go on both with a normal user and move data here and there :^)
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: You got it correctly, USB OTG sticks are mounted at `/mnt/media_rw/[UUID]`.
[Source](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/vold/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r50/model/PublicVolume.cpp#114):
```
// Use UUID as stable name, if available
std::string stableName = getId();
if (!mFsUuid.empty()) {
stableName = mFsUuid;
}
mRawPath = StringPrintf("/mnt/media_rw/%s", stableName.c_str());
```
For FAT family of filesystems UUID is not the 32 digits long real UUID, but a serial number (8 digit long). So the mount point `vold` creates isn't static since Android 6. UUID (or serial number) of filesystem changes when you change USB stick or re-format it (unless you explicitly set the same UUID when or after creating filesystem). For static mount point you need to modify `vold` source code or mount filesystem manually. For more details see: [How to change random filesystem label on USB OTG?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218477/218526)
SD cards are also emulated form `/mnt/media_rw/[UUID]` to `/storage/[UUID]` but still the path is not static. See details here: [How to move files to external SD card?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218338/218526)
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/11/21 | 632 | 2,789 | <issue_start>username_0: How can two people listen to audio on an Android phone over Bluetooth? I.e. they have two Bluetooth headsets and want to pair both at the same time?<issue_comment>username_1: Apart from soldering 1 Bluetooth receiver output to two Bluetooth transmitter inputs, I cannot see a way to do it with the current Android Bluetooth setup. It only allows one device paired at a time. Could be an interesting hardware project if you are into that kind of thing.
Your phone connects to the Bluetooth receiver, while your two Bluetooth headsets each connects to one of the transmitters.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: As in most things, it depends. In this case, since you do not state your device, I will demonstrate from mine, a Samsung 8, running Android 9 (One UI). It explicitly allows dual Bluetooth through settings. If this is your device, click through to it at
`Settings > Connections > Bluetooth > Advanced > Dual Audio > ON`
The setting allows sound to two different Bluetooth devices.
If your device is different, look for the capability along a similar setting path.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: If budget is not a constraint, and you just want to connect multiple headsets in a fixed location, check out the Plantronics Savi 7xx or 8xxx line of headsets. They are intended to allow monitoring of telemarketing calls, but we use it when my wife and I want to talk on the same mobile phone call.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: Most Android phones do not have the feature that allows more than one device to connect concurrently, but it's probably possible to send audio to two Bluetooth devices with extra hardware.
If your phone has an audio jack, that signal can be split into two using an adapter. That would then have two wired headphones working. You could probably buy the wired splitter for $10 or so.
If your phone has an audio jack and would like to connect two Bluetooth devices, you can buy a *multi-point Bluetooth Transmitter*, also called *Bluetooth transmitter splitter sender*, which allows two devices to pair with it, and you connect the transmitter to the audio out jack of the phone. eBay has them for under $20.
If your phone doesn't have an audio jack, There are many small, rechargeable Bluetooth receivers that can receive audio from your phone. They output on an audio jack, and you could proceed as above. If you need just audio, it would probably be fine, but if you want audio synced with a video you're watching, there would probably be a latency issue with receiving and retransmitting the signal.
It's possible that some company has produced or will produce a single device that offers two Bluetooth connection points for a reasonable price, and that might even address the latency problem.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/11/22 | 1,059 | 3,803 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a RedMi note 7 phone model M1901F7G, running Android 9PKQ1.180904.001; I don't want to root my new phone (it is a gift from my wife, and I don't want risking bricking it).
I am an expert Linux user (since 1993) and developer (e.g. of [bismon](https://github.com/bstarynk/bismon/)), preferring command line things.
The album on the phone contains a `captchas` subdirectory.
The phone is USB plugged to my Debian/Sid AMD2970WX desktop (I have `sudo` access to it). Kernel 5.3. X399 chipset. MSI X399 GAMING PRO CARBON motherboard.
What is the detailed and quickest procedure to transfer the more than hundred JPEG files from the `captchas/` subdirectory on the phone to the `$HOME/Pictures/` subdirectory on the Debian desktop? I will do that occasionally (once a week perhaps), from home, using USB3 cable. But I want to avoid 500 clicks on phone or desktop.
I am able to transfer each individual photos (in about 5 clicks). I want to transfer a hundred of them.
I don't exactly understand the "USB debug mode". Please name free (as in beer) Android applications related that, or finger actions to enable it. I believe it is in the settings menu.
Of course I do like starting `gmtp` on Debian. I don't want an alternative to MTP. I just need to learn how to use it (and likewise for `adb`).
Bear in mind that I am not familiar with Android in practice, and that my sight is not very good (since I am 60 years old - had cataract surgery), and that I am not a native English speaker. But Unix commands, I could teach them even with moderate fever (since my first Unix was SunOS3.2 on Sun3/160 workstation at work around 1987, and I was given `root` and physical access to it). First Linux was Slackware, 0.99.12 kernel, around 1993 (on dozens of floppy disks, i486 motherboard). Getting X11 running at that time required kernel recompilation for the graphics card.
Take into account that (perhaps by mistake) I configured my phone in French. I cannot identify an `Settings` -> `USB debug` or `Settings` -> `Developper Debug` thing. Maybe I should by some app, but which one?<issue_comment>username_1: To pull a folder from the sd card, you can use adb tools using following commands in terminal:
```
cd $HOME/Pictures/
adb pull /sdcard/captchas/
```
It will pull all the files from `/sdcard/captchas/` to your Pictures directory.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: I don't know your model of phone but for the new phone of my wife ( Samsung A70 ), the connexion was not possible any more through USB 2 and i find a new link with USB type C
----><https://www.samsung.com/fr/mobile-accessories/micro-usb-connector-gn930/>
I just mount/open the DCMI folder to find all the pictures.....
Hope this help ;O>)
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: On my new Pixel 5a phone, the USB connection didn't work. So I looked for an FTP client (since my Linux box has an FTP server).
I made sure to forcibly assign an IP address to my phone so I could open the FTP port just for that one device.
I settle on using PowerFTP, but I don't have any recommendation (I did not test anything else, this one works, it's a bit like FileZilla, so easy enough).
The USB method was better (which worked on my old phone), but on my new phone, it's asking for some things that are not going to happen, so instead I use the FTP client.
I think Google prioritize their Google Drive. Maybe in an attempt to get you to go over your limit on start paying a monthly fee. On my end, I don't leave much on my Google Drive at all. Plus, the whole interface is killing me. The FTP is much more straight forward and I don't need the extra step of uploading to the Internet to download back to a local computer (what kind of madness is that?!) especially for large video files...
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/23 | 1,229 | 4,276 | <issue_start>username_0: If I connect my phone via Bluetooth to my car (2016 Toyota Corolla), and then play music using the **Google Play Music** app, the car shows a **Browse** button, which allows me to navigate through artists and albums with the car's buttons:
[](https://www.rav4world.com/threads/which-new-rav4-trim-level-audio-upgrade.282753/page-2)
If I install another app, it doesn't show the Browse button on the car stereo.
Apps that produce a Browse button:
* Google Play Music ☠ ([RIP](https://killedbygoogle.com/))
Apps that do not produce a Browse button:
* AIMP
* BlackPlayer
* Canaree
* FPlay (found by searching for "AVRCP")
* JetAudio (found by searching for "AVRCP")
* kure
* MediaMonkey
* Music [com.maxfour.music]
* Music [com.android.music stock]
* Music Player Go
* Musicolet
* Nyx
* Odyssey
* Omnia
* Oto
* Phonograph
+ Vinyl
* Pretty Good
* Pulsar
* Retro
+ Metro
* Samba Player (found by searching for "AVRCP")
* Shuttle
+ Shuttle+
* Simple Music Player [com.simplemobiletools.musicplayer]
* Timber
* Vanilla
* VLC
* **YouTube Music**
Is there some Bluetooth feature that needs to be supported by an app in order for this button to show up? What is the feature's name? How do I find apps that have it?
This is especially important now that Google has killed off Google Play Music and replaced it with YouTube Music, which does not provide this Browse button on a Bluetooth connection.
If I knew what this function was called, I could try to pester Google, or the third-party app developers, and ask them to add support for it.<issue_comment>username_1: There may be the following solutions, [from Android Authority](https://www.androidauthority.com/problems-google-play-music-fix-745605/):
>
> **Problem #3 – Tracks missing on phone but available on web player**
>
> In the Settings menu, go to Apps or Application Manager, search for Google Play Music. Then tap on “Storage” and then press “Clear
> Cache.” On some devices, you may find this under the “Storage and USB”
> section in the Settings menu. Restart the device, then open the Play
> Music app and all your music should now be available.
>
>
> **Problem #4 – Songs not uploading**
>
>
> Also, make sure that the audio you are trying to upload on Google Music is of a supported format. Supported formats include MP3, AAC
> (.m4a), WMA, FLAC, OGG, ALAC (.m4a), and DRM protected AAC (.m4p).
> Some music file types like WAV are not supported. ... If songs aren’t
> uploading, make sure that the library isn’t full. Currently, you can
> upload up to 50,000 songs to your library. If you have gone past that,
> your only option will be to delete some other tracks to make room for
> new ones.
>
>
>
Hope this helps you!
Upvotes: -1 <issue_comment>username_2: This "browse" feature is probably part of "*Audio/Video Remote Control Profile*" aka AVRCP. AVRCP has different versions with different feature sets. Browsing of playlists was introduced in version AVRCP 1.4 and improved in version 1.5, according to [wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Bluetooth_profiles).
This bluetooth profile must be supported (in the correct version) by the the car stereo, the mobile phone as well as the app.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: The Bluetooth snoop log with the other players shows that the players do not support browsing as part of the GetFolderItems request on AVRCP.That is the reason why browsing is not working with other players.
It shows that browsing support is advertised only with GPM and the player is marked as BluetoothPlayer and not GPM in the snoop log.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_4: I'm going through this AVRCP nightmare last months. The result and my experience is, there must be an Android 8 on the phone (introducing 1.4 AVRCP in this version), but with Android 10 the browsing not working again (Samsung Galaxy A20e). So I search and find a phone with Android 9 (Xiaomi Redmi Note 8T) and using it with the JetAudio HD Music Player Plus in my 2017 Opel Insignia Grand Sport, the Bluetooth music playing work like a charm with browsing, shuffle play etc. and it work with good and strong volume too.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/24 | 1,114 | 3,733 | <issue_start>username_0: <https://developer.android.com/studio/run/managing-avds#system-image> says
>
> To ensure app security and a consistent experience with physical devices, system images with the Google Play Store included are signed with a release key, which means that you cannot get elevated privileges (root) with these images. If you require elevated privileges (root) to aid with your app troubleshooting, you can use the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) system images that do not include Google apps or services.
>
>
>
But what if I wanted both root AND Google services? how could I do that?
Thanks!<issue_comment>username_1: I think thing the best course of action would be to download and install a third-party Android Emulator. If you are on Windows, I would recommend [Bluestacks](https://www.bluestacks.com/). As it can be easily rooted with this tutorial [here](https://sangams.com.np/how-to-root-bluestacks-latest-version/). If you need any help, feel free to reply to this message.
Hope this helps you out!
username_1
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: First go here:
<https://opengapps.org>
I selected this option:
| Platform | Android | Variant |
| --- | --- | --- |
| x86 | 6 | pico |
but newer Android should work as well. Then open Android Studio. On "Select
Hardware" screen, select a device without "Play Store" icon.
With Google APIs
----------------
On "System Image" screen, I selected this option:
| API Level | ABI | Target |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 24 | x86 | Android 7 Google APIs |
but newer APIs should work as well. You should only need one file from the Zip
archive:
```
Core\vending-x86.tar.lz
```
Inside this will be another file:
```
vending-x86\nodpi\priv-app\Phonesky\Phonesky.apk
```
Now, start the device:
```
emulator -list-avds
emulator -avd Pixel_3a_XL_API_24 -writable-system
```
Next, install Google Play Store. Note that you cannot use the normal method of
drag APK to device screen, or you will get one of these errors:
```
The APK failed to install.
Error: Could not parse error string
The APK failed to install.
Error: INSTALL_FAILED_UPDATE_INCOMPATIBLE:
Package com.android.vending signatures do not match the previously installed
version; ignoring!
The APK failed to install.
Error: INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_NO_CERTIFICATES:
Failed to collect certificates from /data/app/vmdl1047870024.tmp/base.apk:
META-INF/BNDLTOOL.SF indicates /data/app/vmdl1047870024.tmp/base.apk is signed
using APK Signature Scheme v2, but no such signature was found. Signature
stripped?
```
Install like this:
```
adb root
adb remount
adb push Phonesky.apk /system/priv-app
adb reboot
```
After reboot, you should then be able to start Google Play Store as normal.
Without Google APIs
-------------------
Using the method above with Google APIs image, you still get some apps such as
YouTube. If you want to install different version of one of these apps, use
this method. On "System Image" screen, I selected this option:
| API Level | ABI | Target |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 24 | x86 | Android 7 |
but newer APIs should work as well. You need these files from the Zip archive:
```
Core\gmscore-x86.tar.lz
Core\vending-x86.tar.lz
```
Then extract these from the above files:
```
gmscore-x86\nodpi\priv-app\PrebuiltGmsCore\PrebuiltGmsCore.apk
vending-x86\nodpi\priv-app\Phonesky\Phonesky.apk
```
Use the same method above to install the APKs. After reboot, you should then be
able to install YouTube or whatever app. Note that unlike above, you dont
actually need to run the Google Play setup or even start the Google Play app at
the end.
External links
--------------
<https://github.com/89z/googleplay/blob/f98b78a7/docs/play-store.md>
Upvotes: 2 |
2019/11/24 | 557 | 2,236 | <issue_start>username_0: Setup:
* OnePlus 5t, Android 9.0, not rooted
* Bluetooth 5.0 headset with one media button
A single tab on the media button starts the Google Voice Control / Assistant, there is no way to change a tab on the button to play/pause for example - on the headset's side.
The only software solution to disable Google Voice popping up always when I press the button was to disable the Google-App completely. But this stops the media-button from working completely.
After hours of trying, searching nothing worked for me.
My goal is to archive that a tab leads to play/pause music.<issue_comment>username_1: I solved my issue by using a app called `AutoVoice` in combination with `Tasker`.
In Android Settings, `Apps, Default Apps, Assist & Voice Input` I selected AutoVoice.
In Tasker I created a Profile which is a `Event` triggered by `Plugins > AutoVoice > AutoVoice BT Pressed` and the connected Task contains only `Media Control`, `Switch Pause`, `Simulate Media Key` is activated and I selected a music app as `App`, in my case Spotify.
This works just fine.
Let me know if you have the same problem and have issues with my solution.
Upvotes: 2 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: The solution for me was to use MacroDroid:
1. Add Trigger - User Input - Volume Button Pressed - (Select the method) - (Select "Volume Up" or "Volume Down") - Retain Previous Volume
2. Add Action - Media - Control Media - (Select Media Control Type) - (Select "Next" or "Previous")
3. Add Constraint - Connectivity - Bluetooth State - Device Connected - (Select Device Connected)
On top of that, you can add a macro to turn off Bluetooth when you turn off your Bluetooth headphones
Works with a locked screen *without root*, but for some reason, only the next track works properly. Physical volume up and down (on phone) works just fine but it's enough for me. If you want to change the volume, just pause the music and the volume buttons will work as intended.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: I am an idiot. Just discovered if you double tap the left earbud it rewinds and right earbud fast forwards. These are Axloie $35 earbuds. Surprised. Haven't seen mention to this in the documentation.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/24 | 615 | 2,366 | <issue_start>username_0: I have installed several "NFC tools" apps, and I am able to **read** a NFC door card. It seems to be able to duplicate it (when I'll have a blank NFC card) or even **write** new NFC tags.
But I'd like to do something else:
**How to make my Android device act as a NFC tag?**
Example: since I can read and get the hexadecimal codes from my NFC door card, I'd like to make my smartphone *act as a NFC card*, so that, if I forget my door card, my smartphone could serve as a NFC tag.
How to do this?
PS: it is surely possible, because when paying with a smartphone ("contactless payment with phone"), the smartphone *acts as a NFC device indeed* for another reader (typically the shop credit card reader).<issue_comment>username_1: I solved my issue by using a app called `AutoVoice` in combination with `Tasker`.
In Android Settings, `Apps, Default Apps, Assist & Voice Input` I selected AutoVoice.
In Tasker I created a Profile which is a `Event` triggered by `Plugins > AutoVoice > AutoVoice BT Pressed` and the connected Task contains only `Media Control`, `Switch Pause`, `Simulate Media Key` is activated and I selected a music app as `App`, in my case Spotify.
This works just fine.
Let me know if you have the same problem and have issues with my solution.
Upvotes: 2 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: The solution for me was to use MacroDroid:
1. Add Trigger - User Input - Volume Button Pressed - (Select the method) - (Select "Volume Up" or "Volume Down") - Retain Previous Volume
2. Add Action - Media - Control Media - (Select Media Control Type) - (Select "Next" or "Previous")
3. Add Constraint - Connectivity - Bluetooth State - Device Connected - (Select Device Connected)
On top of that, you can add a macro to turn off Bluetooth when you turn off your Bluetooth headphones
Works with a locked screen *without root*, but for some reason, only the next track works properly. Physical volume up and down (on phone) works just fine but it's enough for me. If you want to change the volume, just pause the music and the volume buttons will work as intended.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: I am an idiot. Just discovered if you double tap the left earbud it rewinds and right earbud fast forwards. These are Axloie $35 earbuds. Surprised. Haven't seen mention to this in the documentation.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/25 | 808 | 3,385 | <issue_start>username_0: I am shopping for a new phone and it seems that my beloved notification LED has fallen out of favor, so I am willing to settle with Always on Display (AoD) as a second best.
I have been reading some and I understand that AoD is linked to AMOLED screens because in those you can "turn on" individual pixels, making it an energy draw small enough for it to be reasonable.
Now, I am browsing through GsmArena and I find that for AMOLED phones, some of them are qualified as having the AoD characteristic yet others do not show it.
Is it just because of some AMOLED phones being shipped without having the software option to use that feature (meaning that it could be added through third party software) or there are some hardware/firmware specs that make AoD unusable (either because it does not work or uses too much energy) if they are not present?
In short, I would like to know if I could add an AoD app to any AMOLED phone without expecting to suffer significant problems.<issue_comment>username_1: Yes but also no.
Basically, AoD is purely software. It does not require special hardware (you can even use it on an LCD screen, although it will use significantly more power and does not make much sense). This is why there are plenty apps available that let you keep your screen on.
At the same time I would also answer the question with no, because even though it is purely software, it's not just an "app". If you use one of those AoD apps, they will keep your device awake. All the time. This will use a lot more power compared to a device with AoD out of the box, which still allows the device to go to sleep while keeping the screen on, which saves a lot of energy.
However, depending on the device and how aggressive the power management is, you might not notice much of a difference. On my OnePlus 5, with fairly aggressive energy saving options, an aftermarket AoD app does not use a whole lot of power (about 1% to 2% of the daily power draw - comparable to a couple of minutes of surfing with Google Chrome).
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: Aftermarket AoD may be even more energy-efficient than built-in AoD
===================================================================
The Samsung Galaxy S7 has an AMOLED screen, and has Always on Display (AoD) functionality built into the firmware.
Wikipedia's "Always on Display" article [states](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Always_on_Display#Battery_impact) that the S7's AoD feature increases power consumption by about 3%. This is because pixels, sensors, and processors all consume energy while the AoD display is visible.
username_1's answer says that his OnePlus 5's aftermarket AoD app increases power consumption by just 1–2%. Perhaps his app uses fewer CPU or network resources than Samsung's AoD software. This, in turn, may allow Walter's phone to idle more CPU cores or to spend less energy on Internet access.
In conclusion: On an AMOLED phone, aftermarket AoD may be equally energy-efficient, or even more energy-efficient, than manufacturer AoD.
But ambient display is the most energy-efficient of all
=======================================================
The Wikipedia article adds that an "ambient display" solution is even more energy-efficient than AoD, since an "ambient display" is only visible when there are notifications present.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/25 | 185 | 578 | <issue_start>username_0: How do I install [Vim text editor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vim_(text_editor)) in Android?<issue_comment>username_1: [DroidVim](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.droidvim&hl=en) is a Vim clone text editor ported for Android. Vim 8 (huge version, multi language), grep, diff and ctags are ready to use.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/IyY1V.jpg "Vim")
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: Type "pkg install vim" in any Android emulator like termux.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/26 | 2,910 | 9,170 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a Sony device that supports `treble` and is a `system-as-root` and `A/B` device. It has a user-debug ROM installed on it so, its adb shell is rooted.
I have disabled `dm-verity` using `adb disable-verity` after running `adb root` and `adb remount` commands.
As documented [here](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/android-9.0.0_r42/init/selinux.cpp#24), this device also has `split` policies at `/system/etc/selinux`(the 'plat' portion of the policy) and `/vendor/etc/selinux`(the 'nonplat' portion of the policy).
I am trying to run `test.sh` using following init script:
```
#/etc/init/m_daemon.rc
# define service, use executable here if script not needed
service m_daemon /system/xbin/test.sh
# don't start unless explicitly asked to
disabled
# Use `seclabel u:r:magisk:s0` to run with unrestricted SELinux context to avoid avc denials
# can also use "u:r:su:s0" on userdebug / eng builds if no Magisk.
# It's required if SELinux is enforcing and service needs access
# to some system resources not allowed by default sepolicy
# seclabel u:object_r:qlogd_exec:s0
seclabel u:r:su:s0
# start the service when the boot is completed
on property:sys.boot_completed=1
# Use it to start the service
start m_daemon
```
`/system/xbin/test.sh` file has the following contents:
```
#!/system/bin/sh
echo `date` > /sdcard/test
```
When the device reboot then it fails to run with the following error:
>
> [202.932913 / 11-26 20:21:04.074](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/218913/how-to-extract-magiskpolicy-from-magiskinit64) audit: type=1400 audit(1574763664.074:213): avc: denied { transition } for pid=8534 comm="init" path="/system/xbin/test.sh" dev="sda24" ino=8150 scontext=u:r:init:s0 tcontext=u:r:su:s0 tclass=process permissive=0
>
>
> [202.933268 / 11-26 20:21:04.074](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/218913/how-to-extract-magiskpolicy-from-magiskinit64) init: cannot execve('/system/xbin/test.sh'): Permission denied
>
>
>
To fix it, I have used `sepolicy-inject` and run the following commands:
```
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p transition -P /sys/fs/selinux/policy -l
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p noatsecure -P /sys/fs/selinux/policy -l
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p rlimitinh -P /sys/fs/selinux/policy -l
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p siginh -P /sys/fs/selinux/policy -l
```
but these needs to be run again after reboot.
So, I have tried to patch `precompiled_sepolicy` using following commands:
```
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p transition -P /vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy -l
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p noatsecure -P /vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy -l
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p rlimitinh -P /vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy -l
sepolicy-inject -s init -t su -c process -p siginh -P /vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy -l
```
but the policies are not injected: neither live nor after reboot.
To test, I am just checking the date in `/sdcard/test` file.
So, I just want to know:
* Why patching `precompiled_policy` didn't work?
* Where to patch the required policies using rooted adb shell that should persist after a reboot?<issue_comment>username_1: To patch the policies, do the following:
1. Change the value in `/system/etc/selinux/plat_and_mapping_sepolicy.cil.sha256` OR empty this file.
2. Inject required policies in `/system/etc/selinux/plat_sepolicy.cil`
3. "Loading compiled SELinux policy" should show in logs and the init service will run fine.
Upvotes: 2 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: As I believe the answer answer your questions, here is a shameless copy/paste of my answer to [this question](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/215010/how-to-make-selinux-injected-rules-persistent-without-unpacking-packing-boot-img):
*Note that this answer will focus solely on Android 9 to 13 and Treble devices.*
If we want to know how to modify the SELinux policies, I believe it is good to first understand how the policies are loaded in the first place.
**SELinux in the boot process**
At an early stage of the Android boot process and after mounting most of the partitions, `init` will attempt to load the SELinux policies from a monolithic sepolicy file found at either `/odm/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy` or `/vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy`. If `init` notices that the device is updated out of sync, `init` will instead recompile the SELinux policies based on `.cil` files that can be found on several locations.
You can find all the details in the comments of the [init/selinux.cpp](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/heads/android11-release/init/selinux.cpp) source file and by looking at the implementation, but here is a summary of the exact steps taken by `init`:
1. Find the sepolicy file to use:
* if `/odm/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy` exists, use it as the sepolicy file to use
* else, if `/vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy` exists, use it as the sepolicy file to use
* else if neither of the above exists, stop here, recompile the policies based on the `.cil` files and load the newly compiled sepolicy file.
2. Check if device was updated out of sync:
* Compare `/(odm|vendor)/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy.plat_sepolicy_and_mapping.sha256` and `/system/etc/selinux/plat_sepolicy_and_mapping.sha256`
* Compare `/(odm|vendor)/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy.system_ext_sepolicy_and_mapping.sha256` and `/system_ext/etc/selinux/system_ext_sepolicy_and_mapping.sha256`
* Compare `/(odm|vendor)/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy.product_sepolicy_and_mapping.sha256` and `/product/etc/selinux/product_sepolicy_and_mapping.sha256`
* (On Android 13) Compare `/(odm|vendor)/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy.apex_sepolicy.sha256` and `/dev/selinux/apex_sepolicy.sha256`
* if any of the above pair of files do not match, stop here, recompile the policies based on the `.cil` files and load the newly compiled sepolicy file.
3. If everything is ok, load the precompiled sepolicy file (`/odm/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy` or `/vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy`)
The compilation of the policies based on the `.cil` files is as follows:
1. Get the latest version of the policies that are compatible with the `vendor` version (`/vendor/etc/selinux/plat_sepolicy_vers.txt`, note that `init` does not look at the file in the `/odm` partition)
2. Gather the `.cil` files to compile:
* `/system/etc/selinux/mapping/{vendor_version}.cil`
* `/system/etc/selinux/mapping/{vendor_version}.compat.cil`
* `/system_ext/etc/selinux/system_ext_sepolicy.cil`
* `/system_ext/etc/selinux/mapping/{vendor_version}.cil`
* `/product/etc/selinux/product_sepolicy.cil`
* `/product/etc/selinux/mapping/{vendor_version}.cil`
* `/vendor/etc/selinux/plat_pub_versioned.cil`
* `/vendor/etc/selinux/vendor_sepolicy.cil` or if it does not exist: `/vendor/etc/selinux/nonplat_sepolicy.cil`
* `/odm/etc/selinux/odm_sepolicy.cil`
3. Compile the above files with `secilc` to `/dev/sepolicy.XXXXXX`
4. Load policies from `/dev/sepolicy.XXXXXX`
**Modifying SELinux policies permantently**
Now that we understand how `init` loads the policies, it is easy to see how one could permanently add new policies to the system:
* Directly add the policies to `/odm/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy` or `/vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy` with `sepolicy-inject`:
```
sepolicy-inject -s su -t system_file -c file -p entrypoint -P /vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy -o /vendor/etc/selinux/precompiled_sepolicy
```
* Make `init` thinks the device is updated out of sync (By modifying one of the above `.sha256` files, or deleting the precompiled sepolicy files) and modify one of the above `.cil` files
Note that in both cases, you will need to have a read-write access to the partition you want to modify (`/vendor`, `/odm`, and/or `/system`). These partitions are normally mounted as read-only, so you will have to either:
* Remount them as read-write if you have root access (either because your device is rooted, or using `adb root` on a `userdebug` Android build)
* Boot in recovery mode, mount the partitions as read-write and modify them in recovery
+ [This update-package template](https://github.com/username_2/android-flashable-zip) I made may interest you there
If you do not want to have to remount the partitions every time you want to change the SELinux policies, you can add some SELinux rules to allow `init` to load new policies, thereby resolving the chicken and egg problem (as mentioned in [this excellent answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/215010/how-to-make-selinux-injected-rules-persistent-without-unpacking-packing-boot-img/215395#215395)) you had with your `init` script. You can find which SELinux rules are needed by searching for SELinux violations (avc errors) in the device logs on startup:
```
adb logcat | grep avc
```
With this, you will be able to have an `init` script that loads new policies with `sepolicy-inject`.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/11/27 | 1,215 | 4,344 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a PDF on the folder `ExtSD/Documents/`. I need to make a shortcut of this file to the folder `ExtSD/CurrentlyReading/`.
So simple on Windows... Apparently never asked on Android.
If it's of any use, my explorer is ES File Explorer V4.0.
XPosed available.<issue_comment>username_1: Shortcuts are Links in linux, and while in a terminal, or X its fairly easy - there's no easy way in the android UI.
youre better off just making a new folder, or getting a reader that supports a reading list.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: **"Shortcut"** is a purely Windows concept. It's an ordinary file (with `.lnk` extension) which contains a reference to some other file or folder. Windows Explorer and other programs know how to open the actual file by reading reference information from shortcut file, just like as they know how to open a `.pdf` or `.mp4` file. Other operating systems do not know what a `.lnk` file is, because phenomenon of mounting partitions and hence file paths are different across different OSes.
At filesystem level, Windows' NTFS supports **junction points**, **symbolic links** and **hard links** ([1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS_links)). But **FAT** family (including `exFAT`) supports none ([2](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/filesystem-functionality-comparison?redirectedfrom=MSDN#functionality)).
Android is based on Linux kernel. Linux's native filesystems (like `ext4`) support hard links and soft (symbolic) links. For non-native filesystems (like `FAT`) it depends on the filesystem driver. [**`exfat`**](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTQzODQ) driver (for `exFAT` filesystem) supports symlinks, but FUSE based [**`exfat-fuse`**](https://github.com/relan/exfat) does not. So is the old [**`vfat`**](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/refs/heads/android-4.19/fs/fat/Kconfig#60) driver (for `FAT[N]` filesystems). New [**`sdfat`**](https://github.com/cryptomilk/kernel-sdfat) driver (for `FAT[N]`/`exFAT` filesystems) from Samsung does have optional symlink support for `FAT[N]` filesystems as well. After MS [open-sourced](https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/opensource/2019/08/28/exfat-linux-kernel/) `exFAT`, mainstream Linux driver is also based on `sdfat` ([3](https://github.com/arter97/exfat-linux/)).
However that's not the end. External SD cards are usually formatted as `FAT32` or `exFAT`, so they may support symlinks depending on the driver being used. But Android does not expose actual filesystem to apps, instead it's emulated using **FUSE** or **`sdcardfs`**. Emulation is another twisted story (basically a permission-less filesystem to make sharing files among different apps/UIDs possible), see detail in [Android's Storage Journey](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218469/218526) and [What is /storage/emulated/0/?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205494/218526).
FUSE drivers may support symlinks (if the underlying filesystem does), but [Android's FUSE implementation](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-8.1.0_r70/sdcard/sdcard.cpp#55) does not. So is the in-kernel [`sdcardfs` implementation](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/refs/heads/android-4.19/fs/sdcardfs/inode.c#792).
So in short, for the most cases, you cannot create symlinks on external SD cards as well as internal SD card. You will get ***"Operation not permitted"*** or ***"Function not implemented"*** or similar errors. On rooted devices a commonly used alternative is bind-mounts. See details in [How can I make a symlink (or equivalent) inside /storage/emulated/0?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/203989/218526)
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: i can do it manually using a freeware app caled MixPlorer but getting it done automatically. not easy to do. getting it done automatically or from inside Tasker is a lot more elusive
ideally a solution can be found to make a hardlink (not symbolic link) to a JPG file so that A.JPG and B.JPG will show the same thumbnails in both folder summer and folder vacation. deleting one of them doesn't delete the other one. either one will still work as long there is still one copy is left. still trying to find a way to create hardlink on Android, preferrably automatically or from inside Tasker
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/11/27 | 4,445 | 12,116 | <issue_start>username_0: Is it possible to enable the "Reader View" of Chrome for Android, when Chrome doesn't offer it?
---
On iOS, Safari leaves the choice entirely to the user, who has to click a button – which is good, as Chrome's popup-bar is a bit distracting, and especially because it means that the user is free to enable it on any website.
In Firefox, the button isn't always offered, but [display of the Reader mode can be forced with `about:reader?url=URL`](https://superuser.com/questions/1113362/is-there-a-way-to-force-enable-reader-view-in-firefox-on-pages-where-the-icon-do), which can easily be turned into a bookmarklet.
But for Chrome, I couldn't find any option of forcing Reader View yet, and more often than not it isn't offered on the very articles, where it would help the most, such as those with bad color choices and overly obstrusive ads.<issue_comment>username_1: **Technically, it is possible to request on-demand reader view (also known as "simplified view") on Chrome for Android.**
Chrome uses [DOM Distiller](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/dom-distiller/) to determine if a page is worth to be simplified, then simplify and render it as a new page if requested.
There are a few ways to load a URL in reader view:
1. (Manual) from **`chrome://dom-distiller`**, a debug page that allows a user to input a URL and force load it in simplified mode.
2. (Possible idea for automation) **a unique URL for every simplified page**, which can be directly accessed from the address bar.
```
chrome-distiller://\_/?url=
```
Where:
* `UUID`: [Universally unique identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier). By default, it uses UUIDv4 (random), but any UUID works, including nil UUID (`00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000`)
* `HASH`: SHA-256 of `URL`
* `URL`: target URL (optionally, [percent-encoded](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding) for safety).
Example URL for this page:
```
chrome-distiller://00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000_07036109224c60335e35e3b4c22dd02cf775f69d4430245c4c454aff570d6787/?url=https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/218970
```
---
Additional reading:
* [Ctrl blog - The many URI schemas used by the browsers’ “Reader Views”](https://www.ctrl.blog/entry/browser-reading-view-uri.html)
* [Chromium.org Google Group - [Android] [Reader mode]Instant reader mode for new tab or WebView](https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/d/msg/chromium-dev/sEyvpVA4g9k/kuafzjZ0AwAJ)
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: **They just seem to have moved and renamed it**.
You can now find it under *Settings | Accessibility | Simplified view for web pages*
(thanks to [enquirer at reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/chrome/comments/eaqpjr/reader_mode_gone/fb2yfcd/) for pointing me in that direction)
Upvotes: -1 <issue_comment>username_3: You can make it appear on every webpage by enabling it in `chrome://flags/#reader-mode-heuristics`
so, enable it when you need it, and disable when you're done as it would appear on every page.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_4: #reader-mode-heuristics works but inconsistent.
Chrome Android version 101 with `chrome://flags/#reader-mode-heuristics` set to `Always` only works some of the time.
e.g. Opening the [BBC News](https://www.bbc.com/news) main page shows the Reader View Prompt. But after dismissing the prompt and following a link on the main page to a specific article there is no Reader View Prompt for that page.
But, with the article page open, closing Chrome and then restarting it does cause the prompt to appear.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_5: It is possible if you have the **Xposed framework** installed.
I write the Xposed module [ChromeXt](https://github.com/JingMatrix/ChromeXt), which adds the reader moder item to the page menu.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_6: I have implemented a bookmarklet style solution described here:
<https://gist.github.com/hughpearse/9454406ad43116dfaef8c43e7eac84f4>
1. Original code and explanation ([username_6](https://android.stackexchange.com/users/360428/hugh-pearse))
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In chrome on android the "Simplified Page" feature does not have a button. If for some reason the browser decides not to display the layover toast message to access this feature, then the user is unable to enter "simplified view". The solution to this problem has been discussed before on Stack Overflow here, where they suggest opening a url to access a local resource on the browser cache. The local resource URL is formatted as follows:
```
chrome-distiller://\_/?url=
```
It is not permitted to perform a javascript redirect to a local resource in the browser, however it is possible to display the URL as text.
```
javascript:function customModulo(r,o){const a=Math.floor(r/o);const t=r-o*a;return t}var sha256=function r(o){function a(r,o){return r>>>o|r<<32-o}var t=Math.pow;var n=t(2,32);var v="length";var f,e;var c="";var i=[];var u=o[v]*8;var l=r.h=r.h||[];var s=r.k=r.k||[];var h=s[v];var d={};for(var w=2;h<64;w++){if(!d[w]){for(f=0;f<313;f+=w){d[f]=w}l[h]=t(w,.5)*n|0;s[h++]=t(w,1/3)*n|0}}o+="\x80";while(customModulo(o[v],64)-56)o+="\0";for(f=0;f>8)return;i[f>>2]|=e<>>3)+M[f-7]+(a(S,17)^a(S,19)^S>>>10)|0}var C=l[7]+(a(A,6)^a(A,11)^a(A,25))+(A&l[5]^~A&l[6])+s[f]+M[f];var b=(a(p,2)^a(p,13)^a(p,22))+(p&l[1]^p&l[2]^l[1]&l[2]);l=[C+b|0].concat(l);l[4]=l[4]+C|0}for(f=0;f<8;f++){l[f]=l[f]+g[f]|0}}for(f=0;f<8;f++){for(e=3;e+1;e--){var j=l[f]>>e\*8&255;c+=function(){if(j<16){return"0"+j.toString(16)}else{return j.toString(16)}}()}}return c};var readerUrl="chrome-distiller://00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000\_"+sha256(window.location.href)+decodeURIComponent("/%3Furl=")+window.location.href;window.location=readerUrl;
```
It is also tricky to open a bookmarklet in Chrome on Android. The process is described here.
To use:
Save this bookmark to Chrome in Android, then open a web page you want to read, then search in the address bar for the bookmarklet, and then open it.
2. Extended code and explanation ([kdb](https://android.stackexchange.com/users/37952/kdb))
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Changing `location.href` is disallowed by security policies. I updated the script to use the clipboard instead.
### 2.1. Minified version for bookmarklet use
```
javascript:/* Chrome Reader View.js - 10:25:07 2023-07-31 */(function(){ main();function main(){document.head.innerHTML="";document.body.innerHTML=""+"Copy to Clipboard";let inp=document.getElementById("reader-url-input");let but=document.getElementById("reader-url-button");inp.value=readerViewUrl();but.addEventListener("click",copyReaderUrl);copyReaderUrl();function copyReaderUrl(){inp.select();inp.setSelectionRange(0,99999);navigator.clipboard.writeText(inp.value);}location.href=readerViewUrl();}function readerViewUrl(){return"chrome-distiller:/"+"/00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000_"+sha256(window.location.href)+"/?url="+window.location.href;}function customModulo(r,o){let a=Math.floor(r/o);let t=r-o*a;return t}function sha256(o){let r=sha256;function a(r,o){return r>>>o|r<<32-o}var t=Math.pow;var n=t(2,32);var v="length";var f,e;var c="";var i=[];var u=o[v]*8;var l=r.h=r.h||[];var s=r.k=r.k||[];var h=s[v];var d={};for(var w=2;h<64;w++){if(!d[w]){for(f=0;f<313;f+=w){d[f]=w}l[h]=t(w,.5)*n|0;s[h++]=t(w,1/3)*n|0}}o+="\x80";while(customModulo(o[v],64)-56)o+="\0";for(f=0;f>8)return;i[f>>2]|=e<>>3)+M[f-7]+(a(S,17)^ a(S,19)^ S>>>10)|0}var C=l[7]+(a(A,6)^ a(A,11)^ a(A,25))+(A&l[5]^ ~A&l[6])+s[f]+M[f];var b=(a(p,2)^ a(p,13)^ a(p,22))+(p&l[1]^ p&l[2]^ l[1]&l[2]);l=[C+b|0].concat(l);l[4]=l[4]+C|0}for(f=0;f<8;f++){l[f]=l[f]+g[f]|0}}for(f=0;f<8;f++){for(e=3;e+1;e--){var j=l[f]>>e\*8&255;c+=function(){if(j<16){return"0"+j.toString(16)}else{return j.toString(16)}}()}}return c};})();undefined;
```
### 2.2. Formatted source code
```
// Script overall based on [hp01]. Updated 2023/07/31 by kdb.
//
// Usage
// 1. Add minified version (one-liner starting with javascript:) as a bookmarklet.
// 2. Invoke the bookmarklet by typing the name into the address bar on mobile.
// 3. On mobile, the cliboard should now contain the chrome-distiller:// URL.
// If it does not, click the copy-to-clipboard button.
// 4. Paste into the URL bar and press Enter. Beware: "the link you copied" does *not* work,
// as that will extract the http[s]:// part out of the URL instead of using the chrome-distiller:// URL.
//
// References
// [hp01] https://gist.github.com/hughpearse/9454406ad43116dfaef8c43e7eac84f4
// [w301] https://www.w3schools.com/howto/howto_js_copy_clipboard.asp
main();
function main() {
// We cannot directly write to the clipboard without a user interaction context,
// so an pattern is used.
//
// On Chrome for Android, invoking a bookmarklet already enables
// permissions for writing to the clipboard, so the function is invoked immediately.
document.head.innerHTML = "";
document.body.innerHTML =
"" +
"Copy to Clipboard";
const inp = document.getElementById("reader-url-input");
const but = document.getElementById("reader-url-button");
inp.value = readerViewUrl();
but.addEventListener("click", copyReaderUrl);
copyReaderUrl();
function copyReaderUrl() {
inp.select();
inp.setSelectionRange(0, 99999); // For mobile according to [w301]
navigator.clipboard.writeText(inp.value);
}
// Changing the href will most likely fail due to security
// policies of Chrome, but is left in case it works at some point.
location.href = readerViewUrl();
}
function readerViewUrl() {
// Code from [hp01], but simplified/reformatted.
// The pattern "/"+"/" is a hack due to my minification script stripping out "//..." patterns.
return "chrome-distiller:/"+"/00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000_"
+ sha256(window.location.href)
+ "/?url=" + window.location.href;
}
function customModulo(r, o) {
// Unchanged from [hp01].
const a = Math.floor(r / o);
const t = r - o * a;
return t
}
function sha256(o) {
// Unchanged from [hp01].
const r = sha256;
function a(r, o) {
return r >>> o | r << 32 - o
}
var t = Math.pow;
var n = t(2, 32);
var v = "length";
var f, e;
var c = "";
var i = [];
var u = o[v] * 8;
var l = r.h = r.h || [];
var s = r.k = r.k || [];
var h = s[v];
var d = {};
for (var w = 2; h < 64; w++) {
if (!d[w]) {
for (f = 0; f < 313; f += w) {
d[f] = w
}
l[h] = t(w, .5) * n | 0;
s[h++] = t(w, 1 / 3) * n | 0
}
}
o += "\x80";
while (customModulo(o[v], 64) - 56) o += "\0";
for (f = 0; f < o[v]; f++) {
e = o.charCodeAt(f);
if (e >> 8) return;
i[f >> 2] |= e << customModulo(3 - f, 4) * 8
}
i[i[v]] = u / n | 0;
i[i[v]] = u;
for (e = 0; e < i[v];) {
var M = i.slice(e, e += 16);
var g = l;
l = l.slice(0, 8);
for (f = 0; f < 64; f++) {
var m = f + e;
var k = M[f - 15],
S = M[f - 2];
var p = l[0],
A = l[4];
if (f < 16) {
M[f] = M[f]
} else {
M[f] = M[f - 16] + (a(k, 7) ^ a(k, 18) ^ k >>> 3) + M[f - 7] + (a(S, 17) ^ a(S, 19) ^ S >>> 10) | 0
}
var C = l[7] + (a(A, 6) ^ a(A, 11) ^ a(A, 25)) + (A & l[5] ^ ~A & l[6]) + s[f] + M[f];
var b = (a(p, 2) ^ a(p, 13) ^ a(p, 22)) + (p & l[1] ^ p & l[2] ^ l[1] & l[2]);
l = [C + b | 0].concat(l);
l[4] = l[4] + C | 0
}
for (f = 0; f < 8; f++) {
l[f] = l[f] + g[f] | 0
}
}
for (f = 0; f < 8; f++) {
for (e = 3; e + 1; e--) {
var j = l[f] >> e * 8 & 255;
c += function() {
if (j < 16) {
return "0" + j.toString(16)
} else {
return j.toString(16)
}
}()
}
}
return c
};
```
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/01 | 431 | 1,551 | <issue_start>username_0: Samsung Galaxy Note 9 running on Android 9 stores all old clipboard entries which requires me to manually delete it every time.
How can I opt-out of this "feature"?<issue_comment>username_1: After a long while and more serious privacy flops I had, I found a solution to this security breach of Samsung ([Credit](https://www.reddit.com/r/AndroidQuestions/comments/bxw0tm/is_it_possible_to_disable_the_clipboard_history/)).
1. Install `adb` on your computer ([manual](https://wiki.lineageos.org/adb_fastboot_guide.html#on-windows))
2. Setup adb access (e.g. USB Debugging) on your device ([manual](https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb#Enabling))
3. Launch `adb shell` and execute the following commands:
* `pm uninstall --user 0 com.samsung.clipboardsaveservice`
* `pm uninstall --user 0 com.samsung.android.clipboarduiservice`
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: Not tested because I am not rooted
ClipboardSaveService and ClipboardUI are made to keep copies of the Clipboard, and your system copy functionality will break if you disable/uninstall them (You need a ported AOSP version to let it only copy once and to make it be stored in the RAM not stored in the NAND)
You can use an Automation software (like Automate or Tasker) to delete "/data/Clipboard" files after you paste. (Yes this is the directory that Samsung store the files in it instead of RAM)
Upvotes: -1 |
2019/12/03 | 475 | 1,857 | <issue_start>username_0: I have been provided a device for a telephone carrier that cannot be joined automatically. When the Sim is inserted into another phone, it cannot find/connect to the network. Due to the nature of the network I am on, and given I was supplied the phone from the telephone carrier, I believe its customized in some way.
I want to use this network and sim card, but on a better phone (Razer Phone 2).
Is there some mechanism I can use to transfer all settings from one phone to the other, including whatever secret settings the carrier may have setup prior to handing out the devices?<issue_comment>username_1: After a long while and more serious privacy flops I had, I found a solution to this security breach of Samsung ([Credit](https://www.reddit.com/r/AndroidQuestions/comments/bxw0tm/is_it_possible_to_disable_the_clipboard_history/)).
1. Install `adb` on your computer ([manual](https://wiki.lineageos.org/adb_fastboot_guide.html#on-windows))
2. Setup adb access (e.g. USB Debugging) on your device ([manual](https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb#Enabling))
3. Launch `adb shell` and execute the following commands:
* `pm uninstall --user 0 com.samsung.clipboardsaveservice`
* `pm uninstall --user 0 com.samsung.android.clipboarduiservice`
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: Not tested because I am not rooted
ClipboardSaveService and ClipboardUI are made to keep copies of the Clipboard, and your system copy functionality will break if you disable/uninstall them (You need a ported AOSP version to let it only copy once and to make it be stored in the RAM not stored in the NAND)
You can use an Automation software (like Automate or Tasker) to delete "/data/Clipboard" files after you paste. (Yes this is the directory that Samsung store the files in it instead of RAM)
Upvotes: -1 |
2019/12/03 | 1,325 | 5,295 | <issue_start>username_0: I've been to a concert three weeks ago and found a Moto G5S Plus there.
I've waited for the owner to call - but they didn't.
The phone is not so locked. It has a (stock) screen lock, but it doesn't seem to be encrypted - I can reboot it and the apps start.
All I can see in the lock screen are app notifications, but with their content hidden.
I managed to check that there's a Google Play Services notification stating the Google account of the owner, but I've sent an email there without reply. My guess is they've just created the Google account for the phone, but use a different email address (if they check any, at all).
I see WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Behance, Messages & Uber notifications (there may be some others, I don't recall right now), but with their content hidden.
**How can I unlock the phone to be able to access WhatsApp/Messages/Contacts to contact someone who can contact me with the owner?**
I've tried calling their service provider, but they weren't able to find the IMEI on their users database. They've suggested me on the phone to try going to an actual store since they may have better info, but I didn't have the chance yet.
The phone doesn't have an SD card - so no luck trying to get something out of there.
There are no Emergency contacts set up.
I can access the camera without unlocking the phone. That allowed me to take a picture to a message stating a way to contact me, just in case there was any cloud backup setup - but I have not been contacted yet.
I was able to connect to a WiFi using the Camera to read a QR code. I wasn't able to connect to a password-protected WiFi network via the WiFi menu, but I could using the QR code. May there be any other QR action that I could exploit to help me?
It's a Movistar phone, from Argentina, if that makes any difference - but I'm expecting any workaround at the phone/OS level.
From the recovery mode, I could get the Android version is `8.1.0/OPS28.65-36-14/63857`. It also says `motorola/sanders_retail/sanders`, if that helps.
I've just found in [HIBP](https://haveibeenpwned.com/) that the user e-mail was part of the [Canva breach](https://support.canva.com/contact/customer-support/may-24-security-incident-faqs/) - but I couldn't find the actual leaked data on a really quick Google search.
Connecting via USB, `adb devices` won't show it. I managed to get `fastboot devices` to list the phone when I reboot it and stay at the bootloader - but I haven't found how that may help.
I also tried putting a working SIM card in the phone and calling it from another phone. The idea was to use the conference call option to try to access the phone's contact list. Even though the phone said it had cellular signal, the call didn't make it - so it may already be blocked at the telco level.
I'd appreciate any suggestions to try.
(Just in case: I really want to return it back to the owner. If I was trying to keep it for myself, I'd just factory reset it and call it a day. I also don't intend to violate their privacy - just to contact them)<issue_comment>username_1: Just keep it online and make a note on your door/mailbox how one can reach you. Wait for the day the owner located the GPS position. if one can unlock the phone in front of you he/she qualified as verified owner
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: *Summary:* It sounds like you've done well more than expected of you, and should hand it off to the cell provider or other authorities. Not doing so might risk legal consequences.
How do you normally handle lost property in (I presume) Argentina?
Here in the US, for example, the concert venue often has a "lost and found" where you'd turn it in. And that's the first place the person who lost the phone would look. Beyond that, the cell carrier or the local police station. Again, those are places that someone who lost a phone might contact.
It sounds like you've gone above and beyond trying to find the owner. It's probably to late to give it to the concert venue, so I'd suggest just give it to the carrier (presumably even if they can't locate the owner immediately at the store, they'll hold it for a while and see if the owner contacts them). Which if the IMEI has already been blocked ("blocked at the telco level", as you put it), someone *has* already contacted them, presumably if you had turned in the phone immediately, it'd already be back with its owner.
I have no idea how naive that all sounds from Argentina; maybe it's obvious there that the store employee would just pocket the phone (I really don't know). But even if that's the case, there is another problem, for you:
I think your current approach risks getting you in trouble. Think of what it'd look like to a cop who for whatever reason doesn't like you: you took the phone from the venue, that looks an awful lot like stealing it. Now you're trying to break into a device you don't own, sounds like hacking... Will the cop believe you about trying to find the owner, or think that's just a story you're making up?
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_3: It is possible that some useful contacts are saved in the SIM card, so I suggest you insert that SIM card in an another phone to access those contacts and attempt to contact them.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/12/04 | 675 | 2,755 | <issue_start>username_0: Yet another occurrence of this when setting up a new phone, in this case a OnePlus 5 with the H2OS (Chinese) OS. I installed the current Oxygen OS official 9.0.9 from XDA, used the OnePlus transfer, and despite many strategies, could not get rid of this error.
I tried:
Wiping the cache, other data in Google Play
Ditto other Google services
turned off WIFI, turned on, etc.
Reboot
Reinstalled Google play
Installed Google APK from APK store
I had seen these elsewhere working for some folks.<issue_comment>username_1: Just keep it online and make a note on your door/mailbox how one can reach you. Wait for the day the owner located the GPS position. if one can unlock the phone in front of you he/she qualified as verified owner
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: *Summary:* It sounds like you've done well more than expected of you, and should hand it off to the cell provider or other authorities. Not doing so might risk legal consequences.
How do you normally handle lost property in (I presume) Argentina?
Here in the US, for example, the concert venue often has a "lost and found" where you'd turn it in. And that's the first place the person who lost the phone would look. Beyond that, the cell carrier or the local police station. Again, those are places that someone who lost a phone might contact.
It sounds like you've gone above and beyond trying to find the owner. It's probably to late to give it to the concert venue, so I'd suggest just give it to the carrier (presumably even if they can't locate the owner immediately at the store, they'll hold it for a while and see if the owner contacts them). Which if the IMEI has already been blocked ("blocked at the telco level", as you put it), someone *has* already contacted them, presumably if you had turned in the phone immediately, it'd already be back with its owner.
I have no idea how naive that all sounds from Argentina; maybe it's obvious there that the store employee would just pocket the phone (I really don't know). But even if that's the case, there is another problem, for you:
I think your current approach risks getting you in trouble. Think of what it'd look like to a cop who for whatever reason doesn't like you: you took the phone from the venue, that looks an awful lot like stealing it. Now you're trying to break into a device you don't own, sounds like hacking... Will the cop believe you about trying to find the owner, or think that's just a story you're making up?
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_3: It is possible that some useful contacts are saved in the SIM card, so I suggest you insert that SIM card in an another phone to access those contacts and attempt to contact them.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/12/05 | 842 | 3,458 | <issue_start>username_0: *Android - how to extract/backup your phone contact list and browser favorites (stock browser, not chrome) - a modern **Samsung** smartphone.*
Hi, I am grateful for any replies (pls note that we always talk about a non-rooted device, and I have no desire to root it, & I have no desire to use the inherent google-backup methods):
1) How can I extract my entire **contacts** list in a way to be able to import it again to another similar Samsung phone? Any way to do it without using an App for it as workaround? If there is no way around an app, which app(s) would you suggest are considered to be very "safe" and 100% non-malicious?
2) The same question - this time for **calendar** items extraction?
3) Finallly the same question for my Android Stock *Browser bookmarks* (not chrome)? Both, the bookmarks which are available in the "Normal" browser mode, and the bookmarks which are separately stored in the "private" browser mode.
If you know also of a way to doing one of those 3 things but without the ability to import again to another phone, this is also very helpful. My prime interest is in backing up, and if I can import again to another Phone, even better.
Thanks for any technical explanations!<issue_comment>username_1: Just keep it online and make a note on your door/mailbox how one can reach you. Wait for the day the owner located the GPS position. if one can unlock the phone in front of you he/she qualified as verified owner
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: *Summary:* It sounds like you've done well more than expected of you, and should hand it off to the cell provider or other authorities. Not doing so might risk legal consequences.
How do you normally handle lost property in (I presume) Argentina?
Here in the US, for example, the concert venue often has a "lost and found" where you'd turn it in. And that's the first place the person who lost the phone would look. Beyond that, the cell carrier or the local police station. Again, those are places that someone who lost a phone might contact.
It sounds like you've gone above and beyond trying to find the owner. It's probably to late to give it to the concert venue, so I'd suggest just give it to the carrier (presumably even if they can't locate the owner immediately at the store, they'll hold it for a while and see if the owner contacts them). Which if the IMEI has already been blocked ("blocked at the telco level", as you put it), someone *has* already contacted them, presumably if you had turned in the phone immediately, it'd already be back with its owner.
I have no idea how naive that all sounds from Argentina; maybe it's obvious there that the store employee would just pocket the phone (I really don't know). But even if that's the case, there is another problem, for you:
I think your current approach risks getting you in trouble. Think of what it'd look like to a cop who for whatever reason doesn't like you: you took the phone from the venue, that looks an awful lot like stealing it. Now you're trying to break into a device you don't own, sounds like hacking... Will the cop believe you about trying to find the owner, or think that's just a story you're making up?
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_3: It is possible that some useful contacts are saved in the SIM card, so I suggest you insert that SIM card in an another phone to access those contacts and attempt to contact them.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2019/12/08 | 428 | 1,623 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a new Nokia 3.1. It immediately wanted to download updates, which it did successfully. Now I have a notification that I can't get rid of to "Complete setup by installing apps". When I touch it, I get this:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jVekE.png)
I can't seem to deselect these. How do I NOT download them, and not be bothered by the offer any more?<issue_comment>username_1: It happened in my Samsung A30s - Android 9.0.
I installed the recommended apps, the notification of `Complete setup by installing apps` gone, and I uninstalled them again.
I seems there is no easy way to get rid of that notification.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: Solution found.
Hold on the notification and turn off notifications from play store.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: Try to switch over to mobile data and reboot your phone. Maybe this will hold off the auto-download from wifi.
You can also stop your updates by disabling auto-update in "Updates" section of "My apps and games".
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: You can make that annoying notification go away by disabling the Android Setup app
1. Got to Settings/Apps and notifications
2. Tap "All apps"
3. tap ... in the top right corner and select "Show system"
4. Search "Android setup" and disable the app, the notification disappears right away, including the one in the settings menu.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uBUML.jpg)
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/13 | 547 | 2,095 | <issue_start>username_0: I recently noticed that, during a phone call, the dial "keypad" does not appear. This is particularly a problem when retrieving voicemail, because without the keypad, I can't give the command to play messages, delete, etc.
I am running Android 8.1.0 on a Nexus 6P device. The built-in Phone app is version 42.0.28425632.
I access voicemail using the built-in Phone app. When dialing phone calls, the keypad appears, and I can dial the target number with no problem. During the call, there is a screen with icons labelled: **Mute**, **Keypad**, **Speaker**, **Add call**, and **Hold**. The **Keypad** icon is highlighted with a grey circle, but there is no keypad visible. If I tap the **Keypad** icon, the highlighting disappears, and no keypad appears. If I tap the **Keypad** icon again, the highlighting reappears, and still no keypad appears.
How can I repair my settings or my phone app so that the dialing keypad appears during calls?<issue_comment>username_1: It happened in my Samsung A30s - Android 9.0.
I installed the recommended apps, the notification of `Complete setup by installing apps` gone, and I uninstalled them again.
I seems there is no easy way to get rid of that notification.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: Solution found.
Hold on the notification and turn off notifications from play store.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: Try to switch over to mobile data and reboot your phone. Maybe this will hold off the auto-download from wifi.
You can also stop your updates by disabling auto-update in "Updates" section of "My apps and games".
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: You can make that annoying notification go away by disabling the Android Setup app
1. Got to Settings/Apps and notifications
2. Tap "All apps"
3. tap ... in the top right corner and select "Show system"
4. Search "Android setup" and disable the app, the notification disappears right away, including the one in the settings menu.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uBUML.jpg)
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/14 | 261 | 1,056 | <issue_start>username_0: How can i relock bootloader of infinix smart 2 with or without data loss? i haven't install twrp and root device.<issue_comment>username_1: You should not lose any Data `Re-locking` the bootloader of an uncompromised system. It is only when the bootloader is Un-locked does the data loss occurr. A little insight into bootloaders is that it is an actual security function of the bootloaders to eject the possible compromised files if checks fail.
The bootloader will verify that everything is good to go if not then the bootloader has the option to essentially factory reset your device by Un-locking to dispose of what it believes to be non-native binaries or files. The bootloader Re-locks and starts to verify and attempt to boot again.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are sure that you have not made any modifications to the device, then the usual oem lock command should be all that you need to do:
```
fastboot oem lock-go
```
After that confirm the lock on the phone and you will be good to go.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/14 | 603 | 2,089 | <issue_start>username_0: I'm trying to manually verify an [APK file](https://signal.org/android/apk/) in the way Android would do when such file is installed in some old system (<7). I have one problem I can't really solve.
[They say](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/intro.html) the following:
>
> As you can see, the signature file contains digest entries for the
> archive's files that look similar to the digest-value entries in the
> manifest. However, while the digest values in the manifest are
> computed from the files themselves, the digest values in the signature
> file are computed from the corresponding entries in the manifest.
>
>
>
So in this case, we have an example entry from the `META-INF/MANIFEST.MF` file, which is the following one:
```
Name: FingerprintProtocol.proto
SHA-256-Digest: WQ9R/MGV5m9Dye4Jtl3MiLRmX2RPoEPeinb3me7wnAU=
```
Now we take the corresponding entry from the `META-INF/*.SF` file, which looks like this:
```
Name: FingerprintProtocol.proto
SHA-256-Digest: fWL5eppUj0x6UVdPqHusFkpDbXpq7P0sqchfublqEnA=
```
The question is: How was `fWL5eppUj0x6UVdPqHusFkpDbXpq7P0sqchfublqEnA` calculated?<issue_comment>username_1: You should not lose any Data `Re-locking` the bootloader of an uncompromised system. It is only when the bootloader is Un-locked does the data loss occurr. A little insight into bootloaders is that it is an actual security function of the bootloaders to eject the possible compromised files if checks fail.
The bootloader will verify that everything is good to go if not then the bootloader has the option to essentially factory reset your device by Un-locking to dispose of what it believes to be non-native binaries or files. The bootloader Re-locks and starts to verify and attempt to boot again.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are sure that you have not made any modifications to the device, then the usual oem lock command should be all that you need to do:
```
fastboot oem lock-go
```
After that confirm the lock on the phone and you will be good to go.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/16 | 305 | 1,261 | <issue_start>username_0: I have been given a Huawei smartphone that needed a new screen, which I've just had replaced. I now want to sell the phone.
Am I forced to enter the Google account of the previous owner in order to complete the start up process after a factory reset?
Can I then delete the old Google account ready for the new owner?<issue_comment>username_1: You should not lose any Data `Re-locking` the bootloader of an uncompromised system. It is only when the bootloader is Un-locked does the data loss occurr. A little insight into bootloaders is that it is an actual security function of the bootloaders to eject the possible compromised files if checks fail.
The bootloader will verify that everything is good to go if not then the bootloader has the option to essentially factory reset your device by Un-locking to dispose of what it believes to be non-native binaries or files. The bootloader Re-locks and starts to verify and attempt to boot again.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are sure that you have not made any modifications to the device, then the usual oem lock command should be all that you need to do:
```
fastboot oem lock-go
```
After that confirm the lock on the phone and you will be good to go.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/16 | 330 | 1,233 | <issue_start>username_0: Can it be used to steal personal data or intercept/view online activity?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/1c9BD.png)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/8h8Fe.png)<issue_comment>username_1: You should not lose any Data `Re-locking` the bootloader of an uncompromised system. It is only when the bootloader is Un-locked does the data loss occurr. A little insight into bootloaders is that it is an actual security function of the bootloaders to eject the possible compromised files if checks fail.
The bootloader will verify that everything is good to go if not then the bootloader has the option to essentially factory reset your device by Un-locking to dispose of what it believes to be non-native binaries or files. The bootloader Re-locks and starts to verify and attempt to boot again.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: If you are sure that you have not made any modifications to the device, then the usual oem lock command should be all that you need to do:
```
fastboot oem lock-go
```
After that confirm the lock on the phone and you will be good to go.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/18 | 1,046 | 3,935 | <issue_start>username_0: With the launch of Google's RCS messaging protocol, is there any reason as to why it doesn't support end-to-end encryption, or is it a feature that they intend to implement at a later time?<issue_comment>username_1: >
> is there any reason as to why it doesn't support end to end encryption, or is it a feature that they intend to implement at a later time?
>
>
>
RCS improves the old SMS by bringing modern features. It provides client to server side encryption but not provide end to end encryption.
According to [What is RCS messaging? Everything you need to know about the SMS successor](https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/what-is-rcs-messaging/):
>
> But Chat is missing one critical element: While the original RCS protocol allowed the implementation of client-to-server encryption, Chat does not offer end-to-end encryption like iMessage or Signal. Rather, it retains the same legal intercept standards as its SMS predecessor.
>
>
>
Asked about the privacy issues related to RCS, [Google's product management director for Android Messages](https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/17/18681573/google-rcs-chat-android-texting-carriers-imessage-encryption) replied:
>
> We fundamentally believe that communication, especially messaging, is highly personal and users have a right to privacy for their communications. And we’re fully committed to finding a solution for our users.
>
>
>
Google is working on it but no indication is given as to when end to end encryption will become a feature. In the meantime, when sending a message,
>
> It's encrypted in transit, but it’s not fully end-to-end encrypted, so your RCS provider can potentially see the contents of your messages, and turn them over to the government if properly asked. Google says it will delete them from its servers as soon as they’re delivered to your phone
>
>
>
Like for SMSes, the providers will be able to read your messages until Google decides to implement end to end encryption.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: The issue here is that RCS is *not* a Google product/service. Google serves RCS via a service called Chat, and Google Messages (the pre-installed, default SMS app on most Android phones) supports RCS. [*The Verge*](https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/19/17252486/google-android-messages-chat-rcs-anil-sabharwal-imessage-texting) are pretty bad at conflating the two but even they say (emphasis added):
>
> Google has been quietly corralling every major cellphone carrier on the planet into adopting technology to replace SMS. It’s going to be called “Chat,” and it’s *based on* a standard called the “Universal Profile for Rich Communication Services.”
>
>
>
But RCS is actually a "carrier-led" initiative organised by the [GSM Association](https://www.gsma.com/futurenetworks/rcs/), which defines the "Universal Profile," and there are [a lot of companies](https://www.gsma.com/futurenetworks/rcs/the-rcs-ecosystem/) involved in supplying RCS products. Google has encouraged RCS, because it makes Android phones more appealing and competitive with iPhones and iMessage, but it doesn't "own" the initiative.
That means that RCS is actually provided by *mobile operators*, who are subject to [legal intercept](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawful_interception) legislation. So when [commentators say](https://www.gms-worldwide.com/blog/making-rcs-work-the-architecture-of-rcs-business-messaging-rbm/) "Rich Communication Services is generally credited as being more secure" they are mainly talking about verified identities for businesses, which are [supposed to reduce fraud](https://mobileecosystemforum.com/2018/10/25/fraud-free-rcs-business-messaging-is-it-possible/). Because typically operators will need a [point within their network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawful_interception) where messages are unencrypted for when some law enforcement organisation requests access.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/21 | 394 | 1,536 | <issue_start>username_0: I started using an Android app that is offering in-app incentives (unlocks) in return for 5 star ratings on the Google Play app store. Is this against Google Play's terms of service?<issue_comment>username_1: * [**It is a violation of Google Policy**](https://play.google.com/about/storelisting-promotional/ratings-reviews-installs/)
Highlighting one part of policy violation, related to what you say
>
> Here are some examples of common violations:
>
>
> Asking users to rate your app while offering an incentive
>
>
>
**Edit:**
* For other violations see [Google Play Content Policies](https://play.google.com/about/developer-content-policy/)
* For reporting use [Report Inappropriate Apps](https://support.google.com/googleplay/android-developer/contact/takedown)
Upvotes: 6 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: It is against Google Policy, and also against The United States Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) advertising rules.
How to report such an app- You may have some luck by creating a post in <https://support.google.com/googleplay/community>. Don't be afraid to mention the app's name in there. The matter will be looked into by a moderator there who will then escalate the issue to Google staff.
I did the same thing in the Google Maps forum after an oil change place offered me a $10 discount for a 5 star review. He was taking the customer's cell phones and writing those reviews himself. He had over 500 reviews and after about a week they all disappeared.
Upvotes: 4 |
2019/12/21 | 1,325 | 4,754 | <issue_start>username_0: I'm running a Samsung Galaxy J110H, Android KitKat 4.4.4, rooted.
Is it possible to attain real superuser privilege on GNURoot Debian instead of fakerootfs? Is there any way as in when I type in `su`; there is an actual su prompt asking me to allow it? This is the outcome when I type in `su`:
```
root@localhost:/# su
setgid: Permission denied
root@localhost:/#
- - snip - -
```
Also `apt-get update && apt-get upgrade` returns:
```
unpacking python (from .../python_2.7.3-4+deb7u1_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
/usr/bin/mandb: can't set effective uid: Permission denied
Setting up libexpat1:armel (2.1.0-1+deb7u2) ...
Setting up python2.7-minimal (2.7.3-6+deb7u2) ...
- - snip - -
```<issue_comment>username_1: I too am getting this error in GNURoot. Search google and saw your question posted in many stack forums. I wanted to change from armel to armhf and followed the instructions on the Debian website but came to the error you stated. What I had to do was `chown u+s /usr/bin/mandb`. The error still popped up but everything worked like a charm.
I think you need to chmod dpkg again and then everything will run well. Btw I too am still running KitKat.
**Edit:**
After further testing and usage of gnuroot, it turns out that the method i stated above on bypassing the permission denied error does not solve all problems. After looking at `/etc/fstab` in the proot environment, there are no mount points. If you run the command mount from the gnuroot terminal you will notice that it will show mount points of the host system. Also you will notice that running `chmod 4777 /` or `chmod u+s /` the permission denied error will appear. If yoy run `ls -l /acct` it will list the `/acct` of the host system not of the proot.
I havent tested this but since the proot environment needs the suid flags you will need to unpack the booting image of you android device edit the fstab and change the mount options removing nosuid option, repack and flash the boot image to solve your problem. Remounting in the terminal as root (not proot) does not solve the problem because even after remounting, the fstab file remains the same.
By the way this is just my theory and i will edit the answer if it works perfectly.
A quote extracted from an answer in [reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/termux/comments/kdxd1l/proot_vs_chroot_vs_gentoo_prefix/)
>
> If you have root, chroot. In a nutshell, a chroot will spawn processes straight in the Linux userland whereas a proot will do it from the Android environment and be limited by Android resource limitations.
> A chroot can also run more closely to a desktop environment; full blown window managers, browsers and what not. Can even run Java and Android Studio.
>
>
>
Linux Deploy is different from Gnuroot because Linux deploy uses chroot while gnuroot uses proot thats the reason they work differently.
**Edit2:**
After even futher testing, i discovered that i needed to run `apt-get install fakeroot` then `fakeroot /bin/bash`
After running these commands, the error disappeared. Chmoding turned out to not solve entirely the error.
Also if you get installation errors try doing `fakeroot /bin/sh` or `fakeroot /bin/dash`
Proof that fakeroot works
am now in debian 10(buster) after patient upgrades.[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/dbwRO.png)
Gnu root debian is like Termux but for old android versions.Regarding the su matter of calling su binary from inside proot, you need to install the tsu binary. Since gnuroot does not have `pkg` in termux, the same binary can be install via python2. So first install Python pip then run `pip install tsu` then run the tsu binary and maybe you will be lucky and gain real root permissions. It wont work on stock wheezy (have tested it) debian but try upgrading to jessie or stretch and maybe you will be lucky.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_1: Alternatively, you could use Another Term an updated maintained Gnu terminal in proot environment with updated proot binary which in my opinion can also be an alternaive to Termux. It supports as low as android version 4.0 and no root is needed. [Here](https://github.com/green-green-avk/AnotherTerm) and [here](https://green-green-avk.github.io/AnotherTerm-docs/#main_content) are links to the project to get more infor.
Some screenshot i took on my android 4.4.4 Tab Running on Buster:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/22GxA.png)
And
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/RGDLZ.png)
I havent tested it but i think you can VNC and get a desktop environment.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/23 | 570 | 2,144 | <issue_start>username_0: I have Samsung Galaxy A10s. Now its dead. No power on. I tried lots of combinations. I don't want anybody to get the data, messages or media files which is in internal memory. But as its not charging and not showing drive after connect through USB to PC, I can't delete data directly.
How can I delete media files specially from internal phone memory from my dead phone?<issue_comment>username_1: Further to what has already been suggested in the comments, if you're only interested in destroying the data and not recovering it, you could drill through eMMc to completely destroy it.
It is **HIGHLY** unadvised to do this without careful consideration as your phone contains a lithium ion battery and I shouldn't have to explain the dangers of damaging a battery.
You can follow [this guide](https://www.sosav.com/guides/mobiles/samsung/galaxy-a10/motherboard/) to remove the "motherboard" from the phone.
I'm not certain where the eMMc is located on the chip (the protective casing covers all the components and I've never done a teardown on the phone myself) but, at this point you can sort of just go crazy and destroy the whole thing.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: you run latest (bootloader locked) android with all [security features](https://source.android.com/security/features), there is no way to access data with any tools. Only way is try-and-error pin/pattern/password guessing. I don't think repair shop have time for this. there is [Rate limiting](https://nelenkov.blogspot.com/2014/10/revisiting-android-disk-encryption.html?showComment=1424052022508#c8542808811237981522) one have to wait 30 secs after 10 unsuccessful tries. if attacker manage to repair your device, he could bruteforce a 4 digit pin in ~8 hours. security depends on weakness of your screen lock. a long alphanumeric password would take years. if screen lock is a pattern, data is wiped after 30x unsuccessful attempts.
you can remotely wipe your device/or change screen lock from [Find My Device](https://www.google.com/android/devicemanager). as soon as it is connected to internet the changes will apply.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/25 | 649 | 2,499 | <issue_start>username_0: I'm trying to put apps on an LG Exalt VN220, which is a flip phone that runs on a limited version of android. Whenever I try to install an apk using adb I get the following message: INSTALL\_PARSE\_FAILED\_INCONSISTENT\_CERTIFICATES. From a quick Google search I learned that this usually occurs when you try updating an app with an update that has a different certificate. This can not be the case because these apps were never installed on the phone before. When I pulled stock apps from the phone and tried to install them I got: INSTALL\_PARSE\_FAILED\_UNEXPECTED\_EXCEPTION. However when I install apps by LG that did not come on the phone they successfully install. Does anybody know if there is a way to get around this?<issue_comment>username_1: Further to what has already been suggested in the comments, if you're only interested in destroying the data and not recovering it, you could drill through eMMc to completely destroy it.
It is **HIGHLY** unadvised to do this without careful consideration as your phone contains a lithium ion battery and I shouldn't have to explain the dangers of damaging a battery.
You can follow [this guide](https://www.sosav.com/guides/mobiles/samsung/galaxy-a10/motherboard/) to remove the "motherboard" from the phone.
I'm not certain where the eMMc is located on the chip (the protective casing covers all the components and I've never done a teardown on the phone myself) but, at this point you can sort of just go crazy and destroy the whole thing.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: you run latest (bootloader locked) android with all [security features](https://source.android.com/security/features), there is no way to access data with any tools. Only way is try-and-error pin/pattern/password guessing. I don't think repair shop have time for this. there is [Rate limiting](https://nelenkov.blogspot.com/2014/10/revisiting-android-disk-encryption.html?showComment=1424052022508#c8542808811237981522) one have to wait 30 secs after 10 unsuccessful tries. if attacker manage to repair your device, he could bruteforce a 4 digit pin in ~8 hours. security depends on weakness of your screen lock. a long alphanumeric password would take years. if screen lock is a pattern, data is wiped after 30x unsuccessful attempts.
you can remotely wipe your device/or change screen lock from [Find My Device](https://www.google.com/android/devicemanager). as soon as it is connected to internet the changes will apply.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/26 | 393 | 1,598 | <issue_start>username_0: Recently I switched from Lineage OS to Pixel Experience on my Xioami Mi 9t device. I made a backup of all my apps and data trough Titanium Backup and an update.zip file.
After flashing Pixel Experience and going through the setup I installed Titanium Backup on my phone and rebooted into TWRP to install the update.zip file. It flashed the zip file with no errors and automatically rebooted the phone into system.
However nothing happened and my apps and data were not restored. Then I wanted to restore them manually but trying to access my backup location on my external USB drive I found out I could not access my backup folder anymore, which was located at: `/storage/extSdCard/Android/data/com.keramidas.TitaniumBackup`
It is extremely frustrating knowing I have done everything to backup my apps and data but not being able to restore them anyway. If anyone knows a solution to this problem tell me, I would really appreciate your support.<issue_comment>username_1: Here is what worked for me. I booted into TWRP recovery. From there I copy pasted my backup files from my usb drive to internal memory. Then and only then I was able to access and restore my backups from Titanium Backup.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: from Titanium Backup [HOWTO](http://www.titaniumtrack.com/kb/titanium-backup-kb/titanium-backup-howtos.html#advanced-system-data-restore):
* install desired app (from Play Store or apk)
* open the new app once
* enable “System data migration” in preferences
* Restore “data only”
(repeat this for each app)
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/27 | 221 | 986 | <issue_start>username_0: When following the tutorial to disable the annoying 20 minute Amazon Stick sleep timer and using the method that changes the sleep time value in the core shell, you might not be able to connect to the amazon stick using adbLink with the error: Device unauthorised press refresh or see help.”
The tutorials that you will find will be completely useless, they will be a horrible video of the developer pressing the refresh ADB button, and a badly written developer tutorial that tells you to delete some files somewhere on some device.<issue_comment>username_1: The issue is easily resolved by connecting the amazon stick to the correct primary WiFi channel, usually that is 2.4GHz channel by default. If your stick is connected to the 5GHz channel of your network it might not be discoverable by the adbLink.
Upvotes: 2 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: I found toggling the developer mode off then back on on the Fire Stick worked for me.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/28 | 1,213 | 3,267 | <issue_start>username_0: I tried to flash a custom rom into my phone but it was an unsuccessful try and I decided to update the TWRP recovery in order to increase my chances to flash a rom. But istead of updating TWRP I bricked my phone somehow I even don't understand. The phone is **Lenovo ZUK Z2**. I tried to flash a stock rom via QFIL previously installing all drivers needed.
But when I actually press the download button it says:
```
Validating Application Configuration
Load APP Configuration
COM:20
SAHARA:True
SAHARA:C:\ZUI\prog_emmc_firehose_8996_ddr.elf
SEARCHPATH:C:\ZUI
RAWPROGRAM:
rawprogram0.xml
PATCH:
patch0.xml
ACKRAWDATAEVERYNUMPACKETS:False
ACKRAWDATAEVERYNUMPACKETS:100
MAXPAYLOADSIZETOTARGETINBYTES:False
MAXPAYLOADSIZETOTARGETINBYTES:49152
DEVICETYPE:eMMC
PLATFORM:8x26
VALIDATIONMODE:0
RESETAFTERDOWNLOAD:False
MAXDIGESTTABLESIZE:8192
SWITCHTOFIREHOSETIMEOUT:30
RESETTIMEOUT:200
RESETDELAYTIME:2
FLATBUILDPATH:C:\
FLATBUILDFORCEOVERRIDE:True
QCNPATH:C:\Temp\00000000.qcn
QCNAUTOBACKUPRESTORE:False
SPCCODE:000000
ENABLEMULTISIM:False
Load ARG Configuration
Validating Download Configuration
Image Search Path: C:\ZUI
RAWPROGRAM file path: C:\ZUI\rawprogram0.xml
PATCH file path:C:\ZUI\patch0.xml
Programmer Path:C:\ZUI\prog_emmc_firehose_8996_ddr.elf
Process Index:0
Start Download
Program Path:C:\ZUI\prog_emmc_firehose_8996_ddr.elf
Binary build date: May 13 2015 @ 14:41:37
QSAHARASERVER CALLED LIKE THIS: 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Qualcomm\QPST\bin\QSaharaServer.exe -p \\.\COM20 -s 13:C:\ZUI\prog_emmc_firehose_8996_ddr.elf 'Current working dir: C:\Users\vladi\AppData\Roaming\Qualcomm\QFIL
Sahara mappings:
2: amss.mbn
6: apps.mbn
8: dsp1.mbn
10: dbl.mbn
11: osbl.mbn
12: dsp2.mbn
16: efs1.mbn
17: efs2.mbn
20: efs3.mbn
21: sbl1.mbn
22: sbl2.mbn
23: rpm.mbn
25: tz.mbn
28: dsp3.mbn
29: acdb.mbn
30: wdt.mbn
31: mba.mbn
13: C:\ZUI\prog_emmc_firehose_8996_ddr.elf
17:01:24: ERROR: function: sahara_rx_data:194 Unable to read packet header. Only read 0 bytes.
17:01:24: ERROR: function: sahara_main:854 Sahara protocol error
17:01:24: ERROR: function: main:265 Uploading Image using Sahara protocol failed
Download Fail:Sahara Fail:QSaharaServer Fail:Process fail
Finish Download
```
[Screenshot of QFIL](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KC9Of.png)
The phone is in fastboot mode all the time. I tried to follow a dozen of howtos but no of them helped. I also used MiFlash, here are the error and the phone state:
[Fastboot](https://i.stack.imgur.com/tu1Rj.png)
[MiFlash screenshot](https://i.stack.imgur.com/K9jdn.png)<issue_comment>username_1: See here how I solved this problem. Somehow Windows is blocking the flashing of the device, that's why the sahara error occurs.
<https://superuser.com/questions/1538067/cannot-flash-qualcomm-with-stock-image-lenovo-tab-m10-tb-x605l-lte-android-8-o>
Sorry for posting it as an answer, I don't have enough reputation yet to comment on questions. But, in fact, it's a working solution for the problem exactly as described, which - I hope - is anyway enough to qualify as an answer.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: Error:-
Sahara server is failing : sahara protocal failed.
Ans:-
I have adjusted the cable connection and it work perfectly. ADB Cable was not connected properly.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/29 | 1,919 | 7,396 | <issue_start>username_0: How do I perform a hot reboot on my device using the Terminal Emulator? I do not have `busybox` installed, but my phone is rooted.
EDIT: I am looking for a solution to perform a hot reboot(see [Quick Question - Hot Reboot - Android](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/174952/quick-question-hot-reboot-android)) using the terminal emulator/shell.<issue_comment>username_1: if device is rooted you can kill the gui process from root shell, it will restart immediately. terminal app and all subprocesses are killed too, but adb shell processes will survive. all current mounts remain intact (even manual mounts) device is not fully rebooting
```
killall system_server
```
for devices with property `init.userspace_reboot.is_supported` enabled (Android 10+)
```
svc power reboot userspace
```
or
```
adb reboot userspace
```
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: While the [other answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/219875/218526) correctly states a way to force a (very) soft reboot, I'd like to add some in-depth details (which may not make sense to everyone :).
WHAT IS HOT / WARM REBOOT?
--------------------------
In order to answer your question we need to define what a hot (or warm) reboot is on an Android device. Terms cold (or hard) boot and warm (or soft) boot are more associated with PCs, particularly Windows. For mobile phones or embedded devices it's difficult to draw a clear line between cold and warm boot. In case of **cold reboot**, usually power is cut to CPUs, and also possibly to RAM and even to whole motherboard. **Soft reboot** only kills and starts the processes, while retaining power to hardware components. Power management is part of open-source ACPI/UEFI/BIOS standard on PCs while on phones PMIC firmware is usually used with SoCs.
HOW REBOOT WORKS ON ANDROID?
----------------------------
On (re)boot SoC firmware loads bootloaders in memory which then load executable binaries and start processes (actual OS). From my answer to [What is the fastest way to shutdown un-rooted Android phone?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/215782/218526): Android is based on **Linux kernel** - the very first executable of operating system which is run during [boot process](https://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=76407669&postcount=1). Kernel initializes necessary hardware and prepares a basic environment before executing **`init`** - the very first userspace process we can see. It's `init` which then starts and takes care of all services and processes.
A ***civilized* way** to do reboot or shutdown is to let all processes terminate themselves saving any pending work, un-mount filesystems and then ask the kernel to reverse the boot process. `init` can handle this on modern OSes or you can do manually through `/proc/sysrq-trigger` interface. Or we can ask kernel to perform a quick reboot killing everything. However this may cause data loss, particularly due to filesystem corruption.
A ***brutal* way** is the long press of power button (handled by PMIC) which is a cold reboot (or shutdown) in true sense because the power to CPUs (and RAM) is suddenly cut without waiting for userspace processes and kernel to terminate gracefully.
DOES ANDROID PERFORM COLD REBOOT?
---------------------------------
On Android phones (and on other systems as well) a normal reboot is not completely cold as power is not cut at least to RAM because it holds an area where kernel panic logs are stored which can be accessed on next boot (refer to [`ramoops`](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/213460/218526) used for `last_kmsg` or `pstore`). See some more hints in **bootloader** [**boot reason**](https://source.android.com/devices/bootloader/boot-reason#reason-requirements) **specification**. Similarly some other memory regions allocated to SoC components and signed firmware which are isolated from application processor (AP on which main OS runs) may also not be erased. They include Baseband Processor (modem), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), WiFi / BT module etc.
However a normal reboot isn't a warm reboot either. During reboot kernel kills itself and hands over the control to bootloader(s) which may boot device in different possible modes (**fastboot**/bootloader, **recovery** or **normal boot**). The low level details are vendor and hardware specific; if a device performs a complete power-on reset (PoR) or if the hardware is not reset at all. Which components are powered down during different types of reboots depends on the interaction between kernel, bootloader, SoC, PMIC, watchdog hardware etc.
HOW TO DO A HOT REBOOT?
-----------------------
Linux kernel also supports another form of warm reboot: **`kexec`**. Kernel can terminate userspace processes and itself, executing a new kernel which then may start new userspace environment without doing hardware reset, POST and re-initialization by BIOS. See [kexec-reboot](https://github.com/error10/kexec-reboot) for instance. However the new kernel has to consider that the hardware devices aren't reset, so they won't be in [*sane state*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kexec). This approach is theoretically possible on Android too i.e. kernel re-executes itself with proper commandline and then starts `init`. But it requires some device-specific changes to kernel and ROM. See an [example use case](https://github.com/tmlind/droid4-kexecboot) of [`kexecboot`](https://github.com/kexecboot/kexecboot/wiki/how_kexecboot_works).
Stock Android doesn't provide soft reboot functionality but some custom ROMs implement this feature by triggering [**restart**](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r1/core/java/android/app/IActivityManager.aidl#427) **method of `activity` service**. This kills `zygote` and its associated processes including `wificond`, `netd`, `mediaserver`, `cameraserver`, `audioserver` and some vendor daemons. However `init` itself and other core daemons like `ueventd`, `vold`, `installd`, `surfaceflinger`, `logd`, `servicemanager`, `healthd` and a long list of vendor daemons aren't restarted.
[`ActivityManagerService.restart`](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r1/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java#14909) requires `android.permission.SET_ACTIVITY_WATCHER` and calls [`ActivityManagerService.shutdown`](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r1/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java#13367) which requires `android.permission.SHUTDOWN`. Both permissions have [Protection Level](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217522/218526) `signature`, so third party apps can't have them. `adb shell` also doesn't have the `SHUTDOWN` permission, so ***root is required***.
On Android 9 code for `restart` method is `179`, so to initiate a soft reboot:
```
~# service call activity 179
```
Or you can ask `init` to restart `zygote` and dependent services (SELinux won't let the property be set, so root is required):
```
~# setprop ctl.restart zygote
```
It's also possible to restart more `init` services from comamndline, or change `init` code to kill and start all userspace processes instead of calling kernel on reboot. It depends on your actual purpose of *hot reboot*.
Upvotes: 3 |
2019/12/29 | 435 | 1,840 | <issue_start>username_0: One of my friends have taken some photos which were deleted by some elements by forcibly taking their mobile device and deleting them.
So I searched for ways (including app searches) for fast backup newly captured photo by his camera to prevent this problem in future.
I need to find a way of doing this backup efficiently and automatically. Please suggest ways of doing that<issue_comment>username_1: You can try [this](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitwisesl.android.uploadcam) app. It can instantly upload taken photos to Google Drive or Dropbox. There is option in settings to upload using cellular data.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: I use [pcloud](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pcloud.pcloud), a cloud storage app. It has an automatic upload feature that uploads every photo or screenshot as soon as it is taken, even via mobile data.
Free version of the app gives you 5 GB cloud storage. I am not affiliated with the app but a happy user of paid version.
Alternatively, you can use [Folder sync](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=dk.tacit.android.foldersync.lite) to create folder pairs to sync with practically any cloud service of your choice (see app description for supported clouds). But to make it upload automatically you may need to automate the process or you can upload on schedule. I use folder sync to schedule my device folders with Pcloud and Google Drive.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_3: I use official google photos app. It also provides free storage as well as also shows suggestions based on artificial intelligence for gifs, colleges, and colorpop etc.
**Update depending on comments**
I would like to clarify that photos app does not immediately upload photos but it processes all uploads in background.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/29 | 515 | 2,090 | <issue_start>username_0: I just discovered that when I tap the send button on WhatsApp the music stops for while. Actually it doesn't stop. The headsets goes silence for a second and then continues normally. The same thing happens when somebody sends a message to me. But, it doesn't happen when I receive messages while I'm on another screen. For example, at the very moment I'm writing this question and music plays on. I saw that I'm gathering new messages on notification area, but no problem occurs.
I'm using JBL TUNE 600BTNC Bluetooth headset.
My phone is Realme 3 Pro.
Android version is 9.
The music players I tried are VLC and PowerAmp.<issue_comment>username_1: You can try [this](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitwisesl.android.uploadcam) app. It can instantly upload taken photos to Google Drive or Dropbox. There is option in settings to upload using cellular data.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: I use [pcloud](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pcloud.pcloud), a cloud storage app. It has an automatic upload feature that uploads every photo or screenshot as soon as it is taken, even via mobile data.
Free version of the app gives you 5 GB cloud storage. I am not affiliated with the app but a happy user of paid version.
Alternatively, you can use [Folder sync](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=dk.tacit.android.foldersync.lite) to create folder pairs to sync with practically any cloud service of your choice (see app description for supported clouds). But to make it upload automatically you may need to automate the process or you can upload on schedule. I use folder sync to schedule my device folders with Pcloud and Google Drive.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_3: I use official google photos app. It also provides free storage as well as also shows suggestions based on artificial intelligence for gifs, colleges, and colorpop etc.
**Update depending on comments**
I would like to clarify that photos app does not immediately upload photos but it processes all uploads in background.
Upvotes: 0 |
2019/12/29 | 423 | 1,588 | <issue_start>username_0: I was trying to do a factory reset from the twrp recovery, but wiped system partition mistakely.. my device has no system now. i can only access the twrp recovery and download mode. However, i tried to install many firmwares using odin but odin gave me a red Failed every single time. help me plz.
model j7(2015) or (sm-j700h/ds)
region Syria<issue_comment>username_1: Have you tried marking also the **NAND ERASE** option in Odin? Although marking the nand erase option would wipe the whole phone including the twrp and everything...and then try reflashing by going into download mode on your phone and then to Odin, you'll see a green/blue mark on the ICOM or something like that. If you pass on flashing and it gets stuck on bootloop, don't panic, just restart the phone and boot into recovery mode and wipe/reset user data! That should do it c:
There's also another thing you can do, you can extract the .tar.md5 using [this guide](http://www.rwilco12.com/forum/showthread.php?tid=74)
There you can find the system.img file and from there, you can flash the system.img using fastboot, needless to say that you must have your bootloader unlocked!
You could also try Samsung kies/smart switch, whichever suits you c:
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: thank you guys for your help
really appreciate it .. I solved the problem first by installing a custom ROM using TWRP. the system worked
then i discovered what i was doing wrong .. i was trying to flash a one-file stock OS .. which can only serve as an update
a 4-files stock ROM also worked.
Upvotes: 1 |
2019/12/31 | 1,148 | 4,598 | <issue_start>username_0: Is there anyway to make android browser browse in true desktop mode, i.e. viewing the same layout as a desktop computer?
I know in Firefox, I can click on "request desktop site" in the menu, and some similar function in Chrome. However, neither of these modes brings me the same experience as I have on a desktop computer. For example, Gmail has a menu item "filter messages like this", which is missing in "request desktop site" mode, and Similarly for many other web sites.
Some web site provides "full site" button to do this. But why can't I pretend myself as a desktop computer in the first place? How on earth does the server identify the browser an android browser, even in the "desktop mode"?
Note that this question may seem a duplicate as [this question](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/168742/bypassing-mobile-detectability-from-the-browser). But I do express the problem in a more general/broader perspective.
== Update ==
I understand the UI differences such as mouse Vs. touch screen. What I mean is to emulate a desktop screen mode. For example, a virtual screen size to mimic a desktop monitor (I can swipe the touch screen to move the view port, and can even enlarge/shrink the view port by two-finger gestures). A touch emulates mouse left button click. No mouse right button is acceptable, since most functions should be able to work by just left click. (Remember Apple Mac desktop might even go with one-button mouse).
The problem is, what they think as "optimize for mobile" might not be what the user think/want, such as removal of some functions.
I don't need "mobile optimize". Just the browser to mimic desktop one to the maximal extend, and I want to visit the web site in Desktop Mode, as if I connect it by a desktop computer.<issue_comment>username_1: There are various ways of creating responsive webpages.
the developer can ask the browser to tell whether it is windows os or android or iPhone or which browser it is etc.
Secondly, most often responsive design is implemented based on the width available to the browser window. To learn more you can search the web or try for yourself as I explain below
In fireFox browser on PC go to menu -> Web Developer -> Toggle tools or press Ctrl + Shift + I
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/1hYjY.png)
Now click on the button on left of three dots. You can change the size of page to see how it looks on browsers of different sizes.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6BQL3.png)
Hope this helps.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: *You cannot, unless the site is **optimized for mobile** by design*
Two factors distinguish and also limit mobile website compared to desktop:
* Touch screen interface
* Smaller display area
What most websites do (cost being the main reason I guess) is to make a site *mobile compatible* meaning that a site can be viewed on mobile but all functions or navigation as on desktop are not available (as in your example).
To make the controls or navigation of website as on true desktop mode, the site needs to be *mobile optimized*. Unless this done, you cannot have the same experience as on true desktop mode. This requires *Responsive Web Design* (which also doesn't guarantee full functionality) , and is off topic for this site - you can Google about it and here is some information from sister SE sites
* [Responsive web design Vs Separate website for Mobile](https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/13273/responsive-web-design-Vs-Separate-website-for-mobile)
* [Optimizing website for
mobile devices](https://stackoverflow.com/q/3710621)
>
> How on earth does the server identify the browser an android browser, even in the "desktop mode"?
>
>
>
[User Agent](https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/user-agent) information which is shared by all browsers (barring privacy oriented browsers but if you use such browsers, you may face other issues YMMV)
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: Try Firefox for Android with a User Agent spoofing addon.
=========================================================
You may also need some addon to lie about the viewport dimensions.
I don't know what exactly the best option to do so is, so I hope these links help point you in the right direction.
<https://www.google.com/search?q=firefox+android+fake+device+width>
<https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/android/addon/uaswitcher/>
<https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/chameleon-ext/>
Upvotes: 2 |
2020/01/02 | 819 | 3,144 | <issue_start>username_0: 
I can not turn on HDR. It is grayed out. I tried all modes front and rear camera and it is always Grayed out and I cant turn It on. I am using a Samsung Galaxy A50 that I recently bought and Samsung live chat support was not helpful. I am on the latest software.<issue_comment>username_1: There are various ways of creating responsive webpages.
the developer can ask the browser to tell whether it is windows os or android or iPhone or which browser it is etc.
Secondly, most often responsive design is implemented based on the width available to the browser window. To learn more you can search the web or try for yourself as I explain below
In fireFox browser on PC go to menu -> Web Developer -> Toggle tools or press Ctrl + Shift + I
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/1hYjY.png)
Now click on the button on left of three dots. You can change the size of page to see how it looks on browsers of different sizes.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6BQL3.png)
Hope this helps.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: *You cannot, unless the site is **optimized for mobile** by design*
Two factors distinguish and also limit mobile website compared to desktop:
* Touch screen interface
* Smaller display area
What most websites do (cost being the main reason I guess) is to make a site *mobile compatible* meaning that a site can be viewed on mobile but all functions or navigation as on desktop are not available (as in your example).
To make the controls or navigation of website as on true desktop mode, the site needs to be *mobile optimized*. Unless this done, you cannot have the same experience as on true desktop mode. This requires *Responsive Web Design* (which also doesn't guarantee full functionality) , and is off topic for this site - you can Google about it and here is some information from sister SE sites
* [Responsive web design Vs Separate website for Mobile](https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/13273/responsive-web-design-Vs-Separate-website-for-mobile)
* [Optimizing website for
mobile devices](https://stackoverflow.com/q/3710621)
>
> How on earth does the server identify the browser an android browser, even in the "desktop mode"?
>
>
>
[User Agent](https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/user-agent) information which is shared by all browsers (barring privacy oriented browsers but if you use such browsers, you may face other issues YMMV)
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: Try Firefox for Android with a User Agent spoofing addon.
=========================================================
You may also need some addon to lie about the viewport dimensions.
I don't know what exactly the best option to do so is, so I hope these links help point you in the right direction.
<https://www.google.com/search?q=firefox+android+fake+device+width>
<https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/android/addon/uaswitcher/>
<https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/chameleon-ext/>
Upvotes: 2 |
2020/01/03 | 2,960 | 10,311 | <issue_start>username_0: I want to create 4 partitions on external MicroSDcard through ADB shell commands, not on Windows or Linux. Also want to show all partitions in Android GUI (SETTINGS > STORAGE > SDCARD) and make them usable for all apps and file explorers.
1. Dedicated first partition exFAT or NTFS or FAT32 (whichever Android permits and gives optimum performance) to store apps, photos and media.
2. Second partition `ext4`, dedicated to applications linked through Link2SD. Or I want some applications or auto scripts or tools or commands to set the apps mainfest to always install on SD card.
3. Third partition `ext4` or NTFS or exFAT, dedicated for auto recording random backups or shadow images of partitions for different time, if possible through commands, scripts or apps like Titanium backup or others.
4. Fourth partition `ext4` or NTFS or exFAT, dedicating for Virtual memory
(as we do for `pagefile.sys` in Windows or Linux swap partition).
If I format 1st partition with `ext4`, exFAT or NTFS, Android OS doesn't show it in SETTINGS > STORAGE> SDCARD > PARTITIONS and asks to mount or erase the partitions.
Now to limit and specify the questions:
1. Can SD card have 4 partitions and will Android and SD card support it?
2. Examples of commands to partition in Android; `fdisk` or `parted` or the best one.
3. Is it necessary in Android that 1st partition should be FAT32? Or can we make it exFAT or NTFS to which Android Apps2SD and others apps can download?
4. Can we force mount command in some startup boot `init` file to mount all four partitions?
5. Will this mounting show the partitions in Settings and device file manager?
6. Or can we view these partitions through ES File Manager or Solid Explorer or Root Manager and take their backups too?
Please guide me through the safe, secure, best and feasible method and procedure which does not damage the device hardware or SD card.<issue_comment>username_1: just partitioning and formatting from adb shell (needs to be `umount`)
(for doing this in recovery, delete all strings `/data/local` and `su -c` from command list)
```
adb push parted /data/local/tmp
adb shell chmod 0755 /data/local/tmp/parted
adb shell su -c "export PATH=$PATH:/data/local/tmp"
adb shell su -c "parted /dev/block/mmcblk1 mktable msdos"
adb shell su -c "parted /dev/block/mmcblk1 mkpart primary 1048576B 31914983423B"
adb shell su -c "mke2fs /dev/block/mmcblk1p1 -t ext4"
adb shell su -c "parted /dev/block/mmcblk1 unit B print"
```
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: A few points on four partitions:
1. >
> Dedicated first partition exFAT or NTFS or FAT32 (whichever Android permits and gives optimum performance) to store apps, photos and media.
>
>
>
For apps consider [Application Class](https://www.sdcard.org/developers/overview/application/index.html) but that's expensive. Others will exert performance penalty more or less. On filesystem selection, the biggest downside with FAT32 is its 4GB maximum file size limit. Also it doesn't have some built-in phenomenon to deal with growing fragmentation which may reduce performance over time. You can find many online resources on pros and cons of FAT32 and exFAT. Also see the MS's official [Filesystem Functionality Comparison](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/filesystem-functionality-comparison).
>
> Is it necessary in Android that 1st partition should be FAT32?
>
>
>
Not necessary if your device supports other filesystems. FAT32 is Android's default for secondary external storage (SD cards and USB drives) since the start days. Since SDXC cards (32GB+) come pre-formatted with `exFAT` (though not a technical limit), many OEMs add exFAT support to their devices. However exFAT was closed-source [until recently](https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/opensource/2019/08/28/exfat-linux-kernel/), so it's not part of stock Android (except some [limited addition](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/vold/+/37ba125205023b3b6e80ed684ca4d282224c66dc) in Android 9). But now it's very likely to be added to Android's kernel source. See some relevant details in [this answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218944/218526).
So check if your kernel supports exFAT: `grep exfat /proc/filesystems`. NTFS is still closed-source and doesn't have a stable in-kernel open-source driver. However it's possible to mount exFAT and NTFS using FUSE drivers. In each case [`vold` must support](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/220020/218526) the filesystem.
>
> Or can we make it exFAT or NTFS to which Android Apps2SD and others apps can download?
>
>
>
Irrespective of filesystem, all apps don't have write access to external SD card unless you make some changes to ROM. See details in [How to save files to external SD card?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218338/218526) and [Android's Storage Journey](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218469/218526).
2. There are apps available to move unsupported apps to SD card. Or you can manually (bind) mount a SD card partition (or directory) inside `/data`. Surely you need `ext4` (or `f2fs` on new devices) for this purpose (to enforce UNIX permissions). But it doesn't necessarily needs to be a partition, you can place a loop file on first partition.
Trying to modify app's manifest (or asking how to do so) can be considered unethical or illegal.
3. You don't need a dedicated partition to store backups. Instead first partition can be used.
4. If you want to use whole partition for `swap`, that doesn't need a filesystem (but `mkswap`). If you want to create `swap` file instead (which isn't a bad idea), again you can use first partition for that. However using external SD card for `swap` is not always a good idea. From [`zram` commit](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/cd67e10ac6997c6d1e1504e3c111b693bfdbc148) to mainstream kernel:
>
> embedded systems normally are reluctant to use eMMC or SDCard as swap because there is wear-leveling.
>
> ...
>
> Although we have real storage as swap, it was a problem, too. Because it sometime ends up making system very unresponsive caused by slow swap storage performance.
>
>
>
Android supports [`swap`](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/perf/low-ram#zram) with [`zram`](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/refs/heads/android-3.18/Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt) back-end (which creates a compressed block device within RAM) [since Android 4.4](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/5bc31a2632f453e03edac714b865773970bba608). Android's OOM killers (old in-kernel [lowmemorykiller](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/refs/heads/android-3.18/drivers/staging/android/lowmemorykiller.c) and new userspace [lmkd](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/perf/lmkd#using_userspace_lmkd)) do take `swap` into account. If your kernel supports ZRAM, using external SD card for SWAP is not recommended. It can worsen the performance and will kill the SD card very soon due to increased I/O operations.
>
> If I format 1st partition with `ext4`, exFAT or NTFS, Android OS doesn't show it in SETTINGS > STORAGE> SDCARD > PARTITIONS and asks to mount or erase the partitions.
>
>
>
It can be due to unsupported filesystem (see explanation above) or multiple partitions (see explanation below). However if a partition is manually mounted with proper permissions, apps are able to read/write files there. You may use `sdcardfs` or FUSE to [emulate the filesystem](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217936/218526) for fixed permissions. But this way Android framework is unaware of mounted filesystem and Android apps won't be notified of new storage. Neither you can manage the mounted storage from device Settings.
>
> Can SD card have 4 partitions and will Android and SD card support it?
>
>
>
Android kernel by-default supports GPT which can have up to 128 partitions. MBR also supports 4 primary (or more logical) partitions (inside extended partition). Generally there is no technical limit but Android's userspace may mount only first partition, or may not recognize multi-partitioned SD card at all e.g. due to unknown [partition type](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_type) including Linux (`0x83`). Though `vold` supports [multiple partitions](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/vold/+/b4a8c9cd903a62fc87526b811d0eeed86a380d73) before Android 6 too, you need to define FUSE (`sdcard`) `init` services, add entries to `fstab`, configure storage in `framework-res.apk` etc. If mounting multiple partitions doesn't work without these changes, you need to mount (additional or all) partitions manually (or rebuild your ROM with modified code).
>
> Will this mounting show the partitions in Settings and device file manager?
>
>
>
No. See explanation above. Not sure what you mean by "device file manager".
>
> Or can we view these partitions through ES File Manager or Solid Explorer or Root Manager and take their backups too?
>
>
>
Yes and no; depends on how, where and with what filesystem permissions you mounted the filesystem. See explanation above. Not sure what you mean by "take their backups too".
>
> Examples of commands to partition in Android; `fdisk` or `parted` or the best one.
>
>
>
Partitioning works alike on all OSes. There's a long list of CLI and GUI tools and you'll find hundreds of tutorials online. Assuming that your SD card is enumerated as `mmcblk1` and you want to create first partition of 32GB while leaving the rest for second, a one liner on Android can be:
```
~# sgdisk -Z -n 0:0:+32G -n 0:0:0 -p /dev/block/mmcblk1
```
See [`sgdisk` manpage](https://rodsbooks.com/gdisk/sgdisk.html) for explanation and more options. If needed use `partx -uv /dev/block/mmcblk1` to update kernel of partition table changes, or simply reinsert SD card.
After partitioning use `mkfs.fat`/`mkfs.exfat`/`mkfs.ntfs`/`mkfs.ext4` to create filesystem. All tools are available for Linux and work on Android as well.
>
> Can we force mount command in some startup boot `init` file to mount all four partitions?
>
>
>
Yes. Create an `init` service or `init.d` script. See details in [How to run an executable on boot](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/213623/218526)?
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/04 | 517 | 2,045 | <issue_start>username_0: I live in European Union in country where some apps like Cortana and Google assistant are not avaiable. Now I am in Italy, and I will stay for few weeks if that is relevant, so how can I change my country without adding payment method. I really do not whant to share some data with Google.
So, I deleted cache and data of Google Play and Play Services. And now I am unable to install any app in Play store, because Google is forcing me to add payment method.<issue_comment>username_1: **Source:** [Change your Google Play country](https://support.google.com/googleplay/answer/7431675?hl=en)
Unfortunately, you **cannot**.
Relevant extracts
>
> To change your country, you need to set up a new country in Google Play. To set up a new country, you must be in that country and have a **payment method from the new country**.
>
>
>
(Emphasis added)
Now, you have two problems :
1. By clearing cache and data, you have ensured that you change your country (as explained in the source)
2. Your stay in Italy is only for few weeks.
>
> You can only change your Play country **once per year**. So if you change your country, you won’t be able to change it back for 1 year
>
>
>
To sum it up, you have lost your old country information, you have to set
up new country information and if you do that you can revert to your old country after one year
There is no way out from this awkward situation AFAIK... I feel sorry
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: You cannot change your region without adding a payment method from that region.
However, you can simply create a new google account and pick the region you like.
Additionally, if you added a payment method to the same account, you would lose any balance currency you might have in your account. It also takes a few business days to switch completely.
I currently live in the EU on a student visa and I had a similar problem. So I also resorted to making a new account because I frequently need apps from both locales.
Upvotes: 2 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/08 | 479 | 1,883 | <issue_start>username_0: My friend has a Samsung Galaxy S9.
Every now and then it refuses to charge because of moisture being detected in the port.
However; upon completely discharging this once; it showed a ⚠️ mark when the charger was inserted. Eventually the device started charging normally. What does this symbol mean?<issue_comment>username_1: **Source:** [Change your Google Play country](https://support.google.com/googleplay/answer/7431675?hl=en)
Unfortunately, you **cannot**.
Relevant extracts
>
> To change your country, you need to set up a new country in Google Play. To set up a new country, you must be in that country and have a **payment method from the new country**.
>
>
>
(Emphasis added)
Now, you have two problems :
1. By clearing cache and data, you have ensured that you change your country (as explained in the source)
2. Your stay in Italy is only for few weeks.
>
> You can only change your Play country **once per year**. So if you change your country, you won’t be able to change it back for 1 year
>
>
>
To sum it up, you have lost your old country information, you have to set
up new country information and if you do that you can revert to your old country after one year
There is no way out from this awkward situation AFAIK... I feel sorry
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: You cannot change your region without adding a payment method from that region.
However, you can simply create a new google account and pick the region you like.
Additionally, if you added a payment method to the same account, you would lose any balance currency you might have in your account. It also takes a few business days to switch completely.
I currently live in the EU on a student visa and I had a similar problem. So I also resorted to making a new account because I frequently need apps from both locales.
Upvotes: 2 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/08 | 261 | 952 | <issue_start>username_0: How can I undo an edit in Gmail's compose field?
For example, I write a draft email, select the entire text and remove it, how can I undo my remove action to get the text back?<issue_comment>username_1: Usually, if the session is not closed just an undo or ctrl+z can do it.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: @username_1 was on the correct path suggesting to used `Ctrl`+`Z`. You will need to install a keyboard that has `Ctrl` key such as [Hacker's Keyboard](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.pocketworkstation.pckeyboard) if your keyboard app does not have it.
After you delete a text, open Hacker's Keyboard (if it was not already opened), press `Ctrl` (you will see an indication on the key that it is activated, on my phone, the indication was a blue line), then press on `Z`. You can even use it to redo by using `Ctrl`+`Y`
**Disclaimer:** I am just a user of the app.
Upvotes: 2 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/09 | 1,246 | 4,082 | <issue_start>username_0: I have Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 and it has cool features to replace laptops, but it is unfortunately running Android OS, and not many development apps are available for Android.
Is there an option to run VS Code at least on an Android device?<issue_comment>username_1: **There are two ways to use Linux on Android so we can use VS Code :**
* First *easy way* (Virtual Network Computing) (VNC):
**1. Install a Linux distro via "Termux"**
`pkg update -y && pkg install proot wget tar pulseaudio -y && wget <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AndronixApp/AndronixOrigin/master/Rootfs/Ubuntu19/ubuntu19.sh> && chmod +x ubuntu19.sh && ./ubuntu19.sh`
**2. Install Linux GUI desktop environment like "Xfce".**
sudo apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodies -y
**3. start a VNC server on your linux.**
sudo apt-get install tightvncserver -y
**4. Open ["VNC Viewer"](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.realvnc.viewer.android&hl=en) on android to start hacking.**
you may need to do command `vncserver -list` to list the port
**5. Install [vscode for ARM64](https://code.headmelted.com/)**
**6. Optional: Install NodeJS for ARM64.**
`apt install nodejs`
---
* Second hacky way (Linux Natively):
more info:
<https://medium.com/@quantvc/running-debian-on-android-device-natively-73545c9b0757>
Helpful Resources:
<https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=studio.com.techriz.andronix>
<https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.termux>
<https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.realvnc.viewer.android>
List of some ARM64 Hackers:
@Lemon1I @boby2001820 @NTAuthority @gus33000
Worth mentioning:
<https://github.com/WOA-Project>
Upvotes: 1 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: VS Code does not yet exist for Android, so there's no way to run it for now. There are some other good editors though, such as [CodeAnywhere](https://codeanywhere.com/apps#android) that you may be able to use in the meantime.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: The open-source version of VS Code is called [code-server](https://github.com/cdr/code-server). To run it on Android (without root) you will need:
[Termux from F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.termux/) as changes to the Google Play Store policies are no longer compatible with Termux releases.
Once running Termux you will need to install a bunch of packages as `code-server` is an [Electron app](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_(software_framework)) and needs support from `nodejs`.
```
pkg install nodejs
pkg install yarn
```
Per the [Termux NodeJS wiki](https://wiki.termux.com/index.php?title=Node.js) you should probably have installed:
```
pkg install build-essential
pkg install python
```
As they are needed for building native extensions.
And finally install `code-server` itself.
```
yarn global add code-server
```
**warning installing `code-server` takes a while**
`code-server` is now installed and will be the back-end for your front-end which will be a Chromium based browser, like Chrome for Android or Microsoft Edge.
```
code-server
```
You'll probably want to run the server in the background like `code-server &`. The ampersand puts the process in the background.
At that point you'll get some logs about where to find the password.
Open up a browser, as I was using Samsung DeX I used Samsung Internet, connect to `127.0.0.1:8080` and enter password.
In my case I used `cat ~/.config/code-server/config.yaml` to find out what was configured.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/RPZfH.jpg)
As you can see in the screenshot, even the MS Python plugin seems to work (for now).
**A Few Caveats**
* [`code-server` is not Microsoft Visual Studio Code](https://github.com/cdr/code-server/blob/v3.5.0/doc/FAQ.md#differences-compared-to-vs-code) The summary is that not all plugins are supported, YMMV.
* I'm using Termux and code-server with Samsung DeX so I don't have any keyboard issues that others have encountered.
Upvotes: 1 |
2020/01/13 | 704 | 2,562 | <issue_start>username_0: I'm using **`Android 9`** on my device, there are many times when I'm away from my phone and it is charging in a different room or someone else is using it, is there was a way to send over the battery percentage say **bp** over to my PC at regular intervals via the internet.
There maybe apps that can do this but I'm interested more in a script *or* terminal based approach
Ideas I'm thinking of are:
* using a **script manager** on my phone like <https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.androidideas.scriptlauncher>
* **`crontab`** with a script that sends out bp to a copy pasta and my PC can have it's own script reading that
* using `cat /sys/class/power_supply/battery/capacity` or `dumpsys battery | grep "level:" | awk '{ print $2 }'` once my device is **rooted** as mentioned here : [How to get battery status in terminal?](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/128015/how-to-get-battery-status-in-terminal) and doing that every **N** minutes using `cron`
I have `Termux` installed and my device is not rooted yet how do I proceed.<issue_comment>username_1: I'm using **`gist`** by Github (which can be done using `gem install gist` after installing `ruby` package) for broadcasting my battery percentage first to a private file, tried using **`ix.io`** but `pkg install ix` didn't work on Android terminal the `config.guess` threw and error saying `unable to guess system type`.
Already had **`Termux`** installed on my Android with necessary packages and with **`pkg install termux-battery-status`** and installing the Playstore api app : <https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.termux.api&hl=en_IN> using `termux-battery-status | grep percentage | grep -oP '\: (.*?)\,' | grep -Eo '[0-9]{1,3}'` gave the battery percentage in terminal.
Finally I added permissions using `chmod +x bp.sh` and set up **`crontab`** on Android to do this every minute using `crontab -e` and adding the line `* * * * * ~/bp.sh`
**EDIT**
Have started to make use of `jq` to parse `json` ouput, so now the one liner for script is `termux-battery-status | jq .percentage | gist -f bp -u gist_id` and start the crontab using `crond`
PS : I've put the entire thing here : <https://github.com/username_1/bp-broadcast>
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: You could use [Your Phone Companion](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.microsoft.appmanager) from Microsoft to link Android to your PC. The battery percentage would be shown at the upper left corner near device icon.
Upvotes: 0 |
2020/01/13 | 1,199 | 4,080 | <issue_start>username_0: I am searching for a list of permissions that can be set with adb.
I could just iterate through all permissions and ignore the failed ones but i'd rather filter out the ones that i know can't be set before hand.<issue_comment>username_1: You can grant or revoke only runtime permissions (introduced in Android 6 with [protection level](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217522/218526): `dangerous`) - either from CLI (`adb shell`) or GUI (Settings). From package manager help:
```
~$ pm
...
grant [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE PERMISSION
revoke [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE PERMISSION
These commands either grant or revoke permissions to apps. The permissions
must be declared as used in the app's manifest, be runtime permissions
(protection level dangerous), and the app targeting SDK greater than Lollipop MR1.
...
```
To get a list of all on-device `dangerous` permissions:
```
~$ pm list permissions -g -d | awk -F: '/permission:/ {print $2}'
```
Or get directly from Android source. This list excludes any dangerous permissions defined by non-AOSP packages e.g. those provided by Google Play Services. `wget` is a busybox applet, or get a static binary:
```
~$ wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aosp-mirror/platform_frameworks_base/android-9.0.0_r52/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml | grep -E 'protectionLevel=|
```
Or to avoid any wrong results, pre-format `.xml` (you need to get `xmllint` or similar tool):
```
~$ wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aosp-mirror/platform_frameworks_base/android-9.0.0_r52/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml | xmllint --format - | grep 'protectionLevel=.*dangerous' | grep -o 'permission android:name=[^ ]*' | cut -d'"' -f2
```
---
In addition to `dangerous` permissions, it's also possible to `grant` or `deny` or `ignore` some of the special permissions shown under:
**Settings → Apps & Notifications → Advanced → Special App Access**.
These are not managed directly by package manager, but `appops` - a secondary permissions control framework. These are `signature` level permissions which can be granted only to system apps otherwise. On Android 9:
```
~$ wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aosp-mirror/platform_frameworks_base/android-9.0.0_r52/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml | grep -E 'protectionLevel=|
```
Their corresponding `appops` operations have [similar names](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r52/core/java/android/app/AppOpsManager.java#910) with minor differences. Also some OPs [depend on](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r52/core/java/android/app/AppOpsManager.java#652) other OPs. To get a complete list of operations you can read or set through command-line:
```
~$ wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aosp-mirror/platform_frameworks_base/android-9.0.0_r52/core/java/android/app/AppOpsManager.java | awk '/int OP_/ {print $5}'
```
For details on how to use `appops` see examples of [`VIBRATE`](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/215658/218526), [`REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES`](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/216092/218526), [`COARSE_LOCATION`/`FINE_LOCATION`](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/218820/218526) and [`BOOT_COMPLETED`/`RUN_IN_BACKGROUND`](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/209345/218526).
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: To get a list of all permissions available system-wide, use
`adb shell pm list permissions`
That will give you a full list of what permissions are available to be given/rejected on that device, including permissions defined by the manufacturer or by apps installed on the device.
To get a list of the permissions applicable to a specific app, use
`adb shell appops get`
That will give you a list of the permissions that that particular app may request, including whether or not the permission has been granted.
You can then use
`adb shell appops set ignore`
or `adb shell appops set allow`
to either deny or allow that permission for that app.
Upvotes: 2 |
2020/01/15 | 2,332 | 8,534 | <issue_start>username_0: How to share files between a regular account and a work account?
I've researched and I can't find anything. What I am missing?<issue_comment>username_1: It might not always be possible to transfer data between multiple users/profiles. It depends on the **Device/Work Policy Controller** app, installed by you or your IT admin.
Android device can be managed in two ways: **fully managed** (which is setup at the time of first use or after factory reset on a company owned device) and **work profiles** (which can be added or removed anytime without affecting primary profile on a personal device / BYOD). Both requires a profile owner app (MDM/DPC/EMM) installed and registered as an administrator. Fully-managed devices may further have work profiles and it provides more isolation and control on device-wide policies than the latter. See a comparison of both modes under *Building DPC* ([1](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/device-management), [2](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/network-telephony), [3](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/security), [4](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/system-updates#introduction)) and *Employing Managed Profiles* ([5](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/admin/managed-profiles#device_administration)) in Android documentation.
[**Multiple users**](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/admin/multi-user) can also be added if enabled in ROM by OEM/ROM developer. Being more isolated than profiles, [interacting with users](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/admin/multiuser-apps#interacting_with_users) requires `INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS` which is a permission with `signature|system` [protection level](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217522/218526). So third party apps cannot use it at all.
Irrespective of if the secondary user is a human user or personal profile owner or work profile owner, the primary intention is data isolation. As defined [here](https://developer.android.com/work/guide#work-profiles):
>
> *"A work profile securely isolates work apps and data from personal apps and data."*
>
>
>
And as explained [here](https://developer.android.com/work/managed-profiles#sharing_files), file sharing between device owner and work profile must only be through `intents` (fired with content URIs), **not file paths**. But a profile owner may completely disallow data sharing (and IPC/`intents`) between users/profiles. For instance see [`DISALLOW_SHARE_INTO_MANAGED_PROFILE`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/UserManager#DISALLOW_SHARE_INTO_MANAGED_PROFILE), [`DISALLOW_USB_FILE_TRANSFER`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/UserManager#DISALLOW_USB_FILE_TRANSFER), [`DISALLOW_MOUNT_PHYSICAL_MEDIA`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/UserManager#DISALLOW_MOUNT_PHYSICAL_MEDIA), [`addCrossProfileIntentFilter`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/admin/DevicePolicyManager#addCrossProfileIntentFilter(android.content.ComponentName,%20android.content.IntentFilter,%20int)).
Since Android 9 `adb` is also disallowed to access file belonging to secondary user/profile. For details see [How to access multi-user storage in `adb shell` on Android 9+?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/221534/218526)
* However if the sharing is not disallowed, you'll see options to switch to other profiles (tabs in Share Sheet on Android 11+) when sharing files:
* Shelter - a Free and Open-Source app (I've no affiliation) that leverages the *"Work Profile"* feature to provide an isolated space for cloning apps - acts as a content (media) provider and provides *"File Shuttle"* option which lets you access Work Profile files from Personal Profile through *"Storage Access Framework"*:
* You can also run a small `http`/`ftp` server for file sharing on either side, or sync to cloud storage, if not restricted by policy.
So it entirely depends on the profile creator's policy if file sharing is allowed or not, usually not desirable in a corporate environment. However following method may work in all situations:
* The most widely used trick for file sharing among multiple users is `Android/obb` directory which is [shared](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/dalvik/+/a8c56490e730052cf196b79135c44c679b42dd56) among users to save storage space. Sharing was managed using bind-mounts in early days but then handling was [added](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/dalvik/+/7c5e6a3268dc25207633ce1ff5958ce705aba77a%5E%21/#F0) to FUSE/`sdcardfs` internally. However sharing is [deprecated](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/cabc52646a78474c80b7df061848ec64f82f502e) in Android 10 introducing mount option [`unshared_obb`](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/f544ad0b154702daed947248cf75b840181c1aa2) in `sdcardfs`.
So up to Android 9 you can use `obb` directory for file sharing among users/profiles:
```
~# mkdir -p /storage/emulated/*/Android/obb; touch /sdcard/Android/obb/test_file
~# ls /storage/emulated/*/Android/obb/* /storage/emulated/obb/*
/storage/emulated/0/Android/obb/test_file /storage/emulated/10/Android/obb/test_file /storage/emulated/obb/test_file
```
Upvotes: 4 <issue_comment>username_2: Use [Total commander for Android](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ghisler.android.TotalCommander&hl=en) or other 3rd-party file managers where you are able to use "Share via.." and the app will save the files in a new destination.
E.g. the steps:
1. In the work profile via the internal "Files" app, select the file and use the "Share" option
2. In the Share dialog, switch to "Personal profile" sharing options
3. Select the file manager app
4. Select the personal profile folder in the file manager dialogue
5. Voila, the file is in your personal folder.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: I managed to transfer files via Total Commander's WiFi plugin. Both users should have TC + Wifi plugin installed. One of them is set up as a server and will present you with a QR code. Take a photo of the code with your phone.
The other user then scans this QR code from the phone and you can transfer files easily between the to users as long as the server is running.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: Found a very simple way, just using web browsers in both work and regular profiles.
Open a browser in each profile and browse to [snapdrop.net](https://snapdrop.net) URL, which should open a session with a random username that will appear on the other brother and vice versa.
By clicking the username icon you can send a file which should show up in the browser from the other profile. Then you can accept and download the file.
This doesn't need any third party app or server setup and data only transit on the phone (snapdrop only being used as a synchronization server for websockets).
During file transfer, clients directly talk to each others and do not send data outside.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_5: I found a simple solution which doesn't limit you to one file at a time and allows sharing with anyone anywhere. Just upload your files from the Work profile to a free cloud service. That's it.
I found this thread while searching for a way to access Work files directly, using `adb`. It all seems so complicated to do.
I tried [username_4's suggestion](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/246494/44325) using snapdrop.net between Work and Regular profiles. It is OK but is limited to a single file at a time.
I then tried FX File Explorer and Total Commander but couldn't reproduce the results given by [username_2](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/230792/44325) or on GitHub.
I then read on another thread a suggestion to install Google Drive in the Work profile and then upload and access files anywhere, not just on your device. There would be no restrictions in the Work profile on uploads to a server. I decided to transfer them to OneDrive since I already have an account and I can just use a browser (Firefox), even while using a VPN, to upload an entire directory of files and access them anywhere in the world and share them as well. I tried it with a directory of 99 files. I was able to download them to my Mac and delete them and empty the trash on OneDrive to free up limited (5GB) free space. It won't cost you a penny, or lots of time trying to 'game' `adb`.
Upvotes: 0 |
2020/01/16 | 2,666 | 9,621 | <issue_start>username_0: I use ES File Explorer to modify `/system/priv-app` in the past with root permission given via magisk.
After upgrading to Android 10, ES File Explorer can no longer modify the `/system/priv-app` giving me an error message saying "operation failed."
What alternatives do I have if I like to modify `/system/priv-app`?
The output of running `set -x; exec >>/sdcard/mount.log 2>&1; id; mount -o rw,remount /system; mount | grep 'on /system '; touch /system/test_file; cat /sys/block/dm-*/dm/name`:
```
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=u:r:magisk:s0
mount: '/system' not in /proc/mounts
touch: '/system/test_file': Read-only file system
vendor-verity
```
It turns out:
>
> On some system-as-root (SAR) devices you can no longer mount the system partition as read-write and doing systemless modifications through Magisk is the only way. If you do want to do actual edits of the system, and if it is even possible (from Android 10 it's actually impossible on some devices), you need to mount the root directory, /, as rw and not /system. You can also try editing the partition mirrors that Magisk keeps in /sbin/.magisk/mirror.
>
>
>
So all I needed to do is to:
```
mount -o rw,remount /
```<issue_comment>username_1: It might not always be possible to transfer data between multiple users/profiles. It depends on the **Device/Work Policy Controller** app, installed by you or your IT admin.
Android device can be managed in two ways: **fully managed** (which is setup at the time of first use or after factory reset on a company owned device) and **work profiles** (which can be added or removed anytime without affecting primary profile on a personal device / BYOD). Both requires a profile owner app (MDM/DPC/EMM) installed and registered as an administrator. Fully-managed devices may further have work profiles and it provides more isolation and control on device-wide policies than the latter. See a comparison of both modes under *Building DPC* ([1](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/device-management), [2](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/network-telephony), [3](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/security), [4](https://developer.android.com/work/dpc/system-updates#introduction)) and *Employing Managed Profiles* ([5](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/admin/managed-profiles#device_administration)) in Android documentation.
[**Multiple users**](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/admin/multi-user) can also be added if enabled in ROM by OEM/ROM developer. Being more isolated than profiles, [interacting with users](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/admin/multiuser-apps#interacting_with_users) requires `INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS` which is a permission with `signature|system` [protection level](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217522/218526). So third party apps cannot use it at all.
Irrespective of if the secondary user is a human user or personal profile owner or work profile owner, the primary intention is data isolation. As defined [here](https://developer.android.com/work/guide#work-profiles):
>
> *"A work profile securely isolates work apps and data from personal apps and data."*
>
>
>
And as explained [here](https://developer.android.com/work/managed-profiles#sharing_files), file sharing between device owner and work profile must only be through `intents` (fired with content URIs), **not file paths**. But a profile owner may completely disallow data sharing (and IPC/`intents`) between users/profiles. For instance see [`DISALLOW_SHARE_INTO_MANAGED_PROFILE`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/UserManager#DISALLOW_SHARE_INTO_MANAGED_PROFILE), [`DISALLOW_USB_FILE_TRANSFER`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/UserManager#DISALLOW_USB_FILE_TRANSFER), [`DISALLOW_MOUNT_PHYSICAL_MEDIA`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/UserManager#DISALLOW_MOUNT_PHYSICAL_MEDIA), [`addCrossProfileIntentFilter`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/admin/DevicePolicyManager#addCrossProfileIntentFilter(android.content.ComponentName,%20android.content.IntentFilter,%20int)).
Since Android 9 `adb` is also disallowed to access file belonging to secondary user/profile. For details see [How to access multi-user storage in `adb shell` on Android 9+?](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/221534/218526)
* However if the sharing is not disallowed, you'll see options to switch to other profiles (tabs in Share Sheet on Android 11+) when sharing files:
* Shelter - a Free and Open-Source app (I've no affiliation) that leverages the *"Work Profile"* feature to provide an isolated space for cloning apps - acts as a content (media) provider and provides *"File Shuttle"* option which lets you access Work Profile files from Personal Profile through *"Storage Access Framework"*:
* You can also run a small `http`/`ftp` server for file sharing on either side, or sync to cloud storage, if not restricted by policy.
So it entirely depends on the profile creator's policy if file sharing is allowed or not, usually not desirable in a corporate environment. However following method may work in all situations:
* The most widely used trick for file sharing among multiple users is `Android/obb` directory which is [shared](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/dalvik/+/a8c56490e730052cf196b79135c44c679b42dd56) among users to save storage space. Sharing was managed using bind-mounts in early days but then handling was [added](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/dalvik/+/7c5e6a3268dc25207633ce1ff5958ce705aba77a%5E%21/#F0) to FUSE/`sdcardfs` internally. However sharing is [deprecated](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/cabc52646a78474c80b7df061848ec64f82f502e) in Android 10 introducing mount option [`unshared_obb`](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/f544ad0b154702daed947248cf75b840181c1aa2) in `sdcardfs`.
So up to Android 9 you can use `obb` directory for file sharing among users/profiles:
```
~# mkdir -p /storage/emulated/*/Android/obb; touch /sdcard/Android/obb/test_file
~# ls /storage/emulated/*/Android/obb/* /storage/emulated/obb/*
/storage/emulated/0/Android/obb/test_file /storage/emulated/10/Android/obb/test_file /storage/emulated/obb/test_file
```
Upvotes: 4 <issue_comment>username_2: Use [Total commander for Android](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ghisler.android.TotalCommander&hl=en) or other 3rd-party file managers where you are able to use "Share via.." and the app will save the files in a new destination.
E.g. the steps:
1. In the work profile via the internal "Files" app, select the file and use the "Share" option
2. In the Share dialog, switch to "Personal profile" sharing options
3. Select the file manager app
4. Select the personal profile folder in the file manager dialogue
5. Voila, the file is in your personal folder.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_3: I managed to transfer files via Total Commander's WiFi plugin. Both users should have TC + Wifi plugin installed. One of them is set up as a server and will present you with a QR code. Take a photo of the code with your phone.
The other user then scans this QR code from the phone and you can transfer files easily between the to users as long as the server is running.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_4: Found a very simple way, just using web browsers in both work and regular profiles.
Open a browser in each profile and browse to [snapdrop.net](https://snapdrop.net) URL, which should open a session with a random username that will appear on the other brother and vice versa.
By clicking the username icon you can send a file which should show up in the browser from the other profile. Then you can accept and download the file.
This doesn't need any third party app or server setup and data only transit on the phone (snapdrop only being used as a synchronization server for websockets).
During file transfer, clients directly talk to each others and do not send data outside.
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_5: I found a simple solution which doesn't limit you to one file at a time and allows sharing with anyone anywhere. Just upload your files from the Work profile to a free cloud service. That's it.
I found this thread while searching for a way to access Work files directly, using `adb`. It all seems so complicated to do.
I tried [username_4's suggestion](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/246494/44325) using snapdrop.net between Work and Regular profiles. It is OK but is limited to a single file at a time.
I then tried FX File Explorer and Total Commander but couldn't reproduce the results given by [username_2](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/230792/44325) or on GitHub.
I then read on another thread a suggestion to install Google Drive in the Work profile and then upload and access files anywhere, not just on your device. There would be no restrictions in the Work profile on uploads to a server. I decided to transfer them to OneDrive since I already have an account and I can just use a browser (Firefox), even while using a VPN, to upload an entire directory of files and access them anywhere in the world and share them as well. I tried it with a directory of 99 files. I was able to download them to my Mac and delete them and empty the trash on OneDrive to free up limited (5GB) free space. It won't cost you a penny, or lots of time trying to 'game' `adb`.
Upvotes: 0 |
2020/01/16 | 442 | 1,583 | <issue_start>username_0: i just installed android x86 9.0c and i don't know why it doesn't boot on GUI mode and it boots only in commandline then after some seconds i can only see just a dash appearing and disappearing. I have tried to put my graphics settings to vboxvga and disabled 3D acceleration but it still doesn't work. What else i can do to fix this problem?
[here you can see that its booted in commandline , after some seconds it becomes black and all i can see is just a dash appearing and disappearing](https://i.stack.imgur.com/FH9jh.png)<issue_comment>username_1: According to the answer [here](https://stackoverflow.com/a/61247128) from Stack Overflow:
1. **Temporary fix**: append `nomodeset xforcevesa` at the end of the line containing kernel during boot time at the GRUB menu. During boot press `E` to edit. While on the line containing kernel press `E` again, append `nomodeset xforcevesa` at the end, press enter, then press `B` to boot.
2. **Permanent fix:** read the answer [here](https://stackoverflow.com/a/61247128).
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: This is a semi permanent fix. It will stay fixed until you open settings. Then you can just do it again.
**1.** On the main VBox screen in the display section click on what ever follows **Graphics Controller:**
**2.** In the box that opens select VBoxSVGA.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZbXdM.jpg)
Upvotes: 3 <issue_comment>username_3: Using the 32bit version worked for me. Also try an older Android version
Upvotes: 0 |
2020/01/17 | 1,629 | 6,308 | <issue_start>username_0: You may note the almost duplicate title from [this question](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/40771/local-files-revisited-opening-local-html-files-file-path-to-file-in-chrome). It keeps coming up when trying to solve my current issue.
I created a little web app to help at work. Just some HTML and JavaScript, and before Android started enforcing the Scoped Storage, I had no issues using it. Now when I try to load the URL (ie: `file:///storage/emulated/0/__MyDocs/SignInTracker.html`) I get an access denied error.
I could use Firefox, but it seems to be because it's not yet using the Scoped Storage standard, which if I understand correctly, will be a requirement in the next Android version, so that means I cannot rely on it working in the future. Also, Firefox just doesn't run as nicely as Chrome.
Is there a proper way for a non-Android-developer to use a local web app like this? Is there perhaps a location on the phone where I can place my .html and .js files that will allow Chrome to access them without issues? At work, I'm not online or connected to anything, so loading from another server/computer is not an option.
For reference: My Chrome version is 79.0.3945.116, my Firefox version is 68.4.1, and my phone OS is Android 10; Pixel Build/QP1A.191005.007.A1.<issue_comment>username_1: You have 2 options:
* You can use a local web server in your Android phone itself. There are many server apps out there in the Play Store, one such app is [Simple HTTP Server](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.ubi.common.http.server).
* You can put your documents into the folder `Android/data/com.android.chrome/files/Download/` in the internal storage. It's absolute path is `/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.android.chrome/files/Download/` or `/sdcard/Android/data/com.android.chrome/files/Download/`. This is the location where Chrome stores any downloaded files and therefore, this the only location where Chrome can access the files. But remember, uninstalling Chrome will delete this directory.
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: ### For Android 11 [One UI 3.1]
Browsing local files (in internal storage space) in Chrome using `file:///sdcard/` or `file://localhost/sdcard/`, one can notice that *only media* files and subdirectories (if any) are listed in almost every folder *except* the "Download" folder (but not in its subfolders=subdirs).
This means that on Android 11, the folder from which Chrome can read *local* (m)HTML is `/Download` folder, not `Android/data/com.android.chrome/files/Download` in internal or external storage space like in Android 10.
NOTE: on my Samsung devices, downloads onto internal storage were saved into `/Download` folder in all versions of Android (9, 10, 11), but downloads on an external SD card changed their folder from `/storage/emulated/exSD_CARD/Android/data/com.android.chrome/files/Download` in Android 10 to `/storage/emulated/exSD_CARD/Download` in Android 11, where `exSD_CARD` is the device's label for external SD card (`0123-4567` or `9C33-6BBD` in my devices)
Thus, (m)HTML files saved into `/Download` folder with Chrome (with .mhtml extension from older times or with manually added extension by renaming saved mhtml files without extension - from certain time Chrome stopped to append .mhtml extension to saved mhtml files :) on my devices, I guess from upgrading to Android 10)
This did *not* work for the mhtml files which have been *moved* to other folders and then returned to `/Download` folder. (And because of collecting saved mhtml files in many different folders, I have many mhtml files which are necessary to copy/move back to `/Download` folder prior to opening but they still cannot be opened)
### Notes about opening mhtml files
I need to use Total Commander's "Open with" functionality with `file://url` option checked, then choose Chrome in order to open (mhtml) file with Chrome (with `file://url` checked, the Chrome is in the list to choose from, with `file://url` option unchecked, it is not listed in the list) or to browse local files in internal storage directly in Chrome (file manager My Files provided with the device was unusable to choose mhtml files to be opened with Chrome)
(mhtml) files from `/Download` folder opened in this way are opened as offline versions of downloaded web pages - but only if the file was not moved and returned back to `/Download` folder, otherwise you get Access Denied message. Also, opening (mhtml) files in this way using Total Commander, but from other folders than `/Download` folder, leads to Access Denied message
Opening mhtml files from any folder using Total Commander, but with `file://url` option *unchecked* (in this case, the Chrome is not in 1st list, so you need to choose "Open with \*" option with folder icon from the list and subsequently choose Chrome from next list) behaves differently. Opening in such a way leads not to successful opening or Access Denied message but to Save as Dialog Form in which one can choose also if the resaved mhtml file should be saved to internal storage or external SD card (if present). In this way, *resaved* mhtml files in `/Download` folder (on internal or external storage space) can be now opened using Total Commander "Open with" dialog with *checked* `file://url` option.
---
Still, there exists a way of opening the (m)HTML files with Chrome
* without other browsers/viewer
* without rooting the Android device
but maybe only until the next update :)
Upvotes: 3 <issue_comment>username_3: My workaround to open local files on my Samsung tablet is this:
1. Install Ghost Commander from f-droid.org ([link](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.ghostsq.commander/))
2. Navigate to the directory where the .html file is, then double-click on it and open with Chrome, Opera, or Samsung web browser. Sadly I'm unable to associate with Firefox for Android (not listed).
The URL seems a bit random: `content://com.ghostsq.commander.FileProvider/FS/L3N0c3JhZ2UvZW11bBF1ZWQvMC9Nb3ZpZXMvenNhbmk/videos.html`
But everything works, all the relative paths listed in the .html are working.
In my case, I have a list of videos which I can filter from .css only (embedded inside the .html file) without any additional javascript.
Upvotes: 1 |
2020/01/18 | 2,034 | 6,472 | <issue_start>username_0: **TL;DR:**
On-device, we can navigate to *Settings › Apps,* and for each app separately can call up details on storage used: by the app itself, by its data, by its cache. Is it possible to obtain those details from the command line, ideally via ADB – and ***without having root access?***
**In detail:**
I've already searched the web, but found no information on this. I've already tried walking the package list (`pm list packages`), obtaining the path to the APK file (`adb shell pm path $pkgname | awk -F':' '{print $2}'`), and getting the file size of that (`adb shell stat $path | grep Size`) – but that has a series of disadvantages:
* it only gives me the size of the APK (for updated system apps, only of the latest update)
* even if scripted, it takes ~2s per app to obtain even that. As today's devices already ship with far more than 100 system apps, it would take "ages" even if only a few user apps were installed (almost 6 minutes on an almost virgin Wiko Sunny 3 where I just tried that)
* details on data and cache are completely missing
Ideally, Android has already somewhere collected those details; it doesn't take that long via the GUI. Maybe there's some database one could query ***without having root privileges*** – or some XML to parse, or some shell command I missed?
**PS:** if you know about a root-only solution, that'd be "better than nothing". Please indicate that in a comment then so I can come back and ask you to make that an answer if there are no non-root solutions.<issue_comment>username_1: My first instinct to dig out such information which is often available via programming route is to go through dumps of various system services. One such service is *diskstats* whose only purpose is to dump the status of the disk. Looking into the java code of [DiskStatsService.java](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/heads/oreo-release/services/core/java/com/android/server/DiskStatsService.java) for various Android releases, I noticed that the information you are looking for is available since Android Oreo. Among other things, the dump shows all the package names, their package sizes, their app data size, and their cache sizes. That information is also dumped into the file */data/system/diskstats\_cache.json* but this file cannot be accessed without root access though.
The dump is pretty *ugly* so I wrote a bash script to show data neatly. Run this script in your Linux.
Here's the script (and it does not require root access too):
```
#!/bin/bash
USRDIR="$HOME"
F_DISK_STATS="$USRDIR"/diskstats.txt
F_PKG_NAMES="$USRDIR"/package_names.txt
F_PKG_SIZE="$USRDIR"/app_pkg_sizes.txt
F_DAT_SIZE="$USRDIR"/app_data_sizes.txt
F_CACHE_SIZE="$USRDIR"/app_cache_sizes.txt
# ADVISE: do a check whether ADB is working fine or not
adb shell dumpsys diskstats > "$F_DISK_STATS"
# Separating data into relevant named files
sed -n '/Package Names:/p' "$F_DISK_STATS" | sed -e 's/,/\n/g' -e 's/"//g' -e 's/.*\[//g' -e 's/\].*//g' > "$F_PKG_NAMES"
sed -n '/App Sizes:/p' "$F_DISK_STATS" | sed -e 's/,/\n/g' -e 's/.*\[//g' -e 's/\].*//g' > "$F_PKG_SIZE"
sed -n '/App Data Sizes:/p' "$F_DISK_STATS" | sed -e 's/,/\n/g' -e 's/.*\[//g' -e 's/\].*//g' > "$F_DAT_SIZE"
sed -n '/Cache Sizes:/p' "$F_DISK_STATS" | sed -e 's/,/\n/g' -e 's/.*\[//g' -e 's/\].*//g' > "$F_CACHE_SIZE"
# Printing package names and their sizes
ttl_apps=$(wc -l "$F_PKG_NAMES" | cut -d ' ' -f1)
count=1
while [ $count -le $ttl_apps ]; do
pkg=$(sed -n "${count}p" "$F_PKG_NAMES")
pkg_size=$(sed -n "${count}p" "$F_PKG_SIZE")
dat_size=$(sed -n "${count}p" "$F_DAT_SIZE")
csh_size=$(sed -n "${count}p" "$F_CACHE_SIZE")
echo -e "Pkg Name: $pkg"
echo -e "\t Pkg_size=$pkg_size bytes"
echo -e "\t Data_size=$dat_size bytes"
echo -e "\t Cache_size=$csh_size bytes"
echo -e "\t Total_size=$(($pkg_size + $dat_size + $csh_size)) bytes\n"
count=$(( $count + 1));
done
```
Output when tested on OnePlus 6 (Android 9):
```
Pkg Name: org.xbmc.kodi
Pkg_size=144297984 bytes
Data_size=55771136 bytes
Cache_size=54341632 bytes
Total_size=254410752 bytes
Pkg Name: rikka.appops
Pkg_size=10330112 bytes
Data_size=1740800 bytes
Cache_size=163840 bytes
Total_size=12234752 bytes
Pkg Name: com.a0soft.gphone.aSpotCat
Pkg_size=16228352 bytes
Data_size=1101824 bytes
Cache_size=163840 bytes
Total_size=17494016 bytes
```
Upvotes: 4 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: I've written a Python version. (Mainly intended for cases when you need to further work with the data.)
It works on its own as well. Without arguments, prints a table of all apps; you can only print some apps by providing their names as arguments.
```
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from subprocess import run, PIPE, DEVNULL
from json import loads
def get_appdata():
output = run(['adb','shell','dumpsys','diskstats'], stdout=PIPE, stderr=DEVNULL, check=True, text=True).stdout
datapoints = {
'Package Names': 'name',
'App Sizes': 'size',
'App Data Sizes': 'data',
'Cache Sizes': 'cache',
}
_data = {}
for line in output.splitlines():
for prefix, dataname in datapoints.items():
if line.startswith(prefix + ': '):
_data[dataname] = loads(line[len(prefix)+2:])
for name, dataname in datapoints.items():
if dataname not in _data:
raise ValueError(f'dumpsys returned invalid output: missing `{name}:` line')
assert len({len(x) for x in _data.values()}) == 1, 'dumpsys returned invalid output: unequal length of data fields'
data = {}
for i, app in enumerate(_data['name']):
data[app] = {}
for dp in ['size', 'data', 'cache']:
data[app][dp] = _data[dp][i]
return data
def show_table(appdata, apps=None):
cwidth = max(len(x) for x in appdata.keys())
print('{0:<{1}}'.format('App', cwidth), ' App', ' Data', ' Cache')
for app, sizes in appdata.items():
if apps is None or app in apps:
print(f'{app:<{cwidth}} {sizes["size"]:>12} {sizes["data"]:>12} {sizes["cache"]:>12}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
appdata = get_appdata()
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
show_table(appdata)
else:
show_table(appdata, sys.argv[1:])
```
(Feel free to use and adapt. Hereby released to the Public Domain.)
Upvotes: 0 |
2020/01/22 | 344 | 1,134 | <issue_start>username_0: **Xiaomi MIUI10Global8.12.20/Redmi Note4**
While trying to find a way to set an alarm as a full charge notification,[this search result popped up](https://c.mi.com/thread-2511709-1-0.html/id=)***(manually set the alarm)***.
Since this a frequently required feature, is there an app or something to automatically achieve this?<issue_comment>username_1: Bing gives the worst search results!
After a google search [the following results popped up](https://www.maketecheasier.com/notify-when-android-battery-full/)
[Full Battery & Theft Alarm](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pextor.batterychargeralarm&hl=en_IN) is a popular app to achieve the result.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: I developed an app called [Battery Alarm](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=simple.batttery.alarm) (free, no ads).
The app notifies the user when the battery level reaches a certain threshold.
By setting the "Max Alarm" to 100%, the app will notify the user if the battery is fully charged.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/22 | 352 | 1,195 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a Pixel 4 with Android 10. I am new to Android.
I use both English and Spanish. I want to be able hold down the Spacebar to enter the mode where I can move the cursor around.
But when I do so, I get a pop-up asking me to switch languages. Since I can accomplish the same thing with the globe button, how can I disable this? Thanks
<issue_comment>username_1: Bing gives the worst search results!
After a google search [the following results popped up](https://www.maketecheasier.com/notify-when-android-battery-full/)
[Full Battery & Theft Alarm](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pextor.batterychargeralarm&hl=en_IN) is a popular app to achieve the result.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: I developed an app called [Battery Alarm](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=simple.batttery.alarm) (free, no ads).
The app notifies the user when the battery level reaches a certain threshold.
By setting the "Max Alarm" to 100%, the app will notify the user if the battery is fully charged.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/22 | 464 | 1,607 | <issue_start>username_0: How can I prevent the YouTube application from constantly showing a pop-up for the YouTube Premium trial? I'd like to never have this window.
<issue_comment>username_1: I have never been disturbed with these popups so far in the modded YouTube app named YouTube Vanced so I suggest you try this app. The app also has background play feature that can be used without a YouTube Premium subscription.
Head over the XDA thread [here](https://forum.xda-developers.com/android/apps-games/app-youtube-vanced-edition-t3758757) to know more about this app and learn about its installation.
Note: the app automatically blocks ads served by YouTube.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: This [answer](https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-stop-YouTube-from-offering-me-YouTube-Premium-even-after-I-say-no-repeatedly) is from Quora:
>
> Tap “channel icon”, top right hand corner. This will lead to “account”.
>
>
> Scroll down to “settings”, and select “notifications”.
>
>
> Scroll down to “Product Updates”, and turn the ‘switch' off by tapping on it. It shall turn grey, and point to the left.
>
>
> While you're there, you can also change any other settings that may have been bothering you.
>
>
> This may reset whenever YouTube updates, so remember to switch it off again if the adverts re-appear.
>
>
>
For the past 6-8 months, I have not been using the Youtube app (I prefer [NewPipe](https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipe/releases) to access Youtube). So, I can't confirm if the above suggestions work 100% of the time.
Upvotes: 2 |
2020/01/24 | 1,113 | 4,439 | <issue_start>username_0: Having looked around hither and thither now for a night as to how to factory reset a Nokia 2.2, I am still a bit confused and unable to do it.
Holding **volume-down + power on** brings me to a boot screen saying *"=> FASTBOOT mode"*, but no buttons are having effect after that. Apparently the next step is to connect it via usb cable to a Windows computer with some specific tool or another installed on it?
I've seen people in youtube videos apparently using a Windows tool called **'[InfinityBox AST](https://android.stackexchange.com/search?q=infinitybox)'** , and I have tried running that in a Windows VM, but for some (in my opinion) suspect reason, 'InfinityBox' decides to detect that's it's being ran under VirtualBox, and instantly refusing to launch with a message specifically stating that it wont run on a Virtual Machine.
*(This 'vm detector' behavior is enough of a reason to me being quite reluctant and suspicious to even having attempted to run the utility trough Wine/Proton)*
* **Is there really no way to factory reset a Nokia 2.2 TA-1188 cellphone *without* requiring an actual physical (Windows) PC in addition to some shady unofficial utility made by neither Google nor Nokia?**
* If not possible without a PC, is there some Linux software solution able to perform the task?<issue_comment>username_1: You need to hold `Volume Up`+`Power` (not Volume Down). Keep holding until you see the android logo. It will take you to the Recovery mode. Use the volume keys to select "Wipe data/factory reset". Then press on the `Power` button. Choose Yes to wipe all user data.
When completed, you can select "Reboot system now".
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: **factory reset from fastboot**
enable OEM unlocking in developer options first
```
sudo apt install android-tools-adb android-tools-fastboot
fastboot flashing unlock
```
and if you want to re-lock bootloader
```
fastboot flashing lock
fastboot reboot
```
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_3: Having now been in contact with Nokia support; Apparently **there is no way**, at least with that specific phone in question *(or the specific firmware ver.?)*, to get it unlocked/factory reset, for the common user.
Fortunately, the dude at Nokia support chat checked the [IMEI](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/imei)'s of it, and it turned out it was still within warranty, by a hair's length. So having contacted the chain that sold it, a second time, it seems the local store will be replacing the phone tomorrow.
As such, and though depending on varying consumer rights in countries; My hindsight tip would be to **first *press the seller* with the fact**, rather than immediately *"making an appointment"* trough [Nokia's online warranty form](https://nokia.ebuilder.com/nb_NO/model), to send the phone away to Nokia as was suggested by Nokia support; Simply for Nokia to do the *"magic"* of unlocking ***your* bought and paid for property(!!)**, and sending it back to you ..Something which no doubt would have added considerably more time than the store simply replacing the device and having to deal with manufacturer warranty themselves.
**BTW:** If you are indeed able to get to the *'downed droid'* splash logo on your Nokia 2.2 (TA-1188) trough any physical button-combo, you just might want to confirm with [Nokia support](https://www.nokia.com/phones/support/) whether your phone might be a counterfeit one or not, or to verity that it's not been flashed with unoriginal and thus possibly tampered-with firmware.. *(just push your way trough their silly chat-bot for a few questions, and then an actual human will respond to your inquiry on the other end)*
**PS:** Google *did* eventually come trough with assistance in recovering my brother's hacked/locked Google account. (takes ~3.5 days).. But seemingly, that process also unlinks it from the/any associated device(s). Which is good, from a security perspective.. ..Though the problem becomes then, that that effectively makes it impossible to reset from online Android Device Manager as shown trough some online *how-to*'s .. *Meaning, the phone would've basically be considered as good as destroyed, if it had not been for it still being within warranty timerange... (personally, I'll be looking at Librem phone for myself in the near future, rather than risk experience a similar ordeal and frustration)*
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/24 | 683 | 2,272 | <issue_start>username_0: I'm trying to install TWRP but it says (**boot image with correct signature or disable verified boot**)
My device is (**Umidigi power**)
Or root my device
I have try with this:
```
UniversalAndroot
Framaroot
Magisk Manager
Magisk v20
KingoRoot
```
Can someone help me with this?
**Note 24/1-2020 17:31**
```
step 1: adb reboot bootloader
step 2: fastboot flashing unlock
step 3: Volume Up
```
Follow the guide here: <https://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=79819558&postcount=8>
**SP\_Flash\_Tool** for **magisk\_patched\_boot.img** in boot sector in **SP\_FLash\_Tool**
Install **Magisk Manager** V20.3 new version. and here we go. thanks for all imput :)<issue_comment>username_1: I know nothing about this device myself but, I have managed to find a thread over on XDA that contains a very beginner oriented guide on how to root the Umidigi power.
<https://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=79819558&postcount=8>
This post is actually part of a thread on installing TWRP on the phone, however, after a quick read I couldn't easily see instructions for installing TWRP itself.
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: **Follow these steps carefully (*It's almost same for every android devices*):**
>
> 1. Install ADB in your PC. Update the drivers of your device.
> 2. Boot your phone into recovery mode. (Make sure you turned on USB Debugging and OEM from developer options).
> 3. Open the ADB in your PC and check your phone is connected by USB or
> not. If it shows your phone in terminal then proceed further.
> 4. Reboot into fastboot.
> 5. Then unlock the bootloader (*fastboot oem unlock*).
> 6. After unlocking the bootloader flash the TWRP recovery's img file (*Be careful becuase TWRP recovery isn't same for every phone. You've
> to go tho their website and find your phone's. If it's not available
> in their website then don't worry you'll find it in unofficial
> websites*).
> 7. Now boot your phone into recovery mode. This will open TWRP recovery now.
> 8. Now you should use ADB sideload method or use your phones internal or external memory to store magisk zip and flash it using TWRP.
>
>
>
*You don't need to use KingoRoot to root. Magisk is an amazing tool to root any device.*
Upvotes: 1 |
2020/01/24 | 1,259 | 4,275 | <issue_start>username_0: The screen appears after booting into TWRP and trying to format memory:
I was trying to flash a custom ROM using TWRP recovery but it's showing **Unable to mount storage** & **Failed to mount '/data' (Invalid argument).**
I tried several methods like formatting memory but it's also not happening. It's showing **Unable to format to remove encryption.** Also tried to change the file format but nothing helped me. Now whenever I switch my phone on it automatically boot up into TWRP recovery mode. I tried [this method](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/201709/twrp-failed-to-mount-data) and almost every method possible but nothing helped.
I'm using **Moto E4 Plus** (*nicklaus*).<issue_comment>username_1: You can always format from command-line to be sure where the problem is (if any). **This will erase your whole `/data` partition** which contains personal data, apps etc.
* Boot to TWRP recovery.
* Find block device for `userdata` partition. Usually it's symlinked at `/dev/block/by-name/userdata` or `/dev/block/bootdevice/by-name/userdata`. See **FINDING BLOCK DEVICE** section in [this answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/208114/218526).
* Make sure `userdata` partition is not mounted (which already seems the case here). Execute `mount` to see all mounted filesystems. To un-mount open terminal or `adb shell` and execute:
```
~# umount /data
~# umount /sdcard
```
* Find partition size:
```
~# SIZE=$(blockdev --getsz /dev/block/by-name/userdata)
```
You get size in 512-byte sectors.
* Leave (at least) [16 KB](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/vold/+/refs/tags/android-9.0.0_r1/cryptfs.cpp#465) (32 sectors) at partition end for crypto footer - it's required on devices using Full Disk Encryption ([FDE](https://source.android.com/security/encryption/full-disk)):
```
~# SIZE=$((SIZE - 32))
```
* Create filesystem on the rest of space. To create `f2fs` filesystem:
```
~# mkfs.f2fs -l data /dev/block/by-name/userdata $SIZE
```
To create `ext4` filesystem, size is to be provided in block count. If using 4KB block size:
```
~# mkfs.ext4 -L data -b 4096 /dev/block/by-name/userdata $((SIZE * 512 / 4096))
```
Or if older [Android-specific](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/extras/+/3f6ea671d55b0f8ba9bab8826c817327d67ee9bb) `make_ext4fs` is available:
```
~# make_ext4fs -L data -l $((SIZE * 512)) /dev/block/by-name/userdata
```
`data` is filesystem/volume label.
---
**NOTES:**
* `blockdev` and `mkfs.*`/`make_ext4fs` are usually bundled with TWRP or you need to get static binaries.
* Why we need to leave space for crypto-footer? See quote from [Partition map](https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/nonab/device_code#partition-map):
>
> Starting in Android 3.0, the `recovery.fstab` file gains an additional optional field, *options*. Currently the only defined option is *length* , which lets you explicitly specify the length of the partition. This length is used when reformatting the partition (e.g., for the `userdata` partition during a data wipe/factory reset operation, or for the `system` partition during installation of a full OTA package). If the `length` value is negative, then the size to format is taken by adding the length value to the true partition size. For instance, setting `"length=-16384"` means the last 16k of that partition will not be overwritten when that partition is reformatted. This supports features such as encryption of the `userdata` partition (where encryption metadata is stored at the end of the partition that should not be overwritten).
>
>
>
* You don't need to provide filesystem size if you don't intend to encrypt your device or if device uses File Based Encryption ([FBE](https://source.android.com/security/encryption/file-based)). To create filesystem on whole partition:
```
~# mkfs.f2fs -l data /dev/block/by-name/userdata
```
Upvotes: 2 <issue_comment>username_2: I had the same problem, and what worked for me, I formatted it from command line, so while in fastboot mode I typed:
```
fastboot format userdata
```
Then I flashed TWRP and rebooted into it and the files in the storage were all showing, all was working.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/26 | 365 | 1,333 | <issue_start>username_0: I was about to buy some Samsung Galaxy Buds but then saw in the system requirements that they required **1.5GB of ram to operate!**
"Compatibility" section under "specifications"
<https://checkout.telstra.com.au/consumer/rewards/headphones-speakers/145>
I'm using an old S7 Android Galaxy phone. Right now it is using 2.9GB out of it's available 3.5GB of RAM just with the apps I have open.
I'm worried that my phone doesn't have enough ram to use the headphones.
Do the ear buds really require 1.5GB of RAM to operate?<issue_comment>username_1: I think this is just a misunderstanding:
The Galaxy Buds don't need 1.5 GB RAM free (nor do they use 1.5 GB RAM). The requirement means that your Android device needs to have at least 1.5 GB RAM installed in total. How much is free at the moment is of no concern (this is managed by Android).
Therefore older devices and low-cost devices with 1.0 GB or even 512MB RAM are officially not supported.
Your Galaxy S7 has 4GB RAM in total, hence you are fully compliant with the requirements.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: Your buds shouldn't ever need 1.5GB of RAM, since it's just a bluetooth device that relays information from your phone. If your device supports Bluetooth, then it's a given that it will be supported.
Upvotes: 0 |
2020/01/28 | 652 | 2,256 | <issue_start>username_0: I recently upgraded to a Samsung Galaxy S9 with Android 9 Pie installed. It has an annoying feature, each time I e.g. get a message via Telegram, a pop-up window appears over any other application I am currently using on top of the screen:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/27AHwl.png)
I want to disable that for *all* apps. I found [this reddit answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AndroidQuestions/comments/99ytjf/android_pie_how_do_i_disable_heads_uppeekpop/):
>
> When you're in notification settings for an app, there's the label for
> the notification channel and the checkbox next to it. Checking the
> checkbox enables/disables notifications entirely. Tapping the label,
> as unintuitive as it is, brings you to the advanced settings where you
> can disable pop up/sound/vibrations.
>
>
>
If I go to e.g. Settings>Notifications>Telegram, I can tap each single chat and disable pop-ups. This is tedious, surely there is a global option to turn this invasive feature off?<issue_comment>username_1: My S9+ is running Androud 10 UI2 and Telegram 6.0.1
I had the same issue which I finally solved. I went all through the app settings, then i tried android-apps-telegram settings with no luck.
I finally looked in android-settings-notifications and down at the bottom it says "looking for something else?" Click on the Smart pop-up view option and shut telegram off.
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_2: The in-app solution for Telegram 7.1.3 on Android 10:
`Menu` -> `Settings` -> `Notifications and Sounds` -> `Private chats` (or `Groups` or `Channels`) -> set `Importance` from `Urgent` to `High`
Upvotes: 1 <issue_comment>username_3: Yes there is!
1. Set-up adb. Use [THIS](https://www.howtogeek.com/125769/how-to-install-and-use-abd-the-android-debug-bridge-utility/) for reference
2. Enter `adb devices` and make sure your device is there
3. Enter `adb shell settings put global heads_up_notifications_enabled 0`
And you're done!
If you want to enable it again then just replace the command in step 3 with `adb shell settings put global heads_up_notifications_enabled 1`
Simple as that!
Upvotes: 2 |
2020/01/28 | 696 | 2,017 | <issue_start>username_0: When my phone connects to my home WiFi network, it sends DHCP request in order to get an IP address. It looks like the following:
```
22:50:53.743535 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 328)
0.0.0.0.68 > 255.255.255.255.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from a0:39:f7:5f:c0:45, length 300, xid 0xddd7abec, Flags [none]
Client-Ethernet-Address a0:39:f7:5f:c0:45
Vendor-rfc1048 Extensions
Magic Cookie 0x63825363
DHCP-Message Option 53, length 1: Discover
Client-ID Option 61, length 7: ether a0:39:f7:5f:c0:45
MSZ Option 57, length 2: 1500
Vendor-Class Option 60, length 18: "android-dhcp-7.1.2"
Hostname Option 12, length 9: "localhost"
Parameter-Request Option 55, length 10:
Subnet-Mask, Default-Gateway, Domain-Name-Server, Domain-Name
MTU, BR, Lease-Time, RN
RB, Vendor-Option
```
As you can see, there's `Vendor-Class Option 60, length 18: "android-dhcp-7.1.2"` which contains the OS version. Is there a way to remove this from the request?<issue_comment>username_1: It's [hard-coded](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/tags/android-7.1.2_r1/services/net/java/android/net/dhcp/DhcpPacket.java#617) in Java DhcpClient:
```
...
private String getVendorId() {
if (testOverrideVendorId != null) return testOverrideVendorId;
return "android-dhcp-" + Build.VERSION.RELEASE;
}
...
```
So the only way is to rebuild your ROM with modified source code. Or use a different DHCP client from command-line. For reference: [Connecting to WiFi via ADB Shell](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/219548/218526).
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer]<issue_comment>username_2: You can use an extender. My Android comes in the through a TP link extender as:
```
Vendor-Class Option 60, length 12: "udhcp 1.22.1"
```
Probably not want you want, but a possibility.
Upvotes: 0 |
2020/01/29 | 1,296 | 3,894 | <issue_start>username_0: I have a Samsung Galaxy S7 Edge in which I put a 400GB SanDisk micro-SD card to expand its storage space. Seems that didn't work though. The space is not available to me. And I can't really figure out why or how I can make this space available.
When I inserted the SD card, I selected that this SD card needs to be adopted as internal storage (I don't intend to take it out any time soon). And I had Android reformat it as it likes. However the storage app seems to be confused or the partitions messed up.
Bottom line, I'm not able to take more photos or transfer more music onto the phone because it's running out of storage.
Here's what the "Storage Settings" settings menu says about my disk usage:
* 367GB total used of **728GB**
+ Internal shared storage: 366GB used of 367GB
+ - Apps: 845MB
+ - Images: 483MB
+ - Videos: 0
+ - Audio: 19.50GB
+ - **System: 342GB**
+ - Other: 3.17GB
+ - Cached data: 112MB
+ SanDisk SD Card: 0.96GB used of 361GB
+ - Apps: 2.71GB
+ - Cached data: 40.42MB
Bold is my highlight. I don't understand why System is using 342GB or why it's counting the SD card double (the phone itself comes with 32GB built-in storage). Why is it not letting me store these files on the SD card?
I have Termux installed and here's the output of the `df` command:
```
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
rootfs 1680128 4560 1675568 1% /
tmpfs 1816220 448 1815772 1% /dev
tmpfs 1816220 0 1816220 0% /mnt
/dev/block/dm-0 378585556 1006608 377562564 1% /mnt/expand/612126b2-7bab-4bf8-8a24-ebacec5b0c23
/dev/block/sda14 4233152 1095448 3121320 26% /system
/dev/block/sda15 197472 188 193188 1% /cache
/dev/block/sda18 25772320 25243840 512096 99% /data
/data/media 25772320 25243840 512096 99% /storage/emulated
```
So I understand that this `/storage/emulated` is the one that's full, but somehow in this `/dev/block/dm-0` there is this 377.6GB of space being unused. How can I make that space available to me? I've got ADB installed on my computer if necessary. It seems that the only thing saved on the SD card is several apps.<issue_comment>username_1: if [adoptable-storage](https://android.stackexchange.com/tags/adoptable-storage/info) is supported from this ROM, all new installed apps will go to microSD Card by default, as long as `android:installLocation="auto"` is defined in [AndroidManifest.xml](http://developer.android.com/guide/appendix/install-location.html)
* check available disk space (of /data or /mnt/expand/\*)
* uninstall some apps
* check available disk space
* install some apps
* check available disk space
you will see available disk space for /data increases
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: The answer was found through a comment by <NAME> here: ["System" using 342GB storage?](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/220729/system-using-342gb-storage/220749#comment285301_220729) While I'd found this question prior to posting my own, I had dismissed it as being inapplicable since my `df` output is very different, and I hadn't found the menus shown in the screenshots there.
What I had to do is to go to Settings -> Storage -> The (almost empty) SD card. Then click on the grippy 3-dot menu in the top right, and select Migrate. You then get into the menu mentioned in the above answer (which was apparently supposed to show up when first installing the SD card, but didn't show for me). I moved the content, which took 15 minutes or so. And since then my phone indicates:
* Internal shared storage: 344GB used of 367GB
* SanDisk SD card: 26.32GB used of 361GB
When plugging in the phone, it now also indicates 334GB available space, and I can load more music and take more pictures.
Thank you for the suggestions, everyone.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |
2020/01/30 | 1,011 | 3,285 | <issue_start>username_0: Why on earth does the `adb shell dumpsys batterystats` command not print regular timestamps? (Like `usagestats` does for example, or literally anything else on the planet.)
Instead, it gives you a "RESET TIME" within the file, and the lines after that show how much time has passed since that time. "RESET" times mostly appear just once at the beginning, sometimes however they appear multiple times within the log, sometimes even skipping hours, seemingly at random.
And as if that isn't bad enough.. Let me just show a real-life example:
```
adb shell dumpsys batterystats
```
Gives me (among other things of course) this:
```
0 (9) RESET:TIME: 2020-01-29-01-37-39
```
Good. So the time starts at `2020-01-29-01-37-39`. Alright. Only reset time in the output.
I just turned the screen on. Here is the entry in the log for that:
```
+21h44m19s484ms (4) 057 +wake_lock=1000:"PhoneWindowManager.mPowerKeyWakeLock" +screen screenwake=1000:"android.policy:POWER"
```
Great. `+21h44m19s`. It is now (well, it was when this happened) `2020-01-30-00-16-00`.
"RESET" time of `2020-01-29-01-37-39` + `21h44m19s` = `2020-01-29-23-21-58`. **?????**
---
Okay, down to my actual questions:
1. Why does `dumpsys batterystats` not use normal timestamps?
2. How does one read those timestamps? They seem beyond broken.
3. Is there a way to change it to "normal" timestamps?
---
(My goal is to track when exactly the screen (and optionally WiFi) was on and when it was off. If there is any other way to do that besides `batterystats`, please leave a comment.)<issue_comment>username_1: if [adoptable-storage](https://android.stackexchange.com/tags/adoptable-storage/info) is supported from this ROM, all new installed apps will go to microSD Card by default, as long as `android:installLocation="auto"` is defined in [AndroidManifest.xml](http://developer.android.com/guide/appendix/install-location.html)
* check available disk space (of /data or /mnt/expand/\*)
* uninstall some apps
* check available disk space
* install some apps
* check available disk space
you will see available disk space for /data increases
Upvotes: 0 <issue_comment>username_2: The answer was found through a comment by <NAME> here: ["System" using 342GB storage?](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/220729/system-using-342gb-storage/220749#comment285301_220729) While I'd found this question prior to posting my own, I had dismissed it as being inapplicable since my `df` output is very different, and I hadn't found the menus shown in the screenshots there.
What I had to do is to go to Settings -> Storage -> The (almost empty) SD card. Then click on the grippy 3-dot menu in the top right, and select Migrate. You then get into the menu mentioned in the above answer (which was apparently supposed to show up when first installing the SD card, but didn't show for me). I moved the content, which took 15 minutes or so. And since then my phone indicates:
* Internal shared storage: 344GB used of 367GB
* SanDisk SD card: 26.32GB used of 361GB
When plugging in the phone, it now also indicates 334GB available space, and I can load more music and take more pictures.
Thank you for the suggestions, everyone.
Upvotes: 3 [selected_answer] |