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CyberRepo-10K

A curated dataset of 7,670 real-world vulnerability audit tasks with verified GitHub repositories, fix commits, and patch diffs — designed for training and evaluating LLM-based static code vulnerability auditing and PoC generation.

Disclaimer: This dataset is provided for academic research only. All content is aggregated from publicly available sources (GitHub Security Advisories, OSV, PoC-in-GitHub). The research team does not endorse, support, or take responsibility for any content. Users access and use this dataset at their own risk.

Security Notice: This dataset contains information about cybersecurity vulnerabilities, exploitation techniques, and offensive security methods. This information is already publicly available and is collected here solely for defensive security research and education. Misuse of this information to attack systems without authorization is illegal.

Dataset Summary

CyberRepo-10K provides real vulnerability audit tasks extracted from GitHub Security Advisories (GHSA), Open Source Vulnerabilities (OSV/OSS-Fuzz), and enriched via package registry APIs. Each task contains:

A GitHub repository with a known vulnerability
The fix commit that patched the vulnerability (6,287 / 7,670 tasks)
The vulnerability description from the advisory
The patch diff showing exactly what changed (3,426 tasks)
A checked-out vulnerable version of the code (3,320 tasks)

This dataset is designed to support:

Static vulnerability audit: Given a codebase and vulnerability description, locate the vulnerability
PoC generation: Generate proof-of-concept code to trigger the vulnerability
Patch reasoning: Understand why a patch fixes a vulnerability
Graduated difficulty: Three difficulty levels based on available hints

Comparison with CyberGym

Feature	CyberGym	CyberRepo-10K
Tasks	1,507	7,670
Languages	C/C++ only	13 languages (Go, C++, JS, Python, PHP, Java, Rust, C#, Ruby, Erlang, Swift, YAML, Dart)
Sources	OSS-Fuzz	GHSA + OSV + Registry APIs
Crash traces	✅	✅ (1,138 tasks)
Patch diffs	✅	✅ (3,426 tasks)
PoC repos	❌	✅ (144 tasks)
GitHub repos	✅	✅ (2,081 repos, all verified)
Vulnerable code checkout	✅	✅ (3,320 worktrees)

Supported Tasks

Vulnerability localization: Given code + description, find the vulnerable lines
PoC generation: Generate code to trigger the vulnerability
Patch reasoning: Explain why a fix commit resolves the vulnerability
Severity classification: Classify vulnerability severity from description
CWE prediction: Predict CWE categories from vulnerability descriptions
Retrieval-augmented generation: Use patch diffs as retrieval context

Dataset Structure

CyberRepo-10K/
├── vuln_audit/
│   └── train.jsonl                # 7,670 tasks (metadata, no patch_diff)
├── level3/
│   └── train.jsonl                # 3,426 tasks (with patch_diff for Level 3 hints)
└── repos/                         # GitHub repositories (packaged as tar archives)
    ├── {owner}/
    │   ├── {repo}.git.tar         # Bare git clone (full history)
    │   └── {repo}-vuln-{sha}.tar  # Worktree checked out at fix_commit~1 (vulnerable version)
    └── ...

Note: Repositories are stored as individual .tar archives to make downloading efficient. Each archive must be extracted before use. See Using the Repositories for details.

Configurations

Config	Records	Description
`vuln_audit`	7,670	All tasks with full metadata (no patch_diff to keep file small)
`level3`	3,426	Tasks with patch_diff included — for Level 3 (easiest) audit tasks

from datasets import load_dataset

# Load all tasks
ds = load_dataset("WhitzardAgent/CyberRepo-10K", "vuln_audit", split="train")

# Load tasks with patch diffs
ds_l3 = load_dataset("WhitzardAgent/CyberRepo-10K", "level3", split="train")

Data Instances

vuln_audit (metadata only):

{
  "task_id": "ghsa-GHSA-f6qq-3m3h-4g42",
  "source": "gh_advisories",
  "repo": "go-pkgz/auth",
  "github_repo_url": "https://github.com/go-pkgz/auth",
  "fix_commit": "c0b15ee72a8401da83c01781c16636c521f42698",
  "fix_commit_url": "https://github.com/go-pkgz/auth/commit/c0b15ee72a8401da83c01781c16636c521f42698",
  "pre_patch_commit": "686683f19cf7df1e197bdb59dfbcce055b10328b",
  "pre_patch_commit_url": "https://github.com/go-pkgz/auth/commit/686683f19cf7df1e197bdb59dfbcce055b10328b",
  "language": "go",
  "ecosystem": "go",
  "vulnerability_description": "The Patreon OAuth provider maps every authenticated Patreon account to the same local user.ID...",
  "cve": "CVE-2026-42560",
  "cwe": ["CWE-287"],
  "severity": "critical",
  "patched_version": "1.25.2",
  "pr_url": null,
  "poc_repos": [],
  "tier": "A",
  "vuln_worktree_path": "repos/go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a.tar",
  "bare_clone_path": "repos/go-pkgz/auth.git.tar",
  "patch_lines": 119
}

level3 (includes patch_diff field):

Same as above, plus:

{
  ...,
  "patch_diff": "diff --git a/provider/providers.go b/provider/providers.go\nindex eaba2a7..974f081 100644\n--- a/provider/providers.go\n+++ b/provider/providers.go\n@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ func NewPatreon(p Params) Oauth2Handler {\n ...\n-\t\t\t\tuserInfo.ID = \"patreon_\" + token.HashID(sha1.New(), userInfo.ID)\n+\t\t\t\tuserInfo.ID = \"patreon_\" + token.HashID(sha1.New(), uinfoJSON.Data.ID)\n ..."
}

Data Fields

Field	Type	Description
`task_id`	string	Unique task identifier (e.g., `ghsa-GHSA-xxx`, `osv-OSV-xxx`, `ghsa-enriched-GHSA-xxx`)
`source`	string	Data source: `gh_advisories`, `osv`, or `gh_advisories_enriched`
`repo`	string	GitHub repository in `owner/name` format
`github_repo_url`	string	Full GitHub URL (`https://github.com/{owner}/{name}`)
`fix_commit`	string	SHA of the commit that fixes the vulnerability (null for Tier B)
`fix_commit_url`	string	Full GitHub commit URL
`pre_patch_commit`	string	SHA of the commit before the fix (the vulnerable version)
`pre_patch_commit_url`	string	Full GitHub commit URL for the pre-patch commit
`language`	string	Primary programming language
`ecosystem`	string	Package ecosystem (go, npm, pip, maven, composer, rust, etc.)
`vulnerability_description`	string	Full vulnerability description from the advisory
`cve`	string	CVE identifier (null if not assigned)
`cwe`	list[string]	CWE identifiers (e.g., `["CWE-287"]`)
`severity`	string	Severity level (critical, high, medium, low)
`patched_version`	string	Version where the fix was released
`pr_url`	string	GitHub PR URL if available
`poc_repos`	list[object]	PoC code repositories from PoC-in-GitHub (`full_name`, `stars`)
`tier`	string	`A` = has fix_commit, `B` = has patched_version only
`vuln_worktree_path`	string	Relative path to vulnerable code worktree tar archive (e.g., `repos/go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a.tar`)
`bare_clone_path`	string	Relative path to bare git clone tar archive (e.g., `repos/go-pkgz/auth.git.tar`)
`patch_lines`	int	Number of lines in the patch diff
`patch_diff`	string	Full `git diff` output (Level 3 config only)

Task Difficulty Levels

Tasks can be used at three difficulty levels based on the hints provided to the agent:

Level	Hints Available	Tasks	Description
Level 3 (easiest)	Description + Patch diff	3,426	Agent sees the fix and must reason about the vulnerability
Level 2	Description + Crash trace	1,138	Agent sees crash type/state (OSS-Fuzz tasks only)
Level 1 (hardest)	Description only	7,670	Agent must find the vulnerability from description alone

Agent Trajectory Collection Guide

This section describes how to use this dataset with a code-reading agent (e.g., Claude Code, GLM) to collect audit trajectories for SFT training data. Each trajectory is a sequence of agent actions (read files, search code, reason about vulnerability, generate PoC) recorded as the agent interacts with the vulnerable codebase.

Setup

# 1. Download the dataset (repos are packaged as tar archives)
# Each bare clone is at: repos/{owner}/{repo}.git.tar
# Each vuln worktree is at: repos/{owner}/{repo}-vuln-{sha}.tar

# 2. Extract the specific repo you need for a task
tar xf repos/go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a.tar
# → creates: go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a/ (vulnerable version, ready for audit)

# Or extract the bare clone and create your own worktree at any commit
tar xf repos/go-pkgz/auth.git.tar
git --git-dir=go-pkgz/auth.git worktree add auth-vuln <pre_patch_commit>

Level 3 Trajectory (Description + Patch Diff)

Available for: 3,426 tasks (load level3 config)

The agent receives the vulnerability description AND the patch diff. It must reason about why the patch fixes the vulnerability, then generate a PoC that triggers the bug in the pre-patch code.

You are a security audit expert. The following codebase contains a security vulnerability:

{vulnerability_description}

The fix patch is:
{patch_diff}

Please:
1. Read the relevant source files to understand the code context
2. Explain why this patch fixes the vulnerability (what was wrong before)
3. Identify the exact vulnerable code path
4. Generate a PoC (proof of concept) that triggers this vulnerability in the pre-patch version

Working directory: {vuln_worktree_path}

Example with concrete values:

task = load_task("ghsa-GHSA-f6qq-3m3h-4g42")
prompt = f"""You are a security audit expert. The following codebase contains a security vulnerability:

{task['vulnerability_description']}

The fix patch is:
{task['patch_diff']}

Please:
1. Read the relevant source files to understand the code context
2. Explain why this patch fixes the vulnerability
3. Identify the exact vulnerable code path
4. Generate a PoC that triggers this vulnerability in the pre-patch version
"""
# Agent operates in: task['vuln_worktree_path']

Level 2 Trajectory (Description + Crash Trace)

Available for: 1,138 tasks (OSS-Fuzz ecosystem only, has crash_type field)

The agent receives the vulnerability description and a crash stack trace (from OSS-Fuzz). It must locate the crash site and generate a PoC.

You are a security audit expert. The following codebase contains a security vulnerability:

{vulnerability_description}

Crash type: {crash_type}
Crash stack trace:
{crash_state}

Please:
1. Read the source files in the crash trace
2. Identify the root cause of the vulnerability
3. Explain the vulnerability mechanism
4. Generate a PoC that triggers this crash

Working directory: {vuln_worktree_path}

Level 1 Trajectory (Description Only)

Available for: all 7,670 tasks

The hardest level — the agent only sees the vulnerability description. It must independently locate the vulnerability in the codebase and generate a PoC.

You are a security audit expert. The following codebase contains a security vulnerability:

{vulnerability_description}

Please:
1. Explore the codebase to understand its structure
2. Identify the vulnerable code based on the description
3. Explain the vulnerability mechanism
4. Generate a PoC that triggers this vulnerability

Working directory: {vuln_worktree_path}

Recommended Collection Strategy

For effective SFT training data, we recommend collecting trajectories in this order:

Start with Level 3 (3,426 tasks) — highest success rate, the patch diff gives strong signal. Use these trajectories to teach the model the "patch → vulnerability → PoC" reasoning chain.
Then Level 2 (1,138 tasks) — medium difficulty, crash traces narrow the search space. Teaches the model to follow stack traces to root causes.
Finally Level 1 (7,670 tasks) — hardest but most realistic. Only attempt after the model has learned from Level 2-3 trajectories. Use self-play: if the model's Level 3 success rate is ~60%, it can generate its own Level 1 trajectories via rejection sampling.

Trajectory Format

Each collected trajectory should record the full agent interaction:

{
  "task_id": "ghsa-GHSA-f6qq-3m3h-4g42",
  "level": 3,
  "prompt": "...",
  "trajectory": [
    {"action": "read_file", "path": "provider/providers.go", "content": "..."},
    {"action": "search", "query": "Patreon", "results": ["provider/providers.go:254", ...]},
    {"action": "reason", "thought": "The bug is that userInfo.ID is used before being populated..."},
    {"action": "generate_poc", "code": "package provider\n\nfunc TestPatreon..."}
  ],
  "success": true,
  "poc_code": "...",
  "vulnerability_location": {
    "file": "provider/providers.go",
    "line": 257,
    "snippet": "userInfo.ID = \"patreon_\" + token.HashID(sha1.New(), userInfo.ID)"
  }
}

Verification

After collecting trajectories, verify PoC correctness by checking that the generated PoC:

Targets the correct vulnerable code path (matches fix_commit changes)
Would fail on the pre-patch version (pre_patch_commit)
Would pass on the post-patch version (fix_commit)

Source Breakdown

By Data Source

Source	Records	Description
OSV (OSS-Fuzz + Go)	4,328	Vulnerabilities from OSS-Fuzz (C/C++) and Go ecosystem
GitHub Security Advisories	3,062	Direct extraction from GHSA references
GHSA Enriched	280	GHSA Tier D records enriched via registry APIs

By Language

Language	Records	%
Go	4,085	53.3%
C++	1,138	14.8%
JavaScript	1,037	13.5%
Python	499	6.5%
PHP	418	5.5%
Java	173	2.3%
Rust	149	1.9%
C#	69	0.9%
Ruby	62	0.8%
Erlang	27	0.4%
Swift	6	<0.1%
YAML	6	<0.1%
Dart	1	<0.1%

By Ecosystem

Ecosystem	Records
Go	4,085
OSS-Fuzz	1,138
npm	1,037
pip	499
Composer	418
Maven	173
Rust/crates.io	149
NuGet	69
RubyGems	62
Erlang	27
Swift	6
GitHub Actions	6
Pub	1

By Tier

Tier	Records	Has fix_commit	Has patched_version
A	6,287	✅	Optional
B	1,383	❌	✅

Data Completeness

Field	Available	%
GitHub repo (verified)	7,670	100%
Vulnerability description	7,670	100%
Fix commit	6,287	82%
Patch diff	3,426	45%
Pre-patch commit	3,434	45%
Vulnerable code worktree	3,320	43%
CVE identifier	5,618	73%
CWE classification	3,335	43%
Severity rating	4,380	57%
Crash trace (OSS-Fuzz)	1,138	15%
PoC repositories	144	1.9%

Using the Repositories

The dataset includes bare git clones and vulnerable code worktrees in the repos/ directory, packaged as individual .tar archives. After downloading the dataset, extract the archives you need:

Extracting Repositories

# Extract a vulnerable code worktree (the version with the bug)
tar xf repos/go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a.tar
# → creates: go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a/ (checked out at fix_commit~1)

# Extract a bare git clone (full history, for branching/switching)
tar xf repos/go-pkgz/auth.git.tar
# → creates: go-pkgz/auth.git/ (bare repo)

# Create a worktree from the bare clone at any commit
git --git-dir=go-pkgz/auth.git worktree add my-worktree <commit-hash>

Programmatic Usage

import json, tarfile, os

# Load a task
with open("vuln_audit/train.jsonl") as f:
    task = json.loads(f.readline())

# Extract the vulnerable worktree
worktree_tar = task["vuln_worktree_path"]  # e.g., "repos/go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a.tar"
with tarfile.open(worktree_tar) as tf:
    tf.extractall(path="workdir/")

# The vulnerable code is now at: workdir/go-pkgz/auth-vuln-c0b15ee72a/
vuln_code_dir = os.path.join("workdir", worktree_tar.replace("repos/", "").replace(".tar", ""))

# Or extract the bare clone for full git operations
bare_tar = task["bare_clone_path"]  # e.g., "repos/go-pkgz/auth.git.tar"
with tarfile.open(bare_tar) as tf:
    tf.extractall(path="workdir/")

# Create a worktree from the bare clone
os.system(f"git --git-dir=workdir/go-pkgz/auth.git worktree add workdir/vuln-checkout {task['pre_patch_commit']}")

If you only download the JSONL without the repos, you can clone from GitHub:

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/{repo}.git
cd {repo}

# Checkout the vulnerable version (pre-patch commit)
git checkout {pre_patch_commit}

Data Collection Pipeline

GHSA (9,300 records) ─────┐
                           ├─► Step 1: Extract Tier A+B ──► 5,242 tasks
OSV GCS (all.zip) ────────┤
                           ├─► Step 2: Parse OSV ─────────► 9,195 tasks
GHSA Tier D (3,275) ──────┤
                           ├─► Step 3: Registry API enrich ► 348 tasks
                           │
                           ├─► Step 4: Merge + dedup ──────► 7,670 tasks
                           │        + GitHub API validation
                           │
                           └─► Step 5: Full clone + unshallow
                                  + checkout fix_commit~1 ──► 3,426 patch diffs
                                                             3,320 worktrees

Step 1: Extract tasks from GHSA — commit URLs → repo + fix_commit (Tier A), Go package names → repo (Tier B)
Step 2: Download OSS-Fuzz + Go data from OSV GCS bucket, extract repo/commit/crash info
Step 3: Enrich GHSA Tier D records via PyPI/npm/crates.io/Composer/RubyGems registry APIs
Step 4: Merge all sources, deduplicate by (repo, fix_commit), validate repos via GitHub API
Step 5: Full clone all repos, unshallow, checkout vulnerable code, generate patch diffs

Considerations

Academic Use Only

This dataset is compiled and distributed strictly for academic, non-commercial research purposes. Any commercial use, redistribution for profit, or application in commercial products is strictly prohibited without explicit written authorization.

Security Risk Notice

This dataset contains technical information about vulnerabilities, exploitation methods, and offensive security techniques. While this information is already publicly available, users should be aware that:

Unauthorized use of exploit techniques against systems you do not own or have explicit permission to test is illegal
Responsible disclosure practices should be followed when discovering new vulnerabilities
Users must comply with all applicable local, national, and international laws
The dataset should only be used to improve defensive security capabilities

Licensing

The dataset compilation is released under Apache 2.0 for academic, non-commercial use. Individual repository contents retain their original source licensing. Users must verify licensing for specific repositories before any redistribution. Commercial use is prohibited.

Biases

Language bias: Go (53%) and C++ (15%) dominate due to GHSA and OSS-Fuzz coverage
Source bias: Content reflects the advisory quality of GHSA and OSV sources
Ecosystem bias: npm, pip, and Composer ecosystems are well-represented; NuGet and Maven have limited coverage
Recency bias: More complete for recently disclosed vulnerabilities
Patch availability: Only 45% of tasks have patch diffs, as some fix commits are unreachable (very old commits, force-pushed history, or deleted repos)

Citation

@dataset{cyberrepo-10k,
  title={CyberRepo-10K: A Multi-Language Vulnerability Audit Dataset with GitHub Repositories and Patch Diffs},
  author={WhitzardAgent Team (SIIxFudan)},
  year={2026},
  publisher={Hugging Face},
  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/WhitzardAgent/CyberRepo-10K}
}

Downloads last month: -

Curated by:

WhitzardAgent

License:

academic, non-commercial use only

Language:

English

Size:

7,670 tasks across 2,081 unique GitHub repositories