query dict | candidates listlengths 53 60 |
|---|---|
{
"doc_id": "22569528",
"title": "ERK1/2 MAP kinases: structure, function, and regulation.",
"abstract": "ERK1 and ERK2 are related protein-serine/threonine kinases that participate in the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signal transduction cascade. This cascade participates in the regulation of a large variety of processes including cell adhesion, cell cycle progression, cell migration, cell survival, differentiation, metabolism, proliferation, and transcription. MEK1/2 catalyze the phosphorylation of human ERK1/2 at Tyr204/187 and then Thr202/185. The phosphorylation of both tyrosine and threonine is required for enzyme activation. Whereas the Raf kinase and MEK families have narrow substrate specificity, ERK1/2 catalyze the phosphorylation of hundreds of cytoplasmic and nuclear substrates including regulatory molecules and transcription factors. ERK1/2 are proline-directed kinases that preferentially catalyze the phosphorylation of substrates containing a Pro-Xxx-Ser/Thr-Pro sequence. Besides this primary structure requirement, many ERK1/2 substrates possess a D-docking site, an F-docking site, or both. A variety of scaffold proteins including KSR1/2, IQGAP1, MP1, β-Arrestin1/2 participate in the regulation of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase cascade. The regulatory dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 is mediated by protein-tyrosine specific phosphatases, protein-serine/threonine phosphatases, and dual specificity phosphatases. The combination of kinases and phosphatases make the overall process reversible. The ERK1/2 catalyzed phosphorylation of nuclear transcription factors including those of Ets, Elk, and c-Fos represents an important function and requires the translocation of ERK1/2 into the nucleus by active and passive processes involving the nuclear pore. These transcription factors participate in the immediate early gene response. The activity of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK cascade is increased in about one-third of all human cancers, and inhibition of components of this cascade by targeted inhibitors represents an important anti-tumor strategy. Thus far, however, only inhibition of mutant B-Raf (Val600Glu) has been found to be therapeutically efficacious.",
"corpus_id": 42176493
} | [
{
"doc_id": "17928366",
"title": "MEK1 and MEK2 regulate distinct functions by sorting ERK2 to different intracellular compartments.",
"abstract": "In this study, we provide novel insight into the mechanism of how ERK2 can be sorted to different intracellular compartments and thereby mediate different r... |
{"doc_id":"23613754","title":"ERK2 suppresses self-renewal capacity of embryonic stem cells, but is (...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"18818436","title":"Analysis of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 function in neura(...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"29409062","title":"Novel overlapping subgraph clustering for the detection of antigen epi(...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"18443018","title":"PEPITO: improved discontinuous B-cell epitope prediction using multip(...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"29360039","title":"Crk proteins transduce FGF signaling to promote lens fiber cell elonga(...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"17901128","title":"Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) tyrosine phosphorylation (...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"27461729","title":"Systematic identification of protein combinations mediating chromatin (...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"19136617","title":"Genome-wide identification of DNA-protein interactions using chromati(...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"29165708","title":"Separase prevents genomic instability by controlling replication fork (...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"18208397","title":"The MCM helicase: linking checkpoints to the replication fork.","abst(...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"29353941","title":"A Bayesian model selection approach for identifying differentially exp(...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"19417075","title":"A hierarchical Bayesian model for comparing transcriptomes at the ind(...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"25704641","title":"Expression of TGFβ superfamily components and other markers of oocyte(...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"18239049","title":"Molecular and subcellular characterisation of oocytes screened for th(...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"29348350","title":"Draft Genome Sequences of 14 Strains of Pseudomonas Isolated from Prun(...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"22132095","title":"Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae draft genomes comparison reveal s(...TRUNCATED) |
{"doc_id":"29255034","title":"Artificial antibody created by conformational reconstruction of the co(...TRUNCATED) | [{"doc_id":"22946923","title":"Control of protein-binding kinetics on synthetic polymer nanoparticle(...TRUNCATED) |
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