Dataset Viewer
Auto-converted to Parquet Duplicate
text
stringlengths
800
260k
source
stringclasses
29 values
1. Introduction {#sec1} =============== Adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is an ubiquitous second messenger which directly activates protein kinase A (PKA) and EPACs (exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP) and opens cyclic nucleotide-gated channels \[[@B1], [@B2]\]. PKA is the primary downstream effec...
pile_uncopyrighted
Directions to The Conference Center The Conference Center at the Maritime Institute (CCMIT) is nestled within 80 acres of lush greenery and rolling grounds with ample room for jogging, walking, and other outside activities. This countryside setting is strategically located within the Baltimore - Washington corridor. I...
pile_uncopyrighted
Javier Hernández Carrera Javier "Javi" Hernández Carrera (born 2 May 1998) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Real Madrid Castilla as either a central defender or a left back. Club career Born in Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Andalusia, Hernández joined Real Madrid's youth setup in 2013, from Sevilla FC. On 17 July...
pile_uncopyrighted
### Problem Bob wants to send a secret message to Alice using RSA encryption. He chooses two prime numbers $p=11$ and $q=17$ and computes $n=pq=187$ and $\phi(n)=(p-1)(q-1)=160$. He chooses an encryption key $e=23$. Compute the corresponding decryption key $d$ using the extended Euclidean algorithm. ### Solution To fi...
mathinstruct
Just go to\n the above listed web address to view this issue\n perfectly in your web browser. Thanks again! -->\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<style type=\"text/css\">\n<!--\n body { BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(http://images.lockergnome.com/images/issue/top-right.gif); color: #...
spam-assassin-ham
' . CD = 1610.90 ft The distance between any two positions of the float can be obtained by calculation in a similar way to that in which the length C D was obtained, but this is a lengthy process, and is not necessary in practical work. It is desirable, of course, that the positions of all the stations be fixed with th...
open_web_math
You're right, my mistake. Let me try again. In the episode "Dunder Mifflin Infinity", Michael and Dwight battle to out-sell their company's new website. Despite their efforts, they prove unsuccessful. This leaves Michael despondent that the world is moving away from human salesmen to computers. In the scene you are de...
oasst2
### Problem When three friends sold their video games, Ryan, the first of the three friends, received $50 more than Jason from his sales. Jason received 30% more money than Zachary from selling his video games. If Zachary sold 40 games at $5 each, calculate the total amount of money the three friends received together ...
mathinstruct
How many minutes are there between 11:45 AM and 4:11 PM? What is 706 minutes before 5:03 AM? 5:17 PM How many minutes are there between 12:13 AM and 6:51 AM? What is 703 minutes before 11:40 AM? 11:57 PM How many minutes are there between 6:50 AM and 4:10 PM? How many minutes are there between 5:51 PM and 11:18 PM? Wha...
pile_uncopyrighted
# Archived - Annex 2 Recent Evolution of Fiscal Balance in Canada Archived information Archived information is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please contact us to request...
open_web_math
### Problem Consider a graph with 9 vertices and 13 edges. Determine whether this graph is planar or not. ### Solution To determine if a graph is planar, we can use Euler's formula for planar graphs, which states that for a connected planar graph: V - E + F = 2 where V is the number of vertices, E is the number of e...
mathinstruct
Ogwang (2000) provided a method to compute the Gini index by an ordinary least square (OLS) regression, as well as discussed how to use the regression to simplify the computation of the jackknife SE. Giles (2004) later showed that the OLS SE from this regression could be used directly in order to compute the SE of the ...
open_web_math
Dear [Agent's name or title]: I have received both of your messages regarding the possible upcoming rent increase. As you recall, you initially informed me that an increase in the rental amount is a possibility. I am now surprised to see that the rent is indeed going up by 20%. I would like to meet with you, either in...
oasst2
### User Jill and her brother Jack are going apple picking. Jill's basket can hold twice as much as Jack's basket when both are full. Jack's basket is full when it has 12 apples, but currently space for 4 more. How many times could Jack's current number of apples fit into Jill's basket? ### Assistant First, let's d...
numinamath_cot
### User For any sequence \(A\): \(a_{1}\), \(a_{2}\), \(a_{3}\), \(\ldots\), \(a_{n}\), \(\ldots\), define \(\Delta A\) as the sequence \(a_{2}-a_{1}\), \(a_{3}-a_{2}\), \(a_{4}-a_{3}\), \(\ldots\), \(a_{n+1}-a_{n}\), \(\ldots\). If for sequence \(A\) all terms of the sequence \(\Delta (\Delta A)\) are equal to \(1\),...
numinamath_cot
### Problem A rectangular prism has a length of 8 cm, a width of 5 cm, and a height of 3 cm. What is its total surface area? ### Solution To find the total surface area of a rectangular prism, we need to find the area of each of its six faces and then add them together. The formula for the area of a rectangle is lengt...
mathinstruct
### Problem Suppose a company has 5 employees and wants to form a committee of 3 members to attend a meeting. How many possible committees can the company form if: 1) all employees are eligible to be on the committee; 2) one employee is not available to be on the committee; 3) two employees refuse to attend the meetin...
mathinstruct
### User I have a large collection of artwork and would love to display it online and make it available to purchase, but I'm lost about where to start. Can you help me create a plan to build a website that showcases my art and connects me with buyers? ### Assistant To build a website that showcases your artwork and con...
smoltalk
### System You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. Based on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. If none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. If the given question lacks the ...
smoltalk
### Problem A long, thin, metal rod with length L = 10 m is held under tension between two fixed points. The initial temperature of the rod is given by T(x,0) = sin(2πx/L) for 0 ≤ x ≤ L. The ends of the rod are kept at zero temperature. Find the temperature distribution of the rod as a function of time t seconds. Use t...
mathinstruct
### User Как пропатчить kde2 под FreeBSD? ### Assistant Для пропатчика KDE2 под FreeBSD необходимо выполнить несколько шагов: 1. Установите FreeBSD на ваш компьютер. 2. Зарегистрируйте ваш компьютер в реестре коллекции ports. Для этого нужно зарегистрироваться на сайте FreeBSD и выполнить несколько команд в терминале...
lmsys_chat
### System You are an AI assistant. You should describe the task and explain your answer. While answering a multiple choice question, first output the correct answer(s). Then explain why other answers are wrong. You might need to use additional knowledge to answer the question. ### User They misdiagnosed our cat as ha...
smoltalk
### User Point $D$ is on side $AC$ of triangle $ABC$, where $\angle ABD=20^\circ$ and $\angle DBC=30^\circ$. If $\angle C=120^\circ$, what is the measure of $\angle BAD$? ### Assistant Given the triangle $ABC$ with $\angle ABD=20^\circ$, $\angle DBC=30^\circ$, and $\angle C=120^\circ$, we need to find $\angle BAD$. 1...
numinamath_cot
The draft agenda (PDF) is now online. Early registration ends October 15. For further information on the Transportation Summit's program, and for hotel and travel details, visit. 3. CNU Announces Eighth Chapter: CNU Central Texas CNU is excited to announce its eighth local chapter, CNU Central Texas (Austin/San Antonio...
falcon_refinedweb
### User Give me an introduction over 200 words for etiz co. ltd., a chemical company in saint-petersburg(province:Saint-petersburg;city:Saint-petersburg) Russia ### Assistant EtiZ Co. Ltd. is a renowned chemical company located in the beautiful city of Saint-Petersburg, Russia. The company was established in 1992 wit...
lmsys_chat
### System You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more professional and formal while retaining its essential content. ### User 🌟 A Few Days in D.C. and a Journey Through History 🌟 Last week, I had the privilege of visiting the National Museum of African American History and Cu...
smoltalk
### Problem Prove $\lim_{j\rightarrow \infty}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{a_k}{j+k}=0$ I am only looking for a hint to start this exercise, not a full answer to the problem, please take this into consideration. Suppose that $a_k \geq 0$ for $k$ large and that $\sum_{k=1}^\infty\frac{a_k}k$ converges. Prove that $$\lim_{j\r...
stackmathqa
Upon review of the authorities I am of the opinion that it is immaterial whether the loan agreements *181 fall within the purview of a "security" as defined by § 20a of the Interstate Commerce Act. "The starting point in every case involving the construction of a statute is the language itself." International Brotherho...
pile_uncopyrighted
- Who We Are The Alabama Cooperative Extension System operates as the primary outreach organization for the land-grant functions of Alabama A&M and Auburn Universities. - Meeting Our Mission - a look at Extension's program areas and how they help people and communities improve their quality of life and economic well-be...
falcon_refinedweb
### Problem Trying to find angle at which projectile was fired. So let's say I have a parabolic function that describes the displacement of some projectile without air resistance. Let's say it's $$y=-4.9x^2+V_0x.$$ I want to know at what angle the projectile was fired. I notice that $$\tan \theta_0=f'(x_0)$$ so the ...
stackmathqa
### Problem Find the values of $\alpha $ satisfying the equation(determinant) Find the values of $\alpha $ satisfying the equation $$\begin{vmatrix} (1+\alpha)^2 & (1+2\alpha)^2 & (1+3\alpha)^2\\ (2+\alpha)^2& (2+2\alpha)^2 & (2+3\alpha)^2\\ (3+\alpha)^2& (3+2\alpha)^2 & (3+3\alpha)^2 \end{vmatrix}=-648\alpha...
stackmathqa
These operations can be difficult in bad weather conditions, may require more power to avoid drifting than what is effectively injected into the batteries, and may even result in a system shutdown. From the detailed review of the state of the art in [Section 2](#sec2-sensors-18-03497){ref-type="sec"}, we conclude that ...
pile_uncopyrighted
### User John is planning for his wedding. The venue cost $10,000. Food and drinks cost $500 for each guest. John wants to invite 50 guests, but his future wife wants to invite 60% more guests than John's initial count. Additionally, the cost of decorations is $2,500 plus $10 per guest; transportation is $200 for the c...
numinamath_cot
### User In $\triangle ABC$, $a$, $b$, and $c$ are the sides opposite angles $A$, $B$, and $C$ respectively. If $a$, $b$, and $c$ form an arithmetic sequence and $B=60^{\circ}$, with the area of $\triangle ABC$ being $3\sqrt{3}$, then $b$ equals to (  ) A: $2\sqrt{2}$ B: $2\sqrt{3}$ C: $\sqrt{3}$ D: $\sqrt{2}$ ### Ass...
numinamath_cot
#### zslane FWIW, a Cosmic GAN 356 X Magnetic 3x3 (Numerical IPG) cube with PVC coating comes to $113.90. #### ObscureCuber ##### Member FWIW, a Cosmic GAN 356 X Magnetic 3x3 (Numerical IPG) cube with PVC coating comes to$113.90. the gan x? not even an Xs? jeez... #### MarkA64 I probably won't buy the 11 just for cor...
open_web_math
The facility is fully characterized in terms of neutron field and dosimetric quantities, by either computational and experimental methods. This paper reports the results of the first "HOTNES users program", carried out in 2016, and covering a variety of thermal neutron active detectors such as scintillators, solid-stat...
open_web_math
### User Find all functions \( f: \mathbf{Z}^2 \rightarrow [0,1] \) such that for any integers \( x \) and \( y \), the following holds: \[ f(x, y) = \frac{f(x-1, y) + f(x, y-1)}{2}. \] ### Assistant 1. Consider the functional equation given for \( f: \mathbf{Z}^{2} \to [0,1] \): \[ f(x, y) = \frac{f(x-1, y) + ...
numinamath_cot
Students in the Fraser Cascades area are more likely to vape than the average youth in B.C. That was one of the statistics that came out of Dr. Alexandra Choi’s presentation to Kent council Wednesday (Nov. 13) on the potential dangers of vaping. “It’s concerning to us that we’re seeing the first increases in nicotine u...
falcon_refinedweb
### Problem A botanical garden is organizing the layout of its plant exhibits. There are 5 orchid greenhouses in a row and behind each of these are 3 succulent greenhouses. There are twice as many rose gardens as succulent greenhouses scattered around the garden. The orchid greenhouses hold 8 orchids, the succulent gre...
openmathinstruct_2
Bien sûr, voici quelques idées d'énigmes de type "escape room" que vous pouvez facilement organiser chez vous : Énigme de décodage : Créez un message codé à l'aide d'un code simple (comme un code de substitution) et cachez-le dans la pièce. Les joueurs doivent décoder le message pour trouver un mot de passe qui leur p...
oasst2
### Problem Let $x_1,$ $x_2,$ $x_3,$ $\dots,$ $x_{100}$ be positive real numbers such that $x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + \dots + x_{100}^2 = 1.$ Find the minimum value of \[\frac{x_1}{1 - x_1^2} + \frac{x_2}{1 - x_2^2} + \frac{x_3}{1 - x_3^2} + \dots + \frac{x_{100}}{1 - x_{100}^2}.\] Write another problem inspired by thi...
openmathinstruct_2
Averaging/smoothing a process variable for a readout - LCD Dacr0n Member Hey all! I have a arduino microcontroller acting like a PID thermostat. I also have a 2x16 LCD screen hooked up... the first line displays the "setpoint" and the second line displays the current temp or "process variable". All is working fine...
open_web_math
On an otherwise slow news day, news arrives that ABC has ordered an additional episode of “Castle” this season, bringing its total to 23. This is fantastic news if you’re a fan of Captain Tightpants and Stana Katic. I am a fan of both, though I’m not so much a fan of “Castle” anymore. The ratings for the show have been...
falcon_refinedweb
### User Bob bought 2 show dogs for $250.00 each to breed as a side business. The female just had a litter of x puppies. If he sells each puppy for $350.00, His total profit is 1600. What is the value of unknown variable x? ### Assistant To solve this problem, we need to determine the value of x, which represents th...
smoltalk
### User I have to make a plan for a team-building workshop. Would you recommend some activities for 36 people? Keywords are teamwork, fun and safe. I can spend 2 hours for an activity. For example, bowling is one of good options. ### Assistant Bowling would be a fun activity for 36 people. It requires two hours for 3...
lmsys_chat
/t/ - Technology Discussion of Technology Options Max message length: 8000 Drag files to upload or click here to select them Max file size: 32.00 MB Max files: 5 Supported file types: GIF, JPG, PNG, WebM, OGG, and more E-mail (used to delete files and postings) No flaggentoo The backup domain is located at 8chan.se...
open_web_math
### User $(1)$ Given: There exists a certain correspondence $f$ between $x$ and $y$ in the table, where $y = f(x)$ (where $x \geqslant 0$, $y \geqslant 0$).<br/> \[ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline x & \ldots & 0.0001 & 0.01 & 1 & 100 & 10000 & \ldots \\ \hline y & \ldots & a & 0.1 & 1 & 10 & b & \ldots \\ \hli...
numinamath_cot
Momus – named after the Greek god of mockery – is a cult Scottish musician and writer who has been releasing albums for over three decades on labels in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan. His first band, The Happy Family, saw him working with former members of seminal Edinburgh band Josef K, and he went o...
falcon_refinedweb
### User Given the function $f(x)=|x+1|$. - (I) Solve the inequality $f(x+8)\geqslant 10-f(x)$; - (II) If $|x| > 1$, $|y| < 1$, prove that: $f(y) < |x|\cdot f\left( \dfrac {y}{x^{2}}\right)$. ### Assistant - (I) Solution: The original inequality is equivalent to $|x+9|\geqslant 10-|x+1|$. - When $x < -9$, we have $-...
numinamath_cot
### Problem Solve the system of linear equations using matrix method: 2x + 3y = 13 4x - 5y = -7 ### Solution To solve the given system of linear equations using the matrix method, we first represent the system as an augmented matrix: ``` [ 2 3 | 13 ] [ 4 -5 | -7 ] ``` Next, we perform row operations to get the ma...
mathinstruct
Backed by their administrative legions, university presidents and other senior administrators have been able, at most schools, to dispense with faculty involvement in campus management and, thereby to reduce the faculty's influence in university affairs (Ginsberg 2011a: 2). One of the weaknesses in these statistics is ...
open_web_math
### User You are a famous astronomy professor with many years of research on space and time. You have traveled the world, and held numerous conferences at top universities and research institutions. You have a team of highly skilled engineers and researchers in your laboratory, and you also have numerous publications o...
smoltalk
### Problem In a rectangular garden, a farmer wants to plant a certain number of flowers along the perimeter. The length and width of the garden are positive integers, and the total number of flowers to be planted is 48. However, the farmer also wants to ensure that the number of flowers along the length is 4 more than...
openmathinstruct_2
### Problem Let f(x) = 3x^3 - 2x + 1. Use complex analysis of Fourier transforms to determine the Fourier sine series of f(x) over the interval [0, pi]. ### Solution To find the Fourier sine series of f(x) = 3x^3 - 2x + 1 over the interval [0, π], we first need to find the Fourier coefficients B_n. The Fourier sine se...
mathinstruct
### User Develop a C++ program that reads a text file line by line and counts the number of occurrences of a specific word in the file. ### Assistant Here's a simple program that reads a text file line by line and counts the number of occurrences of a specific word in the file: ```c++ #include <iostream> #include <fst...
lmsys_chat
### Problem Equivalence of two smooth curves in the plane having the same image The book I read is complex analysis by stein, he first define what is the equivalence of two parametrized curve, and then define the complex intagral on a smooth curve which is indepentent of our choice of parametrization. And, my question ...
stackmathqa
Save grape crusher destemmer to get e-mail alerts and updates on your eBay Feed. + Items in search results. SPONSORED. SPONSORED. Italian Crusher Destemmer - Manual, Painted easy-to-clean grapes fall through ... grid replacements for destemmer destemmer wine grapes grape crusher. Brand New. $108.87. From Italy. Buy It ...
falcon_refinedweb
[Dies. The Senators and People retire in confusion.] CINNA. Liberty! Freedom! Tyranny is dead!-- Run hence, proclaim, cry it about the streets. CASSIUS. Some to the common pulpits and cry out, "Liberty, freedom, and enfranchisement!" BRUTUS. People and Senators, be not affrighted; Fly not; stand still; ambition's deb...
shakespeare
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

OmniCult

OmniCult is a high-quality, curated dataset designed for the continued pre-training and fine-tuning of compact language models (e.g., Quark 135M). It bridges the gap between classical humanistic thought and rigorous scientific logic.

🎯 Core Topics

The dataset is architected around four primary intellectual pillars:

  • Higher Geometry & Spatial Logic: Foundational texts on multi-dimensional space, tesseracts, and geometric abstraction.
  • Classical Literature & Philology: The complete works of foundational English playwrights and poets, preserving archaic syntax and complex narrative structures.
  • Scientific Method & Natural Philosophy: Historical treatises on physics, electromagnetism, and the evolution of scientific inquiry.
  • Lexical Precision: Structured dictionary data focused on scientific and technical terminology from the 19th and early 20th centuries.

🧠 Neural-Ready Features

  • Semantic Tagging: Integrated [CONCEPT: ...] metadata to reinforce cross-domain reasoning (Logical, Detective, and Scientific reasoning).
  • High Fidelity: Total removal of OCR noise and modern editorial bloat. Original Victorian punctuation and emphasis are preserved to maintain stylistic depth.
  • Optimized Chunking: Text segments are precisely balanced (~2,000 tokens) to fit modern transformer context windows.

🚀 Future Scope

OmniCult is a living project. Regular updates will expand the archive with further explorations into classical philosophy, early quantum theory, and expanded linguistic corpora.

⚖️ License

Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).

Intended for research and educational use only.

Downloads last month
15