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6.4 Transmitted signal quality
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6.4.1 General
Unless otherwise stated, the requirements in clause 6.5 apply during the transmitter ON period.
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6.4.2 Frequency error
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6.4.2.1 Definition and applicability
Frequency error is the measure of the difference between the actual BS transmit frequency and the assigned frequency. The same source shall be used for RF frequency and data clock generation. It is not possible to verify by testing that the data clock is derived from the same frequency source as used for RF generation...
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6.4.2.2 Minimum Requirement
The minimum requirement is in TS 38.194 [3], clause 6.4.1.2.
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6.4.2.3 Test purpose
The test purpose is to verify that frequency error is within the limit specified by the minimum requirement.
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6.4.2.4 Method of test
Requirement is tested together with modulation quality test, as described in clause 6.4.3.
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6.4.2.5 Test Requirements
The modulated carrier frequency of each A-IoT carrier configured by the BS shall be accurate to within the accuracy range given in table 6.4.2.5-1 observed over 1 ms. Table 6.4.2.5-1: Frequency error test requirement BS class Accuracy Medium Range BS ±(0.1 ppm + 12 Hz) The frequency error requirement for A-IoT ...
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6.4.3 Modulation quality
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6.4.3.1 Definition and applicability
Modulation quality include modulation depth, RF Envelop Rise Time, RF Envelop Fall Time, Ripple and pulsewidth of R2D signals. Modulation depth is the measurement of the strength of variation imposed on a R2D carrier. The Tr,10-90 RF Envelop Rise Time measures the rise of the OOK bit 0 pulse and starts when envelop ...
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6.4.3.2 Minimum Requirement
The minimum requirement is in TS 38.194 [3], clause 6.4. 2.
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6.4.3.3 Test purpose
The test purpose is to verify that R2D signal quality is within the limit specified by the minimum requirement across the frequency range and under normal and extreme conditions.
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6.4.3.4 Method of test
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6.4.3.4.0 General
Requirement is tested together with modulation quality test, as described in clause 6.4.3.
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6.4.3.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: - Normal, see annex B.2, - Extreme, see annexes B.3 and B.5. RF channels to be tested for single carrier: B, M and T; see clause 4.7.1 Under extreme test environment, it is sufficient to test on one NR-ARFCN or one RF bandwidth position, and with one applicable test configuration defined in clause...
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6.4.3.4.2 Procedure
1. Transmit the test model A-TM 1.1 for modulation quality test. 1) Connect the power measuring equipment to single-band connector(s) under test as shown in annex D.1.1 for BS type 1-C. All connectors not under test shall be terminated. 2) For single carrier set the connector under test to transmit according to the a...
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6.4.3.5 Test requirements
The modulation quality of A-IoT R2D carrier shall be less than the limits in table 6.5.3.5-1. The modulation depth, RF envelop ripple, RF envelop rise time and fall time, RF pulsewidth shall meet requirements in Figure 6.4.3.2-1. Table 6.4.3.5-1: A-IoT BS RF envelope parameters R2D Chip duration:Tc Parameter Symb...
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6.5 Unwanted emissions
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6.5.1 General
Unwanted emissions consist of out-of-band emissions and spurious emissions according to ITU definitions in recommendation ITU-R SM.329 [2]. In ITU terminology, out of band emissions are unwanted emissions immediately outside the channel bandwidth resulting from the modulation process and non-linearity in the transmitte...
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6.5.2 Occupied bandwidth
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6.5.2.1 Definition and applicability
The occupied bandwidth is the width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage /2 of the total mean transmitted power. See also Recommendation ITU-R SM.328 [12]. The value of /2 shall be taken as 0.5%. The occ...
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6.5.2.2 Minimum Requirements
The minimum requirement for BS type 1-C is in TS 38.194 [3] clause 6.6.2
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6.5.2.3 Test purpose
The test purpose is to verify that the emission at the antenna connector does not occupy an excessive bandwidth for the service to be provided and is, therefore, not likely to create interference to other users of the spectrum beyond undue limits.
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6.5.2.4 Method of test
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6.5.2.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier: M; see clause 4.7.1. 1) Connect the measurement device to the BS antenna connector as shown in annex D1.1 for BS type 1-C. 2) For a BS declared to be capable of single carrier operation (D.16), start transmission according to the a...
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6.5.2.4.2 Procedure
1) Measure the spectrum emission of the transmitted signal using at least the number of measurement points, and across a span, as listed in table 6.6.2.4.2-1. The selected resolution bandwidth (RBW) filter of the analyser shall be 30 kHz or less. Table 6.5.2.4.2-1: Span and number of measurement points for OBW measure...
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6.5.2.5 Test requirements
The occupied bandwidth for each carrier shall be less than the channel bandwidth as defined in TS 38.194 [3], table 5.3.5-1 for BS type 1-C.
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6.5.3 Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio
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6.5.3.1 Definition and applicability
Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio (ACLR) is the ratio of the filtered mean power centred on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centred on an adjacent channel frequency. The requirements shall apply outside the Base Station RF Bandwidth or Radio Bandwidth whatever the type of transmitter consi...
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6.5.3.2 Minimum requirement
The minimum requirement applies per single-band connector, or per multi-band connector supporting transmission in the operating band. The minimum requirement for BS type 1-C is defined in TS 38.194 [3], clause 6.6.3.3.
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6.5.3.3 Test purpose
To verify that the adjacent channel leakage power ratio requirement shall be met as specified by the minimum requirement.
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6.5.3.4 Method of test
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6.5.3.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier: B, M and T; see clause 4.7.1.
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6.5.3.4.2 Procedure
1) Connect the single-band connector or multi-band connector under test to measurement equipment as shown in annex D.1.1 for BS type 1-C. All connectors not under test shall be terminated. The measurement device characteristics shall be: - Measurement filter bandwidth: defined in clause 6.6.3.5. - Detection mode: t...
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6.5.3.5 Test requirements
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6.5.3.5.1 General requirements
The ACLR requirements in clause 6.6.3.5.2 shall apply as described in clauses 6.6.3.5.3.
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6.5.3.5.2 Limits and basic limits
The ACLR is defined with a square filter of bandwidth equal to the transmission bandwidth configuration of the transmitted signal (BWConfig) centred on the assigned channel frequency and a filter centred on the adjacent channel frequency according to the tables below. Table 6.5.3.2-1: Base station ACLR limit BS R2D c...
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6.5.3.5.3 BS type 1-C
The ACLR test requirements for BS type 1-C are given in table 6.6.3.5.2-1 applies per antenna connector. Conformance can be shown by meeting the ACLR limit in table 6.6.3.5.2-1.
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6.5.4 Operating band unwanted emissions
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6.5.4.1 Definition and applicability
Unless otherwise stated, the operating band unwanted emission (OBUE) limits in FR1 are defined from ΔfOBUE below the lowest frequency of each supported downlink operating band up to ΔfOBUE above the highest frequency of each supported downlink operating band. The values of ΔfOBUE are defined in table 6.6.1‑1 for the NR...
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6.6.4.2 Minimum requirement
The minimum requirement applies per single-band connector, or per multi-band connector supporting transmission in the operating band. The minimum requirement for BS type 1-C is defined in TS 38.194 [3], clause 6.6.4.3.
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6.5.4.3 Test purpose
This test measures the emissions close to the assigned channel bandwidth of the wanted signal, while the transmitter is in operation.
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6.5.4.4 Method of test
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6.5.4.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier: B, M and T; see clause 4.7.1. - BRFBW, MRFBW and TRFBW in single-band operation; see clause 4.7.1.
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6.5.4.4.2 Procedure
1) Connect the single-band connector under test to measurement equipment as shown in annex D.1.1 for BS type 1-C. All connectors not under test shall be terminated. As a general rule, the resolution bandwidth of the measuring equipment should be equal to the measurement bandwidth. However, to improve measurement accu...
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6.5.4.5 Test requirements
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6.5.5 Transmitter spurious emissions
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6.6.5.1 Definition and applicability
The transmitter spurious emission limits shall apply from 9 kHz to 12.75 GHz, excluding the frequency range from ΔfOBUE below the lowest frequency of each supported downlink operating band, up to ΔfOBUE above the highest frequency of each supported downlink operating band, where the ΔfOBUE is defined in table 6.6.1. Fo...
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6.6.5.2 Minimum requirement
The minimum requirement applies per single-band connector supporting transmission in the operating band. The minimum requirement for BS type 1-C is defined in TS 38.104 [2], clause 6.6.5.3.
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6.6.5.3 Test purpose
This test measures conducted spurious emissions while the transmitter is in operation.
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6.6.5.4 Method of test
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6.6.5.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier: - B when testing the spurious emissions below FDL_low - ΔfOBUE, - T when testing the spurious emissions above FDL_high + ΔfOBUE; see clause 4.7.1.
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6.6.5.4.2 Procedure
1) Connect the single-band connector under test to measurement equipment as shown in annex D.1.1 for BS type 1-C. All connectors not under test shall be terminated. 2) Measurements shall use a measurement bandwidth in accordance to the conditions in clause 6.6.5.5. The measurement device characteristics shall be: -...
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6.6.5.5 Test requirements
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6.6.5.5.1 Basic limits
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6.6.5.5.1.1 Tx spurious emissions
The limits of either table 6.6.5.5.1.1-1 (Category A limits) or table 6.6.5.5.1.1-2 (Category B limits) shall apply. The application of either Category A or Category B limits shall be the same as for operating band unwanted emissions in clause 6.6.4, and as declared by the manufacturer (D.4). Table 6.6.5.5.1.1-1: Gene...
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6.6.5.5.1.2 Protection of the BS receiver of own or different BS
This requirement shall be applied for NR FDD operation in order to prevent the receivers of the BSs being desensitised by emissions from a BS transmitter. It is measured at the transmit antenna connector for BS type 1-C or at the TAB connector for BS type 1-H for any type of BS which has common or separate Tx/Rx antenn...
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6.6.5.5.1.3 Additional spurious emissions requirements
These requirements may be applied for the protection of system operating in frequency ranges other than the BS downlink operating band. The limits may apply as an optional protection of such systems that are deployed in the same geographical area as the BS, or they may be set by local or regional regulation as a mandat...
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6.6.5.5.1.4 Co-location with other base stations
These requirements may be applied for the protection of other BS receivers when GSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, GSM850, CDMA850, UTRA FDD, UTRA TDD, E-UTRA and/or NR BS are co-located with a BS. The requirements assume a 30 dB coupling loss between transmitter and receiver and are based on co-location with base stations of ...
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6.6.5.5.2 BS type 1-C
The Tx spurious emissions for BS type 1-C for each antenna connector shall not exceed the basic limits specified in clause 6.6.5.5.1.
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7 A-IoT BS receiver characteristics
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7.1 General
Conducted receiver characteristics are specified at the antenna connector for BS type 1-C, with full complement of transceivers for the configuration in normal operating condition. Unless otherwise stated, the following arrangements apply for conducted receiver characteristics requirements in clause 7: - Requirements...
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7.2.1 Definition and applicability
The reference sensitivity power level PREFSENS is the minimum mean power received at the antenna connector for BS type 1-C at which a BLER requirement shall be met for a specified reference measurement channel.
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7.2.2 Minimum requirement for BS type 1-C
The minimum requirement for BS type 1-C is in TS 38.194 [3], clause 7.2.2.
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7.2.3 Test purpose
To verify that for the BS type 1-C receiver connector at the reference sensitivity level the throughput requirement shall be met for a specified reference measurement channel.
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7.2.4 Method of test
7.2.4.1 Initial conditions Test environment: - Normal; see annex B.2. - Extreme, see annexes B.3 and B.5. RF channels to be tested for single carrier: B, M and T; see clause 4.7.1. Under extreme test environment, the test shall be performed on each of B, M and T under extreme power supply conditions as defined ...
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7.2.4.2 Procedure
The minimum requirement is applied to all connectors under test. For BS type 1-C, the procedure is repeated until all antenna connectors necessary to demonstrate conformance have been tested; see clause 7.1. 1) Connect the connector under test to measurement equipment as shown in annex D.2.1 for BS type 1-C. 2) For ...
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7.2.5 Test requirements
The BLER shall be less than or equal to 10% of the reference measurement channel as specified in annex A.1 with parameters specified in table 7.2.5-1 for A-IoT Medium range BS. Table 7.2.5-1: A-IoT Medium range BS reference sensitivity levels BS D2R channel bandwidth (KHz) DSB (kHz) Reference measurement channel ...
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7.3 In-band selectivity and blocking
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7.3.1 Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS)
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7.3.1.1 Definition and applicability
Adjacent channel selectivity (ACS) is a measure of the receiver's ability to receive a wanted signal at its assigned channel frequency at the antenna connector for BS type 1-C in the presence of an adjacent channel signal with a specified centre frequency offset of the interfering signal to the band edge of a victim sy...
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7.3.1.2 Minimum requirement
The minimum requirement for BS type 1-C are in TS 38.194 [3], clause 7.3.1.2.
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7.3.1.3 Test purpose
The test purpose is to verify the ability of the BS receiver filter to suppress interfering signals in the channels adjacent to the wanted channel.
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7.3.1.4 Method of test
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7.3.1.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier (SC): M; see clause 4.7.1.
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7.3.1.4.2 Procedure
The minimum requirement is applied to all connectors under test. For BS type 1-C, the procedure is repeated until all antenna connectors necessary to demonstrate conformance have been tested; see clause 7.1. 1) Connect the connector under test to measurement equipment as shown in annex D.2.3 for BS type 1-C. 2) For...
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7.3.1.5 Test requirements
The BLER performance shall be less than or equal to 10% of the reference measurement channel. The wanted and the interfering signal coupled to the BS type 1-C antenna connector are specified in table 7.3.1.5-1 a. The reference measurement channel for the wanted signal is identified in table 7.3.1.5-1 for each BS D2R c...
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7.3.2 In-band blocking
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7.3.2.1 Definition and applicability
The in-band blocking characteristics is a measure of the receiver's ability to receive a wanted signal at its assigned channel at the antenna connector for BS type 1-C in the presence of an unwanted interferer, which is an NR signal for general blocking or an NR signal with one resource block for narrowband blocking.
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7.3.2.2 Minimum requirement
The minimum requirements for BS type 1-C are in TS 38.194 [3], clause 7.3.2.2.
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7.3.2.3 Test purpose
The test purpose is to verify the ability of the BS receiver to withstand high-levels of in-band interference from unwanted signals at specified frequency offsets without undue degradation of its sensitivity.
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7.3.2.4 Method of test
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7.3.2.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier (SC): M; see clause 4.7.1
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7.3.2.4.2 Procedure for general blocking
The minimum requirement is applied to all connectors under test. For BS type 1-C, the procedure is repeated until all antenna connectors necessary to demonstrate conformance have been tested; see clause 7.1. 1) Connect the connector under test to measurement equipment as shown in annex D.2.3 for BS type 1-C. 2) For...
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7.3.2.5 Test requirements
The BLER performance shall be less than or equal to 10% of the reference measurement channel, with a wanted and an interfering signal coupled to BS type 1-C antenna connector using the parameters in tables 7.3.2.5-1 for general blocking. The reference measurement channel for the wanted signal is identified in clause 7....
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7.4 Out-of-band blocking
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7.4.1 Definition and applicability
The out-of-band blocking characteristics is a measure of the receiver ability to receive a wanted signal at its assigned channel at the antenna connector for BS type 1-C in the presence of an unwanted interferer out of the operating band, which is a CW signal for out-of-band blocking.
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7.4.2 Minimum requirement
The minimum requirements for BS type 1-C are in TS 38.194 [3], clause 7.4.2.
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7.4.3 Test purpose
To verify that the BS type 1-C receiver dynamic range, the BLER performance shall fulfil the specified limit.
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7.4.4 Method of test
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7.4.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier (SC): - M; see clause 4.7.1
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7.4.4.2 Procedure
The minimum requirement is applied to all connectors under test. 1) Connect the connector under test to measurement equipment as shown in annex [D.2.5] for BS type 1-C. 2) Set the signal generator for the wanted signal as defined in clause 7.4.5 to transmit as specified in table 7.4.5.1-1. 4) Set the Signal generato...
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7.4.5 Test requirements
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7.4.5.1 General requirements
The BLER performance shall be 10% of the reference measurement channel as specified in annex A.1, with a wanted and an interfering signal coupled to BS type 1-C antenna connector using the parameters in table 7.4.5.1-1. The reference measurement channel for the wanted signal is identified in clause 7.2.2 for each BS c...
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7.5 Receiver spurious emissions
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7.5.1 Definition and applicability
The receiver spurious emissions power is the power of emissions generated or amplified in a receiver unit that appear at the antenna connector (for BS type 1-C). The requirements apply to all BS with separate RX and TX antenna connectors. NOTE 1: In normal operating condition, A-IoT BS is configured as HD-FDD operatio...
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7.5.2 Minimum requirement
The minimum requirements for BS type 1-C are in TS 38.194 [3], clause 7.5.2.
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7.5.3 Test purpose
The test purpose is to verify the ability of the BS to limit the interference caused by receiver spurious emissions to other systems.
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7.5.4 Method of test
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7.5.4.1 Initial conditions
Test environment: Normal; see annex B.2. RF channels to be tested for single carrier: M; see clause 4.7.1.