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6.11.1 Description
A variety of sensors such as accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, barometer, proximity sensor, and GPS can be integrated in a UE. Also, different applications running on the UE can have different communication needs (e.g. different traffic time). In addition, a UE can support different access technologies such as NR...
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6.11.2 Requirements
The 5G system shall support network resource utilization efficiently and network optimization based on system information, including:- network conditions, such as network load and congestion information; - information on served UEs such as access information (e.g. 3GPP access, non-3GPP access), cell type (e.g. macro c...
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6.12 Self backhaul
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6.12.1 Description
The increased density of access nodes needed to meet future performance objectives poses considerable challenges in deployment and management (e.g. backhaul availability, backhaul capacity and scalability). The use of wireless backhaul for such access nodes helps to address some of the challenges. Wireless self-backha...
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6.12.2 Requirements
The 5G network shall enable operators to support wireless self-backhaul using NR and E-UTRA. The 5G network shall support flexible and efficient wireless self-backhaul for both indoor and outdoor scenarios. The 5G network shall support flexible partitioning of radio resources between access and backhaul functions. T...
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6.13 Flexible broadcast/multicast service
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6.13.1 Description
The proliferation of video services, ad-hoc multicast/broadcast streams, software delivery over wireless, group communications and broadcast/multicast IoT applications have created a need for a flexible and dynamic allocation of radio resources between unicast and multicast services within the network as well as suppor...
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6.13.2 Requirements
The following set of requirements complement the requirements listed in 3GPP TS 22.146 [7], TS 22.246 [8] and TS 22.101 [6], clause 32. The 5G system shall support operation of downlink only broadcast/multicast over a specific geographic area (e.g. a cell sector, a cell or a group of cells). The 5G system shall suppo...
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6.14 Subscription aspects
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6.14.1 Description
With the Internet of Things, it is expected that the diversity of IoT devices (e.g. sensors, UAVs, smart flower pots) and the usage models will largely vary. Moreover, when the IoT device is manufactured, the deployment location and specific usage might not be known. Sometimes the IoT devices will be added to existing ...
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6.14.2 Requirements
An IoT device which is able to access a 5G PLMN in direct network connection mode using a 3GPP RAT shall have a 3GPP subscription. The 5G system shall allow the operator to identify a UE as an IoT device based on UE characteristics (e.g. identified by an equipment identifier or a range of equipment identifiers) or sub...
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6.15 Energy efficiency
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6.15.1 Description
Energy efficiency is a critical issue in 5G. The potential to deploy systems in areas without a reliable energy source requires new methods of managing energy consumption not only in the UEs but throughout all components of the 5G system. Small form factor UEs also typically have a small battery and this not only puts...
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6.15.2 Requirements
The 5G access network shall support an energy saving mode with the following characteristics: - the energy saving mode can be activated/deactivated either manually or automatically; - service can be restricted to a group of users (e.g. public safety user, emergency callers). NOTE: When in energy saving mode the UE's...
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6.16 Markets requiring minimal service levels
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6.16.1 Description
A key aspect of 5G system flexibility is the ability to support both the very high-end markets as well as very low-end markets. Some systems will be deployed in areas where there are constraints on energy resources (e.g. sporadic access to power) and lower end user expectations for availability, reliability, and data r...
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6.16.2 Requirements
In constrained circumstances (e.g. reduced power supply), the 5G system shall be able to support a minimal user experience (e.g. user experienced data rate of [100] kbit/s, E2E latency of 50 ms, lower availability of the network of 95%). The 5G system shall support centralized automation and management of the network ...
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6.17 Extreme long range coverage in low density areas
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6.17.1 Description
A fully connected society is expected in the near future. The network access everywhere over long distances (e.g. at remote rural areas or at sea) including both humans and machines need to be supported.
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6.17.2 Requirements
The 5G system shall support the extreme long-range coverage (up to 100 km) in low density areas (up to 2 user/km2). The 5G system shall support a minimum user throughput of 1 Mbit/s on DL and 100 kbit/s on UL at the edge of coverage. The 5G system shall support a minimum cell throughput capacity of 10 Mbit/s/cell on ...
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6.18 Multi-network connectivity and service delivery across operators
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6.18.1 Description
Given the multitude of use cases for new verticals and services, each operator, based on its business model, can deploy a network serving only a subset of the vertical industries and services. However, this should not prevent an end-user from accessing all new services and capabilities that will be accessible via 5G sy...
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6.18.2 Requirements
The 5G system shall enable users to obtain services from more than one network simultaneously on an on-demand basis. For a user with a single operator subscription, the use of multiple serving networks operated by different operators shall be under the control of the home operator. When a service is offered by multip...
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6.19 3GPP access network selection
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6.19.1 Description
The 5G system will support the concept of "network slices" where different NG-RANs potentially are connected to network slices of different SSTs. A 5G UE can provide assistance information (e.g. SST) to enable the network to select one or more network slices. A 5G system is foreseen to support one or more SSTs, but pos...
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6.19.2 Requirements
The following set of requirements complement the requirements listed in 3GPP TS 22.011 [3], clause 3.2. The 5G system shall support selection among any available PLMN/RAT combinations, identified through their respective PLMN identifier and Radio Access Technology identifier, in a prioritised order. The priority orde...
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6.20.1 Description
The 3GPP system is expected to support various enhanced V2X scenarios. Vehicles Platooning enables the vehicles to dynamically form a group travelling together. All the vehicles in the platoon receive periodic data from the leading vehicle, in order to carry on platoon operations. This information allows the distance...
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6.20.2 Requirements
The 3GPP system supports the transport of messages with different performance requirements to support V2X scenarios. The associated requirements are described in eV2X 3GPP TS 22.186 [9].
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6.21 NG-RAN Sharing
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6.21.1 Description
The increased density of access nodes needed to meet future performance objectives poses considerable challenges in deployment and acquiring spectrum and antenna locations. RAN sharing is seen as a technical solution to these issues. In RAN Sharing operations, NG-RAN resources can be used by multiple network operators...
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6.21.2 Requirements
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6.21.2.1 General
Requirements related to NG-RAN sharing are described in 3GPP TS 22.101 [6], mainly in clause 28.2. A 5G satellite access network shall support NG-RAN sharing.
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6.21.2.2 Indirect network sharing
NOTE 1: Charging requirements for "Network Sharing" can be found in clause 9.6 of this document. The 5G system shall be able to support Indirect Network Sharing between the Shared NG-RAN and one or more Participating NG-RAN Operators’ core networks, by means of the connection being routed through the Hosting NG-RAN Op...
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6.22 Unified access control
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6.22.1 Description
Depending on operator's policies, deployment scenarios, subscriber profiles, and available services, different criterion will be used in determining which access attempt should be allowed or blocked when congestion occurs in the 5G System. These different criteria for access control are associated with Access Identitie...
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6.22.2 Requirements
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6.22.2.1 General
Based on operator policy, the 5G system shall be able to prevent UEs from accessing the network using relevant barring parameters that vary depending on Access Identity and Access Category. Access Identities are configured at the UE as listed in Table 6.22.2.2-1. Access Categories are defined by the combination of cond...
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6.22.2.2 Access identities
Table 6.22.2.2-1: Access Identities Access Identity number UE configuration 0 UE is not configured with any parameters from this table 1 (NOTE 1) UE is configured for Multimedia Priority Service (MPS). 2 (NOTE 2) UE is configured for Mission Critical Service (MCS). 3 UE for which Disaster Condition applies (n...
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6.22.2.3 Access categories
Table 6.22.2.3-1: Access Categories Access Category number Conditions related to UE Type of access attempt 0 All MO signalling resulting from paging 1 (NOTE 1) UE is configured for delay tolerant service and subject to access control for Access Category 1, which is judged based on relation of UE’s HPLMN and...
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6.23 QoS monitoring
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6.23.1 Description
The QoS requirements specified for particular services such as URLLC services, vertical automation communication services, and V2X, mandate QoS guarantees from the network. However, the network cannot always guarantee the required QoS of the service. An example reason for this shortcoming is that the latency and/or pac...
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6.23.2 Requirements
The 5G system shall provide a mechanism for supporting real-time E2E QoS monitoring within a system. NOTE 1: The end points in E2E are the termination points of the communication service within the boundary of the 5G system. The 5G system shall support combined QoS monitoring for a group of UEs. NOTE 1A: Combined mo...
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6.24 Ethernet transport services
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6.24.1 Description
This clause includes common, fundamental Ethernet transport requirements, and any requirements necessary to support a 5G LAN-type service. The requirements applicable to the 5G system for supporting cyber-physical applications using Ethernet are described in 3GPP TS 22.104 [21].
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6.24.2 Requirements
The 3GPP system shall be able to support an Ethernet transport service. The 5G network shall support the routing of non-IP packet (e.g. Ethernet frame) efficiently for private communication between UEs within a 5G LAN-type service. The 5G network shall be able to provide the required QoS (e.g. reliability, latency, a...
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6.25 Non-public networks
6.25.1 Description Non-public networks are intended for the sole use of a private entity such as an enterprise, and can be deployed in a variety of configurations, utilising both virtual and physical elements. Specifically, they can be deployed as completely standalone networks, they can be hosted by a PLMN, or they ...
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6.26 5G LAN-type service
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6.26.1 Description
5G expands the scope and reach of 3GPP-defined technologies. There are multiple market segments in the realm of residential, office, enterprise and factory, where 5G will need to provide services with similar functionalities to Local Area Networks (LANs) and VPN’s but improved with 5G capabilities (e.g. high performanc...
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6.26.2 Requirements
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6.26.2.1 General
NOTE: Charging requirements for "5G LAN-type service" can be found in clause 9.2 of this document. The 5G system shall support 5G LAN-type service in a shared RAN configuration. The 5G system shall support 5G LAN-type service over a wide area mobile network. The 5G network shall support service continuity for 5G LA...
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6.26.2.2 5G LAN-virtual network (5G LAN-VN)
A UE shall be able to select a 5G LAN-VN, that the UE is a member of, for private communication. A 5G system shall support 5G LAN-VNs with member UEs numbering between a few to tens of thousands. The 5G system shall be able to support large numbers of small 5G LAN-VNs. NOTE: Targeting residential deployments transl...
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6.26.2.3 Creation and management
The 5G network shall enable the network operator to scale up/down a 5G LAN-VN, e.g. the coverage, capacity for efficient consumption of network resources. The 5G network shall enable the network operator to create, manage, and remove 5G LAN-VN including their related functionality (subscription data, routing and addre...
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6.26.2.4 Privacy
The 5G system shall be able to prevent the sharing of a UE’s identifying information (e.g. SUPI, MSISDN) on private communication among UEs using 5G LAN-type service.
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6.26.2.5 Traffic types
A 5G system shall support all media types (e.g. voice, data, multimedia) for 5G LAN-type service. The 5G system shall support traffic scenarios typically found in a home setting (from sensors to video streaming, relatively low amount of UEs per group, many devices are used only occasionally) for 5G LAN-type service. ...
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6.26.2.6 Discovery
The 5G system shall enable a member UE to discover other member UEs within the same 5G LAN-VN. The 5G LAN-type service shall be able to support existing non-3GPP service discovery mechanisms (e.g. mechanisms to discover printers). 6.26.2.7 (void)
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6.26.2.8 Indirect communication mode
The 5G system shall support 5G LAN-type service for authorized UEs using indirect network connection or direct network connection. The 5G network shall be able to provide a remote UE using 5G LAN-type service with same level of service as if the remote UE would be using a direct network connection (i.e. provide requir...
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6.26.2.9 Service exposure
Based on MNO policy, the 5G network shall provide suitable APIs to allow a trusted third-party to create/remove a 5G LAN-VN. Based on MNO policy, the 5G network shall provide suitable APIs to allow a trusted third-party to manage a 5G LAN-VN dedicated for the usage by the trusted third-party, including the address all...
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6.27 Positioning services
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6.27.1 Description
5G positioning services aims to support verticals and applications with positioning accuracies better than 10 meters, thus more accurate than the ones of TS 22.071 [24] for LCS. High accuracy positioning is characterized by ambitious system requirements for positioning accuracy in many verticals and applications, inclu...
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6.27.2 Requirements
The 5G system shall provide 5G positioning services in compliance with regulatory requirements. NOTE 1: example of regulatory requirements encompasses requirements on emergency calls (e.g. e911), reliability and safety requirement (RAMS) applicable to some use cases and verticals, implementation of Priority, Preceden...
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6.28 Cyber-physical control applications in vertical domains
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6.28.1 Description
The 5G system is expected to meet the service requirements for cyber-physical control applications in vertical domains. A vertical domain is a particular industry or group of enterprises in which similar products or services are developed, produced, and provided. Automation refers to the control of processes, devices...
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6.28.2 Requirements
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6.28.2.1 General
The 5G system supports the communication services for cyber-physical control applications in the vertical domains of factories of the future (smart manufacturing), electric power distribution, smart grid, central power generation, and rail-bound mass transit. The associated requirements are described in 3GPP TS 22.104 ...
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6.28.2.2 Smart Grid
For the 5G system to support the Smart Grid, the 5G systems needs to fulfil at minimum the following requirements. - 3GPP TS 22.104 clauses 5.2, 5.3, and 5.6 for requirements related to periodic communication, aperiodic communication, and clock synchronization; - 3GPP TS22.104, clause 5.6.1, 5.6C, 9 and A.4 for Smart...
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6.29 Messaging aspects
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6.29.1 Description
The 5G system is expected to support advanced capabilities and performance of messaging service especially for massive IoT communication which are introduced by the MSGin5G Service [22]. The MSGin5G Service provides one to one, group and broadcast message services for thing-to-thing and person-to-thing communication wi...
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6.29.2 Requirements
The 5G system supports the MSGin5G Service. The associated service level requirements of the MSGin5G Service are described in 3GPP TS 22.262 [22].
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6.30 Steering of roaming
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6.30.1 Description
Steering of roaming allows the HPLMN (or subscribed NPN) to steer a UE to a VPLMN or NPN on which the HPLMN (or subscribed NPN) wants the UE to register, when the UE registers on another VPLMN or NPN. This capability can be needed for reasons e.g. reselection to a higher priority PLMN, or NPNs, based on business arrang...
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6.30.2 Requirements
The following set of requirements complement the requirements listed in 3GPP TS 22.011 [3], clause 3.2.2.8. The 5G system shall support a mechanism for the HPLMN to control the timing when a UE registered on a VPLMN, in automatic mode (see clause 3.1 of TS 23.122 [25]) and currently in CONNECTED mode, enters IDLE mode...
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6.31 Minimization of Service Interruption
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6.31.1 Description
A mobile network can fail to provide service in the event of a disaster (for example a fire.) The requirements listed in this clause provide the 5GS with the capability to mitigate interruption of service. UEs can obtain service in the event of a disaster, if there are PLMN operators prepared to offer service. The mini...
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6.31.2 Requirements
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6.31.2.1 General
Subject to regulatory requirements or operator's policy, 3GPP system shall be able to enable a UE of a given PLMN to obtain connectivity service (e.g. voice call, mobile data service) from another PLMN for the area where a Disaster Condition applies. Subject to regulatory requirements, operator's policy or UE capabili...
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6.31.2.2 Disaster Condition
The 3GPP system shall enable UEs to obtain information that a Disaster Condition applies to a particular PLMN or PLMNs. NOTE: If a UE has no coverage of its HPLMN, then obtains information that a Disaster Condition applies to the UE's HPLMN, the UE can register with a PLMN offering Disaster Roaming service. The 3GPP ...
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6.31.2.3 Disaster Roaming
NOTE: Charging requirements for "Minimization of Service Interruption" can be found in clause 9.7 of this document. The 3GPP system shall be able to provide means to enable a UE to access PLMNs in a forbidden PLMN list if a Disaster condition applies and no other PLMN is available except for PLMNs in the forbidden PLM...
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6.32 UAV aspects
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6.32.1 Description
The 3GPP system is expected to support various enhanced UAV scenarios, especially for a wide range of applications and scenarios by using low altitude UAVs in various commercial and government sectors.
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6.32.2 Requirements
The 3GPP system supports service requirements and KPIs related to command and control (C2), payload (e.g. camera) and the operation of radio access nodes on-board of UAVs. The associated requirements are described in 3GPP TS 22.125 [26].
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6.33 Video, imaging and audio for professional applications
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6.33.1 Description
Audio-Visual (AV) production includes television and radio studios, live news-gathering, sports events, music festivals, among others. Typically, numerous wireless devices such as microphones, in-ear monitoring systems or cameras are used in these scenarios. In the future, the wireless communication service for such de...
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6.33.2 Requirements
The 5G system supports the communication services for video, imaging and audio for professional applications. The associated requirements are described in 3GPP TS 22.263 [28].
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6.34 Critical medical applications
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6.34.1 Description
The 5G system is expected to meet the service requirements for critical medical applications where critical medical applications denote medical devices and applications involved in the delivery of care for patient’s survival. Additionally, as the medical industry undergoes a shift to value-based healthcare, where compa...
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6.34.2 Requirements
The 5G system shall support the communication services for critical medical applications. The associated requirements are described: - in 3GPP TS 22.104 [21] for the requirements related to controlling both local or remote robotic diagnosis or surgery systems, - in 3GPP TS 22.263 [28] for the requirements related to ...
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6.35 Service Function Chaining
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6.35.1 Introduction
In order to support enhancement of service function chaining for 5G networks beyond the requirements for FMSS in TS 22.101, the network operator defines service function chaining policies for service function chaining to steer the traffic associated to the application and its users on per UE basis to appropriate ordere...
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6.35.2 General Requirements
The following requirements apply for supporting enhancement of service function chaining for 5G networks: - The network operator shall be able to define and modify service function chaining policies for steering traffic on per application per UE basis through required service function chaining with ordered service fun...
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6.35.3 Service Function Management
- The service function management shall allow the operator to create, modify, and delete a service function based on operator’s service function chaining policies. - The service function management shall allow the operator to create, configure, and control a chain of service functions per application and its users on ...
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6.36 5G Timing Resiliency
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6.36.1 Overview
5G systems rely on reference precision timing signals for network synchronization in order to operate. These synchronization references are generated by Primary reference Time Clocks that typically get the timing reference from GNSS receivers and in order to meet the relevant synchronization requirements also during fa...
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6.36.2 General
NOTE: Charging requirements for "5G Timing Resiliency" can be found in clause 9.3 of this document. The 5G system shall support enhanced timing resiliency in collaboration with different types of time sources (e.g., GNSS, TBS/MBS [33] [34], Sync over Fiber [34]) to provide a robust time synchronization. The 5G system...
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6.36.3 Monitoring and Reporting
The 5G system shall be able to support mechanisms to monitor for timing source failure (e.g., GNSS). The 5G system shall be able to detect when reference timing signals (e.g., from GNSS or other timing source) are no longer viable for network time synchronization. The 5G system shall support a mechanism to determine...
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6.36.4 Service Exposure
The 5G system shall support a mechanism for a 3rd party application to request resilient timing with specific KPIs (e.g., accuracy, interval, coverage area). 6.37 Ranging based services
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6.37.1 Description
Ranging-based services are the applications utilizing the distance between two UEs and/or the direction of one UE from the other one. In 3D case, direction includes horizontal direction and elevation direction. Ranging-based services can apply to a variety of verticals, such as consumer, smart home, smart city, smart t...
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6.37.2 Requirements
The 5G system shall be able to support for a UE to discover other UEs supporting ranging. The 5G system shall be able to authorize ranging for a UE or a group of UE when using licensed spectrum. The 5G system shall be able to protect privacy of a UE and its user, ensuring that no identifiable information can be track...
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6.38 Personal IoT Networks and Customer Premises Networks
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6.38.1 Description
Personal IoT Networks (PINs) and Customer Premises Networks (CPNs) provide local connectivity between UEs and/or non-3GPP devices. The CPN via an eRG or a legacy residential gateway, or PIN Elements via a PIN Element with Gateway Capability can provide access to 5G network services for the UEs and/or non-3GPP devices o...
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6.38.2 Requirements