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ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Postsynaptic neuron [Question]
neuron that conducts information away from a synapse
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Glial cell [Question]
non-neuronal cell in CNS; helps regulate extracellular environment of CNS
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Astrocytes (most common), Obligodendrocytes, Microglia, & Ependymal; All in CNS. Schwann cells only kind in PNS [Question]
Know 5 types of Glial cells and their system location
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Participate in the metabolism of neurotransmitters, maintain proper balance of K for generation of nerve impulses, help form the blood-brain barrier that regulates passage of substances into the brain, & provide a link between neurons and blood vessels [Question]
Know the 4 functions of Astrocytes
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Electrical potential [Question]
voltage difference between two points
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Resistance [Question]
hindrance to movement through a particular substance, tube, or opening
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Resting membrane potential (phys level is -70mV) [Question]
voltage difference between inside and outside of cell in absence of stimulation
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Graded potential [Question]
changes in membrane potential that are confined to a relatively small region of the plasma membrane (good for interneurons, not long distances)It has no threshold or refractory period
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Depolarization [Question]
to change membrane potential value toward zero so that cell interior becomes less negative than resting level (only happens w/ Na).
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Overshoot [Question]
part of the action potential in which the membrane potential goes above zero
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Repolarize [Question]
return transmembrane potential to its resting level
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Hyperpolarize [Question]
to change membrane potential so cell interior becomes more negative than its resting state
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Decremental [Question]
the flow of charge decreases as the distance from the site of origin of the graded potential increases
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Action potential [Question]
a brief all-or-none depolarization of the membrane, reversing polarity in neurons; it has a threshold and refractory period and is conducted without decrement
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Voltage gated channels (will open at -55mV) [Question]
cell membrane ion channel opened or closed by changes in membrane potential
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Inactivation gate [Question]
potion of the voltage-gated Na or K channel that closes the channel
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Threshold potential (-55mV level) [Question]
membrane potential above which an excitable cell initiates an action potential
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Excitable membrane [Question]
membrane capable of producing action potentials
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Ex: of positive feedback in a voltage gated channel; Na channels pull further from -70mV [Question]
when the membrane reaches a critical threshold potential, depolarization becomes a (+) feedback loop. Na entry causes depolarization, which opens more voltage-gated Na channels, which causes more depolarization and so on
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Ex: of negative feedback process; K channels bring V back closer to -70mV [Question]
voltage-gated K channels bring the action potential to an end and induce their own closing of the channels
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Action potentials have a "max" frequency, can only move in 1 direction. AP's in motor-neurons can go in both directions (only exception) [Question]
Properties of action potentials
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Threshold stimuli [Question]
stimulus capable of depolarizing membrane just to threshold
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Propagation [Question]
conduction of nerve impulse
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Saltatory conduction (to leap) [Question]
propagation of action potentials along a myelinated axon such that the action potentials jump from one node of Ranvier in the myelin sheath to the next
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Pacemaker potential (ex: small intestine, heart) [Question]
a spontaneously occurring graded potential change that occurs in certain specialized cells
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Refractory period [Question]
time during which an excitable membrane does not respond to a stimulus that normally causes response
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Excitatory synapse [Question]
synapse that, when activated, increases likelihood that postsynaptic neuron will undergo AP or increases frequency of existing APs
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Inhibitory synapse [Question]
synapse that, when activated, decreases likelihood that postsynaptic neuron will fire an AP or decreases frequency of existing APs
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Convergence [Question]
many presynaptic neurons synapsing upon one postsynaptic neuron
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Divergence [Question]
one presynaptic neuron synapsing upon many postsynaptic neurons
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Function of synapses [Question]
There can be two types of synapses, electrical or chemical
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Synaptic vesicle [Question]
cellular structure that holds and releases neurotransmitter at the synapse
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) [Question]
depolarizing graded potential in postsynaptic neuron in response to activation of excitatory synapse
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) [Question]
hyper-polarizing graded potential that arises in postsynaptic neuron in response to activation of inhibitory synaptic endings upon it; EX: Cl or K channels open, cell becomes more (-)
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Axo-axonic synapse [Question]
presynaptic synapse where an axon stimulates the presynaptic terminal of another axon
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Presynaptic facilitation [Question]
excitatory input to neurons through synapses at the nerve terminal
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Presynaptic inhibition [Question]
inhibitory input to neurons through synapses at the nerve terminal
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Autoreceptor [Question]
a receptor on a cell affected by a chemical messenger released from the same cell (form of negative feedback)
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Receptor desensitization [Question]
temporary inability of a receptor to respond to its ligand due to prior ligand binding
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Neuromodulator [Question]
chemical messenger that acts on neurons, usually by a 2nd messenger system, to alter response of a neurotransmitter
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Acetylcholine, Biogenic amines, Amino acids(Glutamate & GABA), Neuropeptides, & Miscellaneous(Gases ex: NO2 & CO2) [Question]
Know the 5 most common classes of Chemical Neurotransmitters(chemicals that act very quick/short periods) or Neuromodulators(chemicals that act slowly/long periods)
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Catecholamines (Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine), Serotonin, & Histamine [Question]
Know the sub-classes of Biogenic amines:
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Acetylcholine (ACh) [Question]
a major neurotransmitter released in the PNS at the neuromuscular junction and in the brain
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Acetylcholinesterase [Question]
enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine into acetic acid and choline
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Cerebrum, Diencephalon(together make up the Forebrain), Brainstem(Midbrain, Pons, Medulla oblongata), and Cerebellum [Question]
Four sub-divsions of the brain
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Cerebral Hemisphere, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Limbic System [Question]
Four subdivisions of the Forebrain
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Cerebral cortex, an outer shell of "gray matter" (cell bodies), and and inner layer of "white matter" (myelinated fiber/fat) [Question]
Cerebral hemisphere consist of:
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Corpus callosum [Question]
wide band of nerve fibers connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Cerebral cortex [Question]
Cellular layer covering the cerebrum
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, & Temporal [Question]
The cortex of each cerebral hemisphere is divided into 4 lobes:
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Gyrus (gyri) [Question]
raised ridges on the outer surface of the cerebral cortex
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Sulcus (sulci) [Question]
deep grooves between gyri on the surface of the cerebral cortex
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Pyramidal cells [Question]
large neuron with pyramid shaped cell body which form the major output cells of the cortex
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Thalamus [Question]
1 of 2 major parts of Diencephalon; "Grand Central Station". Integrating center for sensory input on its way to cerebral cortex
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Hypothalamus [Question]
other major part of Diencephalon, brain region below thalumus; responsible for integration of many basic neural & behavioral functions
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Pituitary gland [Question]
endocrine gland that lies below hypothalamus
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Limbic system [Question]
interconnected brain structures in cerebrum; involved with emotions and memory formation (Hippocampus)
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Cerebellum [Question]
brain subdivision lying behind forebrain and above brainstem; deals with muscle movement control/ balance control
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Brainstem [Question]
brain subdivision consisting of midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] these are the peripheral nerves that connect directly with the brain and communicates with the muscles, glands, and sensory receptors of the head as well as many organs in the body [Question]
brainstem contains nuclei involved in processing info for 10 of the 12 "pairs" of cranial nerves
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Olfactory I(smell) & Optic II(in eye) are NOT "true nerves". Know: Facial VII(Efferent, controls facial expression & swallowing), Vestibulocochlear VIII(Afferent; transmits in from receptors in ear), & Vagus X(Efferent; used to control voice) [Question]
The Cranial Nerves:
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Dorsal horn & Ventral horn [Question]
regions of gray matter in the spinal cord containing cell bodies of interneurons & motoer neurons
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Dorsal root [Question]
group of afferent nerve fibers that enters dorsal region of spinal cord
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Dorsal root Ganglion [Question]
group of "afferent" sensory nerve cell bodies that have axons projecting to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Ventral root [Question]
one of two groups of efferent fibers that leave ventral side of spinal cord
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Spinal nerve; there are (31) pairs of spinal nerves. The remaining (12) are the cranial nerves [Question]
one of 86 peripheral nerves (43 pairs) that join spinal cord
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Cervical (8), Thoracic (12), Lumbar (5), Sacral (5), & Coccyx (1) [Question]
Know the # of spinal nerves in each of the main sections of the spinal cord
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Somatic nervous system [Question]
component of efferent peripheral nervous system, consists of single neruon chain that innervates skeletal muscle
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Autonomic nervous system [Question]
component of efferent peripheral nervous system, consists of parasympatheitc & sympathetic subdivisions; has "two-neuron" chains, innervates smooth & cardiac muscle, glands, & GI neurons
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Fight-or-flight response [Question]
activation of sympathetic nervous system due to increased conditions of physical or psychological stress
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Rest-or-digest [Question]
activation of parasympathetic nervous system in which homeostatic functions are predominant
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Dual innervation [Question]
innervation of an organ or gland by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) [Question]
fluid that fills cerebral ventricles and the "subarachnoid space" surrounding brain and spinal cord
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
ca8006ed_Flashcards_about_BIOL_201__Question
[Answer] Meninges [Question]
protective membranes that cover brain and spinal cord (3 types; Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and Pia mater)
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Flashcards about BIOL 201
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-356487
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00342-ip-10-236-191-2_737032503_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] systemic inflammatory response syndrome; fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, incrsd WBC [Question]
whats does SIRS stand for? Signs?
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] documented infxn and SIRS [Question]
how is sepsis defined
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] sepsis and hypotension refractory to fluid resuscitation [Question]
define septic shock
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] 750cc of 15%, nml vitals [Question]
define class I hemorrhage; signs/symptoms
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] 30-40% blood loss, nml SBP, decrsd pulse P, tachycardia, tachypnea [Question]
define class II hemorrhage; signs/symptoms
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] decrsd SBP, tachycardia, tachypnea, decrsd pulse P [Question]
define class III hemorrhage; signs/symptoms
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] >40%, no UOP, decrsd SBP, tachycardia, tachypnea, decrsd pulse P, confused/lethargic [Question]
define class IV hemorrhage; signs/symptoms
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] 4/2/1 rule, 4ml/kg for first 10kg, 2ml/kg for next 10, 1ml/kg beyond that [Question]
calculating hourly fluids
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] 110ml/hr [Question]
MIVF for 110kg man
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] inability to concentrate urine [Question]
why is 1/4NS used in young children
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] inguinal lig, epigastric vessels, rectus sheath [Question]
what composes Hesselbachs triangle
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] ilioinguinal nerve [Question]
what nerve is on top of the spermatic cord
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] L renal vein [Question]
what does the L testicular vein drain into
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] IVC [Question]
what does the R testicular vein drain into
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] adheres the testes to scrotal sac [Question]
what is gubernaculum
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] peritoneal reflections of asc and desc colon [Question]
what are white lines of Toldt
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] vein of Mayo [Question]
what is vein on top of pylorus
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] pouch bw rectum and bladder or uterus [Question]
what is pouch of douglas
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] L subclavian at jxn L IJ [Question]
what does the thoracic duct empty into
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] hypogastric [Question]
what is internal iliac artery called
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] scarpas, ext oblique, int oblique, transversus abdominis, transversalis fascia [Question]
what are layers of abd wall
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] colon has taenia coli, haustra, and appendices epiploicae [Question]
how colon and small bowel difft
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] T10 [Question]
what dermatome umbilicus
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] fluid is 60% total body wgt, 40% is intracellular, 20% is extracellular [Question]
what % body wgt is intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid?
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] 7% of 70kg=5L [Question]
how much blood in 70kg man
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json
75e598aa_Flashcards_about_MGH_interview__Question
[Answer] peaked T, depressed ST, prolonged PR, wide QRS [Question]
EKG changes of hyperkalemia
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Flashcards about MGH interview
Question
http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-773842
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00301-ip-10-236-191-2_734016159_3.json