id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
|---|---|---|---|
56e0a3d47aa994140058e687 | The ownership of what islands are disputed with Japan? | the southernmost Kurils | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nAt the end of World War II Soviet troops occupied southern Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands, making them part of the RSFSR. The status of the southernmost Kurils remains in dispute with Japan."
] |
56e0a41f7aa994140058e68b | On what date was Kaliningrad Oblast annexed? | April 17, 1946 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn April 17, 1946, the Kaliningrad Oblast — the northern portion of the former German province of East Prussia—was annexed by the Soviet Union and made part of the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a41f7aa994140058e68c | What province of Germany did Kaliningrad Oblast form a part of? | East Prussia | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn April 17, 1946, the Kaliningrad Oblast — the northern portion of the former German province of East Prussia—was annexed by the Soviet Union and made part of the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a41f7aa994140058e68d | What administrative division did Kaliningrad Oblast become a part of? | the Russian SFSR | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn April 17, 1946, the Kaliningrad Oblast — the northern portion of the former German province of East Prussia—was annexed by the Soviet Union and made part of the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a46c231d4119001ac307 | Who was demoted on February 8, 1955? | Malenkov | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn February 8, 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion."
] |
56e0a46c231d4119001ac308 | To what position was Malenkov demoted? | deputy Prime Minister | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn February 8, 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion."
] |
56e0a46c231d4119001ac309 | What position was held by Nikita Khrushchev? | First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn February 8, 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion."
] |
56e0a46c231d4119001ac30a | Who benefited from the demotion of Malenkov? | Nikita Khrushchev | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn February 8, 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion."
] |
56e0a4e7231d4119001ac30f | When was the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic transferred from the Georgian SSR? | January 9, 1957 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a4e7231d4119001ac310 | What territory was transferred along with the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic? | Karachay Autonomous Oblast | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a4e7231d4119001ac311 | Who transferred the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1957? | Khrushchev | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a4e7231d4119001ac312 | To what republic was the Karachay Autonomous Oblast transferred in 1957? | the Russian SFSR | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a4e7231d4119001ac313 | What republic had the Karachay Autonomous Oblast previously been a part of? | the Georgian SSR | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn January 9, 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR."
] |
56e0a534231d4119001ac319 | Who lost power in 1964? | Nikita Khrushchev | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nIn 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. Even after he died in 1982, the era didn’t end until Mikhail Gorb... |
56e0a534231d4119001ac31a | Who assumed a position of power in 1964? | Leonid Brezhnev | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nIn 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. Even after he died in 1982, the era didn’t end until Mikhail Gorb... |
56e0a534231d4119001ac31b | When did Leonid Brezhnev die? | 1982 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nIn 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. Even after he died in 1982, the era didn’t end until Mikhail Gorb... |
56e0a534231d4119001ac31c | Whose assumption of power ended the era of stagnation? | Mikhail Gorbachev | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nIn 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. Even after he died in 1982, the era didn’t end until Mikhail Gorb... |
56e0a534231d4119001ac31d | How did Mikhail Gorbachev end the era of stagnation? | introduced liberal reforms in Soviet society | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nIn 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. Even after he died in 1982, the era didn’t end until Mikhail Gorb... |
56e0a5b6231d4119001ac323 | On what date was the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR adopted? | June 12, 1990 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR, which was the beginning of the \"War of Laws\", pitting the Soviet Union against the Russian Federation and other constituent republi... |
56e0a5b6231d4119001ac324 | What body passed the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR? | the Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR, which was the beginning of the \"War of Laws\", pitting the Soviet Union against the Russian Federation and other constituent republi... |
56e0a5b6231d4119001ac325 | What was the name of the period inaugurated by the passage of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR? | the "War of Laws" | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR, which was the beginning of the \"War of Laws\", pitting the Soviet Union against the Russian Federation and other constituent republi... |
56e0a5b6231d4119001ac326 | What government was the Russian Federation fighting against during this period? | the Soviet Union | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR, which was the beginning of the \"War of Laws\", pitting the Soviet Union against the Russian Federation and other constituent republi... |
56e0a622231d4119001ac32b | On what date was the office of President of the RSFSR created? | March 17, 1991 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union an... |
56e0a622231d4119001ac32c | Who was the first President of the RSFSR? | Boris Yeltsin | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union an... |
56e0a622231d4119001ac32d | Who was the President of the Soviet Union in 1991? | Mikhail Gorbachev | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union an... |
56e0a622231d4119001ac32e | On what date did the first election for President of the RSFSR occur? | June 12 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union an... |
56e0a622231d4119001ac32f | During what period was there an attempted coup in Moscow? | August 19–21, 1991 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union an... |
56e0a6c4231d4119001ac335 | On what date was the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR suspended? | August 23 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn August 23, after the failure of GKChP, in the presence of Gorbachev, Yeltsin signed a decree suspending all activity by the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR in the territory of Russia. On November 6, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR an... |
56e0a6c4231d4119001ac336 | Who signed the decree suspending the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR? | Yeltsin | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn August 23, after the failure of GKChP, in the presence of Gorbachev, Yeltsin signed a decree suspending all activity by the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR in the territory of Russia. On November 6, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR an... |
56e0a6c4231d4119001ac337 | On what date was the Communist Parties of the USSR banned from operating in the RSFSR? | November 6 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn August 23, after the failure of GKChP, in the presence of Gorbachev, Yeltsin signed a decree suspending all activity by the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR in the territory of Russia. On November 6, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR an... |
56e0a6c4231d4119001ac338 | Aside from Yeltsin, what notable figure was present at the signing of the August 23 decree? | Gorbachev | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn August 23, after the failure of GKChP, in the presence of Gorbachev, Yeltsin signed a decree suspending all activity by the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR in the territory of Russia. On November 6, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR an... |
56e0a753231d4119001ac33d | In what country is Viskuli located? | Belarus | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the \"Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States\" (known in media as Belavezha Accords). ... |
56e0a753231d4119001ac33e | On what date was the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States signed? | December 8, 1991 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the \"Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States\" (known in media as Belavezha Accords). ... |
56e0a753231d4119001ac33f | What is another name for the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States? | Belavezha Accords | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the \"Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States\" (known in media as Belavezha Accords). ... |
56e0a753231d4119001ac340 | What body ratified the Belavezha Accords on December 12? | the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the \"Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States\" (known in media as Belavezha Accords). ... |
56e0a753231d4119001ac341 | The Belavezha Accords consisted of how many articles? | fourteen | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the \"Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States\" (known in media as Belavezha Accords). ... |
56e0a80a7aa994140058e691 | When did the Russian Federation assume the Soviet Union's membership in the UN? | December 24 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 24, Yeltsin informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations that by agreement of the member states of the CIS Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including permanent membership in the UN Security Counc... |
56e0a80a7aa994140058e692 | On what day did Gorbachev give up the presidency of the Soviet Union? | December 25 | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 24, Yeltsin informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations that by agreement of the member states of the CIS Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including permanent membership in the UN Security Counc... |
56e0a80a7aa994140058e693 | What was the new name given to the Russian SFSR after the resignation of Gorbachev? | the Russian Federation | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 24, Yeltsin informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations that by agreement of the member states of the CIS Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including permanent membership in the UN Security Counc... |
56e0a80a7aa994140058e694 | Who was the first president of the Russian Federation? | Yeltsin | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 24, Yeltsin informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations that by agreement of the member states of the CIS Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including permanent membership in the UN Security Counc... |
56e0a80a7aa994140058e695 | In what periodical was the new sovereign status of the Russian Federation first published? | Rossiyskaya Gazeta | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nOn December 24, Yeltsin informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations that by agreement of the member states of the CIS Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including permanent membership in the UN Security Counc... |
56e0a85e7aa994140058e69b | What was the government of the RSFSR called up to 1946? | the Council of People's Commissars | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991). The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as \"Chairman of the Council of People's Commiss... |
56e0a85e7aa994140058e69c | What was the RSFSR government called starting in 1946? | Council of Ministers | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991). The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as \"Chairman of the Council of People's Commiss... |
56e0a85e7aa994140058e69d | When the Soviet Union ended in 1991, what was the RSFSR government called? | Council of Ministers–Government | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991). The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as \"Chairman of the Council of People's Commiss... |
56e0a85e7aa994140058e69e | Who led the first government of the RSFSR? | Vladimir Lenin | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991). The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as \"Chairman of the Council of People's Commiss... |
56e0a85e7aa994140058e69f | Who led the final government of the RSFSR? | Boris Yeltsin | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991). The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as \"Chairman of the Council of People's Commiss... |
56e0a8ad231d4119001ac347 | What political organization controlled the RSFSR up to 1991? | the Communist Party of the Soviet Union | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Russian SFSR was controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, until the abortive 1991 August coup, which prompted President Yeltsin to suspend the recently created Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic."
] |
56e0a8ad231d4119001ac348 | What event prompted the end to the control of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the RSFSR? | the abortive 1991 August coup | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Russian SFSR was controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, until the abortive 1991 August coup, which prompted President Yeltsin to suspend the recently created Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic."
] |
56e0a8ad231d4119001ac349 | Who suspended the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic? | Yeltsin | [
"Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\n\nThe Russian SFSR was controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, until the abortive 1991 August coup, which prompted President Yeltsin to suspend the recently created Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic."
] |
56df75d15ca0a614008f9a9a | What is Bell most famous for inventing? | telephone | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born[N 3] scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone."
] |
56df75d15ca0a614008f9a9b | What year did Bell die? | 1922 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born[N 3] scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone."
] |
56df75d15ca0a614008f9a9c | What was special about his telephone? | practical | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born[N 3] scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone."
] |
56df75d15ca0a614008f9a9d | What is Bell's full name? | Alexander Graham Bell | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born[N 3] scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone."
] |
56df764f5ca0a614008f9aae | What is Bell famous for inventing? | telephone | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born[N 3] scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone."
] |
56df76c85ca0a614008f9ac3 | What were his relatives known for working on? | elocution and speech | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nBell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culmi... |
56df76c85ca0a614008f9ac4 | What was interesting about his mother and wife? | deaf | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nBell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culmi... |
56df76c85ca0a614008f9ac5 | What year did Bell get the patent for his telephone? | 1876 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nBell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culmi... |
56df76c85ca0a614008f9ac6 | In what country did Bell patent his telephone? | U.S. | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nBell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culmi... |
56df76c85ca0a614008f9ac7 | What did Bell never put in his study? | telephone | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nBell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culmi... |
56df778a5ca0a614008f9adb | How many people started the National Geographic Society? | 33 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nMany other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils and aeronautics. Although Bell was not one of the 33 founders of the National Geographic Society, he had a strong influence on the magazine while serving as the second pr... |
56df778a5ca0a614008f9adc | Bell was the second president of what magazine? | National Geographic Society | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nMany other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils and aeronautics. Although Bell was not one of the 33 founders of the National Geographic Society, he had a strong influence on the magazine while serving as the second pr... |
56df778a5ca0a614008f9ade | What field did Bell later work in, apart from optical telecommunications and aeronautics? | hydrofoils | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nMany other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils and aeronautics. Although Bell was not one of the 33 founders of the National Geographic Society, he had a strong influence on the magazine while serving as the second pr... |
56df778a5ca0a614008f9adf | What year did Bell become President of the National Geographic magazine? | 1898 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nMany other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils and aeronautics. Although Bell was not one of the 33 founders of the National Geographic Society, he had a strong influence on the magazine while serving as the second pr... |
56df781c5ca0a614008f9aef | What city was Bell born in? | Edinburgh | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–70) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–67), both of wh... |
56df781c5ca0a614008f9af0 | What material marks Bells family home as his birthplace? | stone | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–70) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–67), both of wh... |
56df781c5ca0a614008f9af1 | What disease did his two brothers die of? | tuberculosis | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–70) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–67), both of wh... |
56df781c5ca0a614008f9af2 | At what age did Bell ask for a middle name? | 10 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–70) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–67), both of wh... |
56df781c5ca0a614008f9af3 | What did those close to him call Bell? | Aleck | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAlexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–70) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–67), both of wh... |
56df7d005ca0a614008f9b1b | What sort of things did Bell collect as a child? | botanical specimens | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what ne... |
56df7d005ca0a614008f9b1c | Who was Bell's closest friend as a child? | Ben Herdman | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what ne... |
56df7d005ca0a614008f9b1d | What sort of mill did Bell's neighbors run? | flour | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what ne... |
56df7d005ca0a614008f9b1e | Bell's dehusking machine combined what with nail brushes? | rotating paddles | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what ne... |
56df7d005ca0a614008f9b1f | What was Bell's reward for his dehusking machine? | small workshop | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what ne... |
56df7da25ca0a614008f9b2d | Bell was gifted at art, poetry, and what? | music | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nFrom his early years, Bell showed a sensitive nature and a talent for art, poetry, and music that was encouraged by his mother. With no formal training, he mastered the piano and became the family's pianist. Despite being normally quiet and introspective, he reveled in mimicry and \"voice ... |
56df7da25ca0a614008f9b2e | What did Bell succeed at without being taught? | piano | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nFrom his early years, Bell showed a sensitive nature and a talent for art, poetry, and music that was encouraged by his mother. With no formal training, he mastered the piano and became the family's pianist. Despite being normally quiet and introspective, he reveled in mimicry and \"voice ... |
56df7da25ca0a614008f9b2f | How old was Bell when his mom started to go deaf? | 12 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nFrom his early years, Bell showed a sensitive nature and a talent for art, poetry, and music that was encouraged by his mother. With no formal training, he mastered the piano and became the family's pianist. Despite being normally quiet and introspective, he reveled in mimicry and \"voice ... |
56df7da25ca0a614008f9b30 | What part of his mom's head would Bell talk into? | forehead | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nFrom his early years, Bell showed a sensitive nature and a talent for art, poetry, and music that was encouraged by his mother. With no formal training, he mastered the piano and became the family's pianist. Despite being normally quiet and introspective, he reveled in mimicry and \"voice ... |
56df7da25ca0a614008f9b31 | What did Bell research because of his mom's deafness? | acoustics | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nFrom his early years, Bell showed a sensitive nature and a talent for art, poetry, and music that was encouraged by his mother. With no formal training, he mastered the piano and became the family's pianist. Despite being normally quiet and introspective, he reveled in mimicry and \"voice ... |
56df7e4f5ca0a614008f9b37 | Where did Bell's uncle live? | Dublin | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis family was long associated with the teaching of elocution: his grandfather, Alexander Bell, in London, his uncle in Dublin, and his father, in Edinburgh, were all elocutionists. His father published a variety of works on the subject, several of which are still well known, especially hi... |
56df7e4f5ca0a614008f9b38 | What was Bell's father most famous for publishing? | The Standard Elocutionist | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis family was long associated with the teaching of elocution: his grandfather, Alexander Bell, in London, his uncle in Dublin, and his father, in Edinburgh, were all elocutionists. His father published a variety of works on the subject, several of which are still well known, especially hi... |
56df7e4f5ca0a614008f9b3a | Bell learned to accurately read lips even without knowing what? | pronunciation | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis family was long associated with the teaching of elocution: his grandfather, Alexander Bell, in London, his uncle in Dublin, and his father, in Edinburgh, were all elocutionists. His father published a variety of works on the subject, several of which are still well known, especially hi... |
56df7e4f5ca0a614008f9b3b | The Standard Elocutionist was printed how many times? | 168 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis family was long associated with the teaching of elocution: his grandfather, Alexander Bell, in London, his uncle in Dublin, and his father, in Edinburgh, were all elocutionists. His father published a variety of works on the subject, several of which are still well known, especially hi... |
56df7edb5ca0a614008f9b4b | Who taught Bell when he was very young? | father | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, ma... |
56df7edb5ca0a614008f9b4c | What school did Bell leave at 15? | Royal High School | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, ma... |
56df7edb5ca0a614008f9b4e | What was Bell's favorite subject? | biology | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, ma... |
56df7edb5ca0a614008f9b4f | How old was Bell when he became a "pupil-teacher"? | 16 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAs a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, ma... |
56df7f5a56340a1900b29c4a | In what year did Bell's father take him to see an automaton? | 1863 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis father encouraged Bell's interest in speech and, in 1863, took his sons to see a unique automaton, developed by Sir Charles Wheatstone based on the earlier work of Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen. The rudimentary \"mechanical man\" simulated a human voice. Bell was fascinated by the machin... |
56df7f5a56340a1900b29c4b | Who created the automaton Bell saw? | Sir Charles Wheatstone | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis father encouraged Bell's interest in speech and, in 1863, took his sons to see a unique automaton, developed by Sir Charles Wheatstone based on the earlier work of Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen. The rudimentary \"mechanical man\" simulated a human voice. Bell was fascinated by the machin... |
56df7f5a56340a1900b29c4c | What did the automaton mimic? | human voice | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis father encouraged Bell's interest in speech and, in 1863, took his sons to see a unique automaton, developed by Sir Charles Wheatstone based on the earlier work of Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen. The rudimentary \"mechanical man\" simulated a human voice. Bell was fascinated by the machin... |
56df7f5a56340a1900b29c4d | Bell built his own automaton with who? | Melville | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis father encouraged Bell's interest in speech and, in 1863, took his sons to see a unique automaton, developed by Sir Charles Wheatstone based on the earlier work of Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen. The rudimentary \"mechanical man\" simulated a human voice. Bell was fascinated by the machin... |
56df7f5a56340a1900b29c4e | What part of the automaton did Bell create? | skull | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nHis father encouraged Bell's interest in speech and, in 1863, took his sons to see a unique automaton, developed by Sir Charles Wheatstone based on the earlier work of Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen. The rudimentary \"mechanical man\" simulated a human voice. Bell was fascinated by the machin... |
56df7fea56340a1900b29c58 | What living thing did Bell use in his research? | Skye Terrier | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nIntrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, \"Trouve\". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding \"Ow ah oo... |
56df7fea56340a1900b29c59 | What was Bell's pet's name? | Trouve | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nIntrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, \"Trouve\". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding \"Ow ah oo... |
56df7fea56340a1900b29c5a | What phrase did people believe Bell's dog could say? | How are you grandma? | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nIntrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, \"Trouve\". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding \"Ow ah oo... |
56df7fea56340a1900b29c5b | Bell investigated resonance using what? | tuning forks | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nIntrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, \"Trouve\". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding \"Ow ah oo... |
56df7fea56340a1900b29c5c | What did Bell instruct his dog to do? | growl continuously | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nIntrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, \"Trouve\". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding \"Ow ah oo... |
56df80625ca0a614008f9b81 | Who did Bell get to read his work? | Alexander Ellis | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAt the age of 19, he wrote a report on his work and sent it to philologist Alexander Ellis, a colleague of his father (who would later be portrayed as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion). Ellis immediately wrote back indicating that the experiments were similar to existing work in German... |
56df80625ca0a614008f9b82 | What country was doing work similar to Bell's? | Germany | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAt the age of 19, he wrote a report on his work and sent it to philologist Alexander Ellis, a colleague of his father (who would later be portrayed as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion). Ellis immediately wrote back indicating that the experiments were similar to existing work in German... |
56df80625ca0a614008f9b83 | Who wrote The Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music? | Hermann von Helmholtz | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAt the age of 19, he wrote a report on his work and sent it to philologist Alexander Ellis, a colleague of his father (who would later be portrayed as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion). Ellis immediately wrote back indicating that the experiments were similar to existing work in German... |
56df80625ca0a614008f9b84 | How old was Bell when he wrote his paper? | 19 | [
"Alexander_Graham_Bell\n\nAt the age of 19, he wrote a report on his work and sent it to philologist Alexander Ellis, a colleague of his father (who would later be portrayed as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion). Ellis immediately wrote back indicating that the experiments were similar to existing work in German... |
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