title stringlengths 24 151 | question stringlengths 12 528 | answer stringlengths 33 9.55k | url stringlengths 61 126 |
|---|---|---|---|
linux - How to resume interrupted download automatically in curl? | I'm working with curl in Linux. I'm downloading a part of a file in ftp server (using the -r option), but my connection is not good, it always interrupts. I want to write a script which resume download when I'm connected again. |
curl -L -O your_url
This will download the file.
Now let's say your connection is interrupted;
curl -L -O -C - your_url
This will continue downloading from the last byte downloaded
From the manpage:
Use "-C -" to tell curl to automatically find out where/how to resume the transfer. It then uses the given output/inp... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/19728930/how-to-resume-interrupted-download-automatically-in-curl |
c++ - How to Add Linux Executable Files to .gitignore? | How do you add Linux executable files to .gitignore without giving them an explicit extension and without placing them in a specific or /bin directory? Most are named the same as the C file from which they were compiled without the .c extension. |
Can you ignore all, but source code files?
For example:
*
!*.c
!Makefile
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/8237645/how-to-add-linux-executable-files-to-gitignore |
linux - List of Java processes | How can I list all Java processes in bash?
I need an command line. I know there is command ps but I don't know what parameters I need to use. |
try:
ps aux | grep java
and see how you get on
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/6283167/list-of-java-processes |
linux - "Couldn't find a file descriptor referring to the console" on Ubuntu bash on Windows | I have a problem with Bash on Ubuntu on Windows. If I type "open (filename)" on Mac terminal, it opens the file with the right program but if I try to use it on Windows bash, it says: "Couldn't find a file descriptor referring to the console". |
Instead of open u can use xdg-open which does the same thing, independently of application i.e. pdf, image, etc. It will open a new virtual terminal (I have tried this on Linux)
Example:
xdg-open ~/Pictures/Wallpapers/myPic.jpg
xdg-open ~/Docs/holidays.pdf
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/42463929/couldnt-find-a-file-descriptor-referring-to-the-console-on-ubuntu-bash-on-win |
How do I find all the files that were created today in Unix/Linux? | How do I find all the files that were create only today and not in 24 hour period in unix/linux |
On my Fedora 10 system, with findutils-4.4.0-1.fc10.i386:
find <path> -daystart -ctime 0 -print
The -daystart flag tells it to calculate from the start of today instead of from 24 hours ago.
Note however that this will actually list files created or modified in the last day. find has no options that look at the true... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/801095/how-do-i-find-all-the-files-that-were-created-today-in-unix-linux |
linux - Using iconv to convert from UTF-16LE to UTF-8 | Hi I am trying to convert some log files from a Microsoft SQL server, but the files are encoded using UTf-16LE and iconv does not seem to be able to convert them. |
I forgot the -o switch!
The final command is :
iconv -f UTF-16LE -t UTF-8 <filename> -o <new-filename>
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/17287713/using-iconv-to-convert-from-utf-16le-to-utf-8 |
tcp - Simulate delayed and dropped packets on Linux | I would like to simulate packet delay and loss for UDP and TCP on Linux to measure the performance of an application. Is there a simple way to do this? |
netem leverages functionality already built into Linux and userspace utilities to simulate networks. This is actually what Mark's answer refers to, by a different name.
The examples on their homepage already show how you can achieve what you've asked for:
Examples
Emulating wide area network delays
This is the simpl... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/614795/simulate-delayed-and-dropped-packets-on-linux |
linux - How to get terminal's Character Encoding | Now I change my gnome-terminal's character encoding to "GBK" (default it is UTF-8), but how can I get the value(character encoding) in my Linux? |
The terminal uses environment variables to determine which character set to use, therefore you can determine it by looking at those variables:
echo $LC_CTYPE
or
echo $LANG
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/5306153/how-to-get-terminals-character-encoding |
linux - Docker not running on Ubuntu WSL due to error cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running? | This question does not appear to be about a specific programming problem, a software algorithm, or software tools primarily used by programmers. If you believe the question would be on-topic on another Stack Exchange site, you can leave a comment to explain where the question may be able to be answered. |
Using WSL2
You simply have to activate and use WSL2, I have to install Ubuntu 20.04 as the 18.04 wasn't connecting with Docker desktop. In the windows shell:
To check the WSL mode, run
wsl -l -v
To upgrade your existing Linux distro to v2, run:
wsl --set-version (distro name) 2
WSL Integration will be enabled on your ... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/61592709/docker-not-running-on-ubuntu-wsl-due-to-error-cannot-connect-to-the-docker-daemo |
linux - docker networking namespace not visible in ip netns list | When I create a new docker container like with |
That's because docker is not creating the reqired symlink:
# (as root)
pid=$(docker inspect -f '{{.State.Pid}}' ${container_id})
mkdir -p /var/run/netns/
ln -sfT /proc/$pid/ns/net /var/run/netns/$container_id
Then, the container's netns namespace can be examined with ip netns ${container_id}, e.g.:
# e.g. show stats ... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/31265993/docker-networking-namespace-not-visible-in-ip-netns-list |
linux - Split one file into multiple files based on delimiter | I have one file with -| as delimiter after each section...need to create separate files for each section using unix. |
A one liner, no programming. (except the regexp etc.)
csplit --digits=2 --quiet --prefix=outfile infile "/-|/+1" "{*}"
tested on:
csplit (GNU coreutils) 8.30
Notes about usage on Apple Mac
"For OS X users, note that the version of csplit that comes with the OS doesn't work. You'll want the version in coreutils (ins... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/11313852/split-one-file-into-multiple-files-based-on-delimiter |
linux - EC2 ssh Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic) | I got this permission denied problem when I want to ssh to my ec2 host. I tried existing solution chmod 600 "My.pem" but still didn't work. Here is my debug information: |
I resolved this issue in my centos machine by using command:
ssh -i <Your.pem> ec2-user@<YourServerIP>
It was about userName which was ec2-user in my case.
Referenced From: AMAZONTroubleshooting
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/33991816/ec2-ssh-permission-denied-publickey-gssapi-keyex-gssapi-with-mic |
c - How to solve "ptrace operation not permitted" when trying to attach GDB to a process? | I'm trying to attach a program with gdb but it returns: |
If you are using Docker, you will probably need these options:
docker run --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE --security-opt seccomp=unconfined
If you are using Podman, you will probably need its --cap-add option too:
podman run --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/19215177/how-to-solve-ptrace-operation-not-permitted-when-trying-to-attach-gdb-to-a-pro |
linux - How to shutdown a Spring Boot Application in a correct way? | In the Spring Boot Document, they said that 'Each SpringApplication will register a shutdown hook with the JVM to ensure that the ApplicationContext is closed gracefully on exit.' |
If you are using the actuator module, you can shutdown the application via JMX or HTTP if the endpoint is enabled.
add to application.properties:
Spring Boot 2.0 and newer:
management.endpoints.shutdown.enabled=true
Following URL will be available:
/actuator/shutdown - Allows the application to be gracefully shutdo... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/26547532/how-to-shutdown-a-spring-boot-application-in-a-correct-way |
linux - Docker not running on Ubuntu WSL due to error cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running? | This question does not appear to be about a specific programming problem, a software algorithm, or software tools primarily used by programmers. If you believe the question would be on-topic on another Stack Exchange site, you can leave a comment to explain where the question may be able to be answered. |
Using WSL2
You simply have to activate and use WSL2, I have to install Ubuntu 20.04 as the 18.04 wasn't connecting with Docker desktop. In the windows shell:
To check the WSL mode, run
wsl -l -v
To upgrade your existing Linux distro to v2, run:
wsl --set-version (distro name) 2
WSL Integration will be enabled on your ... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/61592709/docker-not-running-on-ubuntu-wsl-due-to-error-cannot-connect-to-the-docker-daemo |
linux - Fast Concatenation of Multiple GZip Files | I have list of gzip files: |
With gzip files, you can simply concatenate the files together, like so:
cat file1.gz file2.gz file3.gz > allfiles.gz
Per the gzip RFC,
A gzip file consists of a series of "members" (compressed data sets). [...] The members simply appear one after another in the file, with no additional information before, between,... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/8005114/fast-concatenation-of-multiple-gzip-files |
linux - How to remove non UTF-8 characters from text file | I have a bunch of Arabic, English, Russian files which are encoded in utf-8. Trying to process these files using a Perl script, I get this error: |
This command:
iconv -f utf-8 -t utf-8 -c file.txt
will clean up your UTF-8 file, skipping all the invalid characters.
-f is the source format
-t the target format
-c skips any invalid sequence
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/12999651/how-to-remove-non-utf-8-characters-from-text-file |
Kill python interpeter in linux from the terminal | I want to kill python interpeter - The intention is that all the python files that are running in this moment will stop (without any informantion about this files).
obviously the processes should be closed. |
pkill -9 python
should kill any running python process.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/18428750/kill-python-interpeter-in-linux-from-the-terminal |
linux - how to detect invalid utf8 unicode/binary in a text file | I need to detect corrupted text file where there are invalid (non-ASCII) utf-8, Unicode or binary characters. |
Assuming you have your locale set to UTF-8 (see locale output), this works well to recognize invalid UTF-8 sequences:
grep -axv '.*' file.txt
Explanation (from grep man page):
-a, --text: treats file as text, essential prevents grep to abort once finding an invalid byte sequence (not being utf8)
-v, --invert-match: ... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/29465612/how-to-detect-invalid-utf8-unicode-binary-in-a-text-file |
Pip is not working for Python 3.10 on Ubuntu | I am new to using Ubuntu and Linux in general. I just attempted to update Python by using sudo apt-get install python3.10. When I run python3.10 -m pip install <library name> I always receive the following error: |
This is likely caused by a too old system pip version.
Install the latest with:
curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10
and test result
python3.10 -m pip --version
e.g.
pip 22.2.2 from <home>/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip (python 3.10)
and then test upgrade
python3.10 -m pip install --up... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/69503329/pip-is-not-working-for-python-3-10-on-ubuntu |
linux - shell-init: error retrieving current directory: getcwd -- The usual fixes do not wor | I have a simple script: |
I believe the error is not related to the script at all. The issue is: the directory at which you are when you try to run the script does not exist anymore. for example you have two terminals, cd somedir/ at the first one then mv somedir/ somewhere_else/ at the second one, then try to run whatsoever in the first termi... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/29396928/shell-init-error-retrieving-current-directory-getcwd-the-usual-fixes-do-not |
linux - How do I uninstall a program installed with the Appimage Launcher? | This question does not appear to be about a specific programming problem, a software algorithm, or software tools primarily used by programmers. If you believe the question would be on-topic on another Stack Exchange site, you can leave a comment to explain where the question may be able to be answered. |
Since an AppImage is not "installed", you don't need to "uninstall" it. Just delete the AppImage file and the application is gone. Additionally you may want to remove menu entry by deleting the desktop file from $HOME/.local/share/applications/.
Files and directories with names starting with a full stop (dot) (.examp... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/43680226/how-do-i-uninstall-a-program-installed-with-the-appimage-launcher |
linux - How do I fix the Rust error "linker 'cc' not found" for Debian on Windows 10? | I'm running Debian on Windows 10 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) and installed Rust using the command: |
The Linux Rust installer doesn't check for a compiler toolchain, but seems to assume that you've already got a C linker installed! The best solution is to install the tried-and-true gcc toolchain.
sudo apt install build-essential
If you need to target another architecture, install the appropriate toolchain and targe... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/52445961/how-do-i-fix-the-rust-error-linker-cc-not-found-for-debian-on-windows-10 |
linux - How to run vi on docker container? | I have installed docker on my host virtual machine. And now want to create a file using vi. |
login into container with the following command:
docker exec -it <container> bash
Then , run the following command .
apt-get update
apt-get install vim
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/31515863/how-to-run-vi-on-docker-container |
linux - EC2 ssh Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic) | I got this permission denied problem when I want to ssh to my ec2 host. I tried existing solution chmod 600 "My.pem" but still didn't work. Here is my debug information: |
I resolved this issue in my centos machine by using command:
ssh -i <Your.pem> ec2-user@<YourServerIP>
It was about userName which was ec2-user in my case.
Referenced From: AMAZONTroubleshooting
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/33991816/ec2-ssh-permission-denied-publickey-gssapi-keyex-gssapi-with-mic |
linux - what does "bash:no job control in this shell” mean? | I think it's related to the parent process creating new subprocess and does not have tty. Can anyone explain the detail under the hood? i.e. the related working model of bash, process creation, etc? |
You may need to enable job control:
#! /bin/bash
set -m
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/11821378/what-does-bashno-job-control-in-this-shell-mean |
c - What are the differences between (and reasons to choose) tcmalloc/jemalloc and memory pools? | tcmalloc/jemalloc are improved memory allocators, and memory pool is also introduced for better memory allocation. So what are the differences between them and how to choose them in my application? |
It depends upon requirement of your program. If your program has more dynamic memory allocations, then you
need to choose a memory allocator, from available allocators, which would generate most optimal performance
out of your program.
For good memory management you need to meet the following requirements at minimum... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/9866145/what-are-the-differences-between-and-reasons-to-choose-tcmalloc-jemalloc-and-m |
python - docker.errors.DockerException: Error while fetching server API version | I want to install this module but there is something wrong when I try the step docker-compose build ... |
Are you sure docker is running on your system? You can get that error when compose is not able to connect to docker via docker socket (if any other way for connection is not defined).
If you are running on linux, usually you can run systemctl status docker to check if docker daemon is running and systemctl start docke... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/64952238/docker-errors-dockerexception-error-while-fetching-server-api-version |
math - How do I divide in the Linux console? | I have to variables and I want to find the value of one divided by the other. What commands should I use to do this? |
In the bash shell, surround arithmetic expressions with $(( ... ))
$ echo $(( 7 / 3 ))
2
Although I think you are limited to integers.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/1088098/how-do-i-divide-in-the-linux-console |
c++ - How do you find what version of libstdc++ library is installed on your linux machine? | I found the following command: strings /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBC from here. It seems to work but this is an ad-hoc/heuristic method. |
To find which library is being used you could run
$ /sbin/ldconfig -p | grep stdc++
libstdc++.so.6 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6
The list of compatible versions for libstdc++ version 3.4.0 and above is provided by
$ strings /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 | grep LIBCXX
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
.... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/10354636/how-do-you-find-what-version-of-libstdc-library-is-installed-on-your-linux-mac |
logging - View a log file in Linux dynamically | This question does not appear to be about a specific programming problem, a software algorithm, or software tools primarily used by programmers. If you believe the question would be on-topic on another Stack Exchange site, you can leave a comment to explain where the question may be able to be answered. |
tail -f yourlog.csv
Newly appended lines will continuously show.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/2099149/view-a-log-file-in-linux-dynamically |
How can I identify the request queue for a linux block device | I am working on this driver that connects the hard disk over the network. There is a bug that if I enable two or more hard disks on the computer, only the first one gets the partitions looked over and identified. The result is, if I have 1 partition on hda and 1 partitions on hdb, as soon as I connect hda there is a pa... |
Queue = blk_init_queue(sbd_request, &Device.lock);
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/6785651/how-can-i-identify-the-request-queue-for-a-linux-block-device |
linux - Is Mac OS X a POSIX OS? | What is it that makes an OS a POSIX system? All versions of Linux are POSIX, right? What about Mac OS X? |
Is Mac OS X a POSIX OS?
Yes.
POSIX is a group of standards that determine a portable API for Unix-like operating systems. Mac OS X is Unix-based (and has been certified as such), and in accordance with this is POSIX compliant. POSIX guarantees that certain system calls will be available.
Essentially, Mac satisfies t... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/5785516/is-mac-os-x-a-posix-os |
linux - How to perform grep operation on all files in a directory? | Working with xenserver, and I want to perform a command on each file that is in a directory, grepping some stuff out of the output of the command and appending it in a file. |
In Linux, I normally use this command to recursively grep for a particular text within a directory:
grep -rni "string" *
where
r = recursive i.e, search subdirectories within the current directory
n = to print the line numbers to stdout
i = case insensitive search
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/15286947/how-to-perform-grep-operation-on-all-files-in-a-directory |
linux - 64 bit ntohl() in C++? | The man pages for htonl() seem to suggest that you can only use it for up to 32 bit values. (In reality, ntohl() is defined for unsigned long, which on my platform is 32 bits. I suppose if the unsigned long were 8 bytes, it would work for 64 bit ints). |
Documentation: man htobe64 on Linux (glibc >= 2.9) or FreeBSD.
Unfortunately OpenBSD, FreeBSD and glibc (Linux) did not quite work together smoothly to create one (non-kernel-API) libc standard for this, during an attempt in 2009.
Currently, this short bit of preprocessor code:
#if defined(__linux__)
# include <endia... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/809902/64-bit-ntohl-in-c |
c++ - Easily measure elapsed time | I am trying to use time() to measure various points of my program. |
//***C++11 Style:***
#include <chrono>
std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point begin = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
std::cout << "Time difference = " << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(end - begin).count() << "[µs]... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/2808398/easily-measure-elapsed-time |
Randomly shuffling lines in Linux / Bash | I have some files in linux. For example 2 and i need shuffling the files in one file. |
You should use shuf command =)
cat file1 file2 | shuf
Or with Perl :
cat file1 file2 | perl -MList::Util=shuffle -wne 'print shuffle <>;'
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/17578873/randomly-shuffling-lines-in-linux-bash |
linux - How to convert Windows end of line in Unix end of line (CR/LF to LF) | I'm a Java developer and I'm using Ubuntu to develop. The project was created in Windows with Eclipse and it's using the Windows-1252 encoding. |
There should be a program called dos2unix that will fix line endings for you. If it's not already on your Linux box, it should be available via the package manager.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/3891076/how-to-convert-windows-end-of-line-in-unix-end-of-line-cr-lf-to-lf |
linux - Get Docker Container Names | This command gives me a list of running container IDs: |
docker ps --format "{{.Names}}"
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/31887258/get-docker-container-names |
linux - shell init issue when click tab, what's wrong with getcwd? | once i click Tab on bash, the error message will appear, what's wrong? |
This usually occurs when your current directory does not exist anymore. Most likely, from another terminal you remove that directory (from within a script or whatever). To get rid of this, in case your current directory was recreated in the meantime, just cd to another (existing) directory and then cd back; the simple... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/12338233/shell-init-issue-when-click-tab-whats-wrong-with-getcwd |
linux - C: Run a System Command and Get Output? | I want to run a command in linux and get the text returned of what it outputs, but I do not want this text printed to screen. Is there a more elegant way than making a temporary file? |
You want the "popen" function. Here's an example of running the command "ls /etc" and outputing to the console.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
FILE *fp;
char path[1035];
/* Open the command for reading. */
fp = popen("/bin/ls /etc/", "r");
if (fp == NULL) {
... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/646241/c-run-a-system-command-and-get-output |
centos - How do I download a file from the internet to my linux server with Bash | Want to improve this question? Update the question so it's on-topic for Stack Overflow. |
Using wget
wget -O /tmp/myfile 'http://www.google.com/logo.jpg'
or curl:
curl -o /tmp/myfile 'http://www.google.com/logo.jpg'
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/14300794/how-do-i-download-a-file-from-the-internet-to-my-linux-server-with-bash |
node.js - How can I update NodeJS and NPM to their latest versions? | I installed NPM for access to additional Node.js Modules. |
Use:
npm update -g npm
See the docs for the update command:
npm update [-g] [<pkg>...]
This command will update all the packages listed to the latest version (specified by the tag config), respecting semver.
Additionally, see the documentation on Node.js and NPM installation and Upgrading NPM.
The following origina... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/6237295/how-can-i-update-nodejs-and-npm-to-their-latest-versions |
Pip is not working for Python 3.10 on Ubuntu | I am new to using Ubuntu and Linux in general. I just attempted to update Python by using sudo apt-get install python3.10. When I run python3.10 -m pip install <library name> I always receive the following error: |
This is likely caused by a too old system pip version.
Install the latest with:
curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10
and test result
python3.10 -m pip --version
e.g.
pip 22.2.2 from <home>/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip (python 3.10)
and then test upgrade
python3.10 -m pip install --up... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/69503329/pip-is-not-working-for-python-3-10-on-ubuntu |
linux - Skipping acquire of configured file 'main/binary-i386/Packages' | Good afternoon, please tell me what I'm doing wrong. I just installed the Linux Ubuntu on my computer and still don’t understand anything about it. I tried to install PostreSQL and pgAdmin. I installed on this video tutorial https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vdzb7JTPnGk I get this error. |
You must change the line of /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list to
deb [arch=amd64] http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ focal-pgdg main
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/61523447/skipping-acquire-of-configured-file-main-binary-i386-packages |
linux - docker networking namespace not visible in ip netns list | When I create a new docker container like with |
That's because docker is not creating the reqired symlink:
# (as root)
pid=$(docker inspect -f '{{.State.Pid}}' ${container_id})
mkdir -p /var/run/netns/
ln -sfT /proc/$pid/ns/net /var/run/netns/$container_id
Then, the container's netns namespace can be examined with ip netns ${container_id}, e.g.:
# e.g. show stats ... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/31265993/docker-networking-namespace-not-visible-in-ip-netns-list |
c - How to make a daemon process | I am trying to understand how can I make my program a daemon. So some things which I came across are in general, a program performs the following steps to become a daemon: |
If you are looking for a clean approach please consider using standard api- int daemon(int nochdir, int noclose);. Man page pretty simple and self explanatory. man page. A well tested api far outweigh our own implementation interms of portability and stability.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/5384168/how-to-make-a-daemon-process |
environment variables - How does /usr/bin/env work in a Linux shebang line? | I know shebang line like this: |
env is the name of a Unix program. If you read the manual (man env) you can see that one way to use it is env COMMAND, where in your case, COMMAND is python3.
According to the manual, this will
Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.
Running env alone will show you what NAMEs and VALUEs are set:
$... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/43793040/how-does-usr-bin-env-work-in-a-linux-shebang-line |
c - unix domain socket VS named pipes? | After looking at a unix named socket and i thought they were named pipes. I looked at name pipes and didnt see much of a difference. I saw they were initialized differently but thats the only thing i notice. Both use the C write/read function and work alike AFAIK. |
UNIX-domain sockets are generally more flexible than named pipes. Some of their advantages are:
You can use them for more than two processes communicating (eg. a server process with potentially multiple client processes connecting);
They are bidirectional;
They support passing kernel-verified UID / GID credentials b... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/9475442/unix-domain-socket-vs-named-pipes |
linux - sudo: docker-compose: command not found | I am trying to run docker-compose using sudo. |
On Ubuntu 16.04
Here's how I fixed this issue: Refer Docker Compose documentation
sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
After you do the curl command , it'll put dock... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/38775954/sudo-docker-compose-command-not-found |
linux - Automatically enter SSH password with script | I need to create a script that automatically inputs a password to OpenSSH ssh client. |
First you need to install sshpass.
Ubuntu/Debian: apt-get install sshpass
Fedora/CentOS: yum install sshpass
Arch: pacman -S sshpass
Example:
sshpass -p "YOUR_PASSWORD" ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no YOUR_USERNAME@SOME_SITE.COM
Custom port example:
sshpass -p "YOUR_PASSWORD" ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no YOUR... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/12202587/automatically-enter-ssh-password-with-script |
linux - How do I find out what inotify watches have been registered? | I have my inotify watch limit set to 1024 (I think the default is 128?). Despite that, yeoman, Guard and Dropbox constantly fail, and tell me to up my inotify limit. Before doing so, I'd like to know what's consuming all my watches (I have very few files in my Dropbox). |
Oct 31 2022 update
While my script below works fine as it is, Michael Sartain implemented a native executable that is much faster, along with additional functionality not present in my script (below). Worth checking out if you can spend a few seconds compiling it! I have also added contributed some PRs to align the f... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/13758877/how-do-i-find-out-what-inotify-watches-have-been-registered |
linux - fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable | Want to improve this question? Update the question so it's on-topic for Stack Overflow. |
This is commonly caused by running out of file descriptors.
There is the systems total file descriptor limit, what do you get from the command:
sysctl fs.file-nr
This returns counts of file descriptors:
<in_use> <unused_but_allocated> <maximum>
To find out what a users file descriptor limit is run the commands:
sud... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/12079087/fork-retry-resource-temporarily-unavailable |
linux - Split files using tar, gz, zip, or bzip2 | Want to improve this question? Update the question so it's on-topic for Stack Overflow. |
You can use the split command with the -b option:
split -b 1024m file.tar.gz
It can be reassembled on a Windows machine using @Joshua's answer.
copy /b file1 + file2 + file3 + file4 filetogether
Edit: As @Charlie stated in the comment below, you might want to set a prefix explicitly because it will use x otherwise,... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/1120095/split-files-using-tar-gz-zip-or-bzip2 |
c++ - How to fix: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.15' not found | So I'm now desperate in finding a fix for this. I'm compiling a shared library .so in Ubuntu 32 bit (Have tried doing it under Debian and Ubuntu 64 bit, but none worked either) |
Link statically to libstdc++ with -static-libstdc++ gcc option.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/19386651/how-to-fix-usr-lib-libstdc-so-6-version-glibcxx-3-4-15-not-found |
shell - Fast Linux file count for a large number of files | I'm trying to figure out the best way to find the number of files in a particular directory when there are a very large number of files (more than 100,000). |
By default ls sorts the names, which can take a while if there are a lot of them. Also there will be no output until all of the names are read and sorted. Use the ls -f option to turn off sorting.
ls -f | wc -l
Note: This will also enable -a, so ., .., and other files starting with . will be counted.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/1427032/fast-linux-file-count-for-a-large-number-of-files |
Why is creating a new process more expensive on Windows than Linux? | I've heard that creating a new process on a Windows box is more expensive than on Linux. Is this true? Can somebody explain the technical reasons for why it's more expensive and provide any historical reasons for the design decisions behind those reasons? |
mweerden: NT has been designed for multi-user from day one, so this is not really a reason. However, you are right about that process creation plays a less important role on NT than on Unix as NT, in contrast to Unix, favors multithreading over multiprocessing.
Rob, it is true that fork is relatively cheap when COW is... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/47845/why-is-creating-a-new-process-more-expensive-on-windows-than-linux |
linux - "Couldn't find a file descriptor referring to the console" on Ubuntu bash on Windows | I have a problem with Bash on Ubuntu on Windows. If I type "open (filename)" on Mac terminal, it opens the file with the right program but if I try to use it on Windows bash, it says: "Couldn't find a file descriptor referring to the console". |
Instead of open u can use xdg-open which does the same thing, independently of application i.e. pdf, image, etc. It will open a new virtual terminal (I have tried this on Linux)
Example:
xdg-open ~/Pictures/Wallpapers/myPic.jpg
xdg-open ~/Docs/holidays.pdf
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/42463929/couldnt-find-a-file-descriptor-referring-to-the-console-on-ubuntu-bash-on-win |
c++ - How can I get the IP address of a (Linux) machine? | This Question is almost the same as the previously asked How can I get the IP Address of a local computer? -Question. However I need to find the IP address(es) of a Linux Machine. |
I found the ioctl solution problematic on os x (which is POSIX compliant so should be similiar to linux). However getifaddress() will let you do the same thing easily, it works fine for me on os x 10.5 and should be the same below.
I've done a quick example below which will print all of the machine's IPv4 address, (yo... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/212528/how-can-i-get-the-ip-address-of-a-linux-machine |
linux - Explain the effects of export LANG, LC_CTYPE, and LC_ALL | This question does not appear to be about a specific programming problem, a software algorithm, or software tools primarily used by programmers. If you believe the question would be on-topic on another Stack Exchange site, you can leave a comment to explain where the question may be able to be answered. |
I'll explain with detail:
export LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8
That is a shell command that will export an environment variable named LANG with the given value ru_RU.UTF-8. That instructs internationalized programs to use the Russian language (ru), variant from Russia (RU), and the UTF-8 encoding for console output.
Generally thi... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/30479607/explain-the-effects-of-export-lang-lc-ctype-and-lc-all |
networking - Increasing the maximum number of TCP/IP connections in Linux | I am programming a server and it seems like my number of connections is being limited since my bandwidth isn't being saturated even when I've set the number of connections to "unlimited". |
Maximum number of connections are impacted by certain limits on both client & server sides, albeit a little differently.
On the client side:
Increase the ephermal port range, and decrease the tcp_fin_timeout
To find out the default values:
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout
The epherm... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/410616/increasing-the-maximum-number-of-tcp-ip-connections-in-linux |
How to get the current time in milliseconds from C in Linux? | How do I get the current time on Linux in milliseconds? |
This can be achieved using the POSIX clock_gettime function.
In the current version of POSIX, gettimeofday is marked obsolete. This means it may be removed from a future version of the specification. Application writers are encouraged to use the clock_gettime function instead of gettimeofday.
Here is an example of how... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/3756323/how-to-get-the-current-time-in-milliseconds-from-c-in-linux |
linux - sed command with -i option (in-place editing) works fine on Ubuntu but not Mac | I know nothing about Sed but need this command (which works fine on Ubuntu) to work on a Mac OSX: |
Ubuntu ships with GNU sed, where the suffix for the -i option is optional. OS X ships with BSD sed, where the suffix is mandatory. Try sed -i ''
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/16745988/sed-command-with-i-option-in-place-editing-works-fine-on-ubuntu-but-not-mac |
c - How to make a daemon process | I am trying to understand how can I make my program a daemon. So some things which I came across are in general, a program performs the following steps to become a daemon: |
If you are looking for a clean approach please consider using standard api- int daemon(int nochdir, int noclose);. Man page pretty simple and self explanatory. man page. A well tested api far outweigh our own implementation interms of portability and stability.
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/5384168/how-to-make-a-daemon-process |
linux - How to update-alternatives to Python 3 without breaking apt? | The other day I decided that I wanted the command python to default to firing up python3 instead of python2. |
Per Debian policy, python refers to Python 2 and python3 refers to Python 3. Don't try to change this system-wide or you are in for the sort of trouble you already discovered.
Virtual environments allow you to run an isolated Python installation with whatever version of Python and whatever libraries you need without m... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/43062608/how-to-update-alternatives-to-python-3-without-breaking-apt |
Git status ignore line endings / identical files / windows & linux environment / dropbox / meld | How do I make |
Try setting core.autocrlf value like this :
git config --global core.autocrlf true
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/20496084/git-status-ignore-line-endings-identical-files-windows-linux-environment |
linux - Fast way to get image dimensions (not filesize) | I'm looking for a fast way to get the height and width of an image in pixels. It should handle at least JPG, PNG and TIFF, but the more the better. I emphasize fast because my images are quite big (up to 250 MB) and it takes soooo long to get the size with ImageMagick's identify because it obviously reads the images as... |
The file command prints the dimensions for several image formats (e.g. PNG, GIF, JPEG; recent versions also PPM, WEBP), and does only read the header.
The identify command (from ImageMagick) prints lots of image information for a wide variety of images. It seems to restrain itself to reading the header portion (see ... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/4670013/fast-way-to-get-image-dimensions-not-filesize |
linux - How to remove non UTF-8 characters from text file | I have a bunch of Arabic, English, Russian files which are encoded in utf-8. Trying to process these files using a Perl script, I get this error: |
This command:
iconv -f utf-8 -t utf-8 -c file.txt
will clean up your UTF-8 file, skipping all the invalid characters.
-f is the source format
-t the target format
-c skips any invalid sequence
| https://stackoverflow.com//questions/12999651/how-to-remove-non-utf-8-characters-from-text-file |
java - How do I run a spring boot executable jar in a Production environment? | Spring boot's preferred deployment method is via a executable jar file which contains tomcat inside. |
Please note that since Spring Boot 1.3.0.M1, you are able to build fully executable jars using Maven and Gradle.
For Maven, just include the following in your pom.xml:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<executable... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/22886083/how-do-i-run-a-spring-boot-executable-jar-in-a-production-environment |
linux - Freeing up a TCP/IP port? | This question does not appear to be about a specific programming problem, a software algorithm, or software tools primarily used by programmers. If you believe the question would be on-topic on another Stack Exchange site, you can leave a comment to explain where the question may be able to be answered. |
As the others have said, you'll have to kill all processes that are listening on that port. The easiest way to do that would be to use the fuser(1) command. For example, to see all of the processes listening for HTTP requests on port 80 (run as root or use sudo):
# fuser 80/tcp
If you want to kill them, then just a... | https://stackoverflow.com//questions/750604/freeing-up-a-tcp-ip-port |
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