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PID: 609
Path: /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app/Contents/MacOS/Finder
Function: IOService::newUserClient(task*, void*, unsigned int, OSDictionary*
, IOUserClient**)
--- Call Stack---
libsystem_kernel.dylib`mach_msg2_trap+0x8
IOKit`io_service_open_extended+0xb0
IOKit`IOServiceOpen+0x34
APFS`apfs_container_iouc+0x110
APFS`APFSExtendedSpaceInfo+0x94
DesktopServicesPriv`TAPFSContainer::Refresh(bool)+0xc8
DesktopServicesPriv`APFSUsedSpace(std::__1::vector<TString,
std::__1::allocator<TString>>, std::__1::shared_ptr<TAPFSContainer>,
TString const&)+0x54
DesktopServicesPriv`TFSVolumeInfo::RecalculateFreeSpaceAndCapacity(bool)
const+0x2b4
DesktopServicesPriv`TNode::RecalculateFreeSpaceAndCapacity(bool)+0x80
DesktopServicesPriv`TNode::SynchronizeChildren(NodeRequestOptions,
TNodeEventPtrs&)+0x1bc0
DesktopServicesPriv`TNode::HandleSync(NodeRequestOptions,
TNodeEventPtrs&)+0xd6c
DesktopServicesPriv`TNode::HandleSync(NodeRequestOptions)+0x2c
DesktopServicesPriv`TNode::HandleSync(std::__1::shared_ptr<TNodeTask>
const&, TNodePtr const&)+0xc4
DesktopServicesPriv`TNode::HandleNodeRequest(std::__1::shared_ptr<TNodeTask>
const&)+0x2d4
DesktopServicesPriv`ExceptionSafeBlock(void () block_pointer)+0x30
DesktopServicesPriv`invocation function for block in
TNodeTask::PostNodeTaskRequest(std::__1::shared_ptr<TNodeTask> const&,
std::__1::shared_ptr<TVolumeSyncThread> const&)+0xa8
libdispatch.dylib`_dispatch_call_block_and_release+0x20
libdispatch.dylib`_dispatch_client_callout+0x10
libdispatch.dylib`_dispatch_lane_serial_drain+0x2e4
libdispatch.dylib`_dispatch_lane_invoke+0x184
----------------------------------------
PID: 75884
Path: crims0n (process terminated before path lookup)
Function: IOService::newUserClient(task*, void*, unsigned int,
OSDictionary*, IOUserClient**)
--- Call Stack---
0x192b00c34
0x1969cbb80
0x1969cbab8
0x1025bdf4c
0x1025c0ac4
0x1025bd130
0x1927a2b98
----------------------------------------
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
The above DTrace is helpful, but the one below is a real game-changer for
Vulnerability Research. You will learn why on the first run ;)
Using the below, we can trace processes that use external methods - so, in
fact, that calls in user-space the IOConnectCallMethod.
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
sudo dtrace -n '
fbt::*getTargetAndMethodForIndex*:entry,
fbt::*externalMethod*:entry,
fbt::*ExternalMethod*:entry {
    printf("%s: PID=%d CMD=%s\n", probefunc, pid, execname);
}'
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
Example output:
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
1 362094
_ZN14AppleSMCClient26getTargetAndMethodForIndexEPP9IOServicej:entry
_ZN14AppleSMCClient26getTargetAndMethodForIndexEPP9IOServicej: PID=393
CMD=corebrightnessd
2 408402
_ZN16IOUserClient202222dispatchExternalMethodEjP31IOExternalMethodArgumentsO
paquePK28IOExternalMethodDispatch2022mP8OSObjectPv:entry
_ZN16IOUserClient202222dispatchExternalMethodEjP31IOExternalMethodArgumentsO
paquePK28IOExternalMethodDispatch2022mP8OSObjectPv: PID=14020 CMD=crims0n
2 268098
_ZN24H11ANEInDirectPathClient15_ANE_DeviceOpenEPS_PvP25IOExternalMethodArgum
ents:entry
_ZN24H11ANEInDirectPathClient15_ANE_DeviceOpenEPS_PvP25IOExternalMethodArgum
ents: PID=14020 CMD=crims0n
0 362094
_ZN14AppleSMCClient26getTargetAndMethodForIndexEPP9IOServicej:entry
_ZN14AppleSMCClient26getTargetAndMethodForIndexEPP9IOServicej: PID=804
CMD=System Monitor
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
As before, we can wrap it out in some parser and print better output. Here
is example from dtrace_IOConnectCallMethod.py[35]:
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
PID: 398
Path:
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/SkyLight.framework/Resources/WindowServer
-daemon
Function: IOUserClient::externalMethod(unsigned int,
IOExternalMethodArguments*, IOExternalMethodDispatch*, OSObject*, void*)
--- Call Stack---
libsystem_kernel.dylib`mach_msg2_trap+0x8
IOKit`io_connect_method+0x208
IOKit`IOConnectCallScalarMethod+0x50
IOMobileFramebuffer`kern_SwapWait+0x4c