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A quarter of all the operated primary kidney tumors were ≤ 4 cm. Smaller tumors were more likely to be benign and of lower stage. A cutoff size regarding biologic aggressiveness can be settled at the 3 cm size. The PN rate increased along the decade. Grade and subtype reporting rates remained suboptimal, although a pos... |
Preserving the coherence and wavefront of a diffraction limited x-ray beam from the source to the experiment poses stringent quality requirements on the production processes for X-ray optics. In the near future this will require on-line and in-situ at-wavelength metrology for both, free electron lasers and diffraction ... |
classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwis... |
Mask optimization has been a critical problem in the VLSI design flow due to the mismatch between the lithography system and the continuously shrinking feature sizes. Optical proximity correction (OPC) is one of the prevailing resolution enhancement techniques (RETs) that can significantly improve mask printability. Ho... |
The objective of this study was to: (1) determine the distribution of lubricin in the human torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscus; (2) determine the distribution of lubricin in the human intact ACL and meniscus; (3) and identify potential cellular sources of lubricin in these tissues. Ten torn ACLs and six... |
Many algorithms for data mining and machine learning can only process discrete attributes. In order to use these algorithms when some attributes are numeric, the numeric attributes must be discretized. Because of the prevalent of normal distribution, an approximate equal frequency discretization method based on normal ... |
1. Introduction A primary purpose of language is to permit individuals to communicate their perceptions and conceptions of the world. The linguistic system that underlies this communication must therefore be designed for fairly intricate interactions with the human perceptual and conceptual machinery. The study of sent... |
Excited random walks (ERWs) are a self-interacting non-Markovian random walk in which the future behavior of the walk is influenced by the number of times the walk has previously visited its current site. We study the speed of the walk, defined as $V = \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} \frac{X_n}{n}$ where $X_n$ is the state... |
Purpose: To analyze a number of immunohistochemical markers as predictors of the radiosensitivity of rectal adenocarcinoma. |
Material and methods: The study included 122 patients with histologically verified rectal adenocarcinoma, varying degrees of differentiation, and the stage of the tumor process I-IIIC, T2-T4b /N0-N2b/ M0, with the localization of the tumor in the lower-middle-ampullary parts of the rectum. Predictors included in the re... |
Results: A full course of preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery was performed at 121 patients, one patient died of concomitant cardiac pathology during the break. The first degree of Mandard pathomorphosis (complete resorption) registered at 12 patients. The second degree (preservation of a few tumor cells... |
Conclusion: Studied immunohistochemical predictors of radiosensitivity of rectal adenocarcinoma, allow to assess the degree of radiosensitivity or radioresistance of the tumor in each patient before the start of preoperative chemoradiotherapy by doing so, it warns us about the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of chemor... |
Introduction This study compared the differences in recorded speech variables between people treated with conventional ‘in person’ Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) and those treated remotely via iPad-based ‘Facetime’. Method Eight participants were selected for the iPad LSVT, and 21 similarly matched subjects were ... |
H I absorption has been reported in NGC 1068 and NGC 3810. The absorbing material in NGC 1068 has a low column density and is positioned in front of the compact nuclear source. Absorption in NGC 3810 occurs across a large fraction of the extended (4') radio source. Velocity offsets in NGC 3810 are due to disk rotation ... |
Thirteen temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of type I Streptococcus pneumoniae were selected after exposure of virulent wild-type (ts+) organisms to nitrosoguanidine. Each mutant resembled the ts+ parent in properties of alpha-hemolysis, bile solubility, optochin sensitivity, antibiotic sensitivity, and serotype. Unlik... |
The life of Paul Mascarene demonstrates the importance of religious diasporas in building the British imperial state. A Huguenot refugee who became a military officer in Nova Scotia, he attempted to make the empire a force for international Protestantism, even trying to settle some of his fellow Huguenots in the colony... |
We offer a new view on the two envelope problem (also called the exchange paradox). We describe it as a zero-sum game of two players, having only partial information. We first explain a standard situation and show that the mean gain—when defined—is really zero. However, there are even more paradoxical situations in whi... |
There are large measurement errors in Coriolis mass flowmeter (CMF) when it is used to measure gas-liquid two-phase flow without compensation. In particular, the flowtube of CMF may stall when using analog transmitters and CMF cannot operate normally because of the high damping caused by gas-liquid two-phase. To solve ... |
Renal pyruvate dehydrogenasea activity was measured in suspensions of kidney cortex tubules from fed rats after incubation with various concentrations of Ca2+, 3'5' cyclic AMP or adrenalin. At certain concentrations these agents all decreased pyruvate dehydrogenasea activity and increased glucose formation from pyruvat... |
We describe a technique for improving problemsolving performance by creating concepts that allow problem states to be evaluated through an efficient recognition process. A temporakdiflerence (TD) method is used to bootstrap a collection of useful concepts by backing up evaluations from recognized states to their predec... |
This reference describes recent advances and applications of capillary electrophoresis in the field of food science. The first two chapters are devoted to the fundamentals of capillary electrophoresis, and to the main sample preparation techniques used for food analysis using this miniaturized separation technique, res... |
The information provided in these chapters helps readers to understand and develop appropriate methods to carry out a deep characterization of food samples. Relevant concepts such as food authentication, chemical food safety or the control of the quality and safety of dietary supplements, and food metabolomics are also... |
Capillary Electrophoresis in Food Analysis is a key source of information for food chemists and analytical chemists in industry (quality control laboratories) and academia (research labs and training courses).Techniques for high-efficiency outphasing power amplifiers |
A trade-off between linearity and efficiency exists in conventional power amplifiers (PAs). The outphase amplifying concept overcomes this trade-off by enabling the use of high efficiency, non-linear power amplifiers for linear amplification. However, the efficiency improvement is limited by the efficiency of the outpu... |
Thrombopoietin (Tpo) is a cytokine that specifically regulates megakaryocyte maturation and platelet production. Little is known about the molecular and cellular mechanism of the Tpo-induced megakaryocyte maturation process including polyploidization and platelet release. To study Tpo-induced megakaryocyte differentiat... |
A retrospective study of hepatosplenic candidiasis in patients with acute leukemia from a single centre was performed. The significance of age, sex, type of leukemia, dose of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), duration of neutropenia, steroid use and period of therapeutic antibiotics in the development of hepatosplenic cand... |
The review is devoted to the analysis of experimental data on the selectivity of the interaction of nucleic acid with antisense oligonucleotides and their derivatives, which lead to the prospect of achieving a highly selective influence on many biochemical and molecular-genetic processes in living organisms. Theoretica... |
Hydraulic fracturing is the most commonly used stimulation method at present. The improvement effect and validity period mainly depend on the fracture conductivity. Carbo proppant is widely used worldwide for its excellent performance in increasing the conductivity of fracture support. The proppant used in the fractur... |
The melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MC1-R) is a central regulator of mammalian coat colour, encoded by the extension locus. In cattle, the dominant extension allele E(D) is associated with the production of black pigment in coloured areas. Genotyping of the MC1-R gene in a bull with mosaic expression of red vs... |
Tamoxifen, a synthetic antiestrogen widely used for the treatment of breast cancer, is also being proposed for the prevention of this cancer among women at high risk for the disease. Such an approach requires an objective and accurate evaluation, not only of the expected beneficial effects, but also of the potential ia... |
We report a new type of single-electron transistor (SET) comprising two highly resistive Cr thin-film strips (∼ 1 µm long) connecting a 1 µm-long Al island to two Al outer electrodes. These resistors replace small-area oxide tunnel junctions of traditional SETs. Our transistor with a total asymptotic resistance of 110 ... |
This paper focuses on targeted advertising for vehicular users, where users receive advertisements (ads) from roadside units and the vehicle onboard system displays only ads that are relevant to the user. A broker broadcasts ads and is paid by advertisers based on the number of vehicles that displayed each ad. The prob... |
The conventional noise-based jamming strategy that randomly radiates high power radio frequency signals limits the jamming performance when the bandwidth is spread more widely. Moreover, increasing the jamming bandwidth to deteriorate entire spreading bandwidth reduces the jamming bandwidth efficiency. Thus, in this pa... |
Vibrio cholerae non-O1 was studied in patients with rice watery diarrhoea admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Yangon. The study was conducted during 1993-1994 to determine the association of the pathogen with the disease. Altogether 771 rectal swabs were collected and examined. V. cholerae were isolated by th... |
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of a class of dataintensive embedded sensing applications such as structure health monitoring and volcano surveillance [6]. Sensors in these a pplications samples at high rates (e.g., 100 Hz) and hence generate a large amount of data. Due to the limited communication band width... |
Dynamic materials that can sense changes in their surroundings and functionally respond by altering many of their physical characteristics are primed to be integral components of future "smart" technologies. A fundamental reason for the adaptability of biological organisms is their innate ability to convert environment... |
Journal use studies provide meaningful data to consider in shaping a library's journal collection. The University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Louise M. Darling Biomedical Library undertook such a study of 2,552 print subscription titles over one year, gathering data on circulation, in-house use, and interlibrar... |
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a inflammatory disease. Herein we explored the impact of diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG)-nanoliposomes on inflammation and oxidative stress in rats. DG-nanoliposomes were prepared, and the rats with UC were grouped into nanoliposome group, DG group, DG-nanoliposome |
group and blank group. Then we quantified the levels of IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and Lactoperoxidase (LPO) in rats from each group by tissue biochemistry staining, and the protein levels of NF-κB p65 were detected by Western Blot (WB). The drug-loading |
capacity and efficiency of DG-nanoliposomes were 27.0% and 52.0%, respectively. A significantly increased Zeta potential was recorded in the DG-nanoliposomes compared to the unloaded nanoliposomes (P <0.05). The expression of IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and |
LPO in rats receiving DG-nanoliposome s were remarkably lower than those receiving other treatments (P <0.05). A significant reduction of NF-κB p65 was detected in the samples from the DG-nanoliposome group compared to those receiving other treatments (P <0.05). |
In this study, DG-nanoliposomes were prepared and used for UC treatment in rats. The results proved that DG-nanoliposomes can regulate oxidative stress by inhibiting the TNF-α signaling pathway. Eventually, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, LPO and NF-κB |
p65 in UC rats were reduced, thereby improving the curative effect of DG-nanoliposomes on UC rats. However, some potential limitations still exist in this study, including the insufficient sample size and the limitation of the animal experiment. Despite limitations, DG-nanoliposomes are still |
a promising strategy in the field of UC therapy with great potential for clinical translation.The Effects of Perceived Barriers on Innovation Resistance of Hydrogen-Electric Motorcycles |
As environmental awareness among the public gradually improves, it is predicted that the trend of green consumption will make green products enter the mainstream market. Hydrogen-electric motorcycles, with eco-friendly and energy-efficient characteristics, have great advantages for development. However, as a type of in... |
The data on the secondary cases of infection with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CHF) virus during the period of 1960 - 2002 have been analyzed and the probability of the infection of medical personnel with this virus has been evaluated. The data obtained in this study may be used in the development of the mathematic... |
BACKGROUND |
Cisplatin therapy is effective against many tumours, however, the nephrotoxicity of this drug is a dose-limiting factor. Apoptosis and necrosis of tubular cells and inflammatory events contribute to the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Cisplatin promotes increased production of reactive oxygen species, which can activ... |
METHODS |
A total of 33 male Wistar rats received SP600125 (15 mg/kg/day, s.c., diluted in polyethylene glycol) for 4 days. At 24 h after the first dose, those 33 rats, plus an additional 30, were injected with cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.). In addition, 18 control rats were injected with saline, and 12 rats with polyethylene glycol... |
RESULTS |
Cisplatin-treated rats presented higher plasma creatinine, as well as greater immunostaining for ED1 (macrophages/monocytes), p-JNK, apoptotic cells, and tubular cell necrosis in the renal cortices and outer medullae. The increase of p-JNK expression was also confirmed by Western blot analysis. All of these alterations... |
CONCLUSION |
The protective effect of SP600125 on cisplatin-induced renal damage seems to be related to the reduction in the apoptotic cell death and to the restriction of renal inflammation.Peasants and Debt in Eighteenth-Century Champagne |
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