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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 55-year-old woman presents with pain in both hands and wrists for several years. It is associated with morning stiffness that lasts for almost an hour. She has a blood pressure of 124/76 mm Hg, heart rate of 71/min, and respiratory rate of 14/min. Physical examination reveals tenderness and swelling in ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 41-year-old man is brought to the emergency room after a blunt-force injury to the abdomen. His pulse is 130/min and blood pressure is 70/40 mm Hg. Ultrasound of the abdomen shows a large amount of blood in the hepatorenal recess and the pelvis. Which of the following responses by the kidney is most lik... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with severe menorrhagia for 3 days. She also reports dizziness. She has hypertension, for which she takes lisinopril. She appears pale. Her temperature is 37.5˚C (99.5˚F), pulse is 110/min, and blood pressure is 100/60 mmHg. Pulse oximetry shows an oxy... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 4670-g (10-lb 5-oz) male newborn is delivered at term to a 26-year-old woman after prolonged labor. Apgar scores are 9 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes. Examination in the delivery room shows swelling, tenderness, and crepitus over the left clavicle. There is decreased movement of the left upper extremity. Move... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old woman who was recently involved in a motor vehicle accident presents to a medical clinic for a follow-up visit. She was in the front passenger seat when the vehicle swerved off the road and struck 2 pedestrians. She was restrained by her seatbelt and did not suffer any significant physical i... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 9-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of short stature. He has always had short stature around the 35th percentile on the growth curve. Over the past year, he has dropped further on the curve, despite maintaining the same diet. He has a history of low birth weight. The vital signs include: ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 21-year-old man presents for a pre-employment medical check-up. He has a history of persistent asthma and regularly uses inhaled fluticasone for prophylaxis. For the last week, he has been experiencing increasing symptoms, such as night time cough and wheezing on exertion. Because his albuterol metered-... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 28-year-old male comes to the physician for worsening back pain. The pain began 10 months ago, is worse in the morning, and improves with activity. He has also had bilateral hip pain and difficulty bending forward during exercise for the past 3 months. He has celiac disease and eats a gluten-free diet. ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 30-year-old woman comes to the physician because of nervousness and difficulty sleeping over the past 4 weeks. She has difficulty falling asleep at night because she cannot stop worrying about her relationship and her future. Three months ago, her new boyfriend moved in with her. Befo... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A population is studied for risk factors associated with testicular cancer. Alcohol exposure, smoking, dietary factors, social support, and environmental exposure are all assessed. The researchers are interested in the incidence and prevalence of the disease in addition to other outcomes. Which pair of st... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 57-year-old man with a history of long-standing hypertension is brought to the emergency department because of headache, dyspnea, and blurry vision for 2 hours. He says that he forgot to fill his prescription for his antihypertensive medications last week. His blood pressure is 230/130 mm Hg. Intravenou... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 26-year-old male is brought into the emergency room because he collapsed after working out. The patient is a jockey, and he states that he feels dehydrated and has an upcoming meet for which he needs to lose some weight. On exam, the patient has dry mucosa with cracked lips. His temperature is 98.9 deg ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 61-year-old man decides to undergo surgery for a hip replacement after seeing no improvement in his pain with non-operative treatment. At some point during the surgery, he is administered an agent that results in fasciculations in the patient's extremities. This was the expected response to the administ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 60-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife with a sudden onset of right-sided weakness 2 hours ago. He can speak clearly without difficulty and denies any similar symptoms in the past. Past medical history is significant for hypertension and diabetes, both poorly managed due to m... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An inpatient psychiatrist recently had two patients who developed serious gastrointestinal infections while taking clozapine. He was concerned that his patients had developed agranulocytosis, a relatively rare but dangerous adverse event associated with clozapine. When the psychiatrist checked the absolut... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 63-year-old man with inoperable esophageal carcinoma undergoes palliative chemoradiotherapy. Four hours after his first infusion of carboplatin and paclitaxel, he develops nausea and 3 episodes of vomiting and dry heaving. This adverse reaction is caused by stimulation of a brain region on the floor of ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of anxiety and weight loss. She also reports an inability to tolerate heat and intermittent heart racing for 2 months. She appears anxious. Her pulse is 108/min and blood pressure is 145/87 mm Hg. Examination shows a fine tremor of he... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 60-year-old obese man comes to the emergency department with tightness in his chest and lower extremity edema. He has a history of heart failure that has gotten worse over the last several years. He takes finasteride, lisinopril, and albuterol. He does not use oxygen at home. He has mildly elevated bloo... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 3-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department because of an inability to walk for a few days. The patient’s mother says that the child was lying on the bed and must have fallen onto the carpeted floor. She lives at home with her mother and her 3-month-old brother. When the patient is directly a... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 52-year-old male presents with recent weight loss, fever, and joint pain. He reports frequent bouts of diarrhea. An intestinal biopsy demonstrates PAS-positive, non-acid fast macrophage inclusions in the lamina propria. Which of the following organisms is likely responsible for this patient’s illness: -... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for evaluation of easy bruising. He has met all developmental milestones. Vital signs are within normal limits. He is at the 50th percentile for height and weight. Physical examination shows velvety, fragile skin that can be stretched further tha... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 3-year-old boy is seen in clinic. He was born at home without perinatal care. He was apparently normal at birth, but later developed failure to thrive and developmental delay. He also has a history of cataracts. His older brother had a myocardial infarction at the age of 18 and is rather lanky and tall ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old man presents to the emergency department with dizziness. He states he has experienced a sustained sense of disequilibrium for the past 2 days. He feels that the floor is unstable/moving. The patient is otherwise healthy and does not have any other medical diagnoses. The patient is currently ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> After 1 week of intubation and sedation in the ICU for severe pneumonia, a 62-year-old man develops severe pain in his penis. He has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. He is an ex-smoker. He is currently on broad-spectrum IV antibiotics. In the ICU, his temperature is 36.7°C (98.1°F), blo... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 35-year-old woman comes to the physician because of fatigue and a 9-kg (20-lb) weight gain over the past 12 months. She also has irregular menstrual cycles and difficulty sleeping. Menses occur at irregular 35- to 50-day intervals and last 3–7 days. Menarche was at age of 13 years and her last menstrual... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 50-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of fatigue over the last several months. She feels ‘drained out’ most of the time and she drinks coffee and takes other stimulants to make it through the day. She also complains of severe itching all over her body for about 3 months which worsens at nigh... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 32-year-old Caucasian female required a kidney transplant 3 years ago. She presents with elevated creatinine levels (2.6 mg/dl) and an elevated blood pressure (160/90 mmHg). A biopsy is taken of the transplanted kidney. Following histological findings, a diagnosis of chronic graft rejection is made. Whi... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 6-month-old infant girl is brought by her parents to the emergency room due to abnormal jerky movements of the upper and lower limbs for the past month. When questioned about her birth history, the parents mention that a prenatal scan of the fetal heart revealed that the patient had a mass in the left v... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A medical student is conducting an experiment related to body fluids. Part of his research requires a relatively precise estimation of extracellular body fluid in each volunteer. He knows that extracellular body fluid accounts for approximately 33% of the volume of total body water. Which of the following... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 35-year-old woman presents to the ER with shortness of breath, cough, and severe lower limb enlargement. The dyspnea was of sudden onset, started a week ago, and increased with exercise but did not disappear with rest. Her cough was dry, persistent, and non-productive. She has a family history of matern... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 68-year-old woman with osteoarthritis comes to the physician because of a swollen and painful right knee for the past 2 days. Temperature is 37°C (98.6°F). Examination shows erythema and swelling of the right knee with a normal range of motion. An x-ray of the right knee shows punctate radiodensities in... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old comes to her dermatologist complaining of a rash that recently started appearing on her face. She states that over the past three months, she has noticed that her cheeks have been getting darker, which has been causing her psychological distress. She has attempted using skin lighteners on he... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 6-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of worsening headaches and a rash for 2 weeks. His mother reports that the rash started on his abdomen and diffusely spread to other areas. Over the past 2 months, he has had recurrent episodes of otitis media. Examination shows a diffuse, erythematous,... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Please refer to the summary above to answer this question In the study, all participants who were enrolled and randomly assigned to treatment with pulmharkimab were analyzed in the pulmharkimab group regardless of medication nonadherence or refusal of allocated treatment. A medical student reading the abs... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 24-year-old G1P1 presents to her physician to discuss the results of her Pap smear. Her previous 2 Pap smears were normal. Her family history is significant for breast cancer in her grandmother and cervical carcinoma in situ in her older sister. The results of her current Pap smear are as follows: Speci... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of diarrhea, flatulence, and fatigue. She reports having 3–5 episodes of loose stools daily that have an oily appearance. The symptoms are worse after eating. She also complains of an itchy rash on her elbows and knees. A photograph o... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his father for a well-child examination. He recently emigrated from Mexico with his family and has not seen a physician since birth. Vital signs are within normal limits. Cardiac examination shows a harsh, grade 3/6 holosystolic murmur heard best at the left... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 48-year-old man who emigrated from Sri Lanka 2 years ago comes to the physician because of a 1-month history of fever, cough, and a 6-kg (13-lb) weight loss. He appears ill. An x-ray of the chest shows patchy infiltrates in the upper lung fields with a cavernous lesion at the right apex. A CT-guided bio... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 30-year-old man with Down syndrome is brought to the physician by his mother for the evaluation of fatigue. Physical examination shows bluish-colored lips and digital clubbing that were not present at his most recent examination. Right heart catheterization shows a right atrial pressure of 32 mmHg. Whic... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A data analyst is putting systolic blood pressure values into a spreadsheet for a research study on hypertension during pregnancy. The majority of systolic blood pressure values fall between 130 and 145. For one of the study participants, she accidentally types “1400” instead of “140”. Which of the follow... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 4-year-old girl is brought to her pediatrician for a routine check-up. She was diagnosed with sickle cell disease last year after an episode of dactylitis. She was started on hydroxyurea, with no painful crises or acute chest episodes since starting the medication. Which of the following is an appropria... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 37-year-old man presents to a clinic with complaints of breathlessness and fever for the past few days. He says that the breathlessness is the same throughout the day and is not related to exertion. He recorded his body temperature at home as 38.1°C (100.5°F). Past medical history is insignificant. He d... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 31 year-old African-American female presents with a painful shin nodules, uveitis, and calcified hilar lymph nodes. A transbronchial biopsy of the lung would most likely show which of the following histologies? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Silica particles (birefringent) surrounded by collagen B) Golden-brown f... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 57-year-old man is admitted to the ER due to an abrupt onset of abdominal pain that radiates to the back, nausea, and multiple vomiting episodes for the past 10 hours. He does not have any significant past medical history. He admits to drinking alcohol every night. During admission, he is found to have ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 57-year-old man presents to his primary care provider because of chest pain for the past 3 weeks. The chest pain occurs after climbing more than 2 flights of stairs or walking for more than 10 minutes. His symptoms remain for an average of 30 minutes despite rest, but they eventually remit. He is obese,... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 56-year-old man is brought to the emergency department for the evaluation of a 3-day history of left lower abdominal pain. During this period, the patient has also had a low-grade fever and has not had a bowel movement. He has a history of constipation. He underwent a cholecystectomy at the age of 53 ye... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 36-year-old man comes to the emergency department 4 hours after a bike accident for severe pain and swelling in his right leg. He has not had a headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, or blood in his urine. He has a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and allergic rhinitis. He has smoked one ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 27-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of anxiety, diarrhea, and a 4.1-kg (9-lb) weight loss. On questioning, he also reports that he noticed a painless mass on his left testicle 2 weeks ago. His pulse is 110/min and irregular and blood pressure is 150/70 m... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An 85-year-old man who recently immigrated to the US from Spain presents to your office complaining of hoarseness and dysphagia for the past 2 months. He says his symptoms have been getting progressively worse, and he expresses concerns about the difficulty swallowing as he cannot eat well and has even lo... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 32-year-old man presents with difficulty sleeping and ‘feeling low’ for the past 6 months. Although he denies any suicidal thoughts, he admits to having an occasional feeling of hopelessness and loss of concentration at work. For the last 2 months, he has made excuses to avoid meeting his friends. He go... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 55-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department because he has had sharp chest pain for the past 3 hours. He reports that he can only take shallow breaths because deep inspiration worsens the pain. He also reports that the pain increases with coughing. Two weeks ago, he underwent cardiac cath... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old G2P1 woman at 28 weeks estimated gestational age presents with questions on getting epidural anesthesia for her upcoming delivery. She has not received any prenatal care until now. Her previous pregnancy was delivered safely at home by an unlicensed midwife, but she would like to receive an ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 55-year-old man comes to the physician because of worsening fatigue and recurrent bleeding from his gums for 2 weeks. Physical examination shows marked pallor. There are scattered red, nonblanching pinpoints spots on his trunk and extremities. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin of 8.0 g/dL, a leukocyt... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 69-year-old woman presents to her physician’s office with cough, increasing fatigue, and reports an alarming loss of 15 kg (33 lb) weight over the last 4 months. She says that she has observed this fatigue and cough to be present over the past year, but pushed it aside citing her age as a reason. The co... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-month-old male presents to the pediatrician with his mother for a well visit. The patient was born at 35 weeks gestation to a 30-year-old gravida 2 via vaginal delivery. The pregnancy and labor were uncomplicated. The patient required no resuscitation after delivery and was discharged from the hospita... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 67-year-old male presents to his primary care physician complaining of increased fatigue over the last year. He also says that his friends say he appears to be more pale. His past medical history is significant for 10 years of arthritis. Physical exam reveals spoon shaped nails as well as conjunctival p... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation presents with a headache. Her pregnancy has been managed by a nurse practitioner. Her temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 164/104 mmHg, pulse is 100/min, respirations are 22/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Physical exam is not... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 13-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for the evaluation of multiple behavioral problems. The parents report that their son has been bullying several classmates at school over the past year. During this period, he has been accused twice of stealing items from a local store. He has a... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 39-year-old woman with a history of migraine headaches is brought to the emergency room because of a severe, sudden-onset, throbbing headache and double vision for 1 hour. She says that she has been having frequent headaches and has not had her period in several months. Her blood pressure is 93/61 mm Hg... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 40-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 1-week history of palpitations and dizziness. His pulse is 65/min and regular. An ECG is shown. A drug is administered that inhibits non-dihydropyridine calcium channels in the heart and his symptoms improve. The drug administered to the patient most l... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 2-day history of redness and foreign body sensation in both eyes. She has not had vision loss. Her mother reports that she has also had violent coughing spells followed by a high-pitched inspiratory sound during this time. For the past week, she h... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 57-year-old man presents to the emergency department with fatigue. He states that his symptoms started yesterday and have been worsening steadily. The patient endorses a recent weight loss of 7 pounds this past week and states that he feels diffusely itchy. The patient has a past medical history of alco... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 70-year-old man with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital 8 hours after the onset of impaired speech and right-sided weakness. Two days after admission, he becomes confused and is difficult to arouse. His pulse is 64/min and blood pressure is 166/96 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 59-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a 6 day history of persistent fevers. In addition, he has noticed that he feels weak and sometimes short of breath. His past medical history is significant for congenital heart disease though he doesn't remember the specific details. He has been ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 63-year-old African American man presents to the emergency department with edema over his face and difficulty breathing. Past medical history is significant for hypertension and dyslipidemia. He recently began lisinopril and atorvastatin several weeks ago. His father died at 80 years from complications ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old man presents to the office for evaluation of pruritic skin lesions, which he has had for 1 month on his elbows and knees. He has been using over-the-counter ointments, but they have not helped. He has not seen a healthcare provider for many years. He has no known allergies. His blood pressur... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 50-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with progressive retrosternal chest pain and shortness of breath that started the day before. The pain is severe, worsens with inspiration, and radiates to his neck. He has also had a sore throat and neck pain the last 4 days. He remained bed-bound ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Every time your neighbor in the adjacent apartment flushes the toilet, the water in your shower becomes very hot, causing you to jump out of the way of the water stream. After this has occurred for several months, you note that you reflexively jump back from the water directly after the sound of the flush... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 28-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2, at 12 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She reports feeling fatigued, but she is otherwise feeling well. Pregnancy and delivery of her first 2 children were complicated by iron deficiency anemia. The patient does not smoke or drink alcoho... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 7-year-old girl is brought to the physician with complaints of recurrent episodes of dysuria for the past few months. Her parents reported 4 to 5 similar episodes in the last year. They also note that she has had several urinary tract infections throughout her childhood. She has no other medical problem... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Two days after undergoing hemicolectomy for colon cancer, a 78-year-old man is found agitated and confused in his room. He says that a burglar broke in. The patient points at one corner of the room and says “There he is, doctor!” Closer inspection reveals that the patient is pointing to his bathrobe, whic... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Two days after an uncomplicated laparoscopic abdominal hernia repair, a 46-year-old man is evaluated for palpitations. He has a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and a ventricular septal defect that closed spontaneously as a child. His father has coronary artery disease. Prior to admissio... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 34-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a headache that has lasted for 2 hours. His headache is severe and he rates it as a 10/10 on the pain scale. It is generalized and associated with nausea and photophobia. He denies any history of head trauma or fever. He has a history of migraine... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An investigator is studying the structure and function of immunoglobulins that are transmitted across the placenta from mother to fetus. The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily responsible for which of the following immunological events? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Formation of dimer B) Fixing of compl... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after being found down in the middle of the street. Bystanders reported to the police that they had seen the man as he exited a local bar, and he was subsequently assaulted. He sustained severe facial trauma, including multiple lacerations and facia... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 75-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia, coronary artery disease, and history of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) comes to your office for evaluation of hypertension. Previously, his blood pressure was controlled with diet and an ACE inhibitor. Today, his blood pressure is 180/115 mm Hg, and his crea... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 69-year-old man presents to the urgent care clinic with a history of hypertension and a variety of systemic complaints including fatigue, occasional fever, abdominal pain, and diffuse palpable, pruritic eruptions over his lower extremities. He is currently unemployed. His medical history is significant ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 12-year-old girl is brought to the physician for a follow-up examination. Two months ago, she was diagnosed with asthma and treatment was begun with an albuterol inhaler as needed. Since then, she has had episodic chest tightness and cough 2–3 times per week. The cough is intermittent and nonproductive;... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 32-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with fatigue and bilateral leg swelling. Her pulse is 92/min, and respirations are 24/min. Physical examination shows jugular venous distention and pitting edema of the lower extremities. Her abdomen is distended with shifting dullne... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 2-year-old boy is brought in by his parents to his pediatrician. The boy was born by spontaneous vaginal delivery at 39 weeks and 5 days after a normal pregnancy. The boy has received all age-appropriate vaccinations as of his last visit at 18 months of age. Of note, the boy has confirmed sickle cell di... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) type 2 is a consequence of a defective pancreatic enzyme, which normally acts as a glucose sensor, resulting in a mild hyperglycemia. The hyperglycemia is especially exacerbated during pregnancy. Which of the following pathways is controlled by this enzyme? ----... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 75-year-old man presents to the clinic for chronic fatigue of 3 months duration. Past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes and hypertension, both of which are controlled with medications, as well as constipation. He denies any fever, weight loss, pain, or focal neurologic deficits. A compl... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 78-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by ambulance 30 minutes after the sudden onset of speech difficulties and right-sided arm and leg weakness. Examination shows paralysis and hypoesthesia on the right side, positive Babinski sign on the right, and slurred speech. A CT scan of the hea... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old woman presents to her physician with a missed mense and occasional morning nausea. Her menstrual cycles have previously been normal and on time. She has hypothyroidism resulting from Hashimoto thyroiditis diagnosed 2 years ago. She receives levothyroxine (50 mcg daily) and is euthyroid. She ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> To maintain blood glucose levels even after glycogen stores have been depleted, the body, mainly the liver, is able to synthesize glucose in a process called gluconeogenesis. Which of the following reactions of gluconeogenesis requires an enzyme different from glycolysis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Fructose 1,6... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 46-year-old woman from Ecuador is admitted to the hospital because of tarry-black stools and epigastric pain for 2 weeks. The epigastric pain is relieved after meals, but worsens after 1–2 hours. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. Physical examination shows no abnormalities.... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 1-year-old, pale-looking boy presents with high-grade fever and ecchymosis, which he has been experiencing for the past 2 weeks. The boy has achieved all developmental milestones on time and has no history of medical illness in the past. Lab investigations reveal the following: Hemoglobin 5.5 g/dL WBC 1... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 35-year-old man who is a professional baseball player presents with stiffness in his hands. He says he is unable to bat as he would like and feels like he lacks power in his swings. He also has noticed that he sometimes seems to be dragging his feet while walking, and his voice seems to have changed. On... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 67-year-old man presents to the emergency room with malaise, nausea, and vomiting. Four hours prior to presentation, he was spraying insecticide at his farm when he started feeling nauseous. He has had multiple episodes of diarrhea and has vomited non-bloody, non-bilious fluid twice. He also complains o... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 48-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a complaint of lower back pain that has developed over the past week. He works in construction but cannot recall a specific injury or incident that could have led to this pain. He denies any pain, weakness, or change/loss of sensation in his le... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 4-year-old boy presents with vomiting and one day of lethargy after a one week history of flu-like symptoms and low-grade fevers. The vomiting is nonbilious and nonbloody. The patient has had no other symptoms aside from mild rhinorrhea and cough. He has no past medical history, and is on no medications... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 22-year-old woman comes to the office with complaints of dark urine and low-grade fever for 3 months. She also expresses her concerns about feeling fatigued most of the time. She says that she thought her dark urine was from dehydration and started to drink more water, but it showed minimal improvement.... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 7-month-old boy presents with fever, chills, cough, runny nose, and watery eyes. His elder brother is having similar symptoms. Past medical history is unremarkable. The patient is diagnosed with an influenza virus infection. Assuming that this is the child’s first exposure to the influenza virus, which ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 58-year-old man presents to the emergency department with worsening shortness of breath, cough, and fatigue. He reports that his shortness of breath was worst at night, requiring him to sit on a chair in order to get some sleep. Medical history is significant for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 28 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. Pregnancy and delivery of her first child were uncomplicated. She has a history of bipolar disorder and hypothyroidism. She uses cocaine once a month and has a history of drinking al... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 31-year-old woman presents to her gynecologist for cervical cancer screening. She has no complaints and is sexually active. There is no history of cervical cancer or other malignancy in her family. A complete physical examination, including an examination of the genitourinary system, is normal. A sampli... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old woman presents to her gynecologist for painful menses. Her menses are regular, occurring every 28 days and lasting approximately 4 days. Menarche was at age 12. Over the past 6 months, she has started to develop aching pelvic pain during the first 2 days of her menstrual period. Ibuprofen pr... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 60-year-old woman comes to the physician because of intermittent abdominal pain for the past month. The patient reports that the pain is located in the right upper abdomen and that it does not change with food intake. She has had no nausea, vomiting, or change in weight. She has a history of hypertensio... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old woman goes to a walk-in clinic while on the fourth day of her honeymoon. She is very upset saying that her honeymoon is being ruined because she is in severe pain. She states that yesterday she began to experience severe pain with urination and seems to be urinating more frequently than norm... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 64-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Four months ago, he underwent a renal transplantation for end-stage renal disease. Current medications include sirolimus, tacrolimus, and prednisolone. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Serum studies show a creatinine concent... | A |
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