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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old man living in the United States recently consumed a meal mostly consisting of raw shellfish that his girlfriend brought on her trip to Asia. After 2 days, he experienced a sudden onset of diarrhea and vomiting with severe abdominal cramps while his girlfriend developed mild diarrhea just sev... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with sudden onset nausea and vomiting that started 2 hours ago. The patient's parents can not recall any inciting event and state that he very suddenly started acting irritable, started vomiting, and experienced 1 episode of diarrhea. His temperature i... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 43-year-old man is referred by his family physician because his urine dipstick reveals 3+ protein and urinalysis reveals 1-2 red cells/high power field, but is otherwise negative. He does not have any current complaints. His family history is irrelevant. He denies smoking and alcohol use. His temperatur... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room by his parents due to worsening cough, fever, and difficulty breathing in the past 2 days. Physical exam reveals a barking cough and use of accessory muscles for breathing. After a full clinical workup, he is diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection c... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 35-year-old man comes to the physician because of fatigue and generalized weakness for the past year. He has noticed he has been having fewer bowel movements. He has had pain with defecation and small amounts of blood when wiping. He has not lost weight despite increased efforts to diet and exercise. He... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 31-year-old nurse presents to the emergency department with palpitations, sweating, and jitteriness. She denies chest pain, shortness of breath, and recent illness. She states that she experienced weakness in her arms and legs and a tingling sensation in her fingers before the palpitations occurred. Med... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A cardiologist is studying how a new virus that infects the heart affects the electrical conduction system of the cardiac myocytes. He decides to obtain electrocardiograms on patients with this disease in order to see how the wave patterns and durations change over time. While studying these records, he a... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> During a study on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), researchers discovered an agent that markedly inhibits the carbon dioxide-carrying capacity of the venous blood. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism underlying this agent’s effects? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Decreased capillary per... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 38-year-old female presents to her primary care physician with complaints of several episodes of palpitations accompanied by panic attacks over the last month. She also is concerned about many instances over the past few weeks where food has been getting stuck in her throat and she has had trouble swall... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 55-year-old woman presents to her family physician with a 1-week history of dizziness. She experiences spinning sensations whenever she lies down and these sensations increase when she turns her head to the right. These episodes are transient, intermittent, last for less than a minute, occur multiple ti... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 53-year-old white man presents to the emergency department because of progressive fatigue, shortness of breath on exertion, and a sensation of his heart pounding for the past 2 weeks. He has had high blood pressure for 8 years for which he takes hydrochlorothiazide. He denies any history of drug abuse o... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 16-year-old girl comes to the physician for a regular health visit. She feels healthy. She lives with her parents at home. She says that the relationship with her parents has been strained lately because they ""do not approve"" of her new boyfriend. She recently became sexually active with her boyfriend... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 76-year-old man is brought to his geriatrician by his daughter, who reports that he has been "losing his memory." While the patient previously performed all household duties by himself, he has recently had several bills that were unpaid. He also called his daughter several instances after getting lost w... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 63-year-old man comes to the physician because of increasing generalized fatigue for 3 months. He is having more difficulty with keeping up with his activities of daily living and has lost 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) over the past month. He has hypertension and hyperlipidemia. He does not smoke and drinks two to th... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 37-year-old woman presents with an inability to void in the hours after giving birth to her first child via vaginal delivery. Her delivery involved the use of epidural anesthesia as well as pelvic trauma from the use of forceps. She is currently experiencing urinary leakage and complains of increased lo... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 5-kg (11-lb) weight loss and difficulty swallowing. She is able to swallow liquids without difficulty but feels like solid foods get stuck in her throat. Physical examination shows taut skin and limited range of motion of the fingers. There are telan... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-year-old girl presents to the emergency room with acute airway obstruction. Physical examination shows cough, episodic wheezing, and excess mucus production. Increased quantities of which of the following would predispose the child to extrinsic asthma: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Treg lymphocytes B) Th1 lymp... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 68-year-old man, with a recent ischemic stroke due to a right middle cerebral artery thromboembolism, presents for evaluation. In addition to the abnormal neurologic findings, there are significant hepatosplenomegaly and multiple lymphadenopathies. Laboratory findings are significant for the following: ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 78-year-old woman presents with difficulty swallowing and retrosternal chest pain for the past couple of weeks. She says the pain radiates to the epigastric region and increases whenever she eats or drinks anything. She says the pain is not aggravated by exertion, and she denies any shortness of breath,... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Three days after delivering a baby at 36 weeks' gestation by lower segment transverse cesarean section due to abruptio placentae, a 29-year-old primigravid woman develops fever, chills, and a heavy feeling in her breasts. She also has nausea and abdominal pain. Her temperature is 39.3°C (102.7°F), pulse i... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old man is admitted to the intensive care unit with confusion and severe dyspnea at rest which started 3 hours ago. The symptoms worse when the patient lies down and improve in the sitting position. The patient has a history of cocaine abuse. The patient’s blood pressure is 75/50 mm Hg, the hear... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 55-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 5-month history of progressively worsening substernal chest pain after meals. The pain occurs almost daily, is worst after eating spicy food or drinking coffee, and often wakes him up from sleep at night. He has not had any weight lo... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 36-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 3, presents to the postpartum clinic complaining of left breast pain. She gave birth 3 weeks ago, and the breast pain started yesterday. She has exclusively breastfed her infant since birth. She says she hasn't been feeling well for the past 2 days and has experienced ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of diarrhea and vomiting for 5 days. Vaccinations are up-to-date. She appears pale and irritable. Her vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows petechiae on her trunk and extremities. Abdominal examination shows diffuse abdominal tenderne... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 26-year-old G1P0 woman at 40 weeks estimated gestational age presents after experiencing labor pains. Pregnancy has been uncomplicated so far. Rupture of membranes occurs, and a transvaginal delivery is performed under epidural anesthesia, and the baby is delivered alive and healthy. The patient voids a... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 34-year-old woman presents with acute onset loss of vision and visual disturbances. She says that, several hours ago, her vision began to get dim, and she sees halos around light sources. This was immediately followed by a severe frontal headache. Past medical history is significant for epilepsy. The pa... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining of weakness that has progressively worsened over the past 2 weeks. She states that she has a hard time lifting both her arms but that they function normally. She notes no history of trauma or other deficits. On examination, that patient has 2/5 muscle... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 31-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by EMS, activated by a bystander who found her wandering in the street. She provides short, vague answers to interview questions and frequently stops mid-sentence and stares at an empty corner of the room, appearing distracted. Her affect is odd b... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 13-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother because she refuses to go to school. The patient has been complaining of headaches, nausea, and abdominal pain, however, after a physical assessment, the physician finds no underlying cause for her symptoms. She has not lost any weight since her... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 57-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for weakness. The patient states that she barely feels able to lift a bag of groceries from her car into her house anymore. The patient has a past medical history of a suicide attempt, constipation, anxiety, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Her curr... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An 85-year-old man presents with the reappearance of his Parkinson’s disease (PD) symptoms over the last few months. He says he has been treated with various drugs over the last 20 years, but that currently his symptoms worsen as he nears the time for his next dose of medication. His movements have been s... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 21-year-old man presents to his physician because he has been feeling increasingly tired and short of breath at work. He has previously had these symptoms but cannot recall the diagnosis he was given. Chart review reveals the following results: Oxygen tension in inspired air = 150 mmHg Alveolar carbon d... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 72-year-old man of Asian descent seeks evaluation at your medical office and is frustrated about the frequency he wakes up at night to urinate. He comments that he has stopped drinking liquids at night, but the symptoms have progressively worsened. The physical examination is unremarkable, except for an... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 70-year-old woman is evaluated for muscle pain and neck stiffness that has been progressing for the past 3 weeks. She reports that the neck stiffness is worse in the morning and gradually improves throughout the day. She feels fatigued, although there have not been any changes in her daily routine. Her ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> During a clinical study examining the diffusion of gas between the alveolar compartment and the pulmonary capillary blood, men between the ages of 20 and 50 years are evaluated while they hold a sitting position. After inhaling a water-soluble gas that rapidly combines with hemoglobin, the concentration o... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 34-year-old man presents to the local clinic with a 2 month history of midsternal chest pain following meals. He has a past medical history of hypertension. The patient takes lisinopril daily. He drinks 4–5 cans of 12 ounce beer daily, and chews 2 tins of smokeless tobacco every day. The vital signs are... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 27-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after he was found locked in a bathroom at a local gas station. The patient states that he was being followed. The patient is unable to reveal additional medical history due to his condition. The patient’s sister is contacted and states that he has ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 24-year-old man is rushed to the emergency room after he was involved in a motor vehicle accident. , He says that he is having difficulty breathing and has right-sided chest pain, which he describes as 8/10, sharp in character, and worse with deep inspiration. His vitals are: blood pressure 90/65 mm Hg,... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 37-year-old G4P3 presents to her physician at 20 weeks gestation for routine prenatal care. Currently, she has no complaints; however, in the first trimester she was hospitalized due to acute pyelonephritis and was treated with cefuroxime. All her past pregnancies required cesarean deliveries for medica... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 56-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Two weeks ago, he was treated for an acute gout attack of the metatarsophalangeal joints of his right big toe. His symptoms improved with naproxen. He has had three other similar episodes of joint pain in his toes and ankles during the ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 50-year-old Caucasian man is admitted to the ER with an 8-hour history of intense abdominal pain that radiates to the back, nausea, and multiple episodes of vomiting. Past medical history is insignificant. His blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg, pulse is 120/min, respirations are 20/min, and body temperature... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old woman comes to the physician because of increasing pain and swelling of her hands and wrists for 3 days. She has been unable to continue her daily activities like writing or driving. She has had a nonpruritic generalized rash for 4 days. She had fever and a runny nose one week ago which reso... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An endocrinologist is working with a pharmaceutical research company on a new drug for diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). In their experimental studies, they isolated a component from Gila monster saliva, which was found to have > 50% homology with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1). During the animal studies, t... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 41-year-old HIV-positive male presents to the ER with a 4-day history of headaches and nuchal rigidity. A lumbar puncture shows an increase in CSF protein and a decrease in CSF glucose. When stained with India ink, light microscopy of the patient’s CSF reveals encapsulated yeast with narrow-based buds. ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 65-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for a wellness checkup. She states that she has felt well lately and has no concerns. The patient has a 12-pack-year smoking history and has 3 drinks per week. She is retired and lives at home with her husband. She had a normal colonoscopy 8 years... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 75-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for foot pain. The patient states that he has had chronic foot pain, which has finally caused him to come and see the doctor. The patient's past medical history is unknown and he has not seen a doctor in over 50 years. The patient states he has led ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department with hematemesis that started 1 hour ago but has subsided. His past medical history is significant for cirrhosis with known esophageal varices which have been previously banded. His temperature is 97.5°F (36.4°C), blood pressure is 114/64 mmHg, pulse ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 34-year-old man presents with dysphagia. The patient says that he has pain on swallowing which gradually onset 2 weeks ago and has not improved. He denies any change in diet but does say that he recently returned from a prolonged work trip to the Caribbean. No significant past medical history or current... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 22-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician complaining of a red, itchy rash on her elbows and shoulders for 2 months. She has no history of medical problems, and review of systems is positive only for occasional loose stools. She is appropriately prescribed dapsone, which relieves the rash... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 69-year-old woman is brought to her primary care physician by her son who is worried about her weight loss. The son reports that over the past 2 months she has lost at least 12 pounds. The patient denies any change in appetite but complains of diarrhea and abdominal discomfort. Additionally, she reports... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 43-year-old female presents to the ED with a severe case of left leg cellulitis. She is admitted for IV antibiotics. After 24 hours, the area of erythema has receded approximately 30%. The following day she is being prepared for discharge when she suddenly begins to complain of nausea and abdominal pain... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 50-year-old woman presents to the ED 6 hours after ingesting three bottles of baby aspirin. He complains of nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and tinnitus. His blood pressure is 135/80 mmHg, pulse is 110/min, respirations are 32/min, temperature is 100.1 deg F (37.8 deg C), and oxygen saturation is 99% on ro... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 68-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of loss of urine for the last year. The patient states that she loses control over her bladder when walking or standing up. She reports frequent, small-volume urine losses with no urge to urinate prior to the leakage. She tried to strengthen he... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 27-year-old P1G1 who has had minimal prenatal care delivers a newborn female infant. Exam reveals a dusky child who appears to be in distress. Her neck veins are distended and you note an enlarged v wave. She has a holosystolic murmur. Following echocardiogram, immediate surgery is recommended. For whic... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 60-year-old white man with a past medical history significant for hypertension and hyperlipidemia presents to his family medicine physician with concerns about a ‘spot’ on his ear. He has been a construction worker for 35 years and spends most of his time outside. His family history is insignificant. On... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An investigator is studying muscle tissue in high-performance athletes. He obtains blood samples from athletes before and after a workout session consisting of short, fast sprints. Which of the following findings is most likely upon evaluation of blood obtained after the workout session? ---- <<Choices:>>... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old man college student visits the Health Services Office complaining of an intense and painful rash involving his axillae, waist, periumbilical skin, and inner thighs. The pruritus is worse at night. He noticed the rash and onset of symptoms after a recent fraternity party 4 weeks ago. The phys... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 75-year-old male presents to the emergency room complaining of severe lower abdominal pain and an inability to urinate. He reports that he last urinated approximately nine hours ago. When asked to urinate, only a few drops dribble from the tip of his penis. Further questioning reveals that the patient h... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 27-year-old male presents to the emergency department after being brought in from a house fire. The patient has extensive burns covering his body and is conscious but in severe pain. The patient has a past medical history notable for marijuana use. He is not currently on any medications. Physical exam i... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 7-month-old boy is brought to the physician for a well-child examination. He was born at 36 weeks' gestation and has been healthy since. He is at the 60th percentile for length and weight. Vital signs are within normal limits. The abdomen is soft and nontender. The external genitalia appear normal. Exam... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 50-year-old man presents to a clinic with oliguria. Four weeks ago, he had a kidney transplant. Postoperative follow-up was normal. He is currently on cyclosporine and admits that sometimes he forgets to take his medication. On physical examination, the vital signs include: temperature 37.1°C (98.8°F), ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A young woman from the Ohio River Valley in the United States currently on corticosteroid therapy for ulcerative colitis presented to a clinic complaining of fever, sweat, headache, nonproductive cough, malaise, and general weakness. A chest radiograph revealed patchy pneumonia in the lower lung fields, t... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 14-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his mother for temper tantrums for the past year. She is concerned as he gets abnormally irritated and angry towards the smallest things. After asking the mother to leave the room, the patient reports that he is simply annoyed by his mother’s constant nagging.... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An investigator studying hormone synthesis and transport uses immunocytochemical techniques to localize a carrier protein in the central nervous system of an experimental animal. The investigator finds that this protein is synthesized together with a specific hormone from a composite precursor. The protei... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old man with HIV comes to the physician because of a nonproductive cough and shortness of breath for 3 weeks. He feels tired after walking up a flight of stairs and after long conversations on the phone. He appears chronically ill. His temperature is 38.5°C (101.3°F), and pulse is 110/min. Pulse... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 46-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining that she “wets herself.” She states that over the past year she has noticed increased urinary leakage. At first it occurred only during her job, which involves restocking shelves with heavy appliances. Now she reports that she has to wear pads daily b... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 2-day-old male is seen in the newborn nursery for repeated emesis and lethargy. He was born at 39 weeks to a 24-year-old mother following an uncomplicated pregnancy and birth. He has been breastfeeding every 2 hours and has 10 wet diapers per day. His father has a history of beta-thalassemia minor. Labo... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of chills and numerous skin lesions for 1 week. He has also had watery diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain for the past 2 weeks. The skin lesions are nonpruritic and painless. He was diagnosed with HIV infection approximately 20 years ago. He ha... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 70-year-old man is brought to the emergency department unconscious after a fall. He appears pale and is pulseless. A 12-lead EKG reveals wide, monomorphic sawtooth-like QRS complexes. He undergoes synchronized cardioversion three times at increasing voltage with no effect. Epinephrine is administered wi... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A molecular biologist is studying the roles of different types of ion channels regulating cardiac excitation. He identifies a voltage-gated calcium channel in the sinoatrial node, which is also present throughout the myocardium. The channel is activated at ~ -40 mV of membrane potential, undergoes voltage... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 77-year-old woman presents to her physician because of fatigue and progressive dyspnea despite receiving optimal treatment for heart failure. Her medical history is positive for heart failure, active tuberculosis, and chronic renal failure, for which she has been in long-term hemodialysis (13 years). Th... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An at-home recreational drug screening test kit is currently being developed. They consult you for assistance with determining an ideal cut-off point for the level of the serum marker in the test kit. This cut-off point will determine what level of serum marker is associated with a positive or negative te... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 7-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 5-day history of fever, malaise, and joint pain. He had a sore throat 4 weeks ago that resolved without treatment. His temperature is 38.6°C (101.5°F) and blood pressure is 84/62 mm Hg. Physical examination shows several firm, painless nodules unde... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because he claims to have spoken to his recently-deceased grandfather. The grandfather, who lived with the family and frequently watched the boy for his parents, died 2 months ago. The boy was taken out of preschool for 3 days after his grandfathe... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 16-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for evaluation because of extreme irritability, fatigue, and loss of appetite for 3 weeks. Five months ago, his grandfather, whom he was very close to, passed away from chronic lymphocytic leukemia. He used to enjoy playing so... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An 18-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her coach, 30 minutes after injuring her left knee while playing field hockey. She was tackled from the left side and has been unable to bear weight on her left leg since the accident. She fears the left knee may be unstable upon standing. The... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 54-year-old woman comes to the physician for a follow-up examination after presenting with elevated blood pressure readings during her last two visits. After her last visit 2 months ago, she tried controlling her hypertension with weight loss before starting medical therapy, but she has since been unabl... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 58-year-old man presents to his physician with breathlessness on exertion for the last 2 years. He mentions that initially, he used to become breathless upon climbing 2 flights of stairs, but now he becomes breathless after walking a couple of blocks. He has no known medical condition except obesity (mo... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with constant and gnawing lower abdominal pain for 2 days. The pain has been steadily worsening in intensity. He says the pain occasionally radiates to his lower back and groin bilaterally. While he cannot identify any aggravating factors, he feels ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 18-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of swelling and itchiness of her mouth and lips. It decreases when she eats cold foods such as frozen fruit. Four days ago, she underwent orthodontic wire-placement on her upper and lower teeth. Since then, she has be... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Two separate investigators have conducted cohort studies to calculate the risk of lymphoma in rheumatoid arthritis patients taking anti-TNF alpha medications. They each followed patients with rheumatoid arthritis for a number of years and tracked the number of patients who were diagnosed with lymphoma. Th... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An investigator is studying vitamin D metabolism in mice. He induces a gene mutation that interferes with the function of an enzyme in the renal proximal tubules that is required for vitamin D activation. He then measures serum levels of various metabolites. Production of which of the following will be im... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An 8-year-old boy presents with a 7-day history of fever and abdominal pain for the past 4 days. Past medical history is significant for an exchange transfusion for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and recurrent attacks of pallor during the course of upper respiratory tract infections. His vital signs include:... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 66-year-old man presents to the emergency department with dyspnea. Two days ago, he hosted his grandchild's birthday party, and since has noticed general malaise, fever, and dry cough. He does not know if he feels more dyspneic while supine or standing but has noticed difficulty breathing even while wat... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 28-year-old primigravid woman at 31 weeks' gestation comes to the physician because of fever, myalgia, abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea for 3 days. Her pregnancy has been uncomplicated. Her only medication is a prenatal vitamin. Her temperature is 39.4°C (102.9°F). Physical examination shows diffuse... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 47-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of a dry cough. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. Physical examination shows mild conjunctival hyperemia. Chest auscultation shows fine crackles in both lung fields. Laboratory studies show a total calcium concentration of 10.8 ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 72-year-old female presents to the emergency department following a syncopal episode while walking down several flights of stairs. The patient has not seen a doctor in several years and does not take any medications. Your work-up demonstrates that she has symptoms of angina and congestive heart failure.... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 69-year-old white man comes to the physician because of a 15-day history of fatigue and lower leg swelling. Over the past 8 months, he has had a 3.8-kg (8.3-lb) weight loss. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 48 years. Vital signs are within normal limits. He appears thin. Examination shows ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old man comes to the physician because of right scrotal swelling for the past 2 weeks. He has had mild lower abdominal discomfort for the past 3 weeks. There is no personal or family history of serious illness. He appears healthy. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows gynecomas... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 56-year-old man with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department by his neighbor because of impaired consciousness and difficulty speaking for 1 hour. A diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke is made. Over the next three days after admission, the patient’s rena... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 6-year-old boy presents to your office with hematuria. Two weeks ago the patient had symptoms of a sore throat and fever. Although physical exam is unremarkable, laboratory results show a decreased serum C3 level and an elevated anti-DNAse B titer. Which of the following would you most expect to see on ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 76-year-old Spanish speaking male comes to the health clinic with his daughter for a routine health maintenance visit. The physician speaks only basic Spanish and is concerned about communicating directly with the patient. The patient's daughter is fluent in both English and Spanish and offers to transl... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 3-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician by his parents for a follow-up visit. Several concerning traits were observed at his last physical, 6 months ago. He had developmental delay, a delay in meeting gross and fine motor control benchmarks, and repetitive behaviors. At birth, he was noted to have... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 3-month-old girl is brought to the emergency department because of a 2-day history of progressive difficulty breathing and a dry cough. Five weeks ago, she was diagnosed with diffuse hemangiomas involving the intrathoracic cavity and started treatment with prednisolone. She appears uncomfortable and in ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A recently published prospective cohort study of 1,000 men reports that smoking is significantly associated with higher rates of esophageal cancer. The next week, however, the journal publishes a letter to the editor in which a re-analysis of the study's data when accounting for the confounding effects of... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> Please refer to the summary above to answer this question Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?" "Patient Information Age: 30 years Gender: F, self-identified Ethnicity: unspecified Site of Care: office History Reason for Visit/Chief Concern: “I'm so anxious about work.” History ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 3-year-old boy is brought for general developmental evaluation. According to his parents he is playing alongside other children but not in a cooperative manner. He has also recently begun to ride a tricycle. Upon questioning you also find that he is toilet trained and can stack 9 blocks. Upon examinatio... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 54-year-old woman comes to the clinic for an annual check-up. She has no other complaints except for some weight gain over the past year. Her last menstrual period was 8 months ago. “I started eating less since I get full easily and exercising more but just can’t lose this belly fat,” she complains. She... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 67-year-old man presents to the emergency department after a suicide attempt. The patient was found in his apartment by his grandson with wrist lacerations. He was rushed to the emergency department and was resuscitated en route. The patient has a past medical history of ischemic heart disease and depre... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 39-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 4, comes to the physician because of a 5-month history of painful, heavy menses. Menses previously occurred at regular 28-day intervals and lasted 3 days with normal flow. They now last 7–8 days and the flow is heavy with the passage of clots. Pelvic examination shows ... | B |
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