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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 26-year-old healthy woman presents with lightheadedness, palpitations, and sweating, which started suddenly after she was frightened by her neighbor’s dog. The patient’s blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg, the heart rate is 150/min, the respiratory rate is 15/min, and the temperature is 36.6℃ (97.9℉). Her E... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 68-year-old female presents to the emergency room with acute onset of dyspnea and hemoptysis. Her past medical history is unremarkable and she has had no prior surgeries. A ventilation-perfusion scan demonstrates a large perfusion defect that is not matched by a ventilation defect in the left lower lobe... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stimulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors results in an increase in mucus secretion, smooth muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction. The end result is an increase in airway resistance. Which of the following pharmacologic agents interferes... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 27-year old primigravid woman at 37 weeks' gestation comes to the emergency department because of frequent contractions for 4 hours. Her pregnancy has been complicated by hyperemesis gravidarum which subsided in the second trimester. The contractions occur every 10–15 minutes and have been increasing in... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 55-year-old man presents with sudden onset palpitations for the past couple of hours. He denies any chest pain. Past medical history is significant for unknown kidney disease. Current medications are amiloride and daily aspirin. His blood pressure is 123/87 mm Hg and pulse is 45/min. Physical examinatio... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 12-year-old boy is brought by his mother to the emergency room because of a swollen, hot, and tender knee that he sustained after falling on his way home. He has never had a swollen joint before; however, he has had frequent nosebleeds throughout his life. His mother is worried because they live with he... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 6-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of increasing swelling around her eyes for the past 3 days. Her vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination shows periorbital edema and abdominal distention with shifting dullness. Laboratory studies show a serum albumin of 2 g/dL and a ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 58-year-old right-handed man is brought to the emergency department after he was found unconscious in his living room by his wife. She reports that he has never had a similar episode before. The patient has hypertension and consumes multiple alcoholic drinks per day. On arrival, he is confused and orien... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 42-year-old man comes to the physician for a health maintenance examination. He has had generalized fatigue and muscle aches since his previous visit 6 months ago. He has hypertension and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Current medications include amlodipine and omeprazole. His temperature is 37.1°C (9... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An otherwise healthy, exclusively breastfed 4-day-old neonate is brought to the physician because of yellowing of his skin and eyes. His urine has been clear and stools have been normal. He was born at term by vacuum-assisted delivery and weighed 4000 g (8 lb 8 oz). Pregnancy was complicated by gestationa... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 34-year-old woman is recovering in the post-operative unit following a laparoscopic procedure for chronic endometriosis. She had initially presented with complaints of painful menstrual cramps that kept her bedridden most of the day. She also mentioned to her gynecologist that she had been diagnosed wit... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old female presents to the emergency department with right lower abdominal pain that began suddenly one hour ago. She is writhing in discomfort and has vomited twice since arrival. She has no chronic medical conditions, but states she has had chlamydia two or three times in the past. Her abdomen... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 47-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-month history of progressive weakness. She has had increased difficulty climbing stairs and standing from a seated position. She takes no medications. Neurologic examination shows weakness of the proximal muscles. Skin examination shows diffuse ery... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 78-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of confusion that started 2 hours ago. The patient’s daughter says that he has had blurred vision for several days. His right leg became weak 10 days ago, and he couldn’t walk for a few days before recovering. He was diagnosed with monoclonal ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 17-year-old girl is being evaluated for primary amenorrhea. A pelvic ultrasound shows no uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries, despite having normal external sexual organs. On physical examination, there is no axillary or pubic hair, and breast development is normal. The laboratory tests show evidence of... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 41-year-old male with a history of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is found to have multiple ring-enhancing lesions on brain CT. Which of the following is most likely responsible for this patient's abnormal scan? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Neoplasm B) Bacteria C) Virus D) Protozoa ---- <<Answer:>> | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 13-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain. His parents state that he has been complaining of abdominal pain that became increasingly severe this evening. They also state he has been eating much more lately yet still has been losing weight. The patient's past medical... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 51-year-old man is bitten by a cottonmouth viper and is successfully treated with sheep hyperimmune Fab antivenom. Three days later, the patient develops an abdominal itchy rash and re-presents to the emergency department for medical care. His medical history is significant for gout, hypertension, hyper... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 47-year-old man presents to the clinic for an evaluation of intense itching of his right thigh region for the past few days. He states some ‘red bumps’ just began to form. The patient mentions that he was recently at a business conference in Miami. He has a past medical history of hypertension, diabetes... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 24-year-old woman presents to her primary care doctor with a lesion on her labia. She first noticed the lesion 2 days ago. It is not painful. She denies vaginal discharge or dysuria. She has no past medical history and takes no medications. She has had 4 sexual partners in the past 8 months and uses the... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 70-year-old man presents with fever, headache, and vomiting. He says that symptoms onset acutely 2 days ago and have not improved. He also reports associated weakness and chills. Past medical history is significant for occasional heartburn. His temperature is 39.4°C (103.0°F), the pulse rate is 124/min,... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 15-year-old girl presents to her primary care physician, accompanied by her mother, for 4 days of abdominal pain. She describes the pain as diffuse, dull, and constant. She also endorses constipation over this time. The patient's mother says the patient has become increasingly self-conscious of her appe... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 66-year-old white man comes to the physician because of a 10-day history of fatigue and lower leg swelling. Over the past 6 months, he has had a 3.6-kg (8-lb) weight loss. He has chronic bronchitis and uses an albuterol inhaler as needed. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 44 years and drink... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An 80-year-old male with known metastatic prostate cancer presents to your office with vague complaints of "achy bones." Strangely, he refers to you using the name of another physician. On physical exam, he is afebrile, but mildly tachycardic at 100 beats/min. Mucous membranes are dry. Cardiac exam shows ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A new drug is designed to treat asthma by inhibiting bronchoconstriction. Experimental assays show that treated animals had markedly reduced acetylcholine binding to muscarinic receptors relative to untreated controls. The drug is most similar to which of the following: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cromolyn B) Za... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 34-year-old man presents to the outpatient clinic with a complaint of right-sided jaw pain. The onset of pain was approx. 1 month ago and he is experiencing symptoms 2–3 times a day. Each episode of pain lasts for about 30 seconds. He describes the pain as severe (9 out of 10) with an electric and sharp... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 17-year-old African-American male presents to his family physician after noticing red-tinged urine the week before, when he was suffering from a cold. The patient states that he had experienced that before. His father is with him and says that this happens to him on occasion as well. What is the most li... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother for a well-child examination. At the visit, the mother says that she is worried about the child's vision because of an “eye condition that runs in the family.” She says that the child is doing well in all activities at his preschool, except one in... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 71-year-old African American man with a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma presents to his oncologist with low back pain. He was diagnosed with non-resectable prostatic adenocarcinoma 4 years ago. He has undergone radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Over the past 3 months, he has developed constant mil... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 44-year-old Caucasian male presents with a fever, recent weight loss, and a cough productive of bloody sputum. A chest X-ray and CT scan were performed, revealing cavities near the apex of his lungs. The patient is started on rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol and pyrazinamide. Formation of the cavities in... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 48-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a 6-month history of increasing joint pain and stiffness. He says that the pain is primarily located in his knees and occurs in sharp bursts that are accompanied by redness and warmth. His past medical history is significant for diabetes though... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 58-year-old chronic smoker known to have chronic bronchitis for the last 20 years presents to his physician for a scheduled follow-up visit. He mentions that over the last month he has been having difficulty breathing, especially after climbing stairs. He also says that he has had similar episodes in th... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 70-year-old man presents to the clinic with right-sided chest pain and difficulty breathing for the past 10 days. When it began, the pain was mild, but as time went on, it increased to a level at which the man found it difficult to breathe. Two years ago, he was diagnosed with clear cell carcinoma of th... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 1-month-old boy is brought in by his mother for episodes of “not breathing.” She reports noticing that the patient will occasionally stop breathing while he’s sleeping, and that these episodes have been occurring more frequently. The patient was born at 32 weeks due to placental insufficiency. He was in... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 63-year-old man presents to his family physician with limited movement in his left shoulder that has progressed gradually over the past 6 years. He previously had pain when moving his shoulder, but the pain subsided a year ago and now he experiences the inability to fully flex, abduct, and rotate his le... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 32-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of sharp chest pain for 3 days. The pain is retrosternal, 8 out of 10 in intensity, increases with respiration, and decreases while sitting upright and leaning forward. He has nausea and myalgia. He has not had fever or a cough. He has asthma and... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 48-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of an itchy rash. He has no history of skin problems. He had an upper respiratory infection 4 days ago that resolved with acetaminophen and over-the-counter cold medication. He has type I diabetes mellitus well-controlled with insulin. He... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 56-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of back pain for the past 1 month. The pain is described as a dull ache that intensifies intermittently to an 8/10 in severity about 1-2 times a day. It intensified about 2 weeks ago following a fall during a ski trip. He reports that he noticed some pain ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 75-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 20 minutes after an episode of being unconscious. He was playing with his 3-year-old granddaughter when he suddenly fell down and was unresponsive for 1-minute. He responded normally after regaining consciousness. He has had episodes of mild chest p... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 37-year-old male presents to general medical clinic reporting sleeping difficulties. He states that he has daytime sleepiness, having fallen asleep several times while driving his car recently. He sometimes experiences very vivid dreams just before awakening. You ask the patient's wife if she has witnes... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 30-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after being found unconscious in her bedroom by her roommate. The roommate says the patient has type 1 diabetes and takes her insulin regularly. Her pulse is 110/min, the respiratory rate is 24/min, the temperature is 36.6°C (97.9°F),... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 75-year-old man presents to the physician with progressive difficulty reading over the past year. Currently, he avoids driving as he has trouble reading road signs. He has no history of a serious illness and takes no medications. The fundoscopic examination shows localized retinal elevation and drusen. ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 44-year-old woman comes to her primary care physician with complaints of irritation and a gritty sensation in her eyes for the past few months. She denies any discharge from her eyes. She has no significant past medical or surgical history. She takes multivitamins occasionally but denies use of any othe... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> The medical student on the pediatric cardiology team is examining a 9-year-old girl who was referred by her primary care physician for unexplained hypertension. She is accompanied by her mother who reveals that the child is generally well but has been significantly less active than her peers for the past ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old woman comes to the emergency department complaining of abdominal pain for the past day. The pain is situated in the right upper quadrant, colicky, 8/10, and radiates to the tip of the right shoulder with no aggravating or relieving factors. The pain is associated with nausea but no vomiting.... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 3-week history of generalized fatigue and easy bruising. During the past week, she has also had fever and severe leg pain that wakes her up at night. Her temperature is 38.3°C (100.9°F), pulse is 120/min, and respirations are 30/min. Examination s... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of a burning sensation when urinating and increased urinary frequency. She is concerned about having contracted a sexually transmitted disease. Physical examination shows suprapubic tenderness. Urinalysis shows a negative nitrite test a... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 2-day-old male infant is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after his parents noticed that he was convulsing and unresponsive. He was born at home and appeared well initially; however, within 24 hours he became increasingly irritable and lethargic. Furthermore, he stopped feeding and began... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old man presents to his physician with a 3-year history of gradually worsening tics and difficulty walking. He was last seen by the physician 5 years ago for anxiety, and he has been buying anti-anxiety medications from an internet website without a prescription as he cannot afford to pay for do... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 32-year-old man who recently emigrated from Somalia comes to the physician because of a 4-week history of fever, cough, and chest pain. He has had a 5-kg (11-lb) weight loss over the last 3 months despite no changes in appetite. His temperature is 38.1°C (100.6°F). Physical examination shows enlarged ce... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 1-year-old immigrant girl presents to her pediatrician for a routine well-child check. She has not received any recommended vaccines since birth. She attends daycare and remains healthy despite her daily association with several other children for the past 3 months at a home daycare facility. Which of t... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A pharmaceutical company has modified one of its existing antibiotics to have an improved toxicity profile. The new antibiotic blocks protein synthesis by first entering the cell and then binding to active ribosomes. The antibiotic mimics the structure of aminoacyl-tRNA. The drug is covalently bonded to t... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 22-year-old man comes to the physician because of multiple nodules on his hands that first appeared a few months ago. He works as a computer game programmer. His father died of a myocardial infarction at 37 years of age, and his mother has rheumatoid arthritis. A photograph of the les... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A previously healthy 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after collapsing during soccer practice. His father died of sudden cardiac arrest at the age of 36 years. The patient appears well. His pulse is 73/min and blood pressure is 125/78 mm Hg. Cardiac examination is shown. A... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old man presents with a 3-day history of right-sided flank pain due to a lodged ureteral stone. What changes would be expected to be seen at the level of glomerular filtration? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Increase in glomerular capillary oncotic pressure B) Increase in Bowman's space hydrostatic pressu... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by police at 2:00 AM. They picked him up from a local nightclub, where he was yelling and threatening to fight the staff. A review of his medical record is unremarkable. At the hospital, his behavior continues to be agitated and bizarre. His tempera... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old man presents to a physician with a 3-year history of gradually worsening tics and difficulty walking. He was last seen by the physician 5 years ago for anxiety and has been purchasing anti-anxiety medications from an internet website without a prescription because he cannot afford to pay for... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old woman comes to the physician because of sadness that started 6 weeks after her 9-month-old daughter was born. Since then, she has not returned to work. Her daughter usually sleeps through the night, but the patient still has difficulty staying asleep. She is easily distracted from normal dai... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 34-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of pain in her right thumb and wrist that radiates to her elbow. It is worse when she holds her infant son and improves with the use of an ice pack. Six months ago, she slipped on a wet floor and fell on her right outstretched hand. H... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 24-year-old woman comes to the physician because of bothersome hair growth on her face and abdomen over the past 8 years. She does not take any medications. She is 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) tall and weighs 85 kg (187 lb); BMI is 32 kg/m2. Physical examination shows coarse dark hair on the upper lip and periumb... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 20 minutes after being rescued from a fire in his apartment complex. He thinks he might have briefly lost consciousness while he was trapped in a smoke-filled room before firefighters were able to free him 20 minutes later. He reports headache, dizz... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his mother because of erratic behavior over the past 6 months. He spends most of his time alone in his room because he believes he is being followed by the Secret Service. He was fired from his job 3 months ago after threatening a colleague. He a... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 59-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents to his cardiologist for a follow-up visit. His past medical history is notable for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. He takes metformin, glyburide, aspirin, lisinopril, and metoprolol. He has a 40 pack-year smoking history a... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 3-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department for 2 days of abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. This morning her stool had a red tint. She and her parents visited a circus 1 week ago. The patient attends daycare. Her immunizations are up-to-date. Her temperature is 38°C (100.4°F), pulse is 140/... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 50-year-old man is brought in by ambulance to the emergency department with difficulty breathing and speaking. His wife reports that he might have swallowed a fishbone. While taking his history the patient develops a paroxysmal cough. Visualization of his oropharynx and larynx shows a fishbone lodged in... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 61-year-old male presents to the ER with abdominal discomfort and malaise over the past 2 weeks. He states he is married and monogamous. He has a temperature of 39.4°C (102.9°F) and complains of night sweats as well. On physical exam, he has an enlarged spleen with mild tenderness and pale nail beds. Th... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 38-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of epigastric pain and multiple episodes of vomiting for 4 hours. Initially, the vomit was yellowish in color, but after the first couple of episodes it was streaked with blood. He had 2 episodes of vomiting that contained streaks of frank blood ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 16-year-old girl comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of nausea, increased urinary frequency, and breast tenderness. She has never had a menstrual period. She is actively involved in her school's track and field team. She is 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) tall and weighs 54 kg (120 lb); BMI is 18 kg/m... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 28-year-old man presents to his primary care provider complaining of intermittent stomach pain, non-bloody diarrhea, and weight loss for the last 3 months. He has occasional abdominal pain and fever. This condition makes studying difficult. He has tried omeprazole and dietary changes with no improvement... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 60-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband because of worsening shortness of breath over the past 2 days. Last week, she had a sore throat and a low-grade fever. She has coughed up white sputum each morning for the past 2 years. She has hypertension and type 2 diabetes melli... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 32-year-old nulliparous woman with polycystic ovary syndrome comes to the physician for a pelvic examination and Pap smear. Last year she had a progestin-releasing intrauterine device placed. Menarche occurred at the age of 10 years. She became sexually active at the age of 14 years. Her mother had brea... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 17-year-old girl comes to the physician for a scheduled colonoscopy. She was diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis at the age of 13 years. Last year, her flexible sigmoidoscopy showed 12 adenomatous polyps (< 6 mm) that were removed endoscopically. Her father and her paternal grandmother were di... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A codon is an mRNA sequence consisting of 3 nucleotides that codes for an amino acid. Each position can be made up of any 4 nucleotides (A, U, G, C); therefore, there are a total of 64 (4 x 4 x 4) different codons that can be created but they only code for 20 amino acids. This is explained by the wobble p... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A researcher is conducting a study to compare fracture risk in male patients above the age of 65 who received annual DEXA screening to peers who did not receive screening. He conducts a randomized controlled trial in 900 patients, with half of participants assigned to each experimental group. The research... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 25-year-old woman with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia presents to the emergency room stating that she is pregnant. She says that she has been pregnant since she was 20 years old and is expecting a baby now that she is breathing much harder and feeling more faint with chest pain caused by deep breath... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 71-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of fatigue and a cough productive of a blood-tinged phlegm. Over the past month, he has had a 5.0-kg (11-lb) weight loss. He has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eight months ago, he underwent a kidney transplantation. The pati... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 61-year-old-male underwent deceased donor liver transplantation 3 weeks ago. During his follow up visit he complains of nausea and abdominal pain. He has been taking all of his medications as prescribed. He has a history of alcohol abuse and his last drink was one year ago. He does not smoke cigarettes ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent nephrolithiasis and chronic lower back pain presents to the ER with severe, sudden-onset, upper abdominal pain. The patient is febrile, hypotensive, and tachycardic, and is rushed to the OR for exploratory laporotomy. Surgery reveals that the patient ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 32-year-old woman comes to the physician because of pain and stiffness in both of her hands for the past 3 weeks. The pain is most severe early in the day and does not respond to ibuprofen. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A peripheral artery is found to have 50% stenosis. Therefore, compared to a normal artery with no stenosis, by what factor has the flow of blood been decreased? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 2 B) 4 C) 16 D) 32 ---- <<Answer:>> | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 23-year-old woman presents to her physician requesting the chickenpox vaccine. She is also complaining of nausea, malaise, and moderate weight gain. She developed these symptoms gradually over the past 2 weeks. She reports no respiratory or cardiovascular disorders. Her last menstruation was about 6 wee... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 20-year-old Caucasian male presents with recurrent nosebleeds. Complete history reveals his father died in his 40's after an intracranial hemorrhage and two of his father's five siblings have also had recurrent nosebleeds. Which of the following would you expect to find in this patient? ---- <<Choices:>... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 55-year-old man presents with a bilateral lower leg edema. The patient reports it developed gradually over the past 4 months. The edema is worse in the evening and improves after sleeping at night or napping during the day. There are no associated pain or sensitivity changes. The patient also notes dysp... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 39-year-old G3P0 woman presents for preconception counseling and evaluation. The patient’s past medical history reveals hypertension and type 1 diabetes. She is currently on an insulin pump and medications for hypertension including labetalol. Her blood pressure is 130/85 mm Hg; pulse, 76/min; and BMI, ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 71-year-old woman comes to the physician because of palpitations and shortness of breath that started 3 days ago. She has hypertension and congestive heart failure. Her pulse is 124/min, and blood pressure is 130/85 mm Hg. Cardiac examination shows an irregularly irregular rhythm without any murmurs. An... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 5-year-old African American female has experienced recurrent respiratory infections. To determine how well her cell-mediated immunity is performing, a Candida skin injection is administered. After 48 hours, there is no evidence of induration at the injection site. Of the following cell types, which one ... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 62-year-old man comes to the physician for an annual health maintenance examination. He has a history of stable angina, gout, and hypertension. His medications include lisinopril and aspirin. He has smoked a pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years. He drinks 5–6 beers on the weekends. His blood pressure i... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old woman comes to the pediatrician’s office with her 17-year-old daughter. She tells the physician that she developed Sjögren’s syndrome when she was her daughter’s age, and that she is concerned about her daughter developing the same condition. The girl appears to be in good health, with no si... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 40-year-old male presents to his primary care physician complaining of upper abdominal pain. He reports a four-month history of crampy epigastric pain that improves with meals. His past medical history is significant for hypertension that has been well controlled by lisinopril. He does not smoke and dri... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A group of microbiological investigators is studying bacterial DNA replication in E. coli colonies. While the cells are actively proliferating, the investigators stop the bacterial cell cycle during S phase and isolate an enzyme involved in DNA replication. An assay of the enzyme's exonuclease activity de... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 33-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of fatigue and worsening shortness of breath on exertion. There is no family history of serious illness. She does not smoke. She takes diethylpropion to control her appetite and, as a result, has had a 4.5-kg (10-lb) weight loss during... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An investigator is studying the outcomes of a malaria outbreak in an endemic region of Africa. 500 men and 500 women with known malaria exposure are selected to participate in the study. Participants with G6PD deficiency are excluded from the study. The clinical records of the study subjects are reviewed ... | D |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 45-year-old man comes to his primary care provider for a routine visit. The patient mentions that while he was cooking 5 days ago, he accidentally cut himself with a meat cleaver and lost the skin at the tip of his finger. After applying pressure and ice, the bleeding stopped and he did not seek treatme... | B |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An otherwise healthy 56-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-year history of intermittent upper abdominal pain. She has had no nausea, vomiting, or change in weight. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies are within normal limits. Abdominal ultrasonography shows a ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> An excisional biopsy is performed and the diagnosis of superficial spreading melanoma is confirmed. The lesion is 1.1 mm thick. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Surgical excision with 0.5-1 cm safety margins only B) Surgical excision with 1-2 cm ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 52-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He has not seen a physician for 10 years. He works as a telemarketer and does not exercise. Cardiac examination shows a dull, low-pitched sound during late diastole that is best heard at the apex. The sound is loudest i... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician because of vaginal discharge for 3 days. She has no dysuria, dyspareunia, pruritus, or burning. The patient is sexually active with two male partners and uses condoms inconsistently. She often douches between sexual intercourse. Pelvic examination shows thin and ... | C |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 31-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of nausea, abdominal discomfort, and yellow discoloration of the eyes. Six weeks ago, he had an episode of fever, joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, and an itchy rash on his trunk and extremities that persisted for 1 to 2 days. He returned ... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 49-year-old woman comes to the physician because of difficulty walking and dizziness for the past 2 weeks. She has also had fatigue, heartburn, and diarrhea for 4 months. The stools are foul-smelling and do not flush easily. Over the past 4 months, she has had a 2.2-kg (5-lb) weight loss. Her only medic... | A |
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice: | <<Question:>> A 58-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after developing acute confusion, severe headache, and vomiting. Physical examination shows left-sided numbness. A CT scan of her head shows a large intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Despite appropriate treatment, the patient dies. Autopsy s... | C |
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