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Please answer the question as a medical doctor.
What are Black Death Plague Diagnosis?
Your doctor might suspect you've been infected with plague if you have certain symptoms and live in an area where animals are known to carry it or have visited such a place recently.
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What are Black Death Plague Treatment?
If you’ve been in an area with the plague and have symptoms, get to a doctor right away. Hours can make a difference. If you’ve been around someone who has the plague, your doctor may start treatment even if you don’t have symptoms. If you must be near the person, wear tight-fitting disposable surgical masks so you wo...
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What are Black Death Plague Prevention?
There’s no vaccine for the plague in the U.S. So if you have a chance of contact with plague germs, take steps to protect yourself. If you travel to Africa, Asia, or South America, check for traveler notices about plague outbreaks on the CDC website. Avoid areas with the plague if you can, and stay away from sick or d...
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What Is a Black Eye?
A black eye is a bruise to the eyelid skin usually caused by an injury to the face. It may also involve broken blood vessels in the white of the eye itself, called a subconjunctival hemorrhage. The discoloration and swelling happen because blood and other fluids collect in the eye area.Like many bruises, a "shiner" is ...
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What Causes a Black Eye?
Most black eyes are the result of blunt trauma that causes bleeding beneath the thin eyelid skin, producing the characteristic black and blue discoloration. A fracture deep inside the skull can also result in raccoon eyes, even if the eye area itself isn't injured.
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How long does it take for a black eye to heal?
A black eye could lastanywhere from 1 to 3 weeks, depending on how bad your injury was and how quickly your body tends to heal. While you're healing, avoid contact sports and other activities that could lead to further injury. If it's not gone by week 3, see an eye doctor.
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Why did I randomly wake up with a black eye?
A black eye doesn't always appear right away after trauma to the face. In the first black eye stages, your eye might just look a little red, with swelling and discoloration showing up later on. If you had a blow to the face the day before, that's probably the explanation. Allergies can alsolead to what's called "allerg...
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What are Black Eye Symptoms?
The signs of a blackeyeinclude bruising and swelling of the eyelid and soft tissue around the eye. It might be hard to open your eye all the way, and your vision could be temporarily blurry. The discoloration around your eye starts out deep purple or blue. Then it may turn green or yellow before disappearing, usually i...
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What are When to Worry About a Black Eye?
When to seek emergency care for a black eye Get medical care right away if you have a black eye and: • You've had a head injury. • You fainted or lost consciousness after an accident or injury. • You havedouble visionorvision loss. • You can't move your eyeball in all directions. • There's blood on the surface of...
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What are Black Eye Diagnosis?
If you have a single black eye without other symptoms after a blow to your face, you can probably diagnose it yourself. Most of the time, doctors diagnose a black eye with a simple physical exam. They'll check your vision and see how well your eyes can move. They'll examine your eyes and shine a light in them to see i...
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What are Black Eye Treatment?
Most people with black eyes can treat them with self-care at home. An ice pack can reduce pain and selling. On the same day you get your black eye, apply it to your eye area once an hour for 15-20 minutes at a time. In a pinch, you can use a bag of frozen peas or other vegetables in place of an ice pack. But it's a my...
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What are How to Get Rid of a Black Eye Fast?
Home treatments like using cold and warm packs and keeping your head raised can help your black eye to heal. But unfortunately, there's no proven way to speed up the process. There's some evidence that vitamin C or the herb arnica -- either taken as supplements or applied to the skin -- might reduce bruising. But we ne...
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What are Black Eye Prevention?
Some ways to reduce your risk of an injury that could cause a black eye include: • Always wear your seat belt while riding in a car. • If you're at risk of work-related injuries, wear goggles, a face shield, or other protective gear. • If you or your child play a sport that can lead toeye injury, such as baseball or...
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What are Black Eye Takeaways?
A black eye is a bruise to the skin around your eyelid, most often caused by a blow to the face. They're usually not serious and go away in a week or two with home care. But if you also have other symptoms, like vision problems, bleeding, orbruising around both eyes, it's important to get medical help.
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What are Black Eye FAQs?
Why did I randomly wake up with a black eye? A black eye doesn't always appear right away after trauma to the face. In the first black eye stages, your eye might just look a little red, with swelling and discoloration showing up later on. If you had a blow to the face the day before, that's probably the explanation. A...
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What Causes Black Hairy Tongue?
A black hairy tongue is caused by too much bacteria or yeast growth in themouth. The bacteria build up on tiny rounded projections called papillae. These lie along the surface of the tongue. Instead of shedding as they normally do, the papillae start to grow and lengthen, creatinghair-like projections. They can grow to...
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What Are the Symptoms of Black Hairy Tongue?
Other than the appearance of the tongue, most people with black hairy tongue don't have any symptoms or feel any discomfort. The exception is when there is too much growth of the yeastCandidaalbicans, which can cause a burning sensation on the tongue. This burning sensation is called glossopyrosis.
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How Is Black Hairy Tongue Treated?
Practicing good oral hygiene is the best way to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush yourteethtwice a day with a softtoothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. You can use a tongue scraper to make sure you're thoroughly cleaning the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help keep your mouth clean.
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What are Lung Diseases Affecting the Airways?
Your windpipe (trachea) branches into tubes called bronchi, which in turn become smaller tubes throughout your lungs. Diseases that can affect these airways include: • Asthma.Your airways are constantly inflamed and may spasm, causingwheezingand shortness of breath.Allergies, infections, or pollution can trigger asthm...
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What are Lung Diseases Affecting the Air Sacs (Alveoli)?
Your airways branch into tiny tubes (bronchioles) that end in clusters of air sacs called alveoli. These air sacs make up most of your lung tissue. Lung diseases affecting your alveoli include: • Pneumonia.An infection of your alveoli, usually by bacteria or viruses, including the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. • ...
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What are Lung Diseases Affecting the Interstitium?
The interstitium is the thin, delicate lining between your alveoli. Tiny blood vessels run through the interstitium and let gas transfer between the alveoli and your blood. Various lung diseases affect the interstitium: • Interstitial lung disease(ILD).This is a group of lung conditions that includessarcoidosis,idiopa...
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What are Lung Diseases Affecting Blood Vessels?
The right side of yourheartgets low-oxygen blood from your veins. It pumps blood into your lungs through the pulmonaryarteries. These blood vessels can have diseases, as well. • Pulmonary embolism (PE).Ablood clot(usually in a deep leg vein, calleddeep vein thrombosis) breaks off, travels to yourheart, and gets pumped...
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What are Lung Diseases Affecting the Pleura?
The pleura is the thin lining that surrounds your lung and lines the inside of your chest wall. A tiny layer of fluid lets the pleura on your lung's surface slide along the chest wall with each breath. Lung diseases of the pleura include: • Pleural effusion.Fluid collects in the space between your lung and the chest w...
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What Do Black Widow Spiders Eat?
The black widow spider's web helps it trap things to eat. They'll eat other spiders -- including black widows -- and all kinds of insects. They're capable of killing things much larger than themselves,  such as cicadas and scorpions. If they can't find live prey, they'll eat dead insects.
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Where are black widows found?
Indoors, they prefer dark corners or crevices, like garages, crawl spaces, and basements. Outdoors, they're likely to be in woodpiles and hollow stumps, and under rocks. You also might find them in a dark, undisturbed place like a water meter box. Other hiding places include under furniture, inside boxes, and in draina...
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What does a bite from a black widow feel like?
You may not feel the initial bite, or it might feel like a pinprick.
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How poisonous is a black widow spider?
Reactions to black widow bites can be mild or life-threatening. Children and older people are more at risk of serious complications. No deaths have been reported in the U.S. from black widow bites.
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What happens if you get bitten by a black widow?
You might not feel much at first. Then the bite may turn red and swollen, and pain may start to spread away from the site of the bite. You might feel muscle aches in your abdomen, back, or chest. More serious symptoms include nausea, sweating, trouble breathing, and weak limbs.
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How does black widow poison affect humans?
When a black widow bites you, it injects a neurotoxin that affects your nerves.
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What are Black Widow Spider Bite Symptoms?
The black widow spider makes a venom that affects yournervous system. Some people are slightly affected by it, but others may have a serious response. The bite might leave two fang marks. Other symptoms include: • Muscles that begin to hurt and get stiff, usually within 8 hours • Nauseaorvomiting • Trouble breathin...
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What are Black Widow Spider Bite Stages?
Whether you felt the bite or not, your symptoms may progress this way: Shortly after the bite.You may start to feel pain at the site of the bite. The area around it might swell and turn red. You might have a spot that looks like a target. 15 minutes to 1 hour after the bite.Pain may start to spread from the bite to o...
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What are Black Widow Bite Treatment?
Many of the symptoms of ablack widow bitecan look like those of other conditions. But if you think you’ve been bitten by this spider, call your doctor or a poison control center right away. IMPORTANT:If you suspect your child was bitten by a black widow, get them to the emergency room. These bites can be fatal in youn...
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What are Spiders That Look Like Black Widows?
False black widow spiders.The females are about the same size as black widows, but they don't have the red marking on the abdomen. They're common in the Southern and Western U.S. Brown widow spider.These spiders also are found in the Southern and Western U.S. They're tan rather than black. Brown widows can look a lot ...
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What are Black Widow Spider Bite Takeaways?
Black widow spiders like dark, hidden places. You might find them inside living in boxes or under things. Outdoors, they might be in woodpiles or under rocks. Females have a distinctive red hourglass on their abdomens. They will bite to protect their eggs. You might not feel the bite at first, or it might feel like a p...
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What are Black Widow Spider FAQs?
How poisonous is a black widow spider? Reactions to black widow bites can be mild or life-threatening. Children and older people are more at risk of serious complications. No deaths have been reported in the U.S. from black widow bites. What happens if you get bitten by a black widow?
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What Is Bladder Cancer?
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How Do I Know If I Have Bladder Cancer?
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What Are the Stages of Bladder Cancer?
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What are Top Search Terms for Bladder Cancer?
• Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer • Radiation Therapy • Cystoscopy
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Bladder Infections in Children: What Are the Signs and Symptoms?
In older kids, the symptoms are often clear. The main symptoms arepainin the lower belly, back, or side or while peeing, and an urgent need to pee or pee more often. Some kids who already have been toilet trained lose control over their bladder and may wet the bed. You may even see drops of blood in the urine, and/or t...
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Bladder Infections in Children: What Are the Treatments for UTIs?
Antibiotics, mainly. Thesemedicationskill bacteria. Kids usually take them for anywhere from 3 to 10 days (most commonly 7-10 days). Your doctor might do anotherurine testafter your child finishes the medicine to see if the infection has cleared up.
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Bladder Infections in Children: How Can You Prevent UTIs in the Future?
Change your baby's diapers often to prevent bacteria from growing. As your child gets older, teach them good bathroom habits to prevent UTIs. Instruct girls to wipe from front to back. This helps to prevent bacteria in poop from getting into thevaginaand urinary tract. Encourage your kids to go to the bathroom as soon ...
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What Are Bladder Infections?
Bladder infectionshave a way of getting your attention. You make countless trips to the bathroom, and still you feel like you have to go again. And once you’re in there, instead of mindlessly going about your business, you feel burning or stinging every time you pee.
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What are Bladder Infections in Teens and Adults Causes?
The main culprits are bacteria, usuallyE. coli. These bacteria live on yourskinand in yourintestinesand most of the time, they’re not a problem. Everyone has them. But if they get into the urethra, they can end up in the bladder and cause an infection. Bladder infections are more common in women than men for several r...
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What are Types of Head Injuries?
There are many different types of head injuries. • Concussion.This is the most common type of head injury. A concussion is a type of traumaticbraininjury (TBI) that happens when thebrainis jarred or shaken hard enough to bounce against the skull. It can range from mild to severe. You don't have to be hit in the head t...
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What are Head Injury Causes?
The most common causes of head injuries are: • Car or motorcycle accidents • Falls • Child abuse • Acts of violence A concussion or other head injury can also happen when two athletes collide or a player is hit in the head with a piece of sporting equipment. In soccer, even "heading" the ball can cause a concussio...
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What are Head Injury Signs and Symptoms?
Signs and symptoms of a concussion may show up immediately, or they can take hours or even days to show up. You don’t always lose consciousness with a concussion. A concussion causes changes in a person's mental status and can disrupt the normal functioning of the brain. Multipleconcussionscan have a long-lasting, life...
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What are Head Injury Treatment?
If you think you may have a concussion or suspect that someone else has one, the most important step to take is to prevent further injury. Stop whatever activity you are involved in and tell someone you think you may have been injured. Then get medical attention. If you're playing as part of a team, ask to be taken out...
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What are Head Injury Risk Prevention?
The most important step to take is to buy and properly use protective head gear that has been approved by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Be sure to buy the right size for a proper fit and to wear the helmet or headgear properly. According to the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, hel...
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What is Blepharitis (Eyelid Inflammation)?
Blepharitis(blef-uh-RYE-tis) isinflammationof the eyelids, usually affecting both eyes at the same time. You don’t have to worry about it being contagious though – it’s not. Blepharitis is a common condition, affecting about 15%-25% of people. Overall, it affects both men and women, but one type, staphylococcal blephar...
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What Is Blepharitis?
Blepharitis(blef-uh-RYE-tis) isinflammationof the eyelids, usually affecting both eyes at the same time. You don’t have to worry about it being contagious though – it’s not. Blepharitis is a common condition, affecting about 15%-25% of people. Overall, it affects both men and women, but one type, staphylococcal blephar...
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Is blepharitis contagious?
Blepharitis may look like it can be contagious, but it’s not.
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How long does blepharitis last?
Acute blepharitis, caused by an infection, for example, may go away once you’ve taken care of the cause. Blepharitis that is chronic has no cure. The symptoms come and go, but you might help shorten the time with good eyelid hygiene and seeing your doctor if the symptoms don’t go away.
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Does blepharitis go away on its own?
The symptoms may improve, but blepharitis doesn’t completely go away on its own because it's a chronic condition.
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Is there a cure for blepharitis?
No, there is no cure for blepharitis.
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What is the main cause of blepharitis?
The most common cause of blepharitis is bacteria.
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What is the best treatment for blepharitis?
The best way to treat or manage blepharitis that is not severe is with good eyelid hygiene (using a mild baby shampoo and water mix to gently clean your eyelids). Also, it is important to avoid eye makeup during a flare-up.
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What are Types of Blepharitis?
When the outside front edge of your eyelid (where your eyelashes are) is inflamed, this is called anterior blepharitis. When it’s the inner edge of your eyelid, the part that touches your eyeball, this is posterior blepharitis. It’s possible to have both at the same time. These types of blepharitis can be: • Demodex ...
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What are Blepharitis Symptoms?
If you have blepharitis, it’s likely on both eyelids. Common symptoms are: • Feeling like there’s something in youreyes • Frequent blinking • Dry eyes • Watering eyes • Burning or stinging in youreyes • Redness along the edges of the eyelids • Swollen eyelids • Flaky skin around your eyes • Itchiness • Crusti...
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What are Blepharitis Causes?
Blepharitis causes usually depend on the type you have — anterior blepharitis or posterior blepharitis. One type of anterior blepharitis, staphylococcal blepharitis, is caused by bacteria. The bacteria are naturally on the skin of your face and eyelids. Sometimes, there are too many though, and this can cause blephari...
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What are Blepharitis Risk Factors?
Anyone can get blepharitis but some people have a higher risk of getting it or getting it more often. These include people who: • Have oily skin • Have a lot of bacteria on the skin • Keep their eye makeup on for too long or don’t remove it properly • Wear contact lenses • Are exposed to dust and irritating chemic...
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What are Blepharitis Diagnosis?
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms. They might also: • Look closely at your eyelids, youreyelashes, and the texture of your skin. • Use a magnifying device to look at the edges of your eyelashes, eyelids, and the openings of the glands. • Check that youreyesare making enough tears. • Take a sample of material...
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What are Blepharitis Self-Care?
There’s no cure for blepharitis. But you might be able to manage and treat it by taking care of your eyelids. Warm compresses can help soften crusts and loosen oily debris. Follow these steps: • Wet a clean washcloth in warm (not hot)water. • Wring it out and place it over your closed eyelids for 5 minutes. • Wet i...
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What are Blepharitis Treatment?
Your doctor will have to determine what type of blepharitis you have and its cause. Your doctor might recommend: • Medicated eye drops called lotilaner (Xdemvy). These FDA-approved drops target and kill mites on your eyelashes. • Artificial tears • Antibiotics, either as an ointment, drops, or a spray for your eyes,...
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What are Blepharitis Complications?
Theinflammationof blepharitis can lead to complications, such as: • Loss of eyelashes or eyelashes that grow in the wrong direction • Excess tears • Dry eyes, which might raise your chances of a cornea infection • Clogged glands that might get infected (stye) or form a lump (chalazion) • Scarring on your eyelids ...
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What are Blepharitis Prevention?
A few lifestyle changes might help keep blepharitis away. • Keep your eyelids clean. • Remove alleye makeupbefore bed. • Don’t use eyeliner on the back edges of your eyelids, behind the lashes. • If you’re in the early stages of treating blepharitis, prevent further irritation by not usingmakeup. • Once you start ...
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What are Blepharitis Takeaways?
Blepharitis can be annoying and distressing because of how it can make your eyes feel, but it’s not contagious and it’s not usually serious. While there’s no cure for blepharitis, you can often ease its symptoms and avoid it with good eyelid hygiene. This includes practices such as removing eye makeup properly every ni...
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What are Blepharitis FAQs?
How long does blepharitis last? Acute blepharitis, caused by an infection, for example, may go away once you’ve taken care of the cause. Blepharitis that is chronic has no cure. The symptoms come and go, but you might help shorten the time with good eyelid hygiene and seeing your doctor if the symptoms don’t go away. ...
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What Causes Blisters?
Friction.You can getblisterswhen something rubs against your skin, like a tool handle or a new pair of shoes. Unlikecornsand calluses, which show up after rubbing that's gone on for a long time, friction blisters come from brief, intense contact on a small area.
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What are How to Treat Your Blisters?
If you leave your blister alone, it often gets better in 1 or 2 weeks. While it's healing, stay away from the activity that brought on the blister. Some steps you can take to help the healing process: Put on a bandage.It protects your blister while it heals. Keep it padded.If your blister rubs up against your shoe, ...
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What are Blisters When to Call Your Doctor?
Be on the lookout for signs that your blister is infected. Call your doctor if it gets more painful or you notice: • Pus leaking out • Swelling • Redness
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What Are Blocked Tear Ducts?
You need tears for a lot more than crying. They flow across the surface of youreyesto clean and moisten them, then they leave youreyesthrough a system of tiny drainage tubes that run along your nose.
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What Are Tear Ducts?
Tear ducts are like tiny tunnels that your tears pass through. They’re part of the drainage system that goes from your eyes to your throat. Glands inside your eyelids and the white part of your eyes constantly release tears into your eyes. As you blink, they drain out. They exit through two small holes called puncta in...
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What are Blocked Tear Ducts Causes of Blockage?
Sometimes babies are born with blocked tear ducts. This happens because a piece of tissue that covers the duct doesn't open up at birth like it should. It will usually open on its own within a few months. Less often, tear ducts get blocked because the tear drainage system didn't form correctly in the womb. In adults,...
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What are Blocked Tear Ducts Treatments?
There are different ways to open a blocked tear duct. They range from massage to procedures that remove the blockage. • Massage. Rubbing the corners of your, or your baby's, eyes twice a day can release fluid and open up the tissue that covers the tear ducts. • Tear duct probing.If a tear duct doesn't open on its own...
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What Happens During a Blood Transfusion?
Your blood is made up of several different parts including red and white cells, plasma, and platelets. “Whole blood” refers to blood that has all of them. In some cases, you may need to have a transfusion that uses whole blood, but it’s more likely that you’ll need a specific component.
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What are Blood Types?
When you get a transfusion, the blood you’re given has to work with the type of blood you have (either A, B, AB, or O). Otherwise,antibodiesin your own blood will attack it, and cause problems. That’s why blood banks screen forblood type, Rh-factor (positive or negative), as well as anything that can cause infection. ...
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What are Types of Blood Transfusions?
There are several common kinds of blood cell transfusions: • A red blood cell transfusion may be used if you haveanemiaor aniron deficiency. • Platelets are tiny cells in the blood that help you stop bleeding. Aplatelettransfusion is used if your body doesn’t have enough of them, possibly because ofcancerorcancertrea...
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What are During the Transfusion?
You’ll likely go to your doctor’s office or a hospital to receive your blood transfusion. The new blood will be given to you through a needle and an IV line. You’ll be monitored in case there are any problems.
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What are Blood Transfusion Risks and Complications?
In general, blood transfusions are considered safe, but there are risks. Sometimes complications show up immediately, others take some time. Fever:It’s usually not considered serious if you get a fever 1 to 6 hours after your transfusion. But if you also feel nauseated or havechest pain, it could be something more ser...
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Body Piercings: Where should I go to get my piercing done?
A sterile environment is the most important thing to consider when deciding where to go to get pierced.
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Body Piercings: Should I get pierced with a piercing gun or a needle?
Needles are generally considered cleaner and easier to sterilize than piercing guns. Your piercer should only use a piercing gun that is for one-time use or has sterilized disposable cassettes.
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Body Piercings: What happens if my piercing becomes infected?
Some temporary pain or swelling is normal after a piercing. But if pain continues, it could mean an infection.
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What Are Bone Spurs?
Bone spurs (also called osteophytes) are smooth, hard bumps of extra bone that form on the ends of bones. They often pop up in the joints -- the places where two bones meet.
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What are Causes of Bone Spurs?
The most common cause of bone spurs is joint damage from osteoarthritisor degenerative joint disease. The cushioning between your joints and the bones of your spine can wear down with age.Rheumatoid arthritis,lupus, andgoutcan also damage your joints. Bone spurs also often form after an injury to a joint or tendon. Wh...
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What are Symptoms of Bone Spurs?
You might not realize you have a bone spur until you get an X-ray to look for another condition. They only cause problems when they press on nerves, tendons, or other structures in your body. Then, you might feel any of the following: • Pain in the affected joint • Pain or stiffness when you try to bend or move the a...
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What are Bone Spur Diagnosis?
Often, bone spurs are first evaluated by your regular doctor who will likely refer you to a specialist. You’ll probably need to see a rheumatologist or orthopedic doctor. Rheumatologists specialize in joint problems. Orthopedic doctors focus on the musculoskeletal system. Your doctor will feel the joint to check for a ...
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What are Bone Spur Treatments and Home Care?
To relieve pain and bring down swelling, you can try one of these over-the-counter pain relievers: • Acetaminophen (Tylenol) • Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) • Naproxen sodium (Aleve)
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What are Bone Spur Prevention?
Bone spurs usually can’t be prevented if they’re the result of the natural wear and tear of arthritis. But you can take these steps to avoid bone spurs caused by other things: • Wear shoes with a wide toe box, good arch support, and enough cushion to pad each step. Get your shoes fitted by a professional so they don't...
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Bone Tumor-Epidermoid Cyst-Polyposis: What Is Colorectal Cancer?
Inside your abdominal cavity is the long, tubular digestive tract. The second part of this tube -- the large intestine -- is composed of thecolon, which stretches 4 feet to 6 feet, and the rectum, which is only 4 inches to 6 inches long.
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Bone Tumor-Epidermoid Cyst-Polyposis: What Causes Colorectal Cancer?
The exactcause of colorectal canceris not known. But there are several risk factors for the disease.
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What Is Borderline Personality Disorder?
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious mental illness. It usually begins in your late teens or early 20s. More women have it than men. There's no known cause, but it's believed to be a combination of the way your brain is built and the things you experience in life.
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What are Bottle-Feeding Breastfeeding?
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) says breast milk is the best nutrition for infants. Babies should be only breastfed for the first 6 months, according to the AAP. After the baby begins to eat other foods, the AAP encourages mothers to continue to breastfeed until at least the baby’s first birthday, or longer if...
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What are Bottle-Feeding Formula Feeding?
Formula feeding is also a healthy choice for babies. If you use a formula, your baby will get the best possible alternative to breast milk. (You should not attempt to make your own formula or feed an infant cow's milk or another kind of milk.) Many moms choose formula for a variety of reasons: • It's convenient. Form...
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What are Bottle-Feeding Supplemental Feeding?
Your doctor may recommend that you both breastfeed and give your baby formula, or that you add powdered or liquid fortifiers to pumped breast milk. That may be needed if: • Your baby was born premature or with a very low birth weight and needs extra calories and nutrients • Your baby has trouble latching on to breast...
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Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: Should I Worry?
Mad cow disease or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) can cause a rare but fatal disease in people called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD). But the risk of getting vCJD from eating beef today is very low. (Photo Credit: DigitalVision/Getty Images)
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Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: What Is Mad Cow Disease?
Mad cow disease, or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), is a neurological disease in cattle that gets worse over time. Instead of viruses or bacteria, it's caused by an infection from an abnormal version of a protein, called a prion. For reasons still unknown, this protein becomes harmful and destroys nervous syste...
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Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: Does Mad Cow Disease Affect Humans?
When people get this disease, it isn't called mad cow. The human version of BSE is called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). There's strong evidence people can get vCJD by eating beef products with central nervous system tissue, such as brain and spinal cord, from cattle infected with mad cow disease.
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Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: What does mad cow disease look like in cattle?
A cow with BSE may have trouble walking or standing up. They may seemnervousor aggressive. But it usually takes 4-6 years after a cow is infected with prions for it to show any signs of illness. There's no test for BSE in a living cow either. Once symptoms show up, cows usually die within weeks or months.
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Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: Does cooking food kill the prion that causes mad cow disease?
Common methods to get rid of disease-causing organisms in food, such as heating, do not affect prions. You can't get rid of prions withalcohol, acid, boiling water, high heat, or radiation.
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