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Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hemophilia? | When a person bleeds, the body typically pools blood cells together to form a clot to stop the bleeding. Clotting factors are proteins in the blood that work with cells known as platelets to form clots. Hemophilia occurs when a clotting factor is missing or levels of the clotting factor are low. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hemophilia? | The biggest risk factor for hemophilia is to have family members who also have the disorder. Males are much more likely to have hemophilia than are females. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hemophilia? | Complications of hemophilia can include:
• Deep internal bleeding.Bleeding that occurs in deep muscle can cause the limbs to swell. The swelling can press on nerves and lead to numbness or pain. Depending on where the bleeding occurs, it could be life-threatening.
• Bleeding into the throat or neck.This can affect a ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hemorrhoids? | Hemorrhoids (HEM-uh-roids), also called piles, are swollen veins in the anus and lower rectum. Hemorrhoids are similar to varicose veins. Hemorrhoids can develop inside the rectum, called internal hemorrhoids. They also can develop under the skin around the anus, called external hemorrhoids.
There are several options ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hemorrhoids? | Symptoms of hemorrhoids usually depend on the type of hemorrhoid. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hemorrhoids? | The veins around the anus tend to stretch under pressure and may bulge or swell. Hemorrhoids can develop from increased pressure in the lower rectum due to:
• Straining during bowel movements.
• Sitting for long periods of time, especially on the toilet.
• Having chronic diarrhea or constipation.
• Being obese.
• ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hemorrhoids? | As people age, the risk of hemorrhoids increases. That's because the tissues that support the veins in the rectum and anus can weaken and stretch. This also can happen during pregnancy because the baby's weight puts pressure on the anal region. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hemorrhoids? | Complications of hemorrhoids are rare but may include:
• Anemia.Rarely, ongoing blood loss from hemorrhoids may cause anemia. Anemia is when there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the body's cells.
• Strangulated hemorrhoid.When the blood supply to an internal hemorrhoid is cut off, the hemorr... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Hemorrhoids? | The best way to prevent hemorrhoids is to keep your stools soft so they pass easily. To prevent hemorrhoids and reduce symptoms of hemorrhoids, follow these tips:
• Eat high-fiber foods.Eat more fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Doing so softens the stool and increases its bulk. This will help you avoid the straini... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hepatic encephalopathy? | Hepatic encephalopathy (huh-PAT-ik en-sef-uh-LOP-uh-thee) is a serious condition that occurs when the liver is unable to filter toxins from the blood, including ammonia from the intestines. A buildup of toxins affects the brain's ability to function. If left untreated or not treated successfully, hepatic encephalopathy... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hepatic encephalopathy? | Common symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy include:
• Trouble focusing or paying attention.
• Not knowing where you are.
• Sleepiness during the day or trouble sleeping at night.
• Memory loss or confusion.
• Flapping tremor in the limbs.
• Personality or mood changes.
• Slurred speech or movement.
• Falling int... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hepatic encephalopathy? | Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by a buildup of toxins, especially ammonia, when the liver can't filter waste from the blood. This buildup may result from:
• Alcohol use and conditions that arise from it, such as cirrhosis.
• Imbalances of electrolytes in the body, such as a low potassium or low sodium level.
• Inf... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hepatic encephalopathy? | You're more likely to develop hepatic encephalopathy if you have:
• Diabetes.
• Advanced liver disease, such as cirrhosis.
• Kidney disease.
• Epilepsy.
• Low muscle mass, sometimes called sarcopenia.
• Large portosystemic shunts in your liver.
• Low sodium or high ammonia levels in your blood.
• Certain geneti... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hepatic encephalopathy? | Some complications from hepatic encephalopathy may be very serious. Common complications include:
• Trouble with daily life or work.
• Falls and injuries.
• Lasting memory and attention problems.
• Trouble driving a car.
• Sleep disturbances.
• Hospitalizations.
• Coma.
• Death. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Hepatic encephalopathy? | It's possible to reduce your chances of getting hepatic encephalopathy by taking care of your health. Some ways to prevent hepatic encephalopathy include:
• Take prescription medicines as prescribed.
• Eat protein from plants and dairy.
• Avoid alcohol and sedating medicines.
• Avoid opioids.
• Stay hydrated.
• P... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hepatitis A? | Hepatitis A is a highly contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. The virus is one of several types of hepatitis viruses that cause liver inflammation and affect your liver's ability to function.
You're most likely to get hepatitis A from contaminated food or water or from close contact with a person... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hepatitis A? | Hepatitis A symptoms typically appear a few weeks after you've had the virus. But not everyone with hepatitis A develops symptoms. If you do, symptoms can include:
• Unusual tiredness and weakness
• Sudden nausea and vomiting and diarrhea
• Abdominal pain or discomfort, especially on the upper right side beneath you... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hepatitis A? | Hepatitis A is caused by a virus that infects liver cells and causes inflammation. The inflammation can affect how your liver works and cause other symptoms of hepatitis A.
The virus spreads when infected stool, even just tiny amounts, enters the mouth of another person (fecal-oral transmission). You may get hepatitis... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hepatitis A? | You're at increased risk of hepatitis A if you:
• Travel or work in areas of the world where hepatitis A is common
• Live with another person who has hepatitis A
• Are a man who has sexual contact with other men
• Have any type of sexual contact with someone who has hepatitis A
• AreHIVpositive
• Are homeless
• ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hepatitis A? | Unlike other types of viral hepatitis, hepatitis A does not cause long-term liver damage, and it doesn't become an ongoing (chronic) infection.
In rare cases, hepatitis A can cause a sudden (acute) loss of liver function, especially in older adults or people with chronic liver diseases. Acute liver failure requires a ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Hepatitis A? | The hepatitis A vaccine can prevent infection with the virus. The vaccine is typically given in two shots. The first shot is followed by a booster shot six months later. The hepatitis A vaccine can be given in a combination that includes the hepatitis B vaccine. This vaccine combination is given in three shots over six... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hepatitis B? | Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). For most people, hepatitis B is short term, also called acute. Acute hepatitis B lasts less than six months. But for others, the infection lasts more than six months and is called chronic. Chronic hepatitis B raises the risk of liver failur... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hepatitis B? | Symptoms of acute hepatitis B range from mild to serious. The symptoms usually start about 1 to 4 months after you've been infected withHBV. But you could notice them as early as two weeks after you're infected. Some people with acute or chronic hepatitis B may not have any symptoms, especially young children.
Hepatit... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hepatitis B? | Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The virus passes from person to person through blood, semen or other body fluids. It does not spread by sneezing or coughing.
Common ways thatHBVcan spread are:
• Sexual contact.You may get hepatitis B if you have sex with someone who is infected and you don't use... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hepatitis B? | The hepatitis B virus spreads through contact with blood, semen or other body fluids from an infected person. Your risk ofHBVinfection rises if you:
• Have sex without a condom with multiple sex partners or with someone who's infected withHBV.
• Share needles during the use of drugs injected into a vein.
• Are born ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hepatitis B? | Having a chronicHBVinfection can lead to serious health conditions called complications. These include:
• Scarring of the liver, also called cirrhosis.Swelling called inflammation is linked with hepatitis B. The inflammation can lead to cirrhosis that may prevent the liver from working as it should.
• Liver cancer.Pe... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Hepatitis B? | The hepatitis B vaccine is the main way to prevent infection withHBV. The vaccine is given as two shots one month apart, or three or four shots over six months. How many shots you get depends on the type of hepatitis B vaccine that you're given. You can't get hepatitis B from the vaccine.
In the United States, the Adv... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hepatitis C? | Hepatitis C is a viral infection that causes liver swelling, called inflammation. Hepatitis C can lead to serious liver damage. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) spreads through contact with blood that has the virus in it.
Newer antiviral medicines are the treatment of choice for most people with the ongoing, called chronic... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hepatitis C? | Every long-term hepatitis C infection starts with what's called an acute phase. Acute hepatitis C usually isn't diagnosed because it rarely causes symptoms. When there are symptoms in this phase, they may include jaundice, fatigue, nausea, fever and muscle aches.
Long-term infection with the hepatitis C virus is calle... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hepatitis C? | Hepatitis C infection is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The infection spreads when blood that has the virus enters the bloodstream of a person who isn't affected.
Around the world, hepatitis C infection exists in several forms, called genotypes. There are seven genotypes and 67 subtypes. The most common hepati... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hepatitis C? | Hepatitis C infection that continues over many years can cause serious complications, such as:
• Scarring of the liver, called cirrhosis.Scarring can occur after decades of hepatitis C infection. Liver scarring makes it hard for the liver to work.
• Liver cancer.A small number of people with hepatitis C infection get... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Hepatitis C? | The following might protect from hepatitis C infection:
• Stop using illegal drugs.If you use illegal drugs, seek help.
• Be careful about body piercing and tattooing.For piercing or tattooing, look for a shop that's known to be clean. Ask questions about how the equipment is cleaned. Make sure the employees use ster... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Liver cancer of Hepatocellular carcinoma? | • Symptoms&causes
• Diagnosis&treatment
• Doctors&departments
• Care atMayoClinic | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hepatopulmonary syndrome? | Hepatopulmonary (hep-uh-toe-POOL-moe-nar-e) syndrome is caused by blood vessels in the lungs expanding, also called dilating, and increasing in number. This condition affects the lungs of people who have advanced liver disease.
These changes in the lungs make it hard for red blood cells to take in oxygen. Then the lun... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hepatopulmonary syndrome? | Often, there are no symptoms of hepatopulmonary syndrome. If there are symptoms, they can include:
• Shortness of breath that's worse when sitting or standing and gets better when lying down.
• Clubbing of the fingers, in which the fingertips spread out and become rounder than usual.
• Broken blood vessels under the... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hepatopulmonary syndrome? | Hepatopulmonary syndrome is caused when blood vessels in and around the lungs widen, also called dilate. This affects the amount of oxygen that moves from the lungs into the bloodstream.
What causes this is not clear. And it's not known why some people with liver disease develop hepatopulmonary syndrome while others d... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia? | Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (tuh-lan-jee-uk-TAY-zhuh) is a condition that's passed through families, called inherited. It causes atypical links between arteries and veins called arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The most common sites AVMs affect are the skin, nose, digestive system, lungs, brain and liver.
... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia? | Symptoms of HHT include:
• Nosebleeds. These can happen every day. They often start in childhood.
• Lacy red vessels or tiny red spots, mostly on the lips, face, fingertips, tongue and inside the mouth. These are called telangiectasias.
• Iron deficiency anemia due to bleeding from the nose or intestinal tract.
• S... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia? | HHT is a condition of gene changes, called genetic, that you get from your parents. It is an autosomal dominant disorder. That means if one of your parents has HHT, you have a 50% chance of getting it. If you have HHT, each of your children has a 50% chance of getting it from you. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia? | The major risk factor for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is having a parent with the condition. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Herniated disk? | A herniated disk refers to a problem with one of the rubbery cushions, called disks, that sit between the bones that stack to make the spine. These bones are called vertebrae.
A spinal disk has a soft, jellylike center called a nucleus. The nucleus is encased in a tougher, rubbery exterior, known as the annulus. A her... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Herniated disk? | Most herniated disks occur in the lower back, but they also can occur in the neck. Symptoms depend on where the disk is sitting and whether the disk is pressing on a nerve. Herniated disks often affect one side of the body.
• Arm or leg pain.If your herniated disk is in your lower back, you'll typically feel pain in y... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Herniated disk? | Disk herniation is most often the result of a gradual, aging-related wear and tear called disk degeneration. As people age, the disks become less flexible and more prone to tearing or rupturing with even a minor strain or twist.
Most people can't pinpoint the cause of their herniated disk. Sometimes, using the back mu... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Herniated disk? | Factors that can increase the risk of a herniated disk include:
• Weight.Excess body weight causes extra stress on the disks in the lower back.
• Occupation.People with physically demanding jobs have a greater risk of back problems. Repetitive lifting, pulling, pushing, bending sideways and twisting also can increase... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Herniated disk? | Just above your waist, your spinal cord ends. What continues through the spinal canal is a group of long nerve roots that resembles a horse's tail, called the cauda equina.
Rarely, disk herniation can compress the entire spinal canal, including all the nerves of the cauda equina. In rare instances, emergency surgery m... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Herniated disk? | To help prevent a herniated disk, do the following:
• Exercise.Strengthening the trunk muscles stabilizes and supports the spine.
• Maintain good posture.This reduces pressure on your spine and disks. Keep your back straight and aligned, particularly when sitting for long periods. Lift heavy objects properly, making ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hiatal hernia? | Most small hiatal hernias cause no symptoms. But larger hiatal hernias can cause:
• Heartburn.
• Backward flow of swallowed food or liquids into the mouth, called regurgitation.
• Backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, called acid reflux.
• Trouble swallowing.
• Chest or abdominal pain.
• Feeling full soon ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hiatal hernia? | A hiatal hernia occurs when weakened muscle tissue allows your stomach to bulge up through your diaphragm. It's not always clear why this happens. But a hiatal hernia might be caused by:
• Age-related changes in your diaphragm.
• Injury to the area, for example, after trauma or certain types of surgery.
• Being born... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hiatal hernia? | Hiatal hernias are most common in people who are:
• Age 50 or older.
• Obese. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hiccups? | Hiccups are repeated spasms or sudden movements of the diaphragm that you can't control. The diaphragm is the muscle that separates your chest from your stomach area and plays an important role in breathing. A spasm in your diaphragm causes your vocal cords to suddenly close, producing a "hic" sound.
Eating a large me... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hiccups? | Symptoms include uncontrolled spasms in your diaphragm and a "hic" sound. Sometimes you may feel a slight tightening sensation in your chest, stomach area or throat. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hiccups? | The most common triggers for hiccups that last less than 48 hours include:
• Drinking carbonated beverages.
• Drinking too much alcohol.
• Eating too much.
• Being excited or under emotional stress.
• Experiencing sudden temperature changes.
• Swallowing air, such as when chewing gum or smoking.
Issues that may ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hiccups? | Males are much more likely to develop long-term hiccups than females. Other factors that may increase your risk of hiccups include:
• Mental or emotional issues.Anxiety, stress and excitement have been linked with some cases of hiccups.
• Surgery.Some people develop hiccups after general anesthesia or procedures that... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hiccups? | Ongoing hiccups may interfere with eating, drinking, sleeping and speaking. Hiccups also can worsen pain. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of High cholesterol? | Cholesterol is a waxy substance found in the blood. The body needs cholesterol to build healthy cells. But high levels of cholesterol can raise the risk of heart disease.
With high cholesterol, fats and other substances can build up in blood vessels called arteries. This buildup is called plaque. As more plaque forms ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of High cholesterol? | High cholesterol has no symptoms. A blood test is the only way to find out if you have it. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of High cholesterol? | Lifestyle factors that may be within your control are the most common cause of high cholesterol. These factors include eating a diet high in saturated and trans fats and not getting enough exercise.
Sometimes factors that aren't within your control can lead to high cholesterol. These include gene changes that pass fro... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of High cholesterol? | Risk factors for high cholesterol levels include:
• Eating habits.Eating too much saturated fat or trans fats can lead to high cholesterol. Saturated fats are found in fatty cuts of meat and full-fat dairy products. Sometimes trans fats are found in packaged snacks or desserts.
• Obesity.This complex disease involves... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of High cholesterol? | High cholesterol can lead to other health conditions called complications. With high cholesterol, a dangerous amount of plaque can build up on the walls of arteries. This is called atherosclerosis. Over time, the plaque buildup can cause arteries to narrow and block blood flow. Less blood flow through the arteries can ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of High cholesterol? | The same heart-healthy lifestyle changes that can lower cholesterol also can help prevent high cholesterol. You can practice the following habits:
• Eat a diet that focuses on lean protein, fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Limit sodium and added sugar.
• Also limit the amount of saturated and trans fats you eat. ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the The Mayo Clinic experience and patient stories of High cholesterol? | Our patients tell us that the quality of their interactions, our attention to detail and the efficiency of their visits mean health care like they've never experienced. See the stories of satisfied Mayo Clinic patients. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) of Hilar cholangiocarcinoma? | • Symptoms&causes
• Diagnosis&treatment
• Doctors&departments
• Care atMayoClinic | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hydrocele? | A hydrocele (HI-droe-seel) is a type of swelling in the scrotum, the pouch of skin that holds the testicles. This swelling happens when fluid collects in the thin sac that surrounds a testicle. Hydroceles are common in newborns. They often go away without treatment by age 1. Older children and adults can get a hydrocel... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hydrocele? | Often the only sign of a hydrocele is a painless swelling of one or both testicles.
The swelling might make an adult's scrotum feel heavy. In general, pain gets worse as the swelling increases. Sometimes, the swollen area might be smaller in the morning and larger later in the day. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hydrocele? | Most hydroceles are present at birth. At least 5% of newborn males have a hydrocele. Premature babies, who are born more than three weeks before their due dates, have a higher risk of having a hydrocele.
Risk factors for getting a hydrocele later in life include:
• Injury or inflammation within the scrotum.
• Infect... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hydrocele? | A hydrocele often isn't dangerous and usually doesn't affect the ability to have a baby. But a hydrocele might be linked with a health problem that can cause serious issues. These problems include:
• Infection or tumor.Either might cause the testicles to make less sperm or not work as well as usual.
• Inguinal hernia... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hydrocephalus? | Hydrocephalus is the buildup of fluid in cavities called ventricles deep within the brain. The excess fluid increases the size of the ventricles and puts pressure on the brain.
Cerebrospinal fluid usually flows through the ventricles and bathes the brain and spinal column. But the pressure of too much cerebrospinal fl... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hydrocephalus? | The symptoms of hydrocephalus can vary by age. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hydrocephalus? | Hydrocephalus is caused by an imbalance between how much cerebrospinal fluid is produced and how much is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Tissues lining the ventricles of the brain produce cerebrospinal fluid. It flows through the ventricles by way of channels. The fluid eventually flows into spaces around the brain and... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hydrocephalus? | Much of the time, the cause of hydrocephalus is not known. However, developmental or medical problems can contribute to or trigger hydrocephalus. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hydrocephalus? | In most cases, hydrocephalus worsens. Without treatment, hydrocephalus leads to complications. Complications may include learning disabilities or developmental and physical disabilities. Complications of this condition also can result in death. When hydrocephalus is mild and it's treated, there may be few, if any, seri... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hydronephrosis? | Hydronephrosis is swelling of one or both kidneys. It happens when urine can't drain from a kidney and builds up in the kidney as a result. The condition can be due to a blockage in the tubes that drain urine from the kidneys. It also can happen due to a difference present at birth that prevents urine from draining pro... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hydronephrosis? | Hydronephrosis often causes no symptoms. But when symptoms happen, they can include:
• Pain in the side and back that may travel to the lower stomach area or groin.
• Pain with urination, or feeling a need to urinate that is urgent or happens often.
• Upset stomach and vomiting.
• Fever.
• Failure to thrive in inf... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hydronephrosis? | Causes of hydronephrosis include a blockage or other health issue that affects the urinary tract. The urinary tract includes the kidneys and the bladder. Urine flows from the kidneys to the bladder through tubes called ureters. Urine leaves the bladder and the body through another tube called the urethra.
A partly or ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hydronephrosis? | Hydronephrosis risk factors among adults ages 20 to 60 include being born female. The higher risk could be due to certain conditions that affect the uterus, such as pregnancy. It also could be due to conditions that affect the ovaries, such as cysts, buildups of pus and cancer. Risk factors for people older than age 60... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hydronephrosis? | Hydronephrosis can lead to other health conditions called complications. Without treatment, some people who have severe hydronephrosis develop lasting kidney damage. Rarely, the condition can cause an affected kidney to lose its ability to filter blood, also called kidney failure. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hypercalcemia? | Hypercalcemia is a condition in which the calcium level in the blood becomes too high. Too much calcium in the blood can weaken bones and create kidney stones. It also can affect the heart and brain.
Most often, hypercalcemia happens after one or more of the parathyroid glands make too much hormone. These four tiny gl... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hypercalcemia? | You might not have any symptoms if your hypercalcemia is mild. If it's more serious, your symptoms are related to the parts of your body affected by high blood calcium levels. Examples include:
• Kidneys.Excess calcium makes the kidneys work harder to filter it. This can cause serious thirst and frequent urination.
•... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hypercalcemia? | Calcium helps build strong bones and teeth. It also helps muscles contract and nerves send signals. When the parathyroid glands work right, they release hormones that help maintain the right balance of calcium in the blood. Parathyroid hormones trigger:
• Bones to release calcium into the blood.
• The digestive tract... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hypercalcemia? | Hypercalcemia can lead to medical conditions that include:
• Osteoporosis.This condition involves thinning bones. It could develop if the bones keep releasing calcium into the blood. Osteoporosis can lead to broken bones, curving of the spinal column and loss of height.
• Kidney stones.If the urine contains too much ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hypereosinophilic syndrome? | Hypereosinophilic syndrome is organ damage or dysfunction caused by an excess of disease-fighting white blood cells called eosinophils.
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (hy-per-ee-o-SIN-o-phil-ik) is rare. It can affect any tissues in the body. Common targets include the skin, lungs, digestive tract, heart and nervous syste... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hypereosinophilic syndrome? | Symptoms of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) vary depending on what organs are affected. Early symptoms of HES may include:
• Fatigue.
• Cough.
• Shortness of breath.
• Muscle pain.
• Swelling in deep layers of the skin.
• Rash.
• Fever. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hypereosinophilic syndrome? | Eosinophils are important in fighting parasites and bacteria. They also regulate other immune system cells and proteins that cause allergic reactions.
HES occurs when high levels of these white blood cells last a long time. The cells themselves or their byproducts can move into organs, where they can cause damage or d... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hypereosinophilic syndrome? | HES can affect anyone, but it occurs more often in men. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hyperoxaluria and oxalosis? | Hyperoxaluria (hi-pur-ok-suh-LU-ree-uh) happens when you have too much oxalate in your urine. Oxalate is a natural chemical the body makes. It's also found in some foods. But too much oxalate in the urine can cause serious problems.
Hyperoxaluria can be caused by a change in a gene, an intestine disease or eating too ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hyperoxaluria and oxalosis? | Often, the first sign of hyperoxaluria is a kidney stone. Kidney stone symptoms can include:
• Sharp pain in the back, side, lower stomach area or groin.
• Urine that looks pink, red or brown due to blood.
• Frequent urge to pee, also called urination.
• Pain when peeing.
• Not being able to urinate or peeing only... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hyperoxaluria and oxalosis? | Hyperoxaluria happens when too much of a chemical called oxalate builds up in the urine. There are different types of hyperoxaluria:
• Primary hyperoxaluria.This type is a rare inherited disease, which means that it's passed down in families. It's caused by changes in a gene. With primary hyperoxaluria, the liver does... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hyperoxaluria and oxalosis? | Without treatment, primary hyperoxaluria can damage the kidneys. Over time the kidneys may stop working. This is called kidney failure. For some people, this is the first sign of the disease.
Symptoms of kidney failure include:
• Peeing less than usual or not peeing at all.
• Feeling ill and tired.
• Not feeling hu... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)? | Hyperthyroidism happens when the thyroid gland makes too much thyroid hormone. This condition also is called overactive thyroid. Hyperthyroidism speeds up the body's metabolism. That can cause many symptoms, such as weight loss, hand tremors, and rapid or irregular heartbeat.
Several treatments are available for hyper... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)? | Hyperthyroidism sometimes looks like other health problems. That can make it hard to diagnose. It can cause many symptoms, including:
• Losing weight without trying.
• Fast heartbeat, a condition called tachycardia.
• Irregular heartbeat, also called arrhythmia.
• Pounding of the heart, sometimes called heart palpi... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)? | Hyperthyroidism can be caused by several medical conditions that affect the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland at the base of the neck. It has a big impact on the body. Every part of metabolism is controlled by hormones that the thyroid gland makes.
The thyroid gland produces two main hormon... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)? | Risk factors for hyperthyroidism include:
• A family history of thyroid disease, particularly Graves' disease.
• A personal history of certain chronic illnesses, including pernicious anemia and primary adrenal insufficiency.
• A recent pregnancy, which raises the risk of developing thyroiditis. This can lead to hype... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)? | Hyperthyroidism can lead to the following complications. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hypoglycemia? | Hypoglycemia is a condition in which your blood sugar (glucose) level is lower than the standard range. Glucose is your body's main energy source.
Hypoglycemia is often related to diabetes treatment. But other drugs and a variety of conditions — many rare — can cause low blood sugar in people who don't have diabetes.
... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hypoglycemia? | If blood sugar levels become too low, hypoglycemia signs and symptoms can include:
• Looking pale
• Shakiness
• Sweating
• Headache
• Hunger or nausea
• An irregular or fast heartbeat
• Fatigue
• Irritability or anxiety
• Difficulty concentrating
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Tingling or numbness of the l... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hypoglycemia? | Hypoglycemia occurs when your blood sugar (glucose) level falls too low for bodily functions to continue. There are several reasons why this can happen. The most common reason for low blood sugar is a side effect of medications used to treat diabetes. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Hypoglycemia? | Untreated hypoglycemia can lead to:
• Seizure
• Coma
• Death
Hypoglycemia can also cause:
• Dizziness and weakness
• Falls
• Injuries
• Motor vehicle accidents
• Greater risk of dementia in older adults | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Hyponatremia? | Hyponatremia occurs when the concentration of sodium in your blood is abnormally low. Sodium is an electrolyte, and it helps regulate the amount of water that's in and around your cells.
In hyponatremia, one or more factors — ranging from an underlying medical condition to drinking too much water — cause the sodium in... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Hyponatremia? | Hyponatremia signs and symptoms may include:
• Nausea and vomiting
• Headache
• Confusion
• Loss of energy, drowsiness and fatigue
• Restlessness and irritability
• Muscle weakness, spasms or cramps
• Seizures
• Coma | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Hyponatremia? | Sodium plays a key role in your body. It helps maintain normal blood pressure, supports the work of your nerves and muscles, and regulates your body's fluid balance.
A normal blood sodium level is between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Hyponatremia occurs when the sodium in your blood falls below 135 ... | local_scraped |
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