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Who dealt with income and expenditure?	<text>Who dealt with income and expenditure?</text><reasoning>John inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respecti...
John followed in the tradition of who?	<text>John followed in the tradition of who?</text><reasoning>John inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respecti...
Who took over as joint justiciar with Puiset after Mandeville died?	<text>Who took over as joint justiciar with Puiset after Mandeville died?</text><reasoning>When John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale o...
Who convinced Richard to allow John to join into England?	<text>Who convinced Richard to allow John to join into England?</text><reasoning>When John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale of lands, t...
When did Richard become king?	<text>When did Richard become king?</text><reasoning>When John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale of lands, titles and appointments, and ...
What did John do during the truce of 1206-1208?	<text>What did John do during the truce of 1206-1208?</text><reasoning>During the truce of 1206–1208, John focused on building up his financial and military resources in preparation for another attempt to recapture Normandy. John used some of this money to pay for new alliances on Philip's eastern frontiers, where the ...
By 1212, John had successfully concluded alliances with who?	<text>By 1212, John had successfully concluded alliances with who?</text><reasoning>During the truce of 1206–1208, John focused on building up his financial and military resources in preparation for another attempt to recapture Normandy. John used some of this money to pay for new alliances on Philip's eastern frontie...
John launched his new fleet to attach the French where?	<text>John launched his new fleet to attach the French where?</text><reasoning>During the truce of 1206–1208, John focused on building up his financial and military resources in preparation for another attempt to recapture Normandy. John used some of this money to pay for new alliances on Philip's eastern frontiers, wh...
When was Isabel released from imprisonment?	<text>When was Isabel released from imprisonment?</text><reasoning>John's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful re...
Who did Joan marry to become queen consort?	<text>Who did Joan marry to become queen consort?</text><reasoning>John's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful re...
How many legitimate children did John have?	<text>How many legitimate children did John have?</text><reasoning>John's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful re...
Who was John's eldest son?	<text>Who was John's eldest son?</text><reasoning>John's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful regional leader, bu...
Historians suspected that John was at best what?	<text>Historians suspected that John was at best what?</text><reasoning>John's lack of religious conviction has been noted by contemporary chroniclers and later historians, with some suspecting that John was at best impious, or even atheistic, a very serious issue at the time. Contemporary chroniclers catalogued his va...
Who was later declared a saint?	<text>Who was later declared a saint?</text><reasoning>John's lack of religious conviction has been noted by contemporary chroniclers and later historians, with some suspecting that John was at best impious, or even atheistic, a very serious issue at the time. Contemporary chroniclers catalogued his various anti-religi...
Many records showed what?	<text>Many records showed what?</text><reasoning>John's lack of religious conviction has been noted by contemporary chroniclers and later historians, with some suspecting that John was at best impious, or even atheistic, a very serious issue at the time. Contemporary chroniclers catalogued his various anti-religious ha...
Where did many of the disaffected barons come from?	<text>Where did many of the disaffected barons come from?</text><reasoning>Tensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that faction was often labelled by contemporaries and hist...
Who was appointed justiciar?	<text>Who was appointed justiciar?</text><reasoning>Tensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that faction was often labelled by contemporaries and historians as "the Northern...
What was the final straw that precipitated the baronial uprising during John's final years as king?	<text>What was the final straw that precipitated the baronial uprising during John's final years as king?</text><reasoning>Tensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that facti...
Who accompanied John?	<text>Who accompanied John?</text><reasoning>John initially adopted a defensive posture similar to that of 1199: avoiding open battle and carefully defending his key castles. John's operations became more chaotic as the campaign progressed, and Philip began to make steady progress in the east. John became aware in July...
Why was Philip forced to withdraw in the east?	<text>Why was Philip forced to withdraw in the east?</text><reasoning>John initially adopted a defensive posture similar to that of 1199: avoiding open battle and carefully defending his key castles. John's operations became more chaotic as the campaign progressed, and Philip began to make steady progress in the east. ...
Who was caught by surprised?	<text>Who was caught by surprised?</text><reasoning>John initially adopted a defensive posture similar to that of 1199: avoiding open battle and carefully defending his key castles. John's operations became more chaotic as the campaign progressed, and Philip began to make steady progress in the east. John became aware ...
What biographers argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch?	<text>What biographers argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch?</text><reasoning>Most historians today, including John's recent biographers Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren, argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch, but note that his failings were exaggerated by 12th- and 13th-century chroniclers. Jim Bradbury note...
Modern historians have been over lenient towards what?	<text>Modern historians have been over lenient towards what?</text><reasoning>Most historians today, including John's recent biographers Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren, argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch, but note that his failings were exaggerated by 12th- and 13th-century chroniclers. Jim Bradbury notes the c...
John Gillingham considers John what?	<text>John Gillingham considers John what?</text><reasoning>Most historians today, including John's recent biographers Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren, argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch, but note that his failings were exaggerated by 12th- and 13th-century chroniclers. Jim Bradbury notes the current consensus t...
How much RAM did the first Maciuntosh board have?	<text>How much RAM did the first Maciuntosh board have?</text><reasoning>Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member...
Whose idea was it to run Apple Lisa's graphical programs on the Macintosh?	<text>Whose idea was it to run Apple Lisa's graphical programs on the Macintosh?</text><reasoning>Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap displ...
What did Tribble first incorporate into the Mac?	<text>What did Tribble first incorporate into the Mac?</text><reasoning>Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member ...
Which design feature did Smith eventually use to make production of a newly designed board more cost-efficient?	<text>Which design feature did Smith eventually use to make production of a newly designed board more cost-efficient?</text><reasoning>Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×2...
What feature was missing from the final Mac design produced by Smith?	<text>What feature was missing from the final Mac design produced by Smith?</text><reasoning>Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. B...
What did Jobs state that he expected Macintosh to become?	<text>What did Jobs state that he expected Macintosh to become?</text><reasoning>Jobs stated during the Macintosh's introduction "we expect Macintosh to become the third industry standard", after the Apple II and IBM PC. Although outselling every other computer, it did not meet expectations during the first year, espec...
How many applications were widely available during Macintosh's introduction?	<text>How many applications were widely available during Macintosh's introduction?</text><reasoning>Jobs stated during the Macintosh's introduction "we expect Macintosh to become the third industry standard", after the Apple II and IBM PC. Although outselling every other computer, it did not meet expectations during th...
How many companies did Apple promise were develping products for the new computer?	<text>How many companies did Apple promise were develping products for the new computer?</text><reasoning>Jobs stated during the Macintosh's introduction "we expect Macintosh to become the third industry standard", after the Apple II and IBM PC. Although outselling every other computer, it did not meet expectations dur...
How many Macintoshes had Apple sold after one year?	<text>How many Macintoshes had Apple sold after one year?</text><reasoning>Jobs stated during the Macintosh's introduction "we expect Macintosh to become the third industry standard", after the Apple II and IBM PC. Although outselling every other computer, it did not meet expectations during the first year, especially ...
How many databases did Apple have available the first year?	<text>How many databases did Apple have available the first year?</text><reasoning>Jobs stated during the Macintosh's introduction "we expect Macintosh to become the third industry standard", after the Apple II and IBM PC. Although outselling every other computer, it did not meet expectations during the first year, esp...
What Macintosh first included an on-board MMU?	<text>What Macintosh first included an on-board MMU?</text><reasoning>With the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a version of ...
What was the first Mac to be "32-bit clean"?	<text>What was the first Mac to be "32-bit clean"?</text><reasoning>With the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a version of th...
What was the starting price of the Macintosh llfx when it was unveiled?	<text>What was the starting price of the Macintosh llfx when it was unveiled?</text><reasoning>With the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer...
How many Apple II CPUS's did the new Macintosh llfx include?	<text>How many Apple II CPUS's did the new Macintosh llfx include?</text><reasoning>With the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and...
How fast was the processor on the new Macintosh llfx?	<text>How fast was the processor on the new Macintosh llfx?</text><reasoning>With the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a vers...
John spent the conflict traveling alongside who?	<text>John spent the conflict traveling alongside who?</text><reasoning>John had spent the conflict travelling alongside his father, and was given widespread possessions across the Angevin empire as part of the Montlouis settlement; from then onwards, most observers regarded John as Henry II's favourite child, although...