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H: IEC vs. UL current rating I was doing a search on Digikey for some power entry connectors and noticed that many of the connectors are rated 10A by IEC standards and 15A by UL standards. Why is there such a large difference between the two standards, and if I plan on using this connector to draw potentially 15A from...
H: Why are two stages used for an instrumentation amplifier? When we have a two-stage instrumentation amplifier, such as the following. Why do we need the first stage of the two Operational Amplifiers? Couldn't we just input V1 and V2 into the differential amplifier? AI: The 3 op-amp design has three main advantages ...
H: Analog Bistable Memory I am looking for a device which I do not know exists. I would like to store the state of a number of analog switches, perhaps driven by a D Type Flip Flop. I'd like to drive the flip flop and set values with a momentary toggle switch. What I am looking for is a type of analog switch, which c...
H: What properties should I look for in a microcontroller if I just want to work with incoming 16 bit data? I am very new to picking microcontrollers for projects. I have a project in which I have 16-bit data coming in from an amplifier/ADC. Simply put, I would like the microcontroller (very low power and in dimensi...
H: 8-layer PCB stackup question I'm designing a 8-layer PCB stack up. I have two choices as below: Layer STACKUP 1 Layer STACKUP 2 Question related ========================================================= 1 SIGNAL 1 SIGNAL 2 GROUND 2 GROUND 3 SIGNAL 3 SIG...
H: Can 3 phase AC current be applied to a BLDC and vise versa? I am just wondering because the designs of a synchronous motor and BLDC are the same. Could you please explain the downsides of not using the designated current? AI: They are not the same. In BLDC machine, the stator winding is concentrated. Hence the stat...
H: What makes same wattage led light bulb brighter than the other? I noticed that one 10 W LED light bulb was 800 lumens and the other 1000. Both were warm white, 4000K, 80 CRI. What exactly makes one brighter than the other? AI: The lumen is the unit for the total (and weighted) measure of visible light produced (see...
H: IMU axis rotation, calculate values with respect to Earth plane I'm building a project that uses an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit). The project involves the device to be mounted inside a vehicle and I should provide the acceleration, angular velocity and Euler angles of the vehicle (and not the device). After a fe...
H: Lightning protection for Antenna Connector I want to add lightning and ESD protection for the antenna used with my PCB (Wireless Gateway). The antennas that will be used with my PCB are Pole Mount Antenna. There are three different types of Antennas needed with my PCB: 4G LTE, GPS and LoRa Antennas. Currently, I am...
H: Understanding the Maximum Speed that can be Transmitted over a Cable I am trying to source a FFC/FPC cable for USB3.0 (+5gbps). This brought me to the question of signal transmission. I'm somewhat of a beginner in this topic. I know that you should match impedance on your PCB with your connector/cable to minimize ...
H: iv characteristic graph confusion I am trying to understand how a iv graph for a battery rated at 10V with internal resistance of 10 Ohms would look like. I was thinking it would just be a constant 10V for the graph, however, I am unsure how internal the internal resistance would impact the terminal voltage. AI: si...
H: FPC cable contacts. Bottom vs Top and Bottom I would like to design custom FPC cables as extensions of my flex pcb that will connect to this connector of another PCB. My question is about the Connector/Contact type. In the digikey page it mentions "Contacts, Top and Bottom" compared for example to this connector wh...
H: Positive Diode clipping circuits Why is the clipped voltage constant in the positive half for the first half of the cycle? Isn't it supposed to act as a ideal diode during forward bias ie behave as a closed switch? AI: Well, no, this is not an example of an ideal diode. Real diodes have a forward voltage drop of a...
H: What type of 4-pin 1mm-pitch clippy connector is this? I have recently bought a lidar sensor with a peculiar cable type. I cannot identify it, but it has some interesting characteristics. It has a pitch of 1mm, and each pin has at most a 0.5mm width. The cable itself is for UART, but I'm not sure if the connector w...
H: How to bias MOSFET for finding S-Parameter simulation? I wanted to use a BSIM4 model of NMOS in my circuit. I got the correct dc biasing point, certain VDS,VGS and IC. But I am having issues measuring S-parameter data for MOSFET amplifiers. I simulated circuits in BJT and it works fine. Is there any generic circuit...
H: Problem with setting initial voltages in LT Spice I was trying to set an initial voltage for a capacitor I was modeling in LT Spice, and I tried using the command .ic V(Vc)=20000 (Vc is the node directly after the capacitor, with ground on the other side), but the result it gave me was like this: Circuit schematic...
H: Questions about prototyping a DMX Splitter Original schematics I want to make the following DMX Splitter: Credits by J. Mack, see Full article: DMX Splitter Changes Changes made by me (with help of Maple, Transistor and many others, thanks for that): Four instead of three output channels Power led Signal led 5 se...
H: Fast, cheap, wireless data transmission with Raspberry Pi I need some advice on a project. I want to wirelessly transmit packets of data from a Raspberry Pi to several microcontrollers (Arduino or other). The frequency must be at least 15 packets/s per slave device. I am not really sure about using wifi, as it is u...
H: What is a "universal bridge"? I recently came across this intriguing instrument from the 1970s(?): It's a "Universal Bridge" made by Wayne Kerr. It's not a type of device I've come across before and I'm curious what these are (were?) used for. AI: User Janka actually has told the essentials in a short form. Comput...
H: Connecting a 48 V battery to a grid tie inverter I am working on a grid tied wind system project. I am planning to use a battery in the system which will be the source to the grid-tie inverter. Also the battery will be used only as a source to the grid-tie inverter and will not be used for back-up. So, the connecti...
H: CD4017 with multiple LEDs Here I solved most of my doubts from this site.Thanks to you all and cos of that I come this far. 1 . I wanna cycle through the various color LEDs using clap . 2 . I use a switch to cycle through the effects of LED so I used another 4017 to switch the power supply through 555 and the outp...
H: Voltage of pin set to high impedance? Suppose a pin can be set to three modes, high (5V), low (0V), and high impedance (?V). What is the voltage associated with high impedance? I.e. if I stuck a probe on a pin set to high impedance, what voltage would I read? Does high impedance mean no current? If so, does that me...
H: Command Solid State Relay using NPN transistor 2N2222 I'm trying to command a Solid State Relay with the HV1 pin, I can't connect it directly(HV1 to CH1) due to the fact that the impedance on that pin is too low and I only obtain 2.8V when connected. So, I'm trying to use an NPN transistor(Q1). However, being inexp...
H: How come consumer products aren't powered by power banks? I wonder why no commercial battery-powered consumer product is designed to be powered by power banks. All of the ones I know of have either built-in battery holders or internal LiPos with charger chips. How come they don't just provide a 3V/5V external power...
H: Stepper Motor acceleration profiles for short runs I've done a fair bit of reading on stepper motors and acceleration. I had to wade through a lot of different strategies with a lot of calculations, including one which called for several candles, and "A maiden of virtue pure" Which while interesting, seemed impract...
H: Problem with 74hc595 voltage in Autodesk Circuits I am very, very new to electronics, so please be patient with me, as I may say something silly. I also hope the question is not too wide, and would like to thank you in advance for spending your time reading it. Anyway, here goes: I am attempting to use a 74HC595 sh...
H: Altium: Create custom pad I've got this T shaped pad that I've made with 2 fill rectangles. How do I assign a designator to it? I've tried converting to a region and couldn't figure it out that way either. I'm using AD10. Thanks. AI: Add a pad (can be a small one) and assign an Designator to it (e.g.: 3). When that...
H: Maximize efficiency and brightness of diff color, cheap, 5m 5630 SMD LED strip lighting I'm a science teacher and we are going to explore different design/effects of grow-light setups this year in class. I've gotten some great ideas for this project from reading from this stackexchange site, thanks! I also see prob...
H: How does pulse width modulation use ground I have a big missunderstanding about how pwm (ground) works. Does input and output of a PWM (including step-down dc2dc) share the same ground ? If so how can i have an input in 12V 50% duty cycle (6V output) that use like 1Amp . Then 6V * 1A = 6W but the 12V input will use...
H: Distinguishing clock domains in designs I am finding it confusing in defining various clock domains in the design. I did search over the Internet but I didn’t get a complete clarity on this. In a certain FPGA (Actel ProASIC series) based design, I am generating three clocks – 48MHz, 24MHz, and 12MHz from an 8MHz cr...
H: Implementing Texas Instruments WEBENCH solution for Buck converter into exsisting PCB design I have used TI WEBENCH solution for buck converter design. I entered my requirements: input voltage 12 - 15V, output voltage 5V at 1.5A. I have choose TPS563219 which gives me efficiency of 95% and nice BOM cost. The reaso...
H: Which kind of regulator/battery setup should I use for 5 volt microcontroller and transmitter circuitry for optimum performance? I have a project which uses microcontrollers and a radio transmitter, both running at 5 V. The circuitry consumes less than 1 mA from the 5 V rail when idle, and 1 A when transmitting dat...
H: Altium: Change part designator from Letters to numbers I am creating a new component with several parts in Altium Designer. When I place the component in a schematic page, each part get a unique letter like (IC10A, IC10B, IC10C ... etc). How to change these letters to numbers, like (IC101, IC102, IC103 ...etc) AI: ...
H: Using a lipo charger AND discharger at the same time I'm looking to use a li-po in my project, I can find many battery charge modules, and many 5v boost modules, is it possible to use them both at the same time? I'm not sure how I'd wire that though, power in would go to the charger, then the chargers power out wou...
H: How to modify the current of a battery both higher and lower From what I've come to understand, a higher voltage source leads to a higher current from source to the destination. Example: On a 1.5V battery let's say I'm getting 50mA load from my device rated for 25mA to 100mA. Question: I can use a resistor to lower...
H: Pspice simulation ERROR I am trying to simulate this Photoplethysmography circuit in Pspice.But I am getting the following errors: ERROR -- Convergence problem in transient analysis at Time = .193 Time step = 296.9E-15, minimum allowable step size = 1.000E-12 I am trying to give a sine input and expect...
H: Charging process of a battery I apologize if my question seems ordinary and silly. Unfortunately, I have not good electronic knowledge. but the question is as follow: assume we have a power source like solar panels that produce power P. in other hand we have two batteries namely B1 and B2 with terminal voltages V1 ...
H: how does this power supply work? I was reading the datasheet for the LT1161, and dicovered the below construction in an example application toward the end of the document (Page 11). It appeared to be powering some Logic ICs. This clearly seems to be clamping the supply voltage to something the logic IC can handle, ...
H: What size MOSFET do i need to drive about 6A 12V load? Will small TSOP6 package do the job without overheating? What size MOSFET do i need to drive about 6A 12V load? Will small TSOP6 package do the job without overheating? I was thinking of using this one: http://www.tme.eu/en/details/irlts6342trpbf/smd-n-channel-...
H: 3x3 LED grid using NPN transistors to switch (Arduino) I am trying to design a basic project to multiplex a 3x3 LED grid in a common anode arrangement. In order to avoid sinking (sourcing?) too much current from the digital I/O pins of the Arduino I would like to uses NPN transistors as a low-side switch for each c...
H: How can I make connection on pcb (circuit board) holes without solder (for prototyping)? I have a Pro Micro board (very small -- see pic below) and it has connector holes in the printed circuit board. Best Non-Solder Connection (Easy and Removable) I'm wondering the best way to make non-solder connections for doing...
H: Current draw of through hole LEDs and LED strips I'm confused about led current draw, my understanding of through hole LEDs was that whatever current is going through one, is going through the others. By that I mean if I had 3 1.5v 20mA LEDs I would only require a 4.5v supply with 20mA output. So the reason I'm co...
H: PIC18F452 timer0 not accurate I am simulating a project on Proteus simulation software using this microcontroller. My issue is, I have made a 2 sec interrupt on timer0. But simulation is showing it as tooo fast (w.r.t simulation clock). I used the Mikroelectronica Timer calculator using these settings: The simulat...
H: Replicating Lidar lite what emitter to use? So, I am not advocating or trying to copy or in any way infringe on the copyright that Lidar lite is based on. That being said I would like to use something like lidar lite for a distance sensing project (Basically an rc self driving). Now I haven't found any sensors that...
H: Why does this UK mains plug have a gap going down the live pin? What is the purpose of the gap on the live pin of this plug? I've never seen this before and was why this gap was their since the plug is only for an alarm clock. The gap goes down the middle of the live pin to half way down the pin the pictures below ...
H: How to make the AC current coming from the wall the backup for a battery powered circuit I want to design a circuit where its main power supply is a battery. I want this circuit to be connected also to AC current coming from the wall. Assume that the power supplies a light bulb where i can modify the intensity of t...
H: Solving 5 variables Karnaugh map - grouping I would like to ask about solving Karnaugh maps, especially grouping 5-variables map. I am not sure if I made this good way, so if you could, please let me know what is wrong. It seems to me everything is fine. Is there any good Karnaugh map solver which work with 5 varia...
H: TI Design Equation Syntax Question Have been reviewing the TI Designs – Precision: Verified Design - 1 MHz, Single-Supply, Photodiode Amplifier Reference Design. In one of the equations (See embedded graphic below), there is a syntax that I have not seen before: (R2||R3) It looks like the result is close to the...
H: How to bias a diode clamp with a voltage divider? As you know a diode clamp is a circuit to protect sensitive circuits from excessive voltage. One approach to change clamping level is to use voltage dividers. most resources and textbooks represent a schematic like this: and in case that diode is silicon, they com...
H: LDO outputting low voltage. LDO or auxiliary components fault? I burned a circuit by applying reversed polarity voltage. I measured the LDO that is supplied with 5 V and should output 3.3 V, however it only outputs ~2 V. Now what can I deduce from that? I would expect the semiconductor LDO to not output anything af...
H: What is the best way to receive unsolicited response from GSM SIM900 in PIC18 I am using PIC18F2520 and trying to communicate with GSM SIM900. I am using UART interrupt to receive data from the GSM. I am saving each byte in rxData. Now most of the commands ends with response OK. But there are few commands which doe...
H: Is there a VHDL (or Quartus2-specific) compiler directive for disregarding certain lines of code for synthesis? Is there a VHDL (or Quartus2-specific) compiler directive for disregarding certain lines of code for synthesis? I want to have certain signals going out for my simulation, but Quartus2 throws errors about...
H: Can/Should DC-AC Inverter Be Used To Power Inductive Loads (AC Motor)? Trying to make an inverter (or buy), to power a 120VAC motor using a 12V lead acid battery. However, after many hours of searching it seems that inverters are not intended to operate on inductive loads such as multi-phase motors. Why is this the...
H: Identifying unknown transformer from a computer PSU I was recently using an old 375 watt PSU as a benchtop power supply and managed to break it trying to disable the short circuit/overvoltage/undervoltage protection. Meh. Anyway, naturally I took it apart and started desoldering the components. I pulled a transform...
H: What is this yellow thing on the board? I bought this board a while back: (source: seeedstudio.com) http://www.seeedstudio.com/wiki/GPRS_Shield_V1.0 I mistakenly connected positive and negative instead of each other and the yellowish thing near the power select on the board (477 j / 110 m 3) fired literally and fe...
H: Are there standard dimensions for probes? I have a probe card with cantilever probes, from a manufacturer that no longer exists. I need to know the lengths and vertical angles of the probes, and ideally the lengths of the tips. Since probes are very fragile, I would like to avoid measuring them myself and certainly...
H: Why does the gain of a RC filter vary with input amplitude in LTspice? I recently design an OTA based filter, and simulate it with LTspice IV. I was surprised to see that the gain vary with frequency (of course) but also with the input amplitude of the signal. So I decided to simulate a basic RC filter to see how i...
H: Audio playback design issues with WM8731 I am using WM8731 Audio Codec taking hints from the Audio Board PROTO with a 1 W Audio Power Amplifier LM4889 to drive a speaker from CUI INC: CDS-13138-SMT. The setup works but not as expected. I am using the recommended circuitry given in LM4889 Datasheet for high gain amp...
H: Making a LiPo battery charger from USB +5V supply My friend's drone battery charger is dead. I want a charger for battery, only problem is that I don't know how to do it. I tried to make one using voltage divider, but I don't know to to do all the calculations. Here are the specifications that I need: Input is USB(...
H: Is circuit elements' placement order in a series connection matters? I know the current is the same in a series branch. But does it make a difference, in the operation and purpose of the circuit, if elements arrangement order changed in a series connection? Say a circuit to filter out AC signal using an AC source w...
H: Is there a mistake in this microcontroller schematic? I was looking at the eagle schematic for a project and something caught my eye. Take a look at reset button on this schematic (From https://www.arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/Arduino-Pro-Mini-schematic.pdf): Why is there the VCC right in front of the Atmega328P? Do...
H: Does the resistor divider value used in adjustable linear regulators matter? If so, to what extent I will use the adjustable LT3015 as an example. http://cds.linear.com/docs/en/datasheet/3015fb.pdf You can set the output voltage based on the equation Vout=-1.22(1+R2/R1) + R2*Iadj where Iadj is 30nA nominally. Now,...
H: Making Solenoid valve work with Arduino and TIP120 transistor I am trying to turn off an on 12 solenoid valves using Arduino and TIP120 TO-220 Darlington Transistors NPN. I connected everything as I show in the diagram but my solenoid valve wont work since when its connected and I checked the voltage, it only shows...
H: Can I convert to less AC volts to get more amps? I was wondering if I have (for example) an input of 12V and 100A DC, instead of going to, let's say 120V and 10A AC, if it could be converted into 100V for more amps. (I already know about loss so let's just assume this is a magical lossless system.) AI: Assuming no ...
H: How does a Capacitive ID / Signatures / Sensing system work? e.g. Google Bloks In the 'Google Bloks' project. A tangible programming experience is created by allowing children to place physical instruction blocks next to each other. The computer is able to read the sequence of instructions and turn it into a prog...
H: What options do I have to combine and format 18 600Mbps ADC serial streams over QSFP+? The 18 serial streams are not encoded or scrambled. The idea is to multiplex them onto one or more encoded serial streams at higher rates for onwards transmission over optical fiber. AI: You could use a MAX3952 for serializing up...
H: Characteristics of built-in Zener protection on FET gates A lot of SOT-23 FET gates have built-in back-to-back Zener diodes to source, presumably to protect against over-voltage. However, the datasheets typically say nothing about the characteristics of these diodes. The gate leakage current will be much higher in ...
H: Undefined std_logic_vector size parameter in procedure I have written into a procedure the behavior of a simple SPI transaction that I use in my testbenches to make things easier to write and read. Is there a way to make this procedure as generic as possible by not mentioning the size of the vector data given as a ...
H: How do VHDL case statements scale when additional expressions are added? I am using a case statement in VHDL where the expression is a 12 bit bus address and the output is a 32 bit data bus. Here is my code: process (iAPB_BUS_IN.pclk) begin if rising_edge(iAPB_BUS_IN.pclk) then if (write_pulse = '1') then ...
H: Accelerometer gives wrong values for stationary axes I have a BMI160 IMU which gives a good reading for the axis parallel to gravity (1G or -1G), but a changing value of about 2G or -2G for the axes that should show 0G. This is true for all axes, I've tried rotating the IMU. I'm reading the IMU with an STM32F4 Disc...
H: Sensor to detect flip What would be an appropriate sensor to use with arduino lilypad to detect movement of card. The sensor will be attached to one side(top) of the card, when the card is flipped i.e when sensor faces down, then I should be able to detect it. Please help. The card would be held in hand just like a...
H: About CT secondary winding on toroidal transformer I am done primary winding today of my toroidal core. Attached photo of transformer below. 755 turn of 0.914 mm magnet wire. Core size before winding OD-100mm, ID-60mm, Ht-50mm (M4,CRGO). Sir when I test for secondary voltage I get 2.7 volt on 10 turn of magnet wire...
H: What is the exact purpose of this 2.2kOhm resistor in the circuit? My best guess is that it's there to drop the voltage down to 0V by the time the current reaches the negative terminal but I'm not sure if that's the case; and if it is, is it absolutely necessary to be there and why exactly? Also a side question: W...
H: Calculate voltage in a alternating voltage circuit Im trying to calculate the voltage through C2 in this circuit but i am unsure how to. e(t) = 0.3 sin(ωt + 18°)V , C1= 10μF , C2= 5μF , R = 5 Ohm , ω=3*10^3 rad/s This is what i got so far: frequency = 477.5 Hz I put 0.3 sin(ωt + 18) in my calculator and got that ...
H: Why do we clock Buck Converters? Apologies if this has already been asked, but I couldn't easily find an answer. So - We all know the basic design of a buck converter: Closed-loop clocked PWM into a low-pass filter. But my question is... Is the clocking part of it necessary? Could someone make a buck converter by ...
H: Is it possible to capture a DVB-T mux's signal on VHS? What will happen if i tune a VHS VCR's analog tuner to a DVB-T mux's frequency, record the signal on a VHS tape, then use the RF out of the VCR to replay the captured signal into a DVB-T receiver box's RF input? Can i "tune" into the replayed mux and view the t...
H: attiny85 clock precision I am using an attiny85 coupled to a mosfet and a water valve to water my plants at a regular interval. I want to water it every day. I programmed it to turn on every 24h, and today it is not on time. I expected a drift, but watering can occur 4 hours earlier or later, no problem. When shoul...
H: Is there a good solution to connect Segger J-Link to a solderless breadboard? I am working on a project where I created different prototypes on different solderless breadboards. To program and debug the used MCU using SWD, I just use male jumper wires, from the j-link connector to the pins of the MCU on the breadbo...
H: Use of schottky diode and tracking peaks of input signal with capacitors I am using this instructable to make a VU meter: http://www.instructables.com/id/Mini-Decibels-a-Simple-Volume-Meter-With-an-Electr/?ALLSTEPS I have two questions. What's the use of the Schottky diode 'D1'? The instructable says that the cap...
H: What situation does it make sense to mod a toaster oven instead of just buying a reflow oven? I have seen kits like this online http://whizoo.com/reflowoven to modify a toaster oven to use as a reflow oven, but they seem like a significant amount more work and lower quality than just buying a reflow oven like htt...
H: Does it matter which side I place the bulb in a circuit? For example, will it matter if the bulb is in this position: simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab or this position? simulate this circuit Also, if it wouldn't work in either position, why? I mean, in the second, charged electrons are s...
H: Why are power supply decoupling capacitors used on both supply rails in dual supply opamps? I have seen circuit diagram in analog devices application note which shows that both supply rails have a 1uF and 0.1uF capacitor for dual supply opamp but only the Vcc has them in a single supply opamp. Why are decoupling ca...
H: Is there any tool that can create a logic circuit equivalent to some Verilog code? For the purpose of learning, I would like to know if there is any tool (free or commercial) that can synthesize some Verilog code and produce the equivalent logic circuit. Example : assign z = (a & b) | c; I am not interested how...
H: How to calculate actual hfe for low voltage source? The datasheet for a transistor (said 2N2222) give us the hfe assuming a Vcc in the 30V range. For uses like Arduino projects, the Vcc is usually 5 V, and under that condition, the actual hfe is lower. Instead of hfe = 100, we get hfe = 12, like in this example (Ib...
H: SPI Read Problem I have done the following changes and also followed the sequence as explained, to read response from the Si4455. As mentioned in the datasheet w.r.t Fig(1) below, i.e. Make CS low send API command followed parameters depending on the command, once this transaction is over make CS high. I have writ...
H: How is correct to interface an MCU (Arduino)'s UART with this RS232 TTL device? I am trying to interface a bill acceptor which provides RS232 (TTL level) with the Arduino's UART. The manual of the bill acceptor provides the I/O circuit below. I have tried two ways to no avail. In the first way, I make the connectio...
H: Eagle connections glitch I'm having trouble with connections in Eagle 7.6. I'm designing an LED board consisting over 300 UV and red LEDs. All of them connected in series of 3 + a 91ohm resistor and those series are connected in parallel. In schematic, everything looks fine, but once I've placed all of the componen...
H: Crystal oscillator load capacitance, again There's a lot of seemingly conflicting information regarding how the load capacitance for a parallel resonant crystal is calculated. Faced with a lot of problems in recent years with non-oscillation and frequency inaccuracy, I'm asking the community's help to get to the bo...
H: How to save variables inside microcontrollers memory I am designing an application which include GSM SIM900 with PIC18F2520. The application includes basic calling and sms services. A user will press a button a call will be made to a defined number. This number can be changed via sms. So whenever the button is pres...
H: How to design a passive filter from poles and zero of a transfer function? I am using octave/matlab to get the coefficient of numerator and denominator of a filter with filter command such as butter or cheby1. I just want to learn how do you convert this coeffecient to the value of passive components of Inductors a...
H: Calculate total impedance in RLC circuit with L and C parallel I am trying to find the total impedance of this circuit but im not getting the right answer. According to my notes the total impedance is 1002 Ω, -86.6°. This is the method i tried: I got Xc = 111.1, -90° => 0-j111.1 Xl= 125, 90° => 0+j125 R = 60+j0...
H: EEPROM Emulation driver does not work when Page Sizes are 2KB I am trying to implement EEPROM Emulation on an STM32F07x using the driver supplied by ST. Problem is on attempting to initialise the emulated flash, the driver fails and always returns NO_VALID_PAGE. I have changed the defines for the Page Size and the ...
H: nodal analysis - CCCS controlled by current from same node From schematics we have: \$i_1=\frac{v_1-v_2}{3},i_2=\frac{v_1-v_3}{2},i_3=\frac{v_3}{6},i_x=\frac{v_2}{4}\$ for node 1: \$10 = i_1 + i_2\$ \$5v_1-2v_2-3v_3=60\$ EQ1 for node 2: \$4i_x + i_1 - i_x = 0\$ \$4v_1+5v_2=0\$ EQ2 for node 3: \$i_2 - i_3 - 4i_x = ...
H: Power supply issues with many identical PCBs I've designed a PCB to run two stepper motors from an Atmega8. With my current implementation, I can however only run two of these PCBs at the same time. In this picture you can see the overall structure of the project. One PSU (5V, 10A) is supposed to run all modules. T...
H: Why did the Intel bubble memory chips have a hexadecimal label on them? Such as in this image: I guess some sort of configuration, am I right? AI: Apparently, the hexadecimal digits indicate which minor loops should not be used, as per Vintage Bubble Memory.
H: How to perform transient analysis LC series in Multisim I,m trying to perform transient analysis of next circuit: In t=0 switch is opened. Initial condition Vc=0, IL=4A. But that doesn't work properly in Multisim (fig. above) Voltage across Inductor does not match estimated value. Multisim show 120V in t=0, rather...
H: How can I build a micro USB hub? EDIT: @EugeneSh. I ment how can I build a hub Double edit: Sorry everyone, I mentioned how can I build a USB hub... I'm looking to build a very small USB Y splitter for my Nexus 7 2nd Gen so it has 2 USB ports. The reason why I'm not buying one from eBay (ect.) is because i don't w...
H: How is NAND flash going to die when overheating If I have a NAND flash which is say 70°C rated, what is going to happen to that NAND flash when I heat it to 80°C or 100°C? I'm thinking of a scenario when the 70°C rated sample actually starts producing errors at 71°C and I'm not looking at a sample which will have n...
H: Multithreading on AVR If I have an AVR micro controller and have an ISR coming up about every 100 micro seconds or so, can I change the stack pointer in the ISR and then fake multi threading? Psuedo code: uint8_t currentThread = 0; void* process0StackPointer = 0; uint8_t process0SREG = 0; void* process1StackPointer...
H: S21 parameters multiplication I have a two port system which consists of two subsystems. Is the multiplication of S21 parameters of the subsystems equal to that of the whole system? AI: It isn't that simple. There can also be an effect due to reflections back and forth between the input of L and the output of K. If...