book_id
stringlengths
2
6
title
stringclasses
1 value
author
stringclasses
1 value
conversations
listlengths
1
5.07k
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Highland Sports, mentions that if a wild cat, or fox, can be killed, and the body placed in the usual haunts of its kind, well surrounded with traps, curiosity or some such feeling will impel them to visit the" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "is used for catching many animals for which the ordinary gin is used; but the advantage which it possesses over the latter is that it captures all animals alive, which, in the case of a hare or a rabbit accidentally getting in, is of consequence, as it may be released unhurt, wh...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Notes on Natural History," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Wild Fowler," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Arctic Zoology," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "used in South America for capturing certain animals and birds, no description need be given, as this method of trapping is only to be performed by a person trained from childhood to ride and throw the lasso. The same remark applies to the use of the blowpipe (see Bates's" }, ...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Sportsman's Handbook," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The implement is so simple and so easily constructed that the price of it is inappreciable. About 3 ft. length of any straight metal or wooden tubing, 0.75 in. diameter, through which a pellet the size of a marble ...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Stonehenge, Folkard, Greener," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Wildfowler," }, { "from": "human", "value": "Bustard Shooting in Spain," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "florin, or say an inch across; those discs are--one fully concave, and the othe...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "More wet, more wet." } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "a lucid description of which I append, culled from the pages of Folkard's" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Wildfowler:" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "or basket may be used to sit on) to wait till flight time to procure specimens; but having myself sat in a marsh at night between a river and the sea in Norfolk more than once for several hours during a very severe winter, I cannot recommend this as a torrid amusement--indeed, t...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "A cormorant once perched himself on my back as I lay concealed on a rock enveloped in a drab driving coat, which so closely resembled the rock in colour that even he was deceived, and, taking my back as the highest pinnacle, accommodated himself accordingly; neither did he disco...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Captain Darwin's (" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "High Elms )" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Game Preservers' Manual, Jefferries'" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Amateur Poacher," }, { "from": "huma...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "sell knives of varied and serviceable patterns--other than those described--all of which have hard wood handles. Dissecting knives and scalpels, to be procured at any Surgical instrument maker's, are also very useful for fine work." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Tran...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "are in conjunction with a small, thick, round, camel-hair brush (used by artists for" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "), indispensable for" }, { "from": "human", "value": "What on earth has a goffering-iron to do with taxidermy?" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "mentioned above is best made, if wanted for small birds, from the broken steel of a wool comber's" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Arsenic, of course." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "It (arsenic) is dangerous to the operator and inefficient as a preservative." } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Oh! ah! yes! that specimen, I now recollect, was done by a very careless man I employed; he never half painted the skin." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "on as thickly as they can. Verbum sap.! A great outcry is being made at the present day as to arsenical wall papers...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "I have followed the bird-stuffing now for several years in connection with another trade, but I have never seen anything to touch it before. I have quite given up arsenic, and can get on fine without it, and only wish that I had known the grand secret before." }, { "from...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Dangerous! Not to be used!" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put all these ingredients in a pipkin, which place over a slow fire, stirring the mixture briskly till the several parts are dissolved and form one homogeneous mass. This may then be poured into a wide-mouthed...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Maunders' Treasury of Natural History, is, by a fine irony, entitled Bullock's" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Preservative" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Mix the whole thoroughly, and after reducing it to a powder pass it through a sieve. Keep in close tin canisters. This powder is more particularly adapted to fill up incisions made in the naked parts of quadrupeds and the skulls of large birds. It has been strongly recommended t...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "As far as I can glean from various sources, the medical profession has only within the last few years attempted to preserve whole bodies. Parts have, of course, been preserved in alcohol of some kind until they have literally crumbled away. At St. George's Hospital they use a pr...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Year Book of Pharmacy for 1880," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Poison," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Proof" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bay salt is salt formed by evaporation of sea-water in shallow lagoons or" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison." } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison." } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "and prepare some fresh specimens, and was very loth to use expensive spirits, or even methylated, for large fish, and therefore tried many things with varying results. At last I was driven back on Moeller's Solution, and by its aid saved some specimens which were slowly rotting ...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Manual of the Molluscs, says that chloride of calcium, made by dissolving chalk, or the purer carbonate --white marble,--in hydro-chloric acid until effervescence ceases and a saturated solution is obtained, is most useful as a preservative, as it" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "jars, is attacked by the contained spirit in such a manner as to be useless as a preventive of evaporation. Ordinary sealing wax," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Lithocolle" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "animals it must be remembered that the first pickle, whether alcoholic or not, is essentially deteriorated by the bloody mucus and water which exudes from the specimens, especially if large and" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "that I did not do so before--that benzoline perfectly preserves birds" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "for a considerable time. I tried it on a razorbill (Alta torda, 1.), which I placed in a" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": ") with excellent effect; in fact, as a destructive agent for insects, I prefer it to benzoline, having now mastered the hitherto fatal objections to its use on birds' skins. For the skins of mammals there is nothing to beat it. This will be enlarged on in the chapter on" }, ...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Waterton says--'The atmosphere of spirit of turpentine will allow neither acarus nor any insect to live in it: Do you believe this?" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "But in a preserved and stuffed skin there ought to be no fat to ooze out." } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Poison." } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Dextrine," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "); K2 and K3 second or" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "joint; q," }, { "from": "human", "value": "toe), called in ornithology the" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "(E) (in the case of large birds, or for some special purpose, this bone is often left intact, but the amateur will be puzzled how to subsequently arrange it in the skin if unbroken). Repeat this on the other wing. For those whose fingers are not strong enough to do this effectua...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "and" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "q (not the proper knee, however, that being situated higher up--Plate II), or tibio-tarsal joint. At this joint a bundle of little" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Set" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "be used instead of the common" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "wire (never use" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "(i, Plate II); push it gently along between the bone and the skin--meanwhile holding the wing with the left-hand fingers--along the side of or between the" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "finally pushing it into the body at the shoulder, and clenching it when it comes ...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "which are narrow strips of cardboard pinned in pairs at intervals below and above the wing, and held in position by pins running through both braces from the under to the upper surface. For explanation of this see Plate I (Frontispiece), a hawk properly" }, { "from": "gp...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "[Footnote:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Peat" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "or thigh bone (i, Plate III.) with the two smaller bones (" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "and" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "French nails" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "to fit the screws, bend each rod for 7 in. or more, at a sharp angle, at its screwed end, and push the pointed end down the fore legs from the inside, so that the points come through the ball of each foot, and having stuffed and bent the fore-legs into shape, push the screwed pa...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Supposing I get a fat dog, or animal of any kind, to set up, how can I manage such a subject satisfactorily? If I leave the fat on the skin I am doing wrong in every way, and if I trim it cleanly off, as it should be done, I stretch the skin to such an extent that my dog is comp...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "The animal is then stuffed with chopped tow, sand, or sawdust, sewn up, leaving the doubled wire outside; a hole is then made in a board (of the length and breadth suited to the specimen), through which the wire passes, and the" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "are kept...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Zoo" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "from the dead head, and the" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "to art:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Take a board, some tools, a well-kneaded lump of clay; place the head before you in strong light, and turn out a lifelike representation of it; wrinkles, muscles, and all--in clay." } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "and" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "fitted into an ordinary brace. Next, the prepared model requires blocking; this may be done as shown at Fig. 26. A slot to receive the board should have been previously cut in the plaster under-jaw of the model, or, in a more simple and efficient manner (see Fig. 31), by procuri...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "to the length and angle required, to determine upon the shape and size of the neck, and to fix the neck block (see Fig. 27) to the" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "needle (glover's needle) and strong hemp, double and waxed; commence your stitches at the skin in front of one of the horns, bring it around to the back, and enter your needle in the edge of the skin at the side, lace across and across, including the other horn, in the manner mo...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "killed, but when so, what bewailings over the" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "what anathemas upon the villain's head who is suspected of" }, { "from": "human", "value": "! If it were not so serious a matter, one would be inclined to laugh over Anthony Trol...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "[Footnote:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flocks and sacking are the harbouring places of Tinea Tapetzella, 1, a destructive little moth, the ravages of whose larvae once cost me all the" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "skin) of their inner lining (the mucous membrane), must have this replaced by wash leather sewn all around to form the" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Flat" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "parts. Wax is also used to paint over the mucous membrane, where shown or exposed. All this will be found fully explained in Chapter XII, thus exploding all the rubbish talked, and written, about" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "or" }, { "from": "human", "v...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "marks. Cover this with thin paper (cap paper) or muslin, which readily adheres by the natural mucus peculiar to fish. This process, it will be seen, keeps the scales fast in their seats during the operation of skinning, and gives also a" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "cotton, i.e," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "of the upper jaw, the other wire resting against the teeth inside the lower jaw. The fins being kept damp during the preceding operations, must now be" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "S.F. --than that you have been using previously in modelling mammals, or to fill out the skins of fishes; also some tempered clay--described in Chapter VII.--and some strips of board calculated to the depth, width, and length of the fish you wish to" }, { "from": "gpt", ...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "the fine plaster of Paris, in small quantities at a time, stirring each portion until all is ultimately mixed smoothly and without lumps; when enough is mixed--and the knowledge of quantity only comes with experience--pour it quickly, yet gently, over the whole surface of the fi...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "and undercut by the aid of the" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "and" }, { "from": "human", "value": "tools (see Figs. 29 and 30), the tablet must be pared flat by a long broad flat chisel called a" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "tempera painting,...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "on plaster, that I determined to try paper for the last cast or model; to this end I took lessons at a theatre in the art of" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Science Gossip for 1878, to which I must refer my readers for further details. They agree to differ, however, in one important particular. One writer says that plaster-work is as" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "! The other writer speaks of it as" }, { "from": ...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "process--described in Chapter XII. The mounting of such as these, by processes of taxidermy, differs from all previously described in this chapter. When of excessive size and weight, they may be" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Tanning, Currying, and Leather-dressing, by F. Dussance:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The Arts of Tanning, Currying, and Leather-dressing," }, { "from": "human", "value": "Before I describe this, however, it may be as well to say that no liquid, powder,...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "of clothes, is necessary. In the cases of some skins which are obstinate, thick, or have been simply sun-dried, as are many tigers' and leopards' skins sent from India, it will be found necessary to fix them over a sloping board or on the edge of a table, and to use a spokeshave...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "The skin, which should be removed from the animal as soon as possible after it has been killed, is stretched and tacked on to a board, the flesh side being outwards. This is at once covered with lard carefully spread over the entire surface, no portion being allowed to escape. A...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "border of cloth attached. The tools for" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "the skin, which means scraping and cutting away all superfluous flesh and fat, then lay it out flat and rub it well in with the burnt alum and saltpetre (Formula No. 9). In dressing thick skins, it will be advisable to make a paste of the alum and saltpetre by mixing it with a l...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "or by the more efficient professional" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "made of four bars of wood, to which the specimen is" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Hold, enough! and hand all future leather-dressing over to the professionals, I shall indeed think him" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "MAKING-UP" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "the skins procured by ourselves, or by others, and for this purpose we" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Relaxing" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Past master in the method can mount a skin in as artistic and natural a manner as if done from the flesh. Usually, specimens done from the" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "are at once recognisable by their uneasy and" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "was introduced, and the taxidermists were not long in finding out its valuable properties for feather cleaning." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Benzoline (Benzol, or Benzine C6H6), then came into more general use, and was, of course, found to have all the properties o...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Science, points out that the addition of salt to the water cleanses blood from feathers, by preventing the solution of the blood-globules, and diffusion to the colouring matter, or red haemoglobin. I have found this" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "MAKING UP From Pieces.--I have before mentioned that birds are sometimes made up feather by feather, and also when pulled to pieces for" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Piece Moulds," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Brunswick black, a cheap and durable brown, if laid on thinly, i.e. thinned with turps, is sometimes used for colouring the noses of mammals. It must be recollected, however, that greys predominate in some noses over browns, and that the surface is seldom of one tint, hence" }...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "--may be replaced by wax. White wax may be coloured in some instances before using. Paraffin wax does in some situations, but is not a very tractable medium. Dry colours may sometimes be rubbed into the wax with advantage. The colouring of a fish's skin, which, when set up and d...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Homes without Hands," } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "PIECE MOULDS AND MODELLING TONGUES, MUSCLES, etc, IN COMPOSITION. As I stated at the end of Chapter VII," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "has for its base one of three things--clay, plaster, or wax. The uses of the first I have fully explained--glue-water and plaster w...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "which is casting arranged to take moulds from anything" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "--which readily stretches enough to" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "undercuts and come off the model. To get a model from this glue mould, cover the original model you wish to cast from with as thick a covering of clay as you wish your gelatine mould to be when run; u...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "being inserted in the moulds." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Casting sand" } ]
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Some of these models contained thirty tons of clay, which had to be supported on four legs, as their natural history characteristics would not allow of my having recourse to any of the expedients for support allowed to sculptors in an ordinary case. I could have no trees, nor ro...
26014
Unknown Title
Unknown Author
[ { "from": "human", "value": "With regard to plaster casts of fruit, etc, a much neater and readier method of making the mould is to mix a sufficient quantity of beeswax with resin in a pipkin over a slow fire. It must be used whilst just lukewarm by either dipping the fruit--say, an apple--until sufficient ...