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codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Undesirable Calls/NextFromIterator.java
public class NextFromIterator implements Iterator<String> { private int position = -1; private List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>() {{ add("alpha"); add("bravo"); add("charlie"); add("delta"); add("echo"); add("foxtrot"); }}; public boolean hasNext() { return next() != null; // BAD: Call to 'next' } public String next() { position++; return position < list.size() ? list.get(position) : null; } public void remove() { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { NextFromIterator x = new NextFromIterator(); while(x.hasNext()) { System.out.println(x.next()); } } }
616
22.730769
88
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Undesirable Calls/DefaultToString.java
// This class does not have a 'toString' method, so 'java.lang.Object.toString' // is used when the class is converted to a string. class WrongPerson { private String name; private Date birthDate; public WrongPerson(String name, Date birthDate) { this.name =name; this.birthDate = birthDate; } } public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { DateFormat dateFormatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); WrongPerson wp = new WrongPerson("Robert Van Winkle", dateFormatter.parse("1967-10-31")); // BAD: The following statement implicitly calls 'Object.toString', // which returns something similar to: // WrongPerson@4383f74d System.out.println(wp); }
683
31.571429
90
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Undesirable Calls/CallsToRunFinalizersOnExitGood.java
// Instead of using finalizers, define explicit termination methods // and call them in 'finally' blocks. class LocalCache { private Collection<File> cacheFiles = ...; // Explicit method to close all cacheFiles public void dispose() { for (File cacheFile : cacheFiles) { disposeCacheFile(cacheFile); } } } void main() { LocalCache cache = new LocalCache(); try { // Use the cache } finally { // Call the termination method in a 'finally' block, to ensure that // the cache's resources are freed. cache.dispose(); } }
544
22.695652
69
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Undesirable Calls/CallsToStringToString.java
public static void main(String args[]) { String name = "John Doe"; // BAD: Unnecessary call to 'toString' on 'name' System.out.println("Hi, my name is " + name.toString()); // GOOD: No call to 'toString' on 'name' System.out.println("Hi, my name is " + name); }
270
29.111111
57
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Undesirable Calls/DefaultToStringGood.java
// This class does have a 'toString' method, which is used when the object is // converted to a string. class Person { private String name; private Date birthDate; public String toString() { DateFormat dateFormatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); return "(Name: " + name + ", Birthdate: " + dateFormatter.format(birthDate) + ")"; } public Person(String name, Date birthDate) { this.name =name; this.birthDate = birthDate; } } public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { DateFormat dateFormatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); Person p = new Person("Eric Arthur Blair", dateFormatter.parse("1903-06-25")); // GOOD: The following statement implicitly calls 'Person.toString', // which correctly returns a human-readable string: // (Name: Eric Arthur Blair, Birthdate: 1903-06-25) System.out.println(p); }
857
32
84
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Undesirable Calls/PrintLnArray.java
public static void main(String args[]) { String[] words = {"Who", "is", "John", "Galt"}; String[][] wordMatrix = {{"There", "is"}, {"no", "spoon"}}; // BAD: This implicitly uses 'Object.toString' to convert the contents // of 'words[]', and prints out something similar to: // [Ljava.lang.String;@459189e1 System.out.println(words); // GOOD: 'Arrays.toString' calls 'toString' on // each of the array's elements. The statement prints out: // [Who, is, John, Galt] System.out.println(Arrays.toString(words)); // ALMOST RIGHT: This calls 'toString' on each of the multi-dimensional // array's elements. However, because the elements are arrays, the statement // prints out something similar to: // [[Ljava.lang.String;@55f33675, [Ljava.lang.String;@527c6768]] System.out.println(Arrays.toString(wordMatrix)); // GOOD: This properly prints out the contents of the multi-dimensional array: // [[There, is], [no, spoon]] System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(wordMatrix)); }
997
40.583333
79
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Undesirable Calls/CallsToRunFinalizersOnExit.java
void main() { // ... // BAD: Call to 'runFinalizersOnExit' forces execution of all finalizers on termination of // the runtime, which can cause live objects to transition to an invalid state. // Avoid using this method (and finalizers in general). System.runFinalizersOnExit(true); // ... }
297
36.25
92
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Implementation Hiding/GetClassGetResource.java
package framework; class Address { public URL getPostalCodes() { // AVOID: The call is made on the run-time type of 'this'. return this.getClass().getResource("postal-codes.csv"); } } package client; class UKAddress extends Address { public void convert() { // Looks up "framework/postal-codes.csv" new Address().getPostalCodes(); // Looks up "client/postal-codes.csv" new UKAddress().getPostalCodes(); } }
471
26.764706
66
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Implementation Hiding/StaticArray.java
public class Display { // AVOID: Array constant is vulnerable to mutation. public static final String[] RGB = { "FF0000", "00FF00", "0000FF" }; void f() { // Re-assigning the "constant" is legal. RGB[0] = "00FFFF"; } }
231
20.090909
52
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Implementation Hiding/StaticArrayGood.java
// Solution 1: Extract to individual constants public class Display { public static final String RED = "FF0000"; public static final String GREEN = "00FF00"; public static final String BLUE = "0000FF"; } // Solution 2: Define constants using in an enum type public enum Display { RED ("FF0000"), GREEN ("00FF00"), BLUE ("0000FF"); private String rgb; private Display(int rgb) { this.rgb = rgb; } public String getRGB(){ return rgb; } } // Solution 3: Use an unmodifiable collection public class Display { public static final List<String> RGB = Collections.unmodifiableList( Arrays.asList("FF0000", "00FF00", "0000FF")); } // Solution 4: Use a utility method public class Utils { public static <T> List<T> constList(T... values) { return Collections.unmodifiableList( Arrays.asList(values)); } } public class Display { public static final List<String> RGB = Utils.constList("FF0000", "00FF00", "0000FF"); }
1,103
24.674419
58
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Implementation Hiding/ExposeRepresentation.java
public class Cart { private Set<Item> items; // ... // AVOID: Exposes representation public Set<Item> getItems() { return items; } } .... int countItems(Set<Cart> carts) { int result = 0; for (Cart cart : carts) { Set<Item> items = cart.getItems(); result += items.size(); items.clear(); // AVOID: Changes internal representation } return result; }
365
19.333333
58
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Implementation Hiding/GetClassGetResourceGood.java
package framework; class Address { public URL getPostalCodes() { // GOOD: The call is always made on an object of the same type. return Address.class.getResource("postal-codes.csv"); } } package client; class UKAddress extends Address { public void convert() { // Looks up "framework/postal-codes.csv" new Address().getPostalCodes(); // Looks up "framework/postal-codes.csv" new UKAddress().getPostalCodes(); } }
477
27.117647
71
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Implementation Hiding/AbstractToConcreteCollection.java
Customer getNext(List<Customer> queue) { if (queue == null) return null; LinkedList<Customer> myQueue = (LinkedList<Customer>)queue; // AVOID: Cast to concrete type. return myQueue.poll(); } Customer getNext(Queue<Customer> queue) { if (queue == null) return null; return queue.poll(); // GOOD: Use abstract type. }
328
24.307692
94
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Boxed Types/BoxedVariableBad.java
Boolean done = false; while (!done) { // ... done = true; // ... }
73
9.571429
21
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Boxed Types/BoxedVariableGood.java
boolean done = false; while (!done) { // ... done = true; // ... }
73
9.571429
21
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/DeadStoreOfLocal.java
Person find(String name) { Person result; for (Person p : people.values()) if (p.getName().equals(name)) result = p; // Redundant assignment result = people.get(name); return result;
192
26.571429
39
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/CreatesEmptyZip.java
class Archive implements Closeable { private ZipOutputStream zipStream; public Archive(File zip) throws IOException { OutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream(zip); stream = new BufferedOutputStream(stream); zipStream = new ZipOutputStream(stream); } public void archive(String name, byte[] content) throws IOException { ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(name); zipStream.putNextEntry(entry); // Missing call to 'write' zipStream.closeEntry(); } public void close() throws IOException { zipStream.close(); } }
533
24.428571
70
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/AssignmentInReturn.java
public class Utilities { public static int max(int a, int b, int c) { int ret = Math.max(a, b) return ret = Math.max(ret, c); // Redundant assignment } }
160
22
57
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/InterfaceCannotBeImplemented.java
interface I { int clone(); } class C implements I { public int clone() { return 23; } }
108
11.111111
24
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/UnreadLocal.java
// Version containing unread local variable public class Cart { private Map<Item, Integer> items = ...; public void add(Item i) { Integer quantity = items.get(i); if (quantity = null) quantity = 1; else quantity++; Integer oldQuantity = items.put(i, quantity); // AVOID: Unread local variable } } // Version with unread local variable removed public class Cart { private Map<Item, Integer> items = ...; public void add(Item i) { Integer quantity = items.get(i); if (quantity = null) quantity = 1; else quantity++; items.put(i, quantity); } }
577
22.12
80
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/PointlessForwardingMethod.java
import static java.lang.System.out; public class PointlessForwardingMethod { private static class Bad { // Violation: This print does nothing but forward to the other one, which is not // called independently. public void print(String firstName, String lastName) { print(firstName + " " + lastName); } public void print(String fullName) { out.println("Pointless forwarding methods are bad, " + fullName + "..."); } } private static class Better1 { // Better: Merge the methods, using local variables to replace the parameters in // the original version. public void print(String firstName, String lastName) { String fullName = firstName + " " + lastName; out.println("Pointless forwarding methods are bad, " + fullName + "..."); } } private static class Better2 { // Better: If there's no complicated logic, you can often remove the extra // variables entirely. public void print(String firstName, String lastName) { out.println( "Pointless forwarding methods are bad, " + firstName + " " + lastName + "..." ); } } public static void main(String[] args) { new Bad().print("Foo", "Bar"); new Better1().print("Foo", "Bar"); new Better2().print("Foo", "Bar"); } }
1,234
29.121951
82
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/NonAssignedFields.java
class Person { private String name; private int age; public Person(String name, int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public int getAge() { return age; } }
247
13.588235
41
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/UnusedLabel.java
public class WebStore { public boolean itemIsBeingBought(Item item) { boolean found = false; carts: // AVOID: Unused label for (int i = 0; i < carts.size(); i++) { Cart cart = carts.get(i); for (int j = 0; j < cart.numItems(); j++) { if (item.equals(cart.getItem(j))) { found = true; break; } } } return found; } }
354
21.1875
46
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/FinalizerNullsFields.java
class FinalizedClass { Object o = new Object(); String s = "abcdefg"; Integer i = Integer.valueOf(2); @Override protected void finalize() throws Throwable { super.finalize(); //No need to nullify fields this.o = null; this.s = null; this.i = null; } }
269
18.285714
45
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Dead Code/EmptyFinalize.java
class ExtendedLog extends Log { // ... protected void finalize() { // BAD: This empty 'finalize' stops 'super.finalize' from being executed. } } class Log implements Closeable { // ... public void close() { // ... } protected void finalize() { close(); } }
274
12.095238
75
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Magic Constants/MagicNumbersUseConstant.java
// Problem version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final String USERNAME = "test"; public static final int TIMEOUT = 60000; public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { int internalPort = 8080; // AVOID: Magic number new MagicConstants().serve(IP, internalPort, USERNAME, TIMEOUT); } } // Fixed version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final String USERNAME = "test"; public static final int TIMEOUT = 60000; public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { new MagicConstants().serve(IP, PORT, USERNAME, TIMEOUT); // Use 'PORT' constant } }
903
24.111111
82
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Magic Constants/MagicConstantsNumbers.java
// Problem version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final String USERNAME = "test"; public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { int timeout = 60000; // AVOID: Magic number new MagicConstants().serve(IP, PORT, USERNAME, timeout); } } // Fixed version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final String USERNAME = "test"; public static final int TIMEOUT = 60000; // Magic number is replaced by named constant public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { new MagicConstants().serve(IP, PORT, USERNAME, TIMEOUT); // Use 'TIMEOUT' constant } }
899
24.714286
88
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Magic Constants/MagicConstantsString.java
// Problem version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final int TIMEOUT = 60000; public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { String username = "test"; // AVOID: Magic string new MagicConstants().serve(IP, PORT, username, TIMEOUT); } } // Fixed version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final int USERNAME = "test"; // Magic string is replaced by named constant public static final int TIMEOUT = 60000; public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { new MagicConstants().serve(IP, PORT, USERNAME, TIMEOUT); // Use 'USERNAME' constant } }
897
24.657143
90
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Magic Constants/MagicStringsUseConstant.java
// Problem version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final String USERNAME = "test"; public static final int TIMEOUT = 60000; public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { String internalIp = "127.0.0.1"; // AVOID: Magic string new MagicConstants().serve(internalIp, PORT, USERNAME, TIMEOUT); } } // Fixed version public class MagicConstants { public static final String IP = "127.0.0.1"; public static final int PORT = 8080; public static final String USERNAME = "test"; public static final int TIMEOUT = 60000; public void serve(String ip, int port, String user, int timeout) { // ... } public static void main(String[] args) { new MagicConstants().serve(IP, PORT, USERNAME, TIMEOUT); //Use 'IP' constant } }
908
24.25
79
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Declarations/BreakInSwitchCase.java
class Server { public void respond(Event event) { Message reply = null; switch (event) { case PING: reply = Message.PONG; // Missing 'break' statement case TIMEOUT: reply = Message.PING; case PONG: // No reply needed } if (reply != null) send(reply); } private void send(Message message) { // ... } } enum Event { PING, PONG, TIMEOUT } enum Message { PING, PONG }
401
15.08
37
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Declarations/NoConstantsOnly.java
public class NoConstantsOnly { static interface MathConstants { public static final Double Pi = 3.14; } static class Circle implements MathConstants { public double radius; public double area() { return Math.pow(radius, 2) * Pi; } } }
275
17.4
45
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Declarations/MakeImportsExplicit.java
import java.util.*; // AVOID: Implicit import statements import java.awt.*; public class Customers { public List getCustomers() { // Compiler error: 'List' is ambiguous. ... } }
184
22.125
70
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Exception Handling/DroppedExceptions.java
// Dropped exception, with no information on whether // the exception is expected or not synchronized void waitIfAutoSyncScheduled() { try { while (isAutoSyncScheduled) { this.wait(1000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { } }
239
23
53
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Exception Handling/NumberFormatException.java
String s = ...; int n; n = Integer.parseInt(s); // BAD: NumberFormatException is not caught. try { n = Integer.parseInt(s); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // GOOD: The exception is caught. // Handle the exception }
240
20.909091
71
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Exception Handling/IgnoreExceptionalReturn.java
java.io.InputStream is = (...); byte[] b = new byte[16]; is.read(b);
68
22
31
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Exception Handling/DroppedExceptions-comment.java
synchronized void waitIfAutoSyncScheduled() { try { while (isAutoSyncScheduled) { this.wait(1000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { // Expected exception. The file cannot be synchronized yet. } }
211
22.555556
61
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Exception Handling/DroppedExceptions-good.java
// Exception is passed to 'ignore' method with a comment synchronized void waitIfAutoSyncScheduled() { try { while (isAutoSyncScheduled) { this.wait(1000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { Exceptions.ignore(e, "Expected exception. The file cannot be synchronized yet."); } }
290
28.1
83
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Exception Handling/ExceptionCatch.java
FileInputStream fis = ... try { fis.read(); } catch (Throwable e) { // BAD: The exception is too general. // Handle this exception } FileInputStream fis = ... try { fis.read(); } catch (IOException e) { // GOOD: The exception is specific. // Handle this exception }
274
18.642857
63
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Exception Handling/DroppedExceptions-ignore.java
// 'ignore' method. This method does nothing, but can be called // to document the reason why the exception can be ignored. public static void ignore(Throwable e, String message) { }
183
35.8
63
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Naming Conventions/ConfusingOverridesNames.java
public class Customer { private String title; private String forename; private String surname; // ... public String tostring() { // Incorrect capitalization of 'toString' return title + " " + forename + " " + surname; } }
232
18.416667
70
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Naming Conventions/AmbiguousOuterSuper.java
public class Outer { void printMessage() { System.out.println("Outer"); } class Inner extends Super { void ambiguous() { printMessage(); // Ambiguous call } } public static void main(String[] args) { new Outer().new Inner().ambiguous(); } } class Super { void printMessage() { System.out.println("Super"); } }
338
12.56
41
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Naming Conventions/ConfusingMethodNames.java
public class InternetResource { private String protocol; private String host; private String path; // ... public String toUri() { return protocol + "://" + host + "/" + path; } // ... public String toURI() { return toUri(); } }
244
12.611111
46
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Naming Conventions/FieldMasksSuperField.java
public class FieldMasksSuperField { static class Person { protected int age; public Person(int age) { this.age = age; } } static class Employee extends Person { protected int age; // This field hides 'Person.age'. protected int numberOfYearsEmployed; public Employee(int age, int numberOfYearsEmployed) { super(age); this.numberOfYearsEmployed = numberOfYearsEmployed; } } public static void main(String[] args) { Employee e = new Employee(20, 2); System.out.println(e.age); } }
629
25.25
63
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Naming Conventions/SameNameAsSuper.java
import com.company.util.Attendees; public class Meeting { private Attendees attendees; // ... // Many lines // ... // AVOID: This class has the same name as its superclass. private static class Attendees extends com.company.util.Attendees { // ... } }
264
15.5625
66
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Naming Conventions/LocalShadowsFieldConfusing.java
public class Container { private int[] values; // Field called 'values' public Container (int... values) { this.values = values; } public Container dup() { int length = values.length; int[] values = new int[length]; // Local variable called 'values' Container result = new Container(values); return result; } }
330
19.6875
68
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/Boolean Logic/SimplifyBoolExpr.java
boolean f1(List<Boolean> l) { for(Boolean x : l) { if (x == true) return true; } return false; } boolean f2(List<Boolean> l) { for(Boolean x : l) { if (x) return true; } return false; } void g1(List<Boolean> l1) { List<Boolean> l2 = new ArrayList<Boolean>(); for(Boolean x : l1) { l2.add(x == true); } } void g2(List<Boolean> l1) { List<Boolean> l2 = new ArrayList<Boolean>(); for(Boolean x : l1) { if (x == null) { // handle null case } l2.add(x); } }
483
14.612903
45
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/legacy/UnnecessaryCast.java
public class UnnecessaryCast { public static void main(String[] args) { Integer i = 23; Integer j = (Integer)i; // AVOID: Redundant cast } }
165
26.666667
57
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/legacy/ParameterAssignment.java
final private static double KM_PER_MILE = 1.609344; // AVOID: Example that assigns to a parameter public double milesToKM(double miles) { miles *= KM_PER_MILE; return miles; } // GOOD: Example of using an expression instead public double milesToKM(double miles) { return miles * KM_PER_MILE; } // GOOD: Example of using a local variable public double milesToKM(double miles) { double kilometres = miles * KM_PER_MILE; return kilometres; }
447
22.578947
51
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/legacy/InexactVarArg.java
class InexactVarArg { private static void length(Object... objects) { System.out.println(objects.length); } public static void main(String[] args) { String[] words = { "apple", "banana", "cherry" }; String[][] lists = { words, words }; length(words); // avoid: Argument does not clarify length(lists); // which parameter type is used. } }
354
24.357143
52
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Violations of Best Practice/legacy/AutoBoxing.java
Long sum = 0L; for (long k = 0; k < Integer.MAX_VALUE; k++) { sum += k; // AVOID: Inefficient unboxing and reboxing of 'sum' }
129
31.5
64
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/WrappedIteratorGood.java
class MySequence implements Iterable<MyElem> { // ... some reference to data public Iterator<MyElem> iterator() { return new Iterator<MyElem>() { // Correct: iteration state inside returned iterator final Iterator<MyElem> it = data.iterator(); public boolean hasNext() { return it.hasNext(); } public MyElem next() { return transformElem(it.next()); } public void remove() { // ... } }; } }
477
24.157895
58
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/IterableIteratorBad.java
class ElemIterator implements Iterator<MyElem>, Iterable<MyElem> { private MyElem[] data; private idx = 0; public boolean hasNext() { return idx < data.length; } public MyElem next() { return data[idx++]; } public Iterator<MyElem> iterator() { return this; } // ... } void useMySequence(Iterable<MyElem> s) { // do some work by traversing the sequence for (MyElem e : s) { // ... } // do some more work by traversing it again for (MyElem e : s) { // ... } }
510
17.925926
66
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/UselessUpcast.java
public class UselessUpcast { private static class B {} private static class D extends B {} private static void Foo(B b) { System.out.println("Foo(B)"); } private static void Foo(D d) { System.out.println("Foo(D)"); } private static class Expr {} private static class AddExpr extends Expr {} private static class SubExpr extends Expr {} public static void main(String[] args) { D d = new D(); B b_ = (B)d; // violation: redundant cast, consider removing B b = new D(); D d_ = (D)b; // non-violation: required downcast Foo(d); Foo((B)d); // non-violation: required to call Foo(B) // Non-violation: required to specify the type of the ternary operands. Expr e = d != null ? (Expr)new AddExpr() : new SubExpr(); } }
743
28.76
73
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/EnumIdentifier.java
class Old { public static void main(String[] args) { int enum = 13; // AVOID: 'enum' is a variable. System.out.println("The value of enum is " + enum); } }
163
19.5
53
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/TypeVarExtendsFinalType.java
class Printer { void print(List<? extends String> strings) { // Unnecessary wildcard for (String s : strings) System.out.println(s); } }
144
19.714286
70
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/UselessNullCheckBad.java
Object o = new Object(); if (o == null) { // this cannot happen! }
69
13
24
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/CastThisToTypeParameterFix.java
public class CastThisToTypeParameter { private abstract static class GoodBaseNode<T extends GoodBaseNode<T>> { public abstract T getSelf(); public abstract T getParent(); public T getRoot() { // GOOD: introduce an abstract method to enforce the constraint // that 'this' can be converted to T for derived types T cur = getSelf(); while(cur.getParent() != null) { cur = cur.getParent(); } return cur; } } private static class GoodConcreteNode extends GoodBaseNode<GoodConcreteNode> { private String name; private GoodConcreteNode parent; public GoodConcreteNode(String name, GoodConcreteNode parent) { this.name = name; this.parent = parent; } @Override public GoodConcreteNode getSelf() { return this; } @Override public GoodConcreteNode getParent() { return parent; } @Override public String toString() { return name; } } public static void main(String[] args) { GoodConcreteNode a = new GoodConcreteNode("a", null); GoodConcreteNode b = new GoodConcreteNode("b", a); GoodConcreteNode c = new GoodConcreteNode("c", a); GoodConcreteNode d = new GoodConcreteNode("d", b); GoodConcreteNode root = d.getRoot(); System.out.println(a + " " + root); } }
1,248
23.019231
79
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/DubiousTypeTestOfThis.java
public class DubiousTypeTestOfThis { private static class BadBase { private Derived d; public BadBase(Derived d) { if(d != null && this instanceof Derived) // violation this.d = (Derived)this; else this.d = d; } } private static class Derived extends BadBase { public Derived() { super(null); } } public static void main(String[] args) {} }
375
17.8
56
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/IterableIteratorGood2.java
class ElemIterator implements Iterator<MyElem>, Iterable<MyElem> { private MyElem[] data; private idx = 0; private boolean usedAsIterable = false; public boolean hasNext() { return idx < data.length; } public MyElem next() { return data[idx++]; } public Iterator<MyElem> iterator() { if (usedAsIterable || idx > 0) throw new IllegalStateException(); usedAsIterable = true; return this; } // ... }
444
21.25
66
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/TypeVariableHidesType.java
import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; class Mapping<Key, Entry> // The type variable 'Entry' shadows the imported interface 'Entry'. { // ... }
158
21.714286
95
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/WrappedIteratorBad2.java
class MySequence implements Iterable<MyElem> { // ... some reference to data final Iterator<MyElem> it = data.iterator(); // Wrong: iteration state outside returned iterator public Iterator<MyElem> iterator() { return new Iterator<MyElem>() { public boolean hasNext() { return it.hasNext(); } public MyElem next() { return transformElem(it.next()); } public void remove() { // ... } }; } }
468
23.684211
53
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/MissedTernaryOpportunity.java
public class MissedTernaryOpportunity { private static int myAbs1(int x) { // Violation if(x >= 0) return x; else return -x; } private static int myAbs2(int x) { // Better return x >= 0 ? x : -x; } public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 23; // Violation String s1; if(i == 23) s1 = "Foo"; else s1 = "Bar"; System.out.println(s1); // Better String s2 = i == 23 ? "Foo" : "Bar"; System.out.println(s2); } }
464
14.5
41
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/OverridePackagePrivate.java
// File 1 package gui; abstract class Widget { // ... // Return the width (in pixels) of this widget int width() { // ... } // ... } // File 2 package gui.extras; class PhotoResizerWidget extends Widget { // ... // Return the new width (of the photo when resized) public int width() { // ... } // ... }
369
11.758621
55
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/ImplementsAnnotationGood.java
@Deprecated public abstract class ImplementsAnnotationFix { // ... }
69
16.5
47
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/WrappedIteratorBad1.java
class MySequence implements Iterable<MyElem> { // ... some reference to data final Iterator<MyElem> it = data.iterator(); // Wrong: reused iterator public Iterator<MyElem> iterator() { return it; } } void useMySequence(MySequence s) { // do some work by traversing the sequence for (MyElem e : s) { // ... } // do some more work by traversing it again for (MyElem e : s) { // ... } }
419
20
46
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/EmptyStatement.java
public class Cart { // AVOID: Empty statement List<Item> items = new ArrayList<Cart>();; public void applyDiscount(float discount) { // AVOID: Empty statement as loop body for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); items.get(i++).applyDiscount(discount)); } }
258
31.375
76
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/IterableIteratorGood1.java
class ElemSequence implements Iterable<MyElem> { private MyElem[] data; public Iterator<MyElem> iterator() { return new Iterator<MyElem>() { private idx = 0; public boolean hasNext() { return idx < data.length; } public MyElem next() { return data[idx++]; } }; } // ... }
335
18.764706
48
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/ChainedInstanceof.java
import java.util.*; public class ChainedInstanceof { public static void main(String[] args) { // BAD: example of a sequence of type tests List<BadAnimal> badAnimals = new ArrayList<BadAnimal>(); badAnimals.add(new BadCat()); badAnimals.add(new BadDog()); for(BadAnimal a: badAnimals) { if(a instanceof BadCat) System.out.println("Miaow!"); else if(a instanceof BadDog) System.out.println("Woof!"); else throw new RuntimeException("Oops!"); } // GOOD: solution using polymorphism List<PolymorphicAnimal> polymorphicAnimals = new ArrayList<PolymorphicAnimal>(); polymorphicAnimals.add(new PolymorphicCat()); polymorphicAnimals.add(new PolymorphicDog()); for(PolymorphicAnimal a: polymorphicAnimals) a.speak(); // GOOD: solution using the visitor pattern List<VisitableAnimal> visitableAnimals = new ArrayList<VisitableAnimal>(); visitableAnimals.add(new VisitableCat()); visitableAnimals.add(new VisitableDog()); for(VisitableAnimal a: visitableAnimals) a.accept(new SpeakVisitor()); } //#################### TYPES FOR BAD EXAMPLE #################### private interface BadAnimal {} private static class BadCat implements BadAnimal {} private static class BadDog implements BadAnimal {} //#################### TYPES FOR POLYMORPHIC EXAMPLE #################### private interface PolymorphicAnimal { void speak(); } private static class PolymorphicCat implements PolymorphicAnimal { public void speak() { System.out.println("Miaow!"); } } private static class PolymorphicDog implements PolymorphicAnimal { public void speak() { System.out.println("Woof!"); } } //#################### TYPES FOR VISITOR EXAMPLE #################### private interface Visitor { void visit(VisitableCat c); void visit(VisitableDog d); } private static class SpeakVisitor implements Visitor { public void visit(VisitableCat c) { System.out.println("Miaow!"); } public void visit(VisitableDog d) { System.out.println("Woof!"); } } private interface VisitableAnimal { void accept(Visitor v); } private static class VisitableCat implements VisitableAnimal { public void accept(Visitor v) { v.visit(this); } } private static class VisitableDog implements VisitableAnimal { public void accept(Visitor v) { v.visit(this); } } }
2,321
34.181818
82
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/DubiousDowncastOfThis.java
public class DubiousDowncastOfThis { private static class BadBase { private Derived d; public BadBase(Derived d) { if(d != null && this instanceof Derived) this.d = (Derived)this; // violation else this.d = d; } } private static class Derived extends BadBase { public Derived() { super(null); } } public static void main(String[] args) {} }
376
17.85
47
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/UselessTypeTest.java
public class UselessTypeTest { private static class B {} private static class D extends B {} public static void main(String[] args) { D d = new D(); if(d instanceof B) { // violation System.out.println("Mon dieu, d is a B!"); } } }
245
21.363636
45
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/CastThisToTypeParameter.java
public class CastThisToTypeParameter { private abstract static class BadBaseNode<T extends BadBaseNode<T>> { public abstract T getParent(); public T getRoot() { // BAD: relies on derived types to use the right pattern T cur = (T)this; while(cur.getParent() != null) { cur = cur.getParent(); } return cur; } } }
338
23.214286
70
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Language Abuse/ImplementsAnnotation.java
public abstract class ImplementsAnnotation implements Deprecated { // ... }
76
24.666667
66
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/DeadEnumConstant.java
public enum Result { SUCCESS, FAILURE, ERROR } public Result runOperation(String value) { if (value == 1) { return SUCCESS; } else { return FAILURE; } } public static void main(String[] args) { Result operationResult = runOperation(args[0]); if (operationResult == Result.ERROR) { exit(1); } else { exit(0); } }
332
13.478261
48
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/DeadMethodTest.java
public class TestClass { @Before public void setUp() { // ... } @Test public void testCustomer() { // ... } }
121
9.166667
29
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/DeadFieldWrittenTo.java
public class FieldOnlyRead { private int writtenToField; public void runThing() { writtenToField = 2; callOtherThing(); } public static main(String[] args) { runThing(); } }
186
14.583333
36
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/NamespaceClass.java
/* * This class is dead because it is never constructed, and the instance methods are not * called. */ public class CustomerActions { public CustomerActions() { } // This method is never called, public Action createAddCustomerAction () { return new AddCustomerAction(); } // These two are used directly public static class AddCustomerAction extends Action { /* ... */ } public static class RemoveCustomerAction extends Action { /* ... */ } } public static void main(String[] args) { // Construct the actions directly Action action = new CustomerActions.AddCustomerAction(); action.run(); Action action = new CustomerActions.RemoveCustomerAction(); action.run(); }
685
25.384615
87
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/DeadFieldSerialized.java
@XmlRootElement public class SerializableClass { @XmlAttribute private String field; public void setField(String field) { this.field = field; } }
152
16
37
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/NamespaceClass2.java
// This class is now live - it is used as a namespace class public class CustomerActions { /* * This constructor is suppressing construction of this class, so is not considered * dead. */ private CustomerActions() { } // These two are used directly public static class AddCustomerAction extends Action { /* ... */ } public static class RemoveCustomerAction extends Action { /* ... */ } } public static void main(String[] args) { // Construct the actions directly Action action = new CustomerActions.AddCustomerAction(); action.run(); Action action = new CustomerActions.RemoveCustomerAction(); action.run(); }
627
30.4
84
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/UselessParameter.java
public void isAbsolutePath(String path, String name) { return path.startsWith("/") || path.startsWith("\\"); }
111
36.333333
54
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/DeadClass.java
public static void main(String[] args) { String firstName = /*...*/; String lastName = /*...*/; // Construct a customer Customer customer = new Customer(); // Set important properties (but not the address) customer.setName(firstName, lastName); // Save the customer customer.save(); } public class Customer { private Address address; // ... // This setter and getter are unused, and so may be deleted. public void addAddress(String line1, String line2, String line3) { address = new Address(line1, line2, line3); } public Address getAddress() { return address; } } /* * This class is only constructed from dead code, and may be deleted. */ public class Address { // ... public Address(String line1, String line2, String line3) { // ... } }
765
23.709677
69
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/DeadField.java
public class FieldOnlyRead { private int deadField; private int getDeadField() { return deadField; } }
108
14.571429
29
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/DeadCode/DeadMethod.java
public static void main(String[] args) { // Only call the live method liveMethod(); } /** This method is live because it is called by main(..) */ public static void liveMethod() { otherLiveMethod() } /** This method is live because it is called by a live method */ public static void otherLiveMethod() { } /** This method is dead because it is never called */ public static void deadMethod() { otherDeadMethod(); } /** This method is dead because it is only called by dead methods */ public static void otherDeadMethod() { }
533
22.217391
68
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Complexity/ComplexCondition.java
public class Dialog { // ... private void validate() { // TODO: check that this covers all cases if ((id != null && id.length() == 0) || ((partner == null || partner.id == -1) && ((option == Options.SHORT && parameter.length() == 0) || (option == Options.LONG && parameter.length() < 8)))) { disableOKButton(); } else { enableOKButton(); } } // ... }
381
19.105263
59
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Complexity/ComplexConditionGood.java
public class Dialog { // ... private void validate() { if(idIsEmpty() || (noPartnerId() && parameterLengthInvalid())){ // GOOD: Condition is simpler disableOKButton(); } else { enableOKButton(); } } private boolean idIsEmpty(){ return id != null && id.length() == 0; } private boolean noPartnerId(){ return partner == null || partner.id == -1; } private boolean parameterLengthInvalid(){ return (option == Options.SHORT && parameter.length() == 0) || (option == Options.LONG && parameter.length() < 8); } // ... }
627
22.259259
99
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/MissingVoidConstructorsOnSerializable.java
class WrongItem { private String name; // BAD: This class does not have a no-argument constructor, and throws an // 'InvalidClassException' at runtime. public WrongItem(String name) { this.name = name; } } class WrongSubItem extends WrongItem implements Serializable { public WrongSubItem() { super(null); } public WrongSubItem(String name) { super(name); } } class Item { private String name; // GOOD: This class declares a no-argument constructor, which allows serializable // subclasses to be deserialized without error. public Item() {} public Item(String name) { this.name = name; } } class SubItem extends Item implements Serializable { public SubItem() { super(null); } public SubItem(String name) { super(name); } }
859
19.47619
86
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/NonSerializableFieldTooGeneral.java
class WrongPair<L, R> implements Serializable{ private final L left; // BAD private final R right; // BAD: L and R are not guaranteed to be serializable public WrongPair(L left, R right){ ... } ... } class Pair<L extends Serializable, R extends Serializable> implements Serializable{ private final L left; // GOOD: L and R must implement Serializable private final R right; public Pair(L left, R right){ ... } ... } class WrongEvent implements Serializable{ private Object eventData; // BAD: Type is too general. public WrongEvent(Object eventData){ ... } } class Event implements Serializable{ private Serializable eventData; // GOOD: Force the user to supply only serializable data public Event(Serializable eventData){ ... } }
827
26.6
93
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/TransientNotSerializable.java
class State { // The 'transient' modifier has no effect here because // the 'State' class does not implement 'Serializable'. private transient int[] stateData; } class PersistentState implements Serializable { private int[] stateData; // The 'transient' modifier indicates that this field is not part of // the persistent state and should therefore not be serialized. private transient int[] cachedComputedData; }
421
34.166667
69
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/MissingVoidConstructorOnExternalizable.java
class WrongMemo implements Externalizable { private String memo; // BAD: No public no-argument constructor is defined. Deserializing this object // causes an 'InvalidClassException'. public WrongMemo(String memo) { this.memo = memo; } public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput arg0) throws IOException { //... } public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { //... } } class Memo implements Externalizable { private String memo; // GOOD: Declare a public no-argument constructor, which is used by the // serialization framework when the object is deserialized. public Memo() { } public Memo(String memo) { this.memo = memo; } public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException { //... } public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { //... } }
966
24.447368
89
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/NonSerializableComparator.java
// BAD: This is not serializable, and throws a 'java.io.NotSerializableException' // when used in a serializable sorted collection. class WrongComparator implements Comparator<String> { public int compare(String o1, String o2) { return o1.compareTo(o2); } } // GOOD: This is serializable, and can be used in collections that are meant to be serialized. class StringComparator implements Comparator<String>, Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -5972458403679726498L; public int compare(String arg0, String arg1) { return arg0.compareTo(arg1); } }
607
37
94
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/ReadResolveObject.java
class FalseSingleton implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -7480651116825504381L; private static FalseSingleton instance; private FalseSingleton() {} public static FalseSingleton getInstance() { if (instance == null) { instance = new FalseSingleton(); } return instance; } // BAD: Signature of 'readResolve' does not match the exact signature that is expected // (that is, it does not return 'java.lang.Object'). public FalseSingleton readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException { return FalseSingleton.getInstance(); } } class Singleton implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -7480651116825504381L; private static Singleton instance; private Singleton() {} public static Singleton getInstance() { if (instance == null) { instance = new Singleton(); } return instance; } // GOOD: Signature of 'readResolve' matches the exact signature that is expected. // It replaces the singleton that is read from a stream with an instance of 'Singleton', // instead of creating a new singleton. private Object readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException { return Singleton.getInstance(); } }
1,195
28.9
89
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/NonSerializableField.java
class DerivedFactors { // Class that contains derived values computed from entries in a private Number efficiency; // performance record private Number costPerItem; private Number profitPerItem; ... } class WrongPerformanceRecord implements Serializable { private String unitId; private Number dailyThroughput; private Number dailyCost; private DerivedFactors factors; // BAD: 'DerivedFactors' is not serializable // but is in a serializable class. This // causes a 'java.io.NotSerializableException' // when 'WrongPerformanceRecord' is serialized. ... } class PerformanceRecord implements Serializable { private String unitId; private Number dailyThroughput; private Number dailyCost; transient private DerivedFactors factors; // GOOD: 'DerivedFactors' is declared // 'transient' so it does not contribute to the // serializable state of 'PerformanceRecord'. ... }
1,147
40
99
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/NonSerializableInnerClass.java
class NonSerializableServer { // BAD: The following class is serializable, but the enclosing class // 'NonSerializableServer' is not. Serializing an instance of 'WrongSession' // causes a 'java.io.NotSerializableException'. class WrongSession implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 8970783971992397218L; private int id; private String user; WrongSession(int id, String user) { /*...*/ } } public WrongSession getNewSession(String user) { return new WrongSession(newId(), user); } } class Server { // GOOD: The following class can be correctly serialized because it is static. static class Session implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1065454318648105638L; private int id; private String user; Session(int id, String user) { /*...*/ } } public Session getNewSession(String user) { return new Session(newId(), user); } }
1,044
30.666667
82
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/IncorrectSerializableMethods.java
class WrongNetRequest implements Serializable { // BAD: Does not match the exact signature required for a custom // deserialization protocol. Will not be called during deserialization. void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) { //... } // BAD: Does not match the exact signature required for a custom // serialization protocol. Will not be called during serialization. protected void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) { //... } } class NetRequest implements Serializable { // GOOD: Signature for a custom deserialization implementation. private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) { //... } // GOOD: Signature for a custom serialization implementation. private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) { //... } }
743
28.76
72
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/IncorrectSerialVersionUID.java
class WrongNote implements Serializable { // BAD: serialVersionUID must be static, final, and 'long' private static final int serialVersionUID = 1; //... } class Note implements Serializable { // GOOD: serialVersionUID is of the correct type private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; }
300
26.363636
59
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Serialization/IncorrectSerializableMethodsSig.java
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException; private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException;
184
45.25
56
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Nullness/NullExprDeref.java
public int getID() { return helper == null ? null : helper.getID(); }
74
17.75
50
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Nullness/NullMaybe.java
public Integer f(Integer p) { return true ? p : 5; }
54
12.75
29
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Nullness/NullAlways.java
public void createDir(File dir) { if (dir != null || !dir.exists()) // BAD dir.mkdir(); } public void createDir(File dir) { if (dir != null && !dir.exists()) // GOOD dir.mkdir(); }
188
17.9
42
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Concurrency/UnreleasedLock.java
public void m() { lock.lock(); // A try { // ... method body } finally { // B lock.unlock(); } }
129
12
24
java
codeql
codeql-master/java/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Concurrency/DoubleCheckedLockingGood.java
private Object lock = new Object(); private volatile MyObject f = null; public MyObject getMyObject() { MyObject result = f; if (result == null) { synchronized(lock) { result = f; if (result == null) { result = new MyObject(); result.init(); f = result; // GOOD } } } return result; }
344
18.166667
35
java