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library_name: transformers
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---
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# Model Card for Model ID
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<!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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- **Model type:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Language(s) (NLP):** [More Information Needed]
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- **License:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Finetuned from model [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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### Model Sources
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<!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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- **Repository:**
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- **Paper
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- **Demo [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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## Uses
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### Direct Use
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<!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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### Downstream Use [optional]
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<!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Recommendations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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Use the code below to get started with the model.
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## Training Details
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### Training Data
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<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Training Procedure
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<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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#### Preprocessing
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#### Training Hyperparameters
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- **Training regime:**
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#### Speeds, Sizes, Times
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<!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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## Evaluation
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#### Testing Data
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#### Factors
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<!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Metrics
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<!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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### Results
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#### Summary
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## Model Examination
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<!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## Environmental Impact
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Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- **Hardware Type:**
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- **Hours used:**
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- **Cloud Provider:**
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- **Carbon Emitted:**
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## Technical Specifications [optional]
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### Model Architecture and Objective
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[More Information Needed]
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### Compute Infrastructure
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#### Hardware
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#### Software
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## Citation [optional]
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<!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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**BibTeX:**
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## More Information [optional]
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## Model Card Authors [optional]
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## Model Card Contact
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---
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library_name: transformers
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license: apache-2.0
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language:
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- en
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base_model:
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- meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct
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# Model Card for Model ID
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<!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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VeriFastScore is a factuality evaluation model designed for long-form LLM outputs. It jointly extracts and verifies factual claims in a single model pass, providing a faster alternative to pipeline-based evaluators like VeriScore.
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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<!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
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This is a fine-tuned LLaMA 3.1 8B Instruct model trained to extract and verify factual claims in long-form text, given associated retrieved evidence. The model is designed to reduce inference latency and cost while maintaining high agreement with more expensive pipeline-based factuality metrics.
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- **Developed by:** NGRAM at UMD, Lambda Labs
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- **Model type:** Factuality evaluation model (joint claim extraction and verification) (Causal LM)
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- **Language(s) (NLP):** English
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- **License:** Apache 2.0
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- **Finetuned from model:** meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct
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### Model Sources
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- **Repository:** <a href="https://github.com/RishanthRajendhran/VeriFastScore">github.com/RishanthRajendhran/VeriFastScore</a>
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- **Paper:** <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16973">arxiv.org/abs/2505.16973</a>
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## Uses
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### Direct Use
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<!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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The model takes as input a generated long-form response and a consolidated set of retrieved evidence sentences. It outputs a list of verifiable claims and corresponding factuality labels (Supported or Unsupported).
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### Downstream Use
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<!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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Can be used to score factuality in evaluation pipelines (e.g., RLHF supervision), dataset filtering, or system-level benchmarking of LLM factuality.
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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- Not intended for use without retrieved evidence.
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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The model inherits potential biases from its teacher supervision (VeriScore) and the base language model. It may underperform on ambiguous claims, noisy evidence, or non-English text.
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### Recommendations
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Use caution in high-stakes domains and supplement with human review if used for system-level feedback or alignment. Avoid use cases without explicit, relevant evidence input.
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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Use the code below to get started with the model.
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```python
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("rishanthrajendhran/VeriFastScore")
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model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("rishanthrajendhran/VeriFastScore")
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prompt = "<your prompt with evidence and response>"
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inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
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outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=512)
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print(tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
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```
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## Training Details
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### Training Data
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Synthetic (response, evidence, claim, label) examples generated via VeriScore applied to long-form prompts from datasets like Tulu3-Personas. See <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16973" style="color:black;">paper</a> for more details.
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### Training Procedure
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<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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Two-stage fine-tuning:
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- Stage 1: Supervision with claim-level evidence.
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- Stage 2: Supervision with a mixture of claim- and sentence-level evidence.
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#### Preprocessing
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In the original VeriFastScore pipeline, evidence is aggregated at the sentence level per response, tokenized, and paired with output claims using a structured prompt template. However, the \VeriFastScore model is agnostic to the provenance of the provided evidence.
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#### Training Hyperparameters
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- **Training regime:** : bf16 mixed precision
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- **Optimizer**: AdamW
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- **Scheduler**: Cosine decay (optional placeholder)
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- **Batch size**: 8 (effective)
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- **Epochs**: 10 (5+5)
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#### Speeds, Sizes, Times
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- Training Time: ~24*4 GPU hours (roughly 2 sec per training instance)
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- Model Size: 8B parameters
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## Evaluation
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#### Testing Data
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- ~9k test instances using both claim-level and sentence-level evidence
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- Model rankings: 100 prompts from the Tulu3-Personas test set with responses from 12 LLMs
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#### Metrics
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- Claim-level accuracy, precision, recall (automatic judgements using GPT-4o-mini)
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- Pearson correlation with factuality scores from VeriScore
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### Results
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- (Claim-level evidence) Pearson r with VeriScore: 0.86, p<0.001
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- (Sentence-level evidence) Pearson r with VeriScore: 0.80, p<0.001
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- Model rankings:
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- System-level Pearson r: 0.94, p<0.001
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- Speedup: 6.6× (9.9× if excluding retrieval)
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See paper for more details.
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#### Summary
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VeriFastScore delivers fast, interpretable factuality scores that closely track a strong multi-step baseline, while reducing cost and latency for large-scale evaluation.
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## Model Examination
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<!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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Future work could explore explainability or rationale generation via mode-switching techniques or chain-of-thought prompting.
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## Environmental Impact
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Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- **Hardware Type:** A100 (Training), GH200 (Evaluation, Testing)
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- **Hours used:** 96 (Training)
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- **Cloud Provider:** Lambda Labs
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- **Compute Region:** us-central1
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- **Carbon Emitted:** 10.37 (Training)
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## Citation [optional]
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**BibTeX:**
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<pre>
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@misc{rajendhran2025verifastscorespeedinglongformfactuality,
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title={VeriFastScore: Speeding up long-form factuality evaluation},
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author={Rishanth Rajendhran and Amir Zadeh and Matthew Sarte and Chuan Li and Mohit Iyyer},
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year={2025},
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eprint={2505.16973},
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archivePrefix={arXiv},
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primaryClass={cs.CL},
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16973},
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}
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</pre>
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## Model Card Contact
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rishanth@umd.edu
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