# Write a Python Program for Binary Insertion Sort 
# Python Program implementation  
# of binary insertion sort
  
def binary_search(arr, val, start, end):
    # we need to distinugish whether we should insert
    # before or after the left boundary.
    # imagine [0] is the last step of the binary search
    # and we need to decide where to insert -1
    if start == end:
        if arr[start] > val:
            return start
        else:
            return start+1
  
    # this occurs if we are moving beyond left\'s boundary
    # meaning the left boundary is the least position to
    # find a number greater than val
    if start > end:
        return start
  
    mid = (start+end)/2
    if arr[mid] < val:
        return binary_search(arr, val, mid+1, end)
    elif arr[mid] > val:
        return binary_search(arr, val, start, mid-1)
    else:
        return mid
  
def insertion_sort(arr):
    for i in xrange(1, len(arr)):
        val = arr[i]
        j = binary_search(arr, val, 0, i-1)
        arr = arr[:j] + [val] + arr[j:i] + arr[i+1:]
    return arr
  
print("Sorted array:")
print insertion_sort([37, 23, 0, 17, 12, 72, 31,
                        46, 100, 88, 54])
  
# Code contributed by Mohit Gupta_OMG 