---
license: other
license_name: mixed-see-readme
task_categories:
  - visual-question-answering
tags:
  - surgery
  - surgical-video
  - foreign-object-detection
  - orena-focus
---

# ORena FOCUS 2026 — FRAME supplementary annotations (public half)

Supplementary VQA annotations produced by **MLO-Lab** for the ORena FOCUS 2026 FRAME track.
This is the openly releasable half; the LapChole-FOCUS half is withheld under that dataset's
usage agreement until the organisers publish it.

| | rows |
|---|---:|
| `vqa/heico_derived.jsonl` — HeiCo-FOCUS | 7,608 |
| `vqa/hernia_mesh.jsonl` — hernia videos | 1,350 |
| **total** | **8,958** |

Also included: `raw/hernia_mesh_annotations/` (12 frame-level annotation sheets) and
`frames/` (232 JPEGs, 30 MB).

## Frames

**HeiCo frames are not redistributed.** Each row carries `frame_index`, the absolute frame
number in the source video, so the image resolves from your own copy of FOCUS at
`<root>/heico/frames/<video>/frame<NNNNNNN>.jpg`.

**Hernia frames are included** because the videos are not part of FOCUS. All 232 are frames
the annotation sheets mark up directly — the annotated set exactly, nothing beyond it.

## Licensing

Not uniform — read before reuse.

* **HeiCo-derived questions** — derivative annotations of HeiCo-FOCUS; the underlying
  dataset's terms apply.
* **Hernia frames and questions** — the source videos carry the **standard YouTube licence,
  not an open licence**. We redistribute annotated frames only, never the video, under a
  direct agreement with the channel owner, for **non-commercial research use only**. Full
  provenance with titles and links is in [`SOURCES.md`](SOURCES.md) and `sources.json`.

## Use

Code, schemas and the merge tooling: **https://github.com/MLO-lab/frame-orena**

```bash
python annotations/fetch.py
sbatch slurm/1_prepare_data.sbatch
```

The remaining 5,048 questions are the withheld LapChole half, available on request.

## Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dr. Todd S. Harris of California Hernia Specialists, who kindly allowed us
to use twelve of his publicly available laparoscopic hernia-repair videos in this work. His
permission covers non-commercial research use and the release of the annotated frames; the
original videos remain his and are not redistributed. The video titles and links are listed
in `SOURCES.md`.