id
stringlengths
8
29
pattern
stringclasses
20 values
shape
stringclasses
6 values
label
stringclasses
2 values
vuln_class
stringclasses
19 values
why
stringclasses
6 values
code
stringlengths
189
918
xxe_none
xxe
none
unsafe
xml external entity
no guard is applied on this path
import defusedxml.ElementTree as SAFEET import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET def _parse_trusted(blob): """Internal feeds only; these come from our own signed bundles.""" return ET.fromstring(blob) def import_feed(request): return ET.fromstring(request.body)
xxe_covers
xxe
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
import defusedxml.ElementTree as SAFEET import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET def _parse_trusted(blob): """Internal feeds only; these come from our own signed bundles.""" return ET.fromstring(blob) def import_feed(request): return SAFEET.fromstring(request.body)
xxe_wrong_value
xxe
wrong_value
unsafe
xml external entity
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
import defusedxml.ElementTree as SAFEET import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET def _parse_trusted(blob): """Internal feeds only; these come from our own signed bundles.""" return ET.fromstring(blob) def import_feed(request): SAFEET.fromstring(request.headers.get("X-Manifest", "<m/>")) return ET.fromstring...
xxe_irrelevant
xxe
irrelevant
unsafe
xml external entity
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
import defusedxml.ElementTree as SAFEET import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET def _parse_trusted(blob): """Internal feeds only; these come from our own signed bundles.""" return ET.fromstring(blob) def import_feed(request): if len(request.body) > 2_000_000: raise ValueError("feed too large") retu...
xxe_elsewhere
xxe
elsewhere
unsafe
xml external entity
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
import defusedxml.ElementTree as SAFEET import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET def _parse_trusted(blob): """Internal feeds only; these come from our own signed bundles.""" return ET.fromstring(blob) def import_manifest(request): return SAFEET.fromstring(request.body) def import_feed(request): return _par...
xxe_covers_alt
xxe
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
import defusedxml.ElementTree as SAFEET import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET def _parse_trusted(blob): """Internal feeds only; these come from our own signed bundles.""" return ET.fromstring(blob) def import_feed(request): parser = ET.XMLParser() parser.parser.DefaultHandlerExpand = None parser.enti...
ssti_none
ssti
none
unsafe
server-side template injection
no guard is applied on this path
from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape from jinja2.sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment SANDBOX = SandboxedEnvironment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) LOOSE = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) def render_signature(user): return LOOSE.from_string(user.signature_template).render(user=user)
ssti_covers
ssti
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape from jinja2.sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment SANDBOX = SandboxedEnvironment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) LOOSE = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) def render_signature(user): return SANDBOX.from_string(user.signature_template).render(user=user)
ssti_wrong_value
ssti
wrong_value
unsafe
server-side template injection
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape from jinja2.sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment SANDBOX = SandboxedEnvironment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) LOOSE = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) def render_signature(user): SANDBOX.from_string(user.display_name).render() return LOOSE.from_str...
ssti_irrelevant
ssti
irrelevant
unsafe
server-side template injection
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape from jinja2.sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment SANDBOX = SandboxedEnvironment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) LOOSE = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) def render_signature(user): if "<script" in user.signature_template.lower(): raise ValueError...
ssti_elsewhere
ssti
elsewhere
unsafe
server-side template injection
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape from jinja2.sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment SANDBOX = SandboxedEnvironment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) LOOSE = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) def render_footer(org): return SANDBOX.from_string(org.footer_template).render(org=org) def render_s...
ssti_covers_alt
ssti
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape from jinja2.sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment SANDBOX = SandboxedEnvironment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) LOOSE = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape()) ALLOWED_VARS = ("name", "org", "title") def render_signature(user): tmpl = user.signature_template ...
redos_none
redos
none
unsafe
regular expression denial of service
no guard is applied on this path
import re, regex MAX_PATTERN_LEN = 200 def _compile_bounded(p): """regex module supports a match timeout; re does not.""" return regex.compile(p) def search_logs(lines, user_pattern): rx = re.compile(user_pattern) return [l for l in lines if rx.search(l)]
redos_covers
redos
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
import re, regex MAX_PATTERN_LEN = 200 def _compile_bounded(p): """regex module supports a match timeout; re does not.""" return regex.compile(p) def search_logs(lines, user_pattern): rx = _compile_bounded(user_pattern) return [l for l in lines if rx.search(l, timeout=0.25)]
redos_wrong_value
redos
wrong_value
unsafe
regular expression denial of service
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
import re, regex MAX_PATTERN_LEN = 200 def _compile_bounded(p): """regex module supports a match timeout; re does not.""" return regex.compile(p) def search_logs(lines, user_pattern, highlight): _compile_bounded(highlight) rx = re.compile(user_pattern) return [l for l in lines if rx.search(l)]
redos_irrelevant
redos
irrelevant
unsafe
regular expression denial of service
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
import re, regex MAX_PATTERN_LEN = 200 def _compile_bounded(p): """regex module supports a match timeout; re does not.""" return regex.compile(p) def search_logs(lines, user_pattern): if len(user_pattern) > MAX_PATTERN_LEN: raise ValueError("pattern too long") rx = re.compile(user_pattern) ...
redos_elsewhere
redos
elsewhere
unsafe
regular expression denial of service
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
import re, regex MAX_PATTERN_LEN = 200 def _compile_bounded(p): """regex module supports a match timeout; re does not.""" return regex.compile(p) def search_alerts(rows, user_pattern): rx = _compile_bounded(user_pattern) return [r for r in rows if rx.search(r, timeout=0.25)] def search_logs(lines, u...
redos_covers_alt
redos
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
import re, regex MAX_PATTERN_LEN = 200 def _compile_bounded(p): """regex module supports a match timeout; re does not.""" return regex.compile(p) def search_logs(lines, user_pattern): rx = regex.compile(regex.escape(user_pattern)) return [l for l in lines if rx.search(l)]
host_header_none
host_header
none
unsafe
host header injection
no guard is applied on this path
TRUSTED_HOSTS = {"app.example.com", "www.example.com"} def _origin(request): host = request.headers.get("Host", "") if host not in TRUSTED_HOSTS: raise ValueError("untrusted host") return "https://" + host def send_reset(user, request, token): link = "https://" + request.headers["Host"] + "/re...
host_header_covers
host_header
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
TRUSTED_HOSTS = {"app.example.com", "www.example.com"} def _origin(request): host = request.headers.get("Host", "") if host not in TRUSTED_HOSTS: raise ValueError("untrusted host") return "https://" + host def send_reset(user, request, token): mail(user.email, _origin(request) + "/reset?t=" + ...
host_header_wrong_value
host_header
wrong_value
unsafe
host header injection
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
TRUSTED_HOSTS = {"app.example.com", "www.example.com"} def _origin(request): host = request.headers.get("Host", "") if host not in TRUSTED_HOSTS: raise ValueError("untrusted host") return "https://" + host def send_reset(user, request, token): _origin(request) link = "https://" + request.h...
host_header_irrelevant
host_header
irrelevant
unsafe
host header injection
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
TRUSTED_HOSTS = {"app.example.com", "www.example.com"} def _origin(request): host = request.headers.get("Host", "") if host not in TRUSTED_HOSTS: raise ValueError("untrusted host") return "https://" + host def send_reset(user, request, token): host = request.headers.get("Host", "") if len(...
host_header_elsewhere
host_header
elsewhere
unsafe
host header injection
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
TRUSTED_HOSTS = {"app.example.com", "www.example.com"} def _origin(request): host = request.headers.get("Host", "") if host not in TRUSTED_HOSTS: raise ValueError("untrusted host") return "https://" + host def send_invite(user, request, token): mail(user.email, _origin(request) + "/invite?t=" ...
host_header_covers_alt
host_header
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
TRUSTED_HOSTS = {"app.example.com", "www.example.com"} def _origin(request): host = request.headers.get("Host", "") if host not in TRUSTED_HOSTS: raise ValueError("untrusted host") return "https://" + host CANONICAL_ORIGIN = "https://app.example.com" def send_reset(user, request, token): mail...
weak_token_none
weak_token
none
unsafe
insecure randomness
no guard is applied on this path
import random, secrets TOKEN_BYTES = 32 def _strong_token(): return secrets.token_urlsafe(TOKEN_BYTES) def new_reset_token(user): t = "".join(random.choice("0123456789abcdef") for _ in range(32)) store(user, t); return t
weak_token_covers
weak_token
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
import random, secrets TOKEN_BYTES = 32 def _strong_token(): return secrets.token_urlsafe(TOKEN_BYTES) def new_reset_token(user): t = _strong_token() store(user, t); return t
weak_token_wrong_value
weak_token
wrong_value
unsafe
insecure randomness
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
import random, secrets TOKEN_BYTES = 32 def _strong_token(): return secrets.token_urlsafe(TOKEN_BYTES) def new_reset_token(user): _strong_token() t = "%d%d" % (int(time.time()), random.randint(0, 10**9)) store(user, t); return t
weak_token_irrelevant
weak_token
irrelevant
unsafe
insecure randomness
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
import random, secrets TOKEN_BYTES = 32 def _strong_token(): return secrets.token_urlsafe(TOKEN_BYTES) def new_reset_token(user): t = "".join(random.choice("0123456789abcdef") for _ in range(64)) if len(t) < 32: raise ValueError("token too short") store(user, t); return t
weak_token_elsewhere
weak_token
elsewhere
unsafe
insecure randomness
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
import random, secrets TOKEN_BYTES = 32 def _strong_token(): return secrets.token_urlsafe(TOKEN_BYTES) def new_session_token(user): t = _strong_token() store(user, t); return t def new_reset_token(user): t = "".join(random.choice("0123456789abcdef") for _ in range(32)) store(user, t); return t
weak_token_covers_alt
weak_token
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
import random, secrets TOKEN_BYTES = 32 def _strong_token(): return secrets.token_urlsafe(TOKEN_BYTES) def new_reset_token(user): t = secrets.token_hex(TOKEN_BYTES) store(user, t); return t
csv_injection_none
csv_injection
none
unsafe
formula injection
no guard is applied on this path
DANGEROUS_PREFIX = ("=", "+", "-", "@", "\t", "\r") def _neutralise(v): s = "" if v is None else str(v) return "'" + s if s.startswith(DANGEROUS_PREFIX) else s def export_rows(rows, out): w = csv.writer(out) for r in rows: w.writerow([r.name, r.note])
csv_injection_covers
csv_injection
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
DANGEROUS_PREFIX = ("=", "+", "-", "@", "\t", "\r") def _neutralise(v): s = "" if v is None else str(v) return "'" + s if s.startswith(DANGEROUS_PREFIX) else s def export_rows(rows, out): w = csv.writer(out) for r in rows: w.writerow([_neutralise(r.name), _neutralise(r.note)])
csv_injection_wrong_value
csv_injection
wrong_value
unsafe
formula injection
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
DANGEROUS_PREFIX = ("=", "+", "-", "@", "\t", "\r") def _neutralise(v): s = "" if v is None else str(v) return "'" + s if s.startswith(DANGEROUS_PREFIX) else s def export_rows(rows, out): w = csv.writer(out) for r in rows: w.writerow([_neutralise(r.name), r.note])
csv_injection_irrelevant
csv_injection
irrelevant
unsafe
formula injection
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
DANGEROUS_PREFIX = ("=", "+", "-", "@", "\t", "\r") def _neutralise(v): s = "" if v is None else str(v) return "'" + s if s.startswith(DANGEROUS_PREFIX) else s def export_rows(rows, out): w = csv.writer(out) for r in rows: w.writerow([html.escape(r.name), html.escape(r.note)])
csv_injection_elsewhere
csv_injection
elsewhere
unsafe
formula injection
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
DANGEROUS_PREFIX = ("=", "+", "-", "@", "\t", "\r") def _neutralise(v): s = "" if v is None else str(v) return "'" + s if s.startswith(DANGEROUS_PREFIX) else s def export_summary(rows, out): w = csv.writer(out) for r in rows: w.writerow([_neutralise(r.label)]) def export_rows(rows, out): ...
csv_injection_covers_alt
csv_injection
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
DANGEROUS_PREFIX = ("=", "+", "-", "@", "\t", "\r") def _neutralise(v): s = "" if v is None else str(v) return "'" + s if s.startswith(DANGEROUS_PREFIX) else s def export_rows(rows, out): w = csv.writer(out, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL) for r in rows: w.writerow([_neutralise(x) for x in (r.name, r.n...
zip_bomb_none
zip_bomb
none
unsafe
resource exhaustion
no guard is applied on this path
MAX_TOTAL = 200 * 1024 * 1024 def _checked_members(z): total = 0 for info in z.infolist(): total += info.file_size if total > MAX_TOTAL: raise ValueError("archive expands too large") yield info def unpack(path, dest): with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as z: z.extractal...
zip_bomb_covers
zip_bomb
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
MAX_TOTAL = 200 * 1024 * 1024 def _checked_members(z): total = 0 for info in z.infolist(): total += info.file_size if total > MAX_TOTAL: raise ValueError("archive expands too large") yield info def unpack(path, dest): with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as z: for info in...
zip_bomb_wrong_value
zip_bomb
wrong_value
unsafe
resource exhaustion
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
MAX_TOTAL = 200 * 1024 * 1024 def _checked_members(z): total = 0 for info in z.infolist(): total += info.file_size if total > MAX_TOTAL: raise ValueError("archive expands too large") yield info def unpack(path, dest): with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as z: list(_check...
zip_bomb_irrelevant
zip_bomb
irrelevant
unsafe
resource exhaustion
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
MAX_TOTAL = 200 * 1024 * 1024 def _checked_members(z): total = 0 for info in z.infolist(): total += info.file_size if total > MAX_TOTAL: raise ValueError("archive expands too large") yield info def unpack(path, dest): if os.path.getsize(path) > 20 * 1024 * 1024: ...
zip_bomb_elsewhere
zip_bomb
elsewhere
unsafe
resource exhaustion
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
MAX_TOTAL = 200 * 1024 * 1024 def _checked_members(z): total = 0 for info in z.infolist(): total += info.file_size if total > MAX_TOTAL: raise ValueError("archive expands too large") yield info def unpack_theme(path, dest): with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as z: for i...
zip_bomb_covers_alt
zip_bomb
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
MAX_TOTAL = 200 * 1024 * 1024 def _checked_members(z): total = 0 for info in z.infolist(): total += info.file_size if total > MAX_TOTAL: raise ValueError("archive expands too large") yield info def unpack(path, dest): written = 0 with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as z: ...
ldap_injection_none
ldap_injection
none
unsafe
ldap injection
no guard is applied on this path
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars BASE_DN = "ou=people,dc=example,dc=com" def _filter_for(uid): return "(uid=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(uid) def find_user(conn, uid): conn.search(BASE_DN, "(uid=%s)" % uid) return conn.entries
ldap_injection_covers
ldap_injection
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars BASE_DN = "ou=people,dc=example,dc=com" def _filter_for(uid): return "(uid=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(uid) def find_user(conn, uid): conn.search(BASE_DN, _filter_for(uid)) return conn.entries
ldap_injection_wrong_value
ldap_injection
wrong_value
unsafe
ldap injection
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars BASE_DN = "ou=people,dc=example,dc=com" def _filter_for(uid): return "(uid=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(uid) def find_user(conn, uid, dept): _filter_for(dept) conn.search(BASE_DN, "(&(uid=%s)(ou=%s))" % (uid, escape_filter_chars(dept))) return conn.entri...
ldap_injection_irrelevant
ldap_injection
irrelevant
unsafe
ldap injection
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars BASE_DN = "ou=people,dc=example,dc=com" def _filter_for(uid): return "(uid=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(uid) def find_user(conn, uid): if not uid or len(uid) > 64: raise ValueError("bad uid length") conn.search(BASE_DN, "(uid=%s)" % uid) return c...
ldap_injection_elsewhere
ldap_injection
elsewhere
unsafe
ldap injection
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars BASE_DN = "ou=people,dc=example,dc=com" def _filter_for(uid): return "(uid=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(uid) def find_group(conn, gid): conn.search(BASE_DN, "(cn=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(gid)) return conn.entries def find_user(conn, uid): conn.search(...
ldap_injection_covers_alt
ldap_injection
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars BASE_DN = "ou=people,dc=example,dc=com" def _filter_for(uid): return "(uid=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(uid) def find_user(conn, uid): conn.search(BASE_DN, "(uid=%s)" % escape_filter_chars(uid)) return conn.entries
ssrf_redirect_none
ssrf_redirect
none
unsafe
server-side request forgery
no guard is applied on this path
import requests from urllib.parse import urlparse ALLOWED = {"api.partner.com", "cdn.partner.com"} def _checked(url): if urlparse(url).hostname not in ALLOWED: raise ValueError("host not allowed") return url def fetch_avatar(url): return requests.get(url, timeout=5).content
ssrf_redirect_covers
ssrf_redirect
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
import requests from urllib.parse import urlparse ALLOWED = {"api.partner.com", "cdn.partner.com"} def _checked(url): if urlparse(url).hostname not in ALLOWED: raise ValueError("host not allowed") return url def fetch_avatar(url): return requests.get(_checked(url), timeout=5, allow_redirects=Fals...
ssrf_redirect_covers_alt
ssrf_redirect
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
import requests from urllib.parse import urlparse ALLOWED = {"api.partner.com", "cdn.partner.com"} def _checked(url): if urlparse(url).hostname not in ALLOWED: raise ValueError("host not allowed") return url def fetch_avatar(url): r = requests.get(_checked(url), timeout=5, allow_redirects=True) ...
ssrf_redirect_wrong_value
ssrf_redirect
wrong_value
unsafe
server-side request forgery
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
import requests from urllib.parse import urlparse ALLOWED = {"api.partner.com", "cdn.partner.com"} def _checked(url): if urlparse(url).hostname not in ALLOWED: raise ValueError("host not allowed") return url def fetch_avatar(url, fallback): _checked(fallback) return requests.get(url, timeout=...
ssrf_redirect_irrelevant
ssrf_redirect
irrelevant
unsafe
server-side request forgery
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
import requests from urllib.parse import urlparse ALLOWED = {"api.partner.com", "cdn.partner.com"} def _checked(url): if urlparse(url).hostname not in ALLOWED: raise ValueError("host not allowed") return url def fetch_avatar(url): if not url.startswith("https://"): raise ValueError("https...
ssrf_redirect_elsewhere
ssrf_redirect
elsewhere
unsafe
server-side request forgery
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
import requests from urllib.parse import urlparse ALLOWED = {"api.partner.com", "cdn.partner.com"} def _checked(url): if urlparse(url).hostname not in ALLOWED: raise ValueError("host not allowed") return url def fetch_manifest(url): return requests.get(_checked(url), timeout=5, allow_redirects=Fa...
csrf_missing_none
csrf_missing
none
unsafe
cross-site request forgery
no guard is applied on this path
from functools import wraps def require_csrf(fn): @wraps(fn) def inner(request, *a, **kw): if request.form.get("csrf") != request.session.get("csrf"): abort(403) return fn(request, *a, **kw) return inner @app.post("/account/email") def change_email(request): request.user.em...
csrf_missing_covers
csrf_missing
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
from functools import wraps def require_csrf(fn): @wraps(fn) def inner(request, *a, **kw): if request.form.get("csrf") != request.session.get("csrf"): abort(403) return fn(request, *a, **kw) return inner @app.post("/account/email") @require_csrf def change_email(request): r...
csrf_missing_covers_alt
csrf_missing
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
from functools import wraps def require_csrf(fn): @wraps(fn) def inner(request, *a, **kw): if request.form.get("csrf") != request.session.get("csrf"): abort(403) return fn(request, *a, **kw) return inner @app.post("/account/email") def change_email(request): if request.head...
csrf_missing_wrong_value
csrf_missing
wrong_value
unsafe
cross-site request forgery
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
from functools import wraps def require_csrf(fn): @wraps(fn) def inner(request, *a, **kw): if request.form.get("csrf") != request.session.get("csrf"): abort(403) return fn(request, *a, **kw) return inner @app.post("/account/email") def change_email(request): if request.form...
csrf_missing_irrelevant
csrf_missing
irrelevant
unsafe
cross-site request forgery
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
from functools import wraps def require_csrf(fn): @wraps(fn) def inner(request, *a, **kw): if request.form.get("csrf") != request.session.get("csrf"): abort(403) return fn(request, *a, **kw) return inner @app.post("/account/email") def change_email(request): if "@" not in r...
csrf_missing_elsewhere
csrf_missing
elsewhere
unsafe
cross-site request forgery
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
from functools import wraps def require_csrf(fn): @wraps(fn) def inner(request, *a, **kw): if request.form.get("csrf") != request.session.get("csrf"): abort(403) return fn(request, *a, **kw) return inner @app.post("/account/password") @require_csrf def change_password(request):...
toctou_symlink_none
toctou_symlink
none
unsafe
time-of-check time-of-use
no guard is applied on this path
import os SPOOL = "/var/spool/uploads" def _create_exclusive(path): fd = os.open(path, os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW, 0o600) return os.fdopen(fd, "wb") def save_upload(name, data): path = os.path.join(SPOOL, name) if os.path.exists(path): raise FileExistsError(name) ...
toctou_symlink_covers
toctou_symlink
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
import os SPOOL = "/var/spool/uploads" def _create_exclusive(path): fd = os.open(path, os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW, 0o600) return os.fdopen(fd, "wb") def save_upload(name, data): with _create_exclusive(os.path.join(SPOOL, name)) as fh: fh.write(data)
toctou_symlink_covers_alt
toctou_symlink
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
import os SPOOL = "/var/spool/uploads" def _create_exclusive(path): fd = os.open(path, os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW, 0o600) return os.fdopen(fd, "wb") def save_upload(name, data): fd = os.open(os.path.join(SPOOL, name), os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_...
toctou_symlink_wrong_value
toctou_symlink
wrong_value
unsafe
time-of-check time-of-use
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
import os SPOOL = "/var/spool/uploads" def _create_exclusive(path): fd = os.open(path, os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW, 0o600) return os.fdopen(fd, "wb") def save_upload(name, data, tmpname): _create_exclusive(os.path.join(SPOOL, tmpname)).close() with open(os.path.join(SPOOL, na...
toctou_symlink_irrelevant
toctou_symlink
irrelevant
unsafe
time-of-check time-of-use
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
import os SPOOL = "/var/spool/uploads" def _create_exclusive(path): fd = os.open(path, os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW, 0o600) return os.fdopen(fd, "wb") def save_upload(name, data): if "/" in name or name.startswith("."): raise ValueError("bad name") path = os.path.join(...
toctou_symlink_elsewhere
toctou_symlink
elsewhere
unsafe
time-of-check time-of-use
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
import os SPOOL = "/var/spool/uploads" def _create_exclusive(path): fd = os.open(path, os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW, 0o600) return os.fdopen(fd, "wb") def save_temp(name, data): with _create_exclusive(os.path.join(SPOOL, name)) as fh: fh.write(data) def save_upload(name, ...
unicode_bypass_none
unicode_bypass
none
unsafe
input validation bypass
no guard is applied on this path
import unicodedata, re BLOCKED = re.compile(r"(?i)\b(admin|root|system)\b") def _canonical(s): return unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", s).casefold() def register(username): return create_user(username)
unicode_bypass_covers
unicode_bypass
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
import unicodedata, re BLOCKED = re.compile(r"(?i)\b(admin|root|system)\b") def _canonical(s): return unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", s).casefold() def register(username): canon = _canonical(username) if BLOCKED.search(canon): raise ValueError("reserved name") return create_user(canon)
unicode_bypass_covers_alt
unicode_bypass
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
import unicodedata, re BLOCKED = re.compile(r"(?i)\b(admin|root|system)\b") def _canonical(s): return unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", s).casefold() def register(username): canon = unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", username).casefold() if BLOCKED.search(canon): raise ValueError("reserved name") retu...
unicode_bypass_wrong_value
unicode_bypass
wrong_value
unsafe
input validation bypass
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
import unicodedata, re BLOCKED = re.compile(r"(?i)\b(admin|root|system)\b") def _canonical(s): return unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", s).casefold() def register(username, display): if BLOCKED.search(_canonical(display)): raise ValueError("reserved name") return create_user(_canonical(username))
unicode_bypass_irrelevant
unicode_bypass
irrelevant
unsafe
input validation bypass
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
import unicodedata, re BLOCKED = re.compile(r"(?i)\b(admin|root|system)\b") def _canonical(s): return unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", s).casefold() def register(username): if len(username) > 32: raise ValueError("too long") return create_user(_canonical(username))
unicode_bypass_elsewhere
unicode_bypass
elsewhere
unsafe
input validation bypass
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
import unicodedata, re BLOCKED = re.compile(r"(?i)\b(admin|root|system)\b") def _canonical(s): return unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", s).casefold() def register_org(name): canon = _canonical(name) if BLOCKED.search(canon): raise ValueError("reserved name") return create_org(canon) def register...
cache_poisoning_none
cache_poisoning
none
unsafe
web cache poisoning
no guard is applied on this path
KEYED_HEADERS = ("Host", "Accept-Language") def _cache_key(request): parts = [request.path] + [request.headers.get(h, "") for h in KEYED_HEADERS] return "|".join(parts) def render_page(request): key = request.path if key in CACHE: return CACHE[key] body = build(request, base=request.header...
cache_poisoning_covers
cache_poisoning
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
KEYED_HEADERS = ("Host", "Accept-Language") def _cache_key(request): parts = [request.path] + [request.headers.get(h, "") for h in KEYED_HEADERS] return "|".join(parts) def render_page(request): key = _cache_key(request) if key in CACHE: return CACHE[key] body = build(request, base=request...
cache_poisoning_covers_alt
cache_poisoning
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
KEYED_HEADERS = ("Host", "Accept-Language") def _cache_key(request): parts = [request.path] + [request.headers.get(h, "") for h in KEYED_HEADERS] return "|".join(parts) def render_page(request): key = request.path + "|" + request.headers.get("Host", "") if key in CACHE: return CACHE[key] b...
cache_poisoning_wrong_value
cache_poisoning
wrong_value
unsafe
web cache poisoning
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
KEYED_HEADERS = ("Host", "Accept-Language") def _cache_key(request): parts = [request.path] + [request.headers.get(h, "") for h in KEYED_HEADERS] return "|".join(parts) def render_page(request): key = _cache_key(request) if key in CACHE: return CACHE[key] body = build(request, base=request...
cache_poisoning_irrelevant
cache_poisoning
irrelevant
unsafe
web cache poisoning
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
KEYED_HEADERS = ("Host", "Accept-Language") def _cache_key(request): parts = [request.path] + [request.headers.get(h, "") for h in KEYED_HEADERS] return "|".join(parts) def render_page(request): if len(request.path) > 512: raise ValueError("path too long") key = request.path if key in CACH...
cache_poisoning_elsewhere
cache_poisoning
elsewhere
unsafe
web cache poisoning
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
KEYED_HEADERS = ("Host", "Accept-Language") def _cache_key(request): parts = [request.path] + [request.headers.get(h, "") for h in KEYED_HEADERS] return "|".join(parts) def render_asset(request): key = _cache_key(request) return CACHE.setdefault(key, build_asset(request)) def render_page(request): ...
int_overflow_none
int_overflow
none
unsafe
integer overflow in size check
no guard is applied on this path
MAX_TOTAL = 50 * 1024 * 1024 def _fits(count, unit): if count < 0 or unit < 0: raise ValueError("negative size") if count > MAX_TOTAL // max(unit, 1): raise ValueError("too large") return True def allocate_frames(count, unit): return bytearray(count * unit)
int_overflow_covers
int_overflow
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
MAX_TOTAL = 50 * 1024 * 1024 def _fits(count, unit): if count < 0 or unit < 0: raise ValueError("negative size") if count > MAX_TOTAL // max(unit, 1): raise ValueError("too large") return True def allocate_frames(count, unit): _fits(count, unit) return bytearray(count * unit)
int_overflow_covers_alt
int_overflow
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
MAX_TOTAL = 50 * 1024 * 1024 def _fits(count, unit): if count < 0 or unit < 0: raise ValueError("negative size") if count > MAX_TOTAL // max(unit, 1): raise ValueError("too large") return True def allocate_frames(count, unit): if count < 0 or unit < 0 or count > MAX_TOTAL // max(unit, ...
int_overflow_wrong_value
int_overflow
wrong_value
unsafe
integer overflow in size check
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
MAX_TOTAL = 50 * 1024 * 1024 def _fits(count, unit): if count < 0 or unit < 0: raise ValueError("negative size") if count > MAX_TOTAL // max(unit, 1): raise ValueError("too large") return True def allocate_frames(count, unit, stride): _fits(count, stride) return bytearray(count * u...
int_overflow_irrelevant
int_overflow
irrelevant
unsafe
integer overflow in size check
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
MAX_TOTAL = 50 * 1024 * 1024 def _fits(count, unit): if count < 0 or unit < 0: raise ValueError("negative size") if count > MAX_TOTAL // max(unit, 1): raise ValueError("too large") return True def allocate_frames(count, unit): if count * unit > MAX_TOTAL: raise ValueError("too ...
int_overflow_elsewhere
int_overflow
elsewhere
unsafe
integer overflow in size check
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
MAX_TOTAL = 50 * 1024 * 1024 def _fits(count, unit): if count < 0 or unit < 0: raise ValueError("negative size") if count > MAX_TOTAL // max(unit, 1): raise ValueError("too large") return True def allocate_tiles(count, unit): _fits(count, unit) return bytearray(count * unit) def a...
sig_skip_branch_none
sig_skip_branch
none
unsafe
missing signature verification
no guard is applied on this path
import hmac, hashlib, base64 SCHEME = "v2" def _verify(payload, header, secret): """Header is "v2,<ts>,<b64 mac>"; the MAC covers the timestamp and the payload.""" try: scheme, ts, mac_b64 = header.split(",", 2) except ValueError: return False if scheme != SCHEME: return False ...
sig_skip_branch_covers
sig_skip_branch
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
import hmac, hashlib, base64 SCHEME = "v2" def _verify(payload, header, secret): """Header is "v2,<ts>,<b64 mac>"; the MAC covers the timestamp and the payload.""" try: scheme, ts, mac_b64 = header.split(",", 2) except ValueError: return False if scheme != SCHEME: return False ...
sig_skip_branch_covers_alt
sig_skip_branch
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
import hmac, hashlib, base64 SCHEME = "v2" def _verify(payload, header, secret): """Header is "v2,<ts>,<b64 mac>"; the MAC covers the timestamp and the payload.""" try: scheme, ts, mac_b64 = header.split(",", 2) except ValueError: return False if scheme != SCHEME: return False ...
sig_skip_branch_wrong_value
sig_skip_branch
wrong_value
unsafe
missing signature verification
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
import hmac, hashlib, base64 SCHEME = "v2" def _verify(payload, header, secret): """Header is "v2,<ts>,<b64 mac>"; the MAC covers the timestamp and the payload.""" try: scheme, ts, mac_b64 = header.split(",", 2) except ValueError: return False if scheme != SCHEME: return False ...
sig_skip_branch_irrelevant
sig_skip_branch
irrelevant
unsafe
missing signature verification
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
import hmac, hashlib, base64 SCHEME = "v2" def _verify(payload, header, secret): """Header is "v2,<ts>,<b64 mac>"; the MAC covers the timestamp and the payload.""" try: scheme, ts, mac_b64 = header.split(",", 2) except ValueError: return False if scheme != SCHEME: return False ...
sig_skip_branch_elsewhere
sig_skip_branch
elsewhere
unsafe
missing signature verification
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
import hmac, hashlib, base64 SCHEME = "v2" def _verify(payload, header, secret): """Header is "v2,<ts>,<b64 mac>"; the MAC covers the timestamp and the payload.""" try: scheme, ts, mac_b64 = header.split(",", 2) except ValueError: return False if scheme != SCHEME: return False ...
reset_token_reuse_none
reset_token_reuse
none
unsafe
authentication bypass
no guard is applied on this path
def _consume(token): """Single-use: returns the user only if the row was still unused.""" rows = db.execute( "UPDATE resets SET used_at = now() WHERE token = %s AND used_at IS NULL RETURNING user_id", (token,)) return rows[0][0] if rows else None def apply_reset(token, new_password): ui...
reset_token_reuse_covers
reset_token_reuse
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
def _consume(token): """Single-use: returns the user only if the row was still unused.""" rows = db.execute( "UPDATE resets SET used_at = now() WHERE token = %s AND used_at IS NULL RETURNING user_id", (token,)) return rows[0][0] if rows else None def apply_reset(token, new_password): ui...
reset_token_reuse_covers_alt
reset_token_reuse
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
def _consume(token): """Single-use: returns the user only if the row was still unused.""" rows = db.execute( "UPDATE resets SET used_at = now() WHERE token = %s AND used_at IS NULL RETURNING user_id", (token,)) return rows[0][0] if rows else None def apply_reset(token, new_password): ro...
reset_token_reuse_wrong_value
reset_token_reuse
wrong_value
unsafe
authentication bypass
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
def _consume(token): """Single-use: returns the user only if the row was still unused.""" rows = db.execute( "UPDATE resets SET used_at = now() WHERE token = %s AND used_at IS NULL RETURNING user_id", (token,)) return rows[0][0] if rows else None def apply_reset(token, confirm_token, new_pa...
reset_token_reuse_irrelevant
reset_token_reuse
irrelevant
unsafe
authentication bypass
a guard is applied to the right value but does not address this weakness
def _consume(token): """Single-use: returns the user only if the row was still unused.""" rows = db.execute( "UPDATE resets SET used_at = now() WHERE token = %s AND used_at IS NULL RETURNING user_id", (token,)) return rows[0][0] if rows else None def apply_reset(token, new_password): ro...
reset_token_reuse_elsewhere
reset_token_reuse
elsewhere
unsafe
authentication bypass
the guard exists and is used by a neighbouring function, not on this path
def _consume(token): """Single-use: returns the user only if the row was still unused.""" rows = db.execute( "UPDATE resets SET used_at = now() WHERE token = %s AND used_at IS NULL RETURNING user_id", (token,)) return rows[0][0] if rows else None def apply_invite(token): uid = _consume(...
dict_merge_none
dict_merge
none
unsafe
mass assignment
no guard is applied on this path
PROTECTED = {"is_admin", "org_id", "plan", "__class__"} def _merge_safe(target, patch): for k, v in patch.items(): if k in PROTECTED: continue if isinstance(v, dict) and isinstance(target.get(k), dict): _merge_safe(target[k], v) else: target[k] = v re...
dict_merge_covers
dict_merge
covers
safe
null
the guard is applied to the tainted value and addresses the weakness
PROTECTED = {"is_admin", "org_id", "plan", "__class__"} def _merge_safe(target, patch): for k, v in patch.items(): if k in PROTECTED: continue if isinstance(v, dict) and isinstance(target.get(k), dict): _merge_safe(target[k], v) else: target[k] = v re...
dict_merge_covers_alt
dict_merge
covers_alt
safe
null
a second correct implementation, defended a different way
PROTECTED = {"is_admin", "org_id", "plan", "__class__"} def _merge_safe(target, patch): for k, v in patch.items(): if k in PROTECTED: continue if isinstance(v, dict) and isinstance(target.get(k), dict): _merge_safe(target[k], v) else: target[k] = v re...
dict_merge_wrong_value
dict_merge
wrong_value
unsafe
mass assignment
the guard is applied to a sibling value, not the one that reaches the sink
PROTECTED = {"is_admin", "org_id", "plan", "__class__"} def _merge_safe(target, patch): for k, v in patch.items(): if k in PROTECTED: continue if isinstance(v, dict) and isinstance(target.get(k), dict): _merge_safe(target[k], v) else: target[k] = v re...