| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_450", "question": "What could happen if manually adjusting the apparatus as shown between 06:23 and 06:35 fails?", "options": ["A. Alignment of the capillary notches is altered incorrectly", "B. Quenching reagent concentration is not properly adjusted", "C. Pressure of the incoming D₂O solution is not changed properly", "D. Outer capillary flow rate is not modified as needed", "E. Sample injection volume varies incorrectly", "F. pH at the quenching point is not properly altered", "G. Mixing ratio of reagents does not shift correctly", "H. Protein concentration is not correctly changed during analysis", "I. Temperature in the mixing chamber is not correctly adjusted", "J. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction time is not properly varied"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55464.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_392", "question": "What could happen if the procedure using two different centrifugation speeds (at 04:51 and 08:18) fails?", "options": ["A. Dead cells and live cells are not selectively pelleted", "B. Samples are not properly oxygenated during spinning", "C. Cells and tissues clump together", "D. Chemical contaminants are not effectively removed", "E. Tissues and cells are not pelleted properly", "F. Cells are not separated from debris, and proteins are not concentrated", "G. Small organelles are not pelleted, and whole cells are not separated", "H. Cell membranes are not broken, and nuclei are not collected", "I. Enzymes are not removed, and cells are not collected", "J. Using incorrect speeds causes issues with centrifuge machines operation"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_50079.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_293", "question": "What is the purpose of the electrode placement on the earlobe shown at 01:19?", "options": ["A. Stimulating auricular branch of vagus nerve", "B. Reference electrode placement", "C. Control (sham) stimulation", "D. Ground electrode for safety", "E. Baseline sensory threshold testing", "F. Electrode calibration site", "G. Measurement of skin resistance", "H. Reducing electrical interference", "I. Targeted vagus nerve activation", "J. Recording muscle activity"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58984.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_171", "question": "Why is a sequential digestion performed with Lys-C at 2:28 followed by Trypsin at 2:57, rather than using Trypsin alone?", "options": ["A. Allow initial cleavage in harsh conditions where Trypsin is inactive", "B. Prevent Trypsin inhibition by early Lys-C removal", "C. Increase peptide size for better mass spectrometry detection", "D. Sequential digestion prevents non-specific cleavage by Trypsin", "E. Ensure full protein denaturation before adding Trypsin", "F. Avoid trypsin autolysis by prior Lys-C cleavage", "G. Reduce overall digestion time by overlapping enzyme activity", "H. Maximize digestion efficiency under different denaturation conditions", "I. Utilize Lys-C specificity before Trypsin to target arginine sites", "J. Enable Lys-C to modify lysine residues before Trypsin action"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56474.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_724", "question": "What could happen if an unused well in the 'sample' row of the droplet-generating cartridge is not handled correctly?", "options": ["A. The well is not filled with oil", "B. No buffer control is present in the well", "C. The well remains empty causing instability", "D. Diluted DNA is not filled in the well", "E. Sample mix from another well is not added", "F. Cleaning solution is not added to the well", "G. Air bubbles are not present in the well", "H. Water is not added to the well", "I. PCR product is missing from the well", "J. The well is not sealed with adhesive tape"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67252.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_252", "question": "What is the most immediate consequence of omitting the step shown from 01:58 to 02:04 in the procedure?", "options": ["A. Delayed freezing resulting in incomplete tissue cooling", "B. Decreased oxygen saturation lowering tissue preservation", "C. Suboptimal slicing solution temperature causing increased metabolic stress", "D. Increased ice crystal formation damaging the tissue structure", "E. Excessively rapid cooling causing thermal shock to cells", "F. Reduced sucrose concentration leading to osmotic imbalance", "G. Uncontrolled pH fluctuations affecting neuronal viability", "H. Faster metabolic rate due to warmer solution conditions", "I. Inadequate sucrose dissolution compromising solution clarity", "J. Excessive rigidification of tissue impairing slicing quality"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61753.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_964", "question": "According to the protocol, what is the maximum number of full turns of the microdrive screw that a researcher should perform in a single post-surgical session to adjust the probe's depth?", "options": ["A. 2 turns", "B. 8 turns", "C. 4 turns", "D. 9 turns", "E. 1 turns", "F. 6 turns", "G. 5 turns", "H. 0 turns", "I. 7 turns", "J. 3 turns"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66867.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_755", "question": "A researcher plans a study with two conditions. In Condition A, they replicate the anodal stimulation of the primary motor cortex exactly as shown for pain treatment. In Condition B, they use electrodes with an area that is 80% smaller than those shown, and they set the current intensity to one-fourth of the value used in Condition A. The duration for Condition B is set to the value of the minimum recommended distance (in cm) between the electrodes, as stated in the discussion of representative results. What is the total charge (in Coulombs) delivered in Condition B?", "options": ["A. 0.37 C", "B. 5.08 C", "C. 0.33 C", "D. 2.83 C", "E. 0.89 C", "F. 0.12 C", "G. 0.91 C", "H. 3.11 C", "I. 0.02 C", "J. 0.24 C"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_2744.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_554", "question": "What could happen if the procedure at 4:15 to use a mold to cast the final subcutaneous layer instead of printing it directly fails?", "options": ["A. A pre-fabricated component is not properly embedded within a different matrix material", "B. The printed gel wax does not cure properly or takes too long", "C. The printer cannot handle the required viscosity, causing printing issues", "D. Material waste increases compared to casting", "E. Incompatible materials mix during direct printing", "F. The previously printed tumor structure overheats", "G. Multi-colored layers cannot be created properly due to printer limitations", "H. The final surface is rougher than expected", "I. The final structure is less porous than intended", "J. Only thin layers are produced instead of the desired thickness"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60563.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_677", "question": "What could happen if the procedure of using a hooked ligation aid instead of standard forceps for positioning the ligature fails?", "options": ["A. Increased tissue trauma while passing ligature", "B. Insufficient pressure leading to loose ligature", "C. Interference with surrounding blood vessels", "D. Slower ligature placement", "E. Inability to cut and ligate simultaneously", "F. Nerve rotation during ligature positioning", "G. Higher risk of ligature slipping off nerve", "H. Difficulty maintaining sterilization during procedure", "I. Obstructed visualization of ligature insertion site", "J. Poor grip on slippery ligature material"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66420.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_104", "question": "What does the phenomenon illustrated at 07:00 imply about the relative kinetics of kinesin-microtubule versus kinesin-surface binding?", "options": ["A. Kinesin dissociates more slowly from the surface than microtubules dissociate from kinesin", "B. Microtubules remain bound longer to kinesin than kinesin to the surface", "C. Kinesin and microtubules dissociate from each other at the same rate", "D. Kinesin detaches more quickly from the surface than microtubules detach from kinesin", "E. Microtubules dissociate more quickly from the surface than kinesin from microtubules", "F. Microtubules are more stably bound to the surface than kinesin motors", "G. Microtubules dissociate more slowly from kinesin than kinesin detaches from the surface", "H. Kinesin dissociates rapidly from the surface, leaving no visible trails", "I. Kinesin detaches from the microtubule before releasing from the surface", "J. Kinesin dissociates from microtubules and surface simultaneously"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59068.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_631", "question": "What could happen if the step at 4:06–4:18 involving selective avoidance of the red pellet portion during resuspension fails?", "options": ["A. Sedimentation of nuclear fractions is impaired", "B. Nuclei are not separated from cytosolic proteins", "C. Red blood cell fragments are not selectively isolated", "D. Mitochondrial contamination increases", "E. Synaptic vesicles are not removed", "F. Soluble cytoplasmic components are resuspended", "G. Residual cellular debris remains in the supernatant", "H. Yield of red pellet material decreases", "I. Synaptosome fraction is lost", "J. Aggregation of membrane proteins is not enhanced"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64574.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_386", "question": "What could happen if the liquid used between 03:44 and 04:12 fails?", "options": ["A. Channels are not shaped correctly", "B. Drill friction increases causing damage", "C. Overheating and dirty surfaces occur", "D. Surfaces do not dry properly", "E. Heat is not properly insulated during drilling", "F. Parts do not stay together properly", "G. Surfaces remain contaminated", "H. Liquid leaks from the system", "I. Drilling progress is not visibly marked", "J. Metal parts corrode"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_3976.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_389", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 03:38 and 03:50 fails?", "options": ["A. Brain slices are not stained and hard to visualize", "B. Tissue degrades due to inadequate cooling", "C. Mechanical instability during brain slicing", "D. Brain is misaligned leading to imprecise slicing orientation", "E. Brain tissue is not properly fixed chemically", "F. Brain does not adhere properly to the baseplate", "G. Anatomical landmarks are not marked on the brain surface", "H. Excess tissue is not removed before slicing", "I. Microtome blade thickness is not calibrated correctly", "J. Brain tissue remains hydrated and could be damaged during slicing"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_4213.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_338", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operation performed between 4:26 and 4:42?", "options": ["A. Cooling the sample to inhibit enzymatic activity", "B. Crosslinking proteins to increase rigidity", "C. Mechanical sectioning of the sample", "D. Dehydration of the sample to prevent swelling", "E. Removal of extracellular matrix components", "F. Fluorescent labeling for microscopic visualization", "G. Staining with antibody markers", "H. Mechanical homogenization for isotropic expansion", "I. Chemical fixation to preserve tissue structure", "J. Thermal denaturation of nucleic acids"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67479.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_521", "question": "What could happen if the procedure illustrated at 02:08 fails?", "options": ["A. Stimulation intensity is not adjusted correctly", "B. Electrodes are placed incorrectly", "C. Ambient temperature is not measured", "D. Software calibration is invalid", "E. Skin conductivity is not checked", "F. Subject is positioned uncomfortably", "G. Cable connections are loose", "H. Device power is off", "I. Electrodes are dirty", "J. Battery charge level is too low"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58984.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_59", "question": "What core concept in systems biology is illustrated by the experimental workflow shown from 00:45 to 09:14?", "options": ["A. Protein folding dynamics as primary focus", "B. Single-omics approach analyzing only transcriptomics", "C. Random gene activation unrelated to transcription factors", "D. Linear pathway from metabolites to gene regulation", "E. Post-translational modification as starting point", "F. Central dogma at systems level", "G. Gene expression changes without metabolic impact", "H. Metabolite levels determining transcription factor binding", "I. Metabolic flux independent of transcription factor binding", "J. Epigenetic modifications driving metabolic changes"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53832.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_711", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 04:55 involving application onto the nitrocellulose membrane fails?", "options": ["A. Excess buffer is not absorbed, disrupting flow rate", "B. Goat antibodies in the sample are not detected", "C. Target antigen does not bind on test line", "D. Test line does not form and analyte is not captured", "E. Nitrocellulose membrane is not anchored to the backing card", "F. Control line is not created for immunoassay", "G. Nonspecific binding occurs due to lack of blocking", "H. Sample proteins are not captured, reducing signal", "I. Quantum dot nanobeads (QDNBs) are not stabilized on the strip", "J. Fluorescence is not amplified due to missing secondary antibody"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67000.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_96", "question": "What is the purpose of the overnight incubation step shown at 02:59 to 03:02?", "options": ["A. Remove excess moisture from the slides", "B. Create a hydrophobic surface to repel water", "C. Enhance cell adhesion by chemical modification", "D. Fix cells to preserve their morphology", "E. Coat slides with nutrient-rich medium", "F. Activate fluorescent markers on bacterial cells", "G. Increase slide transparency for imaging", "H. Promote bacterial growth on the slide surface", "I. Sterilize the slides to kill residual bacteria", "J. Neutralize surface charges to prevent cell binding"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66562.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_973", "question": "What is the fold-dilution of the initial defrosting medium after the first wash step with FACS buffer?", "options": ["A. 128", "B. 120", "C. 118", "D. 117", "E. 138", "F. 119", "G. 104", "H. 82", "I. 110", "J. 100"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67123.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_888", "question": "In the results shown, what is the approximate percentage decrease in the periorbital withdrawal threshold for female mice at the point of maximum effect compared to their baseline?", "options": ["A. 75 %", "B. 100 %", "C. 83 %", "D. 86 %", "E. 96 %", "F. 91 %", "G. 98 %", "H. 85 %", "I. 80 %", "J. 105 %"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62867.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_364", "question": "What type of non-covalent interaction forms the hydrogel network between 02:28 and 02:44?", "options": ["A. Ionic cross-linking", "B. Dipole-dipole interaction", "C. Electrostatic repulsion", "D. Van der Waals forces", "E. Covalent bonding", "F. Disulfide bridges", "G. Pi-pi stacking", "H. Metal coordination", "I. Hydrophobic interaction", "J. Hydrogen bonding"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67267.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_95", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operation shown between 01:29 and 01:38?", "options": ["A. Filtering out bacterial debris from the mixture", "B. Breaking bacterial cell walls to release contents", "C. Removing excess supernatant liquid", "D. Separating bacterial cells from the medium", "E. Cooling the bacterial suspension for preservation", "F. Homogenously resuspending bacterial pellet", "G. Settling bacterial cells at the bottom", "H. Centrifuging the bacterial culture", "I. Mixing bacteria with antibiotics for treatment", "J. Diluting the bacterial culture with buffer"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60059.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_158", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operation shown between 03:38 and 03:50?", "options": ["A. Applying adhesive for gluing the brain to the baseplate", "B. Calibrating the microtome blade thickness", "C. Dehydrating the brain tissue prior to slicing", "D. Cooling the tissue to prevent degradation", "E. Aligning the brain for precise slicing orientation", "F. Chemical fixation of brain tissue", "G. Marking anatomical landmarks on the brain surface", "H. Removing excess tissue before slicing", "I. Staining the brain slices for visualization", "J. Mechanical support during brain slicing"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_4213.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_702", "question": "What could happen if the patting dry step at 04:05 after discarding liquid from the wells fails?", "options": ["A. Plate does not crack due to improper drying technique", "B. Nonspecific binding decreases in the wells", "C. Substrate reaction remains incomplete despite sufficient incubation", "D. Not all bound antibodies are removed", "E. Substrate solution does not evaporate properly", "F. Enzyme activity is preserved due to insufficient drying", "G. Residual liquid causes cross-contamination between wells", "H. Color development becomes non-uniform across wells", "I. Background absorbance remains low from washed wells", "J. Reagent dilution becomes inconsistent causing variable results"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66888.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_874", "question": "What is the final concentration of SDS used to initially lyse the bacterial cells?", "options": ["A. 3 %", "B. 0 %", "C. 5 %", "D. 10 %", "E. 2 %", "F. 6 %", "G. 7 %", "H. 8 %", "I. 4 %", "J. 1 %"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61799.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_116", "question": "What critical procedural consideration is mentioned at 03:55?", "options": ["A. Prevent photobleaching of fluorescent antibodies", "B. Avoid shaking slides during washing steps", "C. Use UV light to activate fluorescent markers", "D. Use cold buffers to maintain antibody stability", "E. Ensure slides are properly dried before mounting", "F. Use coverslips to prevent drying during washing", "G. Keep slides in dark conditions during antibody incubation", "H. Increase incubation time for stronger fluorescence", "I. Rinse slides thoroughly to remove excess antibodies", "J. Apply fluorescent antibodies at higher concentration"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52293.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_982", "question": "A technician prepares an AAV sample following the protocol. They use a serial dilution factor of ten thousand. After analysis, the ddPCR software reports a concentration that is precisely at the upper limit of the recommended working range for the equipment. What is the final calculated viral genome titer in vg/mL?", "options": ["A. 4.73 E+", "B. 5.83 E+", "C. 4.33 E+", "D. 4.71 E+", "E. 4.95 E+", "F. 6.7 E+", "G. 5.0 E+", "H. 5.67 E+", "I. 4.7 E+", "J. 3.7 E+"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67252.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_967", "question": "During the initial cell processing steps before chromatin fragmentation, what is the total volume of liquid added to the yeast cell pellet across all resuspension and wash steps shown?", "options": ["A. 1.43 mL", "B. 1.3 mL", "C. 1.85 mL", "D. 0.5 mL", "E. 1.94 mL", "F. 1.49 mL", "G. 1.52 mL", "H. 1.25 mL", "I. 2.32 mL", "J. 0.33 mL"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67120.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_134", "question": "What physicochemical transformation occurs during the operation shown at 3:18?", "options": ["A. Ionic crosslinking due to calcium ions", "B. Photocrosslinking solidifying the bioink", "C. Chemical reduction of the polymer chains", "D. Thermal curing by heat application", "E. Photoisomerization altering polymer configuration", "F. Hydrophobic aggregation causing solidification", "G. UV degradation breaking down the polymers", "H. Physical gelation from temperature decrease", "I. Enzymatic crosslinking forming peptide bonds", "J. Solvent evaporation hardening the material"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66806.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_669", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 2:24 and 2:29 fails?", "options": ["A. Cell density remains too high in the existing pattern", "B. The microscope focus on patterned cells is not calibrated properly", "C. The magnetic field is misaligned causing uneven cell adhesion", "D. Cells are not repositioned and receive inadequate nutrient access", "E. The magnet is not activated for initial cell patterning", "F. A second magnetic field is not overlaid to reinforce the pattern", "G. No space is created for patterning adjacent cells", "H. Different cell types do not mix uniformly on the substrate", "I. Patterned cells fail to detach as intended", "J. Excess fluid remains on the culture surface"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66063.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_246", "question": "What immediate effect results from the processes shown at 04:42 and 04:32 in this ELISA?", "options": ["A. Reduced color intensity", "B. Color develops more slowly", "C. Non-specific color develops", "D. Color develops with altered hue", "E. No color development", "F. Intense color develops immediately", "G. Color develops but fades quickly", "H. Color develops only after prolonged incubation", "I. Color develops only in control wells", "J. Color fluctuates randomly"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66888.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_527", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 05:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Mechanical vibrations are amplified", "B. Photobleaching effects increase", "C. Temperature fluctuates", "D. Air bubbles form", "E. Flow rate becomes inconsistent", "F. ATP concentration is uncontrolled", "G. Ionic strength of buffer varies", "H. Contaminants enter the system", "I. pH levels become unstable", "J. Solution evaporates"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59068.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_683", "question": "What could happen if the procedure between 03:04 and 03:22 fails?", "options": ["A. Photobleaching occurs", "B. Lens flare obscures the image", "C. Out-of-focus light reduces image clarity", "D. Sample drifts during imaging", "E. Image becomes pixelated", "F. Electrical noise disrupts the signal", "G. Air bubble distortion affects image quality", "H. Motion blur appears in the image", "I. Chromatic aberration distorts the image", "J. Background fluorescence interferes with imaging"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66562.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_698", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 02:31-02:44 fails?", "options": ["A. Excess serum is not removed and cell proliferation is uncontrolled", "B. Cells do not cool and metabolic rate remains high", "C. Cells are not stained and cannot be observed clearly under microscopy", "D. Temperature remains too low and enzymes are not activated", "E. Trypsin is not activated and cell detachment is inefficient", "F. Contamination occurs due to lack of antibiotics", "G. Cells retain debris and dead cells", "H. Trypsin is not neutralized and cells do not detach", "I. Cell density remains too high for accurate counting", "J. Cells do not receive sufficient nutrients for growth"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66862.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_428", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 05:48 and 05:58 fails?", "options": ["A. Cell membranes remain impermeable", "B. Tissue samples are not properly hydrated", "C. Unbound reagents are not washed out", "D. Antibody-antigen affinity is reduced", "E. Non-specific binding sites remain unblocked", "F. Nuclei are not stained for visualization", "G. Enzymatic reactions are not activated", "H. Tissue morphology is not properly fixed", "I. Fluorescence intensity does not increase", "J. Autofluorescence is not quenched"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53561.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_904", "question": "What is the total minimum time, in hours, that elapses from the beginning of the protein precipitation in the fridge to the completion of the subsequent protein hydrolysis in the oven?", "options": ["A. 25 hours", "B. 33 hours", "C. 31 hours", "D. 22 hours", "E. 30 hours", "F. 32 hours", "G. 28 hours", "H. 19 hours", "I. 27 hours", "J. 29 hours"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63779.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_203", "question": "What function does the component shown at 2:25 serve?", "options": ["A. Keeps the cartridge holder locked in place", "B. Filters out impurities in the aqueous sample", "C. Prevents chemical reactions between oil and sample", "D. Separates oil and aqueous phases physically", "E. Measures the volume of droplets formed", "F. Controls the flow rate of the aqueous sample", "G. Acts as a conduit for electrical signals", "H. Creates a sealed, pressurized system", "I. Absorbs excess pressure to prevent leaks", "J. Maintains constant temperature during droplet formation"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67252.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_609", "question": "What could happen if the procedure at 06:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Wiring connections become loose causing signal loss", "B. Electrodes move during the session", "C. Electrode polarity is set up incorrectly", "D. Cap elasticity reduces over time", "E. Cap is misaligned with cranial landmarks", "F. Insufficient electrode gel is applied", "G. Electrical impedance fluctuates", "H. Subject head sweating alters conductivity", "I. Muscle artifacts occur from subject movement", "J. Electrode contacts overheat"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62681.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_962", "question": "A researcher follows the protocol to prepare 3 mL of the 1x binding buffer for the flow cytometry experiment. Based on the dilution information provided in the supplementary text, what volume of the concentrated stock buffer, in microliters, is required?", "options": ["A. 537 µL", "B. 711 µL", "C. 557 µL", "D. 504 µL", "E. 583 µL", "F. 592 µL", "G. 600 µL", "H. 636 µL", "I. 446 µL", "J. 578 µL"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66831.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_333", "question": "What is the significance of the anatomical landmark identified at 02:20 for the experimental model's success?", "options": ["A. Site for craniotomy to insert devices", "B. Spot with complete skull ossification for protection", "C. Landmark for attaching external sensors", "D. Location chosen for minimal bleeding during surgery", "E. Point marking the start of the sagittal suture", "F. Non-surgical transcutaneous entry point", "G. Region indicating muscle attachment points", "H. Area with thickest skull bone for stability", "I. Reference for measuring skull curvature", "J. Area of maximal nerve density for stimulation"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62867.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_150", "question": "What is the likely consequence of omitting the operation shown at 02:38-02:44?", "options": ["A. Inefficient protein binding", "B. Lower lysate viscosity", "C. Reduced bead sedimentation", "D. Decreased protein stability", "E. Altered protein conformation", "F. Faster protein degradation", "G. Improved protein solubility", "H. Enhanced bead aggregation", "I. Increased bead surface area", "J. Increased nonspecific binding"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59865.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_349", "question": "What biophysical phenomenon occurs during the operation shown at 5:23 enabling separation of synaptic vesicles from the synaptosomal membrane?", "options": ["A. Exocytosis", "B. Phagocytosis", "C. Endocytosis", "D. Facilitated diffusion", "E. Osmosis", "F. Electrolysis", "G. Gel filtration", "H. Diffusion", "I. Active transport", "J. Dialysis"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64574.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_769", "question": "Calculate the final concentration of trypsin (% w/v) in the Falcon tube during the tissue digestion step shown in the video.", "options": ["A. 0.09 %", "B. 0.11 %", "C. 2.29 %", "D. 1.5 %", "E. 0.3 %", "F. 0.25 %", "G. 0.57 %", "H. 0.81 %", "I. 2.03 %", "J. 1.69 %"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_50079.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_987", "question": "If the hard spin centrifugation described at 06:16 was performed in a centrifuge with a rotor radius of 15 cm, what was the approximate rotational speed in revolutions per minute (RPM)?", "options": ["A. 1597 RPM", "B. 1651 RPM", "C. 1959 RPM", "D. 1207 RPM", "E. 2351 RPM", "F. 1185 RPM", "G. 2026 RPM", "H. 1447 RPM", "I. 1501 RPM", "J. 1752 RPM"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67271.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_70", "question": "What critical variable is controlled by the environmental conditions set between 02:08 and 02:20?", "options": ["A. Rate of photosynthetic carbon fixation", "B. CO2 concentration in the air", "C. Rate of cellular respiration", "D. Growth rate of heterotrophic bacteria", "E. Water availability to the culture", "F. Sucrose concentration in the medium", "G. Concentration of dissolved oxygen", "H. pH level of the growth medium", "I. Temperature of the photoincubator", "J. Light wavelength emitted by the LEDs"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67311.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_757", "question": "A researcher designs an experiment to match the total energy delivered by the standard pain protocol shown in the video but using a different setup. In this new setup, the impedance is 20% lower than the maximum ideal impedance mentioned. The stimulation duration is set to the numeric value of the electrode area in cm². What current intensity (in mA) must be used to deliver the same total energy?", "options": ["A. 0.76 mA", "B. 0.79 mA", "C. 2.43 mA", "D. 0.64 mA", "E. 3.27 mA", "F. 3.79 mA", "G. 1.08 mA", "H. 1.0 mA", "I. 5.81 mA", "J. 3.9 mA"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_2744.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_519", "question": "What could happen if the electrode placement on the earlobe shown at 01:19 fails?", "options": ["A. Auricular branch of vagus nerve is not stimulated", "B. Muscle activity is not recorded properly", "C. Sham stimulation is not properly controlled", "D. Reference electrode is incorrectly placed", "E. Electrode calibration is incorrect", "F. Vagus nerve is not activated as intended", "G. Ground electrode safety is compromised", "H. Electrical interference is not reduced", "I. Skin resistance is measured inaccurately", "J. Baseline sensory threshold testing is invalid"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58984.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_679", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 04:19 and 05:03 fails?", "options": ["A. Liquid is unevenly distributed across wells", "B. Cell detachment is insufficient due to lack of mechanical force", "C. Plate stays hot for too long and affects results", "D. Liquid remains in the wells and damages the cells", "E. Plate labels remain invisible or unclear", "F. Gelatin coating is not activated properly due to lack of agitation", "G. Cells remain attached to the plate and cannot be counted", "H. Wells stay wet and interfere with imaging", "I. Excess unbound reagent remains before staining", "J. Contents are not mixed thoroughly before analysis"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66507.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_873", "question": "What is the molar concentration of the borate buffer used for the muropeptide reduction step?", "options": ["A. 0.5 M", "B. 0.59 M", "C. 0.81 M", "D. 2.15 M", "E. 0.89 M", "F. 1.16 M", "G. 0.16 M", "H. 0.83 M", "I. 0.44 M", "J. 2.41 M"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61799.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_210", "question": "What physical mechanism drives the formation of the ordered bead structure shown from 07:13 to 07:55?", "options": ["A. Capillary forces from surface tension gradients", "B. Evaporation-driven convective self-assembly", "C. Thermally induced Marangoni flow", "D. Brownian motion random aggregation", "E. Magnetic alignment of particles", "F. Chemical bonding induced cross-linking", "G. Shear flow from liquid injection", "H. Electrostatic repulsion between beads", "I. Sedimentation due to gravity", "J. Acoustic wave driven particle clustering"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54145.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_140", "question": "Why is sealing the microfluidic channel important, as shown at 03:35, for the quantitative analysis in this experiment?", "options": ["A. Secures electrodes for electrical measurements", "B. Prevents reagent evaporation", "C. Maintains constant pH by isolating the sample", "D. Stops contamination from external particles", "E. Prevents leakage of reagents into the environment", "F. Ensures optical clarity for imaging", "G. Ensures uniform flow speed in the channel", "H. Prevents air bubbles from entering the channel", "I. Maintains consistent temperature throughout the channel", "J. Allows proper mixing of reagents inside the channel"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60484.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_879", "question": "An experimenter follows the protocol to prepare the system for one dynamic culture and one static control. What is the total volume of medium in milliliters required to fill both the dynamic flow loop and the static control tube for the initial setup?", "options": ["A. 59", "B. 46", "C. 44", "D. 58", "E. 52", "F. 60", "G. 49", "H. 54", "I. 57", "J. 56"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61824.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_697", "question": "What could happen if the construct wash with PBS shown around 3:24 fails?", "options": ["A. Water-soluble support bath remains on the construct", "B. Excess photoinitiator remains on the construct", "C. The printed structure is not sterilized", "D. Cells within the construct are not fixed", "E. Bioink does not adhere well to the substrate", "F. Crosslinking of the construct is insufficient", "G. Uncrosslinked bioink is left on the construct", "H. Support material is not dehydrated", "I. pH remains unneutralized after printing", "J. The construct is not properly prepared for cell seeding"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66806.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_746", "question": "What could happen if the step shown at 04:28 fails?", "options": ["A. RNA yield decreases due to over-drying", "B. Enzymatic reactions proceed uninhibited", "C. RNA is degraded due to prolonged drying", "D. RNA concentration decreases due to excess moisture", "E. Enzymatic activity increases due to residual ethanol", "F. RNA binding to column during purification is reduced", "G. RNA precipitation is incomplete causing pellet loss", "H. RNA is contaminated due to ethanol-induced fragmentation", "I. Insoluble RNA aggregates form", "J. RNA stability during storage is compromised"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67407.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_257", "question": "What physical principle justifies the transducer's oblique positioning shown at 03:15?", "options": ["A. Diffraction through narrow apertures", "B. Electrical resonance matching", "C. Refraction and wavelength modulation", "D. Capacitive coupling optimization", "E. Thermal expansion of the transducer material", "F. Shear wave generation", "G. Acoustic reflection and interference", "H. Magnetic field alignment", "I. Doppler shift effect", "J. Viscous damping of acoustic waves"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58781.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_732", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown at 01:31-01:43 fails?", "options": ["A. Cell culture is not sterilized before co-culture", "B. Extracellular enzymes are not removed from the culture", "C. Debris is not separated from intact cells", "D. Cells are not lysed and intracellular components cannot be extracted", "E. Nutrients are not added and cell proliferation is not enhanced", "F. pH of the medium is not adjusted properly with buffer solution", "G. Different cell types are not separated by density", "H. Cells are not concentrated and growth medium is not washed", "I. Cell growth rate is not measured accurately via optical density", "J. Cell culture is not diluted for counting"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67311.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_820", "question": "A researcher performs a bilateral striatal injection following the protocol. The microinjection program for each hemisphere is set to run for ninety seconds. What is the total volume of virus solution delivered to the pup's brain, expressed in microliters?", "options": ["A. 0.67 µL", "B. 3.25 µL", "C. 0.3 µL", "D. 0.22 µL", "E. 0.97 µL", "F. 0.32 µL", "G. 2.99 µL", "H. 1.42 µL", "I. 0.18 µL", "J. 3.02 µL"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57270.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_819", "question": "If the total volume of the rehydrated sample and the total lipid concentration are as specified for the cholesterol-doped formulation, what is the molar concentration of the lanthanide ion in the final sample, expressed in millimolar?", "options": ["A. 1.73", "B. 0.19", "C. 5.15", "D. 3.81", "E. 3.18", "F. 5.59", "G. 3.75", "H. 4.88", "I. 3.06", "J. 4.49"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56812.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_670", "question": "What could happen if the incubator door is slammed during the step starting at 2:03?", "options": ["A. Light exposure harms sensitive cells", "B. Shock interferes with nutrient diffusion", "C. Sudden temperature changes reduce cell viability", "D. Humidity levels inside the incubator become unstable", "E. Magnetic field uniformity is lost during incubation", "F. Noise stress negatively affects cell growth", "G. CO2 concentration becomes inconsistent for cell metabolism", "H. Vibrations cause adhered cells to detach", "I. Mechanical disturbances disrupt cell patterns", "J. Air currents disturb the liquid medium"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66063.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_173", "question": "What problem is addressed by the operation shown at 3:33 involving pH adjustment?", "options": ["A. Neutralizing residual enzymes post-digestion", "B. Preventing peptide oxidation during storage", "C. Reducing peptide aggregation before injection", "D. Increasing peptide solubility in aqueous buffer", "E. Stabilizing peptide secondary structure", "F. Enhancing peptide fluorescence detection", "G. Preventing peptide hydrolysis during digestion", "H. Facilitating peptide precipitation prior to analysis", "I. Optimizing enzyme activity for peptide cleavage", "J. Efficient peptide binding to C18 column"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56474.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_642", "question": "What could happen if the procedure starting at 7:13 when using a 0.2 µm pore size filter fails?", "options": ["A. Particles do not aggregate as expected and aggregate more slowly", "B. Filter pore size incorrectly affects the outcome", "C. Fluorescence intensity does not decrease as expected", "D. Filter does not clog and allows unwanted aggregates through", "E. Protein is not adsorbed and is lost in the filtrate", "F. Aggregates form improperly or not at all", "G. Smaller beads do not pass through and are retained", "H. Beads are not properly trapped and are lost", "I. Bacterial contamination is not controlled and increases", "J. Solution sterility is not maintained and is compromised"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65294.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_716", "question": "What could happen if the high-salt wash performed between 05:01 and 05:07 fails?", "options": ["A. Loosely bound replication factors are not removed, reducing complex specificity", "B. Excess salts remain and interfere with downstream assays", "C. Protein cross-linking is decreased, losing transient interactions", "D. Helicase activation is not triggered due to lack of ATP analogs", "E. Binding affinity of replication factors to DNA is not enhanced", "F. DNA is not separated from protein complexes by denaturation", "G. pH is not neutralized, reducing enzyme activity during isolation", "H. Damaged or fragmented DNA molecules are not eliminated", "I. Protein-DNA complex is destabilized due to improper ionic strength", "J. Non-specifically bound proteins and weakly associated factors remain"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67076.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_440", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 05:22-05:32 fails?", "options": ["A. Residual moisture remains on the silicon surface", "B. Acids are not neutralized on the silicon master", "C. Microchannels are not etched into the silicon wafer", "D. Silicon surface is not hydrated and wettability is poor", "E. Silicon master remains contaminated", "F. Adhesion of PDMS to the master is poor", "G. Silicon surface is not activated for bonding", "H. Hydrophobic release layer is not created", "I. Photoresist layer is not applied for patterning", "J. Conductive coating is not deposited on the master"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54145.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_311", "question": "What happens if the pulled electrodes are not stored properly as explained at 0:43?", "options": ["A. Electrodes becoming magnetized", "B. Electrodes becoming contaminated with oils", "C. Electrodes bending or warping", "D. Electrodes losing their color indicator", "E. Electrodes short-circuiting when used", "F. Formation of air bubbles inside electrodes", "G. Electrodes losing their chemical coating", "H. Electrodes drying out completely", "I. Loss of electrode electrical charge", "J. Clogged or broken electrode tips"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60225.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_201", "question": "What causes the 'droplet rain' phenomenon shown at 3:31, and why does it affect assay accuracy?", "options": ["A. Errors in fluorescence intensity calibration of the reader", "B. Excessive template concentration causing droplet saturation", "C. High primer dimer formation increasing fluorescence noise", "D. Incorrect droplet generation leading to size variability", "E. Using an inappropriate fluorescent dye with low specificity", "F. Incomplete droplet partitioning during sample loading", "G. Thermal cycler malfunction causing uneven temperature distribution", "H. Air bubbles trapped within droplets during emulsion formation", "I. Suboptimal PCR amplification or assay conditions", "J. Background fluorescence from instrument contamination"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67252.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_273", "question": "At 4:15, why is a mold used to cast the final subcutaneous layer instead of printing it directly?", "options": ["A. Due to printer limitations in creating multi-colored layers", "B. Due to the inability of the printer to handle the required viscosity", "C. Because the mold shapes a more porous final structure", "D. Because printing directly can only produce thin layers", "E. To embed a pre-fabricated component within a different matrix material", "F. Because casting allows for better surface smoothness than printing", "G. Because direct printing risks mixing incompatible materials", "H. To avoid overheating the previously printed tumor structure", "I. To reduce material waste compared to direct printing", "J. Due to the slow curing time of the printed gel wax"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60563.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_925", "question": "To achieve a final count of approximately 50 foci per well in the 10⁻⁵ dilution of the 96-well plate assay, what must the minimum titer (in FFU/mL) of the initial harvested supernatant be?", "options": ["A. 0.5 x", "B. 1.25 x", "C. 2.73 x", "D. 1.46 x", "E. 0.95 x", "F. 2.16 x", "G. 2.2 x", "H. 0.6 x", "I. 4.25 x", "J. 1.68 x"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64578.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_143", "question": "What core concept in experimental neuroscience is validated by the comparison of two groups of mice at 5:53?", "options": ["A. Effect of environmental enrichment", "B. Influence of circadian rhythms on protein levels", "C. Validation of behavioral assay techniques", "D. Differences in mouse age groups", "E. Comparison of gender differences", "F. Validity of transgenic animal models", "G. Variability in human Aβ40 expression", "H. Effect of anesthesia on amyloid concentration", "I. Role of exercise in altering CSF biomarkers", "J. Impact of diet on amyloid levels"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56774.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_66", "question": "What fundamental biochemical principle is demonstrated by the graph developing between 4:58 and 5:10?", "options": ["A. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer", "B. Sedimentation-based separation of macromolecules", "C. Thermal denaturation profile of RNA", "D. Electrophoretic mobility of charged particles", "E. Diffusion rate of macromolecules in solution", "F. Hydrodynamic radius measurement by dynamic light scattering", "G. Osmotic pressure changes in sucrose gradients", "H. Absorption spectrum shift due to protein folding", "I. Thermodynamic equilibrium of protein-ligand binding", "J. Enzyme kinetics of ribosomal activity"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67445.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_975", "question": "Based on the described pigment extraction protocol, what is the final concentration factor of the chlorophyll from the original culture medium to the acetone extract?", "options": ["A. 10.24", "B. 12.48", "C. 13.63", "D. 13.33", "E. 12.38", "F. 13.11", "G. 16.29", "H. 13.72", "I. 15.55", "J. 13.26"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67208.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_469", "question": "What could happen if the step shown from 4:18 to 4:21 fails?", "options": ["A. Brain tissue is damaged", "B. The sample is contaminated with external microbes", "C. The sample is contaminated with skin cells", "D. The dura mater is not penetrated adequately", "E. Vacuum is lost in the capillary tube", "F. The capillary tube breaks inside the membrane", "G. Over-penetration causes cerebrospinal fluid leakage", "H. The micromanipulator controls are displaced", "I. The CSF sample is contaminated with blood", "J. Air bubbles are introduced into the CSF"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56774.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_771", "question": "A lab performs the astrocyte isolation, but modifies the protocol by using only one T75 flask for the first passage instead of two. Assuming they achieve the minimum yield at the second split, how many cells would they harvest?", "options": ["A. 3 ,", "B. 4 ,", "C. 6 ,", "D. 10 ,", "E. 5 ,", "F. 1 ,", "G. 7 ,", "H. 2 ,", "I. 0 ,", "J. 8 ,"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_50079.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_767", "question": "A researcher follows the complete protocol. Starting with four pups, they perform the first passage, splitting the purified cells into the specified number of new flasks. They then take *all* of these new flasks and culture them to confluence for the second split. If they achieve the maximum stated yield from each flask at this second split and need to plate cells for an experiment in 24-well plates at a density of fifty thousand cells per well, how many full 24-well plates can they prepare?", "options": ["A. 3 plates", "B. 9 plates", "C. 5 plates", "D. 8 plates", "E. 4 plates", "F. 7 plates", "G. 0 plates", "H. 6 plates", "I. 1 plates", "J. 2 plates"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_50079.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_877", "question": "Using the physical parameters and equations provided in the video's protocol, what is the approximate flow rate (Q) required to achieve the target wall shear stress of 1.5 Pa mentioned in the results section? Provide the answer in mL/min.", "options": ["A. 41.92", "B. 34.92", "C. 46.7", "D. 37.19", "E. 45.89", "F. 41.5", "G. 48.38", "H. 39.54", "I. 52.84", "J. 44.74"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61824.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_117", "question": "Why are the slides placed into the specialized container at 02:15 during incubation?", "options": ["A. Protect slides from light exposure", "B. Prevent reagent evaporation", "C. Accelerate antibody binding", "D. Maintain slide temperature", "E. Avoid reagent spillage", "F. Keep slides sterile", "G. Allow air circulation around slides", "H. Facilitate even reagent distribution", "I. Reduce incubation time", "J. Prevent contamination from dust"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52293.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_238", "question": "In the SEM sample preparation workflow, what major structural artifact would result from omitting the step shown at 04:20?", "options": ["A. Cracking of resin embedding medium", "B. Over-coating with conductive metal layer", "C. Shrinkage of internal organelles", "D. Destruction of fine surface ultrastructure", "E. Collapse of large-scale tissue architecture", "F. Excessive sample charging during imaging", "G. Formation of ice crystals within the sample", "H. Incomplete fixation of cellular components", "I. Contamination from airborne particulates", "J. Loss of protein antigenicity for staining"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64733.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_384", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown at 2:09-2:15 fails?", "options": ["A. The end of the previous trial is not signaled", "B. Background sounds are not properly recorded for analysis", "C. Frequency of ambient tank noises is not measured", "D. The volume range of the noise machine is not tested", "E. The experimenter's voice lacks clarity", "F. Room temperature is not adjusted using audio noise", "G. No distracting stimulus is created for the subjects", "H. Intermittent environmental noises are not masked", "I. Subjects are not alerted about the start of the experiment", "J. Audio equipment is not calibrated correctly for recording"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_3638.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_717", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 08:16-08:24 fails?", "options": ["A. The DNA molecule is not stretched before measurement", "B. A single, doubly-functionalized DNA molecule is not captured", "C. DNA molecules are not separated from protein complexes", "D. The fluorescence intensity of DNA cannot be measured", "E. The optical trap stiffness is not calibrated", "F. Binding of DNA to only one bead is not observed", "G. The concentration of DNA near the beads does not increase", "H. The DNA solution is not mixed for uniform bead coating", "I. The DNA is not released from one bead for analysis", "J. Incorrectly bound beads remain attached to the trap"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67076.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_615", "question": "What could happen if the pipette maneuver shown from 5:31 to 5:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Excess PBS is not rinsed off from the sections", "B. Sections remain stuck to the pipette", "C. Mounting medium is not added evenly over the tissue", "D. Debris is not washed off from the tissue surface", "E. Slide does not dry quickly before imaging", "F. Overlapping tissue on the slide is not separated", "G. Sections do not adhere flat to the glass", "H. Excess stain remains on the sections", "I. Slide is not flat enough to fit the microscope", "J. Sections are not checked for proper orientation"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62876.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_237", "question": "What is the primary purpose of adding the blue-colored substance to the perfusion solution (01:29)?", "options": ["A. Facilitating the removal of excess blood from tissues", "B. Improving penetration of fixative into brain tissue", "C. Preventing coagulation during perfusion", "D. Increasing the osmolarity of the perfusion solution", "E. Differentiating gray matter from white matter", "F. Marking damage sites in brain tissue", "G. Visual identification of the choroid plexus", "H. Enhancing the fixation of brain tissue", "I. Highlighting neuronal cell bodies in the brain", "J. Visualizing blood vessels by staining residual blood"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64733.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_710", "question": "What could happen if the centrifugation step performed between 03:24 and 03:31 fails?", "options": ["A. Unbound target analytes remain attached to the beads", "B. Nanobead suspension is not concentrated due to retained water", "C. Unreacted EDC and byproducts remain in the mixture", "D. Activated nanobeads remain mixed with the antibody solution", "E. Antibody-nanobead conjugates do not form a pellet", "F. Binding of the antibody to the nanobeads is hindered", "G. Nanobeads are not separated from the reaction buffer", "H. Unwanted cellular debris remains in the solution", "I. Excess antibody is not removed from the mixture", "J. Unreacted carboxyl groups remain on the nanobead surface"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67000.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_320", "question": "What is the critical purpose of the step performed between 04:13 and 04:20?", "options": ["A. To enhance viral replication speed for faster results", "B. To wash away unattached virus particles from the wells", "C. To lyse non-infected cells and reduce background", "D. To stain infected cells for clearer visualization", "E. To increase nutrient availability for cell growth", "F. To change pH for optimal viral enzyme activity", "G. To restrict spread of virus particles for accurate titer calculation", "H. To neutralize residual antiviral compounds in the medium", "I. To prevent dehydration of the cell monolayer during incubation", "J. To fix the cells and preserve morphology"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64578.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_111", "question": "What measurement error is the experimenter trying to avoid by performing the procedure?", "options": ["A. Data transcription mistake", "B. Instrument resolution limit", "C. Parallax error", "D. Human reaction delay", "E. Environmental noise interference", "F. Systematic bias", "G. Thermal expansion effect", "H. Sample contamination", "I. Random error", "J. Calibration drift"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56812.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_427", "question": "What could happen if the operation performed between 01:50 and 02:02 fails?", "options": ["A. Microdissection tool sharpness is not verified", "B. Tissue color change is not evaluated", "C. EDTA solution concentration is not confirmed", "D. Preservation of antigens is not tested", "E. Residual calcium presence is not observed", "F. Bone fracture risk is not identified", "G. Tissue hydration level is not accurately determined", "H. Tissue elasticity before embedding is not assessed", "I. Tissue swelling extent is not measured", "J. Decalcification remains incomplete"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53561.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_872", "question": "Based on the note in section 1.1.2, which states a standard culture volume yields a specific wet cell pellet weight, what is the total volume of sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) required to complete the sacculi washing procedure up to the first enzymatic digestion step, assuming the maximum number of washes mentioned is performed?", "options": ["A. 750 mL", "B. 731 mL", "C. 567 mL", "D. 832 mL", "E. 787 mL", "F. 906 mL", "G. 636 mL", "H. 676 mL", "I. 698 mL", "J. 880 mL"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61799.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_34", "question": "What is the purpose of the operation shown between 2:24 and 2:36?", "options": ["A. To mix different cell types uniformly on the substrate", "B. To calibrate the microscope focus on patterned cells", "C. To realign the magnetic field for uniform cell adhesion", "D. To reposition cells for better nutrient access", "E. To initiate the detachment of patterned cells", "F. To create space for patterning adjacent cells", "G. To reduce cell density in the existing pattern", "H. To overlay a second magnetic field for pattern reinforcement", "I. To remove excess fluid from the culture surface", "J. To activate the magnet for initial cell patterning"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66063.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_880", "question": "Given the dimensions of the scaffold specified in the protocol (inner diameter and wall thickness), what is the total surface area in square millimeters available for cell seeding on both the inner and outer surfaces of one scaffold cut to the length shown in the video?", "options": ["A. 460.11", "B. 502.7", "C. 562.25", "D. 540.98", "E. 420.58", "F. 606.6", "G. 536.53", "H. 355.95", "I. 449.35", "J. 503.41"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61824.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_259", "question": "Why is the step shown at 6:11-6:34 necessary before LC-MS/MS analysis?", "options": ["A. To homogenize the sample mixture", "B. To neutralize the sample pH", "C. To concentrate the analytes by evaporation", "D. To add internal standards for quantification", "E. To sterilize the sample by removing bacteria", "F. To remove volatile organic solvents", "G. To remove insoluble particulates", "H. To desalt the sample prior to injection", "I. To dilute the sample to the correct volume", "J. To remove soluble proteins before analysis"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63779.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_589", "question": "What could happen if the glassware shown at 02:05 during the heating step fails?", "options": ["A. Impurities pass through the vapor before condensation", "B. Boiling level inside the flask cannot be visually monitored", "C. Glassware breaks due to lack of safety shielding", "D. Pressure builds up dangerously inside the flask", "E. Solvent evaporates during boiling", "F. Uneven heating occurs due to poor water circulation around the flask", "G. Contamination from atmospheric air occurs during heating", "H. Boiling point of the solvent is not increased as needed", "I. Dissolved gases remain in the solution during heating", "J. Condensed solvent is not stored properly outside"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61799.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_709", "question": "What could happen if the overnight magnetic stirring step starting at 02:31 fails?", "options": ["A. Excess water remains, preventing concentration of the emulsion", "B. Quantum dots are unevenly distributed in the solution", "C. Solvent concentration does not increase, leading to poor dispersion", "D. Solvent does not evaporate completely leading to no solidification", "E. Temperature fluctuates during particle formation causing defects", "F. Ultrasonication effects are reduced, resulting in larger droplet size", "G. Formed nanobeads sediment and separate", "H. Solution remains warm and polymer does not crystallize", "I. Emulsion does not break into larger droplets and remains unstable", "J. Chemical reaction between polymer and quantum dots is incomplete"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67000.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_157", "question": "What physical principle enables the microscopy technique shown at 7:17 to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio?", "options": ["A. Total Internal Reflection", "B. Surface Plasmon Resonance", "C. Polarized Light Absorption", "D. Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer", "E. Evanescent Wave Scattering", "F. Confocal Pinhole Aperture", "G. Dark Field Illumination", "H. Refracted Light Interference", "I. Two-Photon Excitation", "J. Bright Field Illumination"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67263.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_69", "question": "What analytical error is mitigated by the flow cytometry sample preparation step shown between 03:41 and 03:55?", "options": ["A. Electronic signal saturation", "B. Background fluorescence noise", "C. Coincident event error", "D. Doublet discrimination error", "E. Photobleaching artifact", "F. Laser misalignment error", "G. Baseline drift artifact", "H. Dead cell interference", "I. Clogging of flow chamber", "J. Improper cell staining"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67311.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_395", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown between 3:24 and 3:35 fails?", "options": ["A. Culture dish becomes contaminated", "B. Antibody binding is slow due to lack of agitation", "C. pH of the antibody solution is incorrect", "D. Incubation temperature remains too low", "E. Oxygen supply to cells is inadequate", "F. Evaporation occurs due to insufficient humidity", "G. Antibody does not penetrate the tissue", "H. Light exposure during incubation is insufficient", "I. Contamination occurs due to unsealed dish", "J. Antibody distribution is uneven"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_51245.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_840", "question": "Calculate the cumulative centrifugation time, in minutes, required to process the cells, starting from the initial harvest from the culture medium up to the point just before the addition of the lysis buffer.", "options": ["A. 31", "B. 35", "C. 38", "D. 24", "E. 30", "F. 36", "G. 39", "H. 37", "I. 28", "J. 34"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59865.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_72", "question": "What detrimental effect on data quality results from not correctly performing the step shown at 03:51 to 04:00?", "options": ["A. Incorrect pH affecting peptide ionization", "B. Degradation of peptides from prolonged incubation", "C. Reduced signal due to dilution of sample", "D. High background signals and contamination", "E. Formation of non-specific peptide bonds", "F. Protein aggregation from incomplete solubilization", "G. Insufficient enzymatic digestion of proteins", "H. Increased enzymatic activity from excess pepsin", "I. Contaminant carryover from previous steps", "J. Loss of target peptides due to over-washing"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55464.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_533", "question": "What could happen if the chemical added to porous silicon nanoparticles during the loading step (03:42) fails?", "options": ["A. Enzymatic degradation is not inhibited", "B. Reduction reactions do not take place", "C. Nanoparticle structure lacks stability", "D. Fluorescent tagging fails", "E. Silicon surface is not modified by oxidation", "F. Nanoparticles are thermally unstable", "G. Electrostatic precipitation does not occur", "H. siRNA does not dissolve properly", "I. pH is not properly buffered", "J. Pore size does not increase"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59440.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_398", "question": "What could happen if the operation performed between 02:59 and 03:10 fails?", "options": ["A. Embryos retain yeast contamination", "B. Excess liquid remains in the embryo mixture", "C. Embryos are not sorted by developmental stage", "D. Large tissue clumps remain intact", "E. Fine particulate matter is not filtered out", "F. Bacteria remain in the embryo solution", "G. Embryos are not properly mixed with staining solution", "H. Embryos remain mixed with debris", "I. Adult flies are not collected for breeding", "J. Embryo suspension remains dilute"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_51387.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_329", "question": "What is the key functional difference between the chambers shown at 06:35 and 07:30?", "options": ["A. Rapid oxygenation vs. slow chemical equilibration", "B. Use of NMDG solution vs. use of sucrose solution", "C. Cold hypoxic recovery vs. warm oxygenated maintenance", "D. Short-term cold storage vs. long-term warm incubation", "E. Anaerobic recovery vs. aerobic experimental conditions", "F. High-sodium saline vs. low-sodium protective solution", "G. Low-calcium incubation vs. high-calcium stimulation", "H. Low-magnesium resting phase vs. high-magnesium activation phase", "I. Room-temperature neuroprotection vs. heated solution washing", "J. Acute warm recovery vs. long-term room-temperature maintenance"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53825.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_321", "question": "Why is the cleaning step performed between 03:42 and 04:02 crucial?", "options": ["A. Isolate the anode from ambient moisture", "B. Eliminate surface roughness on substrate", "C. Improve optical transparency", "D. Enhance adhesion of Aluminum cathode", "E. Improve mechanical flexibility of the substrate", "F. Increase emissive layer thickness", "G. Remove residual solvents from PEDOT:PSS", "H. Reduce capacitance between device layers", "I. Prevent electrical short-circuits", "J. Prevent mixing of anode and cathode materials"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61071.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_511", "question": "What could happen if the step at 01:52 conducted on ice fails?", "options": ["A. Chemical reactions proceed too quickly and are less controlled", "B. Contamination from airborne particles increases", "C. Fluorescent signal of the label is weakened", "D. Antibodies undergo thermal denaturation", "E. pH of the mixture becomes unstable", "F. Components mix slower than intended", "G. Premature polymerization of the protein mixture occurs", "H. Proteins bind less strongly to plastic", "I. Solution evaporates more quickly", "J. Proteins undergo enzymatic degradation"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58781.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_821", "question": "Using the injection volume from one side of the validation experiment, and accounting for all specified wait times and the infusion itself, what is the minimum time in minutes from the moment the needle reaches the target depth in the first hemisphere to the moment it is fully withdrawn from the second hemisphere for a bilateral procedure, assuming maximal efficiency between sides?", "options": ["A. 4 minutes", "B. 6 minutes", "C. 5 minutes", "D. 14 minutes", "E. 7 minutes", "F. 10 minutes", "G. 9 minutes", "H. 16 minutes", "I. 3 minutes", "J. 8 minutes"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57270.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_540", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 01:29 and 01:38 fails?", "options": ["A. Bacterial cells are not properly separated from the medium", "B. Bacterial culture is not diluted correctly with buffer", "C. Bacterial suspension is not cooled for preservation", "D. Excess supernatant liquid remains", "E. Bacterial cell walls are not broken to release contents", "F. Bacteria are not mixed properly with antibiotics for treatment", "G. Bacterial culture is not properly centrifuged", "H. Bacterial cells do not settle at the bottom", "I. Bacterial debris is not filtered out from the mixture", "J. Bacterial pellet is not resuspended evenly"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60059.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_467", "question": "What could happen if the two operations shown at 2:43 and 3:05 fail?", "options": ["A. pH is not adjusted before digestion and salts are not removed before alkylation", "B. Peptide digestion is not enhanced at early and late stages", "C. Protein cross-linking before digestion and peptide cross-linking before alkylation do not occur", "D. Protein is not properly denatured initially and enzymes are not inactivated at the end", "E. Cysteine is not oxidized prior to digestion and not reduced after digestion", "F. Disulfide bonds do not form followed by incorrect peptide folding", "G. Unreacted alkylating agents are not removed and enzymes are not regenerated", "H. Protein is not alkylated before digestion and peptides are not stabilized before analysis", "I. Protein is not reduced before digestion and peptides are not reduced before alkylation", "J. Protein is not labeled prior to digestion and peptides are not labeled after digestion"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56474.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_343", "question": "What is a likely adverse consequence of omitting the step shown at 04:28?", "options": ["A. Formation of insoluble RNA aggregates", "B. Increased RNA yield by avoiding over-drying", "C. Enhanced enzymatic activity from residual ethanol", "D. Increased RNA concentration from residual moisture", "E. Incomplete RNA precipitation causing pellet loss", "F. Contamination from ethanol-induced RNA fragmentation", "G. Reduced RNA binding to column during purification", "H. Improved stability of RNA during storage", "I. Inhibition of enzymatic reactions", "J. Degradation of RNA due to prolonged drying"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67407.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_502", "question": "What could happen if the current delivery profile when the 'sham' button is activated fails?", "options": ["A. Current remains steady instead of fluctuating rapidly", "B. Current remains constant instead of increasing throughout", "C. Current ramps down when it should not", "D. Current fluctuates instead of remaining constant at low level", "E. Continuous current is delivered instead of short pulses with rest periods", "F. Brief current pulses are delivered instead of sustained current", "G. Sustained current is delivered instead of brief current pulses", "H. Pulses are delivered continuously instead of only at session end", "I. Current is delivered instead of no current", "J. Current is delivered outside the first minute"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58517.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_623", "question": "What could happen if the step shown at 6:11-6:34 fails before LC-MS/MS analysis?", "options": ["A. Sample mixture remains inhomogeneous", "B. Internal standards are not added for quantification", "C. Analytes are not sufficiently concentrated", "D. Sample pH remains unneutralized", "E. Salts remain in the sample prior to injection", "F. Volatile organic solvents are not removed", "G. Insoluble particulates remain in the sample", "H. Sample volume is incorrect due to improper dilution", "I. Soluble proteins are not removed before analysis", "J. Bacteria are not removed and sample is not sterilized"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63779.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_682", "question": "What could happen if the overnight incubation step shown at 02:45 to 02:57 fails?", "options": ["A. Surface charges are not neutralized causing unwanted cell binding", "B. Surface remains hydrophilic and does not repel water", "C. Bacterial growth on the slide surface is not promoted", "D. Cells are not fixed and their morphology is not preserved", "E. Slide transparency does not increase for imaging", "F. Fluorescent markers on bacterial cells are not activated", "G. Cell adhesion is not enhanced by chemical modification", "H. Excess moisture stays on the slides", "I. Slides are not coated with nutrient-rich medium", "J. Residual bacteria remain on the slides"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66562.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_413", "question": "What could happen if placing the slides into the specialized container at 02:15 during incubation fails?", "options": ["A. Air does not circulate around slides", "B. Slides get contaminated by dust", "C. Reagent distribution is uneven", "D. Slides are exposed to light", "E. Incubation time is not reduced", "F. Reagent evaporates", "G. Antibody binding is slowed", "H. Reagent spills", "I. Slides are not kept sterile", "J. Slide temperature is not maintained"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52293.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_788", "question": "What is the total volume, in microliters, of 1% donkey serum solution used for all primary and secondary antibody dilutions across all slides for one complete experimental run?", "options": ["A. 1824 µL", "B. 1789 µL", "C. 1802 µL", "D. 1738 µL", "E. 1924 µL", "F. 2100 µL", "G. 2055 µL", "H. 1971 µL", "I. 2364 µL", "J. 2124 µL"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52293.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_114", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the manual shaking step performed at 07:19-07:30?", "options": ["A. Prevent astrocyte contamination in OPC cultures", "B. Dislodge loosely attached OPCs before final purification", "C. Increase oxygenation for cell metabolism", "D. Improve nutrient distribution in the cell suspension", "E. Enhance astrocyte adherence to the culture dish", "F. Stimulate cell proliferation by mechanical agitation", "G. Remove loosely attached microglial cells", "H. Dislodge adherent oligodendrocyte precursor cells", "I. Mix chemical reagents evenly into the culture medium", "J. Separate neurons from astrocytes by density"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_50079.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_603", "question": "What could happen if a room-temperature solution is used instead of a pre-chilled one at 0:56?", "options": ["A. Enzymatic reaction rates become faster", "B. Volatile metabolites are lost due to heat", "C. Cell lysis efficiency decreases", "D. Protein denaturation increases", "E. Contamination from external microbes increases", "F. Cellular debris removal is incomplete", "G. pH is altered, affecting metabolite stability", "H. Metabolic state is preserved inaccurately", "I. Metabolite extraction yield decreases", "J. Enzymatic activity cessation slows down"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62061.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_451", "question": "What could happen if the operation performed between 04:12 and 04:22 fails?", "options": ["A. Protein fluorescence is weak making visualization difficult", "B. Dye concentration remains too low causing poor staining", "C. Ionic strength is not adjusted leading to poor separation resolution", "D. Enzymes remain active leading to protein degradation", "E. Protein migration speed does not increase due to low voltage", "F. Gel overheats due to insufficient cooling", "G. Dye concentration remains too high and protein charge is not maintained", "H. Protein structure is unstable due to improper pH", "I. Proteins that did not enter the gel are not removed", "J. Excess salt remains in the gel matrix"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55498.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_850", "question": "What is the ratio of the volume of the chloroform-methanol mixture used for the re-extraction of the upper aqueous phase to the volume of glass beads used for cell disruption?", "options": ["A. 0", "B. 7", "C. 5", "D. 1", "E. 4", "F. 8", "G. 9", "H. 2", "I. 3", "J. 6"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60616.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_676", "question": "What could happen if grooming behavior is not distinguished between general cleaning sequences and isolated instances during the analysis at 03:20?", "options": ["A. Spontaneous, non-evoked pain behavior is not measured accurately", "B. Grooming frequency during active periods is not analyzed correctly", "C. Grooming that is part of sleep behavior is not excluded", "D. Grooming before and after drug administration is not compared", "E. Grooming caused by stress is mistaken for normal cleaning", "F. Grooming as a response to environmental changes is not evaluated", "G. Grooming triggered by external stimuli is not identified", "H. Grooming related to food debris removal is not separated", "I. Grooming linked to social interaction is not assessed", "J. Grooming due to itch sensation is not differentiated"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66420.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_470", "question": "What could happen if the procedure described from 8:16 to 8:35 fails?", "options": ["A. Extracellular dye remains on the tissue", "B. Tissue remains opaque and not transparent", "C. Cells do not receive necessary nutrients", "D. Electrophysiological recordings are unstable", "E. Voltage-sensitive dye is not applied for electrophysiology", "F. Anatomical identification cannot be performed accurately", "G. Enzymatic reactions continue in the slice", "H. Tissue remains hydrated and cannot be embedded properly", "I. Fluorescent antibodies do not label for live imaging", "J. Slice cannot be properly cryo-sectioned"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56776.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_929", "question": "A researcher prepares a batch of the transcardial perfusion solution. If the total mass of heparin used for this batch is numerically equal to the volume of solution in milliliters used to perfuse a single mouse, what is the total mass of bromophenol blue, in grams, required for this batch?", "options": ["A. 25 g", "B. 19 g", "C. 22 g", "D. 24 g", "E. 23 g", "F. 31 g", "G. 26 g", "H. 27 g", "I. 30 g", "J. 29 g"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64733.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_656", "question": "What could happen if the selection made in the UALCAN portal at 01:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Survival analysis for ovarian cancer patients is not loaded", "B. Tumor stage III samples are not selected for analysis", "C. Data is not filtered to only include normal tissue samples", "D. Analysis is not switched to CPTAC proteomics dataset", "E. Gene mutation frequency analysis is not focused on", "F. Data is not filtered to only use GEO microarray datasets", "G. Analysis is not changed to DNA methylation dataset", "H. Ovarian cancer dataset from TCGA RNASeq data is not selected", "I. Filter for early-stage cancer samples is not applied", "J. Analysis is not switched to mRNA expression profile"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65841.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_58", "question": "What fundamental molecular biology principle is demonstrated in the steps from 03:41 to 04:36?", "options": ["A. Protein folding specificity", "B. Histone-DNA interaction specificity", "C. DNA methylation pattern recognition", "D. Ligand-receptor binding specificity", "E. Enzyme-substrate binding", "F. Chromatin remodeling complex specificity", "G. Transcription factor-DNA specificity", "H. DNA base pairing specificity", "I. Antigen-antibody specificity", "J. RNA polymerase binding specificity"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53832.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_674", "question": "What could happen if the operation performed between 6:01 and 6:08 during the hepatic spheroid droplet formation fails?", "options": ["A. Oxygen saturation is insufficient", "B. Temperature is not properly equilibrated", "C. Nutrients are not adequately mixed", "D. Contaminants are not removed", "E. Surface tension is not properly altered", "F. pH remains unbalanced", "G. Droplet size is inconsistent", "H. Viscosity remains too high", "I. Evaporation is not controlled", "J. Cell density is not correctly adjusted"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66229.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_335", "question": "What is the purpose of the burner flame shown at 05:18?", "options": ["A. To provide visible light for better observation", "B. To signal the start of the experiment", "C. To measure the temperature of the air", "D. To dry the work surface quickly", "E. To maintain aseptic conditions", "F. To sterilize the inoculating loop", "G. To create a controlled environment for reactions", "H. To keep microbes warm for growth", "I. To heat the culture tubes rapidly", "J. To ignite flammable reagents nearby"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Biology", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67126.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_443", "question": "What could happen if the procedure at 01:03 fails and the precaution at 07:02 is not followed?", "options": ["A. An explosion happens due to flames", "B. Hearing damage occurs from loud noise", "C. Inhalation of harmful dust occurs", "D. Accidental ingestion of harmful substances occurs", "E. Chemical burns are sustained", "F. Electric shock happens due to wet hands", "G. A fire starts without extinguisher nearby", "H. Eye irritation or injury occurs", "I. Exposure to harmful radiation occurs", "J. Slips happen due to uncleared spills"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54674.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_99", "question": "Why is the sample held in a specific orientation for several hours at the final step at 4:15?", "options": ["A. Induce crystallization of lubricant molecules", "B. Enable capillary absorption into the substrate", "C. Facilitate alignment of nanofibers by magnetic field", "D. Remove excess lubricant by gravity", "E. Stabilize the sample temperature evenly", "F. Allow solvent evaporation from the sample", "G. Enhance chemical bonding by prolonged contact", "H. Reduce surface tension via orientation change", "I. Promote drying through heat convection", "J. Prevent contamination by air exposure"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58356.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_31", "question": "Which species act as the oxidizing and reducing agents during the phenomenon illustrated at 02:31?", "options": ["A. Oxidizing agent: aluminosilicate; reducing agent: silver clusters (Ag⁰)", "B. Oxidizing agent: oxygen molecules; reducing agent: silver clusters", "C. Oxidizing agent: silver ion (Ag⁺); reducing agent: oxygen atoms in zeolite", "D. Oxidizing agent: neutral silver clusters; reducing agent: water molecules", "E. Oxidizing agent: zeolite framework; reducing agent: oxygen molecules", "F. Oxidizing agent: water vapor; reducing agent: silver ion (Ag⁺)", "G. Oxidizing agent: silver clusters (Ag⁰); reducing agent: zeolite framework", "H. Oxidizing agent: silver ion (Ag⁺); reducing agent: external hydrogen", "I. Oxidizing agent: zeolite framework; reducing agent: silver ion (Ag⁺)", "J. Oxidizing agent: silver ion (Ag⁺); reducing agent: zeolite framework"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54674.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_87", "question": "What is the primary function of the component added to the vacuum chamber at 05:01?", "options": ["A. Release oxygen to facilitate oxidation", "B. Serve as a visual indicator of vacuum level", "C. Act as a support structure for coupons", "D. Provide a source of calcium ions", "E. Serve as a catalyst for polymerization", "F. Provide moisture to aid polymerization", "G. Act as a desiccant", "H. Absorb residual monomers", "I. Act as a vacuum pump enhancer", "J. Serve as a temperature buffer"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67825.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_995", "question": "What is the total mass of the synthesized ionic liquid, in micrograms, applied to the agar plate during the single disc diffusion assay shown in the video?", "options": ["A. 3.19 µg", "B. 2.87 µg", "C. 2.53 µg", "D. 4.97 µg", "E. 0.76 µg", "F. 2.2 µg", "G. 0.73 µg", "H. 4.24 µg", "I. 2.6 µg", "J. 4.43 µg"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67345.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_361", "question": "What chemical principle underlies the process shown following SAFE distillation?", "options": ["A. Like dissolves like and differential partitioning", "B. Boiling point differences causing selective evaporation", "C. Polar compounds reacting chemically with dichloromethane", "D. Density-driven precipitation of aroma compounds", "E. Temperature-driven crystallization of compounds", "F. Molecular weight differences and gravity separation", "G. Hydrogen bonding dominance in dichloromethane layer", "H. Electrostatic attraction between water and dichloromethane", "I. pH-dependent ionization of compounds in the aqueous phase", "J. Magnetic susceptibility differences between solvents"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65522.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_193", "question": "Why was the wavelength range adjusted during the emission spectrum remeasurement between 05:01 and 05:07?", "options": ["A. To align with the emission peak of the reference sample", "B. To correct for instrumental baseline drift over time", "C. To compensate for temperature-induced wavelength shifts", "D. To avoid detecting first-order Rayleigh scattering artifacts", "E. To reduce background fluorescence from the solvent", "F. To exclude Raman scattering peaks near the excitation wavelength", "G. To compensate for the detector's reduced sensitivity at lower wavelengths", "H. To prevent saturation from second-order diffraction artifacts", "I. To avoid overlap with the excitation source's broader emission spectrum", "J. To match the bandwidth of the monochromator for better resolution"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66035.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_407", "question": "What could happen if the angled pump beam illumination in the measurement setup from 07:26 fails to reduce the experimental artifact?", "options": ["A. Thermal noise interferes with the measurement", "B. Signal reflection happens", "C. Detector saturates", "D. Mode hopping takes place", "E. Coherence length varies", "F. Optical feedback occurs", "G. Ambient light contaminates the signal", "H. Photodiode dark current affects the reading", "I. Laser biasing occurs", "J. Beam becomes misaligned"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52028.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_46", "question": "What is the main purpose of the procedure performed on the solvent blank dataset (1:51-2:48)?", "options": ["A. Calculate baseline noise level", "B. Estimate sample fluorescence contribution", "C. Generate chirp correction file", "D. Calibrate laser intensity fluctuations", "E. Correct photodetector nonlinearities", "F. Fit solvent thermal relaxation dynamics", "G. Subtract solvent absorption background", "H. Measure solvent scattering effects", "I. Normalize time-zero amplitude", "J. Determine instrument response function"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65519.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_643", "question": "What could happen if the reaction is disturbed during heating (4:20 - 4:35) instead of being left undisturbed?", "options": ["A. Solvent evaporates excessively during heating", "B. Reactants do not fully dissolve before crystallization begins", "C. Mechanical mixing of metal nodes and linkers is reduced", "D. Increased risk of contamination from the stirrer", "E. Temperature distribution becomes uneven throughout the solution", "F. Crystal growth becomes uncontrolled and too rapid", "G. Reaction volume fluctuates due to splashing", "H. Delicate crystal nuclei formed early are broken", "I. Nucleation is limited to fewer points due to agitation", "J. Oxidation occurs due to increased air exposure during stirring"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65317.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_515", "question": "What could happen if the final cleaning and drying step described at 03:22-03:41 fails?", "options": ["A. Sample is not coated with a conductive layer", "B. Sample is not clean and incompatible with vacuum", "C. Sample is not cooled rapidly before imaging", "D. Biological material decays due to lack of fixation", "E. Sample's surface morphology becomes unstable", "F. Excess metal particles remain on the surface", "G. Static charge builds up on the sample", "H. Chemical reactions occur with the SEM electron beam", "I. Surface liquids remain, reducing contrast", "J. Moisture causes beam scattering"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58827.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_666", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown at 02:22-02:26 fails?", "options": ["A. Moisture absorption affects results", "B. Instrumental wavelength drifts", "C. Baseline noise becomes distorted", "D. Scattering due to particle size increases", "E. ATR crystal becomes contaminated", "F. Sample undergoes thermal degradation", "G. Sample thickness is inaccurate", "H. Sample concentration fluctuates", "I. Background atmospheric CO2 interferes", "J. Solvent spectrum interference occurs"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66035.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_808", "question": "A researcher uses the standard protocol but wants to fabricate SRRs with a resonant frequency that is √2 times higher than the standard device with the Al₂O₃-filled nanogaps. Assuming the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the capacitance, and the capacitance is directly proportional to the dielectric constant of the gap material and inversely proportional to the gap size, what thickness of air gap should they create by performing the optional etching step? (The dielectric constant of Al₂O₃ is 9, and for air it is 1).", "options": ["A. 45 nm", "B. 40 nm", "C. 38 nm", "D. 50 nm", "E. 43 nm", "F. 36 nm", "G. 42 nm", "H. 37 nm", "I. 46 nm", "J. 53 nm"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55289.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_953", "question": "Considering only the chloroauric acid precursor added during the seed synthesis, what is the final molar concentration of chloride ions in the flask, expressed in millimolar units?", "options": ["A. 1.47 mM", "B. 2.14 mM", "C. 0.86 mM", "D. 3.75 mM", "E. 1.88 mM", "F. 1.45 mM", "G. 0.36 mM", "H. 0.5 mM", "I. 2.39 mM", "J. 0.8 mM"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66628.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_289", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operational step shown between 2:01 and 2:08?", "options": ["A. Mixing nanoparticles with stabilizing agents", "B. Removing large aggregates by filtration", "C. Sonication to disperse nanoparticle clumps", "D. Allowing nanoparticles to settle by gravity", "E. Measuring the size distribution of nanoparticles", "F. Adjusting pH to modify nanoparticle charge", "G. Purification of synthesized nanoparticles", "H. Heating nanoparticles to increase reaction rate", "I. Drying nanoparticles to remove solvent", "J. Diluting nanoparticles for spectroscopic analysis"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53598.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_624", "question": "What could happen if ammonium persulfate (APS) is not added last in the reagent sequence shown between 01:14 and 02:11?", "options": ["A. Viscosity might not increase appropriately before adding TEMED", "B. Oxygen may not be effectively removed by chemical reaction and remain in the mixture", "C. The solution may not be properly cooled before adding sensitive monomers", "D. Excess surfactant may not be neutralized in the reaction mixture", "E. Protein payload encapsulation could be delayed or incomplete before polymerization", "F. Premature polymerization could occur during mixing", "G. pH balance may be disrupted after adding the cross-linker", "H. Cross-linker reaction could proceed too slowly without catalyst acceleration", "I. Acrylamide and AETC may have poor solubility", "J. Polymerization could initiate too early before mixing and deoxygenation are complete"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63981.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_653", "question": "What could happen if the ammonia addition is not stopped when the solution clears in the synthesis of the silver-ammonia complex (2:03 - 2:18)?", "options": ["A. Insoluble silver hydroxide forms with additional ammonia", "B. Silver ions reduce to metallic silver prematurely with excess ammonia", "C. Glucose reacts directly with ammonia beyond this point", "D. Silver ion concentration is diluted excessively by too much ammonia", "E. The solution becomes acidic from too much ammonia", "F. The solution turns cloudy again caused by additional ammonia", "G. Silver nitrate crystals form if stopping is not done", "H. The reduction reaction is hindered by excess ammonia", "I. The solution overheats because ammonia addition is not halted", "J. Silver oxide precipitates again due to excess ammonia"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65595.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_743", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 04:56 and 05:12 fails?", "options": ["A. [¹¹C]methane is not diluted with inert carrier gas", "B. Radioactivity concentration in the gas mixture is not measured", "C. [¹¹C]methane gas remains impure and unconcentrated", "D. Chemical reaction to form [¹¹C]methyl iodide is not initiated", "E. Carbon dioxide impurities are not trapped or removed", "F. Hydrogen carrier gas is not separated from unreacted precursors", "G. Temperature is insufficient for catalytic conversion of methane", "H. Methane gas does not convert into liquid phase for storage", "I. Moisture stays in the gas stream and is not condensed", "J. Residual radioactive contaminants are not absorbed"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67406.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_479", "question": "What could happen if the procedure done between 04:55 and 05:15 fails?", "options": ["A. Impurities remain in the electrolyte", "B. The open-circuit voltage of the cell is not determined", "C. The lithium metal counter-electrode is unstable", "D. The electrolyte conductivity is not measured accurately", "E. The cathode is not pre-lithiated, reducing capacity", "F. The charge of the cathode material is unbalanced", "G. The reference electrode potential is not calibrated correctly", "H. The integrity of the cell casing is not verified", "I. The solid electrolyte interphase does not form on the anode", "J. The working electrode surface is not properly conditioned"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57735.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_649", "question": "What could happen if the vacuum valve step shown at 03:20-03:28 fails?", "options": ["A. Violent boiling or bumping of the liquid occurs.", "B. Sample volume is lost due to rapid evaporation.", "C. Distillation is delayed due to pressure imbalance.", "D. Air enters the system causing contamination.", "E. Pressure drops causing the liquid to solidify.", "F. The distillate does not freeze immediately.", "G. Glassware cracks from thermal stress.", "H. The condenser is damaged by a sudden temperature rise.", "I. Bubbles form in the vacuum line.", "J. Chemical reactions occur instantly from air exposure."], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65522.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_671", "question": "What could happen if the procedure of adding the white crystalline solid between 00:29 and 00:35 fails?", "options": ["A. Proteins do not precipitate", "B. Color contrast is not enhanced", "C. Heavy metals are not bound", "D. Sample temperature is not reduced", "E. Sample is not preserved properly", "F. Pesticide solubility is not improved", "G. Phase separation does not occur", "H. Chemical reaction is not catalyzed", "I. Sample pH is not neutralized", "J. Sample viscosity does not increase"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66082.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_686", "question": "What could happen if the operation performed on the mixture between 1:02 and 1:04 fails?", "options": ["A. Mixture phases do not separate properly", "B. Insoluble impurities remain in the mixture", "C. Solvent temperature remains low, slowing down extraction", "D. Desired chemical reactions do not occur", "E. Cell walls remain intact, reducing extraction efficiency", "F. Solute dissolution is hindered by low pressure", "G. Solute distribution remains uneven in the solution", "H. Degradation processes accelerate due to inadequate cooling", "I. Microbial growth occurs in the mixture", "J. Solutes remain diluted due to insufficient solvent evaporation"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66612.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_832", "question": "What is the total time, in hours, required for the entire high-temperature treatment process of a single TiO₂ foil after it has been cleaned post-anodization?", "options": ["A. 18 hours", "B. 10 hours", "C. 15 hours", "D. 14 hours", "E. 17 hours", "F. 16 hours", "G. 13 hours", "H. 20 hours", "I. 11 hours", "J. 9 hours"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58661.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_445", "question": "What could happen if the critical experimental condition mentioned at 6:00 is ignored during the procedure?", "options": ["A. Unexpected chemical reactions happen because pH levels are incorrect", "B. Reduction rate is uncontrolled because of insufficient NaBH4 concentration", "C. Oxidation occurs because oxygen is not purged", "D. Undesired photoreactions occur due to exposure to light", "E. Data is inaccurate because measuring instruments are not calibrated", "F. Sample dries out and results become inconsistent from not being submerged", "G. Reactants are unevenly distributed due to lack of agitation", "H. Chemical pathways are altered due to contamination by air", "I. Nanoparticles form prematurely from overexposure to light", "J. Reaction speeds vary because temperature is not kept constant"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55169.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_233", "question": "What critical consequence is demonstrated by setting the MFM lift scan height too low (shown around 05:30)?", "options": ["A. Tip damage from contact with sample surface", "B. Thermal drift affecting image stability", "C. Magnetic domain merging due to scan speed", "D. Magnetic tip contamination from sample surface", "E. Signal loss due to excessive lift height", "F. Topographical artifacts in magnetic phase images", "G. Reduced magnetic sensitivity at high lift height", "H. Vibrational noise from environmental factors", "I. Improper tip-sample distance causing phase noise", "J. Electrostatic interference disrupting magnetic signal"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64180.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_920", "question": "What is the total mass of palladium metal (not the entire complex) used in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction depicted in the video?", "options": ["A. 10.83 mg", "B. 13.2 mg", "C. 14.72 mg", "D. 14.27 mg", "E. 14.17 mg", "F. 12.97 mg", "G. 11.24 mg", "H. 14.98 mg", "I. 13.84 mg", "J. 12.69 mg"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64571.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_650", "question": "What could happen if the sample drop speed control during the step from 02:45 to 03:00 fails?", "options": ["A. Vapor pressure increases too much", "B. Sample becomes contaminated", "C. Temperature fluctuates uncontrollably", "D. Pump becomes overloaded", "E. Sample mixing becomes uneven", "F. Liquid splashes occur", "G. Premature boiling happens", "H. Vacuum is not maintained", "I. Heat is lost excessively", "J. Aroma compounds are released uncontrollably"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65522.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_362", "question": "Why is the sample drop speed controlled during the step from 02:45 to 03:00?", "options": ["A. Minimize heat loss", "B. Maintain high vacuum", "C. Prevent liquid splashing", "D. Ensure uniform sample mixing", "E. Prevent premature boiling", "F. Reduce vapor pressure increase", "G. Avoid sample contamination", "H. Control aroma compound release", "I. Control temperature fluctuations", "J. Limit pump overload"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65522.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_244", "question": "What action is taken at 02:22 to terminate the reaction, and what principle does it operate on?", "options": ["A. Adding a catalyst to accelerate termination steps", "B. Shaking the vessel to dilute the reactants", "C. Introducing nitrogen gas to displace oxygen", "D. Adding a chemical inhibitor to neutralize radicals", "E. Increasing the pressure to suppress radical formation", "F. Removing the seal to expose the mixture to oxygen", "G. Turning off the heat source to reduce reaction rate", "H. Sealing the container airtight to exclude oxygen", "I. Filtering out the polymer to halt the reaction", "J. Cooling the mixture rapidly to stop the reaction"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63981.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_146", "question": "What is the purpose of the initial hydrochloric acid cleaning step shown between 1:00 and 1:04?", "options": ["A. Remove acid-soluble residues and activate glass surface", "B. Deposit metal ions onto the glass surface", "C. Remove water-soluble contaminants from the glass", "D. Increase surface charge by adding hydroxide groups", "E. Remove residues and promote silanol protonation", "F. Rinse away NaOH without altering surface chemistry", "G. Hydrophobize the glass surface to repel water", "H. Etch the glass surface to increase roughness", "I. Apply a protective acid film to the glass", "J. Neutralize organic grease left by NaOH wash"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55169.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_230", "question": "What is the purpose of the procedure done between 04:55 and 05:15?", "options": ["A. Calibrating the reference electrode potential", "B. Checking the integrity of the cell casing", "C. Forming the solid electrolyte interphase on the anode", "D. Conditioning the working electrode surface", "E. Stabilizing the lithium metal counter-electrode", "F. Determining the open-circuit voltage of the cell", "G. Measuring the electrolyte conductivity", "H. Balancing the charge of the cathode material", "I. Removing impurities from the electrolyte", "J. Pre-lithiating the cathode for enhanced capacity"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57735.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_1", "question": "Why is the final cleaning and drying step described at 03:22-03:41 necessary before placing the sample in the SEM?", "options": ["A. To reduce static charge buildup on the sample", "B. To cool the sample rapidly before imaging", "C. To fix biological material and prevent decay", "D. To remove excess metal particles from the surface", "E. To stabilize the sample’s surface morphology", "F. To remove moisture that would cause beam scattering", "G. To enhance contrast by drying surface liquids", "H. To coat the sample with a conductive layer", "I. To prevent chemical reactions with the SEM electron beam", "J. To ensure sample cleanliness and vacuum compatibility"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58827.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_745", "question": "What could happen if the phenomenon illustrated at 04:56 fails?", "options": ["A. Methane is not converted to carbon dioxide inside the column", "B. Methane is not partially trapped and reaction initiates on time", "C. Methane does not adsorb to column material at room temperature", "D. Carbosphere column does not overheat and side-product formation is prevented", "E. Pressure in the system does not increase and valves work properly", "F. Radioactive intermediates elute on time and process does not slow down", "G. Methane is not retained and downstream methylation step succeeds", "H. Methyl iodide does not accumulate and system blockage is avoided", "I. Methane intermediate is not lost and synthesis does not fail", "J. Radioactivity signal does not drop immediately and intermediate is lost"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67406.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_169", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operation performed on the mixture between 1:02 and 1:04?", "options": ["A. Concentrate solutes by evaporating solvent", "B. Increase pressure to facilitate solute dissolution", "C. Increase solvent temperature to speed up extraction", "D. Mix the solution to ensure uniform solute distribution", "E. Sterilize the mixture to prevent microbial growth", "F. Induce chemical reactions by heating the mixture", "G. Enhance extraction by disrupting cell walls", "H. Separate the mixture phases by centrifugation", "I. Cool the mixture to slow down degradation processes", "J. Filter out insoluble impurities from the mixture"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66612.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_514", "question": "What could happen if transferring the sample between chambers as shown between 02:22 and 02:33 fails?", "options": ["A. Reactive gas is not properly introduced into the chamber", "B. Contamination occurs due to load lock not being isolated", "C. The load lock is not evacuated after sample transfer", "D. Sample thickness is not measured before coating", "E. The sample is not cooled before deposition", "F. Chamber pressure is not adjusted for uniform film growth", "G. The sample is misaligned with the deposition target", "H. The main chamber vacuum integrity is compromised", "I. Magnetron sputter power settings are inaccurate", "J. The main chamber is not preheated to operating temperature"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58827.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_359", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the procedure performed between 3:21 and 5:15?", "options": ["A. Isolating a reaction byproduct", "B. Purifying a single enantiomer", "C. Separating diastereomers", "D. Drying the crystals before analysis", "E. Testing the solubility of compounds in pentane", "F. Extracting polar compounds using methanol", "G. Performing a chromatographic separation", "H. Removing solvent impurities", "I. Converting one diastereomer into another", "J. Performing a recrystallization for yield improvement"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63705.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_916", "question": "What is the atom economy of the lab-scale synthesis of ACT051-2, considering only the primary reactants shown at 00:35?", "options": ["A. 89.6 %", "B. 88.5 %", "C. 72.88 %", "D. 86.18 %", "E. 69.82 %", "F. 97.61 %", "G. 110.45 %", "H. 110.56 %", "I. 67.17 %", "J. 68.39 %"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64514.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_601", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 02:59 and 03:09 fails?", "options": ["A. Initial breakdown of lignin with 72% sulfuric acid is incomplete", "B. Acid-insoluble lignin is not separated properly from soluble sugars by centrifugation", "C. Lignin components are not oxidized under heat", "D. Sample fibers are not physically disrupted by pressure", "E. Volatile organic compounds are not removed through heating", "F. Secondary high-temperature acid hydrolysis does not occur properly", "G. Primary acid hydrolysis using concentrated sulfuric acid is ineffective", "H. Sample is not sterilized, allowing microbial growth", "I. Acid is not neutralized prior to lignin quantification", "J. Excess water remains before lignin measurement"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61997.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_218", "question": "What quantum mechanical principle is the analytical technique at 09:12 based on?", "options": ["A. Quantum confinement effect", "B. Exciton recombination process", "C. Electron tunneling effect", "D. Surface plasmon resonance", "E. Energy transfer mechanism", "F. Quantum entanglement principle", "G. Photoelectric effect", "H. Bandgap narrowing", "I. Phonon scattering impact", "J. Charge carrier mobility"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54154.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_800", "question": "If the initial stock solution was used to prepare only the 50% dilution and the two set-aside vials, what volume of the stock solution would be left over?", "options": ["A. 19.66 mL", "B. 18.3 mL", "C. 17.5 mL", "D. 17.73 mL", "E. 17.4 mL", "F. 13.91 mL", "G. 17.74 mL", "H. 18.22 mL", "I. 16.96 mL", "J. 15.81 mL"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54178.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_673", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 00:54 is skipped?", "options": ["A. Sample oxidation is accelerated", "B. Pigments are not completely extracted", "C. Pesticide degradation products form", "D. Excessive water remains in the sample", "E. Sensitivity is reduced due to insufficient lipid removal", "F. Analyte concentration is not concentrated and remains diluted", "G. Organic acids are not sufficiently removed", "H. Target pesticide residues are lost", "I. Volatile compounds evaporate excessively", "J. Matrix effects occur and GC-MS/MS contamination happens"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66082.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_85", "question": "What is the main purpose of the heat treatment step shown between 02:45 and 03:00?", "options": ["A. Deposit a protective oxide layer on the surface", "B. Induce oxidation to increase surface roughness", "C. Cause grain refinement to strengthen the material", "D. Promote crystallization of an amorphous phase", "E. Activate catalytic sites by surface etching", "F. Homogenize alloy composition by diffusion", "G. Coarsen nanoporous structure and form larger pores", "H. Enhance electrical conductivity by densification", "I. Remove residual solvent from the sample", "J. Remove adsorbed gases through vacuum annealing"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65065.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_441", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown at 07:35 fails to control the key parameter?", "options": ["A. Substrate rotation speed is unstable", "B. Nozzle-to-substrate distance is inconsistent", "C. Spray solution concentration varies", "D. Carrier gas pressure drops or varies", "E. Ambient humidity level fluctuates", "F. Spray nozzle temperature is not maintained", "G. Spray droplet size is irregular", "H. Substrate surface roughness is uncontrolled", "I. Operator hand speed is uneven", "J. Spray nozzle angle is incorrect"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54154.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_894", "question": "Based on the time parameters for all heating and curing steps shown in the video, calculate the total duration a single device is subjected to temperatures above room temperature during its fabrication, from the initial PMMA spin-coating to the final hard-bake of the passivation layer. Provide the answer in minutes.", "options": ["A. 125.28 minutes", "B. 137.75 minutes", "C. 128.52 minutes", "D. 155.05 minutes", "E. 133.44 minutes", "F. 169.62 minutes", "G. 113.67 minutes", "H. 147.0 minutes", "I. 141.5 minutes", "J. 128.34 minutes"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63393.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_229", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operation shown between 01:31 and 01:40?", "options": ["A. Dilute the reactants to slow down the reaction", "B. Introduce a catalyst to lower activation energy", "C. Initiate nucleation by rapid temperature drop", "D. Stabilize the formed nanoparticles by cooling", "E. Cool down the reaction mixture to prevent decomposition", "F. Create a vacuum to increase reaction speed", "G. Increase kinetic energy to accelerate reaction rate", "H. Remove excess solvent through evaporation", "I. Separate the silver nanoparticles from the solution", "J. Apply pressure to shift the equilibrium toward products"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53507.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_89", "question": "What critical role does the apparatus shown at 05:31 serve in the experiment?", "options": ["A. Controls temperature for EDOT polymerization kinetics", "B. Increases vapor pressure of EDOT for sublimation", "C. Facilitates solvent evaporation from the solution", "D. Keeps chamber at room temperature for stability", "E. Prevents condensation of polymer on chamber walls", "F. Accelerates annealing of polymer film", "G. Maintains vacuum integrity by outgassing impurities", "H. Destroys unwanted moisture inside the chamber", "I. Enhances diffusion rate of oxidant into PAN", "J. Prevents thermal degradation of PAN coupons"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67825.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_672", "question": "What could happen if the triphenyl phosphate solution described at 01:10-01:24 fails?", "options": ["A. Injection internal standard is not present", "B. Instrument is not properly rinsed", "C. pH is not correctly adjusted", "D. Extraction solvent is less effective", "E. Procedural internal standard is missing", "F. Sample is not properly preserved", "G. Detector sensitivity is not properly modulated", "H. Calibration curve reference is inaccurate", "I. Carrier gas lacks the additive", "J. Solvent volume is not properly marked"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66082.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_264", "question": "What fundamental principle is demonstrated by the characterization method at 03:39, and how does the result confirm the success of the modification?", "options": ["A. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis detecting elemental composition change", "B. Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) confirming preserved crystalline framework", "C. UV-Vis Spectroscopy demonstrating preserved electronic transitions", "D. Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) indicating new functional groups", "E. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy proving complete ligand exchange", "F. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis indicating unchanged porosity", "G. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealing intact crystal lattice", "H. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showing unchanged surface morphology", "I. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) verifying thermal stability retention", "J. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) confirming particle size uniformity"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65619.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_914", "question": "Considering the pilot scale-up synthesis of ACT051-3, if the reaction proceeded to completion, what mass of the tert-butyl carbamate reagent would remain unreacted, in grams?", "options": ["A. 231 g", "B. 217 g", "C. 278 g", "D. 243 g", "E. 320 g", "F. 250 g", "G. 222 g", "H. 195 g", "I. 314 g", "J. 270 g"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64514.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_919", "question": "In the benchtop synthesis of bora-ibuprofen shown, what is the mass of the bis(pinacolato)diboron reagent that remains unreacted at the end of the reaction, assuming complete consumption of the limiting reagent?", "options": ["A. 1.71 g", "B. 1.52 g", "C. 2.32 g", "D. 0.14 g", "E. 0.08 g", "F. 0.96 g", "G. 4.35 g", "H. 0.36 g", "I. 0.32 g", "J. 2.36 g"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64571.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_226", "question": "What is the main purpose of the cantilever approach and contact measurement shown at 6:40-6:58?", "options": ["A. Measure inverse optical lever sensitivity", "B. Determine cantilever spring constant", "C. Calibrate piezo scanner travel distance", "D. Test AFM tip sharpness", "E. Estimate cantilever bending modulus", "F. Check cantilever resonance frequency", "G. Determine adhesive forces between tip and surface", "H. Evaluate photodiode voltage linearity", "I. Measure sample surface roughness", "J. Measure thermal noise of cantilever"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52456.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_215", "question": "What experimental artifact is reduced by the pump and purge cycles shown from 07:11 to 07:29?", "options": ["A. Measurement errors from optical misalignment", "B. Fluctuations in temperature readings", "C. Residual reactive gases from previous experiments", "D. Accumulation of solid reaction byproducts", "E. Contamination by residual atmospheric gases", "F. Signal noise from electrical equipment", "G. Pressure instability due to leaks", "H. Interference from pump vibrations", "I. Condensation of water inside the chamber", "J. Dissolved gases in the liquid sample"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62174.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_415", "question": "What could happen if there is a significant delay before transferring cantilevers from the plasma chamber to the APTES solution?", "options": ["A. Unintended polymerization of APTES occurs on the surface", "B. Cantilever structural integrity is lost from prolonged exposure", "C. Functionalization fails due to contamination", "D. Surface hydroxyl groups are reduced resulting in weak bonding", "E. An oxide layer forms preventing APTES attachment", "F. Hydroxyl groups are displaced by nitrogen adsorption", "G. Excess moisture causes delamination of functional layer", "H. Surface dries leading to poor adhesion of APTES", "I. Oxidation increases causing surface degradation", "J. Functionalization is not enhanced due to lack of ambient exposure"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52456.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_426", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 01:31 and 01:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Activation energy stays high and reaction is slow", "B. Reactants remain concentrated causing the reaction to proceed too quickly", "C. Silver nanoparticles remain mixed in the solution", "D. Nucleation does not initiate due to lack of rapid temperature drop", "E. Reaction speed decreases because vacuum is not created", "F. Excess solvent is not removed and remains in the mixture", "G. Reaction mixture overheats and decomposes", "H. Pressure is insufficient and equilibrium does not shift toward products", "I. Nanoparticles are unstable due to lack of cooling", "J. Kinetic energy remains low and reaction rate is slow"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53507.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_98", "question": "What fabrication defect is warned against during the step from 1:25 to 1:44?", "options": ["A. Overheating of the rubber roller", "B. Excessive expansion of the AAO pores", "C. Scratching of the AAO surface during pressing", "D. Formation of air bubbles between layers", "E. Chemical degradation of the PUA resin", "F. Incomplete curing of the PUA resin", "G. Fracturing of the AAO template", "H. Misalignment of the AAO filter on the substrate", "I. Contamination of the AAO template with dust", "J. Uneven spreading of the PUA resin"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58356.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_295", "question": "What fundamental principle explains the color change and increased afterglow brightness as the precursor solution pH changes (observations at 2:44 and 4:48)?", "options": ["A. pH-dependent defect formation creating additional radiative traps", "B. pH altering the concentration of free Mn²⁺ ions rather than crystal structure", "C. pH-dependent nanocrystal growth kinetics affecting Mn²⁺ crystal field", "D. temperature variation during synthesis changing Mn²⁺ valence state", "E. variation in precursor volume affecting particle size independently of pH", "F. oxidation of Mn²⁺ to Mn³⁺ under alkaline conditions changing emission", "G. pH-induced aggregation of Mn²⁺ ions forming luminescent clusters", "H. light exposure causing photoactivation of Mn²⁺ centers", "I. change in solvent polarity modifying Mn²⁺ orbital overlap", "J. surface adsorption effects changing Mn²⁺ emission properties"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65956.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_763", "question": "For the deposition of the titanium dioxide film onto the FTO/glass substrate via spin coating, what is the total number of rotations the substrate completes during the entire process described?", "options": ["A. 2265 rotations", "B. 2447 rotations", "C. 1898 rotations", "D. 2053 rotations", "E. 2070 rotations", "F. 1885 rotations", "G. 1657 rotations", "H. 2183 rotations", "I. 2060 rotations", "J. 1862 rotations"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_4296.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_780", "question": "What is the total time, in minutes, that the components for a single device are sintered at a temperature of 500°C throughout the entire fabrication process described?", "options": ["A. 80", "B. 84", "C. 99", "D. 95", "E. 85", "F. 93", "G. 98", "H. 92", "I. 76", "J. 90"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Chemistry", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52028.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_388", "question": "What could happen if the arterial clips on the DGA and PA are not applied during the procedure shown between 02:00 and 03:22?", "options": ["A. Injected cells are taken up less by target vessels", "B. Blood flow to the limb does not stop completely", "C. Cells flow back into the main femoral artery", "D. Pressure decreases preventing vessel rupture", "E. Cells distribute beyond the clipped vessels", "F. Injection accidentally enters venous circulation", "G. Injected cancer cells disseminate uncontrollably", "H. Circulation is delayed due to incomplete vessel occlusion", "I. No immediate clot forms at the injection site", "J. Cells accumulate beyond just the SEA"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_4178.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_695", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 03:15 fails?", "options": ["A. Supernatant does not gain a yellowish hue", "B. Supernatant fails to become bright red", "C. Pellet does not appear uniformly dark red", "D. Supernatant volume does not noticeably decrease", "E. Pellet settles slowly in the tube", "F. Pellet retains visible red color", "G. Pellet lacks a distinct green tint", "H. Supernatant remains clear instead of turning cloudy white", "I. Pellet does not increase in size", "J. Pellet does not develop a frothy surface layer"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66766.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_208", "question": "What is the function of the cartridge installed at position M2V4 in the synthesizer schematic?", "options": ["A. Purifies crude radiolabeled product", "B. Filters out solid impurities before reaction", "C. Stores intermediate reaction mixture temporarily", "D. Neutralizes acidic reaction mixture", "E. Measures radioactivity levels post-synthesis", "F. Traps hydrophilic impurities during purification", "G. Removes unreacted 68Ga from reactor vial", "H. Mixes precursor with reaction buffer", "I. Collects final eluted radiotracer solution", "J. Regulates flow rate of reagents through manifold"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66708.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_488", "question": "What could happen if the hardware chain connected to the broadband hydrophone shown between 04:31 and 04:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Cavitation signals are not filtered, causing interference in fundamental frequency detection", "B. Low-frequency signals generated by the HIFU transducer are not amplified", "C. Environmental vibration noise is not reduced before amplification", "D. Broad frequency signals are not converted to digital output directly", "E. Acoustic signals are not converted into electrical signals, preventing data storage", "F. Signals above 5 MHz are not suppressed, causing aliasing", "G. Inertial cavitation signals are not isolated or amplified", "H. Signals corresponding to stable cavitation are not isolated", "I. Signal phase is not balanced, increasing harmonic distortion", "J. The 3.3 MHz carrier signal is not demodulated to baseband"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58045.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_318", "question": "What biophysical principle underlies the experimental setup demonstrated from 02:19 to 02:51 to achieve tissue conformation?", "options": ["A. Hydrostatic pressure", "B. Mechanical tension", "C. Electrostatic force", "D. Thermal expansion", "E. Capillary action", "F. Buoyancy force", "G. Magnetic attraction", "H. Osmotic pressure", "I. Viscous drag", "J. Surface tension"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62581.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_189", "question": "What primary acoustic phenomenon necessitates adjusting focal depth to compensate for overlying tissue as shown at 05:49?", "options": ["A. Speed of sound decrease in tissue", "B. Diffraction of ultrasound beam", "C. Acoustic absorption by tissue", "D. Acoustic reflection at tissue boundaries", "E. Thermal expansion affecting tissue density", "F. Refraction caused by tissue heterogeneity", "G. Scattering of ultrasound waves", "H. Acoustic refraction", "I. Frequency-dependent attenuation", "J. Acoustic impedance mismatch"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59148.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_83", "question": "What is the purpose of the magnetic separation step shown at 4:51?", "options": ["A. To activate T-cells by adding cytokine-coated beads", "B. To induce differentiation into effector T-cells", "C. To concentrate the T-cells for counting", "D. To halt T-cell activation and avoid exhaustion", "E. To separate dead cells from live T-cells", "F. To remove bacteria contaminants from the sample", "G. To isolate only the CD8+ T-cell subset", "H. To wash away excess antibodies from the culture", "I. To select T-cells that do not express CD3 receptors", "J. To label T-cells for tracking in later stages"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65887.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_299", "question": "What is the purpose of the procedure between 02:22 and 02:30, and what negative effect could incorrect performance have on automated analysis?", "options": ["A. Calibrating imaging equipment; reduced image resolution", "B. Aligning mouse posture; inconsistent organ orientation", "C. Fixing mouse position; motion artifact increase", "D. Marking tumor size limits; incorrect volume calculation", "E. Establishing anatomical landmarks; misregistration of organs", "F. Highlighting tumor boundaries; false positive detection", "G. Standardizing tumor implantation site; inaccurate segmentation", "H. Measuring tumor growth rate; delayed data processing", "I. Labeling injection time; temporal analysis errors", "J. Defining tumor shape; flawed shape recognition"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67370.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_738", "question": "What could happen if the procedure between 02:22 and 02:30 fails?", "options": ["A. Mouse position is not fixed, increasing motion artifacts", "B. Mouse posture is not aligned, causing inconsistent organ orientation", "C. Tumor growth rate is not measured, causing delayed data processing", "D. Imaging equipment is not calibrated, leading to reduced image resolution", "E. Tumor boundaries are not highlighted, resulting in false positive detection", "F. Tumor shape is not defined, causing flawed shape recognition", "G. Tumor implantation site is not standardized, leading to inaccurate segmentation", "H. Anatomical landmarks are not established, leading to misregistration of organs", "I. Tumor size limits are not marked, causing incorrect volume calculation", "J. Injection time is not labeled, resulting in temporal analysis errors"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67370.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_792", "question": "Calculate the molar ratio of the chemical initiator (iron chloride) to the monomer in the nanoparticle synthesis step, assuming the monomer is M1.", "options": ["A. 2.08 :", "B. 0.11 :", "C. 2.22 :", "D. 0.68 :", "E. 2.86 :", "F. 1.84 :", "G. 0.85 :", "H. 1.58 :", "I. 0.94 :", "J. 1.08 :"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53631.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_948", "question": "An experimenter starts with a quantity of minced melanoma tissue. After digestion and resuspension, the total cell suspension volume is equal to the volume of organoid culture medium used to seed a single well in the Matrigel method. If this entire suspension is used to seed wells via the Matrigel method, and the experimenter's goal was to seed one full collagen gel membrane insert, what is the ratio of the required number of cells to the number of cells they actually have? The answer should be a single numeric value.", "options": ["A. 12", "B. 9", "C. 8", "D. 6", "E. 5", "F. 7", "G. 3", "H. 10", "I. 11", "J. 4"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66509.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_136", "question": "Based on particle characteristics and the disease model, what mechanism likely facilitates nanoplatform transport across the blood-brain barrier (0:25)?", "options": ["A. Transport via cerebrospinal fluid bulk flow", "B. Transport via carrier proteins specific to nanoparticles", "C. Passive diffusion through intact endothelial cells", "D. Endocytosis induced by nanoparticle surface charge", "E. Paracellular transport through tight junction opening", "F. Active receptor-mediated transcytosis", "G. Nanoparticle aggregation causing temporary barrier disruption", "H. Phagocytosis by microglia facilitating BBB crossing", "I. Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect", "J. Diffusion through astrocyte-mediated channels"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66986.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_209", "question": "What negative impact on final product quality would result from omitting the step shown at 08:35–08:55 involving Syringe D?", "options": ["A. Decreased tracer uptake due to dilution error", "B. Reduced stability due to radiolysis", "C. Increased sterility risk from unfiltered solution", "D. Enhanced bacterial contamination from open vial exposure", "E. Altered osmolarity leading to patient discomfort", "F. Loss of radioactivity from improper shielding", "G. Lower radiochemical purity from incomplete labeling", "H. Reduced specific activity from excess carrier", "I. Elevated pH causing precipitation", "J. Increased viscosity impairing injection"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66708.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_178", "question": "What is the purpose of creating Gate C in the gating strategy at 04:02?", "options": ["A. To gate cells with high granularity", "B. To gate cells expressing the marker of interest", "C. To separate lymphocytes from monocytes", "D. To select cells with high PI fluorescence", "E. To exclude debris particles", "F. To select dead cells", "G. To isolate cells based on cell size", "H. To identify doublet cells", "I. To differentiate between early and late apoptotic cells", "J. To isolate live cells"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67012.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_242", "question": "What principle explains maintaining cells at 4°C during antibody incubation (05:45) but at room temperature during cisplatin incubation (05:01)?", "options": ["A. Preventing antibody degradation at low temperatures", "B. Using low temperature to activate cisplatin uptake channels", "C. Maximizing membrane permeability during antibody incubation", "D. Facilitating active transport of cisplatin at room temperature", "E. Preventing passive diffusion of dyes by cooling", "F. Increasing antibody binding affinity at 4°C", "G. Promoting enzyme activity during antibody staining at 4°C", "H. Temperature-dependent membrane dynamics and enzyme activity", "I. Enhancing cisplatin toxicity by warming cells", "J. Reducing nonspecific antibody binding by cooling"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59617.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_75", "question": "What is the role of the reagent added at 2:02, and why is this step critical for the outcome observed at 2:02?", "options": ["A. Neutralizes RNA polymerase activity", "B. Removes residual nucleotides from the mixture", "C. Enhances the transcription efficiency", "D. Inhibits the activity of ligase enzymes", "E. Binds to mRNA to prevent degradation", "F. Degrades plasmid DNA template", "G. Promotes proper folding of synthesized mRNA", "H. Degrades contaminating RNA molecules", "I. Precipitates proteins from the solution", "J. Buffers the reaction toward optimal pH"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67548.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_138", "question": "If tissue sections detach during washing (03:10-03:34), which prior preparation step might have been inadequate?", "options": ["A. Excessive permeabilization", "B. Inadequate blocking solution", "C. Insufficient slide coating", "D. Incorrect antibody dilution", "E. Improper antibody incubation time", "F. Low temperature during fixation", "G. Inaccurate pipetting volume", "H. Poor dehydration of tissue", "I. Overheating during washing", "J. Tissue fixation"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53928.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_754", "question": "What could happen if the reagent added at 2:02 is not correctly applied?", "options": ["A. Ligase enzymes remain active", "B. Synthesized mRNA does not fold properly", "C. Residual nucleotides remain in the mixture", "D. mRNA is not protected from degradation", "E. Transcription efficiency is reduced", "F. Contaminating RNA molecules are not degraded", "G. RNA polymerase activity is not neutralized", "H. Plasmid DNA template is not degraded", "I. Reaction pH is not properly buffered", "J. Proteins remain in solution"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67548.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_833", "question": "If an experimenter starts with a single culture flask at the specified confluency and follows the entire subculturing and dilution protocol exactly as described, what is the maximum number of individual wells that can be seeded for the experiment?", "options": ["A. 12 wells", "B. 14 wells", "C. 9 wells", "D. 11 wells", "E. 5 wells", "F. 6 wells", "G. 8 wells", "H. 10 wells", "I. 7 wells", "J. 13 wells"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58663.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_191", "question": "Why is the swine muscle sample introduced at 05:40?", "options": ["A. To test the system's response to muscle contraction", "B. To measure ultrasound reflection from tissue boundaries", "C. To provide a control sample without biological tissue", "D. To replicate skin absorption properties", "E. To simulate acoustic path effects", "F. To enhance the ultrasound signal strength", "G. To absorb excess ultrasound energy", "H. To create a uniform medium for beam calibration", "I. To imitate the blood flow in human tissues", "J. To increase the temperature for better imaging"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59148.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_118", "question": "What is the primary purpose of applying the solution to the artery between 02:25 and 02:37?", "options": ["A. Apply local anesthesia to numb surrounding tissue", "B. Deliver dye to trace blood flow downstream", "C. Stimulate nerve endings to reduce pain", "D. Induce clotting to seal vessel walls", "E. Relax smooth muscle to facilitate needle insertion", "F. Clean the artery surface to prevent infection", "G. Mark the artery location for needle guidance", "H. Constrict the artery to prevent bleeding", "I. Enhance tissue fluorescence for visualization", "J. Increase blood pressure to make artery prominent"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_4178.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_419", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown at 03:16-03:18 fails?", "options": ["A. pH becomes unstable", "B. Condensation forms on the culture surface", "C. Media evaporates", "D. Outer wells evaporate", "E. Nutrients are depleted quickly", "F. Microbial growth is not prevented", "G. Temperature is not regulated properly", "H. Contamination occurs", "I. Gas exchange is impaired", "J. Cross-contamination between wells increases"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52801.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_685", "question": "What could happen if the step shown at 01:20-01:31 fails?", "options": ["A. pH is not fully neutralized", "B. Cell viability decreases", "C. Cells aggregate before gelation", "D. Gel crosslinking is excessive", "E. Collagen concentration is too low", "F. Collagen solution evaporates", "G. Polymerization starts late", "H. Collagen gels prematurely", "I. Cell toxicity increases", "J. Contamination occurs from environmental exposure"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66604.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_74", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the procedure shown at 3:25-3:34?", "options": ["A. Incubate T-cells at 37°C for recovery", "B. Pellet T-cells by centrifugation", "C. Neutralize magnetic beads with buffer", "D. Separate activated T-cells from magnetic beads", "E. Add electroporation buffer to T-cells", "F. Count T-cells using a hemocytometer", "G. Lyse red blood cells contaminating the sample", "H. Label T-cells with fluorescent antibodies", "I. Activate T-cells using CD3/CD28 beads", "J. Wash T-cells to remove residual culture medium"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_67548.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_212", "question": "What visual cue indicates completion of the operation shown at 03:15?", "options": ["A. Supernatant becomes bright red", "B. Supernatant volume noticeably decreases", "C. Pellet has a distinct green tint", "D. Pellet settles faster in tube", "E. Pellet lacks visible red color", "F. Pellet appears uniformly dark red", "G. Supernatant turns cloudy white", "H. Supernatant gains a yellowish hue", "I. Pellet increases in size", "J. Pellet shows a frothy surface layer"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66766.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_190", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operation shown between 01:21 and 01:38?", "options": ["A. Apply a moisture barrier to reduce drying", "B. Cool the tissue to prevent thermal degradation", "C. Compact the tissue for uniform thickness", "D. Enhance nutrient absorption in the muscle", "E. Remove air bubbles trapped in the tissue", "F. Increase blood flow for better ultrasound penetration", "G. Freeze the tissue to preserve structural integrity", "H. Evaporate moisture to standardize acoustic properties", "I. Sterilize the tissue surface before testing", "J. Stimulate muscle fibers for mechanical testing"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59148.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_489", "question": "What could happen if the component shown at 03:01 at one end of the water tank fails?", "options": ["A. Acoustic waves are not properly reflected", "B. Water temperature is not detected accurately", "C. Pressure builds up without relief", "D. Water does not circulate properly", "E. Ultrasound waves are not generated", "F. Ultrasound is not emitted", "G. Temperature is not regulated", "H. Echoes are not detected", "I. Acoustic noise is not absorbed", "J. Acoustic signals are not amplified"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58045.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_380", "question": "What could happen if the step shown at 02:23 fails?", "options": ["A. Air bubbles form on the surface", "B. Laser calibration is incorrect", "C. Fluorescence staining is uneven", "D. External microbes contaminate the sample", "E. Biofilm loses hydration", "F. Acrylic resin is not completely removed", "G. Bacterial metabolism is disrupted", "H. Biofilm samples are too thick", "I. Biofilm thickness increases undesirably", "J. Biofilm structure remains damaged"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_2967.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_560", "question": "What could happen if the foot switch in the procedure shown at 3:19 fails?", "options": ["A. Probe tip lighting cannot be controlled", "B. Data logging system cannot be reset", "C. Data recording timing is not controlled properly", "D. Device calibration does not start", "E. Emergency stop of the device is not triggered", "F. Sample data export is not initiated", "G. Measurement modes cannot be switched", "H. Mechanical probe does not move when needed", "I. Speed of probe retraction cannot be adjusted", "J. Force resistance sensitivity cannot be adjusted"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60722.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_137", "question": "What adverse outcome is likely if the operation shown at 5:58 is omitted during the procedure?", "options": ["A. Hypothermia", "B. Hypoglycemia", "C. Seizure activity", "D. Respiratory depression", "E. Hyperthermia", "F. Dehydration", "G. Muscle rigidity", "H. Increased metabolic rate", "I. Increased heart rate", "J. Pulmonary edema"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66986.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_794", "question": "What is the weight percent (w/w%) of the co-surfactant DBSA relative to the monomer in the organic phase prepared for nanoparticle synthesis?", "options": ["A. 1619 %", "B. 2177 %", "C. 2178 %", "D. 1853 %", "E. 1585 %", "F. 1886 %", "G. 1715 %", "H. 1865 %", "I. 2242 %", "J. 1875 %"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53631.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_955", "question": "A researcher adapts the protocol. For the T-cell priming step, they use a number of naive T-cells that is ten times the number of dendritic cells (DCs). To prepare the antigen-loaded DCs for this, they use a number of irradiated cancer cells that is equal to the number of naive T-cells. What was the effective ratio of DCs to irradiated cancer cells used in this modified first step?", "options": ["A. 0.35", "B. 0.75", "C. 4.72", "D. 2.29", "E. 2.7", "F. 0.41", "G. 0.1", "H. 2.14", "I. 0.04", "J. 4.09"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66729.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_708", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 5:58 is not performed correctly during the procedure?", "options": ["A. Respiratory depression happens", "B. Seizure activity occurs", "C. Hypothermia occurs", "D. Pulmonary edema forms", "E. Metabolic rate increases", "F. Heart rate increases", "G. Dehydration sets in", "H. Hypoglycemia results", "I. Hyperthermia develops", "J. Muscle rigidity appears"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66986.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_272", "question": "What is the main risk of omitting the step shown at 01:20-01:31?", "options": ["A. Contamination from environmental exposure", "B. Excessive gel crosslinking", "C. Reduced collagen concentration", "D. Aggregation of cells before gelation", "E. Increased cell toxicity", "F. Premature collagen gelation", "G. Incomplete neutralization of pH", "H. Delayed polymerization onset", "I. Loss of cell viability", "J. Evaporation of collagen solution"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_66604.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_228", "question": "What is the critical scientific reason for including the experimental group shown between 03:40 and 03:50?", "options": ["A. Control for helium gas effects without plasma", "B. Control for plasma reactive species effects", "C. Control for temperature changes caused by plasma", "D. Control for electrical field effects without plasma", "E. Control for high-voltage interference with cells", "F. Control for light emission effects from plasma", "G. Control for mechanical stress from gas flow alone", "H. Control for exposure time differences in treatment", "I. Control for nitrogen species generated in plasma", "J. Control for oxygen concentration variations in air"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Medicine", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58663.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_910", "question": "A researcher prepares two batches. Batch A follows the standard protocol for pellets, re-milling the material the specified number of times with the finer sieve. Batch B also starts with the standard mass of pellets but skips the re-milling steps. If the yield of particles smaller than the coarser sieve is 80% for both batches, but the re-milling in Batch A successfully converts half of that mass into the desired microplastic fraction, while in Batch B only one-eighth of that mass falls into the desired fraction, what is the mass difference (in g) of the desired microplastic fraction between the two batches?", "options": ["A. 0.52 g", "B. 0.18 g", "C. 1.7 g", "D. 1.29 g", "E. 0.3 g", "F. 1.09 g", "G. 0.85 g", "H. 0.57 g", "I. 0.59 g", "J. 2.48 g"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64112.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_436", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown between 03:46 and 05:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Silicon lacks a protective oxide layer", "B. Surface charges are not activated, reducing wetting properties", "C. Components are not hermetically sealed", "D. Adhesive layer is not applied for temporary bonding", "E. Metals retain internal stresses due to failed annealing", "F. Microchannels in glass are not properly etched", "G. Metal adhesion is poor due to insufficient heating", "H. Surface remains unclean, impairing photolithography patterning", "I. Temperature sensors inside the chamber are not calibrated", "J. Thin metal layer is not generated via sputtering"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53861.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_538", "question": "What could happen if reducing the working pressure from 20 mTorr to 15 mTorr during the second Mo sputtering step fails?", "options": ["A. Working pressure remains too low causing less dense film", "B. Mo film is deposited too thickly", "C. Substrate temperature increases causing thermal damage", "D. Gas-phase collisions increase leading to contamination", "E. Oxygen incorporation is hindered leading to poor film passivation", "F. Sputtering uniformity across the substrate is poor", "G. Atom mobility is reduced resulting in smaller grain growth", "H. Mo bilayer has poor adhesion and conductivity", "I. Mo film stress is not adjusted causing poor flexibility", "J. Film has low porosity and poor light absorption"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59909.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_37", "question": "What is the critical function of the vacuum filtration step at 01:42?", "options": ["A. Mixing nanofibrillated cellulose uniformly", "B. Drying the nanopaper completely", "C. Changing the chemical composition of the gel", "D. Removing impurities from the cellulose suspension", "E. Cooling the cellulose suspension rapidly", "F. Heating the substrate to activate embossing", "G. Forming a flat nanopaper gel substrate", "H. Creating air bubbles inside the gel", "I. Adding crosslinker to strengthen the gel", "J. Separating cellulose fibers by size"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65965.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_26", "question": "What explains the difference in biodegradability between the final product shown at 06:50-07:14 and natural wood?", "options": ["A. Chemical cross-linking of lignin", "B. Addition of synthetic enzymes", "C. Heat treatment to break down cellulose", "D. Use of genetic modification to enhance microbes", "E. Mechanical shredding to increase surface area", "F. Removal of lignin", "G. Coating with biodegradable polymers", "H. Increased cellulose crystallinity", "I. Removal of water content before testing", "J. Reduction of hemicellulose content"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60327.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_524", "question": "What could happen if the step shown between 02:18 and 02:48 is not performed correctly?", "options": ["A. SU-8 resin is exposed to too much UV light", "B. SU-8 resin remains uncured", "C. SU-8 layer is too thin", "D. Solvent remains trapped inside the SU-8 mesh", "E. SU-8 structure deforms during baking", "F. SU-8 mesh does not fully release from the substrate", "G. Substrate surface becomes contaminated", "H. SU-8 mesh cracks after development", "I. SU-8 layers bond unintentionally", "J. SU-8 does not adhere properly to the substrate"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59067.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_598", "question": "What could happen if the thickness of the first layer is not greater than subsequent layers as shown at 02:00?", "options": ["A. Initial coating takes longer to cure", "B. Base layer shows reduced electrical conductivity", "C. Materials from different layers intermingle", "D. Optical transparency is insufficient for inspection", "E. Surface roughness increases, causing poor adhesion", "F. The first layer has lower chemical resistance", "G. Thermal instability occurs during processing", "H. Alignment markers lack sufficient vertical relief", "I. First layer absorbs too much UV light", "J. Subsequent layers have weaker mechanical support"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61877.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_596", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 01:54-02:00 involving the SMPS inlet fails?", "options": ["A. The SMPS battery status goes unchecked", "B. The SMPS is not properly cleaned", "C. The SMPS is exposed to physical damage", "D. Particle concentration is too low for accurate measurement", "E. Gases are not filtered out before particle measurement", "F. Electrical noise interferes with the SMPS", "G. The SMPS flow rate is not correctly calibrated", "H. SMPS inlet air is not cooled", "I. Particles emitted by the 3D pen are not captured", "J. Moisture enters the SMPS"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61829.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_267", "question": "Why is the extruder screw twisted periodically during the filament drawing process (03:36-04:00) instead of continuous extrusion?", "options": ["A. To control cooling rate of the extruded filament", "B. To allow air bubbles to escape before extrusion", "C. To prevent overheating of the extruder motor", "D. To minimize contamination by pausing extrusion periodically", "E. To synchronize with the rotation speed of the drawing spool", "F. To prevent continuous extrusion from causing filament breakage", "G. To reduce shear stress on the PDMS inside the barrel", "H. To adjust filament diameter by changing screw rotation speed", "I. To allow the PDMS to partially cure before extrusion", "J. To control extrusion flow rate precisely"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58826.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_518", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown from 2:32 to 2:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Thermal oxide layer does not grow on silicon", "B. Dopants are not activated due to wafer not being annealed", "C. Trench structures are not etched into the silicon substrate", "D. Organic contaminants remain on the wafer", "E. Germanium layer is not deposited on silicon", "F. Hardened photoresist is not removed after exposure", "G. Photoresist is not patterned for lithography", "H. Native silicon oxide remains on exposed Si regions", "I. Silicon nitride layer is not deposited on the wafer surface", "J. Silicon regions are not doped with phosphorus atoms"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58897.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_628", "question": "What could happen if the equipment used at 03:09 fails?", "options": ["A. Solids and liquids are not separated properly", "B. Vapors are not condensed back into liquid", "C. Chemical reaction is not initiated due to missing reagents", "D. Slurry particles are unevenly distributed", "E. Phases are not separated in the mixture", "F. Liquid volume in the flask is not accurately measured", "G. pH of the slurry remains unneutralized before filtration", "H. Solids do not dry properly", "I. Water does not evaporate from the mixture", "J. Sample becomes contaminated"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64112.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_882", "question": "During the time-resolved measurement of PLA-black aerosol decay shown in the graph, what is the approximate final GMD in nanometers after all measurement runs are completed?", "options": ["A. 108 nm", "B. 109 nm", "C. 117 nm", "D. 95 nm", "E. 121 nm", "F. 96 nm", "G. 85 nm", "H. 110 nm", "I. 103 nm", "J. 124 nm"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61829.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_192", "question": "What is the primary consequence of skipping the immersion step shown at 5:12–5:22?", "options": ["A. Irregular etching mask due to resist swelling", "B. Reduced electron beam exposure contrast", "C. No patterned resist template formation", "D. Cracking of the resist layer during exposure", "E. Excessive resist thickness after baking", "F. Substrate surface contamination", "G. Overdeveloped resist causing pattern collapse", "H. Delayed solvent evaporation during drying", "I. Incomplete chromium deposition", "J. Uneven resist coating on the substrate"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59066.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_865", "question": "According to the results shown, what is the estimated magnitude of the local temperature drop caused by the presence of a contacting thermocouple on the solar cell's surface?", "options": ["A. 9 °C", "B. 11 °C", "C. 5 °C", "D. 8 °C", "E. 7 °C", "F. 12 °C", "G. 14 °C", "H. 13 °C", "I. 6 °C", "J. 10 °C"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60963.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_449", "question": "What could happen if the critical alignment performed using the equipment between 04:23 and 04:42 fails?", "options": ["A. Gold block surface is not parallel to incident laser beam", "B. Beam polarization is misaligned with plasmonic nanohole axis", "C. Trapping laser is out of focus through the microscope condenser lens", "D. Optical fiber input is not aligned with fiber collimator", "E. Laser modulation frequency is not set for enhanced particle trapping", "F. Optical fiber guide hole is misaligned with plasmonic nanohole", "G. Laser wavelength is not calibrated for plasmon resonance", "H. Trap laser intensity is not adjusted causing particle instability", "I. Numerical aperture of fiber optic does not match detector sensitivity", "J. Sample stage is not centered under microscope objective"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55258.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_860", "question": "For the composite that exhibited the maximum breakdown strength, what is the mass of the coupling agent, in milligrams, that was used to treat the specified mass of nanoparticles in a single batch?", "options": ["A. 23 mg", "B. 22 mg", "C. 26 mg", "D. 20 mg", "E. 13 mg", "F. 21 mg", "G. 25 mg", "H. 17 mg", "I. 18 mg", "J. 19 mg"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60916.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_423", "question": "What could happen if the vacuum chamber procedure during the step at 05:27 to 05:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Stamp is misaligned due to lack of vacuum hold", "B. Substrate remains warm and polymer pattern is not fixed", "C. Silver nanodisks become oxidized", "D. Air bubbles remain trapped under the stamp", "E. Surface is not sterilized before stamping", "F. Solvent evaporation is hindered due to lack of airflow", "G. Temperature is too low and curing is slow", "H. Surface tension remains high and stamp removal is difficult", "I. Mechanical pressure is insufficient and the stamp does not deform properly", "J. Adhesion is reduced due to interstitial solvent remaining"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53276.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_279", "question": "What is the key function of the vacuum chamber during the step at 05:27 to 05:40?", "options": ["A. Reduce surface tension for easier stamp removal", "B. Remove air bubbles trapped under the stamp", "C. Apply mechanical pressure to deform the stamp", "D. Sterilize the surface before stamping", "E. Facilitate solvent evaporation by increasing airflow", "F. Enhance adhesion by removing interstitial solvent", "G. Prevent oxidation of silver nanodisks", "H. Increase temperature to accelerate curing", "I. Align the stamp precisely using vacuum hold", "J. Cool the substrate to fix the polymer pattern"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53276.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_781", "question": "The experiment describes applying a pressure of one hundred kilonewtons to the positive electrode after it is cut to match the dimensions of the negative electrode. Calculate the resulting pressure in megapascals, rounded to one decimal place.", "options": ["A. 23.8 MPa", "B. 23.14 MPa", "C. 31.51 MPa", "D. 23.43 MPa", "E. 26.08 MPa", "F. 22.58 MPa", "G. 24.48 MPa", "H. 19.91 MPa", "I. 24.45 MPa", "J. 24.86 MPa"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52284.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_564", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 03:22 fails or is not done before electrical testing?", "options": ["A. Composite film lacks stability due to no annealing", "B. Insulating layer is not applied", "C. Conductive electrodes are not properly deposited", "D. Film thickness does not increase as needed", "E. Microstructures are not patterned on the film", "F. Film's optical clarity is not improved", "G. Composite film is exposed to moisture", "H. Residual solvents remain in the film", "I. Polymer chains within the film are misaligned", "J. Composite film surface remains dirty"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60916.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_827", "question": "To achieve the same twisting angle as the 30° actuator at its maximum tested pressure, what is the approximate bending angle of the 60° actuator?", "options": ["A. 72 degrees", "B. 110 degrees", "C. 96 degrees", "D. 107 degrees", "E. 128 degrees", "F. 90 degrees", "G. 123 degrees", "H. 117 degrees", "I. 116 degrees", "J. 102 degrees"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58277.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_9", "question": "Why is the action at 04:31 necessary before peeling the polymer film from the FTO glass?", "options": ["A. To align polymer chains for better conductivity", "B. To activate adhesive properties of the metal mesh", "C. To cause thermal expansion of metal mesh", "D. To reduce surface tension between polymer and glass", "E. To soften polymer film for easier peeling", "F. To increase flexibility of polymer film", "G. To evaporate residual solvents from polymer film", "H. To solidify polymer film and trap metal mesh", "I. To warm the FTO glass for thermal expansion", "J. To remove moisture absorbed during imprinting"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56019.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_492", "question": "What could happen if the chamber piece curing procedure shown at 02:25 and 02:37 fails?", "options": ["A. Fabrication defects remain visible after initial curing", "B. Elastomer does not fully settle before final curing", "C. Elastomer hardness is insufficient, reducing durability", "D. Chamber piece fails to bond properly with the second layer", "E. Next component layer does not adhere well in assembly", "F. Trapped moisture remains in the elastomer between cures", "G. Embedded particles within the elastomer are not activated", "H. Actuator shape is not properly calibrated after initial curing", "I. Chamber piece is not cooled before applying external coatings", "J. Material stiffness gradient is not achieved due to lack of incremental curing"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58277.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_587", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 03:14 involving the PDMS mold application after solvent evaporation fails?", "options": ["A. No cracks form in the nanopattern", "B. Nanopattern transfer occurs uniformly across the mold", "C. Strong adhesion between mold and film is maintained", "D. Nanopattern is transferred to the film surface", "E. Nanopattern transfer is complete without solvent residues", "F. Nanopattern transfer occurs with high feature fidelity", "G. Solvent evaporation occurs quickly preventing pattern distortion", "H. Film surface remains smooth with pattern transfer", "I. Film thickness decreases due to solvent loss", "J. No chemical reaction occurs between mold and film surface"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61766.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_439", "question": "What could happen if the chemical added to the ink between 01:44 and 01:52 fails?", "options": ["A. Ink drying time is delayed", "B. TiO₂ particles do not dissolve properly", "C. Ink dries prematurely", "D. Ink viscosity remains too high, causing uneven flow", "E. Pigments clump together in the ink", "F. Ink color appears dull", "G. Ink does not adhere well to the substrate", "H. Ink remains acidic", "I. Ink spreads uncontrollably on paper", "J. Ink has poor electrical conductivity"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53963.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_592", "question": "What could happen if the procedure involving the platinum chip shown at 02:19 fails?", "options": ["A. Nickel sample is unstable due to lack of proper holding", "B. Temperature control is ineffective due to poor heat conduction", "C. Chemical reactions do not proceed properly without catalysis", "D. Alignment is incorrect due to missing optical marker", "E. Magnetic field calibration is inaccurate without reference material", "F. Resistance measurement is inaccurate due to lack of electrical contact", "G. Sample friction is higher due to absence of lubricant", "H. Internal pressure is not calibrated correctly", "I. Excess X-rays are not absorbed, causing interference", "J. Mechanical deformation is not detected due to failure of stress sensing"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61819.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_854", "question": "What is the total number of control signals sent from the operating program to create the complete nine-point dot pattern described in the results section?", "options": ["A. 19", "B. 23", "C. 16", "D. 14", "E. 13", "F. 17", "G. 20", "H. 21", "I. 15", "J. 18"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60694.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_487", "question": "What could happen if the final characterization step starting at 04:25 with an atomic force microscope fails?", "options": ["A. Surface topography of the device remains unmapped", "B. Defects and cracks in the MoS₂ channel are not visualized", "C. Nanoscale heating to alter conductivity is not performed", "D. Chemical composition of MoS₂ cannot be determined", "E. Uniform global strain is not applied across the device", "F. Electrical measurement setup is not properly calibrated", "G. Adhesion strength between layers is not tested", "H. Temperature changes during device operation are not measured", "I. Magnetic properties under mechanical load are not measured", "J. Piezoresistive response cannot be measured via localized strain"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57885.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_599", "question": "What could happen if the device shown at 4:18 fails to control the experimental parameter?", "options": ["A. Airflow rate drops or becomes erratic", "B. Drop size is irregular or uncontrolled", "C. Humidity levels fluctuate uncontrollably", "D. Ion concentration is not maintained properly", "E. Temperature varies outside the desired range", "F. Oxygen concentration is not stable", "G. Light intensity is inconsistent or incorrect", "H. Pressure becomes unstable", "I. pH level drifts away from the target value", "J. Sound frequency deviates from the set value"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61978.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_825", "question": "A cylindrical 'green' part is printed with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 20 mm. Based on the minimum stated linear shrinkage values from the protocol text, what will be the volume of the final sintered component?", "options": ["A. 1098 mm³", "B. 865 mm³", "C. 711 mm³", "D. 942 mm³", "E. 985 mm³", "F. 753 mm³", "G. 978 mm³", "H. 989 mm³", "I. 887 mm³", "J. 949 mm³"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57943.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_830", "question": "What is the approximate total angular deformation (sum of bending and twisting angles) for the 45° actuator when operated at a pressure of seventy kilopascals?", "options": ["A. 151 degrees", "B. 168 degrees", "C. 205 degrees", "D. 244 degrees", "E. 237 degrees", "F. 227 degrees", "G. 155 degrees", "H. 199 degrees", "I. 152 degrees", "J. 218 degrees"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58277.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_510", "question": "What could happen if the chemical treatment shown at 06:55-07:08 fails?", "options": ["A. Copper oxide builds up on the foil surface", "B. The holey carbon gold grid is not removed", "C. The graphene surface is not chemically cleaned", "D. A protective polymer layer is not deposited on graphene", "E. The copper foil substrate is not properly etched away", "F. Residual contaminants remain on the copper foil", "G. Ammonium persulfate residues are not dissolved", "H. The graphene layer is not oxidized for better adhesion", "I. The electrical conductivity of the graphene is not enhanced", "J. The graphene layer does not harden before transfer"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58676.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_836", "question": "By observing the underwater ruler during the first impact trial (starting at 02:35), determine the maximum cavity depth. Using the auto-tracking data shown graphically during the analysis phase (starting at 06:53), estimate the time taken to form this cavity. What is the average underwater deceleration of the sphere in m/s² during this phase? The answer should be a single numeric value, rounded to one decimal place.", "options": ["A. 12.3", "B. 11.19", "C. 12.46", "D. 13.89", "E. 17.3", "F. 8.09", "G. 9.83", "H. 15.41", "I. 11.01", "J. 9.2"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59300.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_812", "question": "What is the total time, in hours, that the gel is aged and washed before it is placed in the evaporating dish for drying?", "options": ["A. 122", "B. 71", "C. 91", "D. 96", "E. 89", "F. 86", "G. 99", "H. 76", "I. 109", "J. 72"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55500.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_266", "question": "What is the purpose of the operation shown at 03:22, and why must it be done before electrical testing?", "options": ["A. To align polymer chains within the film", "B. To enhance the film's optical clarity", "C. To remove residual solvents from the film", "D. To increase the thickness of the film", "E. To seal the composite film from moisture", "F. To anneal the composite film for stability", "G. To deposit conductive electrodes", "H. To apply an insulating layer", "I. To pattern microstructures on the film", "J. To clean the composite film surface"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60916.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_24", "question": "What adverse effect can result if the rinsing step detailed between 01:30 and 01:46 is cut short?", "options": ["A. Formation of unwanted chemical cross-links", "B. Enhanced thermal resistance of the composite", "C. Increased color intensity from acid staining", "D. Incomplete swelling of cellulose fibers", "E. Residual alkaline buildup in the structure", "F. Increased moisture retention in the scaffold", "G. Incomplete removal of lignin residues", "H. Lower crystallinity of cellulose fibers", "I. Reduced stability and mechanical performance", "J. Decreased porosity affecting diffusion rates"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60327.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_535", "question": "What could happen if the cleaning step shown between 3:04 and 3:15 after transferring the flake to the substrate fails?", "options": ["A. Flake surface is not polished for good contact", "B. Charge buildup occurs due to lack of anti-static coating", "C. Flakes are not dispersed evenly on the substrate", "D. Moisture remains on the substrate", "E. Residual adhesive remains on the substrate surface", "F. Dust particles remain on the substrate after transfer", "G. Chemical residues from exfoliation are not neutralized", "H. Substrate remains overheated", "I. Substrate surface is not activated for adhesion", "J. Damaged parts of the flake edges remain unetched"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59727.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_313", "question": "What is the purpose of the 60-second pause in the grinding protocol shown at 04:00?", "options": ["A. Give time for the powder to settle before collection", "B. Enable the operator to adjust the brush pressure manually", "C. Synchronize the grinding speed with the rotation of the sample", "D. Clean the grinder blade to avoid sample contamination", "E. Allow the grinder motor to cool down to prevent overheating", "F. Pause to realign the sample for accurate depth intervals", "G. Calibrate the grinding depth measurement system", "H. Complete and clean powder collection without cross-contamination", "I. Let the powder dry before collection to avoid clumping", "J. Record the powder weight for each grinding interval"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56268.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_315", "question": "What fundamental physical principle drives the droplet motion shown between 2:48 and 2:52?", "options": ["A. Thermocapillary motion", "B. Magnetohydrodynamic effect", "C. Piezoelectric actuation", "D. Marangoni effect", "E. Electrowetting on Dielectric", "F. Electrowetting without dielectric", "G. Dielectrophoresis", "H. Gravitational sliding", "I. Electroosmotic flow", "J. Capillary action"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61978.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_607", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 2:25 fails?", "options": ["A. The photoresist is not hardened uniformly", "B. The sample oxidizes", "C. The substrate beneath the pattern is not etched", "D. Excess substrate material is not removed", "E. The sample remains wet before etching", "F. The sample surface remains dusty", "G. Residual etchant remains on the sample", "H. The photoresist pattern does not develop", "I. The photoresist is not softened for inspection", "J. UV exposure effects are not neutralized"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_62433.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_461", "question": "What could happen if the operation at 1:10-1:15 fails or is not performed correctly just before the main cleaning and deposition sequence?", "options": ["A. Organic contaminants remain on the surface", "B. Adhesion promoter layer is not applied", "C. Silicon is not protected by a passivation layer", "D. Thin oxide layer for insulation is not formed", "E. Initial titanium adhesion layer is not deposited", "F. Silicon surface remains smooth, reducing adhesion", "G. Surface charges are not neutralized before deposition", "H. Anti-reflective coating is not applied to the silicon wafer", "I. Silicon substrate surface area is not increased", "J. Native silicon dioxide layer remains on the surface"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56383.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_330", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the procedure shown between 03:46 and 05:40?", "options": ["A. Etch microchannels in glass using plasma", "B. Clean the surface for better photolithography patterning", "C. Activate surface charges to enhance wetting properties", "D. Create a permanent, hermetic seal between components", "E. Heat the substrate to improve metal adhesion", "F. Generate a thin metal layer via sputtering", "G. Anneal metals to relieve internal stresses", "H. Calibrate temperature sensors inside the chamber", "I. Deposit a protective oxide layer on silicon", "J. Apply an adhesive layer for temporary bonding"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53861.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_484", "question": "What could happen if the instrument used at 01:25-01:28 fails?", "options": ["A. Impurities on the wafer surface are not detected, leading to defects after etching", "B. Wafer flatness issues are not identified, causing processing defects", "C. Oxide layer thickness is incorrect, compromising insulation", "D. Electrical conductivity of the 2DEG layer is not confirmed, causing circuit failure", "E. Temperature is not uniform during etching, leading to uneven etch results", "F. Incorrect etch depth leads to electrical shorting or isolation failure", "G. Etching tool is not calibrated properly, causing inconsistent etch rates", "H. Quantum circuit features have inaccurate lateral widths causing malfunction", "I. Etched surfaces are rougher than desired, affecting device performance", "J. Photolithography mask is misaligned, resulting in faulty circuit patterns"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57818.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_217", "question": "What is the main purpose of the procedure shown at 4:54-5:10?", "options": ["A. Deposit a conductive metal layer on PDMS microchannels", "B. Seal the PDMS microchannels by crosslinking the polymer", "C. Remove residual solvents from the PDMS microchannels", "D. Sterilize the PDMS microchannels to prevent contamination", "E. Etch microchannels to increase surface roughness for bonding", "F. Fill microchannels with a fluorescent dye for visualization", "G. Create an inert, glass-like coating on PDMS microchannels", "H. Induce swelling of PDMS microchannels for shape modification", "I. Hydrophobize the PDMS microchannel surfaces to repel water", "J. Enhance the fluorescence of the microchannels' interior surface"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57429.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_352", "question": "What fundamental engineering trade-off is highlighted by the experimental protocol design compared to a commercial mask aligner?", "options": ["A. Reliability versus energy consumption", "B. High precision versus ease of use", "C. Speed versus chemical compatibility", "D. Durability versus flexibility", "E. Automation versus manual speed", "F. Cost versus throughput", "G. Integration versus modularity", "H. Capital investment versus human capital", "I. Human capital versus software complexity", "J. Operator skill versus equipment size"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61877.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_843", "question": "Using the dimensions of the aluminum bar and the applied force from the FEA setup, calculate the theoretical strain (in microstrain) at the surface of the fixed end. Use the material properties provided in the detailed protocol.", "options": ["A. 44.8 με", "B. 36.11 με", "C. 50.64 με", "D. 39.25 με", "E. 37.79 με", "F. 52.3 με", "G. 44.78 με", "H. 39.24 με", "I. 36.23 με", "J. 35.62 με"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60177.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_789", "question": "What is the total duration, in minutes, of the heating processes involved in manipulating the flakes with the PDMS/PPC stamp before the sample is ready for lithography?", "options": ["A. 5 minutes", "B. 12 minutes", "C. 6 minutes", "D. 13 minutes", "E. 9 minutes", "F. 16 minutes", "G. 7 minutes", "H. 10 minutes", "I. 4 minutes", "J. 8 minutes"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53506.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_276", "question": "What fundamental physical principle causes the phenomenon illustrated at 5:42-6:26?", "options": ["A. Capillary action", "B. Electrophoresis", "C. Joule heating", "D. Brownian motion", "E. Electrodeposition", "F. Electrowetting", "G. Electrostatic attraction", "H. Dielectrophoresis", "I. Magnetophoresis", "J. Electroosmosis"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56408.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_813", "question": "Based on the provided TGA heating profile, what is the temperature in degrees Celsius that the sample reaches after exactly two hours from the start of heating?", "options": ["A. 1144", "B. 1252", "C. 1433", "D. 1460", "E. 1183", "F. 1143", "G. 1121", "H. 1200", "I. 1400", "J. 982"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55500.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_567", "question": "What could happen if the instruction at 01:47 fails?", "options": ["A. Reflection measurement errors arise", "B. Parasitic radiation errors increase", "C. Ambient temperature fluctuation errors become significant", "D. Thermocouple junction errors appear", "E. Electrical noise interference affects measurements", "F. Background subtraction errors occur", "G. Emissivity assumption errors take place", "H. Camera sensor pixel errors emerge", "I. Lens focusing errors happen", "J. Calibration drift errors occur"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60963.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_174", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the operation shown between 04:09 and 04:45?", "options": ["A. Heat treat SU-8 for improved adhesion", "B. Remove excess SU-8 from the surface", "C. Cure horizontal SU-8 layers", "D. Clean substrate before lithography", "E. Conduct vertical UV exposure for flat features", "F. Spin coat SU-8 for uniform thickness", "G. Apply protective coating to SU-8", "H. Develop exposed SU-8 pattern", "I. Create angled 3D structure in SU-8", "J. Align mask for standard 2D patterning"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59067.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_50", "question": "What failure would likely occur if the step shown from 01:38 to 01:45 were omitted?", "options": ["A. Formation of air bubbles inside the mold", "B. Excessive curing time required", "C. Warping of the 3D printed mold", "D. Elastomer shrinking and detaching prematurely", "E. Loss of elastomer flexibility", "F. Residual mold release agent contamination", "G. Incomplete curing of the elastomer", "H. Mold cracking under curing pressure", "I. Destructive tearing during demolding", "J. Surface oxidation of the cured elastomer"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58277.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_903", "question": "Using the temperature correction formula provided, what would be the temperature compensation value (ΔBPN) if a measurement were taken at the freezing point of water? Round the answer to one decimal place.", "options": ["A. -4.54", "B. -4.46", "C. -5.2", "D. -5.09", "E. -5.1", "F. -6.79", "G. -5.17", "H. -5.02", "I. -6.12", "J. -5.27"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63769.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_269", "question": "What is the primary purpose of the procedure performed between 01:47 and 02:03?", "options": ["A. Remove excess nitrogen from the substrate", "B. Passivate graphene to prevent chemical reactions", "C. Increase substrate temperature for growth", "D. Introduce defects for nucleation sites", "E. Enhance electrical conductivity of graphene", "F. Clean the graphene surface of contaminants", "G. Deposit an initial layer of aluminum nitride", "H. Smooth the surface for better film adhesion", "I. Reduce surface roughness to prevent defects", "J. Etch away damaged graphene regions"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60167.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_847", "question": "Calculate the percent discrepancy between the experimentally measured strain sensitivity of the nylon amplifier and the sensitivity derived from the FEA simulation, relative to the experimental value. Use data from the video's graphs and text.", "options": ["A. 101.58 %", "B. 95.9 %", "C. 114.49 %", "D. 121.05 %", "E. 103.36 %", "F. 83.59 %", "G. 92.76 %", "H. 100.1 %", "I. 95.66 %", "J. 81.58 %"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60177.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_485", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown between 02:37 and 02:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Excess material remains on the chip edges", "B. Device is not calibrated with a reference voltage", "C. Device surface is left unprotected", "D. Internal wiring continuity is not tested", "E. Thin insulating layer is not deposited on contacts", "F. Chip is not securely attached to the holder", "G. Nanoscale device is misaligned for optical microscopy", "H. Temperature setpoint of the refrigerator is incorrect", "I. Electrical connections are not established for external measurement", "J. Device resistance is not measured before cooling"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_57818.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_10", "question": "What is the purpose of the operation shown at 01:40 in the fabrication process?", "options": ["A. Annealing the substrate for crystallization", "B. Scratching the surface to improve mechanical bonding", "C. Curing the photoresist layer", "D. Patterning the substrate via ultrasonic waves", "E. Aligning the substrate before spin-coating", "F. Depositing a thin metal layer on substrate", "G. Removing excess photoresist after exposure", "H. Cleaning substrate surface", "I. Heating the substrate to activate adhesion", "J. Drying the substrate to remove residual solvent"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56019.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_410", "question": "What could happen if the chemical treatment on the samples shown between 08:29 and 08:50 fails?", "options": ["A. Surface hydrophilicity is not enhanced", "B. Polymer brush color does not change", "C. Polymer structure becomes unstable", "D. Polymerization does not initiate", "E. Unreacted monomers remain in the samples", "F. Polymerization catalyst remains in the samples", "G. Polymer chains do not cross-link", "H. Polymer chain folding is not promoted", "I. Polymer brush thickness does not increase", "J. Polymer brushes are not neutralized"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_52285.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_546", "question": "What could happen if the rinsing step detailed between 01:30 and 01:46 fails?", "options": ["A. Crystallinity of cellulose fibers is lowered", "B. Cellulose fibers do not swell completely", "C. Porosity decreases affecting diffusion rates", "D. Lignin residues are not completely removed", "E. Thermal resistance of the composite decreases", "F. Stability and mechanical performance are reduced", "G. Alkaline buildup remains in the structure", "H. Color intensity increases due to acid staining", "I. Unwanted chemical cross-links form", "J. Moisture retention in the scaffold increases"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60327.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_639", "question": "What could happen if the operation shown at 03:15 fails?", "options": ["A. Slurry does not melt and channels are hard to fill", "B. Solvents remain in the slurry mixture", "C. PDMS film stays too hard for shaping", "D. Slurry does not cure and electrode remains soft", "E. Adhesion between PDMS layers is weak", "F. Polymer lacks electrical conductivity", "G. Electrode is not sterilized for biological applications", "H. Moisture remains on the electrode surface", "I. Electrode remains too hot before insertion into the device", "J. Bubbles remain trapped in the slurry"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65175.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_163", "question": "Why is the procedure at 03:23 necessary before reaching equilibrium?", "options": ["A. Simulate external mechanical loading", "B. Accelerate atomic diffusion across the crack", "C. Fix atom positions to measure stress", "D. Remove contaminants from the crack surfaces", "E. Prevent premature crack deformation", "F. Increase the temperature uniformly", "G. Dissolve the crack edges gradually", "H. Normalize pressure throughout the sample", "I. Allow free movement of atoms near the crack", "J. Align molecular dipoles for better bonding"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63303.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_460", "question": "What could happen if the material deposited between 1:47 and 1:59 fails?", "options": ["A. Diffusion occurs uncontrollably causing contamination", "B. Oxide protection is missing leading to damage", "C. Areas are not properly masked leading to unintended exposure", "D. Layers do not adhere properly", "E. Surface is not passivated and corrodes or degrades", "F. Insulation is lost causing thermal or electrical issues", "G. Crystal growth does not initiate correctly", "H. Reflection is inadequate affecting performance", "I. Conductivity is insufficient or absent", "J. Catalytic activity is lost or ineffective"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56383.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_307", "question": "What is the main purpose of the operation shown at 03:15?", "options": ["A. Increase the adhesion between PDMS layers", "B. Melt the slurry for easier channel filling", "C. Cool the electrode before insertion into the device", "D. Cure the slurry and solidify the electrode", "E. Dry the electrode surface to remove moisture", "F. Evaporate solvents from the slurry mixture", "G. Activate electrical conductivity in the polymer", "H. Soften the PDMS film for shaping", "I. Remove bubbles trapped in the slurry", "J. Sterilize the electrode for biological applications"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65175.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_883", "question": "Considering the total volume of liquid added for microwave digestion, what is the final concentration of nitric acid in the digestion vessel before any reaction occurs?", "options": ["A. 76 %", "B. 78 %", "C. 90 %", "D. 57 %", "E. 61 %", "F. 69 %", "G. 74 %", "H. 64 %", "I. 70 %", "J. 77 %"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61829.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_239", "question": "What is the likely consequence of performing the step at 01:11 - 01:25 with a gap between the glass slide and the liquid polymer?", "options": ["A. Formation of bubbles within the liquid polymer", "B. Polymer contamination due to air exposure", "C. Uneven thickness of the polymer layer", "D. Complete curing with no visible defects", "E. Incomplete curing of the channel surface", "F. Discoloration of the polymer surface", "G. Increased adhesion between polymer and glass", "H. Excessive heat generation damaging the slide", "I. Detachment of the polymer from the glass slide", "J. Overcuring of the polymer leading to brittleness"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_58296.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_818", "question": "Calculate the ratio of the total specified sonication time during the multi-step substrate preparation and lift-off procedures to the duration of the UV light exposure.", "options": ["A. 158.2", "B. 169.57", "C. 154.0", "D. 160.87", "E. 111.72", "F. 193.88", "G. 132.35", "H. 138.01", "I. 192.56", "J. 141.75"], "answer": "A", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56408.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_862", "question": "What is the ratio of the annealing time to the initial solvent evaporation time for the cast film?", "options": ["A. 0.4", "B. 4.35", "C. 2.75", "D. 1.32", "E. 1.5", "F. 1.16", "G. 0.24", "H. 3.95", "I. 2.64", "J. 0.17"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60916.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_164", "question": "What is the purpose of converting the model files as demonstrated at 02:45?", "options": ["A. Extracting bond angles for analysis", "B. Generating input for quantum chemistry calculations", "C. Transforming coordinate data for visualization software", "D. Creating topology files for GROMACS simulation", "E. Preparing files for energy minimization in Materials Studio", "F. Formatting data for LAMMPS simulation", "G. Converting simulation results to graphical format", "H. Merging multiple molecular models into one file", "I. Visualizing molecular structures in Materials Studio", "J. Compressing files to reduce storage size"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63303.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_591", "question": "What could happen if the operational step shown between 02:27 and 02:40 fails?", "options": ["A. Probe tip is not sealed, allowing gas leakage", "B. Thermal paste is not applied, causing poor heat dissipation", "C. Probe shaft is weak and lacks mechanical durability", "D. Probe tip position is not marked, leading to misalignment", "E. Probe tip remains contaminated", "F. Probe voltage is not properly calibrated before plasma exposure", "G. Joints are not lubricated, causing assembly issues", "H. Probe is not coated with a conductive material", "I. Probe lacks paint protection and is susceptible to corrosion", "J. Probe tip lacks electrical insulation and structural integrity"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61804.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_804", "question": "What is the total time, in minutes, that the ITO glass is subjected to heating on a hot plate during its fabrication?", "options": ["A. 17 minutes", "B. 19 minutes", "C. 12 minutes", "D. 13 minutes", "E. 14 minutes", "F. 16 minutes", "G. 18 minutes", "H. 15 minutes", "I. 10 minutes", "J. 20 minutes"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54575.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_581", "question": "What could happen if the assembly of the etched substrate and cover plate done inside a glovebox (around 05:15) fails?", "options": ["A. Noise from external sources interferes", "B. Electrostatic discharge happens", "C. Assembly is affected by vibration", "D. Particle contamination occurs", "E. Alignment accuracy is lost due to unstable air", "F. Humidity levels fluctuate", "G. Chemical reactions occur with oxygen", "H. Substrate is exposed to ambient light", "I. Temperature fluctuates and affects assembly", "J. Solvents do not evaporate rapidly"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61369.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_597", "question": "What could happen if the equipment used between 02:58 and 03:09 fails?", "options": ["A. Photomask angle cannot be adjusted correctly", "B. Photomask cannot be positioned vertically with precision", "C. Wafer alignment is incorrect horizontally", "D. Photoresist layer thickness is not measured", "E. Insufficient pressure prevents proper mask and wafer contact", "F. Exposure duration timer is inaccurate", "G. Wafer is not properly secured to the holder", "H. Photoresist surface remains unclean", "I. Wafer is not cooled before exposure", "J. Light intensity for exposure is not properly adjusted"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61877.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_908", "question": "If the experimenter prepares the wet grinding slurry using double the standard mass of microplastics but uses the standard volume of water, then proceeds with wet grinding and centrifugation where half of the water is removed by decanting, what is the final concentration of the nanoplastic slurry in grams per liter?", "options": ["A. 37 g/L", "B. 41 g/L", "C. 32 g/L", "D. 39 g/L", "E. 33 g/L", "F. 40 g/L", "G. 44 g/L", "H. 46 g/L", "I. 42 g/L", "J. 35 g/L"], "answer": "F", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64112.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_283", "question": "What fundamental physical property is indicated by the measurement shown at 4:46-5:02, and what explains its change over time?", "options": ["A. Ion charge", "B. pH level of the solution", "C. Viscosity of the liquid", "D. Ionic conductivity", "E. Electrode surface area", "F. Solution density", "G. Water evaporation rate", "H. Electrical capacitance", "I. Water temperature", "J. Atmospheric pressure"], "answer": "D", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_54575.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_565", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown between 02:25 and 02:44 fails?", "options": ["A. Aluminum thermal expansion is not observed", "B. Ambient room temperature is not monitored", "C. Silicon melting point is not detected properly", "D. Baseline for thermal conductivity is not established", "E. Furnace temperature uniformity is not tested", "F. Emissivity changes over time are not recorded", "G. Heater element functionality is unchecked", "H. IR camera emissivity is not calibrated correctly", "I. Wafer cooling rate is not measured accurately", "J. Thermocouple readings are inaccurate"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60963.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_579", "question": "What could happen if the procedure shown from 13:30 to 13:55 fails?", "options": ["A. Moisture remains, leading to charging effects in the microscope", "B. Microstructure is misaligned, reducing optical visualization quality", "C. Material remains too hard, making it difficult to cut with a blade", "D. Sample has low electrical conductivity, causing poor SEM imaging", "E. Material is not made brittle, resulting in a rough or uneven cross-section for SEM", "F. Surface lacks a protective coating, causing damage during imaging", "G. Material surface remains rough, leading to unclear images", "H. Material is not heated properly, making fracture more difficult", "I. Sample becomes contaminated during imaging", "J. Microscope is not properly calibrated, resulting in inaccurate imaging"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61216.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_206", "question": "What is the primary function of the operation shown at 06:05?", "options": ["A. Etching alignment marks for lithography", "B. Smoothing the surface to reduce roughness", "C. Activating dopants within the device", "D. Cleaning the sample surface from organic residues", "E. Removing the PMMA resist to expose the pattern", "F. Passivating the device surface to prevent oxidation", "G. Creating electrical contacts on the device", "H. Annealing the contacts for better conduction", "I. Physically defining and isolating the device", "J. Depositing a protective oxide layer"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_53506.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_337", "question": "What operational difference in photolithography distinguishes pillar fabrication from cavity fabrication?", "options": ["A. Changing exposure time duration", "B. Inversion of photolithography mask type", "C. Modifying the temperature during baking", "D. Adjusting the numerical aperture of the mask aligner", "E. Varying the etching gas composition", "F. Switching from contact to proximity exposure mode", "G. Rotating the wafer during exposure", "H. Use of different wavelength UV light", "I. Switching from positive to negative photoresist", "J. Altering the development chemical concentration"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_60403.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_86", "question": "What is the function of the component arrangement shown at 03:47 to 03:54?", "options": ["A. Stabilizing the laser pulse frequency", "B. Focusing the laser beam to a smaller spot size", "C. Changing the laser pulse duration", "D. Modulating the repetition rate of laser pulses", "E. Continuous attenuation of laser pulse energy", "F. Converting laser pulse from continuous to pulsed mode", "G. Increasing the laser beam coherence", "H. Splitting laser beam into two separate paths", "I. Filtering out unwanted wavelengths from the laser", "J. Aligning the laser polarization with the sample orientation"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_65450.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_28", "question": "What is the likely consequence of omitting the process shown between 03:19 and 03:27?", "options": ["A. Over-selenization causing film brittleness", "B. Reduced adhesion of CIGS film to substrate", "C. Excessive grain growth leading to mechanical instability", "D. Premature crystallization during deposition stage", "E. Incomplete reaction and poor electronic quality of CIGS film", "F. Incomplete selenium incorporation resulting in metallic impurities", "G. Excessive film thickness causing light absorption loss", "H. Retention of unreacted elemental selenium on the surface", "I. Loss of stoichiometry due to selenium evaporation at low temperature", "J. Formation of unwanted secondary phases due to cooling too quickly"], "answer": "E", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_59909.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_805", "question": "Considering the information presented in the results, what is the approximate ratio of the instability's dominant wavelength at the lowest rotation rate to that at the highest rotation rate?", "options": ["A. 0.08", "B. 0.81", "C. 2.4", "D. 4.49", "E. 1.49", "F. 0.96", "G. 5.56", "H. 2.3", "I. 4.33", "J. 2.02"], "answer": "H", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_55088.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_91", "question": "What is the main purpose of the process shown between 5:01 and 5:25?", "options": ["A. Apply a dye to color the anodized layer", "B. Smooth out the aluminum surface irregularities", "C. Cool down the aluminum after anodization", "D. Introduce impurities to enhance pore formation", "E. Deposit a protective oxide layer on aluminum surface", "F. Hydrate the oxide layer to improve durability", "G. Seal the anodized pores with a chemical solution", "H. Increase the thickness of the initial oxide layer", "I. Polish the aluminum to a mirror finish", "J. Remove the initial less-ordered layer and texture aluminum"], "answer": "J", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_56432.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_234", "question": "What is the main purpose of the procedure shown between 02:25 and 02:40?", "options": ["A. To clean the plastic before analysis", "B. To sterilize the plastic surface", "C. To make the plastic brittle for mechanical fracture", "D. To cool the plastic for dimensional stability", "E. To soften the plastic for easy molding", "F. To induce crystallization for rigidity", "G. To dry the plastic by freezing out moisture", "H. To anneal the plastic and relieve stress", "I. To improve adhesion properties", "J. To prepare the plastic for chemical etching"], "answer": "C", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_64112.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_901", "question": "If an eighth sample for a 'Super Blizzard' condition were prepared with a total volume of water equal to the sum of the volumes used for the 'Blizzard' and 'Large Blizzard' samples, what would be the expected final temperature-corrected BPN value for this new sample?", "options": ["A. 18", "B. 13", "C. 9", "D. 14", "E. 15", "F. 8", "G. 12", "H. 11", "I. 16", "J. 10"], "answer": "B", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63769.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_582", "question": "What could happen if the step shown between 07:23 and 07:35 fails?", "options": ["A. Chemical reaction within the device remains incomplete", "B. Electrical short circuit happens within the device", "C. Air bubbles form and disrupt the experiment", "D. Temperature rapidly increases causing thermal damage", "E. Fluids leak at connection points", "F. Response time in pressure readings is delayed", "G. Mechanical failure of the device occurs", "H. Chemical contamination arises from sudden mixing", "I. Fluid flow through the system is uncontrolled", "J. Device components corrode due to pressure spikes"], "answer": "G", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_61369.mp4"}} | |
| {"qid": "SciVideoBench_899", "question": "What is the total mass of water, in grams, used to prepare all the iced experimental samples shown in the experiment, assuming a water density of one gram per cubic centimeter?", "options": ["A. 7397 g", "B. 4387 g", "C. 6101 g", "D. 5925 g", "E. 6474 g", "F. 6467 g", "G. 4452 g", "H. 6523 g", "I. 6039 g", "J. 6448 g"], "answer": "I", "subcategory": "Physics", "video_ref": {"repo": "groundmore/scivideobench", "zip_path": "scivideobench_videos.zip", "member": "jove_63769.mp4"}} | |