| ==Phrack Inc.== |
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| Volume Three, Issue Thirty-Three, File 9 of 13 |
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| || A Real Functioning RED BOX Schematic || |
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| || Written by: R.J. "BoB" Dobbs || |
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| ::What is a Red Box?:: |
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| Essentially, the Red Box is a device used to fool the phone company's |
| computer into thinking coins are deposited into a payphone. Every time you |
| drop a coin into a payphone, the phone signals the type of coin inserted with |
| one or more bursts of a combination of 1700hz and 2200hz. The tone bursts are |
| coded as follows: |
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| Nickel : One 60 millisecond pulse |
| Dime : Two 60 millisecond pulses separated by 60 milliseconds |
| Quarter: Five 35 millisecond pulses separated by 35 milliseconds |
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| ::How to use it:: |
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|
| Simply dial a long distance number (some areas require you to stick in |
| a genuine nickel first), wait for the ACTS computer to demand your cash, and |
| press the "deposit" button on the red box for each coin you want to simulate. |
| The coin signals are coupled from the red box into the phone with a small |
| speaker held to the mouthpiece. For local calls, either you must first deposit |
| a genuine nickle before simulating more coins or place your call through the |
| operator with 0+xxx+yyyy. Use some care when the operator is on the line - |
| sometimes they catch on to your beeper ploy. |
|
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| ::Circuit Operation:: |
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| Each time the pushbutton is pressed, it triggers half of IC1, configured |
| as a monostable multivibrator to energize the rest of the circuit for a length |
| of time determined by the setting of the coin selector switch. This in turn |
| starts the other half of IC1, configured as an astable multivibrator, pulsing |
| on and off at regular intervals at a rate determined by the 100k pot between |
| pins 12 and 13. The output of the astable thus alternately powers of IC2, |
| configured as a square wave oscillator, providing the required 1700hz and |
| 2200hz to the op amp which acts as a buffer to drive the speaker. |
|
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| ::Alignment & Testing:: |
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|
| When you are making this thing by no means should you use a 9v AC to DC |
| adapter! I also suggest not using a bread board. So be careful with that |
| sodering iron. Both of these things will cause you problems. |
| For alignment, a frequency counter is desired but you can use a good |
| oscilloscope as well. (These are not ABSOLUTELY necessary, but to help.) In |
| order to figure frequency in Hz with your scope you can use the following |
| formula. |
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| 1 S = The measurement of the wave that is on the display |
| Hz = ----------- |
| S*(T*10^-6) T = The setting of the time selector (milliseconds) |
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| 1 |
| Hz = ------------------ Hz = 2198 |
| 9.1 * 50ms * 10^-6 |
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| Carefully remove IC1 from it's socket. Install a temporary jumper from |
| +9v supply to pin 14 of IC2 and temporarily disconnect the 0.01uF capacitors |
| from pins 5 and 9 of IC2. Power up the circuit. Measuring the output from pin |
| 5 of IC2 with the frequency counter or scope, adjust the 50k pot between pins 1 |
| and 6 for an output of 1700hz. Now adjust the 50k pot between pins 8 and 13 |
| for an output of 2200hz from pin 9 of IC2. Remove the temporary jumper and |
| re-attach the capacitors to pins 5 and 9 of IC2, and re-insert IC1. (Note: if |
| no frequency counter is available, the outputs can be adjusted by ear one at a |
| time by zero-beating the output tone with a computer generated tone of known |
| precision.) |
| Next, using a multimeter, adjust the 10K pot at the cathode of the |
| "quarter" diode for resistance of approximately 8K ohms. (This sets the |
| difference between the duration of the quarter pulses and those of the |
| nickel/dime -- fine tuning of this ratio may be necessary durring the latter |
| stages of alignment; this can be done by ear.) |
| Now, temporarily disconnect the wire between pins 5 and 10 of IC1. Set |
| coin selector switch in the "N" (nickel) position. With the oscilloscope |
| measuring the output from pin 9 of IC1, adjust the 100k pot between pins 12 and |
| 13 of IC1 for output pulses of 60 millisecond duration. Reconnect the wire |
| between pins 5 and 10. (Note: If no scope is available, adjust the pulse rate |
| by ear using computer generated tones for comparison.) |
| Leave the selector switch in the "N" position. Adjust the 50K pot |
| labeled "Nickel" for a single beep each time the deposit pushbutton is pressed. |
| Next set the coin selector switch to "Dime". Adjust the 50k pot labelled |
| "Dime" for a quick double beep each time the pushbutton is pressed. |
| Finally, set the selector to "Quarter". Adjust the 50k pot labelled |
| "Quarter" until exactly 5 very quick beeps are heard for each button |
| press. Don't worry if the quarter beeps sound shorter and faster than |
| the nickel and dime ones. They should be. |
|
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| ::Conclusion:: |
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| If all went well to this point, your red box should be completely |
| aligned and functional. A final test should now be conducted from a payphone |
| using the DATL (Dial Access Test Line) coin test. Dial 09591230 and follow the |
| computer instructions using the red box at the proper prompts. The computer |
| should correctly identify all coins "simulated" and flag any anomalies. With a |
| little discretion, your red box should bring you many years of use. Remember, |
| there is no such thing as spare change! |
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| ::Parts list for Red Box:: |
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| 2 556 Dual Timer IC's 8 0.01uF Caps |
| 1 741 Op Amp IC 2 0.1uF Cap |
| 2 1N914 Diodes 1 1.0uF Electrolytic Cap |
| 5 10k Resistors 2 10uF Electrolytic Caps |
| 1 4.7k Resistor 1 3 Position Rotary Switch |
| 2 100k Resistors 1 SPST Toggle Switch |
| 1 100k PC Mount Pots 1 Momentary Push Button Switch (n/o) |
| 3 50k PC Mount Pot 1 9v Battery Clip |
| 1 10k PC Mount Pot 2 14 Pin Dip Socket |
| 2 50k Multi-Turn Pots 1 8 Pin Dip Socket |
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| ::Schematic:: |
| _ |
| +9__S1/ _____________________________________________________________ |
| | | | | | S3 | |
| R1 R2 | R3 o @ o | |
| |___C1___| _____| |_________|/___ / o \___ | |
| | ____|_____|_____|____ | | |\ | | _| | |
| _| o | 6 4 14 | R4 R5 D1 | | R9< | |
| S2 | o _|5 13|_____| | | |__ | | |
| | | | | |__ g | _| | | |
| g |_|10 IC1 8|_ _| | R8< | | |
| | 556 | |__R6< |__ | | | |
| _|9 12|_| _| | | | |
| | | | |__C2__g R7< | | | |
| | |_11___3___7___2___1__| | | | | |
| | | | | |___|_______________________|____|____| | |
| | | C3 | | | |
| |__|/| | | C4 | |
| | |\ | | | | |
| | D2 g g g | |
| |_____________________ | |
| | | | | |
| ___ R10 | R11 ___ | |
| v | | | | | v | |
| __R12 |__| ___|___ |__| R13__ | |
| | _|___|___|___|____|_ | | |
| | | 1 4 14 10 13 | | | |
| | | | | | |
| |_______|6 8|_______| | |
| | | | IC2 | | | | |
| C5 |__|2 556 12|__| C6 | |
| | | | | | |
| g __|3 11|__ g | |
| | |_____7___5___9______| | | |
| C7 | | | C8 | |
| | | C9 C10 | | |
| | | |___| | | |
| g g | g | |
| | | |
| | ________________________________| |
| | | | |
| | R14 | |
| | | |\ | |
| | | | \ | |
| |___________|___________|3 \| |
| | | | 7 \ |
| C11 R15 |IC3 \ |
| | | |741 6/___ |
| g g | 4 / | |
| | /| | |
| g_[speaker]___C12______|2 / | | |
| | |/ g | |
| |_______________| |
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| ::Schematic Parts Code:: |
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| R1:10K R4:10K R7:50K pot R10:10K R13:50K pot |
| R2:10K R5:10K R8:50K pot R11:10K R14:100K |
| R3:4.7K R6:100K pot R9:50K pot R12:50K pot R15:100K |
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| C1:0.01uf C4:10uf C7:0.01uf C10:0.01uf |
| C2:1.00uf C5:0.01uf C8:0.01uf C11:0.10uf D1 :1N914 |
| C3:0.01uf C6:0.01uf C9:0.01uf C12:10uf D2 :1N914 |
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| S1 - SPST toggle |
| S2 - Momentary push button Normally Open |
| S3 - 3-position rotary switch g - Ground |
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