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README.md
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library_name: transformers
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license:
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base_model: roberta-base
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metrics:
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- accuracy
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tags:
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- generated_from_trainer
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- nlp
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- vulnerability
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model-index:
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- name: vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base
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results: []
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datasets:
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- CIRCL/vulnerability-scores
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#
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# Severity classification
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This model is a fine-tuned version of [roberta-base](https://huggingface.co/roberta-base) on the dataset [CIRCL/vulnerability-scores](https://huggingface.co/datasets/CIRCL/vulnerability-scores).
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The model was presented in the paper [VLAI: A RoBERTa-Based Model for Automated Vulnerability Severity Classification](https://huggingface.co/papers/2507.03607) [[arXiv](https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03607)].
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**Abstract:** VLAI is a transformer-based model that predicts software vulnerability severity levels directly from text descriptions. Built on RoBERTa, VLAI is fine-tuned on over 600,000 real-world vulnerabilities and achieves over 82% accuracy in predicting severity categories, enabling faster and more consistent triage ahead of manual CVSS scoring. The model and dataset are open-source and integrated into the Vulnerability-Lookup service.
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You can read [this page](https://www.vulnerability-lookup.org/user-manual/ai/) for more information.
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## Model description
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## How to get started with the model
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```python
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from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification, AutoTokenizer
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import torch
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
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model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(model_name)
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model.eval()
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that could severely harm the host system. This could significantly affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the targeted system."
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inputs = tokenizer(test_description, return_tensors="pt", truncation=True, padding=True)
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with torch.no_grad():
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outputs = model(**inputs)
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predictions = torch.nn.functional.softmax(outputs.logits, dim=-1)
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# Print results
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print("Predictions:", predictions)
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predicted_class = torch.argmax(predictions, dim=-1).item()
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print("Predicted severity:", labels[predicted_class])
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```
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## Training procedure
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- lr_scheduler_type: linear
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- num_epochs: 5
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It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
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- Loss: 2.0294
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- Accuracy: 0.8176
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### Training results
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| Training Loss | Epoch | Step | Validation Loss | Accuracy |
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|:-------------:|:-----:|:-----:|:---------------:|:--------:|
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### Framework versions
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- Transformers 5.3.0
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- Pytorch 2.10.0+cu128
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- Datasets 4.
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- Tokenizers 0.22.2
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---
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library_name: transformers
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license: mit
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base_model: roberta-base
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tags:
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- generated_from_trainer
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metrics:
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- accuracy
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model-index:
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- name: vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base
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results: []
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---
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<!-- This model card has been generated automatically according to the information the Trainer had access to. You
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should probably proofread and complete it, then remove this comment. -->
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# vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base
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This model is a fine-tuned version of [roberta-base](https://huggingface.co/roberta-base) on an unknown dataset.
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It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
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- Loss: 1.9833
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- Accuracy: 0.8211
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## Model description
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More information needed
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## Intended uses & limitations
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More information needed
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## Training and evaluation data
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More information needed
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## Training procedure
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- lr_scheduler_type: linear
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- num_epochs: 5
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### Training results
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| Training Loss | Epoch | Step | Validation Loss | Accuracy |
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| 2.7116 | 1.0 | 15738 | 2.5661 | 0.7371 |
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| 2.4749 | 2.0 | 31476 | 2.2496 | 0.7708 |
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| 2.0455 | 3.0 | 47214 | 2.0910 | 0.7917 |
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| 1.6348 | 4.0 | 62952 | 2.0018 | 0.8102 |
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| 1.4475 | 5.0 | 78690 | 1.9833 | 0.8211 |
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### Framework versions
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- Transformers 5.3.0
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- Pytorch 2.10.0+cu128
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- Datasets 4.8.3
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- Tokenizers 0.22.2
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tokenizer.json
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"version": "1.0",
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"truncation":
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"max_length": 512,
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"strategy": "LongestFirst",
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"stride": 0
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},
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"strategy": {
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"Fixed": 512
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"direction": "Right",
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"pad_to_multiple_of": null,
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"pad_id": 1,
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"pad_type_id": 0,
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"pad_token": "<pad>"
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